Tilted and / or overmolded optical assemblies for myopia management

Abstract

The present disclosure relates to methods of managing ocular axis length related diseases such as myopia. The present invention includes an ophthalmic lens for myopia management wherein the ophthalmic lens is configured with an optical region comprising a central remote region and at least one peripheral treatment region configured with optical components to increase the intensity of light diffusing throughout a focal retinal image. The central distal region of the ophthalmic lens provides foveal correction, and an optical component within the at least one peripheral treatment region provides directional guidance to the peripheral retina of the myopic eye as an optical stop signal to decelerate, control, suppress, or reduce the rate of myopia progression.

Description

[0001] Cross-references

[0002] The present disclosure is related to WO 2021 / 159170, entitled “Spectacle lens with auxiliary optical component,” which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. Technical Field

[0003] The present disclosure relates to ophthalmic lenses for eye diseases related to axial elongation, such as myopia. Background Art

[0004] The growth of the human eye is controlled by feedback mechanisms and regulated primarily by external visual experience (termed emmetropization). The signals guiding the emmetropization process are initiated by modulation of the light energy received by the retina. Image characteristics are monitored by biological processes that regulate signals that initiate, stop, accelerate, or slow axial elongation. Disturbances in the emmetropization process can lead to refractive errors such as myopia. Myopia is an optical disorder of the eye in which the image of distant objects is focused in front of the retina, or fovea. The incidence of myopia is increasing at an alarming rate in many parts of the world, particularly in East Asia. Although a pair of minus lenses can optically correct myopia, they do not address the underlying cause of excessive eye growth, which often leads to high myopia, which is also associated with serious vision-threatening conditions such as cataracts, glaucoma, myopic maculopathy, and retinal detachment. Therefore, there remains a need for specific optical treatments for these individuals that can not only correct the underlying error but also prevent excessive axial growth.

[0005] definition

[0006] The terms used herein are commonly used by those skilled in the art, unless otherwise defined below:

[0007] The term "myopia" or "myopia without astigmatism" refers to an eye that is already myopic, pre-myopic, at risk of myopia, or diagnosed as having a refractive disease that is progressing toward myopia and has an astigmatism of less than 1 DC.

[0008] The term "myopic astigmatism" or "myopic eye with astigmatism" refers to an eye that is myopic, pre-myopic, at risk of myopia, or diagnosed as having a refractive disorder progressing toward myopia and has an astigmatism equal to or greater than 1 DC.

[0009] The term "progressive myopia" refers to an eye diagnosed with progressive myopia as measured by a change in refractive error of at least -0.25 D / year or a change in axial length of at least 0.1 mm / year.

[0010] The term "premyopic" or "eye at risk for myopia" refers to an eye that may be emmetropic or low hyperopic at the time, but has been determined to have an increased risk of myopia based on genetic factors (e.g., both parents are myopic) and / or age (e.g., low hyperopia at a young age) and / or environmental factors (e.g., time outdoors) and / or behavioral factors (e.g., time performing near tasks).

[0011] The terms "optical stop signal," "stop signal," or "directional cue" refer to an optical signal that may help slow, reverse, arrest, delay, inhibit, or control eye growth and / or the refractive state of the eye.

[0012] The term "through focus" refers to an area that is substantially in front of and behind the retina. In other words, an area that is approximately just in front of the retina and / or approximately just behind the retina.

[0013] The term "optical component" refers to an area of ​​a lens in the peripheral treatment zone that has a specific optical effect that is different from the optical effect provided by the base prescription of the lens.

[0014] The term "spectacles" may refer to finished or semi-finished spectacle lenses. The terms "standard single-vision spectacle lenses" or "commercial single-vision spectacle lenses," "standard spectacles," "basic prescription for correcting refractive error," "distance prescription," or "integrated spectacle lenses" refer to spectacle lenses used to correct the underlying refractive error of the eye; wherein the refractive error may be myopia with or without astigmatism.

[0015] The term "optical zone" or "optical zone" refers to the area of ​​a lens that has the optical effect of the prescription.

[0016] The term "myopia management spectacle lens" refers to a spectacle lens having a central area and at least one peripheral treatment area, wherein the central area is configured with a distance prescription to provide foveal correction for myopia; and wherein the at least one peripheral treatment area is configured with a plurality of tilted optical components or overmolded optical components, with or without a tilt surrounded by the distance prescription.

[0017] The term or phrase "central distance zone" or "central zone" refers to the central area of ​​the optical zone having a substantially spherical or toric power distribution to correct the distance refractive error of the eye.

[0018] The term or phrase "peripheral treatment zone" refers to a peripheral area of ​​the optical zone configured with an optical component that provides an optical stop signal, wherein the optical component is surrounded by a region having a substantially spherical or toric power distribution that corrects the distance refractive error of the eye.

[0019] The term or phrase "axicon" refers to an optical component having a cone-like shape, where the apex of the cone is perpendicular to the geometric center of the base of the cone.

[0020] The term or phrase "tilted axicon" refers to an optical component that is an axicon or cone, wherein the apex of the axicon is not perpendicular to the geometric center of the axicon base.

[0021] The term or phrase "mirror cone" refers to an optical component having a shape similar to a cone with a curved apex or the top of a curved lens, wherein the apex of the cone with a curved tip is perpendicular to the geometric center of the cone base.

[0022] The term or phrase "tilted cone" refers to an optical component having a cone or a cone with a curved apex or a curved lens top, wherein the apex of the cone is not perpendicular to the geometric center of the base of the cone.

[0023] The term or phrase "overmolded optical assembly" refers to an optical assembly consisting of two outer assembly halves and a connecting assembly.

[0024] The term or phrase "non-tilt overmolded optical component" or "overmolded optical component with a central axis" refers to an overmolded optical component in which the vertex or vertex line connecting the components, i.e., the axis connecting the vertices of the two outer half components, is centered relative to the main line that bisects the rectangular base of the connecting components.

[0025] The term or phrase "overmolded optical component with a tilt" or "overmolded optical component with a tilt" refers to an optical component consisting of two outer component halves and a connecting component. The vertex or vertex line of the connecting component, i.e., the axis connecting the vertices of the two outer component halves, is off-centered relative to a principal line bisecting the rectangular base of the connecting component.

[0026] In the context of describing the outer half of an overmolded optical assembly, the term "radial" refers to directions radiating outward azimuthally to the outer edge of the outer half. The phrase "radial spokes" refers to spokes radiating outward at predetermined azimuth angles within the outer half.

[0027] The term "azimuth angle or azimuthal angle" refers to a direction along the circumference of two combined outer assembly halves, defined at any radial distance.

[0028] As used herein, the terms "focal power," "dioptric power," or "D" are unit measurements of dioptric power, defined as the reciprocal of the focal length of a lens or optical system along the optical axis, expressed in meters. The term "DS" refers to spherical dioptric power, and the term "DC" refers to cylindrical dioptric power.

[0029] The term "power extreme difference" refers to the difference between the maximum and minimum power within the asymmetrically varying power profile of each outer half of an overmolded optical component with or without tilt.

[0030] The term "power profile" refers to the one-dimensional power distribution of the local optical power on the two combined outer half components, either as a function of radial distance at a given azimuth angle referenced to the optical center; or as a function of azimuth angle measured at a given radial distance.

[0031] The term "spherical outer half" refers to an outer half of an overflow optical assembly that has substantially uniform power between all radial spokes, with or without tilt.

[0032] The term "astigmatic outer half" refers to the azimuthal power variation of an outer half of an overmolded optical component, with or without tilt.

[0033] The term "asymmetric outer half" refers to the power distribution of each outer half of an overmolded optical assembly with or without tilt.

[0034] The term "foveal correction" refers to correction performed on the eye in at least the fovea area on the retina of the eye. Summary of the Invention

[0035] Certain disclosed embodiments include spectacle lenses, devices, systems, and / or methods for changing the characteristics of incident light entering a human eye. Certain disclosed embodiments relate to spectacle lens configurations, methods, and / or systems for correcting and managing refractive errors.

[0036] Certain embodiments of the present disclosure are directed to correcting myopic refractive error and simultaneously providing an optical stop signal to prevent further progression of myopia. The present disclosure relates to methods for correcting myopia and controlling, inhibiting, or reducing the rate of myopia progression using tilted optical components and / or expansion optical components with or without tilt, wherein the tilted optical components are optimized, for example, at various field angles to increase the light intensity of through-focus retinal image expansion (TFRIS). The expansion optical components with or without tilt are exemplary features of the present disclosure and shall be referred to as overflow optical components with or without tilt in the remainder of the disclosure.

[0037] The present disclosure relates to an optical intervention method for reducing the rate of myopia progression by increasing the effectiveness of the light intensity of a TFRIS at various viewing angles to provide an optical stop signal or directional guidance.

[0038] The present disclosure particularly relates to a myopia management spectacle lens having a central area and at least one peripheral treatment area, wherein the central area is configured with a distance prescription to provide foveal correction for a myopic eye; wherein the at least one peripheral treatment area is configured with a plurality of tilted optical components surrounded by the distance prescription; wherein the tilted optical components are configured to increase the light intensity of the TFRIS as a function of the field of view angle to provide directional guidance to the peripheral retina, and the light signal is used to provide a light signal to the myopic eye to reduce the progression of myopia.

[0039] The present disclosure also relates to a myopia management spectacle lens having a central area and at least one peripheral treatment area, wherein the central area is configured with a distance prescription to provide foveal correction for a myopic eye; wherein the at least one peripheral treatment area is configured with a plurality of exfoliated optical components, the optical components having or not having a tilt surrounded by the distance prescription; wherein the exfoliated optical components having or not having a tilt are configured to increase the light intensity of the TFRIS to provide directional guidance to the peripheral retina, the directional guidance being used to provide an optical signal to the myopic eye to reduce myopia progression.

[0040] The altered light signal obtained or provided by introducing an increase in light intensity of the TFRIS as a function of the viewing angle can serve as a stop signal for progressive myopia. The tilted optical component and / or the extruded optical component and / or the tilted extruded optical component can include surface modifications and / or material matrix modifications to provide a desired level of light intensity to the eye when used in combination with a standard single vision one-piece base spectacle lens.

[0041] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the central retinal portion of the myopia management glasses wearer may include a central 1, 1.5, 2, 2.5, 3, 3.5, 4, 4.5, or 5 degree field of view. In some embodiments, the central retinal portion of the myopia management glasses wearer may be circular. In some other embodiments of the present disclosure, the central area of ​​the myopia management glasses lens may be elliptical or non-circular, for example, it may overflow toward the nose or below the nose to allow better close viewing through the central area of ​​the myopia management glasses. In some embodiments, the peripheral retinal portion of the myopia management glasses wearer may include a retinal area within a 5 degree, 10 degree, 15 degree, 20 degree, 25 degree, or 30 degree field of view.

[0042] Certain embodiments relate to devices, methods, and / or systems that can apply an optical stop signal at one or more retinal locations of a wearer's eye by using multiple tilted and / or overflow-molded optical components that are within, part of, integrated with, or juxtaposed to a one-piece base eyeglass lens.

[0043] Certain embodiments relate to devices, methods, and / or systems that can modify incident light through a myopia management spectacle lens to provide increased light intensity through the TFRIS to slow eye growth. This can be achieved by using multiple tilted optical components and / or overmolded optical components and / or tilted overmolded optical components in conjunction with or in combination with a standard single vision spectacle lens. According to certain exemplary embodiments, a method for selecting a myopia management spectacle lens for an individual eye to control and / or inhibit myopia progression by increasing the light intensity of the TFRIS is described herein.

[0044] Certain embodiments relate to optimized devices, methods, and / or systems that increase the light intensity of a TFRIS at various field angles and increase the light intensity in front of the retina. This can be achieved by using multiple tilting optical components and / or exfoliated optical components and / or tilting exfoliated optical components that are combined or used in combination with standard single vision spectacle lenses. According to certain exemplary embodiments, a method for selecting myopia management spectacle lenses for an individual's eye to control and / or inhibit myopia progression is described herein.

[0045] Certain embodiments of the present disclosure relate to methods for reducing or slowing eye growth. Certain embodiments of the present disclosure relate to devices for reducing the rate of myopia progression. An exemplary method of the present disclosure includes measuring the refractive power of at least one eye of a wearer; the method also determines a distance prescription based at least in part on the refractive power measurement of the eye, and the method also selects a myopia management spectacle lens for each eye, wherein the myopia management spectacle lens is configured with an integrated base spectacle lens having a basic distance prescription power substantially close to the refractive power measurement of the eye, and the integrated base lens is also configured with a plurality of tilted optical components and / or extruded optical components and / or tilted extruded optical components; wherein the plurality of tilted optical components and / or extruded optical components and / or tilted extruded optical components are configured to provide an optical effect to the eye that is different from that provided by the integrated base spectacle lens; and wherein the combination of the integrated base spectacle lens and the tilted optical components and / or extruded optical components and / or tilted extruded optical components is configured to provide an increase in light intensity of TFRIS on the retina of the myopic eye as, for example, a function of the visual field; which can further provide an optical signal to slow the progression of eye length.

[0046] In addition to the embodiments discussed in the Summary, other embodiments are disclosed in the Detailed Description, the accompanying drawings, the example claim set, and the claims. This Summary is not intended to encompass every embodiment, combination, or variation contemplated by the present disclosure. This Summary is not intended to limit the embodiments disclosed herein. Furthermore, limitations of one embodiment may be combined with limitations of other embodiments to form further embodiments.

[0047] The embodiments presented in this disclosure are directed to the ever-increasing need for enhanced optical designs and eyeglass lenses that can inhibit the progression of myopia while providing reasonable and adequate visual quality for the wearer to perform a range of daily activities. Various aspects of the embodiments disclosed herein address this need for the wearer. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0048] Figure 1 A top view and a side view of a linear axis cone are shown.

[0049] Figure 2 A top view and a side view of a mirror cone are shown.

[0050] Figure 3 A top view and a side view of an inclined linear axis cone are shown.

[0051] Figure 4 A top view and a side view of an inclined mirror cone with a circular base are shown.

[0052] Figure 5 A top view and a side view of an inclined lens with an elliptical base are shown.

[0053] Figure 6 A 3D image of an inclined mirror cone with an elliptical base and an inclined axis cone with an elliptical base are shown.

[0054] Figure 7 A schematic of a myopia management eyeglass lens embodiment of the present disclosure is shown, wherein the optical zone is composed of a substantially circular central distance zone with single vision correction and a peripheral treatment zone with an inclined mirror cone surrounded by a zone with single vision correction.

[0055] Figure 8 An overmolded optical assembly is shown, which includes two outer half- assemblies and a connecting assembly.

[0056] Figure 9 A top view, front view, and side view of an overmolded extended optical assembly with two spherical outer half-assemblies and a spherical connecting assembly are shown.

[0057] Figure 10 A top view, front view, and side view of an overmolded optical assembly with one spherical outer half-assembly, one toric outer half-assembly, and a spherical connecting assembly are shown.

[0058] Figure 11 A top view, front view, and side view of an overmolded optical assembly with two outer half-axis cones and an axis cone connecting assembly are shown.

[0059] Figure 12Shown are top, front, and side views of an extended optical assembly with two outer half-cones and a cone-like connection assembly.

[0060] Figure 13 Shown are top, front, and side views of an overmolded optical component with two external semi-axial cones and a mirror-like tilted connection component.

[0061] Figure 14 Shown are top views of various combinations of exemplary embodiments of the disclosed overmolded optical assemblies, illustrating different shapes and profiles of outer half assemblies, and connecting assemblies having different profiles, with the axis of the connecting assembly being centered or tilted.

[0062] Figure 15 Shown are top views and 3D images of an overmolded optical component with two spherical outer halves and a connecting component with a spherical profile and central axis.

[0063] Figure 16 Shown are top views and 3D images of an overmolded optical component with two spherical outer halves and a connecting component with a similar mirror cone profile and central axis.

[0064] Figure 17 Shown are top views and 3D images of an overmolded optical component with an axicon-like outer half and a connecting component with an axicon-like profile and a central axis.

[0065] Figure 18 Shown are top views and 3D images of an overmolded optical assembly having a spherical outer half, a toric outer half, and a connecting assembly with a spherical profile and a central axis.

[0066] Figure 19 Shown are top views and 3D images of an overmolded optical component with a spherical outer half, an axicon half, and a connecting component with a spherical profile and a central axis.

[0067] Figures 20 and 21 are not included in this specification.

[0068] Figure 22 A schematic diagram of an embodiment of a spectacle lens of the present disclosure is shown, wherein the optical zone is composed of a substantially circular central distance zone having a single vision correction and a peripheral treatment zone having a tilted overmolded optical component, the peripheral treatment zone being surrounded by a region having a single vision correction.

[0069] Figure 23Schematic diagram of on-axis and off-axis TFRIS for incident light at a visible wavelength (555 nm) and depicting the convergence of optical infinity 0D, incident on a -2D myopic model eye corrected with a prior art microlens-based lens.

[0070] Figure 24 Schematic diagram of on-axis and off-axis TFRIS when incident light with visible wavelength (555nm) and a convergence depicting optical infinity 0D is incident on a -2D myopic model eye corrected with axicon glasses previously disclosed in WO 2021 / 159170.

[0071] Figure 25 Schematic diagram of on-axis and off-axis TFRIS for incident light at a visible wavelength (555 nm) and depicting an aggregate power of optical infinity 0D incident on a model eye with -2D myopia corrected with an embodiment of the disclosed myopia management spectacle lens having a tilted optical component. A tilted linear axicon is used as an example.

[0072] Figure 26 Schematic diagrams of the on-axis and off-axis TFRIS obtained when incident light with a visible wavelength (555 nm) and a convergence depicting optical infinity 0D is incident on a -2D myopic model eye corrected by an embodiment of the myopia management spectacle lens of the present invention with an overflow-type optical component (with or without tilt), wherein the parameters of the tilted optical component of the myopia management spectacle lens result in increased light intensity of the TFRIS compared to the spectacle lens previously disclosed in WO 2021 / 159170, and / or wherein the parameters of the tilted optical component result in uneven light intensity of the TFRIS, the magnitude of which is greater in front of the retina than behind the retina.

[0073] Figure 27 A schematic diagram of an embodiment of a myopia management spectacle lens of the present disclosure is shown, wherein the optical zone is composed of a substantially circular central distance zone having a single vision correction and a peripheral treatment zone having a tilted cone, wherein the tilted cone is surrounded by the single vision correction zone.

[0074] Figure 28 A schematic diagram of an embodiment of a myopia management spectacle lens of the present disclosure is shown, wherein the optical zone is composed of a substantially circular central distance zone with single vision correction and three peripheral treatment zones with a lens cone, wherein the lens cone is surrounded by the single vision correction area, and the edge treatment zones have tilt and no tilt.

[0075] Figure 29A schematic diagram of an embodiment of a myopia management spectacle lens of the present disclosure is shown, wherein the optical zone is configured as a substantially circular central distance zone with single vision correction and three peripheral treatment zones with lens cones with and without surrounding tilt passing through the zone with single vision correction, wherein the amount of tilt of the lens cone and the size of the curvature apex is different between the peripheral treatment zones, i.e., it increases towards the periphery.

[0076] Figure 30 A schematic diagram of an embodiment of a myopia management spectacle lens of the present disclosure is shown, wherein the optical zone is configured as a substantially circular central distance zone having a single vision correction and three peripheral treatment zones having lens cones with and without surrounding tilt through the single vision correction zone, wherein the size, tilt amount, and size of the curvature apex of the lens differ between the peripheral treatment zones, i.e., they increase toward the periphery

[0077] Figure 31 A schematic diagram of an embodiment of a myopia management eyeglass lens of the present disclosure is shown, wherein the optical zone is composed of a basically circular central distance zone with single vision correction and two peripheral treatment zones with overflow-type optical components, which are composed of two spherical outer half components and a connecting component with a spherical profile and a central axis.

[0078] Figure 32 A schematic diagram of an embodiment of a myopia management spectacle lens of the present disclosure is shown, wherein the optical zone is composed of a basically circular central distance zone with single vision correction and two peripheral treatment zones with overflow-type optical components, which are composed of two asymmetric outer half components and a connecting component with a cone-like profile and an inclined axis.

[0079] Figure 33 A schematic diagram of an embodiment of a myopia management eyeglass lens of the present disclosure is shown, wherein the optical zone is composed of a basically circular central distance zone with single vision correction and three peripheral treatment zones with an optical component having a tilted cone and an overmolded type, wherein the overmolded type optical component is composed of two asymmetric outer half components and a connecting component with a cone-like profile and a tilted axis.

[0080] Figure 34 A schematic diagram of an embodiment of a myopia management spectacle lens of the present disclosure is shown, wherein the optical zone is composed of a basically circular central distance zone with single vision correction and three peripheral treatment zones with an overflow-type optical component, wherein the overflow-type optical component is composed of two asymmetric outer half components and a connecting component with a cone-like profile and a tilt axis, and wherein the tilt increases toward the periphery of the spectacle lens, and the width of the curved top of the cone-like profile is basically similar for all extended optical components.

[0081] Figure 35A schematic diagram of an embodiment of a myopia management spectacle lens of the present disclosure is shown, wherein the optical zone is composed of a basically circular central distance zone with single vision correction and three peripheral treatment zones with an overflow-type optical component, wherein the overflow-type optical component is composed of two asymmetric outer half components and a connecting component of a cone-like profile and a tilt axis, and wherein the tilt and width of the curved top of the cone-like profile increase toward the periphery of the spectacle lens.

[0082] Figure 36 A schematic diagram of an embodiment of a myopia management spectacle lens of the present disclosure is shown, wherein the optical zone is composed of a basically circular central distance zone with single vision correction and three peripheral treatment zones with an overflow-type optical component, wherein the overflow-type optical component is composed of two asymmetric outer half components and a connecting component with a cone-like profile and a tilt axis, and wherein the size of the extended optical component and the tilt and width of the curved top of the cone-like profile increase toward the periphery of the spectacle lens.

[0083] Figure 37 A schematic diagram of an embodiment of a myopia management eyeglass lens of the present disclosure is shown, wherein the optical zone is composed of a basic circular central distance zone with single vision correction and a peripheral treatment zone with an overflow-type optical component, wherein the overflow-type optical component is composed of a complex surface and a spherical outer half component and a connecting component with an axicon-like profile.

[0084] Figure 38 A schematic diagram of a vector tilt transformation applied to an axicon is shown, which produces a tilted axicon with a non-circular and non-elliptical base shape.

[0085] Figure 39 Comparison was made with spectacle lenses (prescription: 3D) equipped with a non-tilted axicon (e.g. Figure 24 and as previously disclosed in WO2021 / 159170) and configured with an inclined axicon having a 0.13 mm tilt (as Figure 25 The MTF of the off-axis through-focus lens (prescription: -3D) described in detail in the present disclosure is obtained when correcting a -3D myopic model eye. The through-focus MTF is obtained at a field angle of (0, 28) degrees.

[0086] Figure 40 Comparison was made with spectacle lenses (prescription: 3D) equipped with a non-tilted axicon (e.g. Figure 24 and as previously disclosed in WO2021 / 159170) and configured with a 0.19 mm tilted axicon (as Figure 25 The off-axis through-focus MTF obtained when the spectacle lens (described in detail in the present disclosure) is used to correct a -3D myopic model eye. The through-focus MTF is obtained at a field angle of (0, 33) degrees.

[0087] Figure 41 Comparison was made with spectacle lenses (prescription: 3D) equipped with a non-tilted axicon (e.g. Figure 24 and as previously disclosed in WO2021 / 159170) and configured with a 0.23 mm tilted axicon (as Figure 25 The off-axis through-focus MTF obtained when the spectacle lens (described in detail in the present disclosure) is used to correct a -3D myopic model eye. The through-focus MTF is obtained at a field angle of (0, 36) degrees.

[0088] Figure 42 Comparison was made with spectacle lenses (prescription: 3D) equipped with a non-tilted axicon (e.g. Figure 24 and as previously disclosed in WO2021 / 159170) and configured with a 0.25 mm tilted axicon (as Figure 25 The off-axis through-focus MTF obtained when the spectacle lens (described in detail in the present disclosure) is used to correct a -3D myopic model eye. The through-focus MTF is obtained at a field angle of (0, 40) degrees.

[0089] Figure 43 Comparison was made with spectacle lenses (prescription: 3D) equipped with a non-tilted axicon (e.g. Figure 2 and as previously disclosed in WO2021 / 159170) and configured with an inclined axicon having a 0.13 mm tilt (as Figure 4 and Figure 5 The MTF of the off-axis through-focus lens (prescription: -3D) is obtained when the lens is used to correct a -3D myopic model eye. The MTF of the through-focus lens is obtained at a field angle of (0, 28) degrees.

[0090] Figure 44 Comparison was made with spectacle lenses (prescription: 3D) equipped with a non-tilted axicon (e.g. Figure 2 and as previously disclosed in WO2021 / 159170) and configured with an inclined axicon having a 0.19 mm tilt (as Figure 4 and Figure 5 The MTF of the off-axis through-focus lens (prescription: -3D) is obtained when the lens is used to correct a -3D myopic model eye. The MTF of the through-focus lens is obtained at a field angle of (0, 33) degrees.

[0091] Figure 45 Comparison was made with spectacle lenses (prescription: 3D) equipped with a non-tilted axicon (e.g. Figure 2 and as previously disclosed in WO2021 / 159170) and configured with an inclined axicon having a 0.23 mm tilt (as Figure 4 and Figure 5The MTF of the off-axis through-focus lens (prescription: -3D) is obtained when the lens is used to correct a -3D myopic model eye. The MTF of the through-focus lens is obtained at a field angle of (0, 36) degrees.

[0092] Figure 46 Comparison was made with spectacle lenses (prescription: 3D) equipped with a non-tilted axicon (e.g. Figure 2 and as previously disclosed in WO2021 / 159170) and configured with an inclined axicon having a 0.25 mm tilt (as Figure 4 and Figure 5 The MTF of the off-axis through-focus lens (prescription: -3D) is obtained when the lens is used to correct a -3D myopic model eye. The MTF of the through-focus lens is obtained at a field angle of (0, 40) degrees.

[0093] Figure 47 A schematic diagram of an overmolding transformation is shown, which is applied to a reference axicon to produce an overmolded optical component by extension or overmolding along the y-axis of the reference axicon.

[0094] Figure 48 Comparison was made with spectacle lenses (prescription: 3D) equipped with a non-tilted overflow axicon (as disclosed in the present invention). Figure 11 and Figure 14 and configured with an inclined overmolded axle cone having a 0.17 mm inclination (as disclosed in the present invention). Figure 14 The off-axis through-focus MTF is obtained when the spectacle lens (shown) is used to correct a -3D myopic model eye. The through-focus MTF is obtained at a field angle of (0, 28) degrees.

[0095] Figure 49 Comparison was made with spectacle lenses (prescription: 3D) equipped with a non-tilted overflow axicon (as disclosed in the present invention). Figure 11 and Figure 14 and configured with an inclined overflow-type axle cone having a 0.2 mm inclination (as disclosed in the present invention). Figure 14 The off-axis through-focus MTF is obtained when the spectacle lens (shown in FIG) is used to correct a -3D myopic model eye. The through-focus MTF is obtained at a field angle of (0, 33) degrees.

[0096] Figure 50 Comparison was made with spectacle lenses (prescription: 3D) equipped with a non-tilted overflow axicon (as disclosed in the present invention). Figure 11 and Figure 14 and configured with an inclined overmolded axle cone having a 0.15 mm inclination (as disclosed in the present invention). Figure 14The off-axis through-focus MTF is obtained when the spectacle lens (shown in FIG) is used to correct a -3D myopic model eye. The through-focus MTF is obtained at a field angle of (0, 36) degrees.

[0097] Figure 51 Comparison was made with spectacle lenses (prescription: 3D) equipped with a non-tilted overflow axicon (as disclosed in the present invention). Figure 11 and Figure 14 and configured with an inclined overmolded axle cone having a 0.15 mm inclination (as disclosed in the present invention). Figure 14 The off-axis through-focus MTF is obtained when the spectacle lens (shown) is used to correct a -3D myopic model eye. The through-focus MTF is obtained at a field angle of (0, 40) degrees.

[0098] Figure 52 Comparison was made with spectacle lenses (prescription: 3D) equipped with a non-tilted overflow axicon (see FIG. Figure 11 , 14 and 16) and is configured with an inclined overflow-type shaft cone having a 0.15 mm inclination (as disclosed in the present disclosure Figure 14 The off-axis through-focus MTF is obtained when the spectacle lens (shown) is used to correct a -3D myopic model eye. The through-focus MTF is obtained at a field angle of (0, 28) degrees.

[0099] Figure 53 Comparison was made with spectacle lenses (prescription: 3D) equipped with a non-tilted overflow axicon (see FIG. Figure 11 , 14 and 16) and is provided with an inclined overflow-type shaft cone having a 0.3 mm inclination (as disclosed in the present invention Figure 14 The off-axis through-focus MTF is obtained when the spectacle lens (shown in FIG) is used to correct a -3D myopic model eye. The through-focus MTF is obtained at a field angle of (0, 33) degrees.

[0100] Figure 54 Comparison was made with spectacle lenses (prescription: 3D) equipped with a non-tilted overflow axicon (see FIG. Figure 11 , 14 and 16) and is configured with an inclined overflow-type axle cone having a 0.35 mm inclination (as disclosed in the present disclosure Figure 14 The off-axis through-focus MTF is obtained when the spectacle lens (shown in FIG) is used to correct a -3D myopic model eye. The through-focus MTF is obtained at a field angle of (0, 36) degrees.

[0101] Figure 55 Comparison was made with spectacle lenses (prescription: 3D) equipped with a non-tilted overflow axicon (see FIG. Figure 11 , 14 and 16) and is provided with an inclined overflow-type axle cone having a 0.1 mm inclination (as disclosed in the present disclosure Figure 14The off-axis through-focus MTF is obtained when the spectacle lens (shown) is used to correct a -3D myopic model eye. The through-focus MTF is obtained at a field angle of (0, 40) degrees.

[0102] Figure 56 Schematic diagrams of on-axis and off-axis TFRIS are shown for incident light at a visible wavelength (555 nm) and depicting an optical infinity convergence of 0D incident on a model eye using an embodiment of the myopia management spectacle lens of the present disclosure having a tilted optical component to correct -2D myopia, i.e., a tilted linear axicon, wherein the parameters of the tilted optical component result in an increase in light intensity in the TFRIS behind the retina.

[0103] Figure 57 Comparison was made with spectacle lenses (prescription: 3D) equipped with a non-tilted axicon (e.g. Figure 24 as previously disclosed in WO 2021 / 159170) and configured with an inclined axicon having a 0.550 mm tilt (as currently disclosed Figure 14 The off-axis through-focus MTF is obtained when the spectacle lens (prescription: -3D) is used to correct a -3D myopic model eye. The through-focus MTF is obtained at a field angle of (0, 33) degrees.

[0104] Figure 58 Compared with the tilted axicon configured with 0.13mm tilt (as disclosed in the present invention Figure 25 The spectacle lens (prescription: 3D) and the spectacle lens (prescription: 3D) are provided with a 0.17 mm tilted overflow axicon (as disclosed in the present invention) Figure 14 The off-axis through-focus MTF is obtained when using a spectacle lens (prescription: -3D) with a -3D myopia model eye. The through-focus MTF is obtained at a field angle of (0, 28) degrees.

[0105] Figure 59 A schematic diagram showing a vector tilt transformation applied to an axicon, which produces a tilted axicon whose basic shape is a circle.

[0106] Figure 60 Shown are top and side views of a tilted mirror cone with a non-circular, non-elliptical base. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0107] In this section, the present disclosure will be described in detail with reference to one or more embodiments, some of which are explained and supported by illustrations. The illustrations and embodiments are provided by way of explanation and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present disclosure. The following description is provided with respect to several embodiments that may share common characteristics and features of the present disclosure. It should be understood that one or more features of one embodiment may be combined with another or more features of any other embodiment that may constitute additional embodiments.

[0108] The functional and structural information disclosed herein should not be construed as limiting in any way, but rather should be interpreted merely as a representative basis for teaching those skilled in the art to variously employ the disclosed embodiments, as well as variations of such embodiments. Subheadings and related subject headings used in the detailed description are included solely for the convenience of the reader and should in no way be used to limit the subject matter encompassed by the invention or the claims of this disclosure. Furthermore, subheadings and related subject headings should not be used in interpreting the scope of a claim or claim limitations.

[0109] Prior art eyeglass designs for myopia management include the use of executive bifocals, D-shaped bifocals, and concentric bifocals, conventional progressive addition lenses, and special types of progressive addition lenses, including symmetrical and asymmetrical types, multifocals, lenses with multiple defocus zones, and glasses with positive spherical aberration, which may be referred to as peripheral addition lenses. Each of these eyeglass lens designs has its strengths and weaknesses. Some of the disadvantages are described herein. For example, some are based on various types of bifocals, multifocals, and progressive lenses or peripheral addition powers that impair visual quality in the peripheral field of view by introducing significant visual disturbances such as wobbling effects, image jumps, residual aberrations, and peripheral distortion. The side effects may be attributed to significant levels of simultaneous and / or multiple defocus zones, zones, or segments, or the use of significant amounts of positive spherical aberration in the lens, or drastic changes in the power within a given zone of the eyeglass lens.

[0110] Progressive addition spectacle lenses, the gold standard for treating presbyopia, have been tested for the treatment of myopia with little to no significant effect, as measured in multiple randomized controlled clinical trials. Furthermore, several attempts to modify the design of progressive addition lenses to account for changes in the young eye and the associated optical characteristics have been largely ineffective. The underlying reasons for the observed ineffectiveness of progressive and other traditional bifocal and multifocal spectacle lenses for the treatment of myopia can be attributed to two factors: (a) the dependence of optical correction on the wearer's gaze, in other words, the wearer can choose to use or not use the therapeutic optics within the spectacle lens; and / or (b) the distance of the treatment area from the wearer's pupillary area / visual axis.

[0111] For example, spectacle lens designs developed with the above limitations of the prior art in mind may achieve greater results in reducing myopia progression than designs that incorporate conventional or traditional bifocal, multifocal, or progressive addition "similar" optics within spectacle lenses.

[0112] The following references are incorporated herein in their entirety to support the above findings. To et al., U.S. Patent 10268050B2 teaches the use of multi-segment optical components combined with defocus to control myopia progression. A peer-reviewed scientific paper by Lam et al., BrJ Ophthalmol 2019, 104, 363–368, entitled “Multi-segment defocus zone combination (DIMS) spectacle lenses slow myopia progression: a 2-year randomized clinical trial”, demonstrated the clinical utility of U.S. Patent 10268050B2. Following the first successful approach disclosed in the prior art US1026850B2 to manage progressive myopia using a lens combined with multi-segment defocus zones, the ophthalmic industry has been eager to incorporate microlens- and microlens-based technologies into spectacle lenses, aiming to improve the prior art 1026850B2 for both glasses and contact lens application modes. The following references are incorporated herein in their entirety, which relate to contact lens-based applications. For example, U.S. Patent No. 2016 / 037784A1, entitled "Contact Lens Including Non-coaxial Microlenses for Preventing and / or Slowing Myopia Progression," by Brennan et al., teaches the use of multiple non-coaxial lenslets or optical components for myopia progression. The presently disclosed U.S. Patent No. 2016 / 0377884A1 contemplates the use of high defocus added to the retinal region within the optic zone of a contact lens to manage myopia. Furthermore, in another patent application entitled "Device and Method for Controlling Axial Growth with a Lens," Newman discloses the use of multiple optical components or features for the purpose of redirecting peripheral light rays from the central region of the retina into the eye to prevent the progression of myopia.

[0113] The following references are incorporated herein in their entirety and relate to applications based on eyeglass lenses that require improvements to prior art 10268050B2. For example, Matthieu et al., in their patent application WO 2019 / 16659A9 entitled “Optical lens assembly,” disclose the use of aspheric optics in a zone optical assembly and the use of a plurality of at least two consecutive optical assemblies configured to effectively slow the progression of myopia. Replacing the conventional spherical optics described in prior art 10268050B2 with aspheric optics is considered an improvement over the prior art due to its practicality and the specific arrangement of the envisioned aspheric optical assemblies. Patent application WO 2020 / 079105 A1 entitled “Optical lens” teaches additional methods for determining optical lens assemblies for use in conjunction with eyeglass lenses for controlling myopia progression.

[0114] In patent application WO 2020 / 078691A1 entitled “Optical article comprising encapsulated microlenses and method of manufacturing the same”, Matthieu et al. expanded the use of multiple optical components such as microlenses on the surface of the lens, which can promote the desired positive additional power to focus a portion of the incident light in front of the retina and control the progression of myopia. In a further improvement to the disclosure of an optical component based on a combination of multiple defocus zones described in prior art US1026850B2, in patent application WO 2020 / 078964A1 entitled “Improved optical article incorporating optical components and method of manufacturing the same”, the use of microlenses with Fresnel structures embedded in eyeglass lenses to prevent the progression of myopia is further taught.

[0115] In another application mode, Bakaraju et al. proposed in U.S. Patent US20200073147A1 the use of microlenses incorporated into eyeglass lenses to provide spectral cues to the eye that help slow the progression of myopia. In short, all small lens-based technologies proposed for myopia involve the use of defocused or aspheric microlenses to impose a certain degree of defocus on the central and / or peripheral areas of the retina. In addition, in order to improve visual performance, various arrangements of microlens "similar" features to be incorporated into eyeglass lenses have been considered. See examples in U.S. Patent 1026850B2, patent applications WO 2019 / 1166659A9, WO 2020 / 079105A1, WO 202 / 078691, WO 2021 / 078964 A1 and US2020 / 0073147A1

[0116] The next generation eyewear solutions for myopia management envisioned in the present disclosure are intended to use eyewear lenses configured with multiple optical components and / or overflow optical components with and without tilt to increase the intensity of light diffused through the retina as a function of the viewing angle, for example, to optimize the directional guidance delivered to the peripheral retina.

[0117] Figure 1 A top view (101) and a side view (102) of an optical component, namely a linear axicon (100) having a cone-like shape, are shown. The top view (101) of the linear axicon shows its vertex (101a) at its geometric center and its circular base shape (101b). The side view (102) of the axicon shows its vertex (102a), height (102b), and steepness, defined by angles (102c) and (102d).

[0118] Figure 2A top view (201) and a side view (202) of an optical component, namely a mirror cone (200), is shown, which shape resembles a circular cone with a curved top or a curved lenticular top. Alternatively, the mirror cone can be described as an optical component that is a combination of a linear axicon and a lens. The top view (201) of the mirror cone shows the apex (201a) located at its geometric center, the size of the circular curved lenticular top (201e), and the size of the circular base shape (201f). The side view (202) of the mirror cone shows the apex (202a), the height of the mirror cone defined by the combination of the curved lenticular top (202e) and the lower axicon portion (202f), and the steepness of the mirror cone defined by the angles (202c) and (202d).

[0119] Two optical components, namely a linear axicon and a mirror cone and other rotationally symmetric axicon-like components, have been previously described in the related disclosure WO 2021 / 159170 for use in myopia management spectacle lenses.

[0120] Figures 3 to 6 A non-rotationally symmetric axicon-like or lenticular-like optical component, namely a tilted optical component, is described for use in myopia management spectacle lens embodiments of the present disclosure. Tilted alignment of the optical component on the myopia management spectacle lens relative to the eye pupil center can increase the light intensity of the TFRIS at various field angles, which can provide a stronger directional guidance or stop signal to the peripheral retina compared to the previously disclosed WO 2021 / 159170, thereby providing a better means to slow down eye growth.

[0121] Figure 3 A top view (301) and a side view (302) of a tilted optical component, namely a tilted linear axicon (300), is shown, which shape resembles a tilted circular cone. The top view (301) of the tilted linear axicon shows the apex (301a) with an off-center distance (301h) from the geometric center (301g) and a circular base shape (301b). The side view (302) of the tilted linear axicon shows the apex (302a), the height (302b), and the steepness and tilt of the tilted linear axicon defined by the angles (302c) and (302d).

[0122] Figure 4A top view (401) and a side view (402) of a tilted optical assembly, namely a tilted mirror cone (400), are shown, which is shaped like a tilted cone with a curved lens top. The top view (401) of the tilted mirror cone shows the dimensions of the lens top (401e) and the dimensions of the circular base (401f). The top view (401) of the tilted mirror cone further shows the tilted mirror cone having an apex (401a) that is an eccentric distance (401h) from the geometric center (401g) of the circular base (401f). The side view (402) of the tilted mirror cone shows the apex (402a) and the height of the tilted lens, which is defined by the combined height of the curved lens top (402e) and the height of the lower axicon portion (402f). The side view (402) further shows the steepness and tilt of the tilted mirror cone, which are defined by angles (402c) and (402d).

[0123] Figure 5 A top view (501) and a side view (502) of a tilted optical assembly, namely a tilted mirror cone (500), are shown, which is shaped like a tilted cone with a curved lens top. The top view (501) of the tilted mirror cone shows the dimensions of the lens top (501e) and the dimensions of the elliptical base (501f). The top view (501) of the tilted mirror cone further shows the tilted mirror cone having an apex (501a) that is eccentric along the z-axis from the geometric center (501g) of the elliptical base (501f) by a distance (501h). The side view (502) of the tilted mirror cone shows the apex (502a) and the height of the tilted lens, which is defined by the combined height of the curved lens top (502e) and the height of the lower axicon portion (502f). The side view (502) further shows the steepness and tilt of the tilted mirror cone, which are defined by angles (502c) and (502d). The shape of the base of the tilting optical component, which can be spherical or aspherical, can be selected based on the convenience of production on either of the two eyeglass lens surfaces.

[0124] In some examples, the shape of the base of the tilting optical assembly can be circular or elliptical. In other examples of the present disclosure, the shape of the base of the tilting optical assembly can be non-circular, non-elliptical, or similar to a combination of two semi-ellipses of different sizes (see Figure 38 and 60 ).

[0125] Figure 6 Shown as Figure 5 The top view (601a) and 3D image (601b) of the tilted mirror cone with an elliptical base, and the top view and 3D image of the tilted linear axis cone with an elliptical base.

[0126] Figure 7A schematic diagram of an embodiment (700) of a myopia management spectacle lens of the present disclosure is shown (left), wherein an optical zone (701) with an optical center (702) is composed of a substantially circular central distance zone (703) with single vision correction and a peripheral treatment zone (704) with an inclined lens cone (705) having a circular base, as shown in FIG. Figure 4 As shown, the peripheral zone is the area with single vision correction. The position of each tilted cone (705) in the eyeglass lens embodiment is defined by the distance (707) between the optical center (702) and the geometric center (706) of the tilted cone (705) and the azimuth angle (708).

[0127] Figure 7 A magnified version of a tilted lens cone (705, right) is further illustrated, wherein the vertex (7051) of the curved lens top (7052) is eccentrically located a distance (7054) from the geometric center (7053), and further wherein the orientation of the tilted vertex in an eyeglass lens embodiment is defined by an azimuth angle (7055).

[0128] In other examples, the optical components in the eyeglass lens embodiments can be tilted linear axicons with circular bases, tilted linear axicons with elliptical bases, tilted axicons-like components with circular or elliptical bases (e.g., logarithmic axicons, hybrid axicons), or components with elliptical bases or tilted axicons. In other examples, the optical components in the eyeglass lens embodiments can be a combination of different tilted optical components, or a combination of centered and tilted optical components, whose tilt amount and / or size varies with field of view angle. In other examples, where the eyeglass lens embodiments include tilted axicons or a combination of tilted axicons and centering axicons, the size of the curved lens top of the lens can also vary as a function of the field of view and / or as a function of the through-focus intensity. In other examples, the central distance zone can be non-circular or elliptical.

[0129] Figures 8 to 13 An overmolded optical assembly for use with the myopia management spectacle lens embodiments of the present disclosure is described.

[0130] Figure 8 A top view of an optical assembly, such as a prior art spherical microlens (801), is shown. To form an overflow-molded optical assembly (804) for use in the disclosed myopia management eyeglass lens embodiment, the spherical microlens (801) is equally divided into two spherical half-assemblies (802a and 802b), separated by a gap (803c) and filled with a connecting assembly (804d). In this example, the profiles of the two outer half-assemblies and the connecting assembly are spherical. In other examples, the profile of at least one of the two outer half-assemblies can be toric, asymmetric, aspherical, axicon-like, mirror-like, hybrid axicon-like, axicon-like, etc.

[0131] Figure 9A top view (901), a front view (902), and a side view (903) of an overflow-molded optical assembly (900) of the present disclosure are shown.

[0132] Figure 10 A top view (1001), a front view (1002), and a side view (1003) of the overflow-molded optical assembly (1000) of the present disclosure are shown, wherein the axis of the connecting assembly (1001c) is centered along the x-axis.

[0133] Figure 11 A top view (1101), a front view (1102), and a side view (1103) of the overflow-molded optical assembly (1100) of the present disclosure are shown, wherein the axis of the connecting assembly (1101c) is centered along the x-axis.

[0134] Figure 12 A top view (1201), a front view (1202), and a side view (1203) of the overflow-molded optical component (1200) of the present disclosure are shown, wherein the axis of the connecting component (1201c) is centered along the x-axis.

[0135] Figure 13 A top view (1301), a front view (1302), and a side view (1303) of an overflow-molded optical component (1300) of the present disclosure are shown, the optical component having two semi-axonic cones (1301a and 1301b) and a connecting component (1301c) having axonic cone-like properties (1303), and a height (or vertex) of 1302a defined by angles 1303c and 1303d, and wherein the axis (1301g) of the connecting component (1301c) is eccentric to the x-axis by a distance 1301h.

[0136] Figure 14 A top view of various other combinations of overflow-molded optical components used in exemplary myopia management eyeglass lens embodiments of the present disclosure is shown, and the connecting components of the extended optical components are configured to have different profiles, wherein the axis is centered or tilted relative to the x-axis that bisects the connecting components. In other examples, the profiles of the two outer half components and / or the connecting component can be axicon-like (e.g., logarithmic axicon) or hybrid axicon (i.e., a hybrid component between a linear axicon and a logarithmic axicon).

[0137] like Figure 9 and Figure 14 As shown, Figure 15 A top view (1501) and a 3D image (1502) of an overmolded optical component are shown, the optical component having two spherical outer half components and a connecting component having a spherical profile and a central axis.

[0138] like Figure 14 As shown, Figure 16 A top view (1601) and a 3D image (1602) of an overmolded optical component are shown, the optical component having two spherical outer half components and a connecting component with a mirror cone-like profile and a central axis.

[0139] like Figure 14 As shown, Figure 17 A top view (1701) and a 3D image (1702) of an overmolded optical component are shown, the optical component having two axicon-like outer half components and a connecting component having an axicon-like profile and a central axis.

[0140] like Figure 14 As shown, Figure 18 A top view (1801) and a 3D image (1802) of an overmolded optical assembly having a spherical outer half, a toric outer half, and a connecting assembly having a spherical profile and a central axis are shown.

[0141] Figure 19 A top view (1901) and a 3D image (1902) of an overmolded optical component are shown, the optical component having a spherical outer half component, an axiconical outer half component, and a connecting component having a spherical profile and a central axis.

[0142] In other examples, the overmolded optical assembly can have different combinations of shapes and / or profiles of the two outer assembly halves, as well as different profiles with different amounts of tilt about the axis connecting the assembly.

[0143] In the example power distribution 2101, the power of the two outer half components (2101a and 2101b) remains constant across all azimuths, ie, the spherical power distribution of the two inner half components is approximately +1.5DS.

[0144] In the example power profile 2102, the power of the two outer half components (2101a and 2101b) varies in azimuth, i.e., it follows a cosine function with a normal frequency (i.e., two cosine cycles over 360°). In this example, the power of each toric outer half component is +0.5DS / +1.5DC.

[0145] In the example power profile 2103, the power of the first outer half (2103a) varies in azimuth (i.e., one cosine period over 180°), representing a toric outer half with a power of +0.5DS / +1.5DC. The power of the second outer half (2103b) remains constant across azimuth (i.e., between 180° and 360°), with a spherical power of +0.5DS.

[0146] In example power profile 2104, the power of the two outer half components (2104a and 2104b) varies in azimuth and differs between the two halves. The power of the first outer half component (2104a) has a power of +0.5 DS with an extreme power difference of +0.75 D, while the power of the second outer half component has a power of +1.25 DS with an extreme power difference of +7.75 D.

[0147] Figure 22 A schematic diagram (left) of an embodiment of a myopia management spectacle lens of the present disclosure (2200) is shown, wherein the optical zone (2201) is composed of a central distance zone (2203) with single vision correction and a peripheral treatment zone (2204) with an overflow type optical component (2205), which is surrounded by a region with single vision correction. In this example, the overflow type optical component (2205) is configured by two asymmetric outer half components with a cone-like connection component, but in other examples, they can be other overflow type optical components, such as Figure 14 The position of each tilted overmolded optical component (2205) in the myopia management spectacle lens embodiment is defined by the distance (2207) between the optical center (2202) and the center of the tilted overmolded optical component (2206), i.e., the center of the bisecting connection unit along the y-axis, and the azimuth angle (2208).

[0148] Figure 22 A magnified version of a tilted, overmolded optical component (2205, right) is further illustrated, comprising two asymmetric outer halves (2205a and 2205b) and a connecting component (2205c), wherein the power profile of each outer half is defined by a radial distance (2205d) and an azimuthal angle (2205e). Furthermore, a vertex (2205f) of the connecting component (2205), i.e., an axis connecting the vertices of the two outer halves, is eccentric relative to an x-axis or principal line (2205g) that bisects a rectangular base of the connecting component (2205c). In other examples, where the overmolded optical component is not tilted, the vertex of the connecting component is aligned with the x-axis or principal line that bisects the rectangular base of the connecting component.

[0149] Figure 23A schematic diagram (2300, not to scale) of on-axis and off-axis TFRIS (2303a-d) of a model eye (2301) corrected for, for example, -2D myopia is shown for incident light (0°, 2302a; 10°, 2302b; 20°, 2302c; 30°, 2303d) at a visible wavelength (e.g., 555 nm) described as optically infinite convergence of 0D, incident on a prior art spectacle lens (2306) configured with a clear central optical zone without lenticules and a peripheral treatment zone configured with positive power spherical or aspheric lenticules (2307a). Figure 23 It shows that for incident light of 0° (2302a), the light is focused on the retina, that is, a peak of increased light intensity is generated on the retina (2303a). In addition, Figure 23 It shows that for incident light at 10° (2302b), 20° (2302c) and 30° (2302d), where the microlens (2307a) is located, the light is focused in front of the retina, producing a narrow TFRIS (2303b-d) in front of the retina.

[0150] Figure 24 A schematic diagram (2400, not to scale) of the on-axis and off-axis TFRIS (2403a-d) of a model eye (2401), for example, a 2D myopic eye, is shown when incident light (0°, 2402a; 10°, 2402b; 20°, 2402c; 30°, 2403d) at a visible wavelength (e.g., 555nm) and described as optically infinite convergence 0D is incident on a myopia management spectacle lens (2406) having an axicon (2407a and 2407b) (as previously disclosed in WO 2021 / 159170). In this example, a myopia management eyeglass lens (2406) is configured with an axicon (2407a) positioned for incident light at 0° (2402a), 10° (2402b), 20° (2402c), and 30° (2402d), resulting in an increase in the light intensity of the TFRIS (2403a-d).

[0151] Figure 25A schematic diagram (2500, not to scale) of the on-axis and off-axis TFRIS (2503a-d) of a myopia management spectacle lens embodiment (2506) of the present disclosure with tilted axicons (2507a and 2507b) for incident light at a visible wavelength (e.g., 555 nm) and described as optically infinite convergence 0D is shown, incident on a model eye (2501), e.g., -2D myopia, using a tilted axicon (2507a) of the present disclosure. In this example, the myopia management spectacle lens (2506) is configured with a tilted axicon (2507a) for incident light positioned at 10° (2502b), 20° (2502c), and 30° (2502d). In other examples, the tilted optical component can be a tilted mirror cone or a tilted axicon-like component (e.g., a logarithmic axicon, a hybrid axicon). In other examples, the position of the tilted optical component can be for incident light (i.e., field angles) ranging between 0° and 20°, 0° and 40°, 10° and 30°, 10 degrees and 50°, and 0° and 50°. When compared to the previously disclosed exemplary embodiment (WO 2021 / 159170), the tilted axicon (2507a) produces an increase in the light intensity of the TFRIS (2503a-d). Moreover, in this exemplary embodiment, the parameters of the tilted optical component result in an increase in the light intensity of the TFRIS compared to the spectacle lens previously disclosed in WO 2021 / 159170, and / or the parameters of the tilted optical component result in a non-uniform light intensity of the TFRIS, wherein the magnitude of the light intensity is greater in front of the retina than behind the retina.

[0152] Figure 26A schematic diagram (2600, not to scale) of the on-axis and off-axis TFRIS (2603a-d) of a myopia management spectacle lens embodiment (2606) of the present disclosure with overflow-molded optical components (2607a and 2607b) for incident light (0°, 2602a; 10°, 2602b; 20°, 2602c; 30°, 2603d) at a visible wavelength (e.g., 555 nm) and described as optically infinite convergence 0D is shown. In this example, the myopia management spectacle lens (2606) is configured with an overflow-molded axicon (2607a) positioned for incident light (i.e., viewing angles) of 10° (2602b), 20° (2602c), and 30° (2602d). In other examples, the extended optical assembly can be configured from half assemblies or connected assemblies having different profiles (e.g., conical, toric, asymmetric). In other examples, the position of the tilted optical assembly can be used for incident light ranging between 0° and 20°, 0° and 40°, 10° and 30°, 10 degrees and 50°, and 0° and 50°. When compared to the previously disclosed exemplary embodiment (WO 2021 / 159170), the overmolded axicon (2607a) produces an increase in the light intensity of the TFRIS when compared to the non-tilted spectacle lens previously disclosed in WO 2021 / 159370. In addition, the parameters of the tilted optical assembly result in a non-uniform light intensity of the TFRIS, where the magnitude of the light intensity is greater in front of the retina when compared to behind the retina.

[0153] Figure 27 A schematic diagram (left) (2700, not to scale) of an embodiment of a myopia management spectacle lens of the present disclosure is shown, wherein the optical zone (2701) having the optical center (2702) is composed of a substantially circular central distance zone (2703) having a single vision correction and a peripheral treatment zone (2704) having a tilted lens cone (2705).

[0154] also, Figure 27 A magnified version of a tilted mirror cone (2705, right) is shown where the vertex (2705a) with the curved lens top (2705b) is off-center from its geometric center (2705c), and where the orientation of the tilted vertex is defined by an azimuth angle (2705d).

[0155] The amount of tilt of the tilt cone, the size of the curved lens top area, the size and height, and the number and location of the tilt cones in the myopia management spectacle lens embodiments of the present disclosure can be optimized to increase the amount of TFRIS light intensity at various field angles and increase the light intensity in front of the retina. This increased through-focus intensity provides the optical signal needed to slow eye growth. In addition to providing the signal to slow eye growth, the myopia management spectacle lens embodiments also achieve foveal vision through the central distance vision zone and good peripheral vision through the peripheral vision zone. The peripheral treatment zone can be optimized so that a balance of treatment and visual quality can be achieved.

[0156] In other examples, the tilted optical component can be a tilted linear axicon, a tilted logarithmic axicon, a tilted hybrid axicon, a tilted axicon lens, or a combination of various optical components. For example, in addition to tilting, the curvature of the hybrid axicon or lens axicon can be optimized as a function of the field angle to increase the peak through-focus intensity in front of the retina.

[0157] Figure 28 A schematic diagram (left) (2800, not to scale) of an embodiment of a myopia management spectacle lens of the present disclosure is shown, wherein the optical zone (2801) having the optical center (2802) is composed of a substantially circular central distance zone (2803) having a single vision correction and three peripheral treatment zones (2804a, 2804b, 2804c) of centered (2805) and angled (2806 and 2807) lens cones surrounded by the single vision correction area. The lens cones (2805, 2806, 2807) in all three peripheral treatment zones (2804a, 2804b, and 2804c) have curved lens tops of approximately the same size.

[0158] also, Figure 28 A magnified version of a centered and tilted lens (right) is shown for three peripheral treatment zones (2804a, 2804b, and 2804c). While the apex of the cone (2805) in the first peripheral treatment zone (2804a) is centered relative to its geometric center (2805g), the apex of the tilted cone (2806) in the second peripheral treatment zone (2804b) is decentered from its geometric center (2806g), and the apex of the tilted cone (28007) in the third peripheral treatment zone is decentered from its geometric center (2807g). In this example, the orientation of the apex of the tilted cones in the disclosed spectacle lens embodiments is selected to coincide with the azimuth of the geometric center position of each tilted cone. The orientation of the cone apex and the variation in tilt as a function of field of view can be optimized to provide an increase in light intensity from TFRIS at various field of view angles and an increase in light intensity in front of the retina. This increase in through-focus light intensity provides the desired optical signal to slow eye growth.

[0159] In other examples, the axicon in the first peripheral treatment zone can be tilted. In other examples, the number of treatment zones can be 1, 2, 4, 5, or 6. In other exemplary myopia management spectacle lens embodiments, the orientation of the axicon vertex can be inconsistent with the azimuth of the geometric center position of the axicon. In other examples, the tilted optical component can be a tilted linear axicon, a tilted logarithmic axicon, a tilted axicon lens, or a combination of various tilted optical components. For example, in addition to tilting, the curvature of the hybrid axicon or axicon can be optimized as a function of the field of view angle to obtain an increase in through-focus intensity that peaks in front of the retina.

[0160] Figure 29 A schematic diagram (left) (2900, not to scale) of an embodiment of a myopia management spectacle lens of the present disclosure is shown, wherein the optical zone (2901) having the optical center (2902) is configured by a substantially circular central distance zone (2903) having a single vision correction and three peripheral treatment zones (2904a, 2904b, 2904c) of a centered (2905) and tilted (2906 and 2907) lens cone surrounded by the single vision correction area. The lens cones (2905, 2906, 2907) have a lens top with increasing curvature along the peripheral treatment zone, i.e., the maximum curvature of the lens top is in the peripheral treatment zone 2904c.

[0161] also, Figure 29 A magnified version of the centered and tilted lens cones (right) for three peripheral treatment zones (2904a, 2904b, and 2904c) is shown. While the vertex of the lens cone (2905) in the first peripheral treatment zone (2904a) is centered relative to its geometric center (2905g), the vertex of the tilted lens cone (2906) in the second peripheral treatment zone (2904b) is decentered from its geometric center (2906g), and the vertex of the tilted lens cone (29007) in the third peripheral treatment zone is further decentered from its geometric center (2907g). In addition to the decentration difference, the curved lens top (2907e) of the lenticule (2907) in the third peripheral treatment zone (2904c) is larger than the curved lens top (2905e) of the lens cone (2905) in the first peripheral treatment zone (2904a).

[0162] In this example, the orientation of the apex of the tilted cone in the myopia management spectacle lens embodiment of the present disclosure is selected to coincide with the azimuth angle of the geometric center of the tilted cone. Increasing the size of the curved cone's top as a function of the peripheral treatment zone as the apex angle decreases toward the periphery can provide benefits for visual performance and / or ease of manufacturing. The orientation of the cone's apex, the size of the curved cone's top, and the variation in tilt as a function of the field of view can be optimized to provide an increase in light intensity at the TFRIS at various field of view angles, as well as an increase in preretinal light intensity. By increasing through-focus light intensity, the desired optical signal to slow eye growth is provided.

[0163] In other examples, the lens cone in the first peripheral treatment zone may also be tilted. In other examples, the number of treatment zones may be 1, 2, 4, 5, or 6. In other exemplary myopia management spectacle lens embodiments, the orientation of the vertex of the lens cone may not be consistent with the azimuth of the geometric center of the lens cone.

[0164] Figure 30 A schematic diagram (left) (3000, not to scale) of an embodiment of a myopia management spectacle lens of the present disclosure is shown, wherein an optical zone (3001) having an optical center (3002) is composed of a substantially circular central distance zone (3003) having a single vision correction, and three peripheral treatment zones (3004a, 3004b, 3004c) of a central (3005) and angled (3006 and 3007) lens cone surrounded by the single vision correction area. The lens cones (3005, 3006, 3007) have a curvature of the lens cone top that increases with the peripheral treatment zone, i.e., the maximum curvature of the lens cone top is in the peripheral treatment zone 3004c. In addition, the size of the lens cones (3005, 3006, 3007) increases with the peripheral treatment zone, i.e., the maximum curvature of the lens cone is in the peripheral treatment zone 3004c.

[0165] also, Figure 30A magnified version of the centered and tilted lenses (right) is shown for three peripheral treatment zones (3004a, 3004b, and 3004c). While the vertex of the lens cone (3005) in the first peripheral treatment zone (3004a) is centered relative to its geometric center (3005g), the vertex of the tilted lens cone (3006) in the second peripheral treatment zone (3004b) is decentered from its geometric center (3006g), and the vertex of the tilted lens cone (300-7) in the third peripheral treatment zone is also decentered from its geometric center (3007g). In addition to the decentration difference, the size of the lens cone (3007) and the size of its curved lens cone top (3007e) in the third peripheral treatment zone (3004c) are larger than the size of the lens cone (3006) and the size of its curved lens cone top (2906e) in the second peripheral treatment zone, which in turn are larger than the size of the lens cone (3005) and the size of its curved lens top (3005e) in the first peripheral treatment zone (3004a).

[0166] In this example, the orientation of the apex of the tilted cone in the disclosed myopia management spectacle lens embodiment is selected to coincide with the azimuth of the location of the geometric center of the tilted cone. As the apex angle decreases toward the periphery, the size of the cone as a function of the peripheral treatment zone and the size of the curved lens top increase, which can provide benefits for visual performance and / or ease of manufacturing. The orientation of the cone's apex, the size of the curved lens top, and the variation in tilt as a function of the field of view provide an increase in light intensity in the TFRIS at various field of view angles, as well as an increase in light intensity in front of the retina. This increase in light intensity throughout provides the desired optical signal to slow eye growth.

[0167] In other examples, the lens cone in the first peripheral treatment zone may also be tilted. In other examples, the number of treatment zones may be 1, 2, 4, 5, or 6. In other exemplary myopia management spectacle lens embodiments, the orientation of the vertex of the lens cone may not be consistent with the azimuth of the position of the geometric center of the lens cone.

[0168] Figure 31A schematic diagram (left) of an embodiment of a myopia management spectacle lens of the present disclosure (3100, not to scale) is shown, wherein an optical zone (3101) having an optical center (3102) is configured by a substantially circular central distance zone (3103) having a single vision correction and two peripheral treatment zones (3104a and 3104b) having an overflow optical component (3105), wherein the area surrounding the overflow optical component is configured with a single vision correction. In this exemplary embodiment, the number of overflow optical components (3105) in the first peripheral treatment zone (3104a) is five, and the number of overflow optical components in the second peripheral treatment zone (3104b) is nine. In this example, the orientation of the vertices or vertex lines of the connecting components of the overflow optical components in the myopia management spectacle lens embodiment of the present disclosure is configured to be approximately perpendicular to the optical center (3102).

[0169] also, Figure 31 (Right) shows a magnified version of an overmolded optical component consisting of two spherical outer halves and a connecting component with a spherical profile and central axis, as shown in Figure 15 In this example, the two outer halves have a power of +1.5DS and the overmolded optic is approximately 3mm long and 1mm wide.

[0170] In other examples, the vertex or vertex line of the connected component of the overmolded optical component may not be oriented perpendicular to the optical center. In other exemplary embodiments, the overmolded optical component may be configured with toric, asymmetric, axicon-like, or mirror-cone-like outer half components, and / or the connected component may have an axicon-like or mirror-cone-like profile with a central axis or an inclined axis.

[0171] In other exemplary embodiments, the total number of overmolded optical components in the peripheral treatment zone can be 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, or 40. In other exemplary embodiments, the total number of overmolded optical components in the peripheral treatment zone can be at least 20.

[0172] In other examples of the present disclosure, the focal length of the two outer half components can be +0.5DS, +1DS, +1.5DS, +2DS, +2.5DS, +3DS or +3.5DS. In the myopia management eyeglass lens embodiments of the present disclosure, the focal length of the two outer half components of all overflow-type optical components can be between +0.5DS and +1.5DS, between +1DS and +3DS, or between +0.5DS and +3.5DS.

[0173] In other examples, the length of the overmolded optical component can be 1 mm, 2 mm, 3 mm, 4 mm, or 5 mm, and the width can be 0.5 mm, 1.5 mm, 2.5 mm, 3.5 mm, or 4.5 mm. In other examples, the length of the extended optical unit can be between 1 mm and 3 mm, between 2 mm and 4 mm, between 1 mm or 5 mm, and the width can be between 0.5 mm and 1.5 mm, between 1.5 mm and 3.5 mm, or between 1 mm and 4.5 mm.

[0174] The orientation of the vertex line of the overmolded optical component, the choice of outer halves, the choice of the center of the axis connecting the inner component, the number of treatment zones, the number and size of the overmolded optical components, and the focal powers of the two outer halves can be optimized as a function of the field of view to provide an increase in light intensity in the TFRIS at various field angles and an increase in light intensity in front of the retina. This increase in light intensity across the focal point provides the desired optical signal to slow eye growth.

[0175] Figure 32 A schematic diagram (left) (3200, not to scale) of an embodiment of a myopia management spectacle lens of the present disclosure is shown, wherein an optical zone (3201) having an optical center (3202) is configured by a substantially circular central distance zone (3203) having a single vision correction and two peripheral treatment zones (3204a and 3204b) having an overflow optical component (3205), wherein the area surrounding the overflow optical component is configured with a single vision correction. In this exemplary embodiment, the number of overflow optical components (3205) in the first peripheral treatment zone (3204a) is five, and the number of overflow optical components in the second peripheral treatment zone (3204b) is nine. In this example, the orientation of the vertices or vertex lines of the connecting components of the overflow optical components in the embodiment of the spectacle lens of the present disclosure is selected to be approximately perpendicular to the optical center (3202).

[0176] also, Figure 32 (Right) shows a zoomed-in version of an overmolded optical assembly consisting of two asymmetric outer halves and a connecting assembly with a conical profile and tilted axis. In this example, the difference in power between the outer halves is +1.75D, and the overmolded optical assembly is approximately 3mm long and 1mm wide.

[0177] Figure 33A schematic diagram (left) of an embodiment of a myopia management spectacle lens of the present disclosure (3300, not to scale) is shown, wherein an optical zone (3301) having an optical center (3302) is composed of a substantially circular central distance zone (3303) having a single vision correction and three peripheral treatment zones (3304a, 3304b, and 3304c) having a tilted cone (3305) and an overmolded optical component (3306 and 3307), wherein the area surrounding the tilted cone and the overmolded optical component is configured to have a single vision correction. In this exemplary embodiment, the number of tilted cones (3305) in the first peripheral treatment zone (3304a) is 9, the number of overmolded optical components (3304b) in the second peripheral treatment zone is 12, and the number of overmolded optical components (3304c) in the third peripheral treatment zone is 13. The orientation of the apex of the tilted cone (3305) within the first peripheral treatment zone (3304a) is selected to be approximately azimuthally consistent with the position of the geometric center of the cone, and one of the connecting components of the overflow-molded optical components within the second (3304b) and third (3304c) peripheral treatment zones is configured to be approximately perpendicular to the optical center (3302).

[0178] also, Figure 33 (Right) shows a magnified version of the tilted cone (3305) and two overmolded optical components (3306 and 3307) for the first (3304a), second (3304b), and third (3304c) peripheral treatment zones, where the overmolded optical components (3306 and 3307) are composed of two asymmetric outer halves and a connecting component with a cone-like profile and a tilt axis. In this example, the outer halves of the overmolded optical component (3306) in the peripheral treatment zone (3304b) have a power difference of +1.5D, and the overmolded optical component has a length of approximately 2mm and a width of approximately 0.5mm. In addition, the outer halves of the overmolded optical component (3307) in the peripheral treatment zone (3304c) have a power difference of +2.5D, and the overmolded optical component has a length of approximately 3mm and a width of approximately 1mm.

[0179] In other examples, the orientation of the apex of the tilted cone in the first peripheral treatment zone may not be consistent with the azimuth of the position of the geometric center of the tilted cone, and the center of the connecting assembly of the overflow-molded optical assembly in the second and third peripheral treatment zones may not be perpendicular to the optical center of the myopia management eyeglass lens embodiment.

[0180] In other examples, the tilted optical component in the first peripheral treatment zone can be a tilted or centered linear axicon, a tilted or centered logarithmic axicon, a tilted or centered hybrid axicon, a tilted or centered axicon, or a combination of various optical components. Tilted optical components can also be configured in the second and / or third peripheral treatment zones instead of the first peripheral treatment zone.

[0181] In other exemplary embodiments, the overmolded optical components in the second and third peripheral treatment zones may be composed of spherical, toric, asymmetric, axicon-like, or mirror-cone-like outer half components, and / or the connecting components may have a spherical or axicon-like profile, or have a central axis or a tilted axis, or may be a combination of various overmolded optical components. Overmolded optical components may also be configured in the first and second peripheral treatment zones or the first and third peripheral treatment zones. In other examples of the myopia management eyeglass lens embodiments of the present disclosure, the optical components within each peripheral treatment zone may be tilted and / or centered optical components, and may be tilted and / or centered overmolded optical components, or a combination thereof.

[0182] The orientation of the vertex line of the overmolded optical component, the choice of outer half components, the profile and axis center of the connecting inner component, the number of treatment zones, the number and size of the overmolded optical components, and the difference in power extremes between the two outer half components can be optimized as a function of the field of view to provide an increase in light intensity in the TFRIS at various field angles and an increase in light intensity in front of the retina. This increase in light intensity through the focus provides the desired optical signal to slow eye growth.

[0183] Figure 34 A schematic diagram (left) (3400, not to scale) of an embodiment of a myopia management spectacle lens of the present disclosure is shown, wherein an optical zone (3401) having an optical center (3402) is configured by a generally circular central distance zone (3403) having a single vision correction and three peripheral treatment zones (3404a, 3404b, and 3404c) having overflow-molded optical components (3405, 3406, and 3407), wherein the area surrounding the overflow-molded optical components is configured with a single vision correction. In this exemplary embodiment, the number of overflow-molded optical components (3405) in the first peripheral treatment zone (3404a) is 5, the number of overflow-molded optical components (3404b) in the second peripheral treatment zone is 9, and the number of overflow-molded optical components (3404c) in the third peripheral treatment zone is 13. The orientation of the vertices or vertex lines of the connecting components of the overmolded optical components within the three peripheral treatment zones (3404a, 3404b, and 3404c) are selected to be approximately perpendicular to the optical center (3402). The amount of tilt of the overmolded optical components (3405, 3406, and 3407) varies between the three peripheral treatment zones (3404a, 3404b, and 3404c). In the example of the overmolded optical component (3405), the amount of tilt is defined as the amount of eccentricity between the axis of the vertex (or vertex line) (3405h) and the axis (or bisector) of the connecting component (3405i). Figure 34In this example, the decentration (3405g) of the overmolded optical group (3405) in the first peripheral treatment zone (3404a) is 0.1 mm, the decentration (3406g) of the overmolded optical group (3406) in the second peripheral treatment zone (3404b) is 0.2 mm, and the decentration (3407g) of the overmolded optical group (3407) of the third peripheral treatment zone (3404c) is 0.3 mm. Increasing the decentration towards the periphery of the eyeglass lens embodiment can be beneficial to increase the light intensity of the TFRIS at various field angles.

[0184] Furthermore, Figure 34 (Right) shows an enlarged version of the three overmolded optical groups (3405, 3406, and 3407) of the first (3404a), second (3404b), and third (3404c) peripheral treatment zones, where the overmolded optical groups (3405, 3406, and 3407) are composed of two asymmetric outer half-groups and one connecting group with a quasi-mirror cone profile and a tilted axis. In this example, the difference in power extreme of the two outer half-groups of the overmolded optical groups (3405, 3406, and 3407) is +1.5 D, and the overmolded optical groups (3405, 3406, and 3407) are approximately 3 mm long and 1 mm wide. The quasi-mirror cone profile of the connecting group of the overmolded optical group (3405) has a curved top (as shown in white area) of width (3405j). The width of the curved top is essentially the same for all overmolded optical groups (3405, 3406, and 3407) within all three peripheral treatment zones (3404a, 3404b, and 3404c).

[0185] The direction of the vertex line of the overmolded optical group, the selection of the outer half-groups, the profile and the selection of the axis center of the connecting inner group, the number of treatment zones, the number and size of the overmolded optical groups, and the difference in power extreme of the two outer half-groups can be optimized as a function of the field of view to provide an increase in light intensity of the TFRIS at various field angles and an increase in light intensity in front of the retina. This increase in light intensity through the focal point provides the required optical signal to slow down the eye growth.

[0186] Figure 35A schematic diagram (left) (3500, not to scale) of an embodiment of a myopia management spectacle lens of the present disclosure is shown, wherein the optical zone (3501) having the optical center (3502) is configured by a generally circular central distance zone (3503) having a single vision correction and three peripheral treatment zones (3504a, 3504b, and 3504c) having overflow-molded optical components (3505, 3506, and 3507), wherein the area surrounding the overflow-molded optical components is configured with a single vision correction. In this exemplary embodiment, the number of overflow-molded optical components (3505) in the first peripheral treatment zone (3504a) is 5, the number of overflow-molded optical components (3504b) in the second peripheral treatment zone is 9, and the number of overflow-molded optical components (3504c) in the third peripheral treatment zone is 13. The orientation of the apex or apex line of the connecting component of the overmolded optical assembly within the three peripheral treatment zones (3504a, 3504b, and 3504c) is selected to be approximately perpendicular to the optical center (3502). The amount of tilt of the overmolded optical components (3505, 3506, and 3507) varies between the three peripheral treatment zones (3504a, 3504b, and 3504c). In the example of the overmolded optical component (3505), the amount of tilt is defined as the amount of eccentricity between the axis of the apex (or apex line) (3505h) and the axis (or bisector) of the connecting component (3505i). In this example, the decentration (3505g) of the overmolded optical component (3505) in the first peripheral treatment zone (3504a) is 0.1 mm, the decentration (3506g) of the overmolded optical component (3504b) in the second peripheral treatment zone is 0.2 mm, and the decentration (3507g) of the overmolded optical component (3504c) in the third peripheral treatment zone is 0.3 mm. Increasing decentration or tilt toward the periphery of the spectacle lens embodiment may facilitate increased light intensity of the TFRIS at various field angles.

[0187] also, Figure 35(Right) shows a magnified version of three extruded optical components (3505, 3506, and 3507) for the first (3504a), second (3504b), and third (3504c) peripheral treatment zones, where the extruded optical components are configured with two asymmetric outer halves and a connecting component having a cone-like profile and a tilted axis. In this example, the difference in power between the two outer halves of the extruded optical components (3505, 3406, and 3407) is +1.5D, and the length and width of the extruded optical components are approximately 3 mm and 1 mm, respectively. The lens-like profile of the connecting component of the extruded optical components (3505, 3506, and 3507) has a curved top (as shown in the white area), and its width (3505j, 3506j, and 3507j) increases toward the periphery, that is, from the first peripheral treatment zone to the second and third peripheral treatment zones. The increased width of the curved lens aperture top (or vertex line) toward the periphery of a myopia management spectacle lens embodiment may be advantageous for increasing the light intensity of the TFRIS at various field angles and / or may be advantageous for manufacturing a more inclined peripheral overmolded optical component.

[0188] The orientation of the vertex line of the overmolded optic, the choice of outer halves, the profile and axis center (or tilt) of the connecting inner optic, the number of treatment zones, the number and size of overmolded optics, and the difference in power between the two outer halves can all be optimized as a function of field angle to provide an increase in light intensity in the TFRIS and an increase in light intensity in front of the retina at various field angles. This increase in through-focus light intensity provides the desired optical signal to slow eye growth.

[0189] Figure 36A schematic diagram (left) (3600, not to scale) of an embodiment of a myopia management spectacle lens of the present disclosure is shown, wherein an optical zone (3601) having an optical center (3602) is configured by a generally circular central distance zone (3603) having a single vision correction and three peripheral treatment zones (3604a, 3604b, and 3604c) having overflow-molded optical components (3605, 3606, and 3607), wherein the area surrounding the overflow-molded optical components is configured with a single vision correction. In this exemplary embodiment, the number of overflow-molded optical components (3605) in the first peripheral treatment zone (3604a) is 9, the number (3504b) of overflow-molded optical components (3606) in the second peripheral treatment zone is 12, and the number of overflow-molded optical components (3607) in the third peripheral treatment zone is 13. The orientation of the vertices or vertex lines of the connecting components of the overmolded optical components within the three peripheral treatment zones (3604a, 3604b, and 3604c) is selected to be approximately perpendicular to the optical center (3602). The amount of tilt of the overmolded optical components (3605, 3606, and 3607) varies between the three peripheral treatment zones (3604a, 3604b, and 3604c), with the tilt increasing toward the periphery of the myopia management spectacle lens embodiment. Increasing the decentration or tilt toward the periphery of the myopia management spectacle lens embodiment may be beneficial in increasing the light intensity of the through-focus retinal image at various field angles.

[0190] also, Figure 36(Right) A magnified version of three exfoliated optical components (3605, 3606, and 3607) for the first (3604a), second (3604b), and third (3604c) peripheral treatment areas is shown, where the exfoliated optical component consists of two asymmetric outer halves and a connecting component with a cone-like profile and a tilted axis. In this example, the exfoliated optical component (3605) has an extreme power difference of +1D between the two outer halves, and the exfoliated optical component has a length of approximately 1 mm and a width of approximately 0.5 mm. The exfoliated optical component (3606) has an extreme power difference of +1.75D between the two outer halves, and the exfoliated optical component has a length of approximately 2 mm and a width of approximately 1.5 mm. The exfoliated optical component (3607) has an extreme power difference of +2.5D between the two outer halves, and the exfoliated optical component has a length of approximately 3 mm and a width of approximately 1 mm. The cone-like profile of the connecting components of the overmolded optical components (3605, 3606, and 3607) has a curved top (as shown in the white area) that increases toward the periphery, i.e., from the first peripheral treatment zone to the second peripheral treatment zone and the third peripheral treatment zone. The increasing width of the curved cone-like top (or vertex line) toward the periphery of the myopia management spectacle lens embodiment may be advantageous for increasing the light intensity of the TFRIS at various field angles and / or may be advantageous for manufacturing a more inclined peripheral overmolded optical component.

[0191] The orientation of the vertex line of the overmolded optical component, the selection of the outer half components, the profile and axis center (or tilt) of the connecting inner component, the number of treatment zones, the number and size of the overmolded optical components, and the difference in the focal power of the two outer half components can be optimized as a function of field angle to provide an increase in light intensity in the TFRIS at various field angles and an increase in light intensity in front of the retina. This increase in light intensity through the focus provides the desired optical signal to slow eye growth.

[0192] exist Figures 34 to 36 In other similar examples, the direction of the vertex or vertex line of the connecting component of the overmolded optical component may not be perpendicular to the optical center. In other exemplary embodiments, the overmolded optical component can be configured by a combination of spherical, complex, axicon-like, hybrid axicon-like or mirror-cone-like outer half components, and / or the connecting component can have a spherical or mirror-cone-like profile with a central axis or tilt axis, or can be a combination of various overmolded optical components. In other examples, the tilt amount of the overmolded optical component within each peripheral treatment area can be smaller or larger. The overmolded optical component can also be configured in more than one defined peripheral treatment area. In other examples, the number of treatment areas can be 1, 2, 4, 5 or 6.

[0193] In with Figures 34 to 36In other similar examples, the total number of overmolded optical components in the peripheral treatment area can be 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 40, or 60. In other exemplary embodiments, the total number of overmolded optical components in the peripheral treatment area can be at least 20.

[0194] Figure 37 A schematic diagram (left) of an embodiment of a myopia management spectacle lens of the present disclosure (3700, not to scale) is shown, wherein an optical zone (3701) having an optical center (3702) is composed of a substantially circular central distance zone (3703) having a single vision correction and a peripheral treatment zone (3704) having an overflow type optical component (3705), wherein the area surrounding the overflow type optical component is configured to have a single vision correction. In this exemplary embodiment, the total number of overflow type optical components (3705) is 22. The orientation of the vertices or vertex lines connecting the components of the overflow type optical components is selected to be approximately aligned with the optical center (3702).

[0195] also, Figure 37 (Right) shows a magnified version of an overmolded optical assembly (3705) for a peripheral treatment area, where the overmolded optical assembly consists of a spherical and a toric outer half, and a connecting assembly with an axicon-like profile and a central axis. In this example, the spherical outer half of the overmolded optical assembly (3705) has a spherical power of +1.5DS, the toric outer half (3706) has a cylindrical power of +1.5DS / +0.5DC, and the overmolded optical assembly is approximately 3.5 mm long and 1 mm wide. The peripheral position of the toric outer half relative to the spherical outer half may be advantageous for increasing the light intensity of TFRIS at various field angles.

[0196] In with Figure 37 In similar other examples, the direction of the vertex or vertex line of the connecting component of the overmolded optical component may not be consistent with the optical center. In other exemplary embodiments, the overmolded optical component can be configured by a combination of spherical, complex, axicon-like, hybrid axicon-like or mirror-cone-like outer half components, and / or the connecting component can have a spherical or mirror-cone-like profile with a central axis or tilt axis, or can be a combination of various overmolded optical components. In other examples, the tilt amount of the overmolded optical component in each peripheral treatment area can be smaller or larger. The overmolded optical component can also be configured in more than one defined peripheral treatment area. In other examples, the number of treatment areas can be 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6.

[0197] In other similar examples, the total number of overmolded optical components in the peripheral treatment zone can be 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 40, or 60. In other exemplary embodiments, the total number of overmolded optical components in the peripheral treatment zone can be at least 20.

[0198] In other examples of the current disclosure using a flood molded optical component, the difference in the power extrema of the two outer half components in the flood molded optical component can be +0.5D, +1D, +1.5D, +2D, +2.5D, +3D, or +3.5D. In other examples of the disclosure, the difference in the power extrema of the two outer half components of the flood molded optical component can be at least +0.75D. In other examples of the disclosure, the difference in the power extrema of the two outer half components of all flood molded optical components in the eyeglass lens embodiments of the disclosure can be between +0.5D and +1.5D, between +1D and +3D, or between +0.5D and +3.5D.

[0199] In other examples, the length of the flood molded optical component can be 1 mm, 2 mm, 3 mm, 4 mm, or 5 mm, and the width can be 0.5 mm, 1.5 mm, 2.5 mm, 3.5 mm, or 4.5 mm. In other examples, the length of the flood molded optical component can be between 1 mm and 3 mm, between 2 mm and 4 mm, between 1 mm and 5 mm, and the width can be between 0.5 mm and 1.5 mm, between 1.5 mm and 3.5 mm, or between 1 mm and 4.5 mm.

[0200] Certain embodiments of the disclosure relate to myopia management eyeglass lenses that can provide an increase in the light intensity of the TFRIS at various field angles of view.

[0201] In some embodiments, the intended or selected area of the treatment zone configured with the optical component of the disclosure can be 25%, 30%, 35%, 50%, 60%, or 75% of the total area of the optical zone. In some other embodiments, the intended or selected area of the treatment zone configured with the optical component of the disclosure can be between 20% and 30%, between 30% and 50%, between 15% and 45% of the total area of the optical zone.

[0202] In certain embodiments, the portion of the optical zone of the eyeglass lens consisting of the optical component can be understood to be 10% to 30%, 30% to 50%, 20% to 40%, or 10% to 40% of the optical zone of the eyeglass lens.

[0203] In some embodiments, the tilted optical component of the disclosure and / or the flood molded optical component with or without tilt can be positioned, formed, or placed on the front surface, the back surface, or a combination thereof.

[0204] In certain other embodiments, a portion of a myopia management spectacle lens including a tilted optical component and / or an overmolded optical component with or without tilt can be positioned, formed, or placed on one of the two surfaces of the myopia management spectacle lens, while the other surface can include additional features to further reduce eye growth. For example, additional features such as defocus, coma, or spherical aberration can be used. In some examples, the focal power of the area surrounding the optical component in at least one peripheral treatment zone can be at least 0.25D, 0.5D, 1D, or 1.5D higher than the focal power of the central distance zone.

[0205] The schematic model eye (Table 1) was selected to demonstrate the difference in through-focus MTF between the lens with optical components previously disclosed in WO 2021 / 159170 and the currently disclosed myopia management spectacle lens.

[0206] The prescription parameters of the schematic model eye used for optical modeling and performance simulations are shown in Table 1. However, in other exemplary embodiments, the schematic ray-tracing model eyes of Liou Brennan, Escudero Navarro, and others may be used in place of the simple model eye described above. Parameters of the cornea, lens, retina, ocular media, or combinations thereof may also be varied to illustrate further simulations of the embodiments disclosed herein.

[0207] The examples provided herein use a -3D myopic model eye to disclose the present invention, however, the same disclosure can be extended to other degrees of myopia, such as -1 D, -2 D, -5 D, or -6 D. Furthermore, it should be understood that the scope of the present invention can be extended to eyes with varying degrees of myopic refractive error, including or excluding astigmatism.

[0208] This prescription provides a 3D myopic eye defined at a monochromatic wavelength of 589 nm. The prescription described in Table 1 should not be construed as a necessary method to demonstrate the effectiveness of the contemplated exemplary embodiments. This is just one of many methods that one skilled in the art can use for optical simulation purposes.

[0209] describe radius thickness Refractive index Semi-diameter Conic constant Unlimited Unlimited 0.00 0.000 initial Unlimited 13.000 4.00 0.000 anterior cornea 7.750 0.550 1.376 5.750 -0.250 Posterior cornea 6.400 3.000 1.334 5.50 -0.400 pupil Infinity 0.450 1.334 5.00 0.000 Anterior lens 10.800 3.800 1.423 4.50 -4.798 Posterior lens -6.250 17.721 1.334 4.50 -4.101 retina -12.00 0.000 10.00 0.000

[0210] Table 1: Schematic diagram of a 3D myopic model eye. Prescriptions of the model eye are provided.

[0211] For optical modeling of MTF, a spectacle lens configured with a front surface and a back surface having a radius (curvature) of 250 mm and a back surface having a radius of 106.5 mm was used to correct for -3D myopia (Table 1). The lens had a refractive index of 1.59, an Abbe number of 64.2, and a thickness of 1.5 mm. For all MTF analyses, the conic constants of the front and back surfaces of the spectacle lens were set to 0, except for Figure 57The exception is the MTF modeling of , where the cone constant is set to -40. In other embodiments, a more appropriate cone constant may be used to shift the MTF behind or in front of the retina, for example, a cone constant between -50 and 50 may be considered. In addition, the eyeglass is configured with optical components such as Figures 38-46 and Figures 48-55 The parameters for MTF modeling are shown in Tables 2-5, which describe different example embodiments of the present disclosure in detail.

[0212] Furthermore, it will be appreciated that the scope of the present invention may be extended to spectacle lenses having other lens parameters, for example, different front and back surface radii, which would also result in correction of myopia.

[0213] The effect of tilt was evaluated when comparing the off-axis through-focus MTF between 23° and 40° about the image plane between tilted and non-tilted optical components, with an MTF threshold of 0.075. In other embodiments, alternative MTF thresholds may be used. For example, in some embodiments, a threshold of 0.05, 0.1, or 0.15 may be used, while when performing the optical modeling routine for other embodiments, the threshold MTF value may be between 0.05 and 0.15.

[0214] Figure 38 An example of a tilted axicon (3811) is shown, where the vector tilt is applied to the y-coordinate and the basic shape is non-circular and non-elliptical as shown in the XY plane cross section. A hypothetical non-tilted axicon (3801) with a circular base shape is shown for reference. The YZ plane cross sections (3802-3812) and XZ plane cross sections (380-383-13) of the non-tilted reference axicon (3801) and the tilted axicon (3811) are shown. In the tilted axicon example (3811), the positive y-coordinate (3807) and the negative y-coordinate (380 8) are independently offset and scaled, applying a unique vector stretch or compression only to the y coordinates of the upper half (3804) and lower half (3805) of the non-tilted reference axicon (3801), and applying the vector tilt coordinate transformation (3820) required to create the vector tilt, as shown in the cross section (3812) of the tilted axicon (3811). This transformation causes the sagittal height peak (3806) to be shifted along the y axis in the direction of the tilt factor (t) by a magnitude (3816). The tilted axicon example (3811) depicts a tilt of magnitude t = -0.5, which causes the sagittal height peak (3806) to be shifted in y by -0.5 units (3816). The element profile projected in the XZ cross section (3803-3813) remains unchanged by the vector tilt transformation (3820). After the vector tilt transformation, the width (x size) and length (y size) of the base or footprint size remain unchanged. The mathematical expression describing this example transformation can be:

[0215]

[0216] where y t wherein y is in the coordinate space of the transformed tilted axicon (3811) and t is the magnitude and direction of the tilt transformation, wherein a sagittal height peak shift with positive t shifts the peak in the positive y direction. Other embodiments of tilt may include applying the tilt to a component of a mirror cone reference component or other reference component having a cross-section that is circular, conical, aspherical, or other profile. In further embodiments, the tilt may be applied to a reference component formed by azimuthally blending a combination of at least two of the cross-sectional profiles. Alternative embodiments may apply the vector tilt transformation to the x-coordinate, or any other meridian that does not coincide with the reference optical component x or y axis. The tilt to the other meridian may be achieved by applying a fitted rotation of the azimuth of the meridian prior to applying the equation to perform the vector tilt transformation, and then by a fitted rotation of the negative value of the azimuth of the meridian.

[0217] [Not tilted] → Rotate (meridian angle) → Tilt → Rotate (-meridian angle) → [Tilted]

[0218] Figures 39 to 42 The results were compared by configuring spectacle lenses (prescription: 3D) with and without tilted axicons (e.g. Figure 24 The off-axis through-focus MTF (e.g., 0.001 mm) obtained for a spectacle lens configured with a tilted axicon (3902400241024202) about the image plane (retina at 0 mm) is shown in Figure 2 and previously disclosed in WO 2021 / 159170. Figure 25 The 3D myopic model eye (Table 1) was corrected using the 3D myopic model described in detail in the present disclosure and shown in FIG. 2 . Table 2 lists the parameters (height and base diameter) of the axicons with and without tilt and their corresponding total TFRIS (in mm) defined within the MTF threshold range of 0.075 at FOVs of 28°, 33°, 36°, and 40°. For the design of the tilted axicons, the following formula was applied: Figure 38 The tilt transformation shown.

[0219]

[0220] Table 2: Differences in TFRIS (in mm) obtained with and without tilted axicon at viewing angles of 28°, 33°, 36°, and 40°.

[0221] Figure 39Table 2 shows that at a field angle of 28° and above the defined MTF threshold of 0.075 (3903), the tilted axicon (i.e., 0.13mm tilt) (3902) results in a total TFRIS difference or expansion of 0.520mm compared to the non-tilted axicon (3901). The TFRIS in front of the retina is 1.060mm for the non-tilted axicon (3901) and 1.480mm for the tilted axicon (3902). The TFRIS behind the retina is 0mm for the non-tilted axicon (3901) and 0.100mm for the tilted axicon (3902).

[0222] Figure 40 Table 2 shows that at a 33° field angle and above the defined MTF threshold of 0.075 (4003), tilting the axicon (i.e., 0.19 mm tilt) (4002) results in a total TFRIS extension of 0.600 mm compared to the untilted axicon (4001). The TFRIS in front of the retina is 1.000 mm for the untilted axicon (4001), while it is 1.300 mm for the tilted axicon (4002). The TFRIS behind the retina is 0.200 mm for the untilted axicon (4001) and 0.500 mm for the tilted axicon (4002).

[0223] Figure 41 Table 2 shows that at a 36° field angle and above the defined MTF threshold of 0.075 (4103), tilting the axicon (i.e., 0.23mm tilt) (4102) results in a total TFRIS extension of 0.640mm compared to the untilted axicon (4101). For the untilted axicon (4101), the TFRIS in front of the retina is 0.920mm, while for the tilted axicon (4102), the TFRIS is 1.140mm. For the untilted axicon (4101), the TFRIS behind the retina is 0.360mm, while for the tilted axicon (4102), the TFRIS is 0.780mm.

[0224] Figure 42 Table 2 shows that at a 40° field angle and above the defined MTF threshold of 0.075 (4203), the tilted axicon (i.e., 0.25mm tilt) (4202) results in a total TFRIS extension of 0.920mm compared to the non-tilted axicon (4201). For the non-tilted axicon (4201), the TFRIS in front of the retina is 0.700mm, while for the tilted axicon (4202), the TFRIS is 1.040mm. The TFRIS behind the retina is 0.765mm for the non-tilted axicon (4201), while for the tilted axicon (4202), the TFRIS is 1.340mm.

[0225] Figures 43 to 46 The results were compared with the spectacle lenses (Rx: 3D) equipped with non-tilted cones (4301, 4401, 4501, 4601) (e.g. Figure 2 Said, previously disclosed in WO 2021 / 159170) and an eyeglass lens (Rx:-3D) ( Figure 4 and Figure 5 The off-axis through-focus MTFs about the image plane (retina at 0 mm) are obtained when correcting a 3D myopic model eye (described in detail in the current disclosure) with the aid of the 3D myopic model (Table 1). Table 3 lists the parameters (height, diameter of the curved top, and base diameter) of the mirror cone with and without tilt, defined within the MTF threshold range of 0.075, at FOVs of 28°, 33°, 36°, and 40°, and their corresponding total TFRIS (in mm). For the design of the tilted mirror cone, the following parameters were applied: Figure 38 The tilt transformation shown.

[0226]

[0227] Table 3: Difference in TFRIS (in mm) obtained with and without tilted mirror cones at viewing angles of 28°, 33°, 36°, and 40°.

[0228] Figure 43 Table 3 shows that at a field angle of 28° and above the defined MTF threshold of 0.075 (4303), the tilted lens cone (i.e., 0.28mm tilt) (4302) results in a total TFRIS difference or expansion of 0.540mm compared to the untilted lens cone (4301). The TFRIS in front of the retina is 1.300mm for the untilted lens cone (4301) and 1.620mm for the tilted lens cone (4302). The TFRIS behind the retina is 0.340mm for the untilted lens cone (4301) and 0.560mm for the tilted lens cone (4302).

[0229] Figure 44 Table 3 shows that at a 33° field angle and above the defined MTF threshold of 0.075 (4403), the tilted lens cone (i.e., 0.34mm tilt) (4402) results in a total TFRIS extension of 1.280mm compared to the untilted lens cone (4401). The TFRIS in front of the retina is 0.940mm for the untilted lens cone (4401) and 1.560mm for the tilted lens cone (4402). The TFRIS behind the retina is 0.380mm for the untilted lens cone (4401) and 1.040mm for the tilted lens cone (4402).

[0230] Figure 45 Table 3 shows that at a 36° field angle and above the defined MTF threshold of 0.075 (4503), the tilted cone (i.e., 0.36mm tilt) (4502) results in a total TFRIS extension of 1.060mm compared to the untilted cone (4501). The TFRIS in front of the retina is 0.86mm for the untilted cone (4501) and 1.520mm for the tilted cone (4502). The TFRIS behind the retina is 0.560mm for the untilted cone (4501) and 0.960mm for the tilted cone (4502).

[0231] Figure 46 Table 3 shows that at a 40° field angle and above the defined MTF threshold of 0.075 (4603), the tilted lens cone (i.e., 0.36mm tilt) (4602) results in a total TFRIS extension of 1.380mm compared to the untilted lens cone (4601). The TFRIS in front of the retina is 0.640mm for the untilted lens cone (4601) and 1.440mm for the tilted lens cone (4602). The TFRIS behind the retina is 0.900mm for the untilted lens cone (4601) and 1.480mm for the tilted lens cone (4602).

[0232] In other embodiments, the tilted optical component can be a tilted linear axicon, a tilted logarithmic axicon, a tilt angle, a tilt angle, or other tilted non-extruded optical component. For example, in addition to tilting, the curvature of a hybrid axicon or a mirror cone can be optimized as a function of the field of view angle to allow for an increase in through-focus light intensity with a peak in front of or behind the retina.

[0233] Figure 47An example of an overmolded axicon (4711) of the present disclosure is shown, which is overmolded or overmolded along the y-axis of an example assembly. A hypothetical non-overmolded reference axicon (4701) with a circular base is shown for reference. YZ plane cross-sections (4702, 4712) and XZ plane cross-sections (4703, 4713) of the non-overmolded axicon (4701) and the overmolded axicon (4711) are shown. In this overmolded axicon example (4711), the positive y coordinate (4707) and the negative y coordinate (4708) are each offset in a direction that moves their y coordinate away from the XZ plane (4717, 4718), thereby creating a connected component (4716) in the coordinate space (4719) between the upper half (5614) and lower half (5615) of the now overmolded axicon. This overmolding transformation is symbolically represented (4720). The new coordinate space (i.e., the connected component) inserted between the upper and lower halves (4719) of the overmolded axicon (4711) is constrained by the y limits of ±(overmolding length / 2) and has a constant XZ cross-sectional profile at any y value within these boundaries. This transformation causes the sagittal height peak (4706) to extend from point (4706) to a line (4716) parallel to the y-axis of a length determined by the magnitude of the overmolding control parameter (a). The overmolded axicon example (4711) depicts an overmolding with an amplitude a=1.0, which causes the sagittal height peak (4706) to be a line (4716) of length 1.0 mm (4719). The component profile projected in the XZ cross section (4703, 4713) remains unchanged by the overmolding transformation (4720). After the overmolding transformation, the width or footprint of the base (x size) remains unchanged. After the overmolding transformation, the length of the base or footprint (y size) will increase by the stretching amplitude (a). The mathematical expression describing this example transformation can be:

[0234]

[0235] where y t In the coordinate space of the transformed overmolded axicon (4711), y is in the coordinate space of the non-overmolded reference axicon (4701), and a is a non-negative overmolding control parameter. Other embodiments may include applying overmolding to a mirror cone or reference component having a cross-section that is circular, conical, aspherical, or other profile. In further embodiments, overmolding may be applied to a reference component formed by a combination of at least two of the cross-sectional profiles blended in azimuth. Alternative embodiments may apply overmolding along the x-coordinate or any other meridian that does not coincide with the x or y axis. Overmolding on said other meridians may be achieved by applying a fitted rotation of the azimuth of said meridian prior to applying the equation to perform the overmolding transformation, and then by a fitted rotation of the negative value of the azimuth of said meridian.

[0236] [Unextended] → Rotate (meridian angle) → Extend → Rotate (-meridian angle) → [Extended]

[0237] Certain embodiments may combine features of overmolded and tilted components to create components that are both overmolded and tilted ( Figure 14 ). When creating the component, overmolding and tilting can be applied along different axes. Figure 14 The example shown in describes an element that combines a vector tilt applied along the y-axis with a stretch applied along the x-axis to create a final overmolded tilt element. In other embodiments, stretch and tilt can be applied independently to any axis of the reference optical component for a stretch and tilt transformation, or in further embodiments, the transformation can be performed along a common axis.

[0238] Figures 48 to 51 The spectacle lenses (Rx: 3D) with or without tilted overflow axicon (4801, 4901, 5001, 5101) (such as the present disclosure) are compared. Figure 11 and Figure 14 Said) and the spectacle lens (Rx: -3D) equipped with the tilted overflow type axicon (4802, 4902, 5002, 5102) (as disclosed above Figure 14 The off-axis through-focus MTFs about the image plane (retina at 0 mm) were obtained for the corrected-3D myopic model eye (Table 1) as shown in Table 4. Table 4 lists the parameters (height, extension (i.e., length of the internal connecting component), and base diameter) of the overmolded axicons with and without tilt and their corresponding TFRIS (in mm) at the MTF threshold of 0.075 at FOVs of 28°, 33°, 36°, and 40°. Figure 47 For the design of the inclined overflow cone, the following is applied: Figure 47 The overflow transformation shown and Figure 38 The tilting transformation shown, wherein the tilting transformation is performed along an axis perpendicular to the axis of extension or overmolding. In other embodiments, the tilting transformation can be performed along an axis parallel to the overmolding axis.

[0239]

[0240] Table 4: Difference in TFRIS (in mm) for overmolded axicons with and without tilt at viewing angles of 28°, 33°, 36°, and 40°.

[0241] Figure 48Table 4 shows that at a 28° FOV and above the defined MTF threshold of 0.075 (4803), the tilted extruded axicon (i.e., 0.17mm tilt) (4802) results in a total TFRIS difference or expansion of 0.440mm compared to the non-tilted extruded axicon (4801). The TFRIS in front of the retina is 1.080mm for the non-tilted extruded axicon (4801) and 1.180mm for the tilted extruded axicon (480). The TFRIS behind the retina is 0.540mm for the non-tilted extruded axicon (4801) and 0.880mm for the tilted extruded axicon (4802).

[0242] Figure 49 Table 4 shows that at a 33° FOV and above the defined MTF threshold of 0.075 (4903), the tilted extruded axicon (i.e., 0.2 mm tilt) (4802) results in a total TFRIS extension of 0.520 mm compared to the non-tilted extruded axicon (4901). The TFRIS in front of the retina is 0.600 mm for the non-tilted extruded axicon (4901) and 0.880 mm for the tilted extruded axicon (4902). The TFRIS behind the retina is 1.000 mm for the non-tilted extruded axicon (4901) and 1.240 mm for the tilted extruded axicon (4902).

[0243] Figure 50 Table 4 shows that at a 36° field angle and above the defined MTF threshold of 0.075 (5003), the tilted extruded axicon (i.e., 0.15mm tilt) (5002) results in a total TFRIS extension of 1.060mm compared to the untilted extruded axicon (5001). The TFRIS in front of the retina is 1.060mm for the untilted extruded axicon (5001) and 1.700mm for the tilted extruded axicon (5002). The TFRIS behind the retina is 0.020mm for the untilted extruded axicon (5001) and 0.440mm for the tilted extruded axicon (5002).

[0244] Figure 51And Table 4 shows that, above the defining MTF threshold of 0.075 (5103) at a field angle of 40°, the tilted over-molded shaft cone (i.e. 0.15 mm tilt) (5102) results in an extension of the total TFRIS of 1.440 mm compared to the non-tilted over-molded shaft cone (5101). The TFRIS in front of the retina is 0.840 mm for the non-tilted over-molded shaft cone (5101) and 1.800 mm for the tilted over-molded shaft cone (5102). The TFRIS behind the retina is 0.380 mm for the non-tilted over-molded shaft cone (5101) and 0.860 mm for the tilted over-molded shaft cone (5102).

[0245] Figures 52 to 55 The off-axis through-focus point MTFs with respect to the image plane (retina, at 0 mm) obtained with spectacle lenses (prescription: -3 D) configured with non-tilted over-molded mirror cones (5201, 5301, 5401, 5501) (as described in the present disclosure Figure 12 , 14 and 16) and with tilted over-molded mirror cones (5202, 5302, 5402, 5502) (as described in the present disclosure Figure 14 ) were compared for correcting a -3 D myopic model eye (Table 1). Table 5 lists the parameters (height, over-mold (i.e. length of the inner connecting component), dome diameter (curved top) and base diameter) of the over-molded mirror cones with and without tilt and their corresponding TFRIS (in mm) defined at the MTF threshold of 0.075 for field angles of 28°, 33°, 36° and 40°. For the over-molded mirror cone designs, the over-mold transformation as shown in Figure 47 was applied. For the tilted over-molded mirror cone designs, the over-mold transformation as shown in Figure 47 was applied and the tilt transformation as shown in Figure 38 was applied, where the tilt transformation is performed in-line along an axis perpendicular to the axis of the over-mold. In other embodiments, the tilt transformation can be performed along an axis parallel to the axis of the over-mold.

[0246]

[0247] Table 5: Difference in TFRIS (in mm) obtained for tilted and non-tilted over-molded mirror cones for field angles of 28°, 33°, 36° and 40°.

[0248] Figure 52And Table 5 shows that at a field angle of 28° and above a defining MTF threshold of 0.075 (5203), a tilted over-molded optic cone (i.e., 0.17 mm tilt) (5102) results in a difference or spread of the total TFRIS of 0.690 mm compared to an un-tilted over-molded optic cone (5201). The TFRIS in front of the retina is 1.320 mm for the un-tilted over-molded optic cone (5201) and 1.110 mm for the tilted over-molded optic cone (5202). The TFRIS behind the retina is 0.390 mm for the un-tilted over-molded optic cone (5201) and 1.290 mm for the tilted over-molded optic cone (5202).

[0249] Figure 53 And Table 5 shows that at a field angle of 33° and above a defining MTF threshold of 0.075 (5303), a tilted over-molded optic cone (i.e., 0.30 mm tilt) (5302) results in a spread of the total TFRIS of 1.410 mm compared to an un-tilted over-molded optic cone (5301). The TFRIS in front of the retina is 1.350 mm for the un-tilted over-molded optic cone (5301) and 1.500 mm for the tilted over-molded optic cone (5302). The TFRIS behind the retina is 0.570 mm for the un-tilted over-molded optic cone (5301) and 1.830 mm for the tilted over-molded optic cone (5302).

[0250] Figure 54 And Table 5 shows that at a field angle of 36° and above a defining MTF threshold of 0.075 (5403), a tilted over-molded optic cone (i.e., 0.35 mm tilt) (5302) results in a spread of the total TFRIS of 1.680 mm compared to an un-tilted over-molded optic cone (5401). The TFRIS in front of the retina is 1.350 mm for the un-tilted over-molded optic cone (5401) and 1.620 mm for the tilted over-molded optic cone (5402). The TFRIS behind the retina is 0.870 mm for the un-tilted over-molded optic cone (5401) and 2.280 mm for the tilted over-molded optic cone (5402).

[0251] Figure 55Table 5 shows that at a 40° field angle and above the defined MTF threshold of 0.075 (5503), the tilted extrusion cone (i.e., 0.10mm tilt) (5502) results in a total TFRIS extension of 0.600mm compared to the non-tilted extrusion cone (5501). The TFRIS in front of the retina is 1.440mm for the non-tilted extrusion cone (5501) and 1.230mm for the tilted extrusion cone (5502). The TFRIS behind the retina is 0.660mm for the non-tilted extrusion cone (5501) and 1.470mm for the tilted extrusion cone (5502).

[0252] Figure 56 A schematic diagram (5600, not to scale) of the on-axis and off-axis TFRIS (5603a-d) of a myopia management spectacle lens embodiment (5606) of the present disclosure having tilted axicons (5607a and 5607b) for correcting a myopic model eye (e.g., 2D) (5601) is shown when incident light (0°, 5602a; 10°, 5602b; 20°, 5602c; 30°, 5603d) at a visible wavelength (e.g., 555nm) and a convergence of 0D (optical infinity depicted) is incident on the myopia management spectacle lens embodiment (5606) of the present disclosure having tilted axicons (5607a and 5607b) for correcting a myopic model eye (e.g., 2D) (5601). In this example, the myopia management spectacle lens (5606) is configured with a tilted axicon (5607a) positioned for incident light at 10° (5602b), 20° (5602c), and 30° (5602d). In other examples, the tilted optical component can be a tilted axicon or a tilted axicon-like component (e.g., a logarithmic axicon, a hybrid axicon). In other examples, the position of the tilted optical component can be for incident light ranging between 0° and 20°, 0° and 40°, 10° and 30°, 10 degrees and 50°, and 0° and 50°. When compared to the previously disclosed example embodiment (WO 2021 / 159170), the tilted axicon (5607a) provides an increase in the light intensity of the TFRIS (compared to the non-tilted spectacle lens previously disclosed in WO 2021 / 159170). In addition, the parameters of the tilted optical component result in a non-uniform light intensity of the TFRIS, wherein the magnitude of the light intensity is greater behind the retina when compared to in front of the retina.

[0253] Figure 57 Provided Figure 56 An example of a schematic shown where tilting the axicon provides a greater increase in TFRIS light intensity distributed behind the retina. Figure 57It is shown that at a field angle of 33° and above a defined MTF threshold of 0.075 (5703), tilting the axicon (i.e., -0.55mm tilt) (5702) results in a total TFRIS extension of 0.64mm compared to the non-tilted axicon (5701). The TFRIS in front of the retina is 0.28mm for the non-tilted axicon (5701) and 0.68mm for the tilted axicon (5702). The TFRIS behind the retina is 0.92mm for the non-tilted axicon (5701) and 1.16mm for the tilted axicon (5702).

[0254] Figure 58 It is shown that overmolded tilted optical components can provide a greater increase in light intensity for TFRIS, as well as a greater peak MTF, compared to non-overmolded tilted optical components. In this example, at a field of view of 28° and above a defined MTF threshold of 0.075 (5803), the tilted overmolded axicon (i.e., 0.17mm tilt) (5802) results in a difference or extension of the total TFRIS of 0.48mm compared to the non-overmolded tilted axicon (i.e., 0.13mm tilt) (5801). In addition, the peak MTF of the overmolded tilted axicon (i.e., 0.208) is higher than the peak MTF of the tilted non-overmolded axicon (i.e., 0.056). In addition to the increase in light intensity for TFRIS, the greater peak MTF can provide better visual performance.

[0255] In other embodiments, the overmolded optical components, with or without tilt, can be configured from a combination of spherical, toric, axicon-like, hybrid axicon-like, or mirror-like outer half components, and / or the connected components can have a spherical or mirror-like profile with a central axis or a tilted axis. In addition to tilt, the curvature of the hybrid axicon or mirror-like cone can be optimized as a function of the field of view angle to allow for an increase in through-focus light intensity with a peak in front of or behind the retina.

[0256] Figure 59An example of a geometrically tilted axicon (5911) is shown having a circular base shape and an applied geometric tilt. A hypothetical non-tilted reference axicon (5901) having a circular base shape is illustrated for reference. YZ plane cross sections (5902, 5912) of the non-tilted reference axicon (5901) and the geometrically tilted axicon (5911) are shown. In this geometrically tilted axicon example (5911), a fitted rotation operation is used to tilt the geometric coordinate space of the assembly in the YZ plane, resulting in a geometric tilt (5913) of the reference axicon z-axis (5903) at a geometric tilt angle (5915) to create the geometrically tilted axicon (5911). This transformation results in a shift of the sagittal height peak (5906) of the reference axicon (5901) toward the radial height peak (5916) of the geometrically tilted axicon (5911). The mathematical expression describing this fitted tilt transformation can be:

[0257]

[0258] Where (x t ,y t , z t ) in the coordinate space of the transformed element, i.e., the geometrically tilted axicon (5911), (x, y, z) in the coordinate space of the untransformed base element, i.e., the untilted reference axicon (5901), and θ is the magnitude and direction of the tilt in the YZ plane. Other embodiments of geometric tilting may include applying the tilt to a component of a mirror cone reference component or other reference component having a cross-section that is circular, conical, aspherical, or other profile. In further embodiments, the tilt may be applied to a reference component formed by azimuthally blending a combination of at least two of the profiles. Alternative embodiments may apply the geometric tilt transformation in a plane other than the YZ plane. Tilts in such other planes may be implemented by defining an axis to which the tilt is applied and describing such axis as a unit vector and then transforming via an equation, such as:

[0259]

[0260] Where (x t ,y t , z t ) is in the coordinate space of the transformed element, (x, y, z) is in the coordinate space of the untransformed reference element, (u, v, w) are the axis unit vectors, and θ is the angle and direction of the tilt.

[0261] Certain embodiments may combine features of overmolded and geometrically tilted components to create components that are both overmolded and tilted. When creating such components, stretch and geometric tilt may be applied along different axes. In other embodiments, for both stretch and geometric tilt transformations, stretch and geometric tilt may be applied independently along any axis, or in further embodiments, transformations may be applied along a common axis.

[0262] Figure 60 A top view (6001) and a side view (6002) of a tilted optical assembly, namely a tilted mirror cone (6000), are shown, which is shaped like a tilted cone with a curved lens top. The top view (6001) of the tilted mirror cone shows the dimensions of the top (6001e) and the dimensions and shape of the non-circular, non-elliptical base (6001f), wherein distances 6001j and 6001i are equal. The top view (6001) of the tilted mirror cone further shows the tilted mirror cone having an apex (6001a) that is offset from the geometric center (6001g) of the non-circular, non-elliptical base (6001f) along the z-axis by a distance (6001h). The side view (6002) of the tilted mirror cone shows the apex (6002a) and height of the tilted mirror cone defined by the combined height of the curved lens top (6002e) and the height of the lower axicon portion (6002f). The side view (6002) further illustrates the steepness and tilt of the tilt cone defined by angles (6002c) and (6002d). The shape of the base of the tilting optical assembly can be selected based on the ease of manufacturing on either of the two eyeglass lens surfaces, which can be spherical or aspherical.

[0263] An increase in total TFRIS or TFRIS anterior to or posterior to the retina with tilted axicons, tilted optics, tilted exfoliated optics, or other tilted optics compared with the same components without tilting may provide additional benefit in slowing myopia progression.

[0264] In other examples of the present disclosure using a tilted axicon or tilted mirror cone or other tilted overmolded or non-overmolded optical components, the extension of the total TFRIS can be 0.1 mm, 0.2 mm, 0.4 mm, 0.8 mm, 1.2 mm, 1.5 mm, 2.0 mm or 3.0 mm compared to an axicon or mirror cone or other overmolded or non-overmolded optical component without tilt.

[0265] In other examples currently disclosed using tilted axicons or tilted mirror cones or other tilted overmolded or non-overmolded optical components, the extension range of the total TFRIS can be between 0.1 mm and 0.5 mm, 0.2 mm and 0.8 mm, 0.5 mm and 1.0 mm, 0.8 mm and 3.0 mm compared to an axicon or mirror cone or other overmolded or non-overmolded optical component without tilt.

[0266] In other currently disclosed examples using a tilted axicon or tilted mirror cone or other tilted exfoliated or non-exfoliated optical components, the extension of the TFRIS in front of the retina can be 0.1 mm, 0.2 mm, 0.4 mm, 0.8 mm, 1.2 mm, 1.5 mm and 2.0 mm compared to an axicon or mirror cone or other exfoliated or non-exfoliated optical component without a tilt.

[0267] In other examples of the present disclosure using a tilted axicon or tilted mirror cone or other tilted exfoliated or non-exfoliated optical components, the TFRIS can extend between 0.1 mm and 0.4 mm, 0.2 mm and 0.8 mm, 0.4 mm and 1.2 mm, 0.4 mm and 1.5 mm, and 0.5 mm and 2.0 mm in front of the retina compared to a non-tilted axicon or mirror cone or other exfoliated or non-exfoliated optical component.

[0268] In other currently disclosed examples using a tilted axicon or tilted mirror cone or other tilted extruded or non-extruded optical components, the extension of the TFRIS behind the retina can be 0.1 mm, 0.2 mm, 0.4 mm, 0.8 mm, 1.2 mm, 1.5 mm and 2.0 mm compared to a non-tilted axicon or mirror cone or other extruded or non-extruded optical component.

[0269] In other currently disclosed examples using tilted axicons or tilted mirror cones or other tilted exfoliated or non-exfoliated optical components, the extension of the TFRIS behind the retina can be between 0.1 mm and 0.4 mm, between 0.2 mm and 0.8 mm, between 0.4 mm and 1.2 mm, between 0.4 mm and 1.5 mm, and between 0.5 mm and 2.0 mm compared to a non-tilted axicon or mirror cone or other exfoliated or non-exfoliated optical component.

[0270] As will be appreciated by those skilled in the art, the present invention may be used in conjunction with any device / method that may affect myopia progression.

[0271] These may include, but are not limited to, various designs of eyeglass lenses, color filters, pharmaceutical agents, behavioral changes, and environmental conditions.

[0272] The risk of developing myopia or progressive myopia may be based on one or more of the following factors: genetics, ethnicity, lifestyle, excessive near work, etc. Certain embodiments of the present disclosure are directed to persons at risk of developing myopia or progressive myopia with or without astigmatism.

[0273] According to one embodiment, the present disclosure relates to a myopia management spectacle lens for myopia, comprising a front surface, a back surface, an optical zone, an optical center, and at least one peripheral treatment zone, wherein the optical zone is configured with a substantially monofocal central distance zone for correcting myopia, wherein the at least one peripheral treatment zone comprises a plurality of tilted optical components and / or exfoliated optical components and / or exfoliated tilted optical components surrounded by the monofocals, wherein the optical components are optimized to increase the light intensity of a TFRIS, for example, at various field angles.

[0274] In addition, the selection of the tilted optical component and / or the overmolded optical component and / or the tilted optical component of the overmolded type, the selection and quantity of the area within at least one peripheral treatment zone, can optimize the size and amount of the tilt of the tilted optical component and / or the overmolded optical component within at least one peripheral treatment zone to provide optical stop signals for different field of view angles, thereby improving the therapeutic effect of reducing the rate of progression of myopia.

[0275] In addition, the selection of tilted optical components and / or exfoliated optical components and / or exfoliated tilted optical components, the selection of areas within at least one peripheral treatment zone, the number, size and amount of tilt of tilted optical components and exfoliated optical components within at least one peripheral treatment zone can be determined by considering various patient-related factors, such as the degree of myopia, onset of myopia, parental myopia, age, gender and other risk factors that are generally associated with the progression of myopia or high myopia and binocular vision performance.

[0276] Some further exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure are described in the following exemplary claim set.

Claims

1. A myopia management spectacle lens, comprising: An optical center configured with a distance prescription to provide a central region of foveal correction for myopia, wherein the central region is further configured to be surrounded by at least one peripheral treatment region of at least one tilted and / or overmolding optical component, wherein the tilted and / or overmolding optical component is configured to increase the width of a through focus retinal image spread (TFRIS) when compared to a TFRIS obtained with the same optical component without the tilt and / or overmolding, for at least one field of view angle to provide directional guidance to the peripheral retina, wherein the directional guidance is used to reduce an optical signal for myopia progression.

2. The myopia management spectacle lens according to claim 1, wherein: The shape of the central area is circular, elliptical or non-circular.

3. The myopia management spectacle lens according to claim 1, wherein: At least one tilted and / or overmolded optical component increases the width of the TFRIS at at least one field of view angle between 5 degrees and 50 degrees.

4. The myopia management spectacle lens according to claim 1, wherein: The at least one overflow-molded optical component includes two outer half components and a connecting component; wherein the at least one overflow-molded optical component is tilted or untilted; wherein the contour of the outer half component is spherical or toric or asymmetric or axicon-like, or mirror-conical, axicon-like or quasi-hybrid-axicon-like, and wherein the contour of the connecting component is spherical, toric, or asymmetric, or axicon-like, or mirror-conical, or axicon-like, or quasi-hybrid-axicon-like.

5. The myopia management spectacle lens according to claim 1, wherein: The at least one overmolded optical component, with or without tilt, is also configured with different combinations of outer half components with different profiles and connecting components that form an oriented vertex line.

6. The myopia management spectacle lens according to claim 1, wherein: The power distribution within the two outer half assemblies is configured using an asymmetric power distribution.

7. The myopia management spectacle lens according to claim 1, wherein: The at least one tilting optical component is configured by applying a vector tilt transformation to a reference optical component, thereby producing a tilting optical component; wherein the vector tilt transformation results in a base shape that is an elliptical, circular, or asymmetric base.

8. The myopia management spectacle lens according to claim 1, wherein: The at least one overmolded optical component is configured by applying an overmolding transformation to a reference optical component; wherein the overmolding transformation comprises an extension or overmolding along the y-axis to create an extended optical component from the reference optical component.

9. The myopia management spectacle lens according to claim 1, wherein: The at least one tilted or overmolded optical component is configured by applying both the vector tilt transformation and the overmolded transformation to the reference optical component, thereby producing a tilted, overmolded optical component.

10. The myopia management spectacle lens according to claim 1, wherein: The reference optical component is an axicon, a mirror cone, a hybrid axicon or an axicon.

11. The myopia management spectacle lens according to claim 1, wherein: The total number of tilted and / or overmolded optical components is at least 1, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45 or 50.

12. The myopia management spectacle lens according to claim 1, wherein: The difference in spherical, toric or power extremes between the two outer half components is at least +0.75D, or between +0.75D and +3.5D.

13. The myopia management spectacle lens according to claim 1, wherein: The overmolded optical component has a length of at least 0.05 mm, or between 0.05 mm and 2 mm.

14. The myopia management spectacle lens according to claim 1, wherein: The base of the angled and / or overmolded optical component may have dimensions between 1.2 mm and 3 mm in any direction.

15. The myopia management spectacle lens according to claim 1, wherein: The angled and / or overmolded optical assembly may be variable in size between the peripheral treatment areas.

16. The myopia management spectacle lens according to claim 1, wherein: The tilted and / or overmolded optical components are arranged in a ring, hexagon, square, non-concentric, flower-like, petal-like or random shape, and are separated or connected.

17. The myopia management spectacle lens according to claim 1, wherein: The angled and / or overflow optical component surrounds at least 15%, 25%, 35% or 50% of the optical zone, and the remainder of the optical zone is configured for essentially monovision vision correction for myopia.

18. The myopia management spectacle lens according to claim 1, wherein: The apex of the tilted or overmolded optical component is separated from the base centroid of the tilted or overmolded optical component by at least 5 μm to 50 μm.

19. The myopia management spectacle lens according to claim 1, wherein the TFRIS is expressed as light intensity distribution, point spread function (PSF) or modulation transfer function (MTF).

20. The myopia management spectacle lens according to claim 1, wherein the increased width of the TFRIS has a uniform light intensity distribution over at least one field angle in front of and behind the retina.

21. The myopia management spectacle lens according to claim 1, wherein: The width of the TFRIS increases, and the TFRIS has a non-uniform light intensity distribution in at least one field angle in front of and behind the retina, such that the non-uniform light intensity is greater in front of the retina.

22. The myopia management spectacle lens according to claim 1, wherein: The width of the TFRIS increases, and the TFRIS has a non-uniform light intensity distribution in at least one field angle in front of and behind the retina, such that the non-uniform light intensity is greater behind the retina.

23. The myopia management spectacle lens of claim 1, wherein the TFRIS is expressed as MTF and a threshold of at least 0.025, 0.05, 0.075, or 0.1 for comparing the TFRIS with the same optical component without tilt and / or overmolding.

24. The myopia management spectacle lens according to claim 1, wherein the peripheral treatment zone surrounding the central area is annular or elliptical, or is divided into horizontal, vertical, temporal, nasal, upper treatment zone or lower treatment zone.

25. The myopia management spectacle lens according to claim 1, wherein: The width of the TFRIS obtained with the tilted and / or overmolded optical component is increased by at least 0.1 mm compared to the same optical component without tilting and / or overmolding.

26. The myopia management spectacle lens according to claim 1, wherein: At each field of view angle, the tilt of the tilted and / or overmolded optical components is further optimized to achieve the maximum width of the TFRIS compared to optical components without tilt and / or overmolding.

27. The myopia management spectacle lens according to claim 1, wherein: Each of the tilting optical components is configured with a base, a geometric center and a vertex, wherein the vertex is located at a vertical distance or height from the base and a horizontal distance or eccentricity relative to the geometric center of the base, wherein the height and eccentricity of the vertex relative to the base define the steepness and tilt of each optical component, which is determined by a tilt control parameter and the angle of tilt, and wherein the steepness and / or tilt of each tilting optical component increases as a function of the field of view angle; wherein the tilt control parameter of the tilting optical component is between -1.00 mm and 1.00 mm; and wherein the control parameter of the tilt angle of the geometric tilting optical component is between 1 degree and 30 degrees.

28. The myopia management spectacle lens according to claim 1, wherein: The axis of the connecting component is eccentric, and the eccentricity is between -1 mm and 1 mm.

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