Pneumatic and hydraulic universal piston-plunger series actuation module and fluid transmission device

Abstract

The present invention discloses a pneumatic and hydraulic universal piston-plunger series actuation module and a fluid transmission device, wherein the basic components of the actuation module include an actuation element and a through-hole interface element, the actuation element includes a plunger, an intermediate rod and a piston connected in sequence from front to back, the through-hole interface element at least has a plunger hole and an intermediate rod hole, the plunger and the plunger hole, the intermediate rod and the intermediate rod hole are all slidingly sealed, so that a plunger actuation chamber is formed between the through-hole interface element, the rear of the plunger and the intermediate rod. The actuation module can not only be matched with the piston cylinder body to form a fully functional pneumatic cylinder or hydraulic cylinder, but also a piston hole can be set on the fixed body of the relevant machine to match it to form a fluid transmission device, and multiple can be loaded together on a multi-position fixed body to form a modular multi-position pressure-equalizing linkage fluid transmission device, which can better meet the requirements of modern manufacturing industry for green, modularization and personalized customization of fluid transmission elements.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of air cylinders and hydraulic cylinders, and mainly to a pneumatic and hydraulic universal piston-plunger series actuation module and a fluid transmission device. Background Art

[0002] Air cylinders and hydraulic cylinders are widely used actuators in the field of liquid transmission. In order to reduce the radial size of air cylinders and hydraulic cylinders, especially air cylinders, people will choose to use tandem cylinders (commonly known as double-force cylinders), because the use of two-stage tandem cylinders can reduce the cylinder diameter by about 40%, and multi-stage tandem cylinders can reduce the cylinder diameter even more.

[0003] Attached Figure 1 This is the structural principle diagram of the existing double-cylinder double-piston double-acting two-stage series cylinder. As can be seen from the figure, the rear piston rod 5' is fixedly connected to the front piston 10'. Its working principle is: during the working stroke, the two-position four-way reversing valve 22' works in the left position, and the pressurized gas passes through the rear piston rear cavity pipe joint threaded adapter hole 14' and the front piston rear cavity pipe joint threaded adapter hole 18', and enters the rear piston rear cavity 15' and the front piston rear cavity 19' at the same time, pushing the rear piston 4'-rear piston rod 5'-front piston 10'-front piston rod 11' to move to the right together, and the front piston rod 11' outputs thrust to do work. The output thrust is twice that of a single-piston cylinder, that is, F 推 =2×πD 2 P / 4=πD 2 P / 2 (D is the piston diameter, P is the system pressure).

[0004] During the working stroke, the front piston front chamber 20' is connected to the atmosphere through the front piston front chamber air pipe joint thread adapter 21', the rear piston front chamber 16' is connected to the atmosphere through the rear piston front chamber air pipe joint thread adapter hole 17', and then through the two-position four-way reversing valve 22'.

[0005] When the two-position four-way reversing valve 22' is switched to the right position, it is the return stroke.

[0006] Through in-depth technical function and value engineering analysis, it can be found that Figure 1 The existing tandem cylinder shown has the following outstanding technical defects:

[0007] (1) It has two front and rear cylinders and two sets of front and rear piston-piston rods, with large axial dimensions, complex and cumbersome structure, and large overall volume;

[0008] (2) It has a total of four chambers, namely, the rear piston thrust actuation chamber, the rear piston tension actuation chamber, the front piston thrust actuation chamber and the front piston tension actuation chamber, and has corresponding four pipe joint threaded adapter holes. Not only is the structure itself complex, but the external piping layout is also very inconvenient. It is also necessary to add accessories such as tee joints. The overall manufacturing cost is high, and the installation and adjustment are time-consuming and labor-intensive.

[0009] (3) Since the threaded adapter holes of the air pipe joints of each actuating chamber are different from those of the oil pipe joints, they cannot be universally compatible with the oil pipe joints, and can only be used for pneumatic transmission but not for hydraulic transmission;

[0010] (4) The piston rod diameter is small and the rigidity is poor.

[0011] An important development direction of modern mechanical design is modularization, because modularization can meet the requirements of low cost, large volume, and personalized customization. However, modular design is currently only applicable to the design of relatively complex mechanical products. The simpler the product, the more difficult it is to carry out modular design. Products such as hydraulic cylinders and pneumatic cylinders often have only a few parts, so modular hydraulic cylinders and pneumatic cylinders have not yet appeared.

[0012] In addition, modern manufacturing industry has put forward requirements for fluid transmission components such as green, modular, integrated, large-scale, low-cost and personalized customization. Figure 1 The existing two-stage tandem cylinder shown obviously does not have the above characteristics fundamentally.

[0013] There is another important application of hydraulic cylinders and pneumatic cylinders, that is, multi-cylinder pressure-balancing linkage. The multi-cylinder pressure-balancing linkage device is a fixed body with multiple interfaces, and a single-acting single-piston cylinder with complete functions is fixedly installed on each interface.

[0014] Attached Figure 2 It is an existing 4-cylinder pressure-equalizing linkage hydraulic transmission device, and its working principle is: bolts are used to fix the fixed body 2" on the relevant working machine through 4 fixed installation holes 1", and the fixed body 2" is provided with a threaded adapter hole 4" for the oil pipe joint; 4 sets of threaded clamping cylinders with complete functions are respectively installed in the corresponding threaded interface holes of the fixed body 2" with the external threaded interface of the threaded cylinder body 8", and the oil pipe joint threaded adapter hole 5" of each threaded clamping cylinder connects the piston rear cavity 6" and the internal fluid channel 3" of the fixed body.

[0015] During the working process, the pressure liquid passes through the fixed body pipe joint threaded adapter hole 4" on the fixed body 2", passes through the internal fluid channel 3", and then passes through the pipe joint threaded adapter hole 5" of each threaded cylinder body, and at the same time enters the piston rear cavity 6" of each cylinder, pushing the piston 9"-piston rod 10" to overcome the force of the return spring 11", and move forward to clamp each workpiece 12". At this time, the front cavity of each piston is connected to the atmosphere through the air breathing hole 13" on its own threaded cylinder body.

[0016] The multi-cylinder pressure-equalizing linkage device has a force feedback pressure-equalizing function, that is, when the front end of a piston rod 10" first contacts the workpiece 12", it naturally stops moving. The force feedback function allows other piston rods to contact the workpiece one after another, and finally all apply the same force to the workpiece, which is not affected by the size error of the workpiece. This is the so-called pressure-equalizing function of force feedback.

[0017] However, Figure 2 The existing multi-cylinder pressure-equalizing linkage hydraulic transmission device shown has the following serious disadvantages:

[0018] (1) Since the fully functional threaded cylinder needs to be screwed into the fixed body, the oil pipe joint threaded adapter hole 4" of the fixed body and the oil pipe joint threaded adapter hole 5" of the threaded cylinder are duplicated. Therefore, the threaded adapter hole 5" of the threaded cylinder joint is completely redundant and unnecessary, and the resulting functional redundancy, increased size and volume, and waste can be imagined;

[0019] (2) Single-acting single-piston cylinders not only have low output force, but also require a return spring 11" to be installed outside the piston rod 10", resulting in a smaller piston rod diameter and poor rigidity. This is a technical defect that is difficult to overcome for small cylinders and hydraulic cylinders with small cylinder diameters; especially for micro cylinders and hydraulic cylinders with very small cylinder diameters, it is almost a fatal technical defect;

[0020] (3) In fact, engineering Figure 2 The technical essence of the multi-cylinder pressure-equalizing linkage fluid transmission device shown is a multi-position pressure-equalizing linkage fluid transmission device, while the prior art provides a multi-cylinder pressure-equalizing linkage fluid transmission device, which results in functional redundancy and great waste;

[0021] (4) Figure 2 The multi-cylinder pressure-equalizing linkage fluid transmission device shown in the figure generally requires the overall radial dimension to be as small as possible. However, this type of transmission device can currently only use multiple single-acting single-piston cylinders, and the reduction of the radial dimension is restricted by rigidity. Figure 1 The double-acting tandem cylinder shown above, even if it can be designed to be single-acting, cannot be used in Figure 2 If a single-acting series actuation module with a simple structure that can be applied to multi-position pressure-equalizing fluid transmission devices can be innovatively designed, and multi-position pressure-equalizing fluid transmission devices can be used to replace multi-cylinder pressure-equalizing fluid transmission devices, it will not only significantly reduce the radial and axial dimensions, but also meet the requirements of modern manufacturing industry for fluid transmission components such as green, modular, large-scale, low-cost and personalized customization. Summary of the invention

[0022] The first object of the present invention is to provide a pneumatic and hydraulic universal piston-plunger series actuation module.

[0023] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a pneumatic and hydraulic universal piston-plunger series actuation module, the basic components of which include an actuation element and a through-hole interface element, the actuation element includes a plunger, an intermediate rod and a piston connected in sequence from front to back, the diameters of the piston and the plunger are both larger than the rod diameter of the intermediate rod, the through-hole interface element has at least a plunger hole and an intermediate rod hole, the plunger and the plunger hole are slidably and sealedly matched, the intermediate rod passes through the intermediate rod hole and slidably and sealedly matched therewith, so that a plunger actuation chamber is formed between the through-hole interface element, the rear part of the plunger and the intermediate rod.

[0024] Preferably, the actuating element is provided with an internal fluid passage extending from the rear end of the piston through the intermediate rod to the plunger actuating chamber.

[0025] The second object of the present invention is to provide a modular air cylinder and hydraulic cylinder using the above-mentioned pneumatic and hydraulic universal piston-plunger series actuation module.

[0026] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a modular cylinder and hydraulic cylinder, including the above-mentioned pneumatic and hydraulic universal piston-plunger series actuation module, and also including a piston cylinder body with a piston hole, the rear end of the through-hole interface element is fixedly connected to the front end of the piston hole, and the piston and the piston hole are slidably and sealedly matched.

[0027] Preferably, the piston separates the piston hole into a mutually independent piston front cavity and a piston rear cavity, and the piston cylinder body is provided with two pipe joint adapter holes respectively connected with the piston front cavity and the piston rear cavity.

[0028] The third object of the present invention is to provide a fluid transmission device using the above-mentioned pneumatic and hydraulic universal piston-plunger series actuation module.

[0029] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a fluid transmission device, including the above-mentioned pneumatic and hydraulic universal piston-plunger series actuation module, the machine has a fixed body, the fixed body is provided with a piston hole, and an interface located at the front end of the piston hole for matching with the through-hole interface element, the rear end of the through-hole interface element is docked and fixedly connected with the interface, and the piston and the piston hole are slidably and sealedly matched.

[0030] Preferably, the piston separates the piston hole into a mutually independent piston front cavity and piston rear cavity, and two pipe joint adapter holes respectively connected to the piston front cavity and the piston rear cavity are also provided on the end of the fixed body.

[0031] The fourth object of the present invention is to provide a modular multi-position pressure-equalizing linkage fluid transmission device using the above-mentioned pneumatic and hydraulic universal piston-plunger series actuation module.

[0032] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a modular multi-position equalizing pressure linkage fluid transmission device, characterized in that: the equalizing pressure linkage fluid transmission device includes a multi-position fixed body, and a plurality of pneumatic and hydraulic universal piston-plunger series actuation modules as mentioned above, the multi-position fixed body is provided with a plurality of piston holes, and an interface located at the front end of the piston hole for matching with the through hole interface element, the rear end of the through hole interface element is docked with the interface and fixedly connected, and the piston and the piston hole are slidably and sealedly matched.

[0033] Preferably, the piston separates the piston hole into a piston rear chamber and a piston front chamber which are independent of each other, and a return spring is also arranged in the piston front chamber.

[0034] Furthermore, the multi-position fixed body is also provided with a pipe joint threaded adapting hole adapted to the pipe joint of the fluid inlet and outlet pipelines, and a liquid flow channel connecting the pipe joint threaded adapting hole and all the piston rear cavities.

[0035] Preferably, the multi-position fixed body is also provided with an air breathing hole connected to each of the piston front cavities.

[0036] Due to the application of the above-mentioned technical scheme, the present invention has the following advantages compared with the prior art: the pneumatic and hydraulic universal piston-plunger tandem actuation module of the present invention can not only be matched with the piston cylinder body to form a fully functional pneumatic cylinder or hydraulic cylinder, but also a piston hole can be set on the fixed body of the relevant machine to match it to form a fluid transmission device, and multiple ones can be loaded together on a multi-position fixed body to form a modular multi-position equalizing pressure linkage fluid transmission device, which significantly improves the technical and economic indicators of the existing double-cylinder, double-piston, double-acting, two-stage tandem cylinder and multi-cylinder linkage equalizing pressure transmission device, and can better meet the requirements of modern manufacturing industry for green, modular, integrated, large-scale, low-cost, personalized customization and other requirements for fluid transmission elements. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0037] Attached Figure 1 It is a structural principle diagram of a double-cylinder, double-piston, double-acting, two-stage series cylinder in the background technology;

[0038] Attached Figure 2 It is a structural principle diagram of a four-cylinder pressure-equalizing linkage hydraulic transmission device in the background technology;

[0039] Attached Figure 3 It is a structural principle diagram of the pneumatic and hydraulic universal piston-plunger series actuation module of the present invention;

[0040] Attached Figure 4 For the attached Figure 3 The structural principle diagram of the modular cylinder of the piston-plunger series actuation module;

[0041] Attached Figure 5 For the attached Figure 3 A structural schematic diagram of a fluid transmission device of a piston-plunger series actuation module;

[0042] Attached Figure 6 For application Figure 3 The structural principle diagram of the four-position linkage pressure-equalizing fluid transmission device of the piston-plunger series actuation module;

[0043] Wherein: 1', rear end cover; 2', rear cylinder; 3', rear piston sliding seal friction pair; 4', rear piston; 5', rear piston rod; 6', middle cover; 7', rear piston rod sliding seal friction pair; 8', front cylinder; 9', front piston sliding seal friction pair; 10', front piston; 11', front piston rod; 12', front end cover; 13', front piston rod sliding seal friction pair; 14', rear piston rear cavity air pipe joint threaded adapter hole; 15', rear piston rear cavity; 16', rear piston front cavity; 17', rear piston front cavity air pipe joint threaded adapter hole; 18', front piston rear cavity air pipe joint threaded adapter hole; 19', front piston rear cavity; 20', front piston front cavity; 21', front piston front cavity air pipe joint threaded adapter hole; 22', two-position four-way reversing valve;

[0044] 1”, fixed installation hole; 2”, fixed body; 3”, internal fluid channel; 4”, fixed body pipe joint threaded adapter hole; 5”, threaded cylinder pipe joint threaded adapter hole; 6”, piston rear chamber; 7”, piston front chamber; 8”, threaded cylinder; 9”, piston; 10”, piston rod; 11”, return spring; 12”, workpiece; 13”, air breathing hole;

[0045] 1. Actuating element; 11. Plunger; 12. Plunger sealing ring; 13. Intermediate rod; 14. Intermediate rod sealing ring; 15. Piston; 16. Piston sealing ring; 17. Internal fluid channel; 2. Through-hole interface element; 21. Plunger hole; 22. Intermediate rod hole; 23. Plunger actuating chamber; 3. Piston cylinder; 31. Piston rear chamber trachea pipe joint adapter hole; 32. Piston front chamber trachea pipe joint adapter hole; 33. Piston rear chamber; 34. Piston front chamber;

[0046] 4. Fixed body of related machines: 41. Threaded adapter hole for air pipe joint in piston rear chamber; 42. Threaded adapter hole for air pipe joint in piston front chamber; 43. Fluid channel in piston front chamber; 44. Piston hole; 45. Piston rear chamber; 46. Piston front chamber; 5. Two-position four-way reversing valve; 6. Return spring; 7. Multi-position fixed body; 71. Threaded adapter hole for oil pipe joint; 72. Piston rear chamber; 73. Air breathing hole; 74. Liquid flow channel; 75. Piston front chamber; 8. Two-position reversing valve; 9. Workpiece. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0047] The technical solution of the present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0048] See also Figure 3 A pneumatic and hydraulic universal piston-plunger series actuation module is shown, and the basic components of the actuation module include an actuation element 1 and a through-hole interface element 2. The actuation element 1 includes a plunger 11, an intermediate rod 13 and a piston 15 connected in sequence from front to back, and the diameters of the piston 15 and the plunger 11 are both larger than the rod diameter of the intermediate rod 11; the through-hole interface element 2 has at least a plunger hole 21 and an intermediate rod hole 22, the plunger 11 is slidably sealed with the plunger hole 21 through the plunger sealing ring 12, and the intermediate rod 13 passes through the intermediate rod hole 22 and is slidably sealed with the intermediate rod sealing ring 14, so that a plunger actuation chamber 23 is formed between the through-hole interface element 2, the rear part of the plunger 11 and the intermediate rod 13. A piston sealing ring 16 is provided on the outer peripheral part of the piston 15 to form a sliding sealing connection between the components to be connected, and the components to be connected and the through-hole interface element 2 can be fixedly connected by using a traditional threaded connection interface, a plate interface, or other interface forms.

[0049] Furthermore, the actuating element 1 is provided with an internal fluid passage 17 extending from the rear end of the piston 15 through the intermediate rod 13 to the plunger actuating chamber 23, so that the chamber at the rear side of the piston 15 is in fluid communication with the plunger actuating chamber 23. The actuating module can be used as a double-acting actuating module, or a return spring can be provided on the intermediate rod 13 between the front of the piston 15 and the through-hole interface element 2 to form a single-acting actuating module.

[0050] Figure 4The figure shows a modular pneumatic cylinder with the above-mentioned piston-plunger series actuation module, which also includes a piston cylinder body 3 with a piston hole, the rear end of the through-hole interface element 2 is fixedly connected to the front end of the piston hole, and the piston 15 and the piston hole are slidably and sealedly matched through a piston sealing ring 16. The piston 15 divides the piston hole into a mutually independent piston front chamber 34 and a piston rear chamber 33, and the piston rear chamber 33 is connected to the plunger actuation chamber 23 through an internal fluid channel 17. Two pipe joint adapter holes are provided on the piston cylinder body 3, which are respectively connected to the piston front chamber 34 and the piston rear chamber 33, namely, the piston front chamber air pipe joint adapter hole 32 and the piston rear chamber air pipe joint adapter hole 31. In this way, a modular double-acting piston-plunger series cylinder is formed, and the cylinder is controlled by a two-position four-way reversing valve 5.

[0051] Figure 4 The figure shows the working stroke, the two-position four-way reversing valve 5 works in the left position, and the pressurized gas enters the piston rear cavity 33 through the piston rear cavity air pipe joint adapter hole 31, and further enters the plunger cavity 23 through the internal fluid channel 17. At this time, the piston front cavity 34 is connected to the two-position four-way reversing valve 5 and the atmosphere through the piston front cavity air pipe joint adapter hole 32.

[0052] Assume D is the piston diameter, d is the center rod diameter, and P is the system pressure. Then the thrust on piston 15 is πD 活塞 2 P / 4, the thrust on the plunger end 11 is π(D 柱塞 2 -d 2 )P / 4. Therefore, the output thrust of the plunger end 11 is F 推 =D 活塞 2 P / 4+π(D 柱塞 2 -d 2 )P / 4. Under the action of this thrust, the piston 15-intermediate rod 13-plunger end 11 move rightward together, and the plunger end 11 outputs thrust to do work.

[0053] Assume D 活塞 =D 柱塞 =D, then F 推 =πD 2 P / 2-πd 2 P / 4, ratio Figure 1 The output thrust of the existing double-cylinder double-piston double-acting two-stage series cylinder is slightly smaller, with a difference of πd 2 P / 4, but πd 2 The value of P / 4 is relatively small. For example, if D=100mm, d=30mm, and P=0.6MPa, Figure 1 The output thrust of the existing double-cylinder double-piston double-acting two-stage series cylinder is πD 2P / 2=π×100 2 ×0.6 / 2=9425(N), and Figure 4 The output thrust of the modular double-acting piston-plunger tandem cylinder of the present invention is F 推 =πD 2 P / 2-πd 2 P / 4=π×100 2 ×0.6 / 2-π×30 2 ×0.6 / 4=9425-424=9001(N), yes Figure 1 The output thrust of the existing double-cylinder double-piston double-acting two-stage series cylinder is 95.5%. 2 The P / 4 value is only 424N, which is an order of magnitude lower than the piston thrust.

[0054] When the two-position four-way reversing valve 5 is switched to the right position for operation, the pressurized gas enters the piston front cavity 34 through the piston front cavity air pipe joint adapter hole 32, pulling the piston 15-intermediate rod 13-plunger end 11 to move to the left together, which is the return stroke.

[0055] and Figure 1 Compared with the existing double-cylinder double-piston double-acting two-stage series cylinder, Figure 4 The modular double-acting piston-plunger tandem cylinder of the present invention has the following extremely obvious technical and economic index advantages:

[0056] (1) Figure 1 The existing double-cylinder double-piston double-acting two-stage tandem cylinder shown has a total of four chambers, namely, the rear piston rear chamber, the rear piston front chamber, the front piston rear chamber and the front piston front chamber, and four pipe joint threaded adapter holes, while the modular double-acting piston-plunger tandem cylinder of the present invention has only three chambers, namely, the piston rear chamber, the piston front chamber and the plunger chamber, and only two pipe joint threaded adapter holes. The modular tandem cylinder of the present invention not only has a simple structure and greatly reduces the manufacturing cost, but also has an extremely simple external pipeline, requiring only two inlet and exhaust pipes, while the existing tandem cylinder requires four inlet and exhaust pipes, and inevitably requires the addition of external three-way joints and other accessories. The overall manufacturing cost is greatly reduced, and installation and adjustment are easy;

[0057] (2) Since one cavity is reduced, it not only saves energy, but also has a small axial size, a simple and compact structure, and a small overall volume. The reduction in size and volume is particularly obvious through comparison;

[0058] (3) The force output is the large diameter plunger end, with a diameter equivalent to Figure 1 The piston diameter of the existing double-cylinder double-piston double-acting two-stage tandem cylinder shown in the figure has been greatly improved in rigidity;

[0059] (4) As the core part of the pneumatic and hydraulic universal double-acting piston-plunger series actuation module, since it is commonly used in pneumatic and hydraulic, the piston rear cavity air pipe joint adapter hole 31 and the piston front cavity air pipe joint adapter hole 32 on the piston cylinder body 3 are changed to the oil pipe joint threaded adapter hole, then Figure 4 It becomes a modular double-acting piston-plunger tandem hydraulic cylinder, but its core actuation module has not changed. Therefore, the production batch of the actuation module will be greatly increased, and the manufacturing cost will naturally be reduced accordingly, which can better meet the requirements of modern manufacturing industry for fluid transmission components to be universal, flexible, modular, large-scale, low-cost, and personalized.

[0060] Figure 4 The modular double-acting piston-plunger tandem cylinder of the present invention is still a fully functional cylinder and needs to be installed on the fixed body of the relevant machine to work. Installing a fully functional cylinder on the fixed body of the relevant machine will inevitably cause the disadvantages of occupying a large space and redundant functions. Figure 4 The piston hole, piston rear cavity pipe joint adapter hole 31 and piston front cavity pipe joint adapter hole 32 of the piston cylinder body 3 are directly designed on the fixed body of the relevant machine, which can undoubtedly greatly simplify the structure and reduce the volume.

[0061] Figure 5 The double-acting piston-plunger series actuation module of the present invention is directly installed on the fixed body 4 of the relevant machine to form a basic embodiment of a modular pneumatic transmission device. The fixed body 4 of the relevant machine is provided with a piston hole 44 and an interface located at the front end of the piston hole 44 for matching with the through-hole interface element 2. The rear end of the through-hole interface element 2 is docked and fixedly connected with the interface, and the piston 15 and the piston hole 44 are matched with a sliding seal pair. The piston 15 divides the piston hole 44 into a piston front cavity 46 and a piston rear cavity 45 that are independent of each other. Two pipe joint adapter holes that are connected to the piston front cavity 46 and the piston rear cavity 45 are also provided on the end of the fixed body 4, which are respectively a piston front cavity air pipe joint threaded adapter hole 42 and a piston rear cavity air pipe joint threaded adapter hole 41. Among them, a piston front cavity fluid channel 43 is also provided on the fixed body 4 to connect the piston front cavity 46 with the piston front cavity air pipe joint threaded adapter hole 42. During installation, the actuation module is fixedly installed on the fixed body 4 with the piston hole 44 as a radial reference.

[0062] Ginseng Figure 5As shown, during the working stroke, the two-position four-way reversing valve 5 works in the left position, and the pressurized gas enters the piston rear chamber 45 and the plunger chamber 23 of the actuating module through the piston rear chamber air pipe joint adapter hole 41, and the piston 15-intermediate rod 13-plunger 11 of the actuating element 2 moves to the right together, and the plunger end outputs thrust to do work. At this time, the piston front chamber 46 is connected to the atmosphere through the piston front chamber fluid channel 43, the piston front chamber air pipe joint adapter hole 42 and the two-position four-way reversing valve 5.

[0063] Figure 5 The modular double-acting piston-plunger tandem pneumatic transmission shown in FIG. Figure 4 Compared with the modular double-acting piston-plunger tandem cylinder shown in the figure, which is then installed on the fixed body 4 of the relevant machine to form a pneumatic transmission device, the fundamental difference is that Figure 4 The function of the piston cylinder body 3 of the modular double-acting piston-plunger tandem cylinder is transferred to the fixed body 4 of the relevant machine, thereby greatly simplifying the structure, reducing the volume and reducing the cost.

[0064] Obviously, if the piston rear cavity air pipe joint adapter hole 41 and the piston front cavity air pipe joint adapter hole 42 on the relevant machine fixed body 4 are changed to the oil pipe joint adapter hole, then Figure 5 The double-acting piston-plunger tandem modular pneumatic transmission device shown is transformed into a hydraulic transmission device, while the pneumatic-hydraulic universal double-acting piston-plunger tandem actuation module remains unchanged.

[0065] In addition, it is not difficult to see that Figure 5 The double-acting piston-plunger series modular pneumatic transmission device shown is not only extremely simple to transform into a hydraulic transmission device, but also the design of the position and direction of the threaded adapter hole 41 of the piston rear cavity air pipe joint and the threaded adapter hole 42 of the piston front cavity air pipe joint can be extremely flexible, providing great convenience to users.

[0066] Figure 6 Shown is for Figure 3 On the basis of the pneumatic hydraulic universal piston-plunger series actuation module shown, a return spring is sleeved on the middle rod 13 between the front of the piston 15 and the through-hole interface element 2. After forming a single-acting actuation module, it is combined with a four-position fixed body 7 to form an embodiment of a modular four-position equalizing pressure linkage fluid transmission device. Hydraulic transmission is used in this embodiment.

[0067] Specifically, the four-position fixed body 7 is provided with four piston holes, and an interface for matching with the through-hole interface element 2 at the front end of the piston hole. The rear end of the through-hole interface element 2 is docked and fixedly connected with the interface on the four-position fixed body 7, and the piston 15 is slidingly and sealingly matched with the corresponding piston hole. The piston 15 divides the piston hole into a piston rear cavity 72 and a piston front cavity 75 which are independent of each other. A return spring 6 is arranged in the piston front cavity 75. The return spring 6 is sleeved on the intermediate rod 13 and its two ends are respectively blocked between the piston 15 and the through-hole interface element 2. The four-position fixed body 7 is also provided with a pipe joint threaded adapter hole 71 adapted to the pipe joint of the fluid inlet and outlet pipeline, and a liquid flow channel 74 connecting the pipe joint threaded adapter hole 71 and all piston rear cavities 72. The four-position fixed body 7 is also provided with an air breathing hole 73 connected with each piston front cavity 75.

[0068] The four-position pressure-equalizing linkage fluid transmission device is controlled by a two-position reversing valve 8. When the two-position reversing valve 8 works in the left position as shown in the figure, the pressure liquid passes through the oil pipe joint threaded adapter hole 71 on the four-position fixed body 7 and the internal liquid flow channel 74, and enters the four piston rear chambers 72 of the four-position fixed body 7 at the same time, pushing the piston 15-intermediate rod 13-plunger 11 of each actuating module forward together (i.e. Figure 6 The piston moves downward (in the middle) and the plunger end clamps each workpiece 9 with uniform pressure. During the movement, the air in each piston front chamber 75 is discharged to the atmosphere through the air breathing hole 73.

[0069] When the two-position reversing valve 8 is switched to the right position, each piston rear cavity 72 is connected to the oil tank through the threaded adapter hole 71 of the oil pipe joint, and the pneumatic and hydraulic universal actuating module, under the action of the return spring 6, the piston 15, the intermediate rod 13, the plunger 11, etc. of each pneumatic and hydraulic universal actuating module, moves backward (i.e. Figure 6 The piston moves upward in the middle to return to the original position, and each piston end releases the workpiece 9.

[0070] Figure 6 The four-position pressure-equalizing linkage fluid transmission device shown in FIG. Figure 2 The existing 4-cylinder linkage pressure-equalizing hydraulic transmission device shown has exactly the same technical functions, but has the following significant advantages:

[0071] (1) Replacing the multi-cylinder linkage pressure-equalizing fluid transmission device with a multi-position module pressure-equalizing linkage fluid transmission device is an innovation in technical concepts, which completely subverts the existing technical concept of multi-cylinder linkage pressure-equalizing. Replacing the multi-cylinder linkage pressure-equalizing with a single-acting piston-plunger series module multi-position linkage pressure-equalizing significantly improves the technical and economic indicators;

[0072] (2) There is no rear end cover of the threaded cylinder and the threaded adapter hole of the pipe joint on the rear end cover, which completely eliminates the functional redundancy of the threaded cylinder, significantly reduces the longitudinal dimension, and reduces the manufacturing cost accordingly;

[0073] (3) Under the conditions of the same system pressure and the same piston and plunger diameter, the output force of the piston-plunger series actuator module is Figure 2 The piston shown in the figure is nearly twice as large as the piston shown in the figure, and the diameter can be reduced by 40%. Figure 6 The overall lateral dimensions of the multi-position module linkage pressure-equalizing hydraulic transmission device shown are relatively Figure 2 The existing multi-cylinder linkage pressure-equalizing hydraulic transmission device shown has a very obvious reduction;

[0074] (4) The force output is the large-diameter plunger end of the actuating module, which has much higher rigidity than the small-diameter piston rod of the existing piston cylinder;

[0075] (5) After the oil pipe joint threaded adapter hole 7 is changed to the air pipe joint threaded adapter hole, it becomes a 4-position module pressure-equalizing linkage pneumatic transmission device, while the pneumatic hydraulic double-acting universal piston-plunger series actuation module does not need to be changed;

[0076] (6) The actuation module can be used in other occasions, with large production batches and low manufacturing costs.

[0077] It should be pointed out in particular that Figure 6 The example shown is a 4-position module linkage pressure-equalizing fluid transmission device arranged in a straight line, but is not limited thereto. A 2-position or more multi-position linkage pressure-equalizing fluid transmission device and a folded-line multi-position linkage pressure-equalizing fluid transmission device can be designed as required.

[0078] In summary, the pneumatic hydraulic universal piston-plunger tandem actuation module and the modular cylinder and device having the same of the present invention significantly improve the technical and economic indicators of the existing double-cylinder double-piston double-acting two-stage tandem cylinder and multi-cylinder linkage equalizing pressure transmission device, and achieve key technical innovations in the following aspects:

[0079] (1) The innovatively designed pneumatic and hydraulic universal piston-plunger tandem actuation module is not restricted by the different standards for fitting threaded holes of hydraulic and pneumatic cylinders. It can be used in hydraulic and pneumatic transmission components and devices, and can avoid the problem of repeated setting of fitting threaded holes that results in increased size and volume.

[0080] (2) The cylinder hydraulic cylinder based on the pneumatic hydraulic universal piston-plunger tandem actuation module has only three actuation chambers, which is one less actuation chamber than the existing double-cylinder double-piston double-acting two-stage tandem cylinder. It achieves structural simplification on the basis of energy saving and significantly reduces the lateral size;

[0081] (3) The innovatively designed modular fluid transmission device based on the pneumatic and hydraulic universal piston-plunger series actuation module, especially the new concept of multi-position module pressure-balanced linkage fluid transmission device, completely subverts the existing technical concept of multi-cylinder pressure-balanced linkage, and replaces the multi-cylinder pressure-balanced linkage with the multi-position module pressure-balanced linkage, which significantly improves the technical and economic indicators;

[0082] (4) The force output is the large-diameter plunger end of the actuating module, which has much higher rigidity than the small-diameter piston rod of the existing piston cylinder;

[0083] (5) The pneumatic and hydraulic universal piston-plunger tandem actuation module is widely used and can better meet the requirements of modern manufacturing industry for fluid transmission components such as green, modular, integrated, large-scale, low-cost, and personalized customization.

[0084] The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical concept and features of the present invention, and their purpose is to enable people familiar with the technology to understand the content of the present invention and implement it accordingly, and they cannot be used to limit the protection scope of the present invention. Any equivalent changes or modifications made according to the spirit of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A modular multi-position pressure-equalizing linkage fluid transmission device, characterized in that: The pressure-equalizing linkage fluid transmission device comprises a multi-position fixed body and a plurality of pneumatic and hydraulic universal piston-plunger series actuation modules. The basic components of the pneumatic and hydraulic universal piston-plunger series actuation module include an actuating element and a through-hole interface element. The actuating element includes a plunger, an intermediate rod and a piston connected in sequence from front to back. The diameters of the piston and the plunger are both larger than the rod diameter of the intermediate rod. The through-hole interface element has at least a plunger hole and an intermediate rod hole. The plunger and the plunger hole are slidably sealed. The intermediate rod passes through the intermediate rod hole and slidably seals with it, so that a plunger actuation chamber is formed between the through-hole interface element, the rear of the plunger and the intermediate rod. The multi-position fixed body is provided with a plurality of piston holes and an interface located at the front end of the piston hole for mating with the through hole interface element. The rear end of the through hole interface element is docked with and fixedly connected to the interface. The piston and the piston hole are slidably and sealedly matched. The piston separates the piston hole into a piston rear chamber and a piston front chamber which are independent of each other. A return spring is also arranged in the piston front chamber. The return spring is sleeved on the intermediate rod and its two ends are respectively abutted between the piston and the through hole interface element. The multi-position fixed body is also provided with an air breathing hole connected to each of the front cavities of the pistons; the actuating element is provided with an internal fluid channel extending from the rear end of the piston through the intermediate rod to the plunger actuating chamber, and the piston rear chamber is connected to the plunger actuating chamber by liquid flow through the internal fluid channel.

2. The modular multi-position pressure-balanced linkage fluid transmission device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The multi-position fixed body is also provided with a pipe joint threaded adapting hole adapted to the pipe joint of the fluid inlet and outlet pipelines, and a liquid flow channel connecting the pipe joint threaded adapting hole and all the piston rear cavities.

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