A sleeper with vibration reduction and energy harvesting characteristics

Abstract

The present invention discloses a sleeper with vibration reduction and energy collection characteristics, including a sleeper body and a vibration reduction and energy collection component arranged in the sleeper body, the vibration reduction and energy collection component including a steel box and a steel pipe, a mass block, a spring, a damper and a piezoelectric unit arranged in the steel box; the steel pipe is arranged vertically, and its upper and lower ends are rigidly connected to the top plate and the bottom plate of the steel box respectively; the mass block is slidably connected to the steel pipe, the upper end of the spring is rigidly connected to the lower surface of the mass block, and the lower end of the spring is rigidly connected to the bottom plate of the steel box; two dampers are symmetrically provided, the upper end of the damper is rigidly connected to the lower surface of the mass block, and the lower end of the damper is rigidly connected to the bottom plate of the steel box; the piezoelectric unit is arranged on the upper surface of the mass block and is electrically connected to the rectifier outside the sleeper. The present invention can not only realize the control of the vibration transmitted to the sleeper, so that the vibration transmitted to the roadbed is well attenuated, but also realize the recovery and utilization of vibration energy.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of rail transportation, and more specifically, relates to a sleeper with vibration reduction and energy collection characteristics. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of rail transit in my country, the vibration and noise problems induced by trains are becoming more and more prominent. When the train runs at a high speed, it will induce a lot of vibration and noise on the track. At the same time, the track vibration will react on the vehicle, causing the vehicle to vibrate. Vibration is the source of noise, and reducing structural vibration can achieve the purpose of reducing noise.

[0003] The current track structure vibration reduction technologies include sleepers, vibration-damping fasteners and vibration-damping ballast pads. Their working mechanism mainly revolves around changing the stiffness of the track structure to achieve the vibration reduction effect. However, these devices are expensive or may aggravate the vibration of the vehicle body, so a new type of track vibration reduction structure needs to be proposed. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the current situation in which the vibration transmitted to the sleepers during the movement of trains in the existing track system is relatively strong, the present invention provides a sleeper with vibration reduction and energy collection characteristics, which can not only control the vibration transmitted to the sleepers and effectively attenuate the vibration transmitted to the roadbed, but also realize the recovery and utilization of vibration energy.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0006] A sleeper with vibration reduction and energy collection characteristics, comprising a sleeper body and a vibration reduction and energy collection component arranged in the sleeper body, the vibration reduction and energy collection component comprising a steel box chamber and a steel pipe, a mass block, a spring, a damper and a piezoelectric unit arranged in the steel box chamber; the steel pipe is arranged vertically, and its upper and lower ends are rigidly connected to the top plate and the bottom plate of the steel box chamber respectively; the mass block is slidably connected to the steel pipe, the upper end of the spring is rigidly connected to the lower surface of the mass block, and the lower end of the spring is rigidly connected to the bottom plate of the steel box chamber; the upper end of the damper is rigidly connected to the lower surface of the mass block, and the lower end of the damper is rigidly connected to the bottom plate of the steel box chamber; the piezoelectric unit is arranged on the upper surface of the mass block and is electrically connected to a rectifier outside the sleeper.

[0007] As a preferred solution of the present invention, the vibration-damping and energy-collecting components are provided in multiple groups and are arranged at equal intervals along the length direction of the sleeper body.

[0008] As a preferred solution of the present invention, the piezoelectric unit includes pole plates located at the upper and lower sides and a piezoelectric material plate located in the middle, and the pole plates are electrically connected to the rectifier outside the sleeper.

[0009] As a preferred solution of the present invention, the piezoelectric material plate is made of a material with a high piezoelectric coefficient.

[0010] As a preferred solution of the present invention, two dampers are provided, and the two dampers are symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of the spring.

[0011] As a preferred solution of the present invention, the damper is a magnetorheological damper.

[0012] As a preferred solution of the present invention, a guide hole is provided at the center of the mass block, and the guide hole is slidably connected to the steel pipe.

[0013] As a preferred solution of the present invention, the spring is sleeved on the steel pipe.

[0014] As a preferred solution of the present invention, the mass block is made of high-density metal material.

[0015] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a plurality of prestressed steel bars are provided in the sleeper body, and the plurality of prestressed steel bars extend linearly through the entire sleeper body with the length direction of the sleeper body as a straight line, and are arranged around the outside of the steel box chamber, and the plurality of prestressed steel bars are connected by stirrups to form a whole.

[0016] The sleeper with vibration reduction and energy collection characteristics provided by the present invention has the following beneficial effects compared with the prior art:

[0017] The present invention increases the damping of the sleeper when it vibrates by arranging a vibration-damping energy-collecting component in the sleeper body, which can effectively consume the vibration energy transmitted to the sleeper by the rail, thereby well attenuating the vibration transmitted to the roadbed; at the same time, through the arrangement of the piezoelectric unit, the conversion of vibration energy into electrical energy can be realized, and the electrical energy is stored after being processed by the rectifier and used for lighting and other facilities along the railway; and because vibration has the characteristics of fast attenuation of high frequencies and slow attenuation of low frequencies, the sleeper can effectively absorb vibrations of lower frequencies of 0-200Hz; in addition, the sleeper integrates the vibration-damping energy-collecting components into one, and its structure has the characteristics of simple structure and good durability. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the embodiment of the present invention, the drawings of the embodiment are briefly introduced below.

[0019] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a sleeper with vibration reduction and energy collection characteristics provided by the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the vibration reduction and energy collection component;

[0021] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a piezoelectric unit;

[0022] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the connection between prestressed steel bars and stirrups.

[0023] Markings in the figure: 1. sleeper body, 2. vibration reduction and energy collection component, 3. steel box, 4. steel pipe, 5. mass block, 6. spring, 7. damper, 8. piezoelectric unit, 81. electrode plate, 82. piezoelectric material plate, 9. rectifier, 10. prestressed steel bar, 11. stirrups. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0025] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, a preferred embodiment of the present invention is a sleeper with vibration reduction and energy collection characteristics, which includes a sleeper body 1 and a vibration reduction and energy collection component 2 arranged in the sleeper body 1, the vibration reduction and energy collection component 2 includes a steel box chamber 3 and a steel pipe 4, a mass block 5, a spring 6, a damper 7 and a piezoelectric unit 8 arranged in the steel box chamber 3; the steel pipe 4 is arranged vertically, and its upper and lower ends are rigidly connected to the top plate and the bottom plate of the steel box chamber 3 respectively; the mass block 5 is slidably connected to the steel pipe 4, the upper end of the spring 6 is rigidly connected to the lower surface of the mass block 5, and the lower end of the spring 6 is rigidly connected to the bottom plate of the steel box chamber 3; the upper end of the damper 7 is rigidly connected to the lower surface of the mass block 5, and the lower end of the damper 7 is rigidly connected to the bottom plate of the steel box chamber 3; the piezoelectric unit 8 is arranged on the upper surface of the mass block 5 and is electrically connected to the rectifier 9 outside the sleeper. Among them, the steel pipe 4 can serve as a vertical vibration guide structure for the mass block 5 on the one hand, and can improve the vertical stiffness of the steel box 3 on the other hand to compensate for the reduction in stiffness caused by the lack of concrete in this part; when the train passes, the spring 6 provides the restoring force for the mass block 5 to vibrate up and down, and when it is stationary, the spring 6 supports the weight of the mass block 5; the damper 7 can increase the damping of the mass block 5 when it resonates; the piezoelectric unit 8 can convert vibration energy into electrical energy. Therefore, when the vehicle-induced vibration is transmitted to the sleeper, the vibration of the sleeper will drive the vibration of its built-in vibration reduction and energy collection component 2, and when the mass block 5 is displaced up and down along the steel pipe 4 under the action of the spring 6, part of the vibration energy will be consumed in the damper 7, and part of the vibration energy will be introduced into the piezoelectric unit 8 to realize the conversion of vibration energy into electrical energy.

[0026] It can be seen that the sleeper provided according to the embodiment of the present invention, by arranging a vibration-damping and energy-collecting component 2 in the sleeper body 1, is equivalent to increasing the damping of the sleeper when it vibrates, and can effectively consume the vibration energy transmitted to the sleeper by the rail, thereby making the vibration transmitted to the roadbed be well attenuated; at the same time, it can realize the conversion of vibration energy into electrical energy, and the electrical energy is stored after being processed by the rectifier 9 and used for lighting and other facilities along the railway; and because vibration has the characteristics of fast attenuation of high frequency and slow attenuation of low frequency, the sleeper can effectively absorb vibration of lower frequency of 0-200Hz; in addition, the sleeper integrates the vibration-damping and energy-collecting component 2 into one, and its structure has the characteristics of simple structure and good durability.

[0027] Exemplarily, in order to better absorb the vibration energy of the entire sleeper, the vibration-damping and energy-collecting components 2 are provided in multiple groups and are arranged at equal intervals along the length direction of the sleeper body 1 .

[0028] For example, Figure 3 As shown, the piezoelectric unit 8 includes pole plates 81 located at the upper and lower sides and a piezoelectric material plate 82 located in the middle, and the pole plates 81 are electrically connected to the rectifier 9 outside the sleeper. Therefore, the piezoelectric material plate 82 will deform along the vibration direction when resonating with the mass block 5. Under the action of deformation, the piezoelectric material plate 82 causes the pole plates 81 on both sides to generate equal and opposite charges, realizing the conversion of mechanical energy into electrical energy, which is then processed by the rectifier 9 and stored.

[0029] Exemplarily, the piezoelectric material plate 82 is made of a high-voltage electric coefficient material, and the high-voltage electric coefficient material is preferably piezoelectric ceramics or quartz crystal.

[0030] Exemplarily, a guide hole is provided at the center of the mass block 5, the guide hole is slidably connected to the steel pipe 4, the spring 6 is sleeved on the steel pipe 4, and two dampers 7 are provided, and the two dampers 7 are symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of the spring 6. Such a design can improve the stability of the mass block 5 moving up and down, and enable the spring 6 and the damper 7 to better absorb the vibration energy of the mass block 5.

[0031] Exemplarily, the damper 7 is preferably a magnetorheological damper so that the damping coefficient of the damper 7 can be adjusted.

[0032] Exemplarily, the mass block 5 is made of a high-density metal material, and the high-density metal material is preferably lead or iron, which is conducive to saving space.

[0033] For example, Figure 4As shown, in order to improve the structural strength of the sleeper body 1, a plurality of prestressed steel bars 10 are provided in the sleeper body 1. The plurality of prestressed steel bars 10 extend in a straight line along the length direction of the sleeper body 1 and penetrate the entire sleeper body 1, and are arranged around the outside of the steel box chamber 3. The plurality of prestressed steel bars 10 are connected by stirrups 11 to form a whole.

[0034] The above disclosure is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, which certainly cannot be used to limit the scope of rights of the present invention. Therefore, equivalent changes made according to the scope of the patent application of the present invention are still within the scope covered by the present invention.

Claims

1. A sleeper with vibration reduction and energy harvesting characteristics, characterized in that: It includes a sleeper body and a vibration-damping and energy-collecting component arranged in the sleeper body, the vibration-damping and energy-collecting component includes a steel box chamber and a steel pipe, a mass block, a spring, a damper and a piezoelectric unit arranged in the steel box chamber; the steel pipe is arranged vertically, and its upper and lower ends are rigidly connected to the top plate and the bottom plate of the steel box chamber respectively; the mass block is slidably connected to the steel pipe, the upper end of the spring is rigidly connected to the lower surface of the mass block, and the lower end of the spring is rigidly connected to the bottom plate of the steel box chamber; the upper end of the damper is rigidly connected to the lower surface of the mass block, and the lower end of the damper is rigidly connected to the bottom plate of the steel box chamber; the piezoelectric unit is arranged on the upper surface of the mass block and is electrically connected to the rectifier outside the sleeper; a guide hole is provided at the center of the mass block, and the guide hole is slidably connected to the steel pipe; the spring is sleeved on the steel pipe.

2. The sleeper with vibration reduction and energy harvesting characteristics as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The vibration reduction and energy collection components are provided in multiple groups and are arranged at equal intervals along the length direction of the sleeper body.

3. The sleeper with vibration reduction and energy harvesting characteristics as claimed in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The piezoelectric unit comprises pole plates located at the upper and lower sides and a piezoelectric material plate located in the middle, and the pole plates are electrically connected to the rectifier outside the sleeper.

4. The sleeper with vibration reduction and energy harvesting characteristics as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: The piezoelectric material plate is made of a material with a high piezoelectric coefficient.

5. The sleeper with vibration reduction and energy harvesting characteristics as claimed in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The dampers are provided with two, and the two dampers are symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of the spring.

6. The sleeper with vibration reduction and energy harvesting characteristics as claimed in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The damper is a magnetorheological damper.

7. The sleeper with vibration reduction and energy harvesting characteristics as claimed in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The mass block is made of high-density metal material.

8. The sleeper with vibration reduction and energy harvesting characteristics as claimed in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: A plurality of prestressed steel bars are arranged in the sleeper body, and the plurality of prestressed steel bars extend straightly through the entire sleeper body with the length direction of the sleeper body as a linear extension direction, and are arranged around the outside of the steel box chamber, and the plurality of prestressed steel bars are connected by stirrups to form a whole.

Images