Muskmelon growth measuring method combined with light, water and fertilizer technology

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of muskmelon growth determination methods, and discloses a muskmelon growth determination method in combination with a light-water-fertilizer technology, and the method comprises the following specific steps: S1, selecting a sunlight greenhouse in an experiment field and a material experiment field, and selecting a muskmelon variety 'Mei Net 9'; plants are divided into a shading group and a non-shading group, the two illumination treatment groups are subjected to different field moisture capacity treatment, the field moisture capacity is continuously refined according to different fertilizers, and a dynamic interaction mechanism of illumination, moisture and fertilizer three factors is integrated, so that the limitation of traditional single environment factor research is broken through; systematic and accurate monitoring of the growth process of the facility muskmelons is achieved, the interaction mechanism of illumination and water and fertilizer treatment is disclosed, the yield and quality of the muskmelons are improved, development of the muskmelon industry is promoted, and core index measurement covering plant morphology, photosynthetic efficiency and fruit quality is established.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of melon growth measurement methods, and specifically relates to a melon growth measurement method combining light, water and fertilizer technology. Background Art

[0002] At present, melon is one of the most popular fruits in the domestic market. It is loved by consumers and is actively planted by many farmers. Melon was first cultivated in the northwest region in 2016. After the successful trial planting, it was widely planted in various regions of my country. Melon is an annual climbing herb of the genus Cucurbitaceae. It contains a large amount of mineral nutrients needed by the human body. It also has the effect of clearing away heat and relieving summer heat, eliminating restlessness and quenching thirst. It is one of the first choices of consumers for summer fruits.

[0003] my country is the world's largest producer of melons, but due to its huge population, the domestic melon market is still in short supply. Therefore, we must continuously increase melon production and improve melon quality. Abroad, research on the effects of light and fertilizer on melon growth has also received widespread attention. Foreign researchers have explored the effects of different light and fertilizer treatments on melon growth through field surveys and indoor experiments on melon growth. At the same time, scientific and reasonable fertilizer management can also increase the growth rate and yield of melons. It is worth noting that foreign research on the effects of light and fertilizer treatments on melon growth has made some breakthroughs. For example, researchers have used gene editing technology to change the gene expression of melons, thereby increasing their light intensity. Utilization rate and nutrient utilization rate. However, excessive fertilization may lead to excessive absorption and accumulation of nutrients by plants, resulting in nutritional imbalance and even environmental pollution. Therefore, studying the effects of different fertilizer treatments on melon growth can reasonably regulate the amount and time of fertilizer application of melons, and provide a scientific basis for efficient and environmentally friendly melon cultivation. Research on the growth, development and physiological characteristics of melons has been continuously deepened at home and abroad, but there are still drawbacks of single, one-sided and absolute influencing factors. The water management of melons in my country's facilities is still immature, which can easily lead to over-frequency and excessive irrigation, thereby causing various diseases and cracked melons. Therefore, studying the reasonable amount of irrigation and fertilization for melons is crucial to promoting the upgrading of melon cultivation technology and promoting the transformation of melon industrialization. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide a melon growth measurement method combining light, water and fertilizer technology to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a method for measuring melon growth by combining light, water and fertilizer technology, the specific steps of which are as follows:

[0006] S1. Experimental site and materials

[0007] The experimental site was a solar greenhouse, and the melon variety used for testing was "Meiwang No. 9";

[0008] S2. Experimental Grouping

[0009] The experiment used a three-factor controlled variable method. The experiment was divided into two light intensity treatment groups according to the different light intensities: no shading and shading. Each light intensity treatment group was divided into four field water holding capacity treatment groups, namely 40%-50% field water holding capacity, 50%-60% field water holding capacity, 60%-70% field water holding capacity, and 70%-80% field water holding capacity; each field water holding capacity treatment group was divided into five different fertilizer concentration treatment groups, namely 50% fertilizer, 75% fertilizer, 100% fertilizer, 150% fertilizer, and 200% fertilizer. There were a total of 40 treatment groups in this experiment.

[0010] S3. Measurement items and methods

[0011] S3.1. Impact of melon growth indicators

[0012] Growth indicators: Place the melon plant on a backlight board and use wire ties to secure the plant to the board so that it fits snugly. Place a ruler next to the plant and set up a camera stand directly above the plant to film it. Remove the plant and take the third or fourth functional leaf from the top of the plant. Lay the leaf flat on the backlight board, ensuring that it is fully extended and unobstructed. Film it again. Measure the plant height and root diameter with a tape measure and a vernier caliper, respectively, from the base of the plant to the top leaf. After filming, use WinFOLIA Pro to analyze the plant's leaf length, leaf width, and leaf area, as well as the plant height and root diameter.

[0013] Rinse the soil on the surface of the plant with water, separate the rhizomes, and wipe the surface moisture with a paper towel. Then weigh the fresh weight of the aboveground and underground parts of the melon plants separately using an electronic scale. Then place the plants in an oven at 105°C for 30 minutes, and then dry them at 80°C to constant weight. Then weigh the dry weight of the aboveground and underground parts. The total aboveground dry weight = stem dry weight + leaf dry weight + fruit dry weight, and the total aboveground fresh weight = stem fresh weight + leaf fresh weight + fruit fresh weight.

[0014] S3.2 Effects of photosynthetic characteristics of melon

[0015] Photosynthetic characteristics: Select mature functional leaves with healthy growth, normal leaf color, and healthy extension, avoiding the main veins for testing. Each treatment group was tested 5 times, with 3 melon plants selected for each test. 3 leaves from each plant were randomly selected for testing. Net photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, stomatal conductance, and intercellular CO2 concentration were measured using a photosynthetic meter.

[0016] S3.3 Determination of melon fruit growth quality

[0017] Three melon fruits were selected from each treatment group and fixed on an automatic rotating table (rotating at 5° / s). A 3D scanner was used to obtain point cloud data of the fruit surface. MeshLab software was then used to perform noise reduction, registration, and 3D reconstruction of the point cloud data to generate a 3D model of the fruit. The maximum transverse and longitudinal diameters were automatically extracted based on the model. A high-precision electronic scale was used to measure the fresh weight of each fruit, and the yield per mu was calculated based on the planting density. After the fruit was manually dissected, a vernier caliper was used to measure the actual size of the seed cavity, which was then cross-validated with the 3D model data.

[0018] S3.4 Determination of edible quality of melon fruit

[0019] Hardness test: The hardness of the fruit was measured using a GY-1 hardness tester. First, adjust the hardness tester to zero, turn the dial so that the pointer is aligned with the scale line, then remove about 1 square centimeter of the fruit skin to expose the flesh, and then use the hardness tester to measure;

[0020] Sugar content determination: Use a refractometer to measure the sugar content of the sample by the refraction of light. Hold the saccharimeter, drop the sample on the front glass, and then observe the reading through the eyepiece at the rear end.

[0021] S3.5 Determination of nutritional quality of melon fruit

[0022] Soluble protein determination: Take 0.8 g of fresh melon fruit sample, grind it into a homogenate with 5 ml of distilled water or pH 7.0 phosphate buffer, dilute to 25 ml and filter. Take 1.0 ml of the filtrate in a test tube, adjust the zero value with a blank tube, and read the absorbance at 280 nm and 260 nm using a UV spectrophotometer. Calculate the protein content of the sample by checking the standard curve based on the absorbance.

[0023] Determination of VC content: Weigh 4.0g of fresh melon fruit sample, place it in a mortar, add 5ml of 2% oxalic acid, and quickly grind it into a homogenate to obtain a sample extract. Then filter the sample extract and transfer it to a 50ml volumetric flask. Rinse the residue repeatedly with 2% oxalic acid, then combine the filtrate and finally adjust the volume to 50ml. Pipette 10ml of the filtrate and place it in a 50ml conical flask. Immediately titrate with 2,6-dichloroindophenol solution until pink appears and does not fade within 15s. Record the volume of 2,6-dichloroindophenol solution used. At the same time, take 10ml of 2% oxalic acid solution and titrate with 2,6-dichloroindophenol solution to the end point. Record the amount of titrant used to calculate the VC content according to the formula;

[0024] Determination of soluble sugar: Prepare a standard tube and sample tube, then place them simultaneously in 100°C water in a water bath and heat for 10 minutes. Remove and cool to room temperature with cold water. Measure the absorbance at 620nm. Draw a standard curve with the absorbance as the ordinate and the sugar solution concentration as the abscissa. Dilute the sample solution appropriately and take 2ml of it. Perform the same procedure as for the standard tube. Record the absorbance at 620nm. The sugar content can be obtained based on the standard curve and then calculated.

[0025] Determination of organic acids: Weigh 5g of melon pulp and grind it into a homogenate in a mortar. Rinse the homogenate in the mortar into a conical flask with 30-50ml of distilled water and place it in a 60℃ water bath for extraction. Shake it every 5 minutes. After 30 minutes, remove it and cool it. After cooling, transfer it to a 100ml volumetric flask. Rinse the residue into the volumetric flask with distilled water and adjust the volume to 100ml. Then filter it. Take 20ml of the filtrate into a dry and clean conical flask, add 2 drops of 1% phenolphthalein, and titrate with 0.05mol / L NaOH solution until it turns slightly red. The titration endpoint is determined when the color does not fade after shaking for 1 minute. Read the NaOH consumption and calculate according to the corresponding formula;

[0026] S4. Data Processing

[0027] The experimental data were sorted out, and the differences between the treatment groups were tested for significance using SPSS27.0 software, with a significance level of (P<0.05).

[0028] Preferably, with respect to the leaf area described in S3.1, the leaf area in the 50% fertilizer treatment group is significantly larger than that in the other fertilizer treatments, and the leaf area in the 70%-80% field capacity treatment group is significantly higher than that in the other treatments. The results for plant height are similar, the plant height in the 50% fertilizer treatment group is significantly larger than that in the other fertilizer treatments, and the plant height in the 70%-80% field capacity treatment group is significantly higher than that in the other treatments.

[0029] Preferably, the stem thickness described in S3.1, the stem thickness of the 50% fertilizer treatment group was significantly greater than that of the other fertilizer treatment groups, and the stem thickness of the 70%-80% field capacity treatment group was significantly higher than that of the other treatments, but the results of the leaf number were not consistent, the leaf number of the 150% fertilizer treatment group was significantly greater than that of the other fertilizer treatments, and the leaf number of the 70%-80% field capacity treatment group was significantly higher than that of the other treatments, and the results of chlorophyll content were similar to those of the leaf number.

[0030] Preferably, the aboveground dry weight and root dry weight described in S3.1, the 100% fertilizer treatment group is significantly greater than the other fertilizer treatment groups, the 60%-70% field capacity treatment group is significantly higher than the other treatments, the results of the total aboveground dry weight are not consistent, the total aboveground dry weight of the 150% fertilizer treatment group is significantly greater than the other fertilizer treatment groups, and the 50% field capacity treatment group is significantly higher than the total aboveground dry weight of the other treatments.

[0031] Preferably, the single fruit weight described in S3.3, the single fruit weight of the 50% fertilizer treatment group is significantly higher than that of the other treatment groups, and the single fruit weight of the 70%-80% field water holding capacity treatment group is significantly higher than that of the other treatments. From the perspective of plant growth indicators, the 50% fertilizer treatment group and the 70%-80% field water holding capacity treatment group are most suitable for melon growth. As for the horizontal and vertical diameters of the fruit, the single fruit weight of the 100% fertilizer treatment group is significantly higher than that of the other treatments, and the horizontal and vertical diameters of the fruit at 70%-80% field water holding capacity are significantly higher than those of the other treatments, indicating that the fruit yield is proportional to the horizontal and vertical diameters of the fruit.

[0032] Preferably, the experimental results of the photosynthetic characteristic indexes described in S3.2 show that the 150% fertilizer treatment group and the 70%-80% field capacity treatment group are most suitable for melon growth.

[0033] Preferably, the sugar content of the melon fruit in the edible quality described in S3.4 is optimal at 150% fertilizer and 70%-80% field water holding capacity, while the fruit hardness is optimal in the 100% fertilizer treatment group, and the fruit hardness at 70%-80% field water holding capacity is significantly higher than that in other treatment groups.

[0034] Preferably, the fertilizer described in S3.5 has no significant effect on the amount of soluble protein in melon, but the soluble protein at 70-80% field holding capacity is significantly higher than that in other treatments; the effects of fertilizer on the VC content of melon are as follows: 150% fertilizer has the greatest effect on the VC content of melon, and 60-70% field holding capacity has a significantly higher effect on the VC content of melon than other treatments; and for the transverse and longitudinal diameters of the seeds, 200% fertilizer and 70-80% field holding capacity are significantly different from other treatments; for the organic acid in the fruit, 200% fertilizer and 70-80% field holding capacity have the greatest effect on the organic acid in the fruit, and the quality acidity of the melon should be slightly reduced compared to the sweetness.

[0035] Preferably, the sources of significant differences in the various indicators described in S4 mostly come from light, fertilizer, water, the interaction between light and water, and the interaction between fertilizer and water, while the interaction relationship between the three factors has no significant effect on most indicators. The light factor mainly affects plant growth and photosynthetic indicators, but has little effect on quality indicators. Therefore, based on a comprehensive analysis of the above results, 50% shading, 50% fertilizer application, and 70%-80% of field water holding capacity of watering are most suitable for melon growth.

[0036] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0037] By dividing the plants into two groups, shaded and non-shaded, and subjecting the two light treatment groups to different field water holding capacity treatments, and further refining the field water holding capacity according to different fertilizers, the dynamic interaction mechanism of light, water and fertilizer was integrated, breaking through the limitations of traditional single environmental factor research, realizing systematic and precise monitoring of the growth process of greenhouse melons, revealing the interaction mechanism of light and water and fertilizer treatment, which is helpful to improve the yield and quality of melons and promote the development of the melon industry. By establishing core indicator measurements covering plant morphology, photosynthetic efficiency and fruit quality, and using a three-factor variance analysis model to accurately analyze the contribution of each factor, it was found that light dominated the growth index, water-fertilizer interaction significantly affected the yield, and the synergistic effect of the three factors on VC content reached an extremely significant level, providing data support for precise agronomic regulation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0038] Figure 1 The bar graph is a graph showing the experimental results of leaf area of ​​the present invention;

[0039] Figure 2 A bar graph showing the experimental results of plant height of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 3 This is a bar graph of the experimental results of stem thickness of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 4 The bar graph of the experimental results of the number of blades of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 5 A bar graph showing the experimental results of chlorophyll of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 6 This is a bar graph of the experimental results of the above-ground dry weight of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 7 This is a bar graph of the experimental results of the root dry weight of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 8 This is a bar graph of the experimental results of the total above-ground dry weight of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 9 It is a bar graph of the experimental results of the total dry matter of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 10 The figure is a bar graph showing the experimental results of single fruit weight of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 11 A bar graph showing the experimental results of the yield of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 12 A bar graph showing the experimental results of the net photosynthetic rate of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 13A bar graph showing the experimental results of the transpiration rate of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 14 This is a bar graph of the experimental results of intercellular carbon dioxide in the present invention;

[0052] Figure 15 is a bar graph of the experimental results of stomatal conductance of the present invention;

[0053] Figure 16 The bar graph is a result of the experiment on the horizontal diameter of the fruit of the present invention;

[0054] Figure 17 The bar graph is a result of the experiment on the longitudinal diameter of the fruit of the present invention;

[0055] Figure 18 A bar graph showing the experimental results of the sugar content of the present invention;

[0056] Figure 19 A bar graph showing the experimental results of hardness of the present invention;

[0057] Figure 20 is a bar graph showing the experimental results of the soluble protein of the present invention;

[0058] Figure 21 This is a bar graph showing the experimental results of VC content of the present invention;

[0059] Figure 22 This is a bar graph of the experimental results of the transverse diameter of the seed cavity of the present invention;

[0060] Figure 23 This is a bar graph of the experimental results of the longitudinal diameter of the seed cavity of the present invention;

[0061] Figure 24 This is a bar graph of the experimental results of soluble sugars of the present invention;

[0062] Figure 25 This is a bar graph of the experimental results of malic acid of the present invention;

[0063] Figure 26 It is a bar graph of the experimental results of tartaric acid of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0064] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0065] like Figures 1 to 26 As shown, the embodiment of the present invention provides a method for measuring melon growth by combining light, water and fertilizer technology, and the specific steps are as follows:

[0066] S1. Experimental site and materials

[0067] The experimental site was a solar greenhouse, and the melon variety used for testing was "Meiwang No. 9";

[0068] S2. Experimental Grouping

[0069] The experiment used a three-factor controlled variable method. The experiment was divided into two light intensity treatment groups according to the different light intensities: no shading and shading. Each light intensity treatment group was divided into four field water holding capacity treatment groups, namely 40%-50% field water holding capacity, 50%-60% field water holding capacity, 60%-70% field water holding capacity, and 70%-80% field water holding capacity; each field water holding capacity treatment group was divided into five different fertilizer concentration treatment groups, namely 50% fertilizer, 75% fertilizer, 100% fertilizer, 150% fertilizer, and 200% fertilizer. There were a total of 40 treatment groups in this experiment.

[0070] S3. Measurement items and methods

[0071] S3.1. Impact of melon growth indicators

[0072] Growth indicators: Place the melon plant on a backlight board and use wire ties to secure the plant to the board so that it fits snugly. Place a ruler next to the plant and set up a camera stand directly above the plant to film it. Remove the plant and take the third or fourth functional leaf from the top of the plant. Lay the leaf flat on the backlight board, ensuring that it is fully extended and unobstructed. Film it again. Measure the plant height and root diameter with a tape measure and a vernier caliper, respectively, from the base of the plant to the top leaf. After filming, use WinFOLIA Pro to analyze the plant's leaf length, leaf width, and leaf area, as well as the plant height and root diameter.

[0073] Rinse the soil on the surface of the plant with water, separate the rhizomes, and wipe the surface moisture with a paper towel. Then weigh the fresh weight of the aboveground and underground parts of the melon plants separately using an electronic scale. Then place the plants in an oven at 105°C for 30 minutes, and then dry them at 80°C to constant weight. Then weigh the dry weight of the aboveground and underground parts. The total aboveground dry weight = stem dry weight + leaf dry weight + fruit dry weight, and the total aboveground fresh weight = stem fresh weight + leaf fresh weight + fruit fresh weight.

[0074] S3.2 Effects of photosynthetic characteristics of melon

[0075] Photosynthetic characteristics: Select mature functional leaves with healthy growth, normal leaf color, and healthy extension, avoiding the main veins for testing. Each treatment group was tested 5 times, with 3 melon plants selected for each test. 3 leaves from each plant were randomly selected for testing. Net photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, stomatal conductance, and intercellular CO2 concentration were measured using a photosynthetic meter.

[0076] S3.3 Determination of melon fruit growth quality

[0077] Three melon fruits were selected from each treatment group and fixed on an automatic rotating table (rotating at 5° / s). A 3D scanner was used to obtain point cloud data of the fruit surface. MeshLab software was then used to perform noise reduction, registration, and 3D reconstruction of the point cloud data to generate a 3D model of the fruit. The maximum transverse and longitudinal diameters were automatically extracted based on the model. A high-precision electronic scale was used to measure the fresh weight of each fruit, and the yield per mu was calculated based on the planting density. After the fruit was manually dissected, a vernier caliper was used to measure the actual size of the seed cavity, which was then cross-validated with the 3D model data.

[0078] S3.4 Determination of edible quality of melon fruit

[0079] Hardness test: The hardness of the fruit was measured using a GY-1 hardness tester. First, adjust the hardness tester to zero, turn the dial so that the pointer is aligned with the scale line, then remove about 1 square centimeter of the fruit skin to expose the flesh, and then use the hardness tester to measure;

[0080] Sugar content determination: Use a refractometer to measure the sugar content of the sample by the refraction of light. Hold the saccharimeter, drop the sample on the front glass, and then observe the reading through the eyepiece at the rear end.

[0081] S3.5 Determination of nutritional quality of melon fruit

[0082] Soluble protein determination: Take 0.8 g of fresh melon fruit sample, grind it into a homogenate with 5 ml of distilled water or pH 7.0 phosphate buffer, dilute to 25 ml and filter. Take 1.0 ml of the filtrate in a test tube, adjust the zero value with a blank tube, and read the absorbance at 280 nm and 260 nm using a UV spectrophotometer. Calculate the protein content of the sample by checking the standard curve based on the absorbance.

[0083] Determination of VC content: Weigh 4.0g of fresh melon fruit sample, place it in a mortar, add 5ml of 2% oxalic acid, and quickly grind it into a homogenate to obtain a sample extract. Then filter the sample extract and transfer it to a 50ml volumetric flask. Rinse the residue repeatedly with 2% oxalic acid, then combine the filtrate and finally adjust the volume to 50ml. Pipette 10ml of the filtrate and place it in a 50ml conical flask. Immediately titrate with 2,6-dichloroindophenol solution until pink appears and does not fade within 15s. Record the volume of 2,6-dichloroindophenol solution used. At the same time, take 10ml of 2% oxalic acid solution and titrate with 2,6-dichloroindophenol solution to the end point. Record the amount of titrant used to calculate the VC content according to the formula;

[0084] Determination of soluble sugar: Prepare a standard tube and sample tube, then place them simultaneously in 100°C water in a water bath and heat for 10 minutes. Remove and cool to room temperature with cold water. Measure the absorbance at 620nm. Draw a standard curve with the absorbance as the ordinate and the sugar solution concentration as the abscissa. Dilute the sample solution appropriately and take 2ml of it. Perform the same procedure as for the standard tube. Record the absorbance at 620nm. The sugar content can be obtained based on the standard curve and then calculated.

[0085] Determination of organic acids: Weigh 5g of melon pulp and grind it into a homogenate in a mortar. Rinse the homogenate in the mortar into a conical flask with 30-50ml of distilled water and place it in a 60℃ water bath for extraction. Shake it every 5 minutes. After 30 minutes, remove it and cool it. After cooling, transfer it to a 100ml volumetric flask. Rinse the residue into the volumetric flask with distilled water and adjust the volume to 100ml. Then filter it. Take 20ml of the filtrate into a dry and clean conical flask, add 2 drops of 1% phenolphthalein, and titrate with 0.05mol / L NaOH solution until it turns slightly red. The titration endpoint is determined when the color does not fade after shaking for 1 minute. Read the NaOH consumption and calculate according to the corresponding formula;

[0086] S4. Data Processing

[0087] The experimental data were sorted out, and the differences between the treatment groups were tested for significance using SPSS27.0 software, with a significance level of (P<0.05).

[0088] The specific groups of this experiment are shown in the following table:

[0089]

[0090]

[0091]

[0092] By strictly controlling the amount of water irrigation and soil conditions based on different conditions of light, water, fertilizer and their interactions, we can explore the relationship between the coordination, promotion and restriction of various factors in the growth process of melons, and thus more comprehensively demonstrate the interaction mechanism of light and water and fertilizer treatments, which will help improve the yield and quality of melons and promote the development of the melon industry.

[0093] Among them, the leaf area of ​​S3.1 in the 50% fertilizer treatment group was significantly larger than that in the other fertilizer treatments, and the leaf area in the 70%-80% field capacity treatment group was significantly higher than that in the other treatments. The results of plant height were similar. The plant height in the 50% fertilizer treatment group was significantly larger than that in the other fertilizer treatments, and the plant height in the 70%-80% field capacity treatment group was significantly higher than that in the other treatments.

[0094] The experimental results of leaf area and plant height are shown in the attached diagram of the manual. Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown in the figure, the numbers represent: (1) 50% fertilizer / 40%-50% field water holding capacity, (2) 75% fertilizer / 50%-60% field water holding capacity, (3) 100% fertilizer / 60%-70% field water holding capacity, (4) 150% fertilizer / 70%-80% field water holding capacity, (5) 200% fertilizer; from the drawings in the specification Figure 1 It can be seen that the leaf area is larger at 50% fertilizer, and the leaf area is larger at 70%-80% field capacity; Figure 2 It can be seen that the plant height of the 50% fertilizer treatment group was higher, while the plant height of the 70%-80% field capacity treatment group was higher.

[0095] Among them, in S3.1, the stem thickness of the 50% fertilizer treatment group was significantly greater than that of the other fertilizer treatment groups, and the stem thickness of the 70%-80% field capacity treatment group was significantly higher than that of the other treatments. However, the results of the leaf number were not consistent. The leaf number of the 150% fertilizer treatment group was significantly greater than that of the other fertilizer treatments, and the leaf number of the 70%-80% field capacity treatment group was significantly higher than that of the other treatments. The results of chlorophyll content were similar to those of the leaf number.

[0096] The experimental results of stem diameter, leaf number and chlorophyll are shown in the attached figure of the manual. Figure 3 、 Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown in the figure, the numbers represent: (1) 50% fertilizer / 40%-50% field water holding capacity, (2) 75% fertilizer / 50%-60% field water holding capacity, (3) 100% fertilizer / 60%-70% field water holding capacity, (4) 150% fertilizer / 70%-80% field water holding capacity, (5) 200% fertilizer; the reason for the inconsistent experimental results on stem diameter and leaf number is that the increase in fertilizer makes the plants absorb more nutrients, and the excess nutrients may cause excessive nutritional growth.

[0097] Among them, the aboveground dry weight and root dry weight of S3.1 in the 100% fertilizer treatment group were significantly greater than those in the other fertilizer treatment groups, and the 60%-70% field capacity treatment group was significantly higher than the other treatments. The results of the total aboveground dry weight were not consistent. The total aboveground dry weight in the 150% fertilizer treatment group was significantly greater than that in the other fertilizer treatment groups, and the total aboveground dry weight in the 50% field capacity treatment group was significantly higher than that in the other treatments.

[0098] The experimental results of aboveground dry weight, root dry weight, total aboveground dry weight and total dry matter are shown in the attached figure of the manual. Figure 6 、 Figure 7 、 Figure 8 and Figure 9As shown, the numbers in the figure represent: (1) 50% fertilizer / 40%-50% field water holding capacity, (2) 75% fertilizer / 50%-60% field water holding capacity, (3) 100% fertilizer / 60%-70% field water holding capacity, (4) 150% fertilizer / 70%-80% field water holding capacity, and (5) 200% fertilizer; the results of aboveground dry weight, root dry weight and total aboveground dry weight are inconsistent, which is due to the influence of yield. For the total aboveground dry weight, the dry weight of the fruit needs to be added, and the yield of the 100% fertilizer treatment group is significantly higher than that of other treatments, and the 70%-80% field water holding capacity treatment group is higher than that of other treatments, indicating that suitable fertilizer and water enable the melon to achieve maximum yield, which ultimately results in the total dry weight result.

[0099] Among them, the single fruit weight of S3.3 in the 50% fertilizer treatment group was significantly higher than that in the other treatment groups, and the single fruit weight in the 70%-80% field water holding capacity treatment group was significantly higher than that in the other treatments. From the perspective of plant growth indicators, the 50% fertilizer treatment group and the 70%-80% field water holding capacity treatment group were most suitable for melon growth. In terms of fruit transverse and longitudinal diameters, the single fruit weight of the 100% fertilizer treatment group was significantly higher than that in the other treatments, and the transverse and longitudinal diameters of the fruit in the 70%-80% field water holding capacity treatment group were significantly higher than those in the other treatments, indicating that fruit yield is proportional to the transverse and longitudinal diameters of the fruit.

[0100] The experimental results of single fruit weight and yield are shown in the attached figure of the manual. Figure 10 and Figure 11 As shown in the figure, the experimental results of the fruit's horizontal and vertical diameters are shown in the figure. Figure 16 and Figure 17 As shown in the figure, the numbers represent: (1) 50% fertilizer / 40%-50% field water holding capacity, (2) 75% fertilizer / 50%-60% field water holding capacity, (3) 100% fertilizer / 60%-70% field water holding capacity, (4) 150% fertilizer / 70%-80% field water holding capacity, (5) 200% fertilizer; the reason why the single fruit weight of the 50% fertilizer treatment group was significantly higher than that of the other treatment groups was that the slightly less fertilizer than usual allowed the sugar content of the plant to accumulate, and the single fruit weight became larger.

[0101] Among them, the experimental results of photosynthetic characteristic indicators in S3.2 showed that the 150% fertilizer treatment group and the 70%-80% field water holding capacity treatment group were most suitable for melon growth.

[0102] The bar graph of the plant photosynthetic index experiment results is shown in the attached figure of the instruction manual. Figure 12-15As shown in the figure, the numbers represent: (1) 50% fertilizer / 40%-50% field water holding capacity, (2) 75% fertilizer / 50%-60% field water holding capacity, (3) 100% fertilizer / 60%-70% field water holding capacity, (4) 150% fertilizer / 70%-80% field water holding capacity, and (5) 200% fertilizer. It can be seen from the four figures that the plants grew most appropriately in the 150% fertilizer treatment group and the 70%-80% field water holding capacity treatment.

[0103] Among them, the sugar content of the melon fruit in S3.4 was best at 150% fertilizer and 70%-80% field water holding capacity, while the fruit hardness was best in the 100% fertilizer treatment group, and the fruit hardness at 70%-80% field water holding capacity was significantly higher than that in other treatment groups.

[0104] The bar graph of the experimental results of sugar content and hardness is shown in the attached figure of the manual. Figure 18 and Figure 19 As shown in the figure, the numbers represent: (1) 50% fertilizer / 40%-50% field water holding capacity, (2) 75% fertilizer / 50%-60% field water holding capacity, (3) 100% fertilizer / 60%-70% field water holding capacity, (4) 150% fertilizer / 70%-80% field water holding capacity, (5) 200% fertilizer; it means that when the fertilizer and water are most suitable for plant growth, the protein and hardness reach the highest.

[0105] Among them, the fertilizer in S3.5 had no significant effect on the amount of soluble protein in melon, but the soluble protein at 70-80% field holding capacity was significantly higher than that in other treatments; the effects of fertilizer on the VC content of melon were as follows: 150% fertilizer had the greatest effect on the VC content of melon, and 60-70% field holding capacity had a significantly higher effect on the VC content of melon than other treatments; and for the transverse and longitudinal diameters of seeds, 200% fertilizer and 70-80% field holding capacity were significantly different from other treatments; for the organic acid in the fruit, 200% fertilizer and 70-80% field holding capacity had the greatest effect on the organic acid in the fruit, and the quality acidity of the melon should be slightly reduced compared to the sweetness.

[0106] The experimental histograms of soluble protein, VC content, seed transverse and longitudinal cavity diameters, soluble sugars, and organic acids are shown in the attached figure. Figures 20 to 26As shown in the figure, the numbers represent: (1) 50% fertilizer / 40%-50% field water holding capacity, (2) 75% fertilizer / 50%-60% field water holding capacity, (3) 100% fertilizer / 60%-70% field water holding capacity, (4) 150% fertilizer / 70%-80% field water holding capacity, (5) 200% fertilizer; It can be seen from the figure that the protein in the fruit is more affected by water, while VC is more affected by fertilizer. The more fertilizer, the higher the VC content. As for organic acids, higher fertilizer and water content increase the organic acid content in melon fruits.

[0107] Among them, the sources of significant differences in various indicators in S4 mostly come from light, fertilizer, water, the interaction between light and water, and the interaction between fertilizer and water, while the interaction between the three factors has no significant effect on most indicators. The light factor mainly affects plant growth and photosynthetic indicators, but has little effect on quality indicators. Therefore, based on a comprehensive analysis of the above results, 50% shading, 50% fertilizer application, and 70%-80% field water holding capacity of watering are most suitable for melon growth.

[0108] The three-factor analysis table is shown below:

[0109]

[0110]

[0111] As can be seen from the above table, light factors mainly affect plant growth and photosynthetic indicators, but have little effect on quality indicators.

[0112] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as first and second, etc., are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that includes a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not explicitly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0113] While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations may be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, and that the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A method for measuring melon growth by combining light, water and fertilizer technology, characterized in that: The specific steps are as follows: S1. Experimental site and materials The experimental site was a solar greenhouse, and the melon variety used for testing was "Meiwang No. 9"; S2. Experimental Grouping The experiment used a three-factor controlled variable method. The experiment was divided into two light intensity treatment groups according to the different light intensities: no shading and shading. Each light intensity treatment group was divided into four field water holding capacity treatment groups, namely 40%-50% field water holding capacity, 50%-60% field water holding capacity, 60%-70% field water holding capacity, and 70%-80% field water holding capacity; each field water holding capacity treatment group was divided into five different fertilizer concentration treatment groups, namely 50% fertilizer, 75% fertilizer, 100% fertilizer, 150% fertilizer, and 200% fertilizer. There were a total of 40 treatment groups in this experiment. S3. Measurement items and methods S3.

1. Impact of melon growth indicators Growth indicators: Place the melon plant on a backlight board and use wire ties to secure the plant to the board so that it fits snugly. Place a ruler next to the plant and set up a camera stand directly above the plant to film it. Remove the plant and take the third or fourth functional leaf from the top of the plant. Lay the leaf flat on the backlight board, ensuring that it is fully extended and unobstructed. Film it again. Measure the plant height and root diameter with a tape measure and a vernier caliper, respectively, from the base of the plant to the top leaf. After filming, use WinFOLIA Pro to analyze the plant's leaf length, leaf width, and leaf area, as well as the plant height and root diameter. Rinse the soil on the surface of the plant with water, separate the rhizomes, and wipe the surface moisture with a paper towel. Then weigh the fresh weight of the aboveground and underground parts of the melon plants separately using an electronic scale. Then place the plants in an oven at 105°C for 30 minutes, and then dry them at 80°C to constant weight. Then weigh the dry weight of the aboveground and underground parts. The total aboveground dry weight = stem dry weight + leaf dry weight + fruit dry weight, and the total aboveground fresh weight = stem fresh weight + leaf fresh weight + fruit fresh weight. S3.2 Effects of photosynthetic characteristics of melon Photosynthetic characteristics: Select mature functional leaves with healthy growth, normal leaf color, and healthy extension, avoiding the main veins for testing. Each treatment group was tested 5 times, with 3 melon plants selected for each test. 3 leaves from each plant were randomly selected for testing. Net photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, stomatal conductance, and intercellular CO2 concentration were measured using a photosynthetic meter. S3.3 Determination of melon fruit growth quality Three melon fruits were selected from each treatment group and fixed on an automatic rotating table (rotating at 5° / s). A 3D scanner was used to obtain point cloud data of the fruit surface. MeshLab software was then used to perform noise reduction, registration, and 3D reconstruction of the point cloud data to generate a 3D model of the fruit. The maximum transverse and longitudinal diameters were automatically extracted based on the model. A high-precision electronic scale was used to measure the fresh weight of each fruit, and the yield per mu was calculated based on the planting density. After the fruit was manually dissected, a vernier caliper was used to measure the actual size of the seed cavity, which was then cross-validated with the 3D model data. S3.4 Determination of edible quality of melon fruit Hardness test: The hardness of the fruit was measured using a GY-1 hardness tester. First, adjust the hardness tester to zero, turn the dial so that the pointer is aligned with the scale line, then remove about 1 square centimeter of the fruit skin to expose the flesh, and then use the hardness tester to measure; Sugar content determination: Use a refractometer to measure the sugar content of the sample by the refraction of light. Hold the saccharimeter, drop the sample on the front glass, and then observe the reading through the eyepiece at the rear end. S3.5 Determination of nutritional quality of melon fruit Soluble protein determination: Take 0.8 g of fresh melon fruit sample, grind it into a homogenate with 5 ml of distilled water or pH 7.0 phosphate buffer, dilute to 25 ml and filter. Take 1.0 ml of the filtrate in a test tube, adjust the zero value with a blank tube, and read the absorbance at 280 nm and 260 nm using a UV spectrophotometer. Calculate the protein content of the sample by checking the standard curve based on the absorbance. Determination of VC content: Weigh 4.0g of fresh melon fruit sample, place it in a mortar, add 5ml of 2% oxalic acid, and quickly grind it into a homogenate to obtain a sample extract. Then filter the sample extract and transfer it to a 50ml volumetric flask. Rinse the residue repeatedly with 2% oxalic acid, then combine the filtrate and finally adjust the volume to 50ml. Pipette 10ml of the filtrate and place it in a 50ml conical flask. Immediately titrate with 2,6-dichloroindophenol solution until pink appears and does not fade within 15s. Record the volume of 2,6-dichloroindophenol solution used. At the same time, take 10ml of 2% oxalic acid solution and titrate with 2,6-dichloroindophenol solution to the end point. Record the amount of titrant used to calculate the VC content according to the formula; Determination of soluble sugar: Prepare a standard tube and sample tube, then place them simultaneously in 100°C water in a water bath and heat for 10 minutes. Remove and cool to room temperature with cold water. Measure the absorbance at 620nm. Draw a standard curve with the absorbance as the ordinate and the sugar solution concentration as the abscissa. Dilute the sample solution appropriately and take 2ml of it. Perform the same procedure as for the standard tube. Record the absorbance at 620nm. The sugar content can be obtained based on the standard curve and then calculated. Determination of organic acids: Weigh 5g of melon pulp and grind it into a homogenate in a mortar. Rinse the homogenate in the mortar into a conical flask with 30-50ml of distilled water and place it in a 60℃ water bath for extraction. Shake it every 5 minutes. After 30 minutes, remove it and cool it. After cooling, transfer it to a 100ml volumetric flask. Rinse the residue into the volumetric flask with distilled water and adjust the volume to 100ml. Then filter it. Take 20ml of the filtrate into a dry and clean conical flask, add 2 drops of 1% phenolphthalein, and titrate with 0.05mol / L NaOH solution until it turns slightly red. The titration endpoint is determined when the color does not fade after shaking for 1 minute. Read the NaOH consumption and calculate according to the corresponding formula; S4. Data Processing The experimental data were sorted out, and the differences between the treatment groups were tested for significance using SPSS27.0 software, with a significance level of (P<0.05).

2. A method for measuring melon growth by combining light, water and fertilizer technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: As for the leaf area described in S3.1, the leaf area in the 50% fertilizer treatment group was significantly larger than that in the other fertilizer treatments, and the leaf area in the 70%-80% field capacity treatment group was significantly higher than that in the other treatments. The results for plant height were similar. The plant height in the 50% fertilizer treatment group was significantly larger than that in the other fertilizer treatments, and the plant height in the 70%-80% field capacity treatment group was significantly higher than that in the other treatments.

3. A method for measuring melon growth by combining light, water and fertilizer technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: As described in S3.1, the stem diameter of the 50% fertilizer treatment group was significantly larger than that of the other fertilizer treatment groups, and the stem diameter of the 70%-80% field capacity treatment group was significantly higher than that of the other treatments. However, the results of the leaf number were not consistent. The leaf number of the 150% fertilizer treatment group was significantly larger than that of the other fertilizer treatments, and the leaf number of the 70%-80% field capacity treatment group was significantly higher than that of the other treatments. The results of chlorophyll content were similar to those of the leaf number.

4. The method for measuring melon growth by combining light, water and fertilizer technology according to claim 1, wherein: As described in S3.1, the aboveground dry weight and root dry weight of the 100% fertilizer treatment group were significantly greater than those of the other fertilizer treatment groups, and the 60%-70% field capacity treatment group was significantly higher than the other treatments. The results of the total aboveground dry weight were not consistent. The total aboveground dry weight of the 150% fertilizer treatment group was significantly greater than that of the other fertilizer treatment groups, and the total aboveground dry weight of the 50% field capacity treatment group was significantly higher than that of the other treatments.

5. The method for measuring melon growth by combining light, water and fertilizer technology according to claim 1, wherein: As described in S3.3, the single fruit weight of the 50% fertilizer treatment group was significantly higher than that of the other treatment groups, and the single fruit weight of the 70%-80% field water holding capacity treatment group was significantly higher than that of the other treatments. From the perspective of plant growth indicators, the 50% fertilizer treatment group and the 70%-80% field water holding capacity treatment group were most suitable for melon growth. As for the fruit transverse and longitudinal diameters, the single fruit weight of the 100% fertilizer treatment group was significantly higher than that of the other treatments, and the transverse and longitudinal diameters of the fruit at 70%-80% field water holding capacity were significantly higher than those of the other treatments, indicating that fruit yield is proportional to the transverse and longitudinal diameters of the fruit.

6. The method for measuring melon growth by combining light, water and fertilizer technology according to claim 1, wherein: The experimental results of photosynthetic characteristic indicators described in S3.2 showed that the 150% fertilizer treatment group and the 70%-80% field capacity treatment group were most suitable for melon growth.

7. The method for measuring melon growth by combining light, water and fertilizer technology according to claim 1, wherein: The sugar content of the melon fruit in the edible quality described in S3.4 was optimal at 150% fertilizer and 70%-80% field capacity, while the fruit hardness was optimal in the 100% fertilizer treatment group, and the fruit hardness at 70%-80% field capacity was significantly higher than that in other treatment groups.

8. The method for measuring melon growth by combining light, water and fertilizer technology according to claim 1, wherein: The fertilizers described in S3.5 had no significant effect on the amount of soluble protein in melons, but the soluble protein at 70-80% field holding capacity was significantly higher than that in other treatments; the effects of fertilizers on the VC content of melons were as follows: 150% fertilizer had the greatest effect on the VC content of melons, and 60-70% field holding capacity had a significantly higher effect on the VC content of melons than other treatments; and for the transverse and longitudinal diameters of seeds, 200% fertilizer and 70-80% field holding capacity were significantly different from other treatments; for the organic acid in the fruit, 200% fertilizer and 70-80% field holding capacity had the greatest effect on the organic acid in the fruit, and the quality acidity of the melon should be slightly reduced compared to the sweetness.

9. The method for measuring melon growth by combining light, water and fertilizer technology according to claim 1, wherein: The sources of significant differences in the various indicators described in S4 mostly come from light, fertilizer, water, the interaction between light and water, and the interaction between fertilizer and water. The interaction between the three factors has no significant effect on most indicators. The light factor mainly affects plant growth and photosynthetic indicators, but has little effect on quality indicators. Therefore, based on a comprehensive analysis of the above results, 50% shading, 50% fertilizer application, and 70%-80% of field water holding capacity of watering are most suitable for melon growth.

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