Aphid pest attractant

Abstract

The invention provides an aphid pest attractant. According to the aphid pest attractant, benzyl isobutyrate is used as a myzus persicae attractant. The invention finds that benzyl isobutyrate can be specifically bound with odorant binding protein of myzus persicae on a molecular level, so that the benzyl isobutyrate can be used as an effective active ingredient of the myzus persicae attractant. Benzyl isobutyrate is adopted as an active component of the attractant, so that the trend response to myzus persicae can be remarkably enhanced, and the attraction efficiency can be improved. Meanwhile, the compound is clear in structure, controllable in source, convenient to prepare and apply on a large scale, beneficial to reducing the use amount of chemical pesticides and reducing the risk of environmental pollution, suitable for green prevention and control of myzus persicae and good in application prospect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of green control technology for plant pests, and specifically relates to an aphid attractant. Background Technology

[0002] Tobacco aphids ( Myzus persicae The tobacco aphid, also known as the peach aphid, is a significant agricultural pest with a global distribution and an extremely wide host range. It is a typical polyphagous insect that can damage over 400 species of plants belonging to more than 50 families. Adults and nymphs suck plant sap, causing stunted growth, leaf curling, and deformities. Furthermore, the tobacco aphid is a major vector for many plant viruses, known to transmit over a hundred species, posing a serious threat to crop yield and quality.

[0003] Currently, the control of tobacco aphids still relies mainly on chemical pesticides. Long-term application not only easily leads to pesticide resistance in aphids but also may cause pesticide residues and environmental pollution. Utilizing physical and chemical trapping techniques to control pests is an important green pest control strategy. Developing tobacco aphid attractants can support green pest control technologies and help reduce the use of chemical pesticides. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide an aphid attractant, thereby overcoming the shortcomings of the prior art.

[0005] This invention first provides one use of benzoyl isobutyrate as an attractant for tobacco aphids; Another aspect of the present invention provides an aphid attractant comprising benzoyl isobutyrate.

[0006] Furthermore, the aphid attractant is an ethyl acetate solution of benzoyl isobutyrate.

[0007] The present invention also provides a method for attracting tobacco aphids, which uses benzoyl isobutyrate to attract tobacco aphids; The concentration of benzoyl isobutyrate used is 0.001-10 μg / mL, preferably 1 μg / mL.

[0008] This invention discovers that benzoyl isobutyrate can specifically bind to the odor-binding protein of tobacco aphids at the molecular level, thus serving as an effective active ingredient in tobacco aphid attractants. Using benzoyl isobutyrate as the active attractant component significantly enhances the tactile response to tobacco aphids, thereby improving attraction efficiency. Furthermore, this compound has a well-defined structure and controllable sources, facilitating large-scale preparation and application, helping to reduce the use of chemical pesticides, lowering environmental pollution risks, and making it suitable for green control of tobacco aphids, with promising application prospects. Attached Figure Description

[0009] Figure 1: The attraction effect of benzoyl isobutyrate on tobacco aphids. Figure 2 : Principal component analysis results of volatiles from tobacco and other host plants. Figure 3 Comparison of the content of key volatile components in tobacco and other host plants.

[0010] Figure 4 : Olfactory behavioral response of tobacco aphids to candidate compounds Figure 5 Olfactory behavioral response of tobacco aphids to different concentrations of benzoyl isobutyrate Figure 6 Figure: The binding results of tobacco aphid odor-binding protein with fluorescent probe (A) and benzoyl isobutyrate (B). Detailed Implementation

[0011] During the experimental research, it was discovered that the tobacco aphid exhibits different preferences for different host plants. Compared with cabbage, rapeseed, pepper, and peach trees, the tobacco aphid shows a strong preference for tobacco.

[0012] Analysis of tobacco volatiles identified benzoyl isobutyrate as a key component. Further behavioral experiments demonstrated that benzoyl isobutyrate has a significant attraction for tobacco aphids.

[0013] Based on the above findings, benzoyl isobutyrate can be used as an effective active ingredient in the preparation of tobacco aphid attractants.

[0014] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the embodiments and accompanying drawings.

[0015] Example 1: Determination that benzoyl isobutyrate has the effect of attracting tobacco aphids. 1. Behavioral responses of tobacco aphids to different host plants The selective behavior of tobacco aphids towards different host plants was determined using a Y-shaped olfactometer. Host plants were placed in two custom-made glass containers, one containing tobacco and the other containing cabbage, rapeseed, pepper, or peach trees. The Y-shaped olfactometer was placed in a dark chamber with a light source above it at an intensity of 100 lx to eliminate interference from light on the aphids' olfactory behavior. The airflow rate in both arms of the Y-tube was controlled at 150 mL / min using a flow meter. Before the experiment, the tested adult tobacco aphids were starved for 2 h. During the experiment, a single adult tobacco aphid was released at the base of the Y-tube, and observed for 15 min. An aphid was considered to have a tactile response to the odor source when it entered either arm and moved forward more than halfway; if the aphid remained at the base of the Y-tube within the specified time, it was considered unresponsive. Each aphid was tested only once. A total of 30 adult tobacco aphids were tested in each treatment group.

[0016] The experimental results showed that the tobacco aphid exhibited a clear preference for tobacco, with a significantly higher selection rate compared to cabbage, rapeseed, chili peppers, and peach trees. Figure 1 This indicates that the volatile substances released by tobacco play an important role in the host selection process of tobacco aphids.

[0017] 2. Detection of the types of volatile substances Solid-phase microextraction (SPME) was used to collect volatiles from host plants. During the experiment, the plant roots were wrapped and sealed with aluminum foil to prevent soil gas volatilization. The entire plant was placed in a specially designed sealed container and allowed to stand for 5 hours. Before extraction, the SPME head was placed in the gas chromatograph inlet for aging treatment at 250 °C for 16 min. The extraction head was then withdrawn and volatiles were adsorbed at a distance of approximately 0.5 cm from the sample. The extraction temperature was 60 °C and the extraction time was 40 min. Immediately after extraction, the sample was injected, and the resolution temperature was 250 °C for 1 min. The tested plants included tobacco, Chinese cabbage, rapeseed, pepper, and peach trees, with three biological replicates for each host plant. Analysis and identification of plant volatiles were performed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS).

[0018] The results of volatile component analysis are shown in Table 1. GC-MS analysis revealed 63 volatile compounds from the five host plants. Multivariate statistical analysis of the volatile data, specifically principal component analysis (PCA), showed that tobacco volatiles were significantly distinguishable from the volatiles of the other host plants in terms of overall characteristics. Figure 2 Further analysis revealed that the contents of 2-methyl-1,3,4-oxadiazole, benzoyl isobutyrate, neophytadiene, and 1-acetylimidazole in tobacco were significantly higher than in other host plants (Figure 3).

[0019] Table 1: Composition and Content of Volatile Components in Five Host Plants Example 2: Testing the attraction effects of different compounds on tobacco aphids 2-Methyl-1,3,4-oxadiazole, benzoyl isobutyrate, neophytadiene, and 1-acetylimidazole were selected. The attraction of different compounds to tobacco aphids was determined using a Y-type olfactometer at a concentration of 0.1 μg / mL. Benzoyl isobutyrate was measured in ethyl acetate, and the other compounds were measured in n-hexane. Thirty aphids were tested each time. The results showed that benzoyl isobutyrate could attract tobacco aphids; 2-methyl-1,3,4-oxadiazole, neophytadiene, and 1-acetylimidazole had almost no attraction effect on tobacco aphids. Figure 4 ).

[0020] The results showed that benzoyl isobutyrate could attract tobacco aphids in the concentration range of 0.001-10 μg / mL, with an attraction rate of 75%-90%. The attraction effect was most significant at 1 μg / mL, with an attraction rate of 90% (Figure 5).

[0021] Example 3: Verification of the binding ability of benzoyl isobutyrate to tobacco aphid odor-binding protein The binding affinity of benzoyl isobutyrate to odor-binding protein of aphids was determined using a fluorescence competitive binding assay. In the experiment, the odor-binding protein of aphids was first incubated with the fluorescent probe 1-NPN at room temperature to form a complex. Subsequently, different concentrations of benzoyl isobutyrate were added as competing ligands, and the binding affinity between benzoyl isobutyrate and odor-binding protein was evaluated by detecting changes in fluorescence intensity.

[0022] Experimental results showed that 1-NPN can serve as a suitable fluorescent probe for the detection of tobacco aphid odor-binding proteins (Figure 6A). With increasing isobenzoic acid concentration, the relative fluorescence intensity of the system significantly decreased, indicating that isobenzoic acid can competitively bind to tobacco aphid odor-binding proteins compared to the fluorescent probe. Further experimental results demonstrated that isobenzoic acid has a strong binding affinity to tobacco aphid odor-binding proteins (Figure 6B).

[0023] The above results indicate that benzoyl isobutyrate can be recognized and bound by the odor-binding protein of tobacco aphids, providing experimental evidence for its effective active ingredient as a tobacco aphid attractant.

Claims

1. Application of benzoyl isobutyrate as an attractant for tobacco aphids.

2. An aphid pest attractant, characterized in that, The aphid attractant contains benzoyl isobutyrate.

3. The aphid attractant as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The attractant is an ethyl acetate solution of benzoyl isobutyrate.

4. A method for attracting tobacco aphids, characterized in that, The method involves using benzoyl isobutyrate to attract tobacco aphids.

5. The method as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The concentration of the benzoyl isobutyrate used is 0.001-10 μg / mL.

6. The method as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The optimal concentration of the benzoyl isobutyrate is 1 μg / mL.

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