Demodulation Reference Signaling in LTE / NR Coexistence

Abstract

A method of operating a network node (100) is disclosed, the network node (100) operating according to a first radio access technology (RAT), the method comprising: sending signaling including communication signaling and demodulation reference signaling (DMRS) in a transmission resource pattern, wherein the DMRS is arranged in the transmission resource pattern according to a DMRS pattern, and the DMRS pattern is selected from a DMRS pattern set based on a coexistence indication indicating the presence of a cell-specific reference signal (CRS) associated with a second RAT. The present disclosure also relates to related methods and devices.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure relates to wireless communication techniques, particularly in the context of coexistence of radio access of different technologies. Background Art

[0002] Some radio access technologies, such as LTE and NR, will operate in the same frequency range, requiring methods to allow coexistence, for example so that undesirable interference is limited for overlapping or coordinated cells or transmissions. Summary of the invention

[0003] One object of the present disclosure is to provide a method that facilitates the coexistence of different RATs, in particular in the context of reference signals, while having little signaling overhead and / or allowing efficient use of available resources.

[0004] The methods are particularly advantageously implemented in a fifth generation (5G) telecommunication network or 5G radio access technology or network (RAT / RAN), in particular according to 3GPP (3rd Generation Partnership Project, a standardization organization). In particular, a suitable RAN may be a RAN according to NR (e.g. Release 15 or higher) or LTE evolution.

[0005] A method of operating a network node is disclosed, the network node operating according to a first radio access technology (RAT). The method includes: sending signaling including communication signaling and demodulation reference signaling (DMRS) in a transmission resource pattern. The DMRS is arranged in the transmission resource pattern according to a DMRS pattern, and the DMRS pattern is selected from a set of DMRS patterns based on a coexistence indication indicating the presence of a cell-specific reference signal (CRS) associated with a second RAT.

[0006] A network node is also disclosed, adapted to operate according to a first radio access technology RAT. The network node is adapted to: send signaling including communication signaling and demodulation reference signaling DMRS in a transmission resource pattern. The DMRS is arranged in the transmission resource pattern according to a DMRS pattern, and the DMRS pattern is selected from a DMRS pattern set based on a coexistence indication indicating the presence of a cell-specific reference signal CRS associated with a second RAT. The network node may include and / or be adapted to utilize processing circuits and / or radio circuits, in particular transmitters and / or transceivers and / or receivers, for sending signaling and / or selecting a pattern such as a DMRS pattern, and / or for receiving signaling and / or one or more indications, such as a coexistence indication and / or a capability indication.

[0007] Furthermore, a method of operating a user equipment UE is described. The user equipment operates according to a first radio access technology RAT. The method comprises: receiving signaling including communication signaling and demodulation reference signaling DMRS based on a transmission resource pattern. Receiving the signaling comprises: associating the signaling received based on the transmission resource pattern with a DMRS based on a DMRS pattern, wherein the DMRS pattern is selected from a DMRS pattern set based on a coordination indication indicating the presence of a cell-specific reference signal CRS associated with a second RAT.

[0008] A user equipment is also considered, adapted to operate according to a first radio access technology RAT. The user equipment is adapted to: based on a transmission resource pattern, receive signaling including communication signaling and demodulation reference signaling DMRS, wherein the receiving includes: associating the signaling received based on the transmission resource pattern with a DMRS based on a DMRS pattern, wherein the DMRS pattern is selected from a DMRS pattern set based on a coordination indication indicating the presence of a cell-specific reference signal CRS associated with a second RAT. The user equipment may include and / or be adapted to utilize processing circuits and / or radio circuits, in particular a transceiver and / or a receiver, for receiving the signaling and / or associating the DMRS pattern and / or selecting the DMRS pattern.

[0009] The method described herein facilitates efficient use of time / frequency resources in coexisting RANs while being able to avoid overlap of important reference signals. In particular, for LTE / NR coexistence, although the normal NR DMRS pattern specifies overlap of long PDSCH signaling, communication signaling (such as PDSCH) that extends all the way to the last symbol in a slot can be used without DMRS and CRS interference.

[0010] The selection of a mode by a network node or a UE may typically include, for example, determining the mode to be selected according to an indication or instruction or independently. Receiving may include demodulating and / or decoding the signaling, for example, decoding and / or demodulating the communication signaling based on the DMRS in particular. The transmission resource structure may be scheduled by the network node for transmission, and / or the network node may indicate to the user equipment, for example, to schedule the transmission (dynamically) using a scheduling allocation and / or a DCI and / or a PDCCH transmission, and / or to schedule the transmission semi-statically, and / or to schedule the transmission using high-level signaling (e.g., using an RRC configuration). In general, the transmission resource structure may represent, for example, (specific) scheduling signaling for a specific time slot or a time slot aggregation. It should be noted that the selected DMRS mode affects the demodulation process of the associated communication signaling, in particular with respect to the interpolation or extrapolation of the communication signaling in one or more adjacent symbols, wherein the communication signaling follows the last symbol associated with the DMRS. In general, symbols carrying DMRS or intended to or scheduled or configured to carry DMRS may be regarded as symbols associated with the DMRS.

[0011] It can be considered that the first RAT corresponds to the new radio NR technology, and the second RAT corresponds to the long-term evolution LTE technology. The DMRS and CRS may overlap or partially overlap in frequency space. The DMRS pattern may separate the DMRS and CRS in the time domain, for example, being sent or transmittable at different time symbol intervals. The time slot may be a time slot according to the NR RAT.

[0012] The DMRS pattern may be selected based on a capability indication indicating the ability of the user equipment to select a DMRS pattern based on a coordination indication. The capability indication may, for example, explicitly indicate a capability and / or implicitly indicate a capability, for example indicating a category or type of UE, and / or a manufacturer (in particular a manufacturer of radio circuits such as baseband chips), and / or a series or time of manufacture. The network node may be adapted to check the capability indication against a list of capable UEs to determine whether the UE is capable based on the capability indication. The list may be provided in a memory or storage medium accessible to the network node and / or a processing circuit of the network node.

[0013] The signaling (e.g., the communication signaling and / or DMRS) may be embedded in and / or carried by the transmission resource structure, e.g., such that a resource element of the resource structure carries the signaling, e.g., a modulation symbol of the signaling. The signaling may generally be sent using and / or according to the first RAT.

[0014] The communication signaling may be and / or include data signaling and / or physical downlink shared channel PDSCH signaling. In some cases, the communication signaling may include and / or be control signaling, such as PDCCH signaling.

[0015] In some cases, the transmission resource structure may have an end symbol (the last symbol or symbol time interval of the structure in the time domain), which may be arranged in a symbol before the end symbol of a time slot, or may coincide with and / or correspond to the end symbol of a time slot, for example, time slot 13 or 6 (counting symbols in a time slot starts from 0).

[0016] The transmission resource structure may be embedded in a time slot (e.g., scheduled for transmission in a time slot), and / or represent a time slot or a portion of a time slot. The transmission resource structure may generally represent a time slot or a portion of a time slot, such as a plurality of consecutive symbol time intervals of a time slot. The transmission resource structure may be mapped to a time slot such that symbols of the transmission resource structure coincide with and / or correspond to symbols of the time slot.

[0017] It can be considered that the transmission resource structure can be scheduled to end in the last symbol of the time slot and / or include the last symbol of the time slot, wherein the last symbol is, for example, symbol 13, and / or the transmission resource structure includes long communication signaling and / or long physical downlink shared channel PDSCH transmission, and the long communication signaling and / or long physical downlink shared channel PDSCH transmission can be scheduled to have a duration from symbol n of the time slot to symbol m of the time slot, wherein n can be in the range of 1 to 7 and / or correspond to a symbol in the first half of the symbols in the time slot, and / or wherein m can be 12 or 13 and / or represent the last symbol or the second to last symbol of the time slot.

[0018] The coordination indication and / or the capability indication may be provided using high-layer signaling (e.g., MAC or RRC signaling and / or application layer signaling). In some cases, the coordination indication and / or the capability indication may be provided at random access, for example, using a first RRC configuration or reconfiguration. The capability indication may be provided using uplink signaling, and / or the coordination indication may be provided using downlink signaling.

[0019] The DMRS pattern set may include two or more patterns. Different patterns in the set may differ in at least one position in time or symbol carrying or intended to carry DMRS or associated with DMRS. Different DMRS patterns may indicate the same number of symbols carrying DMRS, or in some cases, may indicate different numbers of symbols carrying DMRS. The selected DMRS may be a pattern in which symbols carrying DMRS are shifted in time relative to symbols or time intervals carrying CRS of the second RAT. The DMRS pattern may involve a transmission resource structure having the same duration and / or extension in the time domain. For transmission resource structures having the same duration and / or extension in the time domain, selecting communication signaling may be considered equivalent to selecting a DMRS pattern because the communication mode may be linked to the corresponding DMRS pattern. For example, within a transmission resource structure, symbols not associated with DMRS may be associated with communication signaling, and vice versa. The selected DMRS pattern may be a pattern that does not include or blocks DMRS on symbol 11 of the timeslot in which the transmission resource structure is embedded, and / or indicates DMRS on symbols 10 and / or 12, in particular for the case in which the same parameter set is used between synchronized RATs. In general, the selected DMRS pattern may be a pattern that does not include or blocks DMRS signaling on one or more symbols corresponding to symbols of the second RAT carrying or intended to carry CRS, in particular blocks or does not include DMRS on symbols corresponding to or covering symbol 11 of a subframe of the second RAT. In particular, the DMRS patterns in the set may differ in the last symbol indicated as carrying DMRS (in the time domain relating to the transmission resource structure and / or in the timeslot in which the transmission resource structure is embedded). For example, the last symbol may be shifted by one symbol time interval or more than one symbol time interval between two different patterns. The last symbol indicated to carry DMRS according to the selected DMRS pattern may be considered to be one symbol time interval later or earlier (e.g., in terms of the symbol time interval of the second RAT) than in at least one other DMRS pattern in the set (e.g., a DMRS pattern to be used when coexistence is not indicated).

[0020] The network node may be considered as a radio node. Scheduling the transmission resource structure may include scheduling the structure for sending the signaling or corresponding data in a time slot. Sending data or signaling based on the transmission resource structure may include utilizing resource elements of the transmission resource structure to send associated signaling. The transmission may include encoding and / or modulation of data or reference information. The transmission of the signaling may be indicated to a (e.g., scheduled or configured or allocated) receiver (e.g., user equipment), in particular using control signaling (e.g., DCI signaling and / or scheduling allocation). Such an indication may be part of scheduling the transmission resource structure. The transmission resource structure may represent a time-frequency resource structure, which may include N1 subcarriers and M1 symbols (symbol time intervals), where M1 may be 13 or less, for example, between 10 and 13, which may be considered to be associated with long transmissions. Working according to the first RAT may include transmitting (e.g., sending and / or receiving) within a first frequency range, and / or working according to the second RAT may include transmitting on a second frequency range. The first range and the second range may at least partially overlap. The first frequency range may correspond to and / or be embedded in a carrier bandwidth or a bandwidth portion, which may be an active bandwidth portion. The second frequency range may be in particular a carrier bandwidth, or in some cases may be a portion of a carrier bandwidth. The RAT may be operated or operable in a downlink. The transmission resource structure may be scheduled for the first frequency range, and / or extended in a frequency domain within the first frequency range and / or the second frequency range. The transmission resource structure may include and / or represent a transmission on a physical channel (e.g., a shared channel such as a PDSCH). The DMRS may be associated with the communication signaling and / or data, for example, for demodulating and / or decoding a modulation symbol carrying the communication signaling or data. Symbols associated with different signaling or sets, such as reference signaling (e.g., DMRS and CRS), may be considered to be separate, provided that a symbol carrying one type of signaling does not simultaneously carry another type of signaling, wherein the type of signaling may be, for example, DMRS and CRS, or reference signaling associated with a first RAT and reference signaling associated with a second RAT, or communication signaling and DMRS. For the frequency domain, the separation may be similar in terms of subcarriers (rather than symbols). Operation on the first frequency range and the second frequency range may be according to the same parameter set, or according to different parameter sets. A transmission resource structure may be constructed according to a parameter set of the first RAT.

[0021] The coexistence indication may be received by the network node, for example, via a suitable interface, for example, from another network node and / or a core network. Alternatively or additionally, the coexistence indication may be determined by the network node, for example, based on measurements of signaling typical for the second RAT and / or representative of the second RAT and / or read from a memory (for example, if the coexistence indication is preconfigured). The coordination indication may be received by the user equipment, for example, from a network node operable according to the first RAT and / or the second RAT. Alternatively or additionally, the coordination indication may be determined by the user equipment, for example, based on measurements of signaling typical for the second RAT and / or representative of the second RAT and / or read from a memory. In general, it may be assumed that the network node and / or the user equipment is aware of the operation according to the first RAT and the second RAT on a common frequency range. The operation according to the first RAT may enable resources not used for operation according to the second RAT to be utilized. A network node operating according to the first RAT may coordinate and / or exchange information with a network node operating according to the second RAT. It should be noted that such nodes may be physically the same device, or separate from each other. Data signaling may be represented by data transmission according to the transmission resource structure. Receiving data based on the transmission resource structure may take into account time delays due to path effects. The transmission resource structure to be received may be indicated to the user equipment, for example, using control signaling and / or DCI (which may in particular indicate the duration and / or end symbol of the transmission resource structure). The resource elements of the first set and / or the second set may be included in the transmission resource structure. The transmission resource structure may be associated with a time slot and / or included in a time slot. The transmission resource structure may be based on a time slot or represent a micro-time slot. The transmission resource structure may be extended over one or more symbols in the time domain, in particular it may be longer than 1, 2, 3 or 4 symbols in duration, and / or shorter than 10, 11, 12 or 13 symbols. The coexistence indication and / or the coordination indication may indicate the presence of the cell-specific reference signaling based on an indication of operation according to the second RAT, and / or based on explicitly indicating the signaling and / or indicating the location of the cell-specific reference signaling in time and / or frequency. The UE may obtain the capability information, for example, by reading from a memory and / or from pre-configured or installed information. In general, communication signaling may carry and / or represent data, which may be represented by modulated symbols of bits carrying the data. Coded bits may be associated with data and / or communication signaling. A resource element or subcarrier or symbol carrying a type of signaling (e.g., communication signaling or DMRS) may be a resource element or subcarrier or symbol that actually carries such signaling, or is intended to or scheduled to or assumed to carry such signaling.

[0022] The DMRS pattern may indicate which symbols (symbol time intervals) the DMRS is carried and / or arranged on in the time domain, for example, within the transmission resource structure and / or associated with the transmission resource structure and / or relative to the time slot in which the transmission resource structure is embedded. Communication signaling may be arranged in the transmission resource structure based on the communication mode, for example, in the time domain. Communication signaling may be separated from DMRS in the time domain, and / or the DMRS and the communication mode may be separated in the time domain. However, in some cases, some overlaps may be considered, for example, so that for one symbol time interval, some subcarriers carry communication signaling, while other subcarriers carry DMRS. Additionally, the DMRS pattern may involve the frequency domain, for example, indicating which subcarriers carry DMRS. The communication mode may also involve the frequency domain, for example, indicating which subcarriers carry communication signaling. The DMRS pattern may, for example, represent one or more combs in the frequency domain. The comb may generally represent the distribution of subcarriers, wherein N subcarriers not included in the (frequency domain) pattern and / or included in the (frequency domain) separation set of the pattern are arranged between the subcarriers of the pattern. N may be 0 or greater; in some cases, two or more combs with N1 or N2 may be combined to form a comb with a different N3, N3 being less than N1 and N2. In general, the elements of the DMRS pattern may be associated with one or more symbols of the transmission resource structure, for example forming a comb for each symbol, wherein the combs for different symbols may be the same or different. The pattern may be based on the length and / or position of the transmission resource structure, for example the position in a time slot. The length or duration of the structure may relate to the number of symbols it comprises, and the position may be relative to the symbols in the time slot. The first symbol or start symbol of the transmission resource structure may coincide with and / or be located at symbol S of the time slot, wherein S may in particular be greater than 2 or 3. The last symbol or end symbol of the structure may coincide with and / or be located at symbol E of the time slot, wherein E may in particular be 13. The time slot may be considered to have two additional symbols for different signaling, for example reference signaling according to the first RAT. Generally, a RAT may describe a communication standard, such as a signaling structure and / or protocol. Operations according to the first RAT and the second RAT may be synchronized, such as such that subframe boundaries or reference symbols of the second RAT coincide with slot boundaries or reference symbols of the first RAT.

[0023] In particular, the first RAT may correspond to a New Radio NR technology, and the second RAT may correspond to a Long Term Evolution LTE technology. In general, the cell-specific reference signaling may be a CRS (cell-specific reference signaling). The reference signaling may be according to a specific mode, for example, as specified and / or configured for operation according to the second RAT.

[0024] In general, the resource elements used for DMRS may be shifted in time, for example, relative to the position of the cell-specific reference symbol according to the DMRS pattern. It may generally be considered that the position of the DMRS in time, for example relative to the transmission resource structure and / or the time slot, may depend on the duration and / or the end symbol (respectively the end symbol position in the time slot). It may be considered that for different durations and / or end symbols (respectively the end symbol position), for example according to the first RAT, the position of the DM-RS in time and / or the pattern is different. Therefore, the use of the duration and / or the end symbol to schedule the transmission timing structure may define a suitable arrangement of the DM-RS in time. It may be considered to schedule the transmission resource structure so that among the multiple possible patterns for the second set and / or the positions of the resource elements of the second set, a pattern or position is selected that shifts the DM-RS in time relative to the position of the cell-specific reference signal according to the second RAT.

[0025] The DMRS pattern may be punctured in the frequency domain, for example, for one or more symbols. The punctured pattern may include, for one or more symbols, at least two subcarriers separated from each other by at least one subcarrier (punctured element) that does not belong to the pattern and / or is included in a second pattern separate from the pattern. The punctured elements may correspond to resource elements for which cell-specific reference signals according to the second RAT may be expected.

[0026] It can be considered that in the time slot in which the communication signaling or data is sent, there is a scheduled channel state information reference signal (e.g., CSI-RS) and / or other reference signals according to the first RAT, which are after the transmission resource structure and / or included at the end of the transmission resource structure. Such reference signals may, for example, include tracking reference signals and / or beam-related signals. Therefore, resources can be used efficiently. The scheduled signal can be sent and / or scheduled by the network node, and the network node can be adapted accordingly. The UE can be adapted and / or configured to receive and / or report the reference signal.

[0027] Furthermore, a program product comprising instructions adapted to cause a processing circuit to control and / or perform a method as described herein is contemplated. A carrier medium device carrying and / or storing a corresponding program product is suggested.

[0028] The coexistence indication may indicate that the network node is aware that operation may be performed according to the second RAT, for example in a common cell and / or sector and / or angle or space or geographical area. Operation may be such that resources are shared, for example such that in time and / or frequency, operation is according to only one RAT. The coordination indication may be similar for the UE.

[0029] The method described herein facilitates the negative impact of transmissions in the first RAT on the cell-specific reference signals of the second RAT, which is typically particularly important for operation according to the second RAT. Since the DMRS position typically has only limited flexibility, and in particular the temporal position of a DMRS signal in a transmission resource structure may, for example, depend on its duration and / or position within a time slot, the transmission timing structure may be selected such that the DM-RS is shifted in time relative to the cell-specific reference signals. Since data can be more flexibly allocated to resource elements or can be dropped with less important components, interference can be limited and / or avoided. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] The accompanying drawings are provided to illustrate the concepts and methods described herein and are not intended to limit their scope. The drawings include:

[0031] Figure 1 Possible transmissions in LTE / NR coexistence are shown;

[0032] Figure 2 An exemplary transmission resource structure for LTE / NR coexistence is shown;

[0033] Figure 3 An exemplary radio node implemented as a terminal or UE is shown; and

[0034] Figure 4 An exemplary radio node implemented as a network node is shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] The variations are described below in the context of NR / LTE coexistence, however, the methods may be implemented in different contexts.

[0036] Figure 1Possible transmissions for synchronous operation with LTE / NR coexistence are shown. The LTE timing structure refers to subframes and the NR timing refers to time slots. In this example, the parameter sets used are the same so that the NR symbols and symbol time intervals coincide with the LTE symbols and symbol time intervals and have the same duration. Other cases can be considered. The symbols in the time slot / subframe are numbered 0 to 13. LTE allows different CRS patterns depending on the CRS antenna port used. Symbols 1 and 8 can carry CRS for the configured 4 antenna ports. Currently, depending on NR, DMRS can be configured for symbol 2 or 3 (possibility 1 or 2). It can be seen that for symbol 11, DMRS and CRS overlap in time.

[0037] Figure 2 An exemplary transmission resource structure that avoids overlap is shown. Such a structure can be used based on an overlap indication or a coordination indication and / or based on a capability indication. The upper structure again shows an LTE subframe with a CRS pattern. In the first possible selected mode, the last DMRS symbol can appear after the last CRS, for example, it can be indicated for time slot 12 instead of 11. In another mode, the last DMRS symbol can appear before the last CRS symbol, for example, it can be indicated for time slot 10 instead of 11. For the first solution, the demodulation of the last communication signaling (symbol 13) can be improved, but at the expense of the demodulation of earlier communication signaling may be less reliable. For the second solution, the demodulation of the communication signaling following the last DMRS symbol may be negatively affected, while the demodulation of the earlier communication signaling may be more reliable.

[0038] Figure 3A radio node, in particular a terminal or wireless device 10, is schematically shown, which may in particular be implemented as a UE (User Equipment). The radio node 10 comprises a processing circuit (which may also be referred to as a control circuit) 20, which may include a controller connected to a memory. Any module of the radio node 10 (e.g. a communication module or a determination module) may be implemented in and / or executed by the processing circuit 20, in particular as a module in the controller. The radio node 10 also comprises a radio circuit 22 (e.g. one or more transmitters and / or receivers and / or transceivers) providing receiving and transmitting or transceiving functions, the radio circuit 22 being connected to or connectable to the processing circuit. An antenna circuit 24 of the radio node 10 is connected to or connectable to the radio circuit 22 to collect or transmit and / or amplify signals. The radio circuit 22 and the processing circuit 20 controlling it are configured for cellular communication with a network such as a RAN as described herein and / or for sidelink communication. The radio node 10 may generally be adapted to perform any method of operating a radio node such as a terminal or UE disclosed herein; in particular, it may comprise corresponding circuits, such as processing circuits and / or modules.

[0039] Figure 4 A radio node 100 is schematically shown, which may be implemented in particular as a network node 100, such as an eNB or gNB for NR or the like. The radio node 100 comprises a processing circuit (which may also be referred to as a control circuit) 120, which may include a controller connected to a memory. Any module, such as a transmitting module and / or a receiving module and / or a configuration module of the node 100, may be implemented in and / or executed by the processing circuit 120. The processing circuit 120 is connected to a control radio circuit 122 of the node 100, which provides receiver and transmitter and / or transceiver functions (e.g., including one or more transmitters and / or receivers and / or transceivers). Antenna circuits 124 may be connected or connectable to the radio circuits 122 for signal reception or transmission and / or amplification. The node 100 may be adapted to perform any method for operating a radio node or a network node disclosed herein; in particular, it may include corresponding circuits, such as processing circuits and / or modules. The antenna circuit 124 may be connected to and / or include an antenna array. The node 100 (respectively, its circuitry) may be adapted to perform any of the methods of operating a network node or a radio node as described herein; in particular, it may include corresponding circuitry, such as processing circuitry and / or modules. The radio node 100 may typically include communication circuitry, such as for communicating with another network node (e.g. a radio node) and / or with a core network and / or the Internet or a local area network (in particular with an information system), which may provide information and / or data to be sent to a user equipment.

[0040] References to specific resource structures such as transmission timing structures and / or symbols and / or time slots and / or mini-time slots and / or subcarriers and / or carriers may relate to specific parameter sets, which may be predefined and / or configured or configurable. A transmission timing structure may represent a time interval, which may cover one or more symbols. Some examples of transmission timing structures are transmission time intervals (TTIs), subframes, time slots and mini-time slots. A time slot may include a predetermined (e.g., predefined and / or configured or configurable) number of symbols, such as 6, 7, 12 or 14. The number of symbols included in a mini-time slot (which may in particular be configurable or configured) may be less than the number of symbols in a time slot, in particular 1, 2, 3 or 4 symbols. A transmission timing structure may cover a time interval of a specific length, which may depend on the symbol time length and / or cyclic prefix used. A transmission timing structure may relate to and / or cover a specific time interval in a time stream, such as being synchronized for communication. The timing structure (e.g., time slot and / or mini-slot) used for and / or scheduled for transmission can be scheduled or synchronized to the timing structure provided and / or defined by other transmission timing structures relative to the timing structure provided and / or defined by other transmission timing structures. Such a transmission timing structure can define a timing grid, for example, the symbol time interval within an individual structure represents the minimum timing unit. Such a timing grid can be defined, for example, by a time slot or a subframe (wherein in some cases, a subframe can be considered a specific variant of a time slot). The transmission timing structure may have a duration (length of time) determined based on the duration of its symbol (possibly plus the cyclic prefix used), possibly in addition to the cyclic prefix used. The symbols of the transmission timing structure may have the same duration, or in some variants may have different durations. The number of symbols in the transmission timing structure may be predefined and / or configured or configurable, and / or depend on a parameter set. The timing of the mini-slot can generally be configured or configurable, in particular by a network and / or a network node. The timing can be configurable to start and / or end at any symbol of the transmission timing structure (in particular, one or more time slots).

[0041] Generally, a program product comprising instructions is considered, which instructions are suitable for causing the processing circuit and / or control circuit to perform and / or control any method described herein, especially when executed on the processing circuit and / or control circuit. Likewise, a carrier medium device carrying and / or storing the program product as described herein is considered.

[0042] The carrier medium device may include one or more carrier media. Typically, the carrier medium can be accessed and / or read and / or received by a processing circuit or a control circuit. The storage data and / or program product and / or code can be regarded as a part of carrying data and / or program product and / or code. The carrier medium may typically include a guide / transmission medium and / or a storage medium. The guide / transmission medium may be suitable for carrying and / or bearing and / or storing signals, in particular electromagnetic signals and / or electrical signals and / or magnetic signals and / or optical signals. The carrier medium (in particular the guide / transmission medium) may be suitable for guiding such signals to carry them. The carrier medium (in particular the guide / transmission medium) may include an electromagnetic field (e.g., radio waves or microwaves) and / or a light-transmitting material (e.g., glass fiber) and / or a cable. The storage medium may include at least one of the following: a memory (which may be volatile or non-volatile), a buffer, a cache, an optical disk, a magnetic storage, a flash memory, etc.

[0043] A system comprising one or more radio nodes, in particular network nodes and user equipment as described herein is described. The system may be a wireless communication system and / or provide and / or represent a radio access network.

[0044] Moreover, a method for operating an information system can generally be considered, which includes providing information. Alternatively or additionally, an information system suitable for providing information can be considered. Providing information can include providing information for a target system and / or providing information to a target system, and the target system can include and / or be implemented as a radio access network and / or a radio node, in particular a network node or a user equipment or a terminal. Providing information can include transmitting and / or streaming and / or sending and / or transferring information, and / or providing information for this and / or for downloading, and / or triggering such provision, such as by triggering different systems or nodes to stream and / or transmit and / or send and / or transfer information. The information system can include a target and / or be connected to or connectable to a target, such as via one or more intermediate systems (such as a core network and / or the Internet and / or a dedicated or local network). Information can be provided using and / or via such an intermediate system. As described herein, providing information can be for radio transmission and / or for transmission via an air interface and / or utilizing a RAN or a radio node. Connecting the information system to a target and / or providing information can be based on a target indication and / or an adaptation target indication. The target indication may indicate a target and / or one or more parameters and / or information related to the transmission of the target on which the path or connection of the target is provided. Such parameters may particularly relate to an air interface and / or a radio access network and / or a radio node and / or a network node. Example parameters may indicate, for example, the type and / or nature of the target and / or the transmission capacity (e.g., data rate) and / or delay and / or reliability and / or cost (correspondingly, one or more estimates thereof). The target indication may be provided by the target, or determined by the information system, for example, based on information and / or historical information received from the target, and / or provided by a user (e.g., a user of an operating target or, for example, a device communicating with the target via RAN and / or an air interface). For example, a user may indicate on a user device communicating with the information system that information will be provided via RAN by, for example, selecting from the selections provided by the information system on a user application or a user interface (which may be a Web interface). The information system may include one or more information nodes. An information node may typically include a processing circuit and / or a communication circuit. In particular, the information system and / or the information node may be implemented as a computer and / or computer device, such as a host computer or host computer device and / or a server or server device. In some variants, an interactive server (e.g., a web server) of the information system may provide a user interface and may trigger, based on user input, the sending and / or streaming of information offers to a user (and / or target) from another server (which may be connected or connectable to the interactive server and / or may be part of the information system or be connected or connectable to a part of the information system).The information can be any kind of data, in particular data intended for use by a user on a terminal, for example, video data and / or audio data and / or position data and / or interactive data and / or game-related data and / or environmental data and / or technical data and / or business data and / or vehicle data and / or environmental data and / or operational data. The information provided by the information system can be mapped to and / or can be mapped to and / or is intended to be mapped to communication or data signaling and / or one or more data channels described herein (which can be signaling or channels of an air interface and / or used in RAN and / or for radio transmission). It can be considered that the information is formatted based on target indications and / or targets, for example, about data volume and / or data rate and / or data structure and / or timing, which can particularly relate to the mapping of communication or data signaling and / or data channels. Mapping information to data signaling and / or data channels can be considered to refer to, for example, using signaling / channels on a higher communication layer to carry data, where signaling / channels are at the bottom layer of the transmission. The target indication may typically include different components that may have different sources and / or may indicate different characteristics of the target and / or the communication path to the target. The format of the information may be specifically selected, for example, from a set of different formats for information to be sent on the air interface and / or by the RAN as described herein. This may be particularly relevant because the air interface may be limited in capacity and / or predictability, and / or potentially cost-sensitive. The format may be selected to be suitable for a transmission indication, which may specifically indicate the path of the information between the target and the information system (which may be the indicated and / or planned and / or expected path) of the RAN or radio node as described herein. The (communication) path of the information may represent the interface (e.g., air and / or cable interface) and / or intermediate system (if any) between the information system and / or the node providing or transmitting the information and the target on which the information is transmitted or will be transmitted. When the target indication is provided, and / or when the information is provided / transmitted by the information system, for example, if the Internet (which may include multiple dynamically selected paths) is involved, the path may be (at least partially) uncertain. The information and / or the format for the information may be packet-based, and / or mapped to and / or mappable to and / or intended to be mapped to packets. Alternatively or additionally, a method for operating a target device may be considered, the method comprising providing a target indication to an information system. Alternatively or additionally, a target device may be considered, the target device being suitable for providing a target indication to an information system. In another approach, a target indication tool may be considered, the target indication tool being suitable for and / or comprising an indication module for providing a target indication to an information system. The target device may typically be a target as described above. The target indication tool may include and / or be implemented as software and / or an application and / or a web interface or user interface, and / or may include one or more modules for implementing actions performed and / or controlled by the tool.The tool and / or target device may be adapted to and / or the method may include: receiving user input, based on which a target indication may be determined and / or provided. Alternatively or additionally, the tool and / or target device may be adapted to and / or the method may include: receiving information and / or communication signaling carrying information, and / or operating information and / or presenting information (e.g., on a screen and / or as audio or as other forms of indication). The information may be based on the received information and / or communication signaling carrying information. Presenting information may include processing the received information, such as decoding and / or transforming, in particular between different formats, and / or for hardware to use for presentation. Operating information may be independent of presentation or not presenting and / or presenting or successfully presenting and / or may be without user interaction or even user reception, for example for an automatic process, or a target device without (e.g., conventional) user interaction, such as an MTC device for automotive or transportation or industrial use. Information or communication signaling may be expected and / or received based on the target indication. Presenting and / or operating information may generally include one or more processing steps, in particular decoding and / or executing and / or interpreting and / or transforming information. The operating information may typically include, for example, relaying and / or sending information over an air interface, which may include mapping the information onto signaling (such mapping may typically involve one or more layers, such as one or more layers of an air interface, such as an RLC (Radio Link Control) layer and / or a MAC layer and / or a physical layer). The information may be imprinted (or mapped) on the communication signaling based on the target indication, which may make it particularly suitable for use in the RAN (e.g., for a target device such as a network node or, in particular, a UE or terminal). The tool may typically be suitable for use on a target device such as a UE or a terminal. Typically, the tool may provide a variety of functions, such as for providing and / or selecting a target indication and / or presenting, for example, video and / or audio and / or operating and / or storing received information. Providing the target indication may include, for example, sending or transmitting the indication as signaling in the RAN, and / or carrying the indication on signaling, in the case where the target device is a UE or a tool for a UE. It should be noted that the information provided in this way may be transmitted to the information system via one or more additional communication interfaces and / or paths and / or connections. The target indication may be a high-layer indication, and / or the information provided by the information system may be high-layer information, such as application layer or user layer, in particular above the radio layer (e.g. transport layer and physical layer). The target indication may be mapped on physical layer radio signaling, such as related to or on the user plane, and / or the information may be mapped on physical layer radio communication signaling, such as related to or on the user plane (in particular in the reverse communication direction). The described method allows providing the target indication, thereby facilitating the information to be provided in a specific format that is particularly suitable and / or adapted to efficiently use the air interface.The user input may, for example, represent a selection from a plurality of possible transmission modes or formats and / or paths (eg in terms of data rate and / or packaging and / or size of the information to be provided by the information system).

[0045] In general, a parameter set and / or a subcarrier spacing may indicate the bandwidth of a subcarrier of a carrier (in the frequency domain) and / or the number of subcarriers in a carrier and / or the numbering of subcarriers in a carrier. In particular, different parameter sets may differ in terms of the bandwidth of the subcarriers. In some variants, all subcarriers in a carrier have the same bandwidth associated with them. The parameter set and / or the subcarrier spacing may differ between carriers, in particular in terms of the subcarrier bandwidth. The symbol time length and / or the time length of the timing structure involving the carrier may depend on the carrier frequency and / or the subcarrier spacing and / or the parameter set. In particular, different parameter sets may have different symbol time lengths.

[0046] Signaling may generally include one or more symbols and / or signals and / or messages. A signal may include or represent one or more bits. An indication may represent signaling, and / or may be implemented as one signal or multiple signals. One or more signals may be included in a message and / or represented by a message. Signaling, in particular control signaling, may include multiple signals and / or messages, which may be sent on different carriers and / or associated with different signaling processes, such as indicating and / or involving one or more such processes and / or corresponding information. An indication may include signaling and / or multiple signals and / or messages, and / or may be included therein, indicating that the indication may be sent on different carriers and / or associated with different confirmation signaling processes, such as indicating and / or involving one or more such processes. Signaling associated with a channel may be sent to indicate signaling and / or information for the channel, and / or the transmitter and / or receiver interpret that the signaling belongs to the channel. Such signaling may generally conform to the transmission parameters and / or format for the channel.

[0047] Reference signaling may be signaling including one or more reference symbols and / or structures. Reference signaling may be suitable for measuring and / or estimating and / or indicating transmission conditions, such as channel conditions and / or transmission path conditions and / or channel (or signal or transmission) quality. It may be considered that the transmission characteristics of the reference signaling (e.g., signal strength and / or form and / or modulation and / or timing) may be used for both the transmitter and receiver of the signaling (e.g., due to being predefined and / or configured or configurable and / or being transmitted). Different types of reference signaling may be considered, such as those involving uplink, downlink or sublink, cell-specific (especially the entire cell, such as CRS) or device-specific or user-specific (addressed to a specific target or user equipment, such as CSI-RS), demodulation-related (e.g., DMRS) and / or signal strength-related, such as power-related or energy-related or amplitude-related (e.g., SRS or pilot signaling) and / or phase-related, etc.

[0048] An antenna device may include one or more antenna elements (radiating elements) which may be combined in an antenna array. An antenna array or subarray may include one or more antenna elements which may be arranged, for example, two-dimensionally (e.g., a panel) or three-dimensionally. It may be considered that each antenna array or subarray or element is individually controllable, and accordingly, different antenna arrays are controllable independently of each other. A single antenna element / radiator may be considered as the smallest example of a subarray. Examples of antenna arrays include one or more multi-antenna panels or one or more independently controllable antenna elements. The antenna device may include multiple antenna arrays. It may be considered that the antenna device is associated with a (specific and / or single) radio node (e.g., a configuration or notification or scheduling wireless node), for example, so as to be controlled by or controllable by the radio node. An antenna device associated with a UE or terminal may be smaller than an antenna device associated with a network node (e.g., in terms of the size and / or number of antenna elements or arrays). The antenna elements of the antenna device may be configured for, for example, different arrays, for example, to change beamforming characteristics. In particular, an antenna array may be formed by merging one or more independently or separately controllable antenna elements or subarrays. The beams may be provided by analog beamforming or, in some variants, by digital beamforming. The notification radio node may be configured with the manner of beam transmission, for example by sending a corresponding indicator or indication (e.g. as a beam identification indication). However, the following situation may be considered: the notification radio node is not configured with such information and / or operates transparently without knowing the beamforming manner used. The antenna device may be considered to be individually controllable in terms of the phase and / or amplitude / power and / or gain of the signal fed to it for transmission, and / or the individually controllable antenna device may include independent or separate transmitting and / or receiving units and / or ADCs (analog-to-digital converters, or ADC chains) to convert digital control information into an analog antenna feed for the entire antenna device (the ADC may be considered as part of the antenna circuit, and / or is connected or connectable to the antenna circuit). The scenario in which each antenna element is individually controllable may be referred to as digital beamforming, while the scenario in which a larger array / sub-array is individually controllable may be considered an example of analog beamforming. Hybrid forms may be considered.

[0049] The uplink or sidelink signaling may be OFDMA (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access) or SC-FDMA (Single Carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access) signaling. The downlink signaling may in particular be OFDMA signaling. However, the signaling is not limited thereto (filter bank based signaling may be considered as an alternative).

[0050] A radio node may generally be considered to be a device or node adapted for wireless and / or radio (and / or microwave) frequency communications and / or communicating using an air interface, eg according to a communication standard.

[0051] A radio node may be a network node or a user equipment or terminal. A network node may be any radio node of a wireless communication network, such as a base station and / or a gNodeB (gNB) and / or an eNodeB (eNB) and / or a relay node and / or a micro / nano / pico / femto node and / or a transmission point (TP) and / or an access point (AP) and / or other nodes, in particular for the RAN described herein.

[0052] In the context of the present disclosure, the terms wireless device, user equipment (UE) and terminal may be considered interchangeable. A wireless device, user equipment or terminal may refer to a terminal device that communicates using a wireless communication network, and / or may be implemented as a user device according to a standard. Examples of user equipment may include a phone such as a smart phone, a personal communication device, a mobile phone or terminal, a computer (particularly a laptop), a sensor or machine with radio capabilities (and / or suitable for an air interface) (particularly for MTC (machine type communication, sometimes also referred to as M2M (machine to machine)), or a vehicle suitable for wireless communication. A user device or terminal may be mobile or fixed.

[0053] A radio node may typically include processing circuitry and / or radio circuitry. In some cases, a radio node (particularly a network node) may include cable circuitry and / or communication circuitry, through which the radio node may be connected or connectable to another radio node and / or a core network.

[0054] The circuit may include an integrated circuit. The processing circuit may include one or more processors and / or controllers (e.g., microcontrollers) and / or ASICs (Application Specific Integrated Circuits) and / or FPGAs (Field Programmable Gate Arrays) or the like. It may be considered that the processing circuit includes and / or is (operably) connected to or connectable to one or more memories or storage devices. The storage device may include one or more memories. The memory may be suitable for storing digital information. Examples of memories include volatile and non-volatile memories and / or random access memories (RAM) and / or read-only memories (ROM) and / or magnetic and / or optical memories and / or flash memory and / or hard disk storage and / or EPROM or EEPROM (erasable programmable ROM or electrically erasable programmable ROM).

[0055] The radio circuit may include one or more transmitters and / or receivers and / or transceivers (a transceiver may operate or be operable as a transmitter and a receiver, and / or may include, for example, combined or separate circuits for receiving and transmitting in one package or housing) and / or may include one or more amplifiers and / or oscillators and / or filters and / or may include and / or be connected to or be connectable to antenna circuits and / or one or more antennas and / or antenna arrays. The antenna array may include one or more antennas (which may be arranged in a dimensional array, such as a 2D or 3D array) and / or an antenna panel. A remote radio head (RRH) may be considered as an example of an antenna array. However, in some variants, depending on the type of circuits and / or functions implemented therein, the RRH may also be implemented as a network node.

[0056] The communication circuit may include a radio circuit and / or a cable circuit. The communication circuit may typically include one or more interfaces, which may be an air interface and / or a cable interface and / or an optical interface, such as laser-based. The interface may be particularly packet-based. The cable circuit and / or cable interface may include and / or may be connected or connectable to one or more cables (e.g., optical fiber-based and / or wire-based), which may be directly or indirectly (e.g., via one or more intermediate systems and / or interfaces) connected or connectable to a target, such as controlled by the communication circuit and / or processing circuit.

[0057] Any or all modules disclosed herein may be implemented in software and / or firmware and / or hardware. Different modules may be associated with different components of a radio node (e.g., different circuits or different parts of a circuit). It may be considered that the modules are distributed across different components and / or circuits. The program product described herein may include modules associated with a device (e.g., a user device or a network node) on which the program product is intended to be executed (the execution may be executed on an associated circuit and / or controlled by it).

[0058] The radio access network may be a wireless communication network and / or a radio access network (RAN), in particular according to a communication standard. The communication standard may in particular be a standard according to 3GPP and / or 5G, for example according to NR or LTE, in particular LTE Evolution.

[0059] A wireless communication network may be and / or include a radio access network (RAN), which may be and / or include any kind of cellular and / or wireless radio network that may be connected to or connectable to a core network. The methods described herein are particularly applicable to 5G networks, such as LTE evolution and / or NR (new radio), and are accordingly applicable to their successors. RAN may include one or more network nodes, and / or one or more terminals, and / or one or more radio nodes. A network node may be a radio node suitable for radio and / or wireless and / or cellular communication with one or more terminals. A terminal may be any device suitable for radio and / or wireless and / or cellular communication with or within a RAN, such as a user equipment (UE) or a mobile phone or a smart phone or a computing device or a vehicle communication device or a device for machine type communication (MTC), etc. The terminal may be mobile or in some cases fixed. RAN or a wireless communication network may include at least one network node and a UE, or at least two radio nodes. A wireless communication network or system, such as a RAN or a RAN system, may generally be considered, which includes at least one radio node, and / or at least one network node and at least one terminal.

[0060] Transmission in a downlink may involve transmission from a network or a network node to a terminal. Transmission in an uplink may involve transmission from a terminal to a network or a network node. Transmission in a sidelink may involve (direct) transmission from one terminal to another terminal. Uplink, downlink and sidelink (e.g., sidelink transmission and reception) may be considered as communication directions. In some variants, uplink and downlink may also be used to describe wireless communications between network nodes, for example, for wireless backhaul and / or relay communication and / or (wireless) network communication between base stations or similar network nodes, in particular communications terminated therein. It can be considered that backhaul and / or relay communication and / or network communication are implemented as a form of sidelink communication or a form similar thereto.

[0061] Control information or control information message or corresponding signaling (control signaling) can be sent on a control channel (e.g., a physical control channel), which can be a downlink channel (or in some cases a sidelink channel, such as one UE scheduling another UE). For example, control information / allocation information can be signaled by a network node on a PDCCH (physical downlink control channel) and / or a PDSCH (physical downlink shared channel) and / or a HARQ specific channel. Confirmation signaling (e.g., as a form of uplink control information or signaling such as uplink control information / signaling) can be sent by a terminal on a PUCCH (physical uplink control channel) and / or a PUSCH (physical uplink shared channel) and / or a HARQ specific channel. Multiple channels can be applicable to multi-component / multi-carrier indication or signaling.

[0062] Signaling can generally be viewed as representing an electromagnetic wave structure (e.g., in time intervals and frequency intervals) that is intended to convey information to at least one specific or general (e.g., anyone who may pick up the signaling) target. The signaling process may include sending signaling. Sending signaling (particularly control signaling or communication signaling, for example, including or representing confirmation signaling and / or resource request information) may include coding and / or modulation. Coding and / or modulation may include error detection coding and / or forward error correction coding and / or scrambling. Receiving control signaling may include corresponding decoding and / or demodulation. Error detection coding may include and / or be based on parity checks or checksum methods, such as CRC (cyclic redundancy check). Forward error correction coding may include and / or be based on, for example, turbo coding and / or Reed-Muller coding and / or polar coding and / or LDPC coding (low-density parity check). The type of coding used may be based on the channel (e.g., physical channel) associated with the coded signal. Considering that coding adds coded bits for error detection coding and forward error correction, the code rate can represent the ratio of the number of information bits before coding to the number of coded bits after coding. The coded bits can refer to the information bits (also called systematic bits) plus the coded bits.

[0063] Communication signaling may include and / or represent and / or be implemented as data signaling and / or user plane signaling. Communication signaling may be associated with a data channel (e.g., a physical downlink channel or a physical uplink channel or a physical sidelink channel, particularly a physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) or a physical sidelink shared channel (PSSCH)). Typically, a data channel may be a shared channel or a dedicated channel. Data signaling may be signaling associated with and / or on a data channel.

[0064] The indication may generally indicate the information it represents and / or indicates explicitly and / or implicitly. The implicit indication may be based, for example, on the location and / or resources used for transmission. The explicit indication may be based, for example, on parameterization of one or more bit patterns or bit fields with one or more parameters and / or one or more indexes and / or indicating information. In particular, it may be considered that the control signaling as described herein implicitly indicates the control signaling type based on the sequence of resources utilized.

[0065] A resource element may generally describe the smallest individually available and / or coded and / or decodable and / or modulatable and / or demodulatable time-frequency resource, and / or may describe a time-frequency resource covering a symbol time length in time and a subcarrier in frequency. A signal may be assignable to and / or assigned to a resource element. A subcarrier may be, for example, a subband of a carrier as defined by a standard. A carrier may define a frequency and / or frequency band for transmission and / or reception. In some variants, a signal (jointly coded / modulated) may cover multiple resource elements. Resource elements may generally be as defined by the corresponding standard (e.g., NR or LTE). Since the symbol time length and / or subcarrier spacing (and / or parameter sets) may be different between different symbols and / or subcarriers, different resource elements may have different extensions (length / width) in the time domain and / or frequency domain, in particular resource elements involving different carriers.

[0066] Resources may generally represent time-frequency and / or code resources on which signaling according to a particular format may be transmitted (eg, sent and / or received) and / or intended for sending and / or receiving.

[0067] Boundary symbols may generally represent a start symbol or an end symbol for transmission and / or reception. The start symbol may be, in particular, a start symbol of an uplink or sidelink signaling (e.g., control signaling or data signaling). Such signaling may be on a data channel or a control channel (e.g., a physical channel, in particular a physical uplink shared channel (e.g., PUSCH) or a sidelink data or shared channel, or a physical uplink control channel (e.g., PUCCH) or a sidelink control channel). If the start symbol is associated with control signaling (e.g., on a control channel), the control signaling may be in response to the received signaling (on a sidelink or downlink), for example, indicating confirmation signaling associated with the control signaling, which may be HARQ or ARQ signaling. The end symbol may represent an end symbol (in time) of a downlink or sidelink transmission or signaling, which may be intended for or scheduled for a radio node or user equipment. Such downlink signaling may be, in particular, data signaling on a physical downlink channel such as a shared channel (e.g., a physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH)). The starting symbol may be determined based on and / or relative to such an ending symbol.

[0068] Configuring a radio node (particularly a terminal or user equipment) may refer to the radio node being adapted, caused to be set and / or instructed to operate according to the configuration. The configuration may be performed by another device (e.g., a network node (e.g., a radio node of a network such as a base station or eNodeB)) or a network, in which case it may include sending configuration data to the radio node to be configured. Such configuration data may represent the configuration to be configured and / or include one or more instructions related to the configuration (e.g., a configuration for sending and / or receiving on allocated resources, particularly frequency resources). The radio node may configure itself, for example, based on configuration data received from the network or network node. The network node may utilize and / or be adapted to utilize its circuitry for configuration. Allocation information may be considered as a form of configuration data. The configuration data may include and / or be represented by configuration information and / or one or more corresponding indications and / or messages.

[0069] Typically, configuration may include determining configuration data representing the configuration and providing, for example, sending it to one or more other nodes (in parallel and / or sequentially), which may further send it to the radio node (or another node, which may be repeated until it reaches the wireless device). Alternatively or additionally, configuring the radio node, for example by a network node or other device, may include, for example, receiving configuration data and / or data related to the configuration data from another node such as a network node (which may be a higher-level node of the network), and / or sending the received configuration data to the radio node. Thus, determining the configuration and sending the configuration data to the radio node may be performed by different network nodes or entities, which are capable of communicating via a suitable interface (e.g., an X2 interface in the case of LTE or a corresponding interface for NR). Configuring the terminal may include scheduling downlink and / or uplink transmissions of the terminal (e.g., downlink data and / or downlink control signaling and / or DCI and / or uplink control or data or communication signaling, in particular confirmation signaling) and / or configuring resources and / or resource pools for this purpose.

[0070] If one resource structure shares a common boundary frequency with another resource structure, for example, one as an upper frequency boundary and the other as a lower frequency boundary, then the one resource structure can be considered to be adjacent to the other resource structure in the frequency domain. Such a boundary can be represented, for example, by the upper limit of the bandwidth allocated to subcarrier n, which also represents the lower limit of the bandwidth allocated to subcarrier n+1. If one resource structure shares a common boundary time with another resource structure, for example, one as an upper (or right side in the figure) boundary and the other as a lower (or left side in the figure) boundary, then the one resource structure can be considered to be adjacent to the other resource structure in the time domain. Such a boundary can be represented, for example, by the end of the symbol time interval allocated to symbol n, which also represents the beginning of the symbol time interval allocated to symbol n+1.

[0071] Generally, a resource structure that is adjacent to another resource structure in a domain may also be referred to as being adjacent to and / or neighboring the other resource structure in the domain.

[0072] A resource structure may generally represent a structure in the time domain and / or frequency domain, in particular representing a time interval and a frequency interval. A resource structure may include resource elements and / or consist of resource elements, and / or a time interval of a resource structure may include a symbol time interval and / or consist of a symbol time interval, and / or a frequency interval of a resource structure may include a subcarrier and / or consist of a subcarrier. Resource elements may be considered as examples of resource structures, and time slots or mini-slots or physical resource blocks (PRBs) or parts thereof may be considered as other resource structures. A resource structure may be associated with a specific channel (e.g., PUSCH or PUCCH, in particular a resource structure smaller than a time slot or PRB).

[0073] Examples of resource structures in the frequency domain include bandwidth or frequency band or bandwidth portion. A bandwidth portion may be a portion of a bandwidth available to a radio node for communication (e.g. due to circuits and / or configurations and / or regulations and / or standards). A bandwidth portion may be configured or configurable to a radio node. In some variants, a bandwidth portion may be a portion of a bandwidth used for communication (e.g., transmission and / or reception) by a radio node. A bandwidth portion may be smaller than a bandwidth (which may be a device bandwidth defined by the circuits / configuration of the device and / or a system bandwidth available to a RAN, for example). A bandwidth portion may be considered to include one or more resource blocks or resource block groups, in particular one or more PRBs or PRB groups. A bandwidth portion may relate to and / or include one or more carriers.

[0074] A carrier may generally represent a frequency range or band and / or may refer to a center frequency and an associated frequency interval. A carrier may be considered to include a plurality of subcarriers. A carrier may have a center frequency or center frequency interval assigned to it, for example, represented by one or more subcarriers (a frequency bandwidth or interval may generally be assigned to each subcarrier). Different carriers may be non-overlapping and / or may be adjacent in the frequency domain.

[0075] It should be noted that the term "radio" in this disclosure may be generally considered to relate to wireless communications, and may also include wireless communications utilizing microwave and / or millimeter and / or other frequencies (particularly between 100 MHz or 1 GHz and 100 GHz or 20 or 10 GHz). Such communications may utilize one or more carriers.

[0076] A radio node (in particular a network node or a terminal) may generally be any device adapted to send and / or receive radio and / or wireless signals and / or data (in particular communication data), in particular on at least one carrier. The at least one carrier may include a carrier accessed based on an LBT procedure (which may be referred to as an LBT carrier), such as an unlicensed carrier. The carrier may be considered to be part of a carrier aggregate.

[0077] Receiving or transmitting on a cell or carrier may refer to receiving or transmitting using a frequency (frequency band) or spectrum associated with the cell or carrier. A cell may generally include and / or be defined by one or more carriers, in particular at least one carrier for UL communication / transmission (referred to as UL carrier) and at least one carrier for DL ​​communication / transmission (referred to as DL carrier). A cell may be considered to include different numbers of UL carriers and DL carriers. Alternatively or additionally, a cell may include at least one carrier for UL communication / transmission and DL communication / transmission, for example in a TDD-based approach.

[0078] A channel may generally be a logical, transport or physical channel. A channel may include and / or be arranged on one or more carriers, in particular multiple subcarriers. A channel that carries and / or is used to carry control signaling / control information may be considered a control channel, in particular if it is a physical layer channel and / or if it carries control plane information. Similarly, a channel that carries and / or is used to carry data signaling / user information may be considered a data channel, in particular if it is a physical layer channel and / or if it carries user plane information. A channel may be defined for a specific communication direction or two complementary communication directions (e.g., UL and DL, or a side link in two directions), in which case it may be considered to have two component channels, one in each direction. Examples of channels include channels for low-delay and / or high-reliability transmission, in particular channels for ultra-reliable low-delay communication (URLLC), which may be used for control and / or data.

[0079] In general, a symbol may represent and / or be associated with a symbol time length, which may depend on a carrier and / or a subcarrier spacing and / or a parameter set of an associated carrier. Thus, a symbol may be considered to indicate a time interval having a symbol time length relative to the frequency domain. The symbol time length may depend on the carrier frequency and / or bandwidth and / or a parameter set and / or a subcarrier spacing of the symbol or associated with the symbol. Thus, different symbols may have different symbol time lengths. In particular, parameter sets with different subcarrier spacings may have different symbol time lengths. In general, the symbol time length may be based on and / or include a guard time interval or a cyclic extension (e.g., a prefix or suffix).

[0080] A side link can generally represent a communication channel (or channel structure) between two UEs and / or terminals, wherein data is sent between participants (UEs and / or terminals) via the communication channel, for example, directly sent and / or not relayed via a network node. A side link can be established only via and / or directly via the air interface of the participant, which can be directly linked via a side link communication channel. In some variants, side link communication can be performed without the interaction of a network node, for example, on fixed defined resources and / or resources negotiated between participants. Alternatively or additionally, it can be considered that a network node provides some control functions, for example, by configuring resources (particularly one or more resource pools), for side link communication and / or monitoring side links, for example, for billing purposes.

[0081] The sidelink communication may also be referred to as device-to-device (D2D) communication, and / or in some cases (e.g., in the context of LTE) as ProSe (Proximity Services) communication. The sidelink may be implemented in the context of V2x communication (vehicle communication), such as V2V (vehicle-to-vehicle), V2I (vehicle-to-infrastructure), and / or V2P (vehicle-to-person). Any device suitable for sidelink communication may be considered a user equipment or terminal.

[0082] The sidelink communication channel (or structure) may comprise one or more (e.g. physical or logical) channels, such as a PSCCH (physical sidelink control channel, which may, for example, carry control information such as an acknowledgement position indication) and / or a PSSCH (physical sidelink shared channel, which may, for example, carry data and / or acknowledgement signaling). The sidelink communication channel (or structure) may be considered to involve and / or use one or more carriers and / or frequency ranges, which are associated with and / or used by cellular communications, for example according to specific licenses and / or standards. Participants may share (physical) channels and / or resources, in particular in the frequency domain and / or associated with frequency resources (such as carriers) of the sidelink, so that two or more participants transmit thereon, for example simultaneously and / or time-shifted, and / or may have specific channels and / or resources associated with specific participants, so that, for example, only one participant transmits on a specific channel or on one or more specific resources, for example in the frequency domain and / or associated with one or more carriers or subcarriers.

[0083] The side link may comply with a specific standard (e.g., a standard based on LTE and / or NR) and / or be implemented according to the specific standard. The side link may utilize TDD (time division duplex) and / or FDD (frequency division duplex) technology, for example, as configured by a network node, and / or preconfigured and / or negotiated between participants. If, in particular according to a specific standard, the user equipment and / or its radio circuits and / or processing circuits are suitable for utilizing the side link, for example, on one or more frequency ranges and / or carriers and / or in one or more formats, the user equipment may be considered to be suitable for side link communication. It can generally be considered that the radio access network is defined by two participants in the side link communication. Alternatively or additionally, the radio access network may be represented and / or defined using a network node and / or communications with such a node, and / or is related to a network node and / or communications with such a node.

[0084] Communication or transmission may generally include sending and / or receiving signaling. Communication on a side link (or side link signaling) may include communicating using the side link (correspondingly, for signaling). Side link transmission and / or transmission on a side link may be considered to include transmission using a side link (e.g., associated resources and / or transmission format and / or circuit and / or air interface). Side link reception and / or reception on a side link may be considered to include reception using a side link (e.g., associated resources and / or transmission format and / or circuit and / or air interface). Side link control information (e.g., SCI) may generally be considered to include control information transmitted using a side link.

[0085] In general, carrier aggregation (CA) may refer to the concept of a radio connection and / or communication link between a wireless and / or cellular communication network and / or a network node and a terminal or on a secondary link (which includes multiple carriers for at least one transmission direction (e.g., DL and / or UL)), and to an aggregation of carriers. The corresponding communication link may be referred to as a carrier aggregation communication link or a CA communication link; the carriers in the carrier aggregation may be referred to as component carriers (CCs). In such a link, data may be sent on multiple carriers and / or all carriers of the carrier aggregation (carrier aggregation). The carrier aggregation may include one (or more) dedicated control carriers and / or primary carriers (which may be referred to as primary component carriers or PCCs, for example), on which control information may be sent, wherein the control information may involve the primary carrier and other carriers, which may be referred to as secondary carriers (or secondary component carriers SCCs). However, in some methods, the control information may be sent on multiple carriers of the aggregation (e.g., one or more PCCs and one PCC and one or more SCCs).

[0086] A transmission may typically involve a specific channel and / or specific resources, in particular having a start symbol and an end symbol in time, thereby covering the interval between them. A scheduled transmission may be a transmission that is scheduled and / or expected and / or for which resources are scheduled or provided or reserved. However, it is not necessary to implement each scheduled transmission. For example, a scheduled downlink transmission may not be received or a scheduled uplink transmission may not be sent due to power limitations or other effects (e.g., a channel on an unlicensed carrier is occupied). A transmission may be scheduled for a transmission timing substructure (e.g., a mini-slot, and / or covering only a portion of a transmission timing structure) within a transmission timing structure such as a time slot. A boundary symbol may indicate a symbol in a transmission timing structure at which a transmission begins or ends.

[0087] In the context of the present disclosure, predefined may refer to relevant information defined, for example, in a standard, and / or relevant information available without specific configuration from a network or network node (e.g., stored in a memory independently of being configured). Configured or configurable may be considered to relate to corresponding information set / configured, for example, by a network or network node.

[0088] Configurations or scheduling such as mini-slot configurations and / or structural configurations may schedule transmissions, e.g., for a time / transmission that is effective, and / or transmissions may be scheduled by separate signaling or separate configurations (e.g., separate RRC signaling and / or downlink control information signaling). The scheduled transmission may represent signaling to be sent by a device for which the signaling is scheduled, or signaling to be received by a device for which the signaling is scheduled, depending on which side of the communication the device is on. It should be noted that downlink control information, or specifically DCI signaling, may be considered physical layer signaling compared to higher layer signaling such as media access control (MAC) signaling or RRC layer signaling. The higher the signaling layer, the lower the frequency / time / resource consumption may be considered, at least in part because the information contained in such signaling must be passed through several layers, each of which requires processing and handling.

[0089] The scheduled transmissions and / or transmission timing structures such as mini-slots or time slots may relate to specific channels, in particular physical uplink shared channels, physical uplink control channels or physical downlink shared channels, such as PUSCH, PUCCH or PDSCH, and / or may relate to specific cells and / or carrier aggregation. The corresponding configuration (e.g. scheduling configuration or symbol configuration) may relate to such channels, cells and / or carrier aggregation. The scheduled transmissions may be considered to represent transmissions on physical channels, in particular shared physical channels, such as physical uplink shared channels or physical downlink shared channels. For such channels, semi-persistent configurations may be particularly suitable.

[0090] Typically, the configuration may be a configuration indicating timing, and / or represented or configured by corresponding configuration data. The configuration may be embedded and / or included in a message or configuration or corresponding data, which may in particular indicate and / or schedule resources semi-persistently and / or semi-statically.

[0091] The control region of the transmission timing structure may be an expected or scheduled or reserved time interval for control signaling (particularly downlink control signaling) and / or for a specific control channel (e.g., a physical downlink control channel, such as a PDCCH). The interval may include and / or consist of multiple symbols in time, which may be configured or configurable, for example, by (UE-specific) dedicated signaling on the PDCCH (which may be unicast, e.g., addressed to or intended for a specific UE) or RRC signaling or on a multicast or broadcast channel. Typically, the transmission timing structure may include a control region covering a configurable number of symbols. It may be assumed that typically the boundary symbols are configured to follow the control region in time.

[0092] The duration of the symbols of the transmission timing structure (symbol time length or interval) may generally depend on a parameter set and / or a carrier, where the parameter set and / or the carrier may be configurable.The parameter set may be a parameter set to be used for the scheduled transmission.

[0093] Scheduling a device or scheduling for a device and / or related transmission or signaling may be considered to include configuring resources for the device and / or indicating resources to the device, or a form of configuring resources for the device and / or indicating resource examples to the device, for example for communication. Scheduling may particularly relate to a transmission timing structure or a substructure thereof (e.g., a time slot or a small slot, which may be considered a substructure of a time slot). It may be considered that even for a scheduled substructure, for example, if the basic timing grid is defined based on the transmission timing structure, the boundary symbol may be identified and / or determined relative to the transmission timing structure. The signaling indicating the scheduling may include corresponding scheduling information and / or be considered to represent or contain configuration data indicating the scheduled transmission and / or including scheduling information. Such configuration data or signaling may be considered to be resource configuration or scheduling configuration. It should be noted that such a configuration (particularly as a single message) may not be complete in some cases if there is no other configuration data (e.g., configured with other signaling such as high-level signaling). In particular, in addition to the scheduling / resource configuration, a symbol configuration may also be provided to accurately identify which symbols are allocated to the scheduled transmission. The scheduling (or resource) configuration may indicate a transmission timing structure and / or an amount of resources (eg, in number of symbols or time length) to be used for the scheduled transmissions.

[0094] The scheduled transmission may be, for example, a transmission scheduled by a network or a network node. In this case, the transmission may be an uplink (UL) or downlink (DL) or sidelink (SL) transmission. The device (e.g., user equipment) for which the scheduled transmission is scheduled may be scheduled accordingly to receive (e.g., in DL or SL) or send (e.g., in UL or SL) the scheduled transmission. Scheduling transmission may be considered to include configuring resources for the transmission for the scheduled device, and / or notifying the device that the transmission is intended for and / or scheduled for certain resources. The transmission may be scheduled to cover a time interval (in particular, a continuous number of symbols), which may form a continuous time interval between (and including) a start symbol and an end symbol. The start symbol and the end symbol of the (e.g., scheduled) transmission may be within the same transmission timing structure (e.g., the same time slot). However, in some cases, the end symbol may be in a transmission timing structure (in particular, a structure that is later in time) than the start symbol. For the scheduled transmission, a duration may be associated with it, and / or the duration may be indicated, for example, in terms of the number of symbols or associated time intervals. In some variants, different transmissions may be scheduled in the same transmission timing structure.The scheduled transmissions may be considered to be associated with a specific channel (eg, a shared channel such as PUSCH or PDSCH).

[0095] In the context of the present disclosure, a distinction may be made between dynamically scheduled or aperiodic transmissions and / or configurations and semi-static or semi-persistent or periodic transmissions and / or configurations. The term "dynamic" or similar terms may generally relate to a configuration / transmission that is effective and / or scheduled and / or configured for a (relatively) short timescale and / or (e.g., predefined and / or configured and / or limited and / or determined) number of occurrences and / or transmission timing structures, such as one or more transmission timing structures (such as time slots or time slot aggregations) and / or one or more (e.g., a specific number) of transmissions / occurrences. The dynamic configuration may be based on low-level signaling, such as control signaling on the physical layer and / or MAC layer, specifically in the form of DCI or SCI. Periodicity / semi-staticity may involve longer timescales, such as several time slots and / or more than one frame and / or an undefined number of occurrences, for example, until the dynamic configuration contradicts, or until a new periodic configuration arrives. The periodic or semi-static configuration may be based on and / or configured by high-layer signaling, particularly RCL layer signaling and / or RRC signaling and / or MAC signaling.

[0096] A transmission timing structure may include multiple symbols, and / or define an interval including multiple symbols (respectively, their associated time intervals). In the context of the present disclosure, it should be noted that, for ease of reference, references to symbols may be interpreted as referring to a time domain projection of a symbol or a time interval or a time component or a duration or a time length, unless it is clear from the context that a frequency domain component must also be considered. Examples of transmission timing structures include time slots, subframes, mini-slots (which may also be considered as substructures of time slots), time slot aggregations (which may include multiple time slots and may be considered as superstructures of time slots), and their time domain components respectively. A transmission timing structure may typically include multiple symbols that define a time domain extension (e.g., an interval or length or duration) of the transmission timing structure and are arranged adjacent to each other in a numbered order. A timing structure (which may also be considered or implemented as a synchronization structure) may be defined by a series of such transmission timing structures, which may, for example, define a timing grid having symbols representing a minimum grid structure. The transmission timing structure and / or boundary symbols or scheduled transmissions may be determined or scheduled relative to such a timing grid. The received transmission timing structure may be a transmission timing structure in which, for example, scheduling control signaling is received with respect to a timing grid.The transmission timing structure may specifically be a time slot or a subframe, or in some cases a mini-slot.

[0097] Feedback signaling may be considered as a form of control signaling, such as uplink or sidelink control signaling, such as UCI (uplink control information) signaling or SCI (sidelink control information) signaling. Feedback signaling may in particular include and / or represent confirmation signaling and / or confirmation information and / or measurement reports.

[0098] The confirmation information may include an indication of a specific value or state for a confirmation signaling process, such as ACK or NACK or DTX. Such an indication may, for example, represent a bit or a bit value or a bit pattern or an information switch. Different levels of confirmation information (e.g., providing differentiated information about the reception quality and / or error location in the received data element) may be considered as control signaling and / or represented by control signaling. Confirmation information may generally indicate confirmation or non-confirmation or non-reception or different levels thereof, such as indicating ACK or NACK or DTX. Confirmation information may relate to a confirmation signaling process. Confirmation signaling may include confirmation information involving one or more confirmation signaling processes (in particular, one or more HARQ or ARQ processes). It can be considered that for each confirmation signaling process involved in the confirmation information, a specific number of bits of the information size of the control signaling is allocated. Measurement report signaling may include measurement information.

[0099] Signaling may generally include one or more symbols and / or signals and / or messages. A signal may include and / or represent one or more bits, which may be modulated into a common modulation signal. An indication may represent signaling, and / or may be implemented as one signal or multiple signals. One or more signals may be included in a message and / or represented by a message. Signaling (particularly control signaling) may include multiple signals and / or messages, which may be sent on different carriers and / or associated with different confirmation signaling processes, such as indicating and / or involving one or more such processes. An indication may include signaling and / or multiple signals and / or messages, and / or may be included in signaling and / or multiple signals and / or messages, which may be sent on different carriers and / or associated with different confirmation signaling processes, such as indicating and / or involving one or more such processes.

[0100] Signaling using a resource or resource structure and / or on a resource or resource structure and / or associated with a resource or resource structure may be signaling covering the resource or structure, signaling on an associated frequency and / or within an associated time interval. It may be considered that a signaling resource structure includes and / or covers one or more substructures, which may be associated with one or more different channels and / or signaling types and / or include one or more holes (resource elements that are not scheduled for transmission or reception of transmission). A resource substructure (e.g., a feedback resource structure) may generally be continuous in time and / or frequency within an associated interval. It may be considered that a substructure (particularly a feedback resource structure) represents a rectangle filled with one or more resource elements in a time / frequency space. However, in some cases, a resource structure or substructure (particularly a frequency resource range) may represent a discontinuous pattern of resources in one or more domains (e.g., time and / or frequency). The resource elements of a substructure may be scheduled for associated signaling.

[0101] It should generally be noted that the number of bits or bit rate associated with a particular signaling that can be carried on a resource element may be based on a modulation and coding scheme (MCS). Thus, the bits or bit rate may be viewed as a form of resource representing a resource structure or a frequency and / or time range, which may depend, for example, on the MCS. The MCS may be configured or configurable, for example, by control signaling, such as DCI or MAC (Media Access Control) or RRC (Radio Resource Control) signaling.

[0102] Different formats for control information may be considered, for example different formats for control channels such as the physical uplink control channel (PUCCH). The PUCCH may carry control information or corresponding control signaling, such as uplink control information (UCI). The UCI may include feedback signaling and / or confirmation signaling such as HARQ feedback (ACK / NACK) and / or measurement information signaling such as including channel quality information (CQI) and / or scheduling request (SR) signaling. One of the supported PUCCH formats may be short and may, for example, appear at the end of a timeslot interval and / or be multiplexed and / or adjacent to the PUSCH. Similar control information may be provided on a sidelink, in particular on a (physical) sidelink control channel such as the (P)SCCH, for example as sidelink control information (SCI).

[0103] A code block may be considered as a sub-element of a data element similar to a transport block, e.g. a transport block may include one or more code blocks.

[0104] Scheduling allocations may be configured with control signaling, such as downlink control signaling or sidelink control signaling. Such control signaling may be considered to represent and / or include scheduling signaling, which may indicate scheduling information. Scheduling allocations may be considered to be scheduling information, which indicates the transmission of scheduling / signaling of signaling, particularly involving signaling received or to be received by a device configured with scheduling allocations. Scheduling allocations may be considered to indicate resources on which data (e.g., data blocks or elements and / or channels and / or data streams) and / or (associated) confirmation signaling processes and / or data (or reference signaling in some cases) are to be received, and / or indicate resources for associated feedback signaling and / or feedback resource ranges on which associated feedback signaling is to be sent. Transmissions associated with confirmation signaling processes and / or associated resources or resource structures may be configured and / or scheduled, for example, by scheduling allocations. Different scheduling allocations may be associated with different confirmation signaling processes. A scheduling assignment may be considered an example of downlink control information or signaling, e.g. if the scheduling assignment is sent by a network node and / or provided on the downlink (or secondary link control information if sent using a secondary link and / or sent by a user equipment).

[0105] Scheduling grants (e.g., uplink grants) may represent control signaling (e.g., downlink control information / signaling). Scheduling grants may be considered to configure signaling resource ranges and / or resources for uplink (or sidelink) signaling, particularly uplink control signaling and / or feedback signaling, such as confirmation signaling. Configuring signaling resource ranges and / or resources may include configuring or scheduling them for transmission by the configured radio node. Scheduling grants may indicate channels and / or possible channels to be used / available for feedback signaling, particularly whether shared channels such as PUSCH may be used / will be used. Scheduling grants may typically indicate one or more uplink resources and / or uplink channels and / or formats for control information related to associated scheduling allocations. Both grants and allocations may be considered (downlink or sidelink) control information, and / or may be associated with different messages and / or may be sent together with different messages.

[0106] The resource structure in the frequency domain (which may be referred to as a frequency interval and / or range) may be represented by a subcarrier grouping. A subcarrier grouping may include one or more subcarriers, each of which may represent a specific frequency interval and / or bandwidth. The bandwidth of the subcarrier, the length of the interval in the frequency domain, may be determined by the subcarrier spacing and / or parameter set. The subcarriers may be arranged so that each subcarrier is adjacent to at least one other subcarrier of the grouping in frequency space (for a grouping size greater than 1). The subcarriers of a grouping may be associated with the same carrier, such as configurable or configured or predefined. A physical resource block may be considered to represent a grouping (in the frequency domain). A subcarrier grouping may be considered to be associated with a specific channel and / or signaling type, for which transmission of the channel or signaling is scheduled and / or sent and / or intended and / or configured for at least one, multiple, or all subcarriers in the grouping. Such an association may be time-dependent, such as configured or configurable or predefined, and / or dynamic or semi-static. The association may be different for different devices, e.g. configured or configurable or predefined, and / or dynamic or semi-static. Patterns of subcarrier groupings may be considered which may include one or more subcarrier groupings (one or more subcarrier groupings may be associated with the same or different signaling / channels), and / or include one or more groups without associated signaling (e.g. as seen from a particular device). An example of a pattern is a comb, for which one or more groups associated with one or more different channels and / or signaling types are arranged between pairs of groups associated with the same signaling / channel, and / or one or more groups without associated channels / signaling.

[0107] Example types of signaling include signaling for specific communication directions, in particular uplink signaling, downlink signaling, sidelink signaling, and reference signaling (e.g., SRS or CRS or CSI-RS), communication signaling, control signaling and / or signaling associated with specific channels (e.g., PUSCH, PDSCH, PUCCH, PDCCH, PSCCH, PSSCH, etc.).

[0108] In the present disclosure, for the purpose of explanation rather than limitation, specific details (such as specific network functions, processes and signaling steps) are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the technology presented herein. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that these concepts and aspects may be practiced with other variations and variations that depart from these specific details.

[0109] For example, concepts and variants are partially described in the context of Long Term Evolution (LTE) or Advanced LTE (LTE-A) or new radio mobile or wireless communication technologies; however, this does not exclude the use of these concepts and aspects in combination with additional or alternative mobile communication technologies such as Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM). Although the described variants may relate to certain technical specifications (TS) of the Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP), it should be understood that these methods, concepts and aspects may also be implemented in combination with different performance management (PM) specifications.

[0110] In addition, those skilled in the art will appreciate that the services, functions, and steps described herein may be implemented using software working in conjunction with a programmed microprocessor or using an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a digital signal processor (DSP), a field programmable gate array (FPGA), or a general purpose computer. It should also be understood that although the variations described herein are illustrated in the context of methods and apparatus, the concepts and aspects presented herein may also be embodied in program products and in systems including, for example, a computer processor and control circuitry coupled to a memory of the processor, wherein the memory is encoded with one or more programs or program products that perform the services, functions, and steps disclosed herein.

[0111] It is believed that the advantages of the aspects and variations presented herein will be fully understood from the foregoing description, and it will be apparent that various changes may be made to the form, construction and arrangement of the exemplary aspects thereof without departing from the scope of the concepts and aspects described herein or without sacrificing all of their beneficial effects. The aspects presented herein may be varied in many ways.

[0112] Some useful abbreviations include:

[0113] abbreviation illustrate

[0114] ACK / NACK Acknowledgement / Negative Acknowledgement

[0115] ARQ Automatic Repeat Request

[0116] CAZAC Constant Amplitude Zero Cross Correlation

[0117] CBG Code Block Group

[0118] CDM Code Division Multiplexing

[0119] CM Cubic Metric

[0120] CQI Channel Quality Information

[0121] CRC Cyclic Redundancy Check

[0122] CRS Common Reference Signal

[0123] CSI Channel State Information

[0124] CSI-RS Channel State Information Reference Signal

[0125] DAI Downlink Allocation Indicator

[0126] DCI Downlink Control Information

[0127] DFT Discrete Fourier Transform

[0128] DM(-)RS Demodulation Reference Signal (DM)

[0129] FDM Frequency Division Multiplexing

[0130] HARQ Hybrid Automatic Repeat Request

[0131] IFFT Inverse Fast Fourier Transform

[0132] MBB Mobile Broadband

[0133] MCS Modulation and Coding Scheme

[0134] MIMO Multiple Input Multiple Output

[0135] MRC Maximum Ratio Combining

[0136] MRT Maximum Ratio Transmission

[0137] MU-MIMO Multi-User Multiple Input Multiple Output

[0138] OFDM / A Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing / Multiple Access

[0139] PAPR Peak to Average Power Ratio

[0140] PDCCH Physical Downlink Control Channel

[0141] PDSCH Physical Downlink Shared Channel

[0142] PRACH Physical Random Access Channel

[0143] PRB Physical Resource Block

[0144] PUCCH Physical Uplink Control Channel

[0145] PUSCH Physical Uplink Shared Channel

[0146] (P)SCCH (Physical) Secondary Link Control Channel

[0147] (P)SSCH (Physical) Secondary Link Shared Channel

[0148] RB Resource Block

[0149] RRC Radio Resource Control

[0150] SC-FDM / A Single Carrier Frequency Division Multiplexing / Multiple Access

[0151] SCI Sublink Control Information

[0152] SINR Signal to Interference and Noise Ratio

[0153] SIR Signal-to-Interference Ratio

[0154] SNR Signal to Noise Ratio

[0155] SR Scheduling Request

[0156] SRS Sounding Reference Signal (Signaling)

[0157] SVD Singular Value Decomposition

[0158] TDM Time Division Multiplexing

[0159] UCI Uplink Control Information

[0160] UE User Equipment

[0161] URLLC Ultra-Low Latency High Reliability Communications

[0162] VL-MIMO Very Large Multiple Input Multiple Output

[0163] ZF Force Zero

[0164] Where applicable, abbreviations may be considered to follow 3GPP usage.

Claims

1. A method of operating a network node (100), the network node (100) operating according to a first radio access technology (RAT), the method comprising: selecting a DMRS pattern from a set of demodulation reference signaling DMRS patterns based at least in part on a capability indication indicating a capability of the user equipment to select the DMRS pattern from the set of DMRS patterns based at least in part on a coordination indication indicating the presence of a cell-specific reference signal (CRS) associated with the second RAT, the selected DMRS pattern corresponding to the coordination indication; as well as Signaling including communication signaling and DMRS is transmitted in a transmission resource pattern, wherein the DMRS is arranged in the transmission resource pattern according to a DMRS pattern.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein: The first RAT corresponds to New Radio (NR) technology, and the second RAT corresponds to Long Term Evolution (LTE) technology.

3. The method according to claim 1, wherein: The signaling is embedded in a transmission resource structure.

4. The method according to claim 1, wherein: The communication signaling is physical downlink shared channel PDSCH signaling.

5. The method according to claim 3, wherein: The transmission resource structure has an end symbol which is arranged in a symbol before the end symbol of the time slot or coincides with the end symbol of the time slot.

6. The method according to claim 3 or 5, wherein: The transmission resource structure is embedded in time slots.

7. The method according to claim 3 or 5, wherein: The transmission resource structure is scheduled to end in the last symbol of the time slot and / or include the last symbol of the time slot, and / or the transmission resource structure includes long communication signaling and / or physical downlink shared channel PDSCH transmission, and the long communication signaling and / or physical downlink shared channel PDSCH transmission can be scheduled to have a duration from symbol n of the time slot to symbol m of the time slot, in, n is in the range 1 to 7, or n corresponds to a symbol in the first half of the time slot, or n is in the range of 1 to 7 and corresponds to one of the first half of the symbols in the slot, and / or in, m is 12 or 13, or m represents the last symbol or the second to last symbol of the time slot, or m is 12 or 13 and represents the last symbol or the second to last symbol of the slot.

8. The method according to claim 1 or 5, wherein: The coordination indication and / or the capability indication are provided by using higher layer signaling.

9. A network node (100) adapted to operate according to a first radio access technology (RAT), the network node (100) comprising: processor; and A memory coupled to the processor, the memory storing instructions for execution by the processor, the execution of the instructions causing the network node (100) to be adapted to: selecting a DMRS pattern from a set of demodulation reference signaling DMRS patterns based at least in part on a capability indication indicating a capability of the user equipment to select the DMRS pattern from the set of DMRS patterns based at least in part on a coordination indication indicating the presence of a cell-specific reference signal (CRS) associated with the second RAT, the selected DMRS pattern corresponding to the coordination indication; as well as Signaling including communication signaling and DMRS is transmitted in a transmission resource pattern, wherein the DMRS is arranged in the transmission resource pattern according to a DMRS pattern.

10. The network node according to claim 9, wherein: The first RAT corresponds to New Radio (NR) technology, and the second RAT corresponds to Long Term Evolution (LTE) technology.

11. The network node according to claim 9, wherein: The signaling is embedded in a transmission resource structure.

12. The network node according to claim 9, wherein: The communication signaling is physical downlink shared channel PDSCH signaling.

13. The network node according to claim 11, wherein: The transmission resource structure has an end symbol which is arranged in a symbol before the end symbol of the time slot or coincides with the end symbol of the time slot.

14. The network node according to claim 11 or 13, wherein: The transmission resource structure is embedded in time slots.

15. The network node according to claim 11 or 13, wherein: The transmission resource structure is scheduled to end in the last symbol of the time slot and / or include the last symbol of the time slot, and / or the transmission resource structure includes long communication signaling and / or physical downlink shared channel PDSCH transmission, and the long communication signaling and / or physical downlink shared channel PDSCH transmission can be scheduled to have a duration from symbol n of the time slot to symbol m of the time slot, in, n is in the range 1 to 7, or n corresponds to a symbol in the first half of the time slot, or n is in the range of 1 to 7 and corresponds to one of the first half of the symbols in the slot, and / or in, m is 12 or 13, or m represents the last symbol or the second to last symbol of the time slot, or m is 12 or 13 and represents the last symbol or the second to last symbol of the slot.

16. The network node according to claim 9 or 13, wherein: The coordination indication and / or the capability indication are provided by using higher layer signaling.

17. A method of operating a user equipment (10), the user equipment (10) operating according to a first radio access technology (RAT), the method comprising: Based on a transmission resource pattern, signaling including communication signaling and demodulation reference signaling DMRS is received, wherein the receiving includes: associating the signaling received based on the transmission resource pattern with the DMRS based on the DMRS pattern, wherein the DMRS pattern is selected from a DMRS pattern set based at least in part on a capability indication, the capability indication indicating the ability of a user equipment to select the DMRS pattern from the DMRS pattern set based at least in part on a coordination indication, the coordination indication indicating the presence of a cell-specific reference signal CRS associated with a second RAT.

18. The method according to claim 17, wherein: The first RAT corresponds to New Radio (NR) technology, and the second RAT corresponds to Long Term Evolution (LTE) technology.

19. The method according to claim 17, wherein: The signaling is embedded in a transmission resource structure.

20. The method according to claim 17, wherein: The communication signaling is physical downlink shared channel PDSCH signaling.

21. The method according to claim 19, wherein: The transmission resource structure has an end symbol which is arranged in a symbol before the end symbol of the time slot or coincides with the end symbol of the time slot.

22. A method according to claim 19 or 21, wherein: The transmission resource structure is embedded in time slots.

23. A method according to claim 19 or 21, wherein: The transmission resource structure is scheduled to end in the last symbol of the time slot and / or include the last symbol of the time slot, and / or the transmission resource structure includes long communication signaling and / or physical downlink shared channel PDSCH transmission, and the long communication signaling and / or physical downlink shared channel PDSCH transmission can be scheduled to have a duration from symbol n of the time slot to symbol m of the time slot, in, n is in the range 1 to 7, or n corresponds to one of the first half of the symbols in the slot, or n is in the range of 1 to 7 and corresponds to one of the first half of the symbols in the slot, and / or in, m is 12 or 13, or m represents the last symbol or the second to last symbol of the time slot, or m is 12 or 13 and represents the last symbol or the second to last symbol of the slot.

24. A method according to claim 17 or 21, wherein: The coordination indication and / or the capability indication are provided by using higher layer signaling.

25. A user equipment (10) adapted to operate according to a first radio access technology (RAT), the user equipment (10) comprising: processor; and A memory coupled to the processor, the memory storing instructions executed by the processor, the execution of the instructions causing the user device (10) to: Based on a transmission resource pattern, signaling including communication signaling and demodulation reference signaling DMRS is received, wherein the receiving includes: associating the signaling received based on the transmission resource pattern with the DMRS based on the DMRS pattern, wherein the DMRS pattern is selected from a DMRS pattern set based at least in part on a capability indication, the capability indication indicating the ability of a user equipment to select the DMRS pattern from the DMRS pattern set based at least in part on a coordination indication, the coordination indication indicating the presence of a cell-specific reference signal CRS associated with a second RAT.

26. The user equipment according to claim 25, wherein: The first RAT corresponds to New Radio (NR) technology, and the second RAT corresponds to Long Term Evolution (LTE) technology.

27. The user equipment according to claim 25, wherein: The signaling is embedded in a transmission resource structure.

28. The user equipment according to claim 25, wherein: The communication signaling is physical downlink shared channel PDSCH signaling.

29. The user equipment according to claim 27, wherein: The transmission resource structure has an end symbol which is arranged in a symbol before the end symbol of the time slot or coincides with the end symbol of the time slot.

30. The user equipment according to claim 27 or 29, wherein: The transmission resource structure is embedded in time slots.

31. The user equipment according to claim 27 or 29, wherein: The transmission resource structure is scheduled to end in the last symbol of the time slot and / or include the last symbol of the time slot, and / or the transmission resource structure includes long communication signaling and / or physical downlink shared channel PDSCH transmission, and the long communication signaling and / or physical downlink shared channel PDSCH transmission can be scheduled to have a duration from symbol n of the time slot to symbol m of the time slot, in, n is in the range 1 to 7, or n corresponds to one of the first half of the symbols in the slot, or n is in the range of 1 to 7 and corresponds to one of the first half of the symbols in the slot, and / or in, m is 12 or 13, or m represents the last symbol or the second to last symbol of the time slot, or m is 12 or 13 and represents the last symbol or the second to last symbol of the slot.

32. The user equipment according to claim 25 or 29, wherein: The coordination indication and / or the capability indication are provided by using higher layer signaling.

33. A program product comprising instructions adapted to cause a processing circuit to control and / or perform the method according to one of claims 1-8 or 17-24.

34. A storage medium storing the program product according to claim 33.

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