Array type 3D solar interface evaporator and preparation method and application thereof

By designing an array-type 3D solar interface evaporator and using porous cuprammonia fiber membrane and temperature gradient to dissolve salt crystals, the problems of low evaporation rate and stability of three-dimensional evaporators in high-concentration brine were solved, thus achieving efficient seawater desalination.

CN120664631APending Publication Date: 2025-09-19DALIAN MARITIME UNIVERSITY
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Patent Information

Application Number
CN202510667014.7
Authority / Receiving Office
CN · China
Patent Type
Applications(China)
Current Assignee / Owner
Filing Date
2025-05-22
Publication Date
2025-09-19

AI Technical Summary

Technical Problem

Existing three-dimensional solar evaporators have low evaporation rates in highly concentrated salt water and cannot operate stably for a long time, mainly because salt crystals block the pores and affect water transmission.

Method used

An array-type 3D solar interface evaporator is designed, which includes a thermal insulation support plate and a porous cuprammonia fiber membrane. The cuprammonia fiber membrane has a porous structure for seawater transmission and vapor diffusion, and dissolves salt crystals through Marangoni convection induced by temperature gradient to avoid clogging.

Benefits of technology

A high-efficiency evaporation rate was achieved in high-concentration brine, maintaining long-term stable operation of the evaporator. The evaporation rate reached 2.53 kg m-2 h-1 in 20 wt.% brine and remained stable after 8 cycles, significantly improving the desalination efficiency.

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Abstract

The invention relates to the field of water treatment, and particularly discloses an array type 3D solar interface evaporator and a preparation method and application thereof.The evaporator comprises a heat insulation supporting plate used for floating on the water surface, a plurality of cylindrical evaporation parts used for seawater evaporation are arranged on the upper surface of the heat insulation supporting plate, and the cylindrical evaporation parts are copper ammonia fiber membranes. The array type 3D solar interface evaporator has remarkable stability, mass transfer of water can be enhanced through a porous structure built inside, a sodium chloride solution is effectively prevented from forming crystals on the surface of the evaporator, and therefore the influence of salt crystallization on the evaporation performance of the evaporator is relieved. In addition, even if the evaporator is circularly operated for 8 times in high-salt water with the concentration of 15wt.%, the stable operation effect of the evaporator can still be kept. Therefore, the prepared array type 3D solar interface evaporator can effectively inhibit salt ion crystallization in the seawater desalination process, and has wide application prospects.
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