Phytosanitary product and use

Abstract

The present invention relates to a phytosanitary product comprising: (a) 5-85% an active substance selected from paraffin oil, a C7-C20 fatty acid or salts thereof, maltodextrin, pyrethrin, spinosad, azadirachtin, Bacillus thuringiensis, Beauveria bassiana, Cydia pomonella granulovirus, Allium sativum extract, citronella oil, clove oil, rapeseed oil, spearmint oil, orange oil, limonene oil, sunflower oil or onion oil, tea tree extract, eugenol, geraniol, thymol, deltamethrin, lambda cyhalothrin, lecithin, Salix spp. bark, Urtica spp. extract, L-cysteine, Equisetum arvense L., Allium cepa L. extract, Helicoverpa armigera nucleopolyhedrovirus (HearNPV), Quassia amara L. extract, Reynoutria sachalinensis extract, giant knotweed extract; Fallopia sachalinensis; Polygonum sachalinense; white willow bark extract, Yucca schidigera extract and sweet Lupinus albus extract; (b) 5-60% non-ionic surfactant; and (c) 5-80% anionic surfactant.

Description

[0001] PLANT PROTECTION PRODUCT AND USE

[0002] DESCRIPTION

[0003] TECHNICAL SECTOR

[0004] The present invention belongs to the technical field of the agrochemical industry. In particular, it relates to a new plant protection product and its use in protecting plants against harmful organisms.

[0005] BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

[0006] Plant protection products are chemical mixtures used to prevent, destroy, or control organisms harmful to plants, protecting them during production, storage, and transport. They are therefore essential products in agriculture, both for pest control and for improving crop yields. However, their use can pose risks and have harmful effects on people, animals, and the environment. For this reason, there are very strict regulations, both nationally and internationally, regarding the authorization of products and active substances that can be used as plant protection products.

[0007] Among the plant protection products that can currently be found on the market, there are various pesticides based on paraffin oil as the active substance.

[0008] For example, patent ES2557954 describes a plant protection product based on limonene essential oil, which may additionally comprise paraffin oil.

[0009] Likewise, patent application ES2830475 describes a synergistic composition comprising paraffin oil and an aqueous suspension of entomopathogenic fungal spores.

[0010] Paraffin oil is a type of mineral oil that can have insecticidal, acaricidal, and fungicidal properties. Its mode of action can be either physical (suffocation, asphyxiation, or impairment of gas exchange) or adjuvant, improving the adhesion and penetration of the product or products with which it is mixed. However, despite its advantages, paraffin oil can also present a number of drawbacks, such as:

[0011] Phytotoxicity in some sensitive plants when applied in high concentrations and / or at inappropriate times (with humidity, heat, etc.);

[0012] . toxicity to aquatic organisms (fish, amphibians, etc.);

[0013] . toxicity to beneficial insects (bees and other pollinators);

[0014] Environmental impact, since, although it degrades rapidly, accumulation can cause a negative impact on aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems; or

[0015] Human toxicity, and may be irritating to the skin and eyes if used incorrectly.

[0016] Furthermore, paraffinic oil is a petroleum derivative, so its manufacture depends on a finite fossil raw material, which has a negative impact on the environment, having a high carbon footprint.

[0017] Therefore, there is a need to drastically reduce the use of paraffin oil in plant protection products marketed on the market, while at the same time maintaining an effective insecticidal, acaricidal and fungicidal action.

[0018] The plant protection product that is the subject of the present invention provides a solution to this need, presenting a new formulation that, with a smaller amount of active substance (paraffin oil) compared to other plant protection products currently available, and which can even be replaced by other active substances, allows for better results in the protection against harmful organisms that affect plants.

[0019] DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0020] Therefore, a first object of the invention is a plant protection product consisting of an emulsifiable concentrate characterized in that it comprises:

[0021] between 5% and 50% by weight, preferably between 15% and 50% by weight, of at least one active substance selected from a group consisting of paraffin oil (for example, CAS No. 8042-47-5, 97862-82-3, 64742-46-7 or 72623-86-0), a fatty acid with a carbon chain of between 7 and 20 carbon atoms, as well as any of its salts (for example, CAS No. 67701-09-1, 112-05-0 or 110-42-9), maltodextrin (for example, CAS No. 9050-36-6), pyrethrin (for example, CAS No. 8003-34-7, 89997-63-7, 121-21-1, 121-29-9, 25402-06-6, 121-20-0, 4466-14-2 or 1172-63-0), spinosad (for example, CAS No. 168316-95-8, 131929-60-7 or 131929-63-0), Bacillus thuringiensis (any of its strains such as, for example, CAS No. 68038-71-1), Beauveria bassiana (any of its strains such as, for example, CAS No. 63428-82-0), Cydia pomonella granulovirus (any of its strains), Allium sativum (garlic) extract (such as, for example, No.CAS 8008-99-9), Azadirachtin (Neem extract such as, for example, CAS No. 11141-17-6 or 84696-25-3), citronella oil (such as, for example, CAS No. 8000-29-1), clove oil (such as, for example, CAS No. 84961-50-2), rapeseed oil (such as, for example, CAS No. 8002-13-9), spearmint oil (such as, for example, CAS No. 8008-79-5), orange oil (such as, for example, CAS No. 8028-48-6), limonene oil (such as, for example, CAS No. 5989-27-5), tea tree extract (such as, for example, CAS No. 68647-73-4), sunflower oil (such as, for example, No. CAS 8001-21-6), onion oil (as, for example, CAS No. 8002-72-0), eugenol (as, for example, CAS No. 97-53-0), geraniol (as, for example, CAS No. 106-24-1), thymol (as, for example, CAS No. 89-83-8), deltamethrin (as, for example, CAS No. 52918-63-5), lambda-cyhalothrin (as, for example, CAS No. 91465-08-6), lecithin (as, for example, No.CAS 8002-43-5), Salix spp bark extract (preferably white willow bark extract such as, for example, CAS No. 84082-82-6), Urtica spp extract (such as, for example, CAS No. 84012-40-8 or 90131-83-2), L-cysteine ​​(such as, for example, CAS No. 52-89-1), Equisetum arvense L, Allium cepa L bulb extract, Helicoverpa armigera nucleopolyhedrovirus (HearNPV), Quassia Amara L. wood extract (for example, CAS No. 84604-10-4), Reynoutria sachalinensis extract, Giant Knotweed (Polygonum cuspidatum) plant extract, Yucca schidigera extract (for example, No.CAS 90147-57-2) and an aqueous extract of germinated seeds of sweet Lupinus albus, as well as any combinations thereof; between 5% and 60% by weight, preferably between 40% and 60%, of at least one emulsifier consisting of a non-ionic surfactant, preferably polyoxyethylene(20)sorbitan monolaurate or polyoxyethylene(20)sorbitan trioleate, as well as any combinations thereof; and between 5% and 80% by weight, preferably between 15% and 60% by weight, of at least one adherent and penetrant consisting of an anionic surfactant selected from a group preferably consisting of sodium dioctyl sulfosuccinate, sodium docusate, alkyl ether phosphate and alkyl ester phosphate, as well as any combinations thereof.

[0022] In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the plant protection product may further comprise between 5% and 60% by weight, preferably between 6% and 20% by weight, of at least one wetting agent, which may preferably consist of propylene glycol.

[0023] Furthermore, in another preferred embodiment of the invention, the plant protection product may additionally comprise between 0.001% and 0.1% by weight, preferably between 0.009% and 0.09% by weight, of at least one colorant.

[0024] An active substance is understood to be a substance capable of protecting plants or parts or products of plants against pests or diseases, both before and after harvest.

[0025] In a particular embodiment of the invention in which the active substance used in the plant protection product is paraffin oil, said paraffin oil will preferably be characterized by comprising:

[0026] ...a percentage of saturated hydrocarbons equal to or greater than 95% by weight, a percentage that ensures a low risk of phytotoxicity resulting from the photodegradation of unsaturated molecules. Preferably, the hydrocarbons present in the paraffin oil will be intermediate-chain hydrocarbons (between 17 and 31 carbon atoms), which ensure insecticidal and / or fungicidal action and, at the same time, prevent a risk of chronic phytotoxicity;

[0027] . a percentage of paraffins equal to or greater than 65% by weight, which ensures the effectiveness of the product as an insecticide, acaricide and / or fungicide;

[0028] . an Unsulfonable Residue (Rl) greater than 90%, which allows reducing the risk of phytotoxicity;

[0029] . a purity that meets the purity criteria established in the European Pharmacopoeia 6.0;

[0030] A distillation temperature below 61°C, resulting from high homogeneity in the hydrocarbon chains, guarantees safety in its use. The claimed plant protection product, unlike other paraffin oil-based formulations available in the prior art, which are based on a high percentage of paraffin oil, has been shown to offer the following advantages:

[0031] . allows dissolving the cuticle of the exoskeleton of soft-shelled insects and other insects;

[0032] It cleans the waste generated by insects in crops;

[0033] It features an optimized wetting and adjuvant effect, making it a product that is easier to apply and more effective;

[0034] . decreases spore germination and mycelial growth of fungi;

[0035] Dissolves sooty mold (Capnodium spp).

[0036] Additionally, the claimed plant protection product offers the further advantage of reducing the amount of paraffin oil applied to the plants to be protected, proving especially effective against insects, mites, and fungi. This advantage is fundamental and distinguishes it from the prior art, as it has been demonstrated that the application rate of the claimed product can be 2 to 6 times lower than the application rate of a conventional paraffin oil-based product.

[0037] Regarding the manufacturing process of the claimed plant protection product, it is important to note that this process is not limiting to the invention, and may consist of a simple mixture of the different components of the plant protection product, without requiring it to be carried out in a specific order.

[0038] The invention also relates to the use of said plant protection product as an insecticide, acaricide and / or fungicide, protecting plants (including products and / or parts of plants such as fruits or seeds) against harmful organisms, understanding a harmful organism to be any pathogenic agent, species, strain or biotype belonging to the animal or plant kingdom that is harmful to plants or plant products such as, for example, the almond wasp (Eurytoma amygdali), Xylella fastidiosa (Philaenus spumarius), as well as any species of aphids, mites, psyllids, flies (Drosophila suzukii, etc.), nematodes, snails, slugs, hemipterans, lice, lepidopterans, mealybugs (onyscideans), coccoids, thrips, whiteflies, etc.

[0039] Specifically, the claimed plant protection product can be used to protect any type of crop, such as forestry, horticultural, or fruit crops, whether extensive or intensive, as well as ornamental plants. Its effectiveness has also been demonstrated in both open-field and indoor crops, regardless of the type of greenhouse (glass, plastic, etc.).

[0040] The dosage and method of application of the plant protection product are not limiting factors for the invention and may vary depending on the type of crop to be protected. Thus, the necessary applications may be used during all phenological stages of the plant (BBCH 11-89).

[0041] In general, it can be applied by foliar application at a dose of between 0.25 and 20 liters / ha per application, which corresponds to a range of 0.05 to 4 kg of active substance / ha, a percentage of between 0.025 and 2% v / v (L product / L water) and a water volume between 300 and 4,000 L / ha.

[0042] In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the product will be applied a maximum of 3 times during the BBCH phonological state 11-89, according to the following doses:

[0043] . between 7.2 and 12 L product / ha (for 3 applications);

[0044] . between 1.44 and 2.4 kg of active substance / ha (for 3 applications);

[0045] ...between 0.1% and 0.4% v / v (L product / L water), per application; and

[0046] . a volume of water of between 300 and 2,000 L / ha, per application.

[0047] BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES

[0048] Accompanying this description are a series of figures which, for illustrative and non-limiting purposes, represent the following:

[0049] Figures 1 to 3 show the efficacy results of trials conducted on pear (Pyrus communis) crops to study the control of the pear psylla (Cacopsylla pyri) pest compared to the application of a commercial product with a paraffin oil concentration of 80% by weight. Specifically, Figure 1A shows the results 3 days after the first application, Figure 1B shows the results 7 days after the first application, Figure 2A shows the results 3 days after the second application, Figure 2B shows the results 7 days after the second application, Figure 3A shows the results 3 days after the third application, and Figure 3B shows the results 7 days after the third application.

[0050] Figures 4 to 6 show the efficacy results of trials conducted on pear (Pyrus communis) crops to study the control of the psyllid (Cacopsylla pyri) pest compared to a commercial product with a potassium salt concentration of 48% by weight. Specifically, Figure 4A shows the results 3 days after the first application, Figure 4B shows the results 7 days after the first application, Figure 5A shows the results 3 days after the second application, Figure 5B shows the results 7 days after the second application, Figure 6A shows the results 3 days after the third application, and Figure 6B shows the results 7 days after the third application. Figures 7 and 8 show the results of trials conducted on pear (Pyrus communis) crops to study the control of the psyllid (Cacopsylla pyri) pest compared to a commercial product with a potassium salt concentration of 48% by weight.Figure 8 shows the efficacy results of trials conducted in open-field pepper (Capsicum annuuri) crops to study the control of the whitefly (Bemisia tabaci) pest compared to a commercial product with an azadirachtin concentration of 2.6% by weight. Specifically, Figure 7A shows the results 3 days after the first application, Figure 7B shows the results 10 days after the first application, Figure 8A shows the results 3 days after the second application, and Figure 8B shows the results 10 days after the second application.

[0051] BRIEF DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0052] The following describes an example of a particular embodiment of the invention, corresponding to a specific formulation of the claimed plant protection product. In this particular embodiment, the plant protection product is characterized in that it comprises:

[0053] . 21% by weight of an active substance consisting of paraffin oil;

[0054] . 45.99% by weight of a non-ionic surfactant consisting of polyoxyethylene(20)sorbate monolaurate or polyoxyethylene(20)sorbate trioleate;

[0055] . 18.75% by weight of an anionic surfactant consisting of sodium dioctyl sulfosuccinate or sodium docusate,

[0056] . 8% by weight of an anionic surfactant consisting of alkyl ether phosphate;

[0057] . 6.25% by weight of a humectant consisting of propylene glycol;

[0058] 0.01% by weight of a dye. In order to test the efficacy of the claimed plant protection product, a series of efficacy trials were carried out, applying a dose of 2 to 4 L / ha of the plant protection product described above, according to a particular embodiment of the invention. The trials carried out proved the absence of phytotoxicity.

[0059] The first trial was conducted by applying the product to pear (Pyrus communis) orchards to control the pear psylla (Cacopsylla pyri) pest, compared to a commercial product with a paraffin oil concentration of 80% by weight, applied at a dose of 20 L / hl. Both products were applied three times. The efficacy results are shown in Figures 1 to 3, which demonstrate the increased pest control efficacy achieved with the claimed plant protection product. A significant difference in efficacy of almost 10% was observed after the third application, despite applying twenty times less of the active ingredient with the claimed plant protection product, in both nymphal stages (N1-N3 and N4-N5).Overall, the claimed plant protection product has proven to be 48% more effective than a commercial product based on paraffin oil that is 80% by weight.

[0060] The second trial was conducted by applying the product to pear (Pyrus communis) orchards for the control of pear psylla (Cacopsylla pyri) compared to a commercial product with a potassium fatty acid salt concentration of 48% by weight, applied at a dose of 10 L / hl. Both products were applied three times. The efficacy results are shown in Figures 4 to 6, which demonstrate the increased pest control efficacy achieved with the claimed plant protection product. It was more than 40% more effective than the reference product in controlling psyllid nymphs in the N1-N3 stage and more than 10% more effective than the reference product in controlling psyllid nymphs in the N4-N5 stage, both after the third application, despite using six times less active ingredient with the claimed plant protection product.

[0061] The third trial was conducted by applying the product to pepper crops (Capsicum annuum) for the control of the whitefly pest (Bemisia tabaci) compared to a commercial product with a concentration of 2.6% azadirachtin by weight, applied at a dose of 100 cc / hl. The efficacy results are shown in Figures 7 and 8, which demonstrate the increased pest control efficacy achieved with the application of the claimed plant protection product. It was more than 50% more effective than the reference product in controlling whitefly larvae and more than 20% more effective than the reference product in controlling adult whiteflies, both after the second application. The efficacy obtained with the claimed product is fully comparable to commercially available products, exceeding 90% for whitefly control.

Claims

CLAIMS 1. Plant protection product characterized in that it comprises: a) between 5% and 50% by weight of at least one active substance selected from a group consisting of paraffin oil, a fatty acid with a carbon chain of between 7 and 20 carbon atoms, as well as any of its salts, maltodextrin, pyrethrin, spinosad, azadirachtin, Bacillus thuringiensis, Beauveria bassiana, Cydia pomonella granulovirus, Allium sativum extract, citronella oil, clove oil, rapeseed oil, spearmint oil, orange oil, limonene oil, tea tree extract, sunflower oil, onion oil, eugenol, geraniol, thymol, deltamethrin, lambda-cyhalothrin, lecithin, Salix spp bark, Urtica spp extract, L-cysteine, Equisetum arvense L, Allium cepa L bulb extract, nucleopolyhedrovirus of Helicoverpa armigera, Quassia Amara L wood extract, Reynoutria sachalinensis extract, Giant Knotweed extract,extract of Yucca schidigera and aqueous extract of germinated seeds of sweet Lupinus albus, as well as any combination thereof; b) between 5% and 60% by weight of at least one emulsifier consisting of a non-ionic surfactant; and c) between 5% and 80% by weight of at least one adherent and penetrant consisting of an anionic surfactant.

2. Plant protection product according to claim 1, wherein the active substance comprises between 15% and 50% by weight.

3. Plant protection product according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the non-ionic surfactant is between 40% and 60% by weight.

4. Plant protection product according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the non-ionic surfactant is polyoxyethylene(20)sorbate monolaurate or polyoxyethylene(20)sorbate trioleate.

5. Plant protection product according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the anionic surfactant is between 15% and 60% by weight.

6. Plant protection product according to any one of the preceding claims, where the anionic surfactant is selected from a group consisting of sodium dioctylsulfosuccinate, sodium docusate, alkyl ether phosphate and alkyl ester phosphate, as well as any combinations thereof.

7. Plant protection product according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein said product further comprises between 5% and 60% by weight of at least one wetting agent consisting of propylene glycol.

8. Plant protection product according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein said product further comprises between 0.001% and 0.1% by weight of at least one colorant.

9. Plant protection product according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the paraffin oil comprises a percentage of saturated hydrocarbons equal to or greater than 95% by weight and a percentage of paraffins equal to or greater than 65% by weight.

10. Use of a plant protection product according to any one of claims 1 to 9 as an insecticide, acaricide and / or fungicide.

11. Use, according to claim 10, wherein the application of the product is by spraying, at a dose per application of between 0.25 and 20 liters / ha, between 0.05 and 4 kg of active substance / ha, between 0.025% and 2% v / v with a water volume between 300 and 4,000 L / ha.

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