Sleep monitoring and sleepwalking prevention device

Abstract

The sleep monitoring and sleepwalking prevention device is designed to care for sleepwalking patients. Sleep disorders, including sleepwalking, affect many people around the world at different ages. The damage these disorders cause not only affects the individual but also their family. Sleepwalkers require continuous monitoring while sleeping. The claimed invention is an ear-worn covering that receives data such as blood oxygen saturation and heart rate to detect sleep cycles and the occurrence of sleepwalking, and sends this information to a processor and then an application on the patient's mobile phone. The claimed invention also detects abnormal changes in the sleepwalker's position, greatly facilitating the process of caring for the sleepwalker.

Description

Description of the invention Note: Items must be written only inside [ ], otherwise they will not be reviewed. Title of the invention (as stated in the declaration) Sleep monitoring and sleepwalking prevention device Technical background of the relevant invention Devices to care for sleepwalkers Technical problem and stating the objectives of the invention Snoring, nightmares, and sleepwalking are all sleep disorders that many people suffer from and have lost the joy of a comfortable and restful sleep. Sleepwalking is a sleep disorder in which a person unconsciously wakes up repeatedly during the night and moves around the room abnormally. For this reason, sleeping alone is dangerous for sleepwalkers. This condition may also be dangerous for other people who are in the same room with the patient because the person has little awareness in this state and has the possibility of harming themselves and others. This disorder usually occurs in childhood but may continue into adulthood. In case of more severe conditions, professional counseling and treatment are needed. Sleepwalking is also a symptom of dementia and Alzheimer's disease in old age, which makes it very difficult for the patient's companions or nurses in medical centers to care for the patient. Through various research and studies, it has been estimated that about 1 to 5 percent of the world's population suffers from sleepwalking.Treatments for this condition often involve addressing the underlying causes of sleepwalking, such as anxiety, or lifestyle changes that can help control the disorder. Medications, along with sedatives and counseling, are also offered to the patient to reduce anxiety. In the claimed invention, we are trying to help patients with sleepwalking without the intervention of drug treatment, by using a device to control the sleep cycle and check the symptoms in case of sleepwalking, automatically and without the need for others, to wake the person up and prevent harm to the person and others. It also has the ability to notify nurses or the patient's companions in a regulated manner. It also plays a sound to which the patient reacts with drowsiness, in addition to helping the patient fall asleep again and deepen his sleep, reducing the person's need for a nurse or companion 24 hours a day. A description of the state of the prior art and the history of developments related to the claimed invention. Patent number 20160073950, filed in 2015 by Matteo Franceschetti and Massimo Andreasi Bassi, discloses a sensor strip attached to a mattress that monitors a person's breathing and detects frequencies that correspond to snoring and sleep apnea. When a sleep disorder is detected, a notification can be sent to a device associated with the user, or the user's bed can be automatically adjusted to alleviate the sleep disorder. Using these principles requires a lot of space and a mattress. The invention is also of little use to sleepwalkers, while the claimed invention is a small, portable cover for sleepwalkers that, in addition to detecting snoring, shows their movements during sleepwalking. Patent number US20190192069A1 was filed in 2018 by Gary Nelson Garcia Molina, Erik Bresch, Ulf Grossekathofer, Adrienne Heinrich, Sander Theodoor Pastor. The invention is solely concerned with monitoring and controlling sleep stages and changes in the nervous system during sleep. The device is designed to be difficult to sleep with and does not allow for head rotation. Rather, the claimed invention allows the user to sleep comfortably and does not have the ability to track the patient during sleepwalking. Patent number WO2015079436A1, registered in 2018 by Assaf Sella, is a wristband that monitors and reports the patient's movements and movements. Unlike the claimed invention, this invention does not monitor the patient's vital signs, as well as the sleep cycle, breathing, and the approach to apnea. Also, due to excessive hand movements during sleep, there is a possibility of false reporting. In the invention number 20160367184 of 2016 by Melissa Susann LIM, a process is registered in which monitoring, control and diagnosis of sleep and breathing disorders are provided, while it does not have the ability to inform the patient and prevent sudden sleep disorders. Providing a solution to an existing technical problem along with an accurate, sufficient, and integrated description of the invention The claimed invention is generally (Figure 1), the body of the device (part 2) is in the form of a cover on the ear and a cover on the shoulder (part 4). In the body of the device, the patient's breathing rate is detected by the microphone module (part 16) and a decrease in blood oxygen saturation is detected by the blood oxygen saturation detection sensor (pulse oximetry) (part 15) installed on the earlobe. The components installed in the body of the device (part 2) are separated from the skin by a cover or coating layer between the electronic modules / sensors and the skin (part 1). Heart rate and blood pressure changes are detected by the PPG sensor for heart rate and blood pressure (part 11) and changes in the person's temperature during sleep are detected by the hygrometer and thermometer sensor (dht22) (part 12) which is located in the box housing the microphone, esp32 controller and other electronic components (part 5). This information is analyzed by the esp32 microcontroller (part 14) and sent to the patient's mobile phone by the Bluetooth module (part 7). The patient can also assess clear information about sleep time, number of awakenings, and sleep cycles through this process.If the frequency of the patient's breathing sound waves is within a certain range for snoring, the ESP32 microcontroller (piece 14) considers it a snoring sound, and if the blood oxygen level and heart rate decrease, it sends a wake-up alert to the phone and the vibration motor (piece 17) via the Bluetooth module (piece 7) connected to the body via the silicone adhesive pad (piece 18) and wakes up the patient. This process is done sequentially, and first the wake-up occurs via the vibration motor (piece 17) so that the patient does not wake up. The vibration of this module can be continuous until the patient is quiet or cyclical, depending on the user's choice. Ensuring that the patient remains still in bed is done by the gyroscope module (MPU9250) (piece 8). In this case, if there is no information about the change of position from lying (horizontal) to sitting or standing (vertical), the processor considers this state as the patient's attempt to lie down again. The ear cover is connected to the shoulder cover (piece 4) by a data transmission wire (piece 6).The change in the body position of the sleepwalking patient is detected by the gyroscope module (MPU9250) (piece 8) embedded in this cover and transmits information to the processor if sleepwalking begins and the body position changes compared to the lying position. In addition to the vibration of the vibration motor for vibration and vibration (piece 17), the person can also be woken up by playing a selected sound through the speaker (piece 10) embedded in this part. If it is not possible to connect the device to the phone, the audio player module (piece 4) embedded in the device plays audio files stored in the device's memory. This feature allows us to wake up people sensitive to certain sounds such as children and the elderly. The embedded GPS (piece 9) facilitates the movement of patients during sleepwalking to secure the route and find sleepwalking patients in hospitals and large medical centers. All this information is transmitted to the phone application by the Bluetooth module (piece 7), so the patient can have a good awareness of the quality, type, and sleep cycle; Have sleepwalking times and routes.To create a safe sleep, sounds with a specified audio frequency or desired music can be played through the speaker module (part 10) before going to sleep at a set time. This process helps to facilitate the patient's falling asleep. The electrical energy of the device is provided by a lithium polymer battery (part 13). The shoulder cover (part 4) and the box for placing the microphone, esp32 controller and other electronic components (part 5) are placed on the shoulder by the elastic band around the body (part 3). Explanation of shapes, maps and diagrams Part 1 - Cover or coating layer between electronic modules / sensors and skin Part 2 - Device body Piece 3 - Stretch around the body Piece 4 - Shoulder cover Part 5 - Box for placing microphone, esp32 controller and other electronic components Part 6 - Data transmission wire Part 7 - Bluetooth module Part 8 - Gyroscope module (mpu9250) Piece 9- GPS Part 10 - Speaker Part 11-PPG sensor for heart rate and blood pressure Part 12 - Hygrometer and thermometer sensor (dht22) Part 13 - Lithium Polymer Battery Part 14 - ESP32 microcontroller Part 15 - Pulse Oximetry Part 16 - Microphone module Part 17 - Vibration motor for vibration Part 18 - Silicone adhesive pad A clear and precise statement of the advantages of the claimed invention over prior inventions. Detecting blood oxygen saturation Heartbeat detection Detecting sweating Detecting the number of breaths Detecting patient movements Determining the patient's position during sleepwalking Sleep cycle detection Displaying breathing information in the application as a graph Waking the patient during sleepwalking and informing the nurse and the patient's companion when sleepwalking begins to prevent harm to the patient and others. Allowing the patient to sleep alone without continuous supervision, with the patient being informed when sleepwalking begins. Record a specific sound or upload the selected sound to the application Transferring the selected audio file to the device's memory for playback when sleepwalking occurs and the patient wakes up. Playing a selected recorded sound or sounds in the memory of the claimed invention through the sound player module of the device to put the patient back to sleep Description of at least one implementation method for implementing the invention The claimed invention can detect changes in the patient's movement and, by limiting the movements, transmit this warning that the patient is starting to sleepwalk via Bluetooth to the patient's phone or his companion and nurse, and wake the patient up with an alarm. Also, with GPS, if the patient does not wake up, it informs the patient and his companions of the movement route and the places where it usually occurs during sleepwalking. Pulse oximetry behind the ear measures the heart rate, blood oxygen saturation percentage, and the patient's respiratory rate by optically measuring the iron in hemoglobin and its flow in the posterior ear artery. Patients with sleep disorders, including sleepwalking and nightmares, experience increased blood pressure, respiratory rate, and sweating when the disorder occurs. This information is transmitted to the relevant nurse or supervisor. All this information can be easily transferred to the application with the Bluetooth module. The claimed invention has a convenient and easy-to-use interface that makes it possible for different ages and does not create an obstacle to sleep.Since people with certain diseases, such as Alzheimer's, dementia, autism, or children, react to certain sounds, these sounds can be loaded through the application and selected to be played through the microphone module in the device when waking up, preventing sudden anxiety when waking up. For children, it is recommended that the mother's voice be used in this process to guide the child to fall asleep again. Explicit mention of the industrial application of the invention The claimed invention is an alternative to drug treatments as well as long-term and stressful care for the patient. It can also be prescribed by doctors as the first line of care for sleepwalking patients. In addition, the claimed invention can be used at any age due to its ease of use. Since snoring has a frequency in certain ranges and is a repetitive and cyclical wave, the claimed invention can be used not only for sleepwalkers but also for people with other sleep disorders such as nightmares and snoring, and by examining the patient's vital signs, sleep sounds, sleep cycles and sleep quality. This device can be used in hospitals, nursing homes and even mental health centers due to its ease of use and facilitates the care process for a large number of patients by providing various data. It also provides the opportunity to develop researchers' understanding of this disease by analyzing the various data that the claimed invention receives, and in research results, by further quantifying the factors of the disease, a more accurate statistical analysis can be provided.The claimed invention can create the basis for widespread production within the country and its export abroad, and can be sold or used in medical equipment stores, clinics and dispensaries, nursing homes, sleep patient care and research centers, hospitals, and sleep clinics.

Claims

Claim What is claimed: (Items should be written only inside [ ], otherwise it will not be considered.) Claim 1: The sleep monitoring and sleepwalking prevention device works in such a way that information is transferred from the gyroscope module (mpu9250) and GPS to the processor, then the received information is notified to the patient or his companion with the Bluetooth module so that they can notice in case of movement and sleepwalking and prevent damage. Pulse oximetry and PPG sensor for heart rate and blood pressure Hygrometer and thermometer sensor (dht22), changes in temperature and blood pressure and oxygen level information to the esp32 microcontroller and the esp32 microcontroller, after analyzing the information, transmits it to the patient's or the patient's mobile phone via the Bluetooth module. This information also includes disorders such as nightmares and apnea that cause changes in the mentioned factors. The processor sends commands to wake the patient to the vibration motor for vibration and speaker through the data transmission wire.The claimed invention consists of the following components: Cover or coating layer between the electronic modules / sensors and the body skin Stretcher around the body Shoulder cover Box for placing the microphone, ESP32 controller and other electronic components Data transmission wire Bluetooth module Gyroscope module (MPU9250) GPS speaker PPG sensor for heart rate and blood pressure Humidity and temperature sensor (DHT22) Lithium polymer battery ESP32 microcontroller Pulse oximetry Microphone module Vibration motor for vibration and vibration Silicone adhesive pad Claim 2: According to claim number 1, the user, by recording his desired sound with the microphone module, selects this file for audio playback for waking up by the audio player module. This file is stored in the processor memory. If this process does not occur, the audio file previously stored in the processor memory is selected. In the command to wake up the patient, the selected file is played by the audio player module. This process is performed automatically after the vibration motor is activated for vibration. The vibration motor for vibration and vibration, at the command of the esp32 microcontroller and the user's selection, continuously or cyclically vibrates a small area of ​​the patient's body to inform him. Claim 3: Claim 4: Claim 5: Claim 6: Claim 7: Claim 8: Claim 9: Claim 10: Claim 11: Claim 12: Claim 13: Claim 14: Claim 15: Claim 16: Claim 17: Claim 18: Claim 19:

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