Anti-blocking trachea cannula for respiratory intensive care unit

Abstract

The utility model provides an anti-blocking trachea cannula for a respiratory intensive care unit, and relates to the technical field of first-aid equipment, the anti-blocking trachea cannula comprises a cannula body, the front end of the cannula body is sleeved with an inflation cuff, and the inflation cuff is attached to the trachea wall; the rear end of the tube body is communicated with a connecting tube, and the connecting tube is communicated with a breathing machine or an oxygen bottle; fixing protruding blocks are arranged at the two ends of the connecting pipe, hook-and-loop fasteners are arranged on the fixing protruding blocks, and the hook-and-loop fasteners located at the two ends of the connecting pipe are bonded with each other. The end of the tube body is arranged to be circular, the tube body comprises a first channel and a second channel, the two ends of the first channel are communicated with the inflation cuff and the inflation tube respectively, the second channel is formed in the tube wall of the tube body, and the second channel extends to the root of the inflation cuff and is communicated with the respiratory tract through a suction port. The device has the advantages that respiratory secretions can be discharged in time, the secretions suction tube is prevented from being blocked, and the respiratory tract is prevented from being damaged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of first aid equipment, in particular to an anti-blocking tube tracheal intubation tube used in a respiratory intensive care unit. Background Art

[0002] Tracheal intubation usually involves inserting a breathing tube through the mouth or nose, through the glottis, into the trachea or bronchus. The end of the breathing tube is connected to an oxygen supply machine to ventilate and supply oxygen to patients with respiratory dysfunction. Patients with severe respiratory problems often need to use a ventilator or oxygen cylinder for respiratory support therapy to maintain their respiratory function due to respiratory dysfunction. Some patients with respiratory failure need to go to the respiratory intensive care unit for local anesthesia and then undergo tracheal intubation to establish an artificial airway to keep the airway open and supply oxygen to the patient.

[0003] In addition, patients with severe respiratory diseases will produce more respiratory secretions on the surface of the respiratory mucosa. Some patients with severe respiratory diseases have difficulty coughing up phlegm and swallowing. The respiratory secretions gradually increase and block the respiratory tract, causing patients to have difficulty breathing. Respiratory failure is the main manifestation of severe respiratory diseases. The causes of respiratory failure patients include airway stenosis caused by tracheal or bronchial diseases, resulting in insufficient ventilation, abnormal ventilation caused by some heart diseases, and insufficient lung ventilation caused by respiratory muscle weakness caused by neuromuscular diseases. After most patients with respiratory failure undergo endotracheal intubation to establish an artificial airway, a large amount of respiratory secretions accumulate in the respiratory tract and need to be discharged.

[0004] Most respiratory tubes are equipped with air bags at the front end, which block the respiratory tract and allow the ventilator or oxygen concentrator to provide respiratory support through the respiratory tube to maintain the patient's respiratory function. Respiratory secretions gather above the air bag and cannot be discharged from the body on their own. They easily pass through the surface of the air bag and flow into the bronchi to cover the surface of the alveoli, increasing the risk of ventilator-associated pneumonia and prolonging the time of extubation of the respiratory tube. In addition, the viscosity of respiratory secretions of different critically ill patients is different. The respiratory secretions of some critically ill patients are relatively viscous, and it is easy to block the suction tube when suctioning the respiratory secretions above the air bag.

[0005] The air bag at the front end of the endotracheal tube is generally made of soft and strong polyvinyl chloride. Its surface pressure is not easy to observe. Excessive pressure can easily damage the patient's respiratory tract. The respiratory secretions accumulated above the air bag cannot be discharged from the body in time, which will increase the probability of ventilator-associated pneumonia. In addition, after most endotracheal tubes are inserted into the respiratory tract, the part connected to the ventilator often falls off the tube due to lack of fixation, which can easily cause damage to the patient's respiratory tract. Therefore, providing a endotracheal tube with an anti-blocking tube for respiratory intensive care units that can discharge respiratory secretions in time, reduce the intubation time of the respiratory catheter, prevent blockage of the secretion suction tube, and avoid respiratory tract damage is a technical problem that technicians in this field urgently need to solve. Utility Model Content

[0006] The utility model aims to provide an anti-blocking tube tracheal intubation tube for a respiratory intensive care unit.

[0007] The embodiment of the utility model is achieved as follows:

[0008] The utility model provides an anti-blocking tube endotracheal intubation tube for a respiratory intensive care unit, comprising: a tube body, a front end of the tube body is sleeved with an inflatable cuff, the inflatable cuff is filled with compressed air, and the inflatable cuff fits against the tracheal wall; the rear end of the tube body is connected with a connecting tube, the connecting tube is connected with a ventilator or an oxygen cylinder, and supplies oxygen to the patient through a channel arranged in the tube body; both ends of the connecting tube are provided with fixing protrusions, and the fixing protrusions are provided with Velcro, and the Velcro located at both ends of the connecting tube are adhered to each other to fix the tube body to the patient's head; the end portion of the tube body is set to be circular, the tube body comprises a first channel and a second channel, the two ends of the first channel are respectively connected with the inflatable cuff and the inflatable tube, the second channel is opened on the tube wall of the tube body, the second channel extends to the root of the inflatable cuff, and is connected with the respiratory tract through a suction port.

[0009] In a preferred specific implementation manner of the utility model, lubricating oil is coated on the surface of the second channel, the upper end of the second channel is connected to a suction tube, and the suction tube is connected to a negative pressure suction pump or a micro-flushing pump.

[0010] In a preferred specific implementation manner of the utility model, a one-way valve is connected above the inflation tube, and the one-way valve is connected to an inflation pump or a pressure gauge to fill compressed air or monitor the gas pressure in the inflation cuff.

[0011] In a preferred specific embodiment of the utility model, the one-way valve includes an outer shell, which is configured as a conical tube, a clamping ring is fixedly provided on the inner wall of the outer shell, the clamping ring has a through hole, a thimble is passed through the through hole, the thimble is connected to a rubber plug, and the rubber plug is adapted to the inner wall of the outer shell.

[0012] In a preferred specific implementation manner of the utility model, the clamping ring and the rubber plug have a certain distance, a tension spring is provided at the distance, one end of the tension spring is fixedly connected to the clamping ring, and the other end of the tension spring is connected to the rubber plug.

[0013] In a preferred specific implementation manner of the utility model, a pagoda bamboo joint tube is provided below the connecting tube, and the pagoda bamboo joint tube is adapted to the inner wall of the tube body.

[0014] In a preferred specific implementation manner of the utility model, a digital pressure gauge is arranged above the inflation tube, and the digital pressure gauge monitors the pressure in the inflation cuff in real time and displays it on a digital display screen in real time.

[0015] In a preferred specific implementation manner of the utility model, the inflatable cuff has a third channel, the third channel is filled with compressed air, and the third channel is connected with the first channel through a connecting hole arranged on the inflatable cuff.

[0016] In a preferred specific implementation manner of the utility model, the pagoda bamboo tube is connected to the fourth channel, and the fourth channel is connected to the lower respiratory tract; an arc-shaped transition is provided at the air outlet end of the fourth channel.

[0017] In a preferred specific implementation manner of the utility model, a three-way valve is arranged above the suction tube, and the three-way valve is respectively connected to the negative pressure suction pump and the micro-flushing pump.

[0018] The beneficial effects of the utility model are:

[0019] 1. The front end of the tube body is sleeved with an inflatable cuff filled with compressed air, the inflatable cuff fits against the tracheal wall, the inflatable cuff squeezes the tracheal wall, the rear end of the tube body is connected with a connecting tube, the connecting tube is connected with a ventilator or an oxygen cylinder, and supplies oxygen to the patient through a channel arranged in the tube body, both ends of the connecting tube are provided with fixed bumps, the fixed bumps are provided with Velcro, the Velcro arranged on the fixed bumps at both ends of the connecting tube are provided with male Velcro and female Velcro, the Velcro at both ends of the connecting tube are bonded to each other, the tube body is fixed to the patient's head, the tube is prevented from falling off, and the fixing and disassembly are convenient;

[0020] 2. The end of the tube body is set to be round, so as to avoid scratching the respiratory tract when the endotracheal tube is inserted into the respiratory tract;

[0021] 3. The inflatable cuff has a third channel filled with compressed air, the third channel is connected to the inflation tube through the first channel, a digital pressure gauge is provided above the inflation tube, the digital pressure gauge monitors the gas pressure in the inflatable cuff in real time, so that the gas pressure in the inflatable cuff is within a suitable range, thereby reducing the probability of ventilator-associated pneumonia;

[0022] 4. A suction port is provided in the lower space of the tube body at the root of the inflatable cuff, and the suction port is connected to a negative pressure suction pump through a suction tube to discharge respiratory secretions in the respiratory tract in time and reduce the intubation time of the respiratory catheter. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the utility model, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show certain embodiments of the utility model and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For ordinary technicians in this field, other relevant drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0024] Figure 1 This is a first-person perspective schematic diagram of an anti-blocking tube tracheal intubation tube for a respiratory intensive care unit according to the utility model;

[0025] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a second viewing angle of an anti-blocking tube tracheal intubation tube for a respiratory intensive care unit according to the utility model;

[0026] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of an anti-blocking tube tracheal intubation tube for a respiratory intensive care unit of the utility model;

[0027] Figure 4 This is an overall schematic diagram of a one-way valve for an anti-blocking endotracheal cannula used in a respiratory intensive care unit of the utility model;

[0028] Figure 5 The utility model is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a one-way valve of an anti-blocking tube tracheal intubation tube for a respiratory intensive care unit.

[0029] Figure Number:

[0030] 1. Tube body; 2. Inflatable cuff; 3. Connecting tube; 4. Inflatable tube; 5. One-way valve; 6. Velcro; 7. Suction tube; 8. First channel; 9. Second channel; 10. Suction port; 11. Third channel; 12. Rubber plug; 13. Snap ring; 14. Ejector pin; 15. Fourth channel. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiments of the utility model clearer, the technical scheme in the embodiments of the utility model will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the utility model, not all of the embodiments. Generally, the components of the embodiments of the utility model described and shown in the drawings here can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0032] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention to be protected, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0033] It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters denote similar items in the following drawings, and therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, further definition and explanation thereof is not required in subsequent drawings.

[0034] In the description of the present utility model, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inside", "outside", etc. indicate the orientation or position relationship based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or position relationship in which the utility model product is usually placed when in use, which is only for the convenience of describing the utility model and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present utility model. In addition, the terms "first", "second", "third", etc. are only used to distinguish the description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0035] In addition, the terms "horizontal", "vertical" and the like do not mean that the components are required to be absolutely horizontal or suspended, but can be slightly tilted. For example, "horizontal" only means that its direction is more horizontal than "vertical", and does not mean that the structure must be completely horizontal, but can be slightly tilted.

[0036] In the description of the present invention, it is also necessary to explain that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "set", "install", "connect", and "connect" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0037] The present application provides a blocking-proof endotracheal intubation tube for a respiratory intensive care unit to solve the technical problems that the respiratory tube of the existing endotracheal intubation tube is easy to damage the respiratory tract, the existing endotracheal intubation tube cannot discharge respiratory secretions in time, prolongs the intubation time of the respiratory tube, and the respiratory secretions are too viscous and easy to block the suction tube; to this end, the present application provides the following specific embodiments.

[0038] This embodiment provides an anti-blocking tube tracheal intubation tube for a respiratory intensive care unit, referring to Figures 1 to 5 Comprising: a tube body 1, the front end of the tube body 1 is provided with an inflatable cuff 2, reference Figure 1 and Figure 2The inflatable cuff 2 is filled with compressed air, and the inflatable cuff 2 fits against the tracheal wall. The inflatable cuff 2 fits against the patient's tracheal wall and squeezes the tracheal wall with appropriate pressure, which can effectively block micro-aspiration caused by reflux of fluid in the gastroesophageal cavity.

[0039] The end of the tube 1 is set to be round. Figure 2 and Figure 3 , to avoid scratching the respiratory tract during endotracheal intubation; the oxygen supply channel of the tube body 1 is set to a fourth channel 15, the fourth channel 15 extends to the lower respiratory tract, the fourth channel 15 is connected to the lower respiratory tract, and the air outlet end of the fourth channel 15 is provided with an arc transition to protect the respiratory mucosa and avoid respiratory tract damage.

[0040] The tube body 1 is made of polyethylene plastic, which has good softness and avoids scratching the respiratory tract; preferably, the tube body 1 is configured to be polyethylene powder doped with silver ion antibacterial components to inhibit the formation of biofilm on the surface of the tracheal tube, reduce bacterial colonization on the surface of the tracheal tube, block chronic bacterial infection, and reduce the incidence of ventilator-associated pneumonia.

[0041] Alternatively, the surfaces of the tube body 1 and the inflatable cuff 2 are both covered with a silver ion antibacterial film, thereby inhibiting the formation of biofilm on the surface of the endotracheal tube, reducing bacterial colonization on the surface of the endotracheal tube, blocking chronic bacterial infection, and reducing the incidence of ventilator-associated pneumonia.

[0042] A first channel 8 is provided at the wall thickness of the tube body 1, and the two ends of the first channel 8 are respectively connected to the inflatable cuff 2 and the inflatable tube 4, and the inflatable tube 4 is connected to the inflatable pump. The inflatable pump fills the inner space of the third channel 11 of the inner space of the inflatable cuff 2 with an appropriate amount of compressed air so that the inflatable cuff 2 fits the tracheal wall, preventing respiratory secretions from entering the bronchi or alveoli to cause choking and coughing, and blocking micro-aspiration caused by reflux of fluid in the gastroesophageal tract.

[0043] The inflatable cuff 2 has a third channel 11, and the third channel 11 has an air storage cavity. Compressed air is stored in the air storage cavity. The third channel 11 is connected to the first channel 8 through a connecting hole provided on the inflatable cuff 2, and compressed air is filled into the inflatable cuff 2 through the first channel 8.

[0044] Preferably, a one-way valve 5 is connected to the top of the inflation tube 4, referring to Figure 4 The one-way valve 5 is connected to an air pump or a pressure gauge to fill compressed air or monitor the gas pressure in the inflatable cuff 2; specifically, the one-way valve 5 includes a housing, Figure 4 and Figure 5The shell is configured as a conical tube, and a clamping ring 13 is fixedly provided on the inner wall of the shell. The clamping ring 13 has a through hole, and a ejector pin 14 is passed through the through hole. The ejector pin 14 is connected to a rubber plug 12, and the rubber plug 12 is adapted to the inner wall of the shell; when the ejector pin is pressed, the rubber plug 12 is separated from the shell to produce a certain gap, so that the inflatable cuff 2 can be inflated or deflated.

[0045] A plurality of clamping ribs are arranged on the periphery of the through hole, and a clamping area is provided between adjacent clamping ribs, and the clamping area is clamped to an air pump or a pressure gauge to fill compressed air or monitor the gas pressure in the inflatable cuff 2; specifically, the air pump is communicated with a connecting tube, a clamping piece is arranged at the front end of the connecting tube, a clamping protrusion is arranged on the clamping piece, a bending hook is arranged at the front end of the clamping protrusion, and the bending hook is arranged on the clamping rib, so that the air pump is clamped to the clamping rib through the connecting tube.

[0046] The front end of the pressure gauge is threadedly connected with a clamping joint, the front end of the clamping joint is provided with a clamping convex strip, the front end of the clamping convex strip is provided with a bending hook, and the bending hook is provided on the clamping rib so that the pressure gauge can be clamped on the clamping rib through the clamping joint.

[0047] The clamping ring 13 and the rubber plug 12 have a certain distance, and a tension spring is provided at the distance. One end of the tension spring is fixedly connected to the clamping ring 13, and the other end of the tension spring is connected to the rubber plug 12; the tension spring maintains the distance between the clamping ring 13 and the rubber plug 12, thereby improving the air tightness of the one-way valve 5.

[0048] Preferably, a digital barometer is provided above the inflation tube 4, and the digital barometer monitors the pressure in the inflation cuff 2 in real time and displays it on the digital display screen in real time, so as to monitor the pressure change of the inflation cuff 2 in real time and prevent the respiratory tract from being damaged by excessive pressure; specifically, the digital barometer includes a pressure sensor, a signal processing circuit and a digital display screen, and the pressure sensor has a silicon single crystal diaphragm. When the gas pressure acts on the silicon single crystal diaphragm, the surface of the silicon single crystal diaphragm bends, causing the resistance value of the silicon single crystal diaphragm to change and be converted into an electrical signal; the signal processing circuit amplifies, filters and digitizes the electrical signal output by the pressure sensor, converts the electrical signal into a digital signal, and displays the pressure value through the digital display screen.

[0049] The tube body 1 also has a second channel 9, which is opened on the tube wall of the tube body 1. The second channel 9 extends to the root of the inflatable cuff 2 and is connected to the respiratory tract through the suction port 10. The diameter of the suction port 10 is less than or equal to the diameter of the second channel 9 to prevent the adsorbed respiratory secretions from clogging the second channel 9; the upper end of the second channel 9 is connected to the suction tube 7, and the suction tube 7 is connected to the negative pressure suction pump. The negative pressure suction pump sucks the respiratory secretions above the inflatable cuff 2 and discharges the respiratory secretions inside the respiratory tract from the body in time, thereby reducing the risk of ventilator-associated pneumonia and reducing the intubation time of the respiratory catheter.

[0050] Preferably, the surface of the second channel 9 is coated with lubricating oil. The lubricating oil coated on the surface of the second channel 9 is a lubricating oil suitable for the human body. The respiratory secretions of some patients are relatively viscous. Applying lubricating oil on the surface of the second channel 9 can effectively prevent the respiratory secretions from blocking the second channel 9.

[0051] The suction tube 7 is also connected to a micro-flushing pump, which is placed in a cleaning water tank. After using clean water to dilute the respiratory secretions to clear the pipes, the respiratory secretions are sucked out of the body; or, the micro-flushing pump is placed in a lubricating oil tank. After using human lubricating oil to dilute the respiratory secretions, the respiratory secretions are sucked out of the body.

[0052] Preferably, a three-way valve is provided above the suction tube 7, and the three-way valve is respectively connected to the negative pressure suction pump and the micro-flushing pump. The three-way valve is rotated to connect the suction tube 7 with the negative pressure suction pump or the micro-flushing pump, and the corresponding suction instrument or flushing instrument is turned on to perform suction operations on respiratory secretions or flushing operations to dilute respiratory secretions.

[0053] The rear end of the tube body 1 is connected to the connecting tube 3, and the connecting tube 3 is connected to a ventilator or an oxygen cylinder, and supplies oxygen to the patient through a channel arranged in the tube body 1; both ends of the connecting tube 3 are provided with fixing protrusions, and Velcro 6 is provided on the fixing protrusions. The Velcro 6 located at both ends of the connecting tube 3 are bonded to each other to fix the tube body 1 to the patient's head, which is convenient for fixing and disassembly to prevent the tube from falling off.

[0054] A pagoda bamboo joint tube is arranged below the connecting tube 3, and the pagoda bamboo joint tube is matched with the inner wall of the tube body 1, so that the connecting tube 3 can be fixed on the tube body 1, which is quick to install and firmly fixed.

[0055] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A blockage-proof endotracheal intubation tube for respiratory intensive care units, characterized in that: include: A tube body (1), wherein the front end of the tube body (1) is sleeved with an inflatable cuff (2), the inflatable cuff (2) is filled with compressed air, and the inflatable cuff (2) fits against the tracheal wall; The rear end of the tube body (1) is connected to the connecting tube (3), and the connecting tube (3) is connected to a ventilator or an oxygen cylinder, and supplies oxygen to the patient through a channel provided in the tube body (1); Both ends of the connection tube (3) are provided with fixing protrusions, and Velcro (6) is provided on the fixing protrusions. The Velcros at both ends of the connection tube (3) are bonded to each other, so that the tube body (1) is fixed to the patient's head; The end of the tube body (1) is configured to be circular. The tube body (1) comprises a first channel (8) and a second channel (9). The two ends of the first channel (8) are respectively connected to the inflatable cuff (2) and the inflatable tube (4). The second channel (9) is formed on the tube wall of the tube body (1). The second channel (9) extends to the root of the inflatable cuff (2) and is connected to the respiratory tract through the suction port (10). A one-way valve (5) is connected to the top of the inflation tube (4), and the one-way valve (5) is connected to an inflation pump or a pressure gauge to fill compressed air or monitor the gas pressure in the inflation cuff (2).

2. The anti-blocking tube endotracheal intubation tube for respiratory intensive care unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: Lubricating oil is applied on the surface of the second channel (9), the upper end of the second channel (9) is connected to the suction tube (7), and the suction tube (7) is connected to a negative pressure suction pump or a micro-flushing pump.

3. The anti-blocking tube endotracheal intubation tube for respiratory intensive care unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The one-way valve (5) comprises an outer shell, the outer shell being configured as a conical tube, a clamping ring (13) being fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the outer shell, the clamping ring (13) having a through hole, a ejector pin (14) being inserted into the through hole, the ejector pin (14) being connected to a rubber plug (12), and the rubber plug (12) being adapted to the inner wall of the outer shell.

4. The anti-blocking tube endotracheal intubation tube for respiratory intensive care unit according to claim 3, characterized in that: The clamping ring (13) and the rubber plug (12) have a certain distance therebetween, a tension spring is provided at the distance, one end of the tension spring is fixedly connected to the clamping ring (13), and the other end of the tension spring is connected to the rubber plug (12).

5. The anti-blocking tube endotracheal intubation tube for respiratory intensive care unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: A pagoda bamboo joint tube is provided below the connecting tube (3), and the pagoda bamboo joint tube is adapted to the inner wall of the tube body (1).

6. The anti-blocking tube endotracheal intubation tube for respiratory intensive care unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: A digital pressure gauge is provided above the inflation tube (4), and the digital pressure gauge monitors the pressure in the inflation cuff (2) in real time and displays it on a digital display screen in real time.

7. The anti-blocking tube endotracheal intubation tube for respiratory intensive care unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inflatable cuff (2) has a third channel (11), the third channel (11) is filled with compressed air, and the third channel (11) is connected to the first channel (8) via a connecting hole provided on the inflatable cuff (2).

8. The anti-blocking tube endotracheal intubation tube for respiratory intensive care unit according to claim 5, characterized in that: The pagoda bamboo tube is connected to the fourth channel (15), and the fourth channel (15) is connected to the lower respiratory tract; The air outlet end of the fourth channel (15) is provided with an arc-shaped transition.

9. The anti-blocking tube endotracheal intubation tube for respiratory intensive care unit according to claim 2, characterized in that: A three-way valve is arranged above the suction tube (7), and the three-way valve is respectively connected to the negative pressure suction pump and the micro-flushing pump.

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