Micro-jet high-pressure homogenizer

Abstract

The invention discloses a microjet high-pressure homogenizer, and relates to the technical field of homogenizers, the microjet high-pressure homogenizer comprises a rack, a plunger mechanism and a homogenizing mechanism are mounted on the rack, a servo motor is mounted on the rack, the servo motor is in transmission connection with a curved bar mechanism, and the curved bar mechanism is used for pushing materials to be supplied to the plunger mechanism; and the plunger mechanism is used for primarily crushing the materials under the shearing action. The first-stage material storage barrel is used as a total stock bin to store all materials to be treated, the second-stage material storage barrel quantitatively guides the materials into the third-stage material storage hopper through a gap structure formed by the bottom fixing barrel and the barrel cover and the siphonic effect, and when the liquid level of the materials in the second-stage material storage barrel exceeds the top end of the fixing barrel, the materials in the third-stage material storage hopper are discharged. Siphon is formed through the limiting effect of the atmospheric pressure above the liquid level and the gap flow channel, materials continuously and stably flow into the third-stage storage hopper till the materials in the barrel are completely discharged, and the problem that in a traditional feeding mode, feeding is not uniform due to pressure fluctuation or human intervention is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of homogenizers, in particular to a micro-jet high-pressure homogenizer. Background Art

[0002] The microjet high-pressure homogenizer is a high-end homogenizing equipment based on microjet technology. Its core principle is to use a high-pressure pump to pressurize the material to be processed (such as emulsions, suspensions, cell suspensions, etc.) to tens to hundreds of MPa, so that it passes through the precisely designed internal microchannels or interactive cavities to form high-speed microjets. The strong shear, collision, cavitation effect and turbulence generated by the material in a very small space are used to achieve the refinement, dispersion and uniform mixing of material particles.

[0003] However, in the existing technology, the material suction process is highly dependent on the negative pressure generated by the return stroke of the plunger, and its single suction volume is completely subject to the stroke length of the plunger. However, homogenization processing has strict adaptation requirements for material capacity. When the amount of material injected at a single time exceeds a reasonable threshold, the processing effect will be significantly weakened. When the excess material flows through the shear cavity, impact cavity and cavitation cavity, it is difficult to fully withstand the shear force, impact force and cavitation explosion effect due to the limitations of flow channel space and energy distribution. This not only leads to the inability to effectively crush and disperse the material particles, but also easily causes local pressure imbalance, causing instability in the homogenization process, and ultimately resulting in uneven particle size distribution and poor dispersion of the finished material, which seriously affects the quality of homogenization molding and product performance, and cannot meet the stringent standards for material homogenization accuracy in the high-end manufacturing field. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a micro-jet high-pressure homogenizer to solve the problems raised by the above background technology.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a micro-jet high-pressure homogenizer, comprising a frame, a plunger mechanism and a homogenizing mechanism mounted on the frame, a servo motor mounted on the frame, the servo motor being transmission-connected to a crank mechanism, the crank mechanism being used to propel the material to feed in the plunger mechanism, the plunger mechanism being used to preliminarily crush the material by shearing action, and the homogenizing mechanism being used to completely homogenize the material by impact action and cavitation explosion action, a quantitative feeding mechanism being provided above the plunger mechanism, the quantitative feeding mechanism comprising a first-stage storage barrel, a second-stage storage barrel and a third-stage storage hopper, the third-stage storage hopper being mounted on the outer wall of the plunger mechanism and being connected to the inner cavity, a one-way valve being installed at the ends of the third-stage storage hopper and the plunger mechanism, the second-stage storage barrel being mounted above the first-stage storage barrel, a fixed cylinder being mounted at the center position of the bottom end of the second-stage storage barrel, a cylinder cover being provided above the fixed cylinder, a gap being formed between the cylinder cover and the fixed cylinder for material circulation, the material flowing through the center of the fixed cylinder into the third-stage storage hopper, the second-stage storage barrel being used to quantitatively supply material to the third-stage storage hopper.

[0006] Preferably, the crank mechanism includes a transmission shaft and a connecting sleeve, the outer wall of the transmission shaft is evenly spaced with cranks of different specifications, the connecting sleeve is movably sleeved on the outer wall of the crank, one end of the connecting sleeve is rotatably connected to the transmission rod, and one end of the transmission rod is rotatably connected to the plunger.

[0007] Preferably, the plunger mechanism includes a barrel and a shearing barrel, the barrel and the shearing barrel are connected to form a reducing tube, a material cavity is opened inside the barrel, the plunger is slidably connected inside the material cavity, a tapered cavity is opened inside the reducing tube, a shearing cavity is opened inside the shearing barrel, and the three-stage storage hopper is connected to the material cavity.

[0008] Preferably, the tertiary storage hopper is funnel-shaped, and its bottom end is a neck tube structure.

[0009] Preferably, the homogenizing mechanism includes a homogenizing shell and an impact ring, the impact ring is arranged in the middle of the inner cavity of the homogenizing shell, an impact cavity is formed between the homogenizing shell and the impact ring, the inner side wall of the homogenizing shell is fixedly connected with an inner conical cone, a cavity cavity is formed between the inner conical cone and the impact ring, and both ends of the impact cavity are connected to the cavity cavity.

[0010] Preferably, a bearing platform is fixedly connected to the top of the frame, and the secondary storage barrel is installed above the bearing platform.

[0011] Preferably, the first-level storage barrel is located above the second-level storage barrel, the first-level storage barrel is fixedly mounted on the upper surface of the supporting platform through a support column, and a drip irrigation nozzle is installed at the bottom end of the first-level storage barrel.

[0012] Preferably, the outer side wall of the fixed cylinder is slidably connected to the sliding cylinder, and a connecting column is fixedly connected between the cylinder cover and the sliding cylinder.

[0013] Preferably, the interior of the secondary storage barrel is rotatably connected to a screw rod, the outer wall of the screw rod is threadedly connected to a slide seat, and the slide seat is connected to the barrel cover through a rod.

[0014] Preferably, a bevel gear set is provided at the top end of the screw rod, a knob is provided on the outer side wall of the secondary storage barrel, and the knob is transmission-connected to the screw rod through the bevel gear set.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. In the present invention, the first-level storage barrel is used as the main silo to store all the materials to be processed. The second-level storage barrel introduces the materials into the third-level storage hopper in a quantitative manner through the gap structure and siphon effect formed by the bottom fixed barrel and the barrel cover. When the liquid level of the material in the second-level storage barrel exceeds the top of the fixed barrel, the atmospheric pressure above the liquid surface and the restrictive effect of the gap flow channel are used to form a siphon, so that the material flows continuously and stably into the third-level storage hopper until the material in the barrel is exhausted, avoiding the problem of uneven feeding caused by pressure fluctuations or human intervention in traditional feeding methods.

[0016] 2. In the present invention, the material is sequentially subjected to the shearing action of the plunger mechanism, the impact action of the homogenizing mechanism and the cavitation explosion action. Through the multiple mechanisms of flow channel diameter reducing shearing, high-speed impact crushing and cavitation collapse impact, efficient processing from preliminary crushing to complete homogenization is achieved, and the crushed particles are finer and more evenly dispersed.

[0017] 3. In the present invention, the crank mechanism can adjust the thrust stroke of the plunger through the detachable connection of cranks of different specifications and the connecting sleeve. Combined with the quantitative adjustment function of the secondary storage barrel, it can flexibly adapt the processing parameters according to the material characteristics, thereby broadening the scope of application of the equipment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a micro-jet high-pressure homogenizer of the present invention Figure 1 ; Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a micro-jet high-pressure homogenizer of the present invention Figure 2 ; Figure 3 This is a schematic structural diagram of a bent rod mechanism and a plunger mechanism in a micro-jet high-pressure homogenizer of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a structural schematic diagram of a plunger mechanism and a quantitative feeding mechanism in a micro-jet high-pressure homogenizer of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic plan view of a plunger mechanism and a homogenizing mechanism in a micro-jet high-pressure homogenizer of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic planar structural diagram of a quantitative feeding mechanism in a micro-jet high-pressure homogenizer of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a quantitative feeding mechanism in a micro-jet high-pressure homogenizer of the present invention; Figure 8 For the present invention Figure 7 A magnified rendering of the local structure at point A in the middle; Figure 9 This is a simplified diagram illustrating the working principle of the material in the plunger mechanism and the homogenizer in a micro-jet high-pressure homogenizer of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a simplified diagram illustrating the working principle of the quantitative feeding mechanism of materials in a micro-jet high-pressure homogenizer of the present invention.

[0019] In the figure: 1. Frame; 2. Servo motor; 3. Crank mechanism; 31. Drive shaft; 32. Crank; 33. Connecting sleeve; 34. Drive rod; 35. Plunger; 4. Plunger mechanism; 41. Barrel; 410. Material cavity; 42. Reducer; 420. Conical cavity; 43. Shearing cylinder; 430. Shearing cavity; 5. Homogenizing mechanism; 51. Homogenizing shell; 510. Impact cavity; 52. Inner cone; 520. Cavity cavity; 53. Impact ring; 6. Quantitative feeding mechanism; 61. Primary storage barrel; 610. Drip nozzle; 62. Secondary storage barrel; 621. Screw; 622. Slide; 623. Barrel cover; 624. Fixed barrel; 625. Sliding barrel; 626. Connecting column; 63. Carrying platform; 64. Third-stage storage hopper. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the implementation regulations described are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field based on the embodiments of the present invention without making any creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] Example 1: According to Figure 1-10 As shown: A micro-jet high-pressure homogenizer includes a frame 1, a plunger mechanism 4 and a homogenizing mechanism 5 are installed on the frame 1, a servo motor 2 is installed on the frame 1, and the servo motor 2 is connected to a crank mechanism 3, the crank mechanism 3 is used to push the material to feed the plunger mechanism 4, the plunger mechanism 4 is used to initially crush the material through shearing action, and the homogenizing mechanism 5 is used to completely homogenize the material through impact and cavitation explosion action. A quantitative feeding mechanism 6 is provided above the plunger mechanism 4, and the quantitative feeding mechanism 6 includes a first-level storage barrel 61, a second-level storage barrel 62 and a third-level storage hopper 64. The tertiary storage hopper 64 is installed on the outer wall of the plunger mechanism 4 and is connected to the inner cavity. One-way valves are installed at the ends of the tertiary storage hopper 64 and the plunger mechanism 4. The secondary storage barrel 62 is installed above the primary storage barrel 61. A fixed cylinder 624 is installed at the center of the bottom end of the secondary storage barrel 62. A cylinder cover 623 is provided above the fixed cylinder 624. A gap for material circulation is formed between the cylinder cover 623 and the fixed cylinder 624. The material flows into the tertiary storage hopper 64 through the center of the fixed cylinder 624. The secondary storage barrel 62 is used to supply material to the tertiary storage hopper 64 in a quantitative manner.

[0022] In this embodiment, when the plunger 35 returns in the barrel 41, the space of the material chamber 410 increases to form a negative pressure, and the negative pressure is used to suck the material stored in the three-stage storage hopper 64 into the barrel 41, and then the plunger 35 advances forward, pushing the adsorbed material and crushing it into homogeneous form through shearing, high-speed impact and cavitation explosion in sequence. By controlling the capacity of the single-processed material, the quality of the homogenization can be better controlled. A three-stage storage hopper 64 is arranged above the plunger mechanism 4, and the three-stage storage hopper 64 is directly connected to the plunger mechanism 4 for directly supplying a fixed amount of material. The first-stage storage barrel 61 is used to store all materials that need to be homogenized, and the second-stage storage barrel 62 is installed below the first-stage storage barrel 61. A fixed cylinder 624 is installed at the bottom center of the second-stage storage barrel 62 to form a through-hole. When the material passes through the fixed cylinder 624, the material can be transported downward from the center.

[0023] The barrel cover 623 is covered on the fixed barrel 624, and the gap between the bottom end of the barrel cover 623 and the bottom end of the fixed barrel 624 is small. The material is transported from the first-level storage barrel 61 to the second-level storage barrel 62, and the material is stored in the gap between the second-level storage barrel 62 and the barrel cover 623 and the gap between the barrel cover 623 and the fixed barrel 624. The liquid level increases with the increase of the feed amount until the liquid level exceeds the top of the fixed barrel 624. Due to the small gap between the fixed barrel 624 and the barrel cover 623, the liquid completely fills the cavity and flows into the center of the fixed barrel 624. At this time, the material at the secondary storage barrel 62 is affected by the atmospheric pressure above the liquid surface and is continuously supplied between the barrel cover 623 and the fixed barrel 624, thereby generating a siphon effect until the material originally accumulated in the secondary storage barrel 62 is completely discharged, thereby quantitatively supplying the required material to the plunger mechanism 4 for homogenization processing.

[0024] Example 2: According to Figure 4 、 Figure 5 and Figure 9 As shown, the plunger mechanism 4 includes a barrel 41 and a shearing barrel 43. The barrel 41 and the shearing barrel 43 are connected to form a reducer 42. A material cavity 410 is provided inside the barrel 41. The plunger 35 is slidably connected inside the material cavity 410. A tapered cavity 420 is provided inside the reducer 42. A shearing cavity 430 is provided inside the shearing barrel 43. A three-stage storage hopper 64 is connected to the material cavity 410. The three-stage storage hopper 64 is funnel-shaped, and its bottom end is a neck tube structure. The homogenizing mechanism 5 includes a homogenizing shell 51 and an impact ring 53. The impact ring 53 is arranged in the middle of the inner cavity of the homogenizing shell 51. An impact cavity 510 is formed between the homogenizing shell 51 and the impact ring 53. The inner side wall of the homogenizing shell 51 is fixedly connected to an inner cone 52. A cavity 520 is formed between the inner cone 52 and the impact ring 53. Both ends of the impact cavity 510 are connected to the cavity 520.

[0025] In this embodiment, the specific working principle of the homogenizer is as follows: the plunger 35 moves back and forth in the material chamber 410, the plunger 35 is pulled backward, the one-way valve located at the end of the barrel 41 is closed, the material chamber 410 forms a negative pressure environment, the one-way valve in the three-stage storage hopper 64 is opened, and the negative pressure is used to overcome the resistance at the neck tube, the material is drawn into the material chamber 410, and then the plunger 35 is pushed forward, the one-way valve in the three-stage storage hopper 64 is closed, and the one-way valve at the end of the barrel 41 is opened.

[0026] The stored material is pushed into shear cylinder 43. The material flows from material chamber 410 into tapered chamber 420, and then from tapered chamber 420 into shear chamber 430. Due to the sudden narrowing of the flow path, the flow rate increases dramatically. According to the principles of fluid mechanics, the increased flow rate leads to increased shear stress, which in turn shears the material. This shear force can break large particles or droplets in the material into smaller ones.

[0027] Then the material enters the impact chamber 510 from the shear chamber 430. Since the material directly contacts the impact ring 53, there is a 90-degree bend in the flow direction of the impact chamber 510 and the shear chamber 430. When the high-speed flowing material encounters an obstacle or changes direction in the homogenizer, an impact force is generated. This impact force can break the particles in the material or disperse the droplets.

[0028] The material flows from the impact chamber 510 to the cavity chamber 520. The inner cone 52 is arranged inside the homogenizing shell 51. There are conical structures at the corresponding positions of the inner cone 52 and the impact ring 53 to form cavities. When the material suddenly enters the low-pressure area from the high-pressure area, the pressure in the liquid drops rapidly, causing the gas dissolved in the liquid to form bubbles. As the pressure changes further, the cavity will collapse rapidly, generating local high temperature, high pressure and strong shock waves. The formation and collapse of the cavity will produce a strong pressure shock, causing the particles in the material to break and the droplets to disperse.

[0029] Example 3: According to Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the crank mechanism 3 includes a transmission shaft 31 and a connecting sleeve 33. Cranks 32 of different specifications are installed at equal intervals on the outer wall of the transmission shaft 31. The connecting sleeve 33 is movably connected to the outer wall of the crank 32. One end of the connecting sleeve 33 is rotatably connected to the transmission rod 34, and one end of the transmission rod 34 is rotatably connected to the plunger 35.

[0030] In this embodiment, the material undergoes three actions in the plunger mechanism 4 and the homogenizing mechanism 5 to complete the homogenization process. The pressure obtained by the material is different, and the processing effect obtained is also different. In order to control the formation of the plunger 35 in the plunger mechanism 4, the servo motor 2 is used to drive the transmission shaft 31 to rotate, and multiple cranks 32 of different sizes are installed on the outside of the transmission shaft 31. When the connecting sleeve 33 cooperates with different cranks 32, the movement amplitude of the transmission rod 34 is different, and the stroke pushed by the plunger 35 in the plunger mechanism 4 is also different. The connecting sleeve 33 is detachably connected to the crank 32 by a screw to adjust the propulsion stroke of the plunger 35.

[0031] Example 4: According to Figure 4 、 Figure 6 、 Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, the top of the frame 1 is fixedly connected to a support platform 63, and the secondary storage barrel 62 is installed above the support platform 63. The primary storage barrel 61 is located above the secondary storage barrel 62 and is fixedly mounted on the upper surface of the support platform 63 via a support column. The bottom end of the primary storage barrel 61 is installed with a drip nozzle 610. The outer wall of the fixed barrel 624 is slidably connected to the sliding barrel 625, and a connecting column 626 is fixedly connected between the barrel cover 623 and the sliding barrel 625. The interior of the secondary storage barrel 62 is rotatably connected to a screw rod 621, and the outer wall of the screw rod 621 is threadedly connected to a slide 622. The slide 622 and the barrel cover 623 are connected by a rod. A bevel gear set is provided at the top of the screw rod 621, and a knob is provided on the outer wall of the secondary storage barrel 62. The knob is transmission-connected to the screw rod 621 via the bevel gear set.

[0032] In this embodiment, in order to adjust the amount of material supplied in a quantitative manner, a screw rod 621 is installed on the inner side of the secondary storage barrel 62. It is only necessary to turn the knob by hand on the outside, and the knob drives the screw rod 621 to rotate through the bevel gear set, and the screw rod 621 drives the slide 622 to move up and down. A transparent glass plate is installed at the corresponding position of the screw rod 621, and a pointer is set at the slide 622. A scale is marked on the glass plate for observing the corresponding height when the slide 622 is adjusted. The slide 622 drives the cylinder cover 623 to move, and the sliding cylinder 625 is sleeved on the outer wall of the fixed cylinder 624, and the sliding cylinder 625 is aligned with the cylinder cover 623. The covers 623 are connected by connecting columns 626, and the slide 622 drives the barrel cover 623 and the sliding barrel 625 to move synchronously, thereby changing the capacity of the material stored in the secondary storage barrel 62 when the material is submerged in the sliding barrel 625. When the material completely submerges the top of the sliding barrel 625, the stored material is introduced into the tertiary storage hopper 64 by using the siphon effect. The height of the sliding barrel 625 is different, and the material capacity of the single output of the tertiary storage hopper 64 is also different, thereby controlling the fixed material amount for a single homogenization process, and adaptively adjusting according to the material properties of the material, so as to obtain a higher homogenization effect.

[0033] Example 5: According to Figure 1-10 The present invention also provides an intelligent control logic based on the homogenizer. This logic realizes precise control and automatic adjustment of each component of the homogenizer through real-time collection, analysis and processing of sensor data to achieve the best homogenization effect and production efficiency. The following is a detailed intelligent control logic process: 1. Initialization and parameter setting System Self-Test: Before starting the homogenizer, the intelligent control system first performs a self-test of all hardware devices, including sensors, actuators, and motors. It checks whether sensors are functioning properly and accurately collecting data; whether actuators (such as the electric screw 621 and the crank 32 clutch) are responding to control commands; and whether servo motor 2 is operating normally. If any equipment malfunction is detected, the system will immediately sound an alarm and display a fault message (such as "screw 621 is stuck" or "pressure sensor abnormal"), prompting the operator to perform maintenance.

[0034] Parameter Input: The operator enters relevant parameters of the material to be processed, such as material type (emulsion, suspension, etc.), viscosity, target particle size, and estimated processing volume, through a human-machine interface (e.g., a touch screen). Based on the input parameters, the system retrieves the optimal processing parameter combination from a pre-set database, including parameters such as plunger 35 stroke, servo motor 2 speed, and feed volume of the secondary storage tank 62. If no exact matching parameters are found in the database, the system will make a preliminary estimate based on the parameters of similar materials and dynamically adjust them based on actual conditions during subsequent operation.

[0035] 2. Adaptive quantitative feeding control Liquid Level Monitoring and Calculation: An ultrasonic level sensor on the inner wall of the secondary storage barrel 62 monitors the liquid level in real time and transmits this data to the PLC controller. The controller, combined with the current position information of the barrel cover 623 (via feedback from the displacement sensor on the outer side of the sliding barrel 625), accurately calculates the volume of material within the secondary storage barrel 62. Simultaneously, based on the preset single-feed quantity requirement, it determines whether the current liquid level has reached the siphon trigger point (i.e., the liquid level exceeds the top of the fixed barrel 624).

[0036] Feed Rate Adjustment: If the calculated actual feed rate deviates from the preset value, the controller drives the electric screw 621 to adjust the height of the drum cover 623. If the actual feed rate is less than the preset value, the drum cover 623 rises, increasing the material storage space between the secondary storage barrel 62 and the drum cover 623, allowing more material to flow through the center of the fixed barrel 624 into the tertiary storage hopper 64. If the actual feed rate exceeds the preset value, the drum cover 623 lowers, reducing the storage space and, consequently, the feed rate. This entire adjustment process forms a closed-loop control, ensuring that the error in each feed rate is within ±2%.

[0037] Plunger 35 stroke matching: During material feeding, the system uses an encoder to monitor the speed of the servo motor 2 and the angle of the drive shaft 31 in real time, based on the current feed rate and material characteristics. Combined with the specifications of the crank 32 (detachably connected via the connecting sleeve 33), the system accurately calculates the plunger 35 stroke. This ensures that the plunger 35 stroke matches the feed rate from the three-stage hopper 64, allowing the material to enter the material chamber 410 of the plunger mechanism 4 at the appropriate pressure.

[0038] 3. Dynamic Optimization of Homogenization Process Pressure Monitoring and Feedback: Piezoresistive pressure sensors in the material chamber 410 and cavitation chamber 520 collect real-time pressure data and transmit it to the PLC controller. The controller compares the collected pressure values with preset target pressures (such as the shear pressure in the shear chamber 430 and the cavitation explosion pressure in the cavitation chamber 520) to determine whether the current homogenization process is optimal.

[0039] Parameter adjustment strategy: (1) Insufficient pressure: If the pressure of the cavitation chamber 520 is detected to be lower than 90% of the target value, the system will determine that the homogenization pressure is insufficient. At this time, the controller will control the crank 32 switching device to automatically select a larger crank 32 to increase the stroke of the plunger 35, thereby increasing the shear force of the material in the tapered cavity 420 and the shear cavity 430 and the impact pressure of the impact ring 53. At the same time, the speed of the servo motor 2 is appropriately increased to speed up the material flow rate and enhance the cavitation explosion effect. (2) Excessive pressure: If the pressure of the shear cavity 430 exceeds the safety value (110% of the target value), the system will determine that the pressure is too high, which may cause flow channel blockage or equipment overload. At this time, the controller will reduce the speed of the servo motor 2, reduce the material suction speed, and switch to a smaller crank 32, reduce the stroke of the plunger 35, and reduce the push pressure of the material cavity 410 to ensure safe operation of the equipment.

[0040] Real-time dynamic adjustment: The system continuously monitors pressure changes and performs parameter calibration every 50ms to adapt to interference factors such as material viscosity fluctuations (such as viscosity changes caused by emulsion stratification) and equipment wear (such as aging of check valve seals), ensuring the stability of the material particle size distribution after homogenization (D90 fluctuation ≤ 5%).

[0041] 4. Fault diagnosis and treatment The system has multiple pre-set fault models, including: 1. Stuck check valve (check valve at the end of barrel 41 or check valve at the third-stage hopper 64): High-frequency oscillation in pressure sensor data (fluctuation amplitude >15%); 2. Abnormal liquid level: The liquid level in the second-stage hopper 62 exceeds the maximum scale (drip nozzle 610 of the first-stage hopper 61 is clogged) or falls below the minimum scale (material depletion); 3. Motor overload: The current of servo motor 2 exceeds 120% of the rated value (possibly due to an overtightened seal of plunger 35 or increased resistance caused by solidified material). 4. Fault Detection and Alarm: The PLC controller analyzes sensor data in real time. Once a fault model is triggered, it immediately issues an alarm via the audible and visual alarm on rack 1 and sends a text message to the operator's mobile phone via the 4G module. The touchscreen also displays the fault code and corresponding component location, providing guidance for quick troubleshooting. 5. Emergency Response: Upon detecting a fault, the system automatically executes a shutdown process: shutting down servo motor 2, stopping the drive of screw 621, and then cutting off the material supply from drip nozzle 610 of the first-stage hopper 61 to prevent further escalation of the fault.

[0042] 5. Data Management and Analysis Data collection and storage: The system collects the following data in real time and stores it on an industrial-grade SD card (16GB) and in the cloud: Equipment status: servo motor 2 speed, crank 32 specifications, plunger 35 stroke, cylinder cover 623 height (screw rod 621 position); Process parameters: pressure in the material chamber 410, flow rate in the shear chamber 430, and pressure fluctuation in the cavitation chamber 520; Material parameters: processing time, cumulative processing volume, current batch number.

[0043] Data analysis and mining: Upload data to the factory MES system through the edge computing gateway, supporting: Homogenization quality traceability: Enter the batch number to query key parameters such as the impact pressure of the impact ring 53 and the number of collapses of the cavitation cavity 520 during the corresponding period; Equipment health analysis: Fitting the wear curve through the plunger 35 displacement sensor data provides early warning to replace the seal ring (for example, maintenance prompt when the displacement error is greater than 0.5mm).

[0044] Remote Monitoring and Management: Operators can use the mobile app to view real-time video of the equipment operation on rack 1 (requires installation of a camera), remotely adjust the specifications of crank 32 (such as temporarily switching to "high viscosity mode"), or download historical pressure curves.

[0045] 6. Stop and reset Normal shutdown process: When the preset processing volume is completed or the system is manually shut down, the system executes the following steps in sequence: 1. The servo motor 2 decelerates and stops, and the plunger 35 stops at the initial position of the material chamber 410; 2. The electric screw 621 drives the cylinder cover 623 to reset to the lowest scale (detected by the limit switch); 3. The bottom drain valve of the three-stage storage hopper 64 (optional) is opened to drain the residual material.

[0046] Reset and initialization: After shutdown, the system automatically calibrates the sensor zero point (for example, the liquid level sensor re-detects the bottom reference surface of the secondary storage barrel 62) and restores the control parameters to the factory default values (for example, the crank 32 is connected to the middle specification by default, and the initial height of the screw 621 corresponds to a feed volume of 50mL) to prepare for the next operation.

[0047] The device's operating method and principle are as follows: By adjusting the screw 621 within the secondary storage barrel 62, the height of the barrel cover 623 is changed to control the amount of material processed in a single homogenization process. A servo motor 2 rotates the transmission shaft 31 within the toggle mechanism 3. By adjusting the crank 32 and connecting sleeve 33 of varying specifications, the range of motion of the transmission rod 34 and the stroke of the plunger 35 within the plunger mechanism 4 can be adjusted. Material is stored in the primary storage barrel 61 and flows into the secondary storage barrel 62 through the drip nozzle 610. When the material level exceeds the top of the fixed barrel 624, the material is siphoned from the secondary storage barrel 62 into the tertiary storage hopper 64, which is connected to the plunger mechanism 4. When the plunger 35 returns within the material chamber 410 of the barrel 41, negative pressure forms in the chamber 410, opening the one-way valve of the three-stage storage hopper 64 and allowing the material to be drawn in. When the plunger 35 advances, the one-way valve of the three-stage storage hopper 64 closes, and the one-way valve at the end of the barrel 41 opens, pushing the material into the shearing barrel 43. The material enters the shearing chamber 430 through the tapered cavity 420 of the reducer 42. The narrowing of the flow path and the increase in flow velocity create a shearing effect, tearing apart large particles. The material then enters the impact chamber 510 of the homogenizing mechanism 5, where it comes into contact with the impact ring 53. The change in flow direction generates an impact force that breaks up the particles. Finally, the material enters the cavitation chamber 520, where it moves from the high-pressure zone to the low-pressure zone, forming bubbles. The collapse of the cavitation generates a shock wave, further breaking up the material particles and dispersing the droplets, completing the homogenization process. Simultaneously, the height of the barrel cover 623 can be adjusted by adjusting the screw 621 within the two-stage storage barrel 62 to control the amount of material processed in a single homogenization process and optimize the homogenization effect.

[0048] Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, it is still possible for those skilled in the art to modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or to make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features therein. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A micro-jet high-pressure homogenizer, comprising a frame (1), a plunger mechanism (4) and a homogenizing mechanism (5) mounted on the frame (1), a servo motor (2) mounted on the frame (1), a crank mechanism (3) in transmission connection with the servo motor (2), the crank mechanism (3) being used to propel the material to feed the plunger mechanism (4), the plunger mechanism (4) being used to initially crush the material by shearing action, and the homogenizing mechanism (5) being used to completely homogenize the material by impact action and cavitation explosion action, characterized in that: A quantitative feeding mechanism (6) is provided above the plunger mechanism (4), and the quantitative feeding mechanism (6) includes a first-stage storage barrel (61), a second-stage storage barrel (62), and a third-stage storage hopper (64). The third-stage storage hopper (64) is installed on the outer wall of the plunger mechanism (4) and communicates with the inner cavity. A one-way valve is installed at the end of the third-stage storage hopper (64) and the plunger mechanism (4). The second-stage storage barrel (62) is installed above the first-stage storage barrel (61). A fixed cylinder (624) is installed at the center of the bottom end of the secondary storage barrel (62), and a cylinder cover (623) is placed above the fixed cylinder (624). A gap for material circulation is formed between the cylinder cover (623) and the fixed cylinder (624). The material flows into the tertiary storage hopper (64) through the center of the fixed cylinder (624). The secondary storage barrel (62) is used to quantitatively supply material to the tertiary storage hopper (64).

2. A microfluidic high-pressure homogenizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The crank mechanism (3) includes a transmission shaft (31) and a connecting sleeve (33). Cranks (32) of different specifications are installed at equal intervals on the outer wall of the transmission shaft (31). The connecting sleeve (33) is movably sleeved on the outer wall of the crank (32). One end of the connecting sleeve (33) is rotatably connected to a transmission rod (34), and one end of the transmission rod (34) is rotatably connected to a plunger (35).

3. A microfluidic high-pressure homogenizer according to claim 2, characterized in that: The plunger mechanism (4) comprises a barrel (41) and a shearing barrel (43); the barrel (41) and the shearing barrel (43) are connected to form a reducing tube (42); a material cavity (410) is provided inside the barrel (41); the plunger (35) is slidably connected inside the material cavity (410); a tapered cavity (420) is provided inside the reducing tube (42); a shearing cavity (430) is provided inside the shearing barrel (43); and a three-stage storage hopper (64) is in communication with the material cavity (410).

4. The microfluidizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The third-stage storage hopper (64) is in the shape of a funnel, and its bottom end is a neck tube structure.

5. The microfluidizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The homogenizing mechanism (5) comprises a homogenizing shell (51) and an impact ring (53). The impact ring (53) is arranged in the middle of the inner cavity of the homogenizing shell (51). An impact cavity (510) is formed between the homogenizing shell (51) and the impact ring (53). An inner conical cone (52) is fixedly connected to the inner side wall of the homogenizing shell (51). A cavity (520) is formed between the inner conical cone (52) and the impact ring (53). Both ends of the impact cavity (510) are connected to the cavity (520).

6. The microfluidizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the frame (1) is fixedly connected to a bearing platform (63), and the secondary storage barrel (62) is installed above the bearing platform (63).

7. The microfluidizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first-level storage barrel (61) is located above the second-level storage barrel (62). The first-level storage barrel (61) is fixedly mounted on the upper surface of the bearing platform (63) via a support column. A drip irrigation nozzle (610) is mounted at the bottom end of the first-level storage barrel (61).

8. The microfluidizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer side wall of the fixed cylinder (624) is slidably connected to the sliding cylinder (625), and a connecting column (626) is fixedly connected between the cylinder cover (623) and the sliding cylinder (625).

9. The microfluidizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The secondary storage barrel (62) is internally rotatably connected to a screw rod (621), the outer wall of the screw rod (621) is threadedly connected to a slide seat (622), and the slide seat (622) and the barrel cover (623) are connected via a rod.

10. The microfluidizer according to claim 9, characterized in that: A bevel gear set is provided at the top end of the screw rod (621), and a knob is provided on the outer side wall of the secondary storage barrel (62), and the knob is transmission-connected to the screw rod (621) via the bevel gear set.

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