Limited space unmanned aerial vehicle autonomous homeward voyage method and device based on real-time mapping and path evaluation, and medium

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of unmanned aerial vehicle path planning, and particularly relates to a limited space unmanned aerial vehicle autonomous homeward voyage method based on real-time mapping and path evaluation. The method comprises the steps that when the unmanned aerial vehicle flies in a limited space without a GPS, real-time positioning is carried out through a laser radar SLAM technology, a three-dimensional grid map is constructed synchronously, and meanwhile a flight path is recorded in real time in a key point mode. When the electric quantity is insufficient or communication is lost to trigger return flight, the system generates two candidate paths in parallel, one path is a historical path which is backtracked in a reverse order, and the other path is a new path which is searched on a real-time map by using an A * algorithm. Then, the two paths are evaluated through a comprehensive scoring function, and scoring standards comprise path smoothness, path safety and path length; and finally, selecting a path with a relatively high score as an execution path, and performing safe return by combining a local obstacle avoidance algorithm. According to the invention, the limitation of pure path backtracking is overcome, and safer, more efficient and more intelligent autonomous homeward voyage is realized.