Cotton sample cleaning and feeding device and method based on seed cotton detection and metering

Abstract

The invention provides a cotton sample cleaning and feeding device and method based on seed cotton detection and metering, and belongs to the technical field of cotton sample processing equipment. Comprising a working box body, a seed cotton pushing unit, a detecting and pressing unit, a preliminary cleaning and conveying unit, a secondary cleaning and recycling unit, a cotton stripping processing unit, a cotton seed collecting unit and a cotton sample collecting unit are integrated in the working box body, and all the units are transmitted through a synchronous belt wheel set. The method comprises the steps that seed cotton is pushed to the detection unit to be pressed and detect the moisture index, large-particle impurities are separated through the cotton feeding roller and the barbed nail roller of the primary cleaning unit, then multi-stage cleaning is conducted through the rack roller and the cotton doffing roller of the secondary cleaning unit, noil is reduced through the recovery roller, and finally cotton seeds and pure cotton samples are collected in a classified mode after cotton stripping is conducted. By the adoption of the cotton sample cleaning and feeding device and method based on seed cotton detection and metering, the cotton hull cleaning efficiency is improved to 98%, the noil rate is controlled to be 0, the problem that detection is inaccurate due to the fact that an existing device is low in impurity cleaning efficiency and high in noil rate is effectively solved, and the accuracy of seed cotton detection indexes is guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of cotton sample processing equipment, and in particular to a cotton sample cleaning and feeding device and method based on seed cotton detection and metering. Background Art

[0002] With the development of the cotton industry, seed cotton testing and measurement technology plays an increasingly important role in cotton procurement, processing, and quality assessment. As key equipment for cotton quality testing, the performance of seed cotton testing and measurement devices directly impacts the accuracy and reliability of test results. Currently, seed cotton testing and measurement devices are primarily used to measure key indicators such as seed cotton moisture content, trash content, and lint percentage, providing a scientific basis for cotton procurement pricing and processing.

[0003] In existing technology, integrated seed cotton lint moisture and impurity detectors typically include a housing, a feed port, a pressure push rod, a moisture regain measurement plate, a cotton feed roller assembly, a fine impurity separation assembly, a coarse impurity separation assembly, a cotton doffing roller, a working box assembly, a seed removal assembly, and a clean cotton output assembly. These instruments can integrate the moisture, impurity, and lint content measurements of seed cotton samples into a single instrument, automating the entire testing process and eliminating human interference. This type of detector has been widely used in seed cotton testing, but the accompanying cotton sample cleaning and feeding device still presents some technical challenges in practical application.

[0004] First, the impurity cleaning structure design is relatively simple, mostly single-stage screening or extensive separation, which cannot achieve deep cleaning, resulting in a large amount of impurities such as cotton hulls remaining in the cotton sample. The impurities carried by the cotton seeds after trial rolling directly interfere with the accuracy of the test results. Secondly, the existing devices generally lack targeted recycling designs. During the cleaning process, some single-particle cotton is discharged along with the impurities, which not only causes a waste of seed cotton resources, but also reduces the matching degree between the test data and the actual cotton sample due to sample loss. In addition, the existing devices have insufficient uniformity control during the seed cotton transportation process, which easily leads to uneven detection pressure and affects the accuracy of moisture index detection. Finally, most devices fail to achieve the coordinated work of various functional units and the optimized design of power transmission, resulting in high energy consumption and increased maintenance costs.

[0005] Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a cotton sample cleaning and feeding device that can achieve deep cleaning, efficient recovery, and uniform feeding of seed cotton, so as to improve the accuracy and reliability of seed cotton detection and measurement, and meet the high standards of seed cotton quality detection in the modern cotton industry. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In order to overcome the shortcomings of the existing technology, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a cotton sample cleaning and feeding device and method based on seed cotton detection and measurement, which can improve the cotton hull cleaning efficiency to 98% and control the cotton drop rate to 0, effectively solving the problem of low cleaning efficiency and high cotton drop rate of existing devices leading to inaccurate detection, and ensuring the accuracy of seed cotton detection indicators.

[0007] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solutions:

[0008] A cotton sample cleaning and feeding device based on seed cotton detection and measurement, comprising a working box, wherein the working box is provided with:

[0009] A seed cotton pushing unit is used to push the seed cotton from the storage location to the detection area;

[0010] The detection and pressing unit is used to receive the pushed seed cotton and complete the seed cotton moisture index detection through the pressing action in conjunction with the external system;

[0011] The primary cleaning and conveying unit is used to receive the tested seed cotton, convey it through roller transmission and simultaneously complete the initial impurity separation;

[0012] Secondary cleaning and recovery unit, used to deeply clean the seed cotton that has been initially processed and to recover the seed cotton that has fallen off during the transmission process;

[0013] The cotton stripping unit is used to receive the seed cotton after secondary cleaning and push it to the cotton stripping structure through power to complete the fiber stripping process;

[0014] The cotton seed collecting unit is used to receive the cotton seeds after stripping the fibers and realizes directional collection of the cotton seeds through the discharge structure;

[0015] A cotton sample collecting unit is used to finely clean the stripped cotton fibers and collect and store the cleaned cotton samples;

[0016] The power transmission between each unit is achieved through a synchronous pulley group, which includes a driving pulley, a driven pulley and a synchronous belt. The driving pulley is keyed to the output shaft of the drive motor, and the driven pulley is respectively installed at the end of each roller. The pulley tension is adjusted by the tensioning pulley.

[0017] Preferably, the seed cotton pushing unit includes a cotton sample box, a push plate and a drive motor. The drive motor is embedded in the inner wall of the cotton sample box, and its output shaft is rigidly connected to the push plate through a coupling. The push plate slides along the guide track at the bottom of the cotton sample box to realize horizontal pushing of the seed cotton toward the detection and pressing unit.

[0018] Preferably, the detection and pressing unit includes a detection and metering box, a hydraulic rod and a pressure plate. The feed port of the detection and metering box is connected to the discharge end of the seed cotton pushing unit. The hydraulic rod is vertically installed at the center position of the top of the detection and metering box, and the end of its piston rod is bolted to the upper surface of the pressure plate. The lower surface of the pressure plate slides against the inner wall of the detection and metering box, and the compression and release of the seed cotton are achieved by the extension and retraction of the hydraulic rod.

[0019] Preferably, the primary cleaning conveying unit includes symmetrically arranged cotton feeding rollers, thorn rollers and a first row of impurity augers, the feed ends of the two cotton feeding rollers are arranged opposite to the discharge port of the detection and metering box, the roller surfaces of the two cotton feeding rollers are in a meshing state and rotate in opposite directions, the thorn roller is arranged in parallel below the two cotton feeding rollers, and conical thorns are evenly distributed on its surface, the first row of impurity augers is arranged directly below the thorn roller, and its spiral blades and the inner wall of the working box form an impurity removal channel.

[0020] Preferably, the secondary cleaning and recovery unit comprises a first rack roller, a first doffing roller, a second rack roller, and a second doffing roller, which are arranged in sequence. Comb-shaped protrusions are distributed on the surfaces of the first rack roller and the second rack roller. Arc-shaped doffing sheets are provided on the surfaces of the first doffing roller and the second doffing roller. The rotation directions of adjacent rollers are opposite, and the roller gap is adapted to the seed cotton processing requirements.

[0021] The first rack roller is located on the discharge side of the spike roller, and is used to receive and preliminarily comb the seed cotton loosened by the spike roller; the first doffing roller is arranged adjacent to the first rack roller, and the two are arranged in an inclined staggered manner and are connected by gear transmission. The arc-shaped doffing sheet on the surface of the first doffing roller cooperates with the comb-tooth-shaped protrusion of the first rack roller to perform the first doffing treatment on the seed cotton; the second rack roller is arranged at the downstream end of the first doffing roller, and is connected to the first doffing roller through a transmission belt, and is used to perform the second combing of the seed cotton processed by the first doffing roller; the second doffing roller is arranged on the discharge side of the second rack roller, and is linked to the second rack roller through gear transmission. The arc-shaped doffing sheet on its surface cooperates with the comb-tooth-shaped protrusion of the second rack roller to complete the second doffing treatment.

[0022] Preferably, the secondary cleaning and recovery unit also includes a second row of impurity augers, a blade recovery roller and a rack recovery roller. The second row of impurity augers is arranged below the first rack roller, the first doffing roller, the second rack roller and the second doffing roller, and is used to receive and discharge impurities separated during the roller processing process; the blade recovery roller is arranged between the first doffing roller and the second rack roller, and is linked to the first doffing roller through gear transmission, and the elastic scraper on the roller surface is used to scrape the cotton that falls off after processing by the first doffing roller and guide it to the second rack roller; the rack recovery roller is linked to the second doffing roller through gear transmission, and the elastic scraper on the roller surface can recover the seed cotton leaked from the gap between the second rack roller and the second doffing roller and send it to the second doffing roller, thereby realizing efficient recycling of the seed cotton.

[0023] Preferably, the cotton stripping processing unit includes a working box, an electric push rod and a saw blade roller. The feed port of the working box is arranged opposite to the discharge end of the second cotton stripping roller. The electric push rod is symmetrically embedded in the two side walls of the working box. The end of the push rod is connected to the arc-shaped push plate. Through synchronous telescopic action, the seed cotton in the working box is gathered toward the center and pushed to the saw blade roller to ensure uniform feeding of the seed cotton; the saw blade roller is horizontally arranged at the discharge port of the working box, and serrated blades are evenly distributed on its surface, which is used to peel the cotton fibers in the seed cotton from the surface of the cotton seeds, thereby realizing the preliminary separation of the cotton fibers and the cotton seeds.

[0024] Preferably, the cotton seed collecting unit includes a cotton seed collecting box, an electric cylinder and a paddle. The cotton seed collecting box is fixedly installed at the bottom of the working box. The cylinder body of the electric cylinder is bolted to the outer wall of the working box. Its piston rod passes through the inner wall of the working box and is hinged to the paddle. The paddle shaft is connected to the discharge port at the bottom of the working box, and the opening and closing of the discharge port is realized by the extension and contraction of the electric cylinder.

[0025] Preferably, the cotton sample collection unit includes a brush roller, a dust cage and a cotton collection box. The brush roller is arranged parallel to one side of the saw blade roller, and its bristles are in contact with the surface of the saw blade roller. The dust cage is a cylindrical mesh structure, and its axis is parallel to the brush roller. The cotton collection box is connected to the air outlet of the dust cage through a pipe, and an air-inducing device is arranged in the pipe. The air-inducing device is connected to the motor arranged below the dust cage.

[0026] The present invention also provides a method for using the above-mentioned cotton sample cleaning and feeding device based on seed cotton detection and measurement, comprising the following steps:

[0027] S1. The seed cotton is placed into the cotton sample box of the seed cotton pushing unit. The driving motor drives the push plate to slide uniformly along the guide track at the bottom of the cotton sample box through the coupling, and the seed cotton is directionally pushed into the detection and metering box of the detection and pressing unit. The pushing stroke is controlled according to the detection and metering requirements;

[0028] S2. After the metering box receives the seed cotton, the hydraulic rod extends and drives the pressing plate downward vertically to compact the seed cotton to a preset thickness. The external detection system then tests the moisture content of the seed cotton. After the test is complete, the hydraulic rod retracts and resets the pressing plate.

[0029] S3: The inspected seed cotton is transported to the primary cleaning conveying unit. The feeding rollers, driven by the drive motor, rotate in opposite directions, evenly clamping the seed cotton and feeding it to the spike rollers below. The spike rollers rotate and use the conical spikes on their surface to break up the seed cotton. Large impurities fall into the first row of impurity augers below under the action of gravity and are transported by the spiral blades to the outside of the working box for discharge.

[0030] S4: The loosened seed cotton is conveyed to the secondary cleaning and recovery unit, and passes through the first rack roller and the first doffing roller in turn. The comb-shaped protrusions and the arc-shaped doffing blades work together to achieve the first doffing, and the separated impurities fall into the second row of mixed screws; the seed cotton processed by the first doffing roller is conveyed to the second rack roller, and at the same time, the blade recovery roller scrapes the cotton dropped from the surface of the first doffing roller and guides it to the second rack roller; after the seed cotton is secondary combed and doffed by the second rack roller and the second doffing roller, the rack recovery roller recovers the seed cotton leaking from the roller gap and sends it to the second doffing roller, and the secondary separated impurities are discharged by the second row of mixed screws;

[0031] S5: The seed cotton after secondary processing enters the working box of the cotton stripping processing unit. Two electric push rods extend and retract synchronously to push the arc-shaped push plate, gathering the seed cotton to the center of the saw blade roller and feeding it evenly. The saw blade roller peels the cotton fibers with the serrated blade on its surface. The peeled cotton seeds fall to the bottom of the working box. The electric cylinder drives the paddle to flip open, and the cotton seeds fall into the cotton seed collection box through the discharge port.

[0032] S6. The cotton fibers adhered to the surface of the saw blade roller are brushed off to the dust cage by the brush roller. The dust cage generates negative pressure under the action of the air induced device, adsorbing the cotton fibers on the surface and filtering out residual impurities. Finally, the pure cotton samples are collected in the cotton collection box.

[0033] According to the specific embodiments provided by the present invention, the present invention discloses the following technical effects:

[0034] (1) The present invention realizes the layered separation of impurities in the cotton sample by setting up a multi-stage cleaning structure of a primary cleaning conveying unit and a secondary cleaning and recovery unit, combined with the synergistic effect of the conical thorns of the thorn roller, the comb-shaped protrusions of the rack roller and the arc-shaped doffing sheet of the doffing roller, thereby greatly improving the cleaning efficiency and increasing the cotton shell cleaning efficiency to 98%, effectively solving the problem of incomplete cleaning of existing devices.

[0035] (2) The present invention adds a blade recovery roller and a rack recovery roller in the secondary cleaning and recovery unit, and uses elastic scrapers to respectively recover the cotton dropped from the surface of the first doffing roller and the seed cotton leaking out of the roller gap, thereby controlling the cotton drop rate to 0, avoiding the waste of raw materials caused by the discharge of seed cotton along with impurities, and ensuring the consistency of the test sample with the actual seed cotton.

[0036] (3) The present invention realizes power transmission of each unit through a synchronous pulley group, and with the compact structural layout and optimized design of the cleaning mechanism, it realizes an integrated process of detection-cleaning-recovery-separation without increasing the equipment space, which not only ensures the accuracy of the detection of indicators such as seed cotton lint content, moisture, and impurities, but also improves the continuity and efficiency of cotton sample processing, and meets the actual needs of seed cotton detection and pretreatment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0037] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0038] Figure 1 An overall schematic diagram provided for an embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 2 A flowchart of the working process provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0040] Description of reference numerals:

[0041] 1. Cotton sample box; 2. Push plate; 3. Drive motor; 4. Detection and metering box; 5. Hydraulic rod; 6. Press plate; 7. Feed roller; 8. Spike roller; 9. First row of mixed auger; 10. First rack roller; 11. First doffing roller; 12. Second rack roller; 13. Second doffing roller; 14. Blade recovery roller; 15. Rack recovery roller; 16. Second row of mixed auger; 17. Electric push rod; 18. Working box; 19. Saw blade roller; 20. Pick; 21. Cotton seed collection box; 22. Brush roller; 23. Dust cage; 24. Motor; 25. Cotton collection box. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0043] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0044] Example

[0045] like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides a cotton sample cleaning and feeding device based on seed cotton detection and metering, including a working box, in which a seed cotton pushing unit, a detection and pressing unit, a primary cleaning and conveying unit, a secondary cleaning and recovery unit, a cotton stripping processing unit, a cotton seed collecting unit and a cotton sample collecting unit are arranged.

[0046] In this embodiment, the seed cotton pushing unit is used to directionally push seed cotton from its storage location to the inspection area. This unit comprises a cotton sample box 1, a push plate 2, and a drive motor 3. The drive motor 3 is embedded in the inner wall of the cotton sample box 1. Its output shaft is rigidly connected to the push plate 2 via a coupling. The push plate 2 slides along the guide track at the bottom of the cotton sample box 1 to horizontally push the seed cotton toward the inspection and compaction unit. When the drive motor 3 is activated, the push plate 2 is driven by the coupling to move smoothly along the guide track, evenly pushing the seed cotton in the cotton sample box 1 to the inspection area, ensuring that the seed cotton is transported without blockage or unevenness.

[0047] The detection and pressing unit is used to receive the pushed seed cotton and complete the seed cotton moisture index detection through the pressing action in conjunction with the external system. The unit includes a detection and metering box 4, a hydraulic rod 5 and a pressure plate 6. The feed port of the detection and metering box 4 is connected to the discharge end of the seed cotton pushing unit. The hydraulic rod 5 is vertically installed at the center position of the top of the detection and metering box 4. The end of its piston rod is bolted to the upper surface of the pressure plate 6. The lower surface of the pressure plate 6 slides against the inner wall of the detection and metering box 4. The compression and release of the seed cotton are achieved by the extension and contraction of the hydraulic rod 5. When the seed cotton is pushed into the detection and metering box 4, the hydraulic rod 5 contracts and drives the pressure plate 6 downward, applying uniform pressure to the seed cotton, so that the seed cotton forms a test sample of a certain density, which facilitates the external detection system to accurately measure the moisture content and other indicators of the seed cotton. After the test is completed, the hydraulic rod 5 extends and the pressure plate 6 rises, releasing the seed cotton and allowing it to enter the next processing link.

[0048] The initial cleaning conveyor unit receives the inspected seed cotton and conveys it via rollers, simultaneously performing preliminary impurity separation. This unit comprises symmetrically arranged feed rollers 7, spike rollers 8, and a first row of impurity augers 9. The feed ends of the two feed rollers 7 are positioned opposite the discharge port of the inspection and metering box 4. The roller surfaces of the two feed rollers 7 are meshed and rotate in opposite directions. The spike rollers 8 are positioned parallel to and below the two feed rollers 7, with conical spikes evenly distributed across their surfaces. The first row of impurity augers 9 is positioned directly below the spike rollers 8, with their spiral blades forming an impurity removal channel with the inner wall of the working box. After the seed cotton is released from the inspection and metering box 4, it is gripped by the counter-rotating feed rollers 7 and conveyed forward, simultaneously performing a preliminary loosening. The seed cotton then falls into the spike rollers 8, where the conical spikes further loosen and comb the cotton, removing some impurities. The removed impurities fall by gravity into the first row of impurity augers 9, where the spiral blades convey them out of the working box along the impurity removal channel, completing the initial cleaning.

[0049] The secondary cleaning and recovery unit is used to deeply clean the initially processed seed cotton and recover any seed cotton that has fallen off during transport. This unit comprises a first rack roller 10, a first doffer roller 11, a second rack roller 12, and a second doffer roller 13, arranged in sequence. Both the first and second rack rollers 10 and 12 have comb-like protrusions on their surfaces, while the first and second doffer rollers 11 and 13 are equipped with arc-shaped doffer blades. Adjacent rollers rotate in opposite directions, and the gap between the rollers is adapted to the seed cotton processing requirements. The first rack roller 10 is located on the discharge side of the stinger roller 8, and is used to receive and preliminarily comb the seed cotton loosened by the stinger roller 8; the first doffing roller 11 is arranged adjacent to the first rack roller 10, and the two are arranged in an inclined staggered manner and connected by gear transmission. The arc-shaped doffing sheet on the surface of the first doffing roller 11 cooperates with the comb-tooth-shaped protrusions of the first rack roller 10 to perform the first doffing treatment on the seed cotton; the second rack roller 12 is arranged at the downstream end of the first doffing roller 11, and is connected to the first doffing roller 11 through a transmission belt, and is used to perform the second combing of the seed cotton processed by the first doffing roller 11; the second doffing roller 13 is arranged on the discharge side of the second rack roller 12, and is linked to the second rack roller 12 through gear transmission. The arc-shaped doffing sheet on its surface cooperates with the comb-tooth-shaped protrusions of the second rack roller 12 to complete the second doffing treatment.

[0050] Furthermore, the secondary cleaning and recovery unit also includes a second row of impurity augers 16, a blade recovery roller 14, and a rack recovery roller 15. The second row of impurity augers 16 is arranged below the first rack roller 10, the first doffing roller 11, the second rack roller 12, and the second doffing roller 13, and is used to receive and discharge impurities separated during the roller processing process. The blade recovery roller 14 is arranged between the first doffing roller 11 and the second rack roller 12, and is linked to the first doffing roller 11 through a gear transmission. The elastic scraper on its roller surface is used to scrape the cotton dropped after processing by the first doffing roller 11 and guide it to the second rack roller 12. The rack recovery roller 15 is linked to the second doffing roller 13 through a gear transmission. The elastic scraper on its roller surface can recover the seed cotton leaking from the gap between the second rack roller 12 and the second doffing roller 13 and send it to the second doffing roller 13, realizing efficient recovery of the seed cotton. Through this multi-stage cleaning and recovery design, not only the cleanliness of the seed cotton is improved, but also the loss of seed cotton during the processing process is minimized.

[0051] The cotton stripping unit is used to receive the seed cotton after secondary cleaning and push it to the stripping structure through power to complete the fiber stripping process. The unit includes a work box 18, an electric push rod 17, and a saw blade roller 19. The feed port of the work box 18 is arranged opposite the discharge end of the second de-cottoning roller 13. The electric push rod 17 is symmetrically embedded in the two side walls of the work box 18. The end of the push rod is connected to the arc-shaped push plate. Through synchronous telescopic movement, the seed cotton in the work box 18 is gathered toward the center and pushed to the saw blade roller 19 to ensure uniform feeding of the seed cotton. The saw blade roller 19 is horizontally arranged at the discharge port of the work box 18. Its surface is evenly distributed with serrated blades, which are used to strip the cotton fibers in the seed cotton from the surface of the cotton seeds, achieving a preliminary separation of the cotton fibers and cotton seeds. When the seed cotton after secondary cleaning enters the work box 18, the electric push rod 17 drives the arc-shaped push plate to move toward the center, pushing the seed cotton evenly to the saw blade roller 19. The saw blade roller 19 rotates at a high speed, and the serrated blades on its surface come into contact with the seed cotton, peeling the cotton fibers from the surface of the cotton seeds, thereby achieving effective separation of the cotton fibers and the cotton seeds.

[0052] The cottonseed collection unit is used to receive the cottonseed after fiber stripping, and to achieve directional collection of the cottonseed through a discharge structure. The unit includes a cottonseed collection box 21, an electric cylinder, and a paddle 20. The cottonseed collection box 21 is fixedly mounted at the bottom of the work box 18. The cylinder body of the electric cylinder is bolted to the outer wall of the work box 18, and its piston rod passes through the inner wall of the work box 18 and is hinged to the paddle 20. The paddle 20 is axially connected to the discharge port at the bottom of the work box 18, and the discharge port is opened and closed by the extension and contraction of the electric cylinder. When the saw blade roller 19 completes the stripping of the cotton fibers, the stripped cottonseed falls to the bottom of the work box 18 under the action of gravity. At this time, the electric cylinder extends, pushing the paddle 20 to rotate, opening the discharge port, and the cottonseed falls into the cottonseed collection box 21 through the discharge port. When the discharge port needs to be closed, the electric cylinder retracts, and the paddle 20 rotates in the opposite direction, closing the discharge port to prevent accidental leakage of cottonseed.

[0053] The cotton sample collection unit is used to meticulously clean the stripped cotton fibers and collect and store them. This unit comprises a brush roller 22, a dust cage 23, and a cotton collection box 25. The brush roller 22 is positioned parallel to the saw blade roller 19, with its bristles in contact with the surface of the saw blade roller 19. The dust cage 23 is a cylindrical mesh structure with its axis parallel to the brush roller 22. The cotton collection box 25 is connected to the air outlet of the dust cage 23 via a duct. A draft device is located within the duct, connected to a motor located below the dust cage 23. When cotton fibers stripped by the saw blade roller 19 adhere to the surface of the saw blade roller 19, the brush roller 22 rotates, its bristles contacting the surface and brushing the fibers off. The brushed fibers are then drawn into the dust cage 23 by the airflow generated by the draft device, which is driven by a motor 24 located below the dust cage 23. During the rotation of the dust cage 23, the mesh structure filters out the fine impurities remaining in the cotton fibers. The purified cotton fibers are transported to the cotton collecting box 25 through the pipeline for storage, completing the entire cotton sample cleaning and collection process.

[0054] Power transmission between the various units is achieved through a synchronous pulley assembly consisting of a driving pulley, a driven pulley, and a timing belt. The driving pulley is keyed to the output shaft of the drive motor, while the driven pulleys are mounted on the ends of the rollers. Tensioners adjust the pulley tension. This transmission method ensures synchronized operation between the various units, improving the efficiency and stability of the entire system. When the drive motor is started, the driving pulley drives the synchronous belt, which in turn rotates the driven pulleys, achieving coordinated movement of the rollers. Tensioners adjust the timing belt tension as needed, ensuring smooth and reliable operation of the transmission system.

[0055] Through the coordinated work of the above functional units, the device can realize a series of operations such as automatic seed cotton pushing, detection and measurement, multi-stage cleaning, fiber stripping and cotton sample collection, greatly improving the efficiency and quality of seed cotton detection and cotton sample preparation.

[0056] Reference Figure 2 This embodiment also provides a method for using the cotton sample cleaning and feeding device based on seed cotton detection and measurement, comprising the following steps:

[0057] S1: Seed cotton is placed into the cotton sample box 1 of the seed cotton pushing unit. The driving motor 3 drives the push plate 2 through the coupling to slide at a constant speed along the guide track at the bottom of the cotton sample box 1, pushing the seed cotton into the detection and metering box 4 of the detection and pressing unit. The pushing stroke is controlled according to the detection and metering requirements. In this step, the seed cotton is evenly pushed into the detection area, ensuring the accuracy of subsequent testing.

[0058] S2. After the metering box 4 receives the seed cotton, the hydraulic rod 5 extends and drives the pressing plate 6 downward vertically, compacting the seed cotton to a preset thickness. The external detection system then tests the moisture content of the seed cotton. After the test is complete, the hydraulic rod 5 contracts and resets the pressing plate 6. In this step, the pressing plate 6 applies uniform pressure to the seed cotton, forming a test sample of a certain density, which facilitates the external detection system to accurately measure the moisture content and other indicators of the seed cotton.

[0059] S3: The inspected seed cotton is conveyed to the primary cleaning conveyor unit. Driven by a drive motor, feed rollers 7 rotate in opposite directions, evenly gripping the seed cotton and feeding it to spike rollers 8 below. Spike rollers 8 rotate, using their conical spikes to break up and loosen the seed cotton. Large impurities fall by gravity into the first row of auger 9 below, where they are transported by spiral blades to the outside of the working box for discharge. This step achieves initial loosening of the seed cotton and separation of large impurities.

[0060] S4: The loosened seed cotton is conveyed to the secondary cleaning and recovery unit, where it passes through the first rack roller 10 and the first doffing roller 11 in an inclined and staggered manner. The comb-shaped protrusions and the arc-shaped doffing blades work together to achieve the first doffing, and the separated impurities fall into the second row of mixed augers 16. The seed cotton processed by the first doffing roller 11 is conveyed to the second rack roller 12, while the blade recovery roller 14 scrapes the cotton dropped from the surface of the first doffing roller 11 and guides it to the second rack roller 12. After the seed cotton is secondary combed and de-cottoned by the second rack roller 12 and the second doffing roller 13, the rack recovery roller 15 recovers the seed cotton leaking from the roller gap and feeds it to the second doffing roller 13. The secondary separated impurities are discharged by the second row of mixed augers 16. The above steps, through this multi-stage cleaning and recovery design, not only improve the cleanliness of the seed cotton, but also minimize the loss of seed cotton during the processing process.

[0061] S5: The secondary processed seed cotton enters the working box 18 of the cotton stripping unit. Two electric push rods 17 synchronously extend and retract to push the arc-shaped push plate, which gathers the seed cotton toward the center of the saw blade roller 19 and feeds it evenly. The saw blade roller 19 peels the cotton fibers with its serrated blades. The peeled cotton seeds fall to the bottom of the working box 18. The electric cylinder drives the paddle 20 to flip open, and the cotton seeds fall into the cotton seed collection box 21 through the discharge port. This step effectively separates the cotton fibers from the cotton seeds and collects the cotton seeds.

[0062] S6, the cotton fibers adhered to the surface of the saw blade roller 19 are brushed off by the brush roller 22 to the dust cage 23. The dust cage 23 generates negative pressure under the action of the air induction device, adsorbs the cotton fibers on the surface and filters out residual impurities. Finally, the pure cotton samples are collected in the cotton collection box 25. This step completes the fine cleaning and collection and storage of cotton fibers.

[0063] Through the coordinated operation of the above steps, this method can achieve a series of operations, including automatic seed cotton pushing, detection and measurement, multi-stage cleaning, fiber stripping, and cotton sample collection. Specific experiments have demonstrated that cotton hull cleaning efficiency has increased to 98%, with a cotton drop rate of 0%, significantly improving the efficiency and quality of seed cotton testing and cotton sample preparation. Throughout the entire process, power transmission between the various units is achieved through a synchronous pulley system, ensuring synchronized operation and improving the efficiency and stability of the entire device.

[0064] This document uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The above examples are only intended to help understand the method and core concept of the present invention. At the same time, those skilled in the art will find that the specific implementation methods and application scopes may vary based on the concept of the present invention. In summary, the contents of this specification should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

Claims

1. A cotton sample cleaning and feeding device based on seed cotton detection and measurement, characterized in that: It includes a working box, which is provided with: A seed cotton pushing unit is used to push the seed cotton from the storage location to the detection area; The detection and pressing unit is used to receive the pushed seed cotton and complete the seed cotton moisture index detection through the pressing action in conjunction with the external system; The primary cleaning and conveying unit is used to receive the tested seed cotton, convey it through roller transmission and simultaneously complete the initial impurity separation; Secondary cleaning and recovery unit, used to deeply clean the seed cotton that has been initially processed and to recover the seed cotton that has fallen off during the transmission process; The cotton stripping unit is used to receive the seed cotton after secondary cleaning and push it to the cotton stripping structure through power to complete the fiber stripping process; The cotton seed collecting unit is used to receive the cotton seeds after stripping the fibers and realizes directional collection of the cotton seeds through the discharge structure; A cotton sample collecting unit is used to finely clean the stripped cotton fibers and collect and store the cleaned cotton samples; The power transmission between each unit is achieved through a synchronous pulley group, which includes a driving pulley, a driven pulley and a synchronous belt. The driving pulley is keyed to the output shaft of the drive motor, and the driven pulley is respectively installed at the end of each roller. The pulley tension is adjusted by the tensioning pulley.

2. A cotton sample cleaning and feeding device based on seed cotton detection and measurement according to claim 1, characterized in that: The seed cotton pushing unit includes a cotton sample box, a push plate and a drive motor. The drive motor is embedded in the inner wall of the cotton sample box, and its output shaft is rigidly connected to the push plate through a coupling. The push plate slides along the guide track at the bottom of the cotton sample box to achieve horizontal pushing of the seed cotton toward the detection and pressing unit.

3. A cotton sample cleaning and feeding device based on seed cotton detection and measurement according to claim 1, characterized in that: The detection and pressing unit includes a detection and metering box, a hydraulic rod and a pressure plate. The feed port of the detection and metering box is connected to the discharge end of the seed cotton pushing unit. The hydraulic rod is vertically installed at the center of the top of the detection and metering box. The end of its piston rod is bolted to the upper surface of the pressure plate. The lower surface of the pressure plate slides against the inner wall of the detection and metering box. The compression and release of the seed cotton are achieved by the extension and retraction of the hydraulic rod.

4. A cotton sample cleaning and feeding device based on seed cotton detection and measurement according to claim 1, characterized in that: The primary cleaning conveying unit includes symmetrically arranged cotton feeding rollers, thorn rollers and a first row of impurity augers. The feed ends of the two cotton feeding rollers are arranged opposite to the discharge port of the detection and metering box. The roller surfaces of the two cotton feeding rollers are in a meshing state and rotate in opposite directions. The thorn roller is arranged in parallel below the two cotton feeding rollers, and conical thorns are evenly distributed on its surface. The first row of impurity augers is arranged directly below the thorn roller, and its spiral blades form an impurity removal channel with the inner wall of the working box.

5. The cotton sample cleaning and feeding device based on seed cotton detection and measurement according to claim 1, characterized in that: The secondary cleaning and recovery unit includes a first rack roller, a first doffing roller, a second rack roller, and a second doffing roller, which are arranged in sequence. The first rack roller and the second rack roller have comb-shaped protrusions distributed on their surfaces. The first doffing roller and the second doffing roller are provided with arc-shaped doffing sheets on their surfaces. The adjacent rollers rotate in opposite directions and the roller gap adapts to the seed cotton processing requirements. The first rack roller is located on the discharge side of the spike roller, and is used to receive and preliminarily comb the seed cotton loosened by the spike roller; the first doffing roller is arranged adjacent to the first rack roller, and the two are arranged in an inclined staggered manner and are connected by gear transmission. The arc-shaped doffing sheet on the surface of the first doffing roller cooperates with the comb-tooth-shaped protrusion of the first rack roller to perform the first doffing treatment on the seed cotton; the second rack roller is arranged at the downstream end of the first doffing roller, and is connected to the first doffing roller through a transmission belt, and is used to perform the second combing of the seed cotton processed by the first doffing roller; the second doffing roller is arranged on the discharge side of the second rack roller, and is linked to the second rack roller through gear transmission. The arc-shaped doffing sheet on its surface cooperates with the comb-tooth-shaped protrusion of the second rack roller to complete the second doffing treatment.

6. A cotton sample cleaning and feeding device based on seed cotton detection and measurement according to claim 5, characterized in that: The secondary cleaning and recovery unit also includes a second row of impurity augers, a blade recovery roller and a rack recovery roller. The second row of impurity augers is arranged below the first rack roller, the first doffing roller, the second rack roller and the second doffing roller, and is used to receive and discharge impurities separated during the roller processing process; the blade recovery roller is arranged between the first doffing roller and the second rack roller, and is linked to the first doffing roller through gear transmission. The elastic scraper on its roller surface is used to scrape the cotton dropped after processing by the first doffing roller and guide it to the second rack roller; the rack recovery roller is linked to the second doffing roller through gear transmission, and the elastic scraper on its roller surface can recover the seed cotton leaked from the gap between the second rack roller and the second doffing roller and send it to the second doffing roller, thereby realizing efficient recycling of the seed cotton.

7. The cotton sample cleaning and feeding device based on seed cotton detection and measurement according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cotton stripping processing unit includes a working box, an electric push rod and a saw blade roller. The feed port of the working box is arranged opposite to the discharge end of the second cotton stripping roller. The electric push rod is symmetrically embedded in the two side walls of the working box. The end of the push rod is connected to the arc-shaped push plate. Through synchronous telescopic action, the seed cotton in the working box is gathered toward the center and pushed to the saw blade roller to ensure uniform feeding of the seed cotton; the saw blade roller is horizontally arranged at the discharge port of the working box, and serrated blades are evenly distributed on its surface, which is used to peel the cotton fibers in the seed cotton from the surface of the cotton seeds, thereby realizing the preliminary separation of the cotton fibers and the cotton seeds.

8. The cotton sample cleaning and feeding device based on seed cotton detection and measurement according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cotton seed collection unit includes a cotton seed collection box, an electric cylinder and a paddle. The cotton seed collection box is fixedly installed at the bottom of the working box. The cylinder body of the electric cylinder is bolted to the outer wall of the working box. Its piston rod passes through the inner wall of the working box and is hinged to the paddle. The paddle shaft is connected to the discharge port at the bottom of the working box, and the opening and closing of the discharge port is achieved by the extension and contraction of the electric cylinder.

9. The cotton sample cleaning and feeding device based on seed cotton detection and measurement according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cotton sample collection unit includes a brush roller, a dust cage and a cotton collection box. The brush roller is arranged parallel to one side of the saw blade roller, and its bristles are in contact with the surface of the saw blade roller. The dust cage is a cylindrical mesh structure, and its axis is parallel to the brush roller. The cotton collection box is connected to the air outlet of the dust cage through a pipe, and an air-inducing device is arranged in the pipe. The air-inducing device is connected to the motor arranged below the dust cage.

10. A method for using the cotton sample cleaning and feeding device based on seed cotton detection and measurement according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. The seed cotton is placed into the cotton sample box of the seed cotton pushing unit. The driving motor drives the push plate to slide uniformly along the guide track at the bottom of the cotton sample box through the coupling, and the seed cotton is directionally pushed into the detection and metering box of the detection and pressing unit. The pushing stroke is controlled according to the detection and metering requirements; S2. After the metering box receives the seed cotton, the hydraulic rod extends and drives the pressing plate downward vertically to compact the seed cotton to a preset thickness. The external detection system then tests the moisture content of the seed cotton. After the test is complete, the hydraulic rod retracts and resets the pressing plate. S3: The inspected seed cotton is transported to the primary cleaning conveying unit. The feeding rollers, driven by the drive motor, rotate in opposite directions, evenly clamping the seed cotton and feeding it to the spike rollers below. The spike rollers rotate and use the conical spikes on their surface to break up the seed cotton. Large impurities fall into the first row of impurity augers below under the action of gravity and are transported by the spiral blades to the outside of the working box for discharge. S4: The loosened seed cotton is conveyed to the secondary cleaning and recovery unit, and passes through the first rack roller and the first doffing roller in turn. The comb-shaped protrusions and the arc-shaped doffing blades work together to achieve the first doffing, and the separated impurities fall into the second row of mixed screws; the seed cotton processed by the first doffing roller is conveyed to the second rack roller, and at the same time, the blade recovery roller scrapes the cotton dropped from the surface of the first doffing roller and guides it to the second rack roller; after the seed cotton is secondary combed and doffed by the second rack roller and the second doffing roller, the rack recovery roller recovers the seed cotton leaking from the roller gap and sends it to the second doffing roller, and the secondary separated impurities are discharged by the second row of mixed screws; S5: The seed cotton after secondary processing enters the working box of the cotton stripping processing unit. Two electric push rods extend and retract synchronously to push the arc-shaped push plate, gathering the seed cotton to the center of the saw blade roller and feeding it evenly. The saw blade roller peels the cotton fibers with the serrated blade on its surface. The peeled cotton seeds fall to the bottom of the working box. The electric cylinder drives the paddle to flip open, and the cotton seeds fall into the cotton seed collection box through the discharge port. S6. The cotton fibers adhered to the surface of the saw blade roller are brushed off to the dust cage by the brush roller. The dust cage generates negative pressure under the action of the air induced device, adsorbing the cotton fibers on the surface and filtering out residual impurities. Finally, the pure cotton samples are collected in the cotton collection box.

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