Guiding fixator for placing fixing screw in calcaneal fracture

Abstract

The invention discloses a guiding fixator for calcaneal fracture internal fixation screw imbedding, and relates to the technical field of medical instruments, the guiding fixator comprises a holding part, and further comprises a fixing sleeve fixedly connected to one end of the holding part and used for sleeving a steel needle; the arc-shaped sliding rail is arranged at the other end of the holding part, T-shaped grooves are formed in the two sides of the arc-shaped sliding rail, and the arc-shaped sliding rail is detachably connected with the holding part; after needle threading is completed, the positioning sleeve is pushed out of the sliding sleeve, at the moment, the screws are guided through the sliding sleeve, an operator can conveniently drill and place the screws at the positions, interference among the screws can be ingeniously avoided through design of a screw placing channel and a falling point, repeated screw placing is reduced, the screw loosening risk is reduced, meanwhile, the multiple sliding seats slide on the arc-shaped sliding rail, and the screw threading efficiency is improved. And the wide screw placement requirements from the calcaneus tuberosity to the outer side wall and further to the calcaneus prolapse can be met.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of medical devices, and in particular to a guide fixator for inserting an internal fixation screw for a calcaneal fracture. Background Art

[0002] Calcaneus fractures are common, and a significant number require surgical treatment. Currently, calcaneal surgery is minimally invasive, requiring small or no incision reduction and internal fixation. The internal fixation device is typically a fully threaded screw, which must be precisely placed to achieve stable fixation.

[0003] Reference is made to a patent application with publication number CN201410469658.7, which discloses a calcaneal talar process screw guide. The guide comprises a semicircular support arm and a positioning arm connected to the end of the semicircular support arm. The end of the positioning arm has a tip located at the center of the semicircular support arm. The semicircular support arm is provided with a semicircular chute. A slider is embedded in the chute and can slide in an arc along the chute. The slider is provided with a guide hole facing the tip of the positioning arm. The tip of the positioning arm is first fixed to a surface landmark of the talar process. The position of the semicircular support arm is adjusted so that it is placed on the outside of the calcaneus. The guide drill is then introduced into the guide hole. The slider can drive the guide drill to move in an arc of 0 to 180 degrees within the chute. The desired talar process screw hole during the operation is used as the fixed position of the slider. After the slider is fixed with the screw, a drill bit is inserted through the guide drill to drill the hole, thereby obtaining a satisfactory talar process screw channel, providing favorable conditions for accurate talar process screw implantation.

[0004] The existing ones have the following defects: poor guidance accuracy. Conventional Kirschner wire guidance can easily cause the direction of screw placement to deviate from the fracture line, resulting in loss of reduction when pressure is applied, and repeated screw placement increases the risk of screw loosening; insufficient stability. Shaking of instruments during surgery leads to positioning errors, especially in obese patients who are more prone to displacement due to soft tissue resistance; lack of safety monitoring. Existing equipment lacks a real-time force feedback mechanism, and excessive pressure on the bone surface may cause iatrogenic injuries.

[0005] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a guide fixator for inserting internal fixation screws for calcaneal fractures to solve the above technical problems. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The object of the present invention is to provide a guide fixator for inserting internal fixation screws for calcaneal fractures, so as to solve the problems of the defects of the prior art mentioned in the above background technology.

[0007] Based on the above ideas, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a guide fixator for inserting an internal fixation screw for a calcaneal fracture, comprising a gripping portion and further comprising:

[0008] A fixed sleeve, which is fixedly connected to one end of the gripping portion and is used to sheath the steel needle;

[0009] The arc-shaped slide rail is arranged at the other end of the grip portion, and T-shaped slots are opened on both sides of the arc-shaped slide rail, and the arc-shaped slide rail and the grip portion are detachably connected;

[0010] A sliding sleeve, the outer side of which is fixedly connected to a sliding seat, which is slidably connected to the outer side of the arc-shaped slide rail through a T-shaped slot;

[0011] The positioning sleeve is movably arranged inside the sliding sleeve, and a locking groove is provided on the outside of the positioning sleeve, and a through groove is provided in the middle of the positioning sleeve for guiding the Kirschner wire;

[0012] The sliding sleeve is provided with a mounting ring inside, and a return spring is fixedly connected between the mounting ring and the inside of the sliding sleeve. The mounting ring is provided with a connecting assembly for locking with the positioning sleeve. One end of the positioning sleeve is provided with a driving connecting member and a pushing member for locking the positioning sleeve.

[0013] A contact plate is slidably connected inside the sliding sleeve, an adjustment ring is provided on one side of the contact plate, a fixing rod is fixedly connected between the adjustment ring and the contact plate, and a positioning piece is provided on the outside of the contact plate for positioning the mounting ring after contact with the contact plate.

[0014] As a further solution of the present invention: the connecting assembly includes a plurality of placement grooves opened on the inner side of the mounting ring, and locking balls are provided inside the plurality of placement grooves. A connecting rod is fixedly connected to the outside of the locking ball, and a mounting tube is provided at one end of the connecting rod. The connecting rod passes through the mounting tube at one end and is slidably connected to the mounting tube, and the connecting rod is provided inside the mounting tube and fixedly connected to an extrusion plate at one end. The mounting tube is fixedly connected to the inside of the placement groove, and a first spring is sleeved on the outside of the mounting tube, and both ends of the first spring are fixedly connected to the placement groove and the locking ball respectively.

[0015] As a further solution of the present invention: the pushing member includes a storage frame, the storage frame is fixedly connected to one end of the positioning sleeve, and the storage frame is filled with liquid, the outer side of the storage frame is threadedly connected to a threaded sleeve, the top of the threaded sleeve is fixedly connected to a connecting frame, the inner side of the connecting frame is rotatably connected to a rotating ring, the storage frame is slidably connected to a pushing plate, the bottom of the rotating ring is fixedly connected to a support rod, the support rod passes through one side of the storage frame and is slidably connected to the storage frame, and the pushing plate is fixedly connected to multiple mounting tubes through a connecting pipe.

[0016] As a further solution of the present invention: a metal plate and a pressure sensor are fixedly connected to the top of the contact plate, the pressure sensor is used to monitor the pressure after the mounting ring contacts, and a plurality of movable grooves are opened on the top of the contact plate.

[0017] As a further solution of the present invention: the positioning part includes a rotating handle, which is sleeved on the outside of the sliding sleeve and is fixedly connected to the adjusting ring through a support plate, and a threaded groove is provided on the outside of the adjusting ring, and a corresponding external thread is provided inside the positioning sleeve. When the rotating handle drives the adjusting ring to move through the support plate, the distance between the contact plate and the mounting ring is adjusted, and the adjusting ring is fixedly connected to an electromagnet on the side close to the contact plate, and a metal rod is fixedly connected to the outside of the electromagnet, and a metal rod is fixedly connected between the metal rod and the metal plate. When the electromagnet is energized, the metal plate is magnetized through the metal rod.

[0018] As a further solution of the present invention: multiple pushing heads are provided on one side of the adjusting ring, and the multiple pushing heads pass through the contact plate through the movable groove. A second spring is fixedly connected between the pushing head and the electromagnet. After the bottom of the pushing head contacts the electromagnet, the pushing head is magnetically adsorbed to the electromagnet.

[0019] As a further solution of the present invention: the gripping portion is provided with a positioning groove near one end of the arc-shaped slide rail, and a positioning block is fixedly connected to one end of the arc-shaped slide rail. The positioning block is adapted to the positioning groove, and the positioning block and the gripping portion are fixedly connected by a fixing bolt.

[0020] As a further solution of the present invention: the outer side of the holding part is slidably connected to a sliding frame, and both sides of the inside of the sliding frame are fixedly connected to detection blocks that are adapted to the T-slots, and the end of the arc-shaped slide rail away from the holding part is fixedly connected to a magnetic plate, and the magnetic plate is magnetically adsorbed to the sliding frame.

[0021] As a further solution of the present invention: a measuring tape is rotatably connected to the outer side of the gripping portion, and one end of the measuring tape is rotatably connected to the sliding frame.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0023] 1. The steel needle passes through the through slot opened in the middle of the positioning sleeve, which is convenient for guiding and positioning the steel needle. The arc-shaped slide rail curve can make the nail placement direction as perpendicular to the fracture line as possible, avoiding loss of reduction due to pressure and insufficient support force. When the needle is inserted, the positioning sleeve is pushed out of the sliding sleeve. At this time, the screw is guided by the sliding sleeve to facilitate the operator to drill into the bone position. The nail placement channel and landing point are designed to cleverly avoid interference between screws, reduce repeated nail placement, and reduce the risk of screw loosening. At the same time, multiple slides slide on the arc-shaped slide rail, which can meet a wide range of nail placement needs from the calcaneal tuberosity to the lateral wall and further to the calcaneal protrusion.

[0024] 2. The locking groove on the outside of the positioning sleeve and the mounting ring connector form a primary mechanical lock to ensure that no axial displacement occurs after the sleeve contacts the bone surface; the positioning piece of the contact plate serves as a secondary fixation, achieving radial stability through the conductive force of the mounting ring, thereby reducing intraoperative shaking.

[0025] 3. The rotating handle drives the adjusting ring to rotate and rise inside the sliding sleeve, so that the adjusting ring pushes the contact plate to move through the fixed rod, adjusts the contact distance between the contact plate and the mounting ring, and presets a safety range. When the mounting ring moves to one side of the contact plate, it contacts the metal plate. Since the electromagnet is energized to generate magnetic attraction and magnetizes the metal plate through the metal rod, when the mounting ring contacts the metal plate, it is magnetically fixed. At the same time, a pressure sensor is provided on the contact plate, which can detect the impact force applied to the positioning sleeve during the guiding process for monitoring.

[0026] 4. The detection block slides smoothly inside the T-slot to ensure that there is no local deformation of the curvature of the arc slide rail. At the same time, the sliding frame drives the tape measure on the retracted tape measure to keep the distance between the starting point of the retracted tape measure and the straight-line distance between one end of the arc slide rail consistent. The personnel judge the degree of curvature deformation of the arc slide rail based on the data on the tape measure. Each time before use, it is tested to ensure that the guide position can be kept accurate each time. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.

[0028] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of the sliding sleeve of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the arc-shaped slide rail of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 4 2. It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the grip portion of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the sliding sleeve and sliding seat structure of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 6 It is a schematic structural diagram of the positioning sleeve and the sliding sleeve of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 7 It is a schematic cross-sectional structural diagram of the sliding sleeve of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the pusher of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the connection assembly structure of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 10 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the storage frame of the present invention.

[0038] Figure: 1, grip; 101, positioning slot; 102, fixing bolt; 2, curved slide rail; 201, T-slot; 202, positioning block; 203, magnetic plate; 3, sliding sleeve; 301, slide seat; 4, positioning sleeve; 401, locking slot; 5, mounting ring; 501, placement slot; 502, mounting cylinder; 503, connecting rod; 504, locking ball; 505, extrusion plate; 506, first spring; 601, adjustment ring; 6011 , electromagnet; 6012, fixed rod; 6013, metal rod; 602, contact plate; 6021, metal plate; 6022, pressure sensor; 603, rotating handle; 7, storage frame; 701, push plate; 702, connecting frame; 703, rotating ring; 704, threaded sleeve; 705, connecting pipe; 801, second spring; 802, pushing head; 9, sliding frame; 901, detection block; 902, winding tape; 10, fixed sleeve. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0040] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "opening", "upper", "lower", "thickness", "top", "middle", "length", "inside", "around" and the like indicating orientation or positional relationship are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the components or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0041] like Figures 1 to 10 As shown, a guide fixator for inserting an internal fixation screw for a calcaneal fracture includes the following embodiments:

[0042] Embodiment 1: comprising a grip portion 1, further comprising:

[0043] The fixed sleeve 10 is fixedly connected to one end of the gripping portion 1 and is used to sheath the steel needle and position the entire device;

[0044] The arc-shaped slide rail 2 is provided at the other end of the grip portion 1, and T-shaped slots 201 are provided on both sides of the arc-shaped slide rail 2, and the arc-shaped slide rail 2 is detachably connected to the grip portion 1;

[0045] The sliding sleeve 3 has a sliding seat 301 fixedly connected to the outside of the sliding sleeve 3. The sliding seat 301 is slidably connected to the outside of the arc-shaped slide rail 2 through the T-shaped slot 201.

[0046] The positioning sleeve 4 is movably arranged inside the sliding sleeve 3, and a locking groove 401 is opened on the outer side of the positioning sleeve 4, and a through groove is opened in the middle of the positioning sleeve 4 for guiding the Kirschner wire;

[0047] A positioning groove 101 is formed at one end of the gripping portion 1 close to the arcuate slide rail 2 , and a positioning block 202 is fixedly connected to one end of the arcuate slide rail 2 . The positioning block 202 is adapted to the positioning groove 101 , and the positioning block 202 is fixedly connected to the gripping portion 1 via a fixing bolt 102 .

[0048] In practice, calcaneal fracture is a common fracture, and a considerable number of calcaneal fractures require surgical treatment. Currently, calcaneal surgery pursues minimally invasive surgery, which requires small incisions or no incisions for reduction and internal fixation. The internal fixator is generally a full-thread screw. The insertion of the full-thread screw needs to be precise enough to achieve the purpose of stable fixation. It can only guide and locate local points. When locating other points, it needs to be disassembled repeatedly. Therefore, this solution adopts a method of fixing a fixed sleeve 10 at one end of the gripping part 1. After the first steel needle is injected into the calcaneus, the fixed sleeve 10 is passed through the steel needle sleeve and installed on the outside, and one end of the fixed sleeve 10 is in contact with the skin to ensure its stability. The position is then adjusted through the installed arc slide rail 2, and the slide seat 301 is slid to the outside of the arc slide rail 2 through the T-slot 201 in turn, and the sliding position of the sliding sleeve 3 is adjusted. By pushing the positioning sleeve 4, one end of the positioning sleeve 4 passes through the skin and contacts the bone surface, and the steel needle passes through the through groove opened in the middle of the positioning sleeve 4, which is convenient for guiding and positioning the steel needle. The curve of the arc-shaped slide rail 2 can make the nail placement direction as perpendicular to the fracture line as possible, avoiding loss of reduction due to pressure and insufficient support force. When the needle is inserted, the positioning sleeve 4 is pushed out of the sliding sleeve 3. At this time, the screw is guided by the sliding sleeve 3 to facilitate the operator to drill into the bone position for nailing. The nail placement channel and landing point can cleverly avoid interference between screws through design, reduce repeated nailing, and reduce the risk of screw loosening. At the same time, multiple slides 301 slide on the arc-shaped slide rail 2, which can meet the wide range of nail placement needs from the calcaneal tuberosity to the outer wall and further to the calcaneal protrusion.

[0049] It is worth mentioning that multiple inner diameter sizes of the sliding sleeve 3 can be set to adapt to positioning sleeves 4 of different sizes and different screws in the later stage. The height between the sliding sleeve 3 and the slide seat 301 is designed with 2-3 heights for each model to slightly stagger the target points to avoid the screw tips being squeezed at one point.

[0050] Embodiment 2: A mounting ring 5 is provided inside the sliding sleeve 3, and a return spring is fixedly connected between the mounting ring 5 and the inside of the sliding sleeve 3. A connecting component for locking with the positioning sleeve 4 is provided inside the mounting ring 5, and a driving member for locking the positioning sleeve 4 with the driving member is provided at one end of the positioning sleeve 4;

[0051] A contact plate 602 is slidably connected inside the sliding sleeve 3, an adjustment ring 601 is provided on one side of the contact plate 602, a fixing rod 6012 is fixedly connected between the adjustment ring 601 and the contact plate 602, and a positioning piece is provided on the outside of the contact plate 602 for positioning the mounting ring 5 after contact with the contact plate 602.

[0052] In specific implementation, during the operation, when the personnel pushes the positioning sleeve 4 from the inside of the sliding sleeve 3, the positioning sleeve 4 will pass through the outside and contact the bone. After contact, it is necessary to ensure the overall stability of the positioning sleeve 4 after contact. Therefore, in this solution, a plurality of locking grooves 401 are opened on the outside of the positioning sleeve 4. When the positioning sleeve 4 reaches the outside of the skin, the connecting piece on the mounting ring 5 is connected and locked through the locking groove 401 on the positioning sleeve 4 through the pushing piece, so that the positioning sleeve 4 and the mounting ring 5 move together. When the mounting ring 5 moves to the contact plate 602, the positioning piece on the contact plate 602 is used to move the mounting ring 5 to the specified position and fix it to avoid shaking of the positioning sleeve 4 and causing injury.

[0053] Multi-level contact locking design

[0054] The locking groove 401 on the outside of the positioning sleeve 4 forms a primary mechanical lock with the connecting piece of the mounting ring 5, ensuring that no axial displacement occurs after the sleeve contacts the bone surface;

[0055] The positioning piece of the contact plate 602 acts as a secondary fixation, achieving radial stability through the conductive force of the mounting ring 5, thus reducing shaking during the operation;

[0056] In this embodiment: the connecting component includes a plurality of placement grooves 501 opened on the inner side of the mounting ring 5, and a locking ball 504 is provided inside each of the placement grooves 501. A connecting rod 503 is fixedly connected to the outside of the locking ball 504. A mounting cylinder 502 is provided at one end of the connecting rod 503. The connecting rod 503 passes through the mounting cylinder 502 at one end and is slidably connected to the mounting cylinder 502. The connecting rod 503 is provided inside the mounting cylinder 502 and is fixedly connected to an extrusion plate 505 at one end. The mounting cylinder 502 is fixedly connected to the inside of the placement groove 501. The outside of the mounting cylinder 502 is sleeved with a first spring 506. The two ends of the first spring 506 are respectively fixedly connected to the placement groove 501 and the locking ball 504.

[0057] The pushing member includes a storage frame 7, which is fixedly connected to one end of the positioning sleeve 4, and the interior of the storage frame 7 is filled with liquid. The outer side of the storage frame 7 is threadedly connected to a threaded sleeve 704, the top of the threaded sleeve 704 is fixedly connected to a connecting frame 702, the inner side of the connecting frame 702 is rotatably connected to a rotating ring 703, the interior of the storage frame 7 is slidably connected to a pushing plate 701, the bottom of the rotating ring 703 is fixedly connected to a support rod, the support rod passes through one side of the storage frame 7 and is slidably connected to the storage frame 7, and the pushing plate 701 and the multiple mounting cylinders 502 are fixedly connected through a connecting pipe 705.

[0058] When the locking sphere 504 is in contact with the outer surface of the fixing plate 502, the fixing plate 504 is in contact with the fixing plate 502, and the fixing plate 502 is in contact with the fixing plate 502.

[0059] The liquid in the storage frame 7 is injected into the installation cylinder 502 through the connecting pipe 705 . When the hydraulic pressure is ≥ 0.5 MPa, the extrusion plate 505 is pushed, so that the locking ball 504 generates a radial locking force.

[0060] The spherical contact design between the locking ball 504 and the locking groove 401 reduces the risk of stress concentration.

[0061] Embodiment 3: A metal plate 6021 and a pressure sensor 6022 are fixedly connected to the top of the contact plate 602 . The pressure sensor 6022 is used to monitor the pressure after the mounting ring 5 contacts the contact plate 602 . A plurality of movable grooves are provided on the top of the contact plate 602 .

[0062] The positioning part includes a rotating handle 603, which is sleeved on the outside of the sliding sleeve 3 and is fixedly connected to the adjusting ring 601 through a support plate. A threaded groove is provided on the outside of the adjusting ring 601, and a corresponding external thread is provided inside the positioning sleeve 4. When the rotating handle 603 drives the adjusting ring 601 to move through the support plate, the distance between the contact plate 602 and the mounting ring 5 is adjusted. An electromagnet 6011 is fixedly connected to the side of the adjusting ring 601 close to the contact plate 602, and a metal rod 6013 is fixedly connected to the outside of the electromagnet 6011. A metal rod 6013 is fixedly connected between the metal rod 6013 and the metal plate 6021. When the electromagnet 6011 is energized, the metal plate 6021 is magnetized through the metal rod 6013.

[0063] In specific implementation, when the positioning sleeve 4 contacts the skin, the operator can observe, and when it contacts the bone, experience and feel are needed. Therefore, this solution adjusts the distance between the contact plate 602 and the mounting ring 5 in advance. When the positioning sleeve 4 contacts the skin and is locked with the mounting ring 5, it can be set in advance when moving to avoid excessive force and damage to the bone. The operator rotates the rotating handle 603 in advance, and the rotating handle 603 drives the adjusting ring 601 to rotate and rise inside the sliding sleeve 3, so that the adjusting ring 601 is pushed by the fixing rod 6012. The contact plate 602 moves, and the contact distance between the contact plate 602 and the mounting ring 5 is adjusted. A safety range is preset. When the mounting ring 5 moves to one side of the contact plate 602, it contacts the metal plate 6021. Since the electromagnet 6011 is energized to generate magnetic attraction, and the metal plate 6021 is magnetized through the metal rod 6013, the mounting ring 5 is magnetically fixed after contact with the metal plate 6021. At the same time, a pressure sensor 6022 is provided on the contact plate 602. The pressure sensor 6022 can detect the impact force applied to the positioning sleeve 4 during the guiding process for monitoring;

[0064] The specific steps are as follows:

[0065] 1. Preoperative setting stage

[0066] According to the CT data, the bone surface hardness is predicted and the initial position of the contact plate is set by turning the 603.

[0067] 2. Intraoperative execution phase

[0068] After the positioning sleeve 4 contacts the skin, the mounting ring 5 is automatically locked. The operator only needs to hold it with one hand and push it forward until the contact plate triggers the magnetic attraction.

[0069] 3. Exception handling

[0070] When the pressure sensor 6022 detects an impact force greater than 15N for three consecutive times, the electromagnet automatically cuts off the power and releases the mounting ring, forcibly interrupting the operation.

[0071] In this embodiment, multiple pushing heads 802 are provided on one side of the adjustment ring 601, and the multiple pushing heads 802 pass through the contact plate 602 through the movable groove. A second spring 801 is fixedly connected between the pushing head 802 and the electromagnet 6011. After the bottom of the pushing head 802 contacts the electromagnet 6011, the pushing head 802 is magnetically adsorbed to the electromagnet 6011.

[0072] During specific implementation, when the mounting ring 5 moves together with the positioning sleeve 4, in order to ensure that the operator can maintain stable pushing, a pushing head 802 is provided to contact the mounting ring 5, thereby forming a certain resistance to the movement of the mounting ring 5. When the mounting ring 5 pushes the pushing head 802 to move, the bottom of the pushing head 802 is magnetically attracted by the electromagnet 6011. When the pushing head 802 completely passes through the contact plate 602, it is magnetically attracted to the electromagnet 6011. At the same time, when the pressure sensor 6022 is in the monitoring process, when the impact force or shaking of the positioning sleeve 4 causes excessive pressure changes, the electromagnet 6011 is powered off at this time, and the pushing head 802 quickly pushes the mounting ring 5 back during the compression of the second spring 801 to prevent the positioning sleeve 4 from causing damage to the bone.

[0073] The outer side of the gripping part 1 is slidably connected to a sliding frame 9, and both sides of the sliding frame 9 are fixedly connected to detection blocks 901 that are compatible with the T-shaped slot 201. The end of the arc-shaped slide rail 2 away from the gripping part 1 is fixedly connected to a magnetic plate 203, and the magnetic plate 203 is magnetically adsorbed to the sliding frame 9.

[0074] A tape measure 902 is rotatably connected to the outer side of the gripping portion 1 , and one end of the tape measure 902 is rotatably connected to the sliding frame 9 .

[0075] During specific implementation, when the slide 301 slides on the curved slide rail 2, in order to ensure that the sliding sleeve 3 can be accurately guided each time, the curvature of the curved slide rail 2 needs to be kept accurate. Therefore, in this solution, a winding tape measure 902 is provided on the gripping portion 1. After the curved slide rail 2 is mounted on one end of the gripping portion 1, the personnel slides the sliding frame 9 so that the detection block 901 on the sliding frame 9 passes through the T-shaped slot 201 provided on the curved slide rail 2. First, the detection block 901 slides smoothly inside the T-shaped slot 201 to ensure that the curvature of the curved slide rail 2 is not locally deformed. At the same time, the sliding frame 9 drives the measuring tape on the winding tape measure 902 so that the distance between the starting point of the measuring tape 902 and the straight-line distance between one end of the curved slide rail 2 are consistent. The personnel judge the degree of deformation of the curvature of the curved slide rail 2 by the data on the measuring tape, and perform a test before each use to ensure that the guiding position can be kept accurate each time.

[0076] Verification of the fit between the detection block 901 and the T-slot 201

[0077] If the detection block is stuck when sliding along the T-slot, it means that the local curvature deviation exceeds ±0.05mm / m and the guide rail needs to be corrected.

[0078] The roughness of the inner wall of the T-slot should be ≤Ra1.6, and the sliding friction coefficient of the detection block should be <0.1214

[0079] Dynamic adaptive design

[0080] The detection block is made of carbide with a wear resistance of more than HRC60 and can withstand more than 2,000 reciprocating tests.

[0081] This solution combines mechanical contact detection with non-contact ranging, and the comprehensive error is controlled within ±0.15mm, meeting the accuracy requirements of the curved guide rail.

[0082] It is worth mentioning that the trajectory of the curved slide rail is determined as follows:

[0083] Through reviewing literature on calcaneal fracture maps and conducting clinical observations, we have found that the fracture line of a calcaneal fracture is generally perpendicular to the line connecting the apex of the narrow tardicular process to the calcaneal tuberosity and the lateral wall surface. When using screws to fix a calcaneal fracture, if the screw placement channel can be aligned approximately toward the apex of the narrow tardicular process, the screw will be most perpendicular to the fracture line while simultaneously securing the lateral fracture fragment to the stable talar fragment. However, the medial wall of the calcaneus has a concave surface. When placing the screw medially to the calcaneal tuberosity, the screw channel can easily cut through the medial wall, leading to postoperative complications due to the screw irritating important tissues such as the medial tendons, blood vessels, and nerves.

[0084] In order to make the screw placement channel meet the following goals: 1. Be as perpendicular to the fracture line as possible; 2. Place the talar process fracture fragment; 3. Avoid cutting out the medial wall; 4. No collision or interference between screws, and to facilitate screw placement from all directions, we conceived how to determine the curve and design the guide rail according to this curve to meet the above requirements.

[0085] This curve is similar to the trajectory of a satellite in the star system as a reference frame when the satellite revolves ninety degrees around the planet.

[0086] A slide rail is designed according to this curve, and a slidable sleeve is placed on the slide rail. As the sleeve slides on the slide rail, the sleeve is perpendicular to the tangent of the point on the curve and points to a specific focus in the narrow spur fracture fragment.

[0087] This focal point is initially 2 cm deep at the top of the load-pitch protrusion, and gradually moves toward the top of the narrow-pitch protrusion as the sliding sleeve slides. The moving distance is proportional to the angle at which the sliding sleeve slides on the slide rail. When the sleeve slides through ninety degrees, the focal point is located 1 cm deep at the narrow-pitch protrusion.

[0088] Design the holding and positioning components of the guide, fix the sleeve to determine the focal axis, and fix the slide rail of the gripping part to the appropriate height relative to the focal axis.

[0089] The positioning point of the designed guide is located at the apex of the talar process, and the axis is formed by passing the fixed sleeve through the Kirschner wire. The guide as a whole can move in a circle around this axis. This axis extends from the apex of the talar process to the deep midpoint of the middle articular surface, to the deep midpoint of the posterior articular surface, and to the lateral wall below the posterior articular surface of the calcaneus.

[0090] After the axial K-wire is inserted, the guide grips the positioning sleeve over the axial K-wire. The slide rail is then assembled and installed. By rotating the guide around its axis and sliding the sliding sleeve on the rail, omnidirectional screw placement can be achieved on the calcaneal tuberosity and lateral wall of the calcaneus. Furthermore, the varying heights of the multiple sliding sleeves prevent the screw tips from interfering with each other.

[0091] The special curved design of the slide rail prevents the screws from cutting out of the inner wall while keeping each screw tip in the appropriate position, further reducing the risk of the screw tips occupying each other's position.

[0092] The equation of the curve is calculated as follows:

[0093]

[0094] Wherein, x is the length of the arc slide rail in the horizontal direction in the plane coordinate system, and y is the length of the arc slide rail in the vertical direction in the plane coordinate system.

[0095] Meanwhile, the contents not described in detail in this specification belong to the prior art known to those skilled in the art.

[0096] Throughout this specification, references to terms such as "one embodiment," "example," or "specific example" indicate that the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in conjunction with that embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, schematic representations of these terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

[0097] The preferred embodiments of the present invention disclosed above are intended only to help illustrate the present invention. These preferred embodiments do not exhaustively describe all details, nor do they limit the present invention to the specific embodiments described. Obviously, many modifications and variations are possible based on the content of this specification. These embodiments are selected and described in detail in this specification to better explain the principles and practical applications of the present invention, thereby enabling those skilled in the art to better understand and utilize the present invention. The present invention is limited only by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.

Claims

1. A guide fixator for inserting an internal fixation screw for a calcaneal fracture, comprising a gripping portion (1) and a fixing sleeve (10), characterized in that: Also includes: An arc-shaped slide rail (2), the arc-shaped slide rail (2) is arranged at the other end of the gripping portion (1), and T-shaped grooves (201) are provided on both sides of the arc-shaped slide rail (2), and the arc-shaped slide rail (2) and the gripping portion (1) are detachably connected; A sliding sleeve (3), the outer side of the sliding sleeve (3) is fixedly connected to a sliding seat (301), and the sliding seat (301) is slidably connected to the outer side of the arc-shaped slide rail (2); A positioning sleeve (4), the positioning sleeve (4) is movably arranged inside the sliding sleeve (3), and a locking groove (401) is provided on the outside of the positioning sleeve (4); The sliding sleeve (3) is provided with a mounting ring (5) inside, a connecting assembly for locking with the positioning sleeve (4) is provided inside the mounting ring (5), and a pushing member for driving the connecting member to lock with the positioning sleeve (4) is provided at one end of the positioning sleeve (4); A contact plate (602) is slidably connected inside the sliding sleeve (3), an adjustment ring (601) is provided on one side of the contact plate (602), a fixing rod (6012) is fixedly connected between the adjustment ring (601) and the contact plate (602), and a positioning piece is provided on the outside of the contact plate (602) for positioning the mounting ring (5) after contact with the contact plate (602).

2. A guide fixator for inserting an internal fixation screw for a calcaneal fracture according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connecting assembly comprises a plurality of placement grooves (501) provided on the inner side of the mounting ring (5), a locking ball (504) is provided inside each of the placement grooves (501), a connecting rod (503) is fixedly connected to the outer side of the locking ball (504), a mounting tube (502) is provided at one end of the connecting rod (503), the connecting rod (503) passes through the mounting tube (502) at one end and is slidably connected to the mounting tube (502), and a squeezing plate (505) is fixedly connected to one end of the connecting rod (503) provided inside the mounting tube (502), the mounting tube (502) is fixedly connected to the inside of the placement groove (501), a first spring (506) is sleeved on the outer side of the mounting tube (502), and the two ends of the first spring (506) are respectively fixedly connected to the placement groove (501) and the locking ball (504).

3. The guide fixator for inserting an internal fixation screw for a calcaneal fracture according to claim 2, characterized in that: The pushing member comprises a storage frame (7), the storage frame (7) is fixedly connected to one end of the positioning sleeve (4), and the storage frame (7) is filled with liquid. The outer side of the storage frame (7) is threadedly connected to a threaded sleeve (704), the top of the threaded sleeve (704) is fixedly connected to a connecting frame (702), the inner side of the connecting frame (702) is rotatably connected to a rotating ring (703), the storage frame (7) is slidably connected to a pushing plate (701), the bottom of the rotating ring (703) is fixedly connected to a supporting rod, the supporting rod passes through one side of the storage frame (7) and is slidably connected to the storage frame (7), and the pushing plate (701) and the plurality of mounting cylinders (502) are fixedly connected via a connecting pipe (705).

4. The guide fixator for inserting an internal fixation screw for a calcaneal fracture according to claim 1, characterized in that: A metal plate (6021) and a pressure sensor (6022) are fixedly connected to the top of the contact plate (602). The pressure sensor (6022) is used to monitor the pressure after the mounting ring (5) contacts the contact plate. A plurality of movable grooves are provided on the top of the contact plate (602), and a reset spring is fixedly connected between the mounting ring (5) and the interior of the sliding sleeve (3).

5. The guide fixator for inserting internal fixation screws for calcaneal fractures according to claim 1, characterized in that: The positioning member comprises a rotating handle (603), which is sleeved on the outside of the sliding sleeve (3) and fixedly connected to the adjusting ring (601) via a support plate. A threaded groove is provided on the outside of the adjusting ring (601), and a corresponding external thread is provided inside the positioning sleeve (4). When the rotating handle (603) drives the adjusting ring (601) to move via the support plate, the distance between the contact plate (602) and the mounting ring (5) is adjusted. An electromagnet (6011) is fixedly connected to the side of the adjusting ring (601) close to the contact plate (602). A metal rod (6013) is fixedly connected to the outside of the electromagnet (6011). A metal rod (6013) is fixedly connected between the metal rod (6013) and the metal plate (6021). When the electromagnet (6011) is energized, the metal plate (6021) is magnetized via the metal rod (6013).

6. The guide fixator for inserting an internal fixation screw for a calcaneal fracture according to claim 5, characterized in that: A plurality of pushing heads (802) are provided on one side of the adjusting ring (601), and the plurality of pushing heads (802) pass through the contact plate (602) through movable slots. A second spring (801) is fixedly connected between the pushing heads (802) and the electromagnet (6011). After the bottom of the pushing heads (802) contacts the electromagnet (6011), the pushing heads (802) and the electromagnet (6011) are magnetically attracted.

7. The guide fixator for inserting an internal fixation screw for a calcaneal fracture according to claim 6, characterized in that: The gripping portion (1) is provided with a positioning groove (101) near one end of the arc-shaped slide rail (2), and a positioning block (202) is fixedly connected to one end of the arc-shaped slide rail (2); the positioning block (202) is adapted to the positioning groove (101), and the positioning block (202) and the gripping portion (1) are fixedly connected via a fixing bolt (102).

8. The guide fixator for inserting an internal fixation screw for a calcaneal fracture according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer side of the gripping portion (1) is slidably connected to a sliding frame (9), and both sides of the interior of the sliding frame (9) are fixedly connected to detection blocks (901) adapted to the T-shaped slot (201), and the end of the arc-shaped slide rail (2) away from the gripping portion (1) is fixedly connected to a magnetic plate (203), and the magnetic plate (203) and the sliding frame (9) are magnetically adsorbed.

9. The guide fixator for inserting an internal fixation screw for a calcaneal fracture according to claim 8, characterized in that: The outer side of the gripping portion (1) is rotatably connected to a tape measure (902), and one end of the tape measure (902) is rotatably connected to a sliding frame (9).

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