Mask leak detection head model with upper respiratory tract

Abstract

The present invention discloses a mask leakage detection head model with an upper respiratory tract, comprising a dummy head model, a body temperature control device, and a breathing simulation device; the dummy head model is a 3D-printed integrally formed part and is mainly composed of a head and an upper respiratory tract embedded in the head; the head size and upper respiratory tract size of the dummy head model are the average data of head scan data and upper respiratory tract scan data of multiple real people with similar face shapes; the mouth of the dummy head model is open; the body temperature control device is arranged in the dummy head model for controlling the surface temperature of the dummy head model; the breathing simulation device is connected to the end of the upper respiratory tract of the dummy head model for simulating the breathing intensity under different activity states, and the end of the upper respiratory tract is provided with a particle detection point. The present invention can accurately detect the protective effect of a mask worn by a real person in different activity states.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of mask leakage detection head models, in particular to a mask leakage detection head model with an upper respiratory tract. Background Art

[0002] Thermal manikins are instruments and equipment that simulate the interaction between the human body and the environment. They are widely used in occupational health, clothing, fire protection, construction and other fields. They can replace real people to evaluate the impact of the test person's exposure to the environment. Existing thermal manikins have the basic external morphological characteristics of the human body. According to different research objectives, the body parts and functions of the manikin are refined and strengthened in different ways. For example, the head model set up to test the performance of masks has refined the head and facial features, and can also be combined with a breathing simulation device to wear and test masks. Currently, the effects on human health have attracted much attention. For example, toxic and harmful pollutants are generated in many workplaces, and relevant personnel may inhale pollutants under unknown circumstances. Therefore, it is very necessary to study the actual protective effect of the human body when wearing a mask.

[0003] Current head models used to test mask performance only have external morphological features. Experiments generally focus on performance measurements from both the inside and outside of the mask. For example, filtration efficiency and leakage rate measure particle concentrations on both sides. The concentration of pollutants that can actually be inhaled into the respiratory tract while wearing a mask is not considered, yet this concentration is the key factor affecting health. Leakage often results in poor protection when wearing a mask. Therefore, focusing on the concentration of particles inhaled into the respiratory tract due to leakage is crucial for evaluating the protective effect of masks from the perspective of inhalation exposure. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. To this end, one object of the present invention is to provide a mask leakage detection head model with an upper respiratory tract, which can accurately detect the protective effect of a real person wearing a mask in different activity states.

[0005] A mask leakage detection head model with an upper respiratory tract according to an embodiment of the present invention includes:

[0006] A dummy head model, wherein the dummy head model is a 3D-printed, integrally formed part and primarily comprises a head and an upper airway embedded within the head. The head and upper airway dimensions of the dummy head model are the average head scan data and upper airway scan data of multiple real people with similar facial shapes. The mouth of the dummy head model is open.

[0007] a body temperature control device, the body temperature control device being disposed in the dummy head model and being used to control the surface temperature of the dummy head model;

[0008] A breathing simulation device is connected to the end of the upper respiratory tract of the dummy head model and is used to simulate breathing intensity under different activity states. A particle detection point is set at the end of the upper respiratory tract.

[0009] According to the mask leakage detection head model with an upper respiratory tract according to an embodiment of the present invention, when working, first, turn on the body temperature control system and heat the dummy head model so that the surface temperature of the dummy head model is stabilized at a temperature value between 30°C and 34°C, for example, stabilized at 32°C; then, turn on the breathing simulation device to generate a breathing airflow, set a particle measurement instrument at the particle detection point at the end of the upper respiratory tract to detect the particle concentration at the end of the upper respiratory tract; then, wear the mask on the dummy head model, and measure the particle concentration on the outside, inside and end of the upper respiratory tract mold of the mask. These experimental measurement data can be used to accurately evaluate the protective effect of the mask.

[0010] According to the mask leakage detection head model with an upper respiratory tract according to the embodiment of the present invention, on the one hand, because the size of the mannequin head model is based on 3D scanning data of a real head, the facial structure of the mannequin head model is three-dimensional and the facial details are realistic, which can more realistically simulate a real person wearing a mask. On the other hand, because the mannequin head model has an upper respiratory tract embedded in it, a particle detection point is set at the end of the upper respiratory tract. In this way, particle detection can be performed on the outside and inside of the mask while also detecting particles at the end of the upper respiratory tract, thereby simulating the concentration of pollutants actually inhaled into the upper respiratory tract by a real person when wearing a mask. On the other hand, because the surface temperature of the mannequin head model is controlled by a human body temperature control device to simulate the surface temperature of the human body, the experimental measurement is closer to the impact of the real human body on the airflow. In addition, the breathing simulation device can simulate the breathing intensity in different activity states (such as sitting, walking, driving, etc.), thereby more accurately detecting the protective effect of the mask worn by a real person in different activity states. In addition, the mannequin head model can be classified according to face shape. One type of mannequin head model can represent a group of people with similar face shapes, which has a wide range of applications.

[0011] In some embodiments, the dummy head model includes a large head model, a medium head model, a small head model, a long and narrow head model, and a short and wide head model.

[0012] In some embodiments, the mouth opening is 2 cm 2 .

[0013] In some embodiments, the body temperature control device includes a flexible electric heating film, and the flexible electric heating film is distributed in the dummy head model.

[0014] Furthermore, the body temperature control device also includes a continuously variable speed fan, which is arranged in the dummy head model.

[0015] In some embodiments, the surface temperature of the dummy head model is maintained at about 30°C to 34°C.

[0016] In some embodiments, the breathing simulation device is configured to provide a smooth, constant inspiratory airflow and a sinusoidal pattern of expiratory and inspiratory airflows.

[0017] Furthermore, the breathing simulation device includes an air pump, an exhalation port and an inhalation port, the air pump is connected to the exhalation hole and the inhalation port respectively, and the exhalation port and the inhalation port are connected to the end of the upper respiratory tract model; the breathing simulation device provides a smooth constant inhalation airflow and a sinusoidal wave type of exhalation and inhalation airflow through the air pump.

[0018] Furthermore, the breathing simulation device also includes a control panel, which is used to adjust two parameters of the breathing simulation device, namely minute ventilation volume and respiratory rate, so that the breathing simulation device can simulate the breathing intensity under different activity states.

[0019] Additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description which follows, or may be learned by practice of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily understood from the following description of the embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0021] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of a mask leakage detection head model with an upper respiratory tract according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the working principle of the breathing simulation device in the mask leakage detection head model with upper respiratory tract according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 3 A sinusoidal respiratory airflow curve is provided for the respiratory simulation device in the mask leakage detection head model with an upper respiratory tract according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 4a This is a schematic diagram of a dummy head model in a mask leakage detection head model with an upper respiratory tract according to an embodiment of the present invention. The dummy head model is a large-scale head model.

[0025] Figure 4bThis is a schematic diagram of a dummy head model in a mask leakage detection head model with an upper respiratory tract according to an embodiment of the present invention. The dummy head model is a medium-sized head model.

[0026] Figure 4c This is a schematic diagram of a dummy head model in a mask leakage detection head model with an upper respiratory tract according to an embodiment of the present invention. The dummy head model is a small-sized head model.

[0027] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the upper airway in a mask leakage detection head model with an upper airway according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] Reference numerals:

[0029] Mask Leak Detection Head Model 1000 with Upper Airway 101

[0030] Dummy head model 1 Upper respiratory tract 101 end 1011 head 102

[0031] AC adjustable power supply 201

[0032] Breathing simulation device 3 air pump 301 exhalation port 302 inhalation port 303 control panel 304 DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The following describes embodiments of the present invention in detail. Examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are intended only to explain the present invention and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0034] The following combination Figures 1 to 5 To describe the mask leakage detection head model 1000 with the upper airway 101 according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0035] like Figures 1 to 5 As shown, a mask leakage detection head model 1000 with an upper respiratory tract 101 according to an embodiment of the present invention is used to detect the protective effect of the mask, including a dummy head model 1, a body temperature control device and a breathing simulation device 3.

[0036] Specifically, the mannequin head model 1 is a 3D printed one-piece molded part and is mainly composed of a head 102 and an upper respiratory tract 101 embedded in the head 102. The size of the head 102 and the size of the upper respiratory tract 101 of the mannequin head model 1 are the average data of the head scan data and the average data of the upper respiratory tract scan data of multiple real people with similar face shapes; that is, the head 102 and the upper respiratory tract 101 of the mannequin head model 1 are 3D printed one-piece molded parts. Specifically, a 3D modeling diagram of the upper respiratory tract embedded in the head can be established based on the average data of the head scan size (such as the head size data obtained by 3D scanning) and the average data of the upper respiratory tract scan size (such as the upper respiratory tract size data obtained by CT scanning) of multiple real people (such as 350 people) with similar face shapes such as large, medium, small, long and narrow, short and wide. A 3D modeling diagram of the upper respiratory tract embedded in the head can be established, and the mannequin head mask model 1 can be printed out according to the established 3D modeling diagram. The mannequin head mask model 1 is a 3D printed one-piece molded part. Therefore, the dummy head model 1 can be divided into multiple types according to different face shapes, such as: large-sized head models (refer to Figure 4a As shown), medium head model (refer to Figure 4b shown), small head model (refer to Figure 4c The mannequin head model 1 can be configured as a narrow or short head model (as shown in the figure), and can realistically simulate or represent the faces of multiple real people with similar facial shapes. Thus, the mannequin head model 1 has a three-dimensional facial structure and realistic facial details. The mannequin head model 1 has an open mouth that can communicate with the front end of the upper airway 101.

[0037] The human body temperature control device is set in the dummy head model 1 and is used to control the surface temperature of the dummy head model 1 to simulate the surface temperature of the human body, so that the surface temperature of the dummy head model 1 is maintained consistent with that of a real person, reproducing the impact of the human body's thermal plume on the surrounding airflow, which is conducive to improving the accuracy of experimental measurement data.

[0038] The breathing simulation device 3 is connected to the end 1011 of the upper respiratory tract 101 of the dummy head model 1, and is used to simulate the breathing intensity under different activity states (such as sitting still, walking, driving, etc.); the end 1011 of the upper respiratory tract 101 is provided with a particle detection point, which can be understood as the detection point of the particle measuring instrument.

[0039] According to the mask leakage detection head model 1000 with the upper respiratory tract 101 according to an embodiment of the present invention, when working, first, turn on the body temperature control system to heat the dummy head model 1 so that the surface temperature of the dummy head model 1 is stabilized at a temperature value between 30°C and 34°C, for example, stabilized at 32°C; then, turn on the breathing simulation device 3 to generate a breathing airflow, set a particle measuring instrument at the particle detection point at the end 1011 of the upper respiratory tract 101, and detect the particle concentration at the end 1011 of the upper respiratory tract 101; then, wear the mask on the dummy head model 1, and measure the particle concentrations on the outside, inside and end 1011 of the upper respiratory tract 101. These experimental measurement data can be used to accurately evaluate the protective effect of the mask.

[0040] According to the mask leakage detection head model 1000 with an upper respiratory tract 101 according to an embodiment of the present invention, on the one hand, since the size of the dummy head model 1 is based on the 3D scanning data of a real head, the facial structure of the dummy head model 1 is three-dimensional and the facial details are realistic, which can more realistically simulate a real person wearing a mask; on the other hand, since the upper respiratory tract 101 is embedded in the dummy head model 1, a particle detection point is set at the end 1011 of the upper respiratory tract 101. In this way, while the particle detection can be performed on the outside and inside of the mask, the particle detection at the end 1011 of the upper respiratory tract 101 can also be performed, which can simulate the detection of a real person wearing a mask. On the other hand, since the surface temperature of the dummy head model 1 is controlled by the human body temperature control device to simulate the surface temperature of the human body, the experimental measurement is closer to the impact of the real human body on the airflow; plus the breathing simulation device 3 can simulate the breathing intensity in different activity states (such as sitting, walking, driving, etc.), so that the protective effect of the mask in different activity states can be more accurately detected; in addition, the dummy head model 1 can be classified according to face shape, and one type of dummy head model 1 can represent a group of people with similar face shapes, and has a wide range of applications.

[0041] like Figures 4a to 4c As shown, in some embodiments, the dummy head model 1 includes a large head model, a medium head model, a small head model, a long and narrow head model or a short and wide head model. The large head model, the medium head model, the small head model, the long and narrow head model and the short and wide head model can represent different types of people. This type of dummy head model can represent a group of people with similar face shapes.

[0042] In some embodiments, the mouth opening is 2 cm open. 2 , simulating real people more realistically.

[0043] In some embodiments, the body temperature control device includes a flexible electric heating film (not shown in the figure), which is distributed in the mannequin head model 1, that is, multiple flexible electric heating films are attached to the inner surface of the shell of the mannequin head model 1. The heating method of the flexible electric heating film can utilize an AC adjustable power supply 201 (such as Figure 1 As shown in FIG, the heat generation of each flexible electric heating film is controlled by controlling the power divider, so that the surface temperature of the dummy head model 1 is maintained consistent with that of a real person, reproducing the influence of the human body's heat plume on the surrounding airflow.

[0044] Furthermore, the body temperature control device also includes a stepless speed fan (not shown in the figure), which is arranged in the dummy head model 1, so that the heat generated by the flexible electric heating film can be blown away, so that the surface temperature of the dummy head model 1 is evenly distributed.

[0045] In some embodiments, the surface temperature of the mannequin head model 1 is maintained at about 30°C to 34°C. For example, it can be maintained at 30°C, 31°C, 32°C, 33°C, or 34°C. It can be selected according to experimental needs to simulate the surface temperature of a real person and be basically consistent with the surface temperature of a real person.

[0046] In some embodiments, the breathing simulation device 3 is configured to provide a smooth constant inspiratory airflow and a sinusoidal expiratory and inspiratory airflow (eg, Figure 3 to simulate the real breathing state of a real person.

[0047] like Figure 2 As shown, further, the breathing simulation device 3 includes an air pump 301, an exhalation port 302 and an inhalation port 303, the air pump 301 is connected to the exhalation hole and the inhalation port 303 respectively, and the exhalation port 302 and the inhalation port 303 are connected to the end 1011 of the upper respiratory tract 101 model; the breathing simulation device 3 provides a steady constant inhalation airflow and a sinusoidal wave type of exhalation and inhalation airflow (such as Figure 3 As shown). It is understandable that the air pump 301 can provide power for exhalation and inhalation, and is connected to the end 1011 of the upper respiratory tract 101 through the respiratory port 303 and the inhalation port 303 to achieve smooth exhalation and inhalation.

[0048] like Figure 2 As shown, further, the breathing simulation device 3 also includes a control panel 304, which is used to adjust the two parameters of the minute ventilation volume and respiratory rate of the breathing simulation device 3, so that the breathing simulation device 3 simulates the breathing intensity under different activity states, thereby expanding the scope of application of the mask leakage detection head model 1000 with the upper respiratory tract 101.

[0049] Throughout this specification, reference to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "illustrative embodiments," "examples," "specific examples," or "some examples" means that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in conjunction with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, illustrative uses of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

[0050] While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, and that the scope of the invention is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A mask leakage detection head model with an upper respiratory tract, characterized in that: include: A dummy head model, wherein the dummy head model is a 3D-printed, integrally formed part and primarily comprises a head and an upper airway embedded within the head. The head and upper airway dimensions of the dummy head model are the average head scan data and upper airway scan data of multiple real people with similar facial shapes. The mouth of the dummy head model is open. a body temperature control device, the body temperature control device being disposed in the dummy head model and being used to control the surface temperature of the dummy head model; A breathing simulation device connected to the end of the upper respiratory tract of the dummy head model, used to simulate breathing intensity under different activity states, and a particle detection point is provided at the end of the upper respiratory tract; The body temperature control device includes a flexible electric heating film, and the flexible electric heating film is distributed in the dummy head model; The body temperature control device further includes a stepless speed-variable fan, which is arranged in the dummy head model.

2. The mask leakage detection head model with upper respiratory tract according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dummy head models include a large head model, a medium head model, a small head model, a long and narrow head model and a short and wide head model.

3. The mask leakage detection head model with upper respiratory tract according to claim 1, characterized in that: The opening of the mouth is 2 cm 2 .

4. The mask leakage detection head model with upper respiratory tract according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The surface temperature of the dummy head model is maintained at 30°C to 34°C.

5. The mask leakage detection head model with upper respiratory tract according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The breathing simulation device is used to provide a smooth constant inspiratory airflow and a sinusoidal expiratory and inspiratory airflow.

6. The mask leakage detection head model with upper respiratory tract according to claim 5, characterized in that: The breathing simulation device includes an air pump, an exhalation port and an inhalation port, the air pump is connected to the exhalation port and the inhalation port respectively, and the exhalation port and the inhalation port are connected to the end of the upper respiratory tract model; the breathing simulation device provides a smooth constant inhalation airflow and a sinusoidal wave type of exhalation and inhalation airflow through the air pump.

7. The mask leakage detection head model with upper respiratory tract according to claim 6, characterized in that: The breathing simulation device further comprises a control panel, which is used to adjust two parameters of the breathing simulation device, namely minute ventilation volume and respiratory rate, so that the breathing simulation device can simulate the breathing intensity under different activity states.

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