A sound pickup device

Abstract

The embodiment of this specification provides a sound pickup device, including a microphone and a first component, wherein the first component forms a solid angle relative to the center point of the microphone or the diaphragm; the angle between the first straight line determined by the center point of the first component and the center point of the microphone or the diaphragm and the first plane where the diaphragm is located is less than a first threshold; the projection of the solid angle on the second plane is less than a second threshold, and the second plane is a plane determined by the central axis of the diaphragm and the center point of the first component, and the central axis is perpendicular to the first plane. This solution reduces the shielding of the sound signal by the internal structure of the mic through structural adjustment inside the mic, so as to improve the directivity performance of the mic.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The embodiments of this specification relate to the technical field of sound signal processing, and in particular, to a sound pickup device. Background Art

[0002] The directivity of a microphone (mic) refers to a description of its sensitivity pattern to sounds from all directions in space, and is an important attribute of a mic. Directivity attributes include omnidirectional, cardioid, supercardioid, and bidirectional, etc. Except for the omnidirectional attribute, other directivities are almost all obtained by changing the cavity setting of the microphone head and mixing and modulating the received sound signals to obtain sensitivity to sounds in different directions. For example, in a cardioid mic, the vibration of the diaphragm depends on the pressure difference between the sound signals received at both ends. A fine acoustic filter is placed at the front end of the rear sound inlet to delay the sound, so that the sound coming from the back can reach the diaphragm from the front and rear sound inlets at the same time and cancel each other out. Therefore, the polar diagram of the directional microphone is heart-shaped.

[0003] However, the directional performance of actual mic products sometimes fails to meet expectations. For example, there may be poor signal-to-noise ratio, directional deviation and other phenomena, which make it impossible to achieve ideal directional sound reception. Therefore, how to make the directional performance of the mic closer to the expected requirements has become one of the technical problems to be solved in this field. Summary of the invention

[0004] This specification describes a sound pickup device, which reduces the shielding of the sound signal by the internal structure of the mic through the internal structural design of the mic, so as to improve the directional performance of the mic.

[0005] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present specification provides a sound pickup device, including a microphone and a first component.

[0006] The microphone includes at least one sound inlet hole and a diaphragm, and the at least one sound inlet hole is located on at least one side of the diaphragm; the first component includes at least a signal processing circuit, and the signal processing circuit is used to perform signal processing on the electrical signal output by the microphone; the first component forms a solid angle relative to the center point of the microphone or the diaphragm; the angle between the first straight line determined by the center point of the first component and the center point of the microphone or the diaphragm and the first plane where the diaphragm is located is less than a first threshold; the projection of the solid angle on the second plane is less than a second threshold, and the second plane is a plane determined by the central axis of the diaphragm and the center point of the first component, and the central axis is perpendicular to the first plane.

[0007] In one embodiment, in the first straight line direction, the length of the first component is less than a third threshold; and / or the distance between the center point of the first component and the center point of the microphone or the diaphragm is less than a fourth threshold.

[0008] In one embodiment, an absolute value of an angle between the first straight line and the first plane is less than or equal to 15°.

[0009] In one embodiment, the signal processing circuit is integrated on a PCB circuit board and includes an impedance converter.

[0010] In one embodiment, the impedance converter includes a field effect tube and a diode; the gate of the field effect tube is electrically connected to the microphone, and the diode is connected between the source and the gate of the field effect tube.

[0011] In one embodiment, the first assembly further comprises a lighting assembly and / or a structural assembly;

[0012] The structural component includes a structural member for supporting, limiting, fixing or any one or more of the following functions for the microphone or the first component.

[0013] In one embodiment, in the sound pickup device, the number of microphones and the number of first components are both multiple, and the multiple first components are respectively arranged corresponding to the multiple microphones;

[0014] The sound pickup device also includes an annular support member supporting multiple first components; the multiple first components are evenly distributed along the circumference of the annular support member and fixed to one side of the annular support member; multiple microphones are fixed to the other side of the annular support member corresponding to the multiple first components, and the first plane of each microphone is perpendicular to the plane where the annular support member is located.

[0015] In one embodiment, the sound pickup device may further include a flexible annular PCB circuit board, and the signal processing circuits of the plurality of first components are integrated on the flexible annular PCB circuit board, and the flexible annular PCB circuit board is attached to the annular support.

[0016] In one embodiment, the first component further includes an LED lamp, which is fixed on the annular support.

[0017] In one embodiment, the sound pickup device further comprises a plurality of LED lights, which are evenly distributed on the annular support, and the number of the LED lights is greater than the number of the microphones.

[0018] In one embodiment, the sound pickup device further includes a second shell and a supporting base plate; the second shell covers the plurality of microphones and the plurality of first components; at least one side of the second shell is provided with a plurality of sound inlet holes; and the plurality of microphones are fixed on the supporting base plate.

[0019] In one embodiment, the microphone further comprises a metal electrode plate, on which a plurality of sound inlet holes are arranged; opposite charges are respectively stored on the two sides of the diaphragm, one of which is coated with a metal layer; the diaphragm and the metal electrode plate are parallel and spaced apart, with an air gap formed in between, with the air gap being used as an insulating medium; the metal electrode plate and the metal layer on the diaphragm serve as two electrodes to form a flat plate capacitor, and output electrodes are respectively arranged at the two poles of the flat plate capacitor.

[0020] In one embodiment, the microphone further includes a first shell and a first surface and a second surface; the first surface and the second surface and the first shell form a cavity, and the diaphragm and the metal electrode plate are both placed in the cavity; at least one of the first surface and the second surface is a sound input surface, and a plurality of sound input holes are provided on the sound input surface.

[0021] In one embodiment, the microphone further includes a first shell and a first surface; the first surface, the metal electrode plate, and the first shell form a cavity, and the diaphragm is placed in the cavity; at least one of the first surface and the metal electrode plate serves as a sound input surface, and a plurality of sound input holes are provided on the sound input surface.

[0022] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present specification further provides a conference telephone device, which includes a sound pickup device as described in any of the above embodiments.

[0023] In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present specification further provides a mobile terminal, which includes the sound pickup device described in any of the above embodiments.

[0024] In a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present specification further provides a recording device, which includes a sound pickup device as described in any of the above embodiments.

[0025] In a fifth aspect, the embodiments of this specification also provide a portable wearable device, which supports voice recognition, voice calls and / or video calls, and includes a sound pickup device as described in any of the above embodiments.

[0026] In a sixth aspect, an embodiment of the present specification further provides an IoT device, which at least supports voice collection, including a sound pickup device as described in any of the above embodiments.

[0027] By using the sound pickup device provided in the embodiment of the present specification, the relative position relationship between the first component and the microphone in the MIC is adjusted to reduce the obstruction of the incoming sound signal caused by the unreasonable position setting of components such as the signal processing circuit and the LED light in the internal structure of the traditional MIC, so that the incoming sound signal is more in line with the expected intensity or signal state required by the directivity design, thereby reducing the gap between the actual directivity performance of the product and the expected performance. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the multiple embodiments disclosed in this specification, the drawings required for the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only the multiple embodiments disclosed in this specification. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0029] Figure 1 An existing structural design of directivity mi c is shown;

[0030] Figure 2 shows the relative positional relationship between the first component and the microphone in a longitudinal cross-sectional view in one embodiment;

[0031] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a spatial solid angle β formed in one embodiment of the present specification is shown;

[0032] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the projection angle of the solid angle β on the second plane in one embodiment of this specification is shown;

[0033] Figure 5 The relative position relationship between the first component and the microphone in another embodiment of the present specification is shown;

[0034] Figure 6 A longitudinal cross-sectional schematic diagram of a microphone in one embodiment of the present specification is shown;

[0035] Figure 7 A schematic diagram showing the connection relationship between a microphone and a signal processing circuit in one embodiment of the present specification is shown;

[0036] Figure 8 A schematic structural diagram of a sound pickup device in another embodiment of the present specification is shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] Several embodiments disclosed in this specification are described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0038] During the product development process, the inventor discovered that one of the reasons why the directional performance of the mic is different from the design expectations is that in the structural design of some existing directional mics, part of the structure blocks the acoustic path of the directional mic, and part of the sound signals entering through the sound inlet cannot reach the diaphragm due to being blocked, resulting in a difference between the sound pressure intensity that the diaphragm in the mic can sense and the intensity that the design expects to sense, affecting the sound transparency requirements of the mic, making it impossible for the directional mic to achieve ideal directional sound reception, and causing phenomena such as directional direction deviation.

[0039] For example, see Figure 1As shown, under an existing structural design of the MIC, when described from the perspective of the diagram, electronic components such as the PCB circuit board and the LED are located above one side of the back of the microphone, so that a part of the sound signal that could originally be received by the back of the microphone is blocked, and this part of the sound cannot directly reach the back of the microphone. The sound pressure sensed by the diaphragm in the microphone on the back side cannot be offset by the corresponding sound pressure from the front as expected in the design, so that the directional MIC performance is affected and deviates from expectations.

[0040] In view of this, an embodiment of the present specification discloses a sound pickup device, the structural design of which can minimize the impact of its own structural shielding on the directivity performance.

[0041] See also Figure 2 As shown, in the first aspect, the embodiment of this specification discloses a sound pickup device, which at least includes a microphone 11 and a first component 12. The microphone 11 includes at least one diaphragm 111 and at least one sound inlet hole, and the at least one sound inlet hole is located on at least one side of the diaphragm 111. The first component 12 at least includes a signal processing circuit, and the signal processing circuit is used to perform signal processing on the electrical signal output by the microphone 11.

[0042] To avoid confusion of concepts, it should be noted that in the prior art, microphones are sometimes also referred to as microphones (mic), microphone heads, microphone tubes, pickups, etc. However, in the embodiments of this specification, the microphone only includes components for converting acoustic signals into electrical signals, and does not include a signal processing circuit for signal processing of the electrical signal. For example, the microphone in the embodiments of this specification only includes the acoustic-electric conversion components in the mic, and does not include an impedance conversion circuit for impedance conversion and signal amplification of the electrical signal.

[0043] Moreover, in some products of the prior art, a mic sometimes includes both an acoustic-electric conversion component and a signal processing circuit, that is, electronic components such as a signal processing circuit are sometimes a component of the mic, but it should be noted that in the embodiments of this specification, the signal processing circuit belongs to the first component, and in some embodiments, the first component at least includes the signal processing circuit, and the signal processing circuit can be integrated on a PCB circuit board. In other embodiments, other electronic components such as LED lights and structural parts that play the role of support, limit, fixation, etc. may also be included, or decorative parts printed with trademark logos and industrial design elements may also be included.

[0044] The internal structure design of the sound pickup device provided in this specification is described in detail below from the perspective of the relative position relationship between the microphone and the first component.

[0045] See also Figure 2 As shown, Figure 2FIG. 1 shows the relative positional relationship between the first component 12 and the microphone 11 in a longitudinal cross-sectional view in one embodiment. Figure 2 As shown in the perspective description, the first component 12 is arranged above the side f of the microphone 11, and the microphone 11 includes at least one diaphragm 111. The straight line ab determined by the center point a of the first component 12 and the diaphragm 111 or the center point b of the microphone 11 is defined as the first straight line, and the plane where the diaphragm 111 is located is defined as the first plane. Then, the angle formed by the first straight line and the first plane is α, and α should be less than the first threshold.

[0046] As an implementable embodiment, α falls within a first preset angle range approaching 0, for example, the absolute value of the angle between the first straight line ab and the first plane is less than or equal to 15°, that is, α∈[-15°,+15°].

[0047] Further, see Figure 3 As shown, in the embodiment of the present specification, the first component 12 forms a spatial solid angle β relative to the center point b of the microphone 12 or the diaphragm 111. The solid angle β is the solid angle formed by the appearance boundary shape of the first component relative to the center point b. The projection of the solid angle β on the second plane is less than the second threshold.

[0048] The second plane is a plane defined by the central axis of the diaphragm 111 and the center point a of the first component. The central axis of the diaphragm is perpendicular to the central axis of the first plane. Figure 4 As shown in the figure, the straight line bc is the central axis perpendicular to the first plane where the diaphragm 111 is located, and the plane determined by the central axis bc and point a in the three-dimensional space is the second plane.

[0049] The projection of the solid angle β on the second plane falls within the second preset angle range. Figure 4 As shown, the projection angle of the solid angle β on the second plane is γ. In some embodiments, the absolute value of γ is less than or equal to 20°, that is, γ∈[-20°,+20°]. In other embodiments, γ∈[-10°,+10°].

[0050] The limitation of the projection angle of the solid angle formed by the first component 12 and the center point b on the second plane is equivalent to limiting the size of the first component 12 in the direction of the central axis bc to not exceed a preset value. If the size of the first component 12 in the direction bc is large, it will block the acoustic signal of at least one of the front and back surfaces of the microphone 11. Therefore, the size of the first component 12 in the direction bc should be as small as possible as the thickness of the microphone in the direction bc.

[0051] It should be noted that, for the convenience of representation, Figure 3The first component 12 shown in the figure is a case in which only a PCB circuit board with a regular shape is included. However, in actual products, the shape of the PCB circuit board is not a regular geometric shape in most cases. The first component 12 may also include other electronic devices besides the PCB circuit board.

[0052] In addition, in some embodiments, in the direction of the first straight line ab, the length of the first component 12 is less than the third threshold value. The value range of the third threshold value can be 0 to 0.5 cm. In some embodiments or other embodiments, the distance between the center point a of the first component 12 and the center point b of the microphone 11 or the diaphragm 111 is less than the fourth threshold value. The distance between the center point and the center point b is less than the fourth threshold value, which defines the relative distance between the first component 12 and the microphone 11 in the direction perpendicular to the central axis of the diaphragm; the value range of the fourth threshold value can be 0 to 1 cm.

[0053] The center points of the first component 12 and the microphone 11 or the diaphragm 111 in the above embodiments may be their respective geometric center points, or their respective centers of gravity or mass. In some embodiments where the center of gravity or the center of mass is used as the center point, the location of the center of gravity may be determined by a suspension method. In some embodiments where the geometric center is used as the center point, the center point may be determined as follows:

[0054] In some embodiments, the diaphragm 111 is in the shape of a circular sheet, and the center of the circle can be approximated as the center point of the diaphragm. In most cases, the microphone 11 is in a regular shape approximating a cylinder, and the geometric center point of the cylinder can be approximated as the center point of the microphone 11. In most cases, the first component is in an irregular shape. There are many methods for determining the geometric center of an irregular three-dimensional shape. In a few cases, the first component can be approximated as a homogeneous body with uniform density, and its center of gravity is the geometric center, which can be determined by the suspension method. In most cases, the first component is a non-homogeneous body with obviously non-uniform density, and its center point can be determined as follows:

[0055] First, obtain the plane geometric figure obtained by projecting its three-dimensional appearance boundary on the horizontal plane (i.e., the xy plane), and then obtain the coordinates of each point on the boundary of the plane geometric figure based on the plane rectangular coordinate system, and the coordinates obtained by averaging the coordinates of each point are the coordinates of the center point of the plane geometric figure, and then in the vertical direction passing through the center point of the plane geometric figure (i.e., in the z-axis direction), the midpoint of the dimension length of the first component is the geometric center point of the first component; or, directly obtain the coordinates of each point on the three-dimensional appearance boundary of the first component in the spatial rectangular coordinate system by scanning, and average the three-dimensional coordinates of each point to obtain the three-dimensional coordinate value of the geometric center point.

[0056] Among them, the method for confirming the center point of a plane geometric figure is not limited to finding the mean of coordinates, but can also be determined based on the intersection of the major axis and the minor axis, or the center of gravity or center of mass can be determined based on the hanging method. The center of gravity or center of mass of a plane geometric figure is its geometric center point; or a straight line can be drawn on the geometric plane figure, and then the areas on both sides are calculated. If the areas are the same, another straight line can be drawn to make the areas on both sides equal. The intersection of the two straight lines is the geometric center.

[0057] For the irregularly shaped microphone 11 and diaphragm 111, the above method can be referred to, and the diaphragm 111 can be approximated as a plane geometric figure. In the embodiments of this specification, there are many other ways to specifically determine the geometric center point of the microphone 11 or the diaphragm 111 and the first component 12, for example, based on 2D or 3D drawing software, or through corresponding program codes, which are not listed one by one in the embodiments of this specification.

[0058] In some embodiments, the center points of the microphone 11 and the diaphragm 111 may coincide, that is, the center points of the two are the same point. In other embodiments, the center points of the diaphragm 111 and the microphone 11 are two different points.

[0059] See also Figure 5 As shown, when the angle α is 0°, that is, the first straight line ab where the center point a and the center point b are located is coplanar with the first plane where the diaphragm 111 is located, and the dimension of the first component 12 in the direction of the central axis of the diaphragm 111 is less than or equal to the thickness dimension of the microphone 11 in the same direction, the degree of shielding of the sound signal by the first component 12 is minimized, and the influence on the directivity performance of the mic is minimized. In actual situations, affected by other factors of the actual product, the angle between the straight line ab and the first plane is difficult to be accurately 0°, that is, the first component 12 is not arranged directly above the side of the microphone 11, but is slightly tilted.

[0060] In order to more fully understand the sound pickup device provided in the embodiment of this specification, the respective structural components of the microphone 11 and the first component 12 are specifically described below.

[0061] In the embodiments of this specification, the microphone can be a dynamic microphone, a capacitor microphone, an electret microphone, a silicon micro-microphone, and other types of microphones. The following takes the electret microphone as an example to describe the microphone in one embodiment. Figure 6 As shown, the microphone 11 may include a diaphragm 111 , a metal electrode plate 112 , and a first housing 114 .

[0062] The metal electrode plate 112 is provided with a plurality of sound inlet holes 1121. The body of the diaphragm 111 is a very thin polymer material membrane, such as a Teflon plastic film, one side of which is coated (or plated or evaporated) with a layer of pure gold film. After being electret in a high-voltage electric field, opposite charges are respectively electret on both sides of the diaphragm 111.

[0063] The first shell 114 is made of metal, the metal layer 1110 of the diaphragm 111 is connected to the first shell 114, a metal gasket 117 is set between the diaphragm 111 and the first shell, and the other side of the diaphragm 111 is separated from the first shell 114 by a plastic gasket 118. The plastic gasket 118 is also used to isolate the metal electrode plate 112 and the first shell 114 to prevent a short circuit between the metal shell and the metal electrode plate.

[0064] The diaphragm 111 and the metal electrode plate 112 are arranged parallel and spaced apart, with an air gap 113 formed in between. The air gap 113 is used as an insulating medium. The metal electrode plate 112 and the metal layer 1110 on the diaphragm 111 serve as two electrodes to form a flat plate capacitor, and the two poles of the flat plate capacitor are provided with output electrodes. When the diaphragm 111 encounters sound wave vibration, the electric field at both ends of the flat plate capacitor changes, thereby generating an alternating voltage that changes with the sound wave, thereby converting the sound signal into an electrical signal.

[0065] In some embodiments, the microphone 11 also has a first surface 115 and a second surface 116, and the first surface 115 is a sound-permeable diaphragm, which mainly plays a dust-proof role. The second surface 116 is also a sound-permeable film, which plays a packaging and dust-proof role. The first surface 115, the second surface 116 and the first shell 114 form a cavity, and the diaphragm 111 and the metal electrode plate 112 are both placed in the cavity. Among them, at least one of the first surface 115 and the second surface 116 serves as a sound input surface. For example, for a unidirectional mic, the first surface 115 and the second surface 116 both serve as sound input surfaces. Accordingly, a sound input hole is provided at the position where the first shell 114 is connected to the first surface 115, and a plurality of sound input holes are provided on the metal electrode plate 112 that is arranged in contact with the second surface 116.

[0066] In some other embodiments, only the first surface 115 may be provided without providing the second surface 116, that is, the first surface 115, the metal electrode plate 112, and the first shell 114 form a cavity, and the diaphragm 111 is placed in the cavity; at least one of the first surface 115 and the metal electrode plate 112 serves as a sound input surface, and a plurality of sound input holes are provided on the sound input surface.

[0067] The first component 12 in the embodiment of the present specification includes at least one signal processing circuit, the signal processing circuit includes an impedance converter, the impedance converter is used to perform impedance conversion or amplification processing on the electrical signal converted by the microphone, and the signal processing circuit can be integrated on a PCB circuit board.

[0068] See also Figure 7 As shown, in one embodiment, the impedance converter includes a field effect tube 121 and a diode VD; the gate (G) of the field effect tube is electrically connected to the microphone 11, and the diode VD is connected between the source (S) and the gate (G) of the field effect tube 121. Specifically, the gate (G) of the field effect tube is connected to the metal electrode plate 112 of the microphone, and is connected to the ground through the first housing 114 made of metal after passing through the flat capacitor formed by the metal electrode plate 112 and the diaphragm 111. Among them, the field effect tube 121 and the diode VD can be integrated on the PCB circuit board and connected to the metal electrode plate 112 through pins.

[0069] Optionally, in some embodiments, the first component further includes a lighting component and / or a structural component. The structural component includes a structural member for supporting, limiting, fixing, or performing any one or more functions on the microphone 11 or the first component 12 .

[0070] In the above embodiments, for ease of understanding and description, only one first component is described relative to one microphone. In actual products, the same sound pickup device may have multiple first components and multiple microphones.

[0071] A typical embodiment of the sound pickup device provided in the embodiments of this specification is described below. One of the application scenarios of the sound pickup device is telephone conferencing, for example, it can be applied to a multi-party conference telephone product Octopus. It includes multiple pairs of first components and microphones corresponding to each other.

[0072] See also Figure 8 As shown, in the sound pickup device, a plurality of first components are respectively arranged corresponding to a plurality of microphones, and the sound pickup device further comprises an annular support 123 and a flexible annular PCB circuit board, the flexible annular PCB circuit board is attached to the annular support 123, and the size and shape of the flexible annular PCB circuit board are matched with the annular support 123. The signal processing circuit of each first component 12 can be integrated on the flexible annular PCB circuit board. As an implementable embodiment, each first component is evenly distributed along the circumference of the annular support 123 and fixed to one side of the annular support 123, and correspondingly, each microphone 11 is fixed to the other side of the annular support 123 corresponding to the first component, and the first plane of each microphone 11 is perpendicular to the plane where the annular support 123 is located.

[0073] In this embodiment, the plurality of first components 12 are respectively arranged corresponding to the plurality of microphones 11, and can be arranged one-to-one, that is, one first component is arranged corresponding to one microphone; or some of the first components are arranged one-to-one with the microphones, and the rest can be arranged many-to-one or one-to-many.

[0074] For example, the signal processing circuit in the first component can be arranged one-to-one with respect to the microphone, that is, one signal processing circuit is arranged corresponding to one microphone, and each signal processing circuit is arranged on a flexible ring-shaped PCB circuit board, and the LED lamp is arranged many-to-one with respect to the microphone, such as Figure 8 As shown in FIG. , the LED lamps 122 are fixed on the annular support and are evenly distributed, and the number of the LED lamps is greater than the number of the microphones.

[0075] The function of the LED lamp is to display the operating status of the device and to provide decoration and aesthetics. In some embodiments, when designing the product, the LED lamp can be considered as a part of the first component, that is, the first component including the LED and the microphone should satisfy the relative position relationship defined in the above embodiments; in other embodiments, the LED lamp can be designed as a separate component. In this case, the position relationship of the LED lamp relative to the microphone should refer to the relative position relationship between the first component and the microphone defined in the above embodiments, that is, when the LED lamp is considered as a separate component, the shielding of the sound signals on both sides of the microphone should be minimized.

[0076] Figure 8 The mic structure shown can be used as a separate product. However, in practical applications, in order to protect it and prevent dust from falling in, in most cases, the sound pickup device is also provided with a second housing and a supporting base plate 13, the second housing covers the outside of the plurality of microphones 11 and the plurality of first components 12, and the supporting base plate 13 supports and limits each microphone 11.

[0077] A typical application scenario of the sound pickup device is a conference room desktop. When in use, the sound pickup device generally follows Figure 8 As shown, it is placed horizontally on the desktop, and at least one of the top surface and the side surface of the second shell is provided with a plurality of sound inlet holes. Optionally, in one embodiment, both the top surface and the side surface of the second shell are provided with sound inlet holes.

[0078] In this embodiment, for the convenience of description and easy understanding, the annular support member 123 is described as a separate component. In fact, the annular support member 123 can also be used as a part of the first component 12, which is equivalent to multiple microphones 11 corresponding to one first component 12, and the first component 12 includes multiple corresponding signal processing circuits.

[0079] In this embodiment, when the annular support member 123 and the flexible annular circuit board are placed in a direction 90° to the axial direction of the microphone, that is, Figure 8The angle shown is 90° above the side of the microphone, which is equivalent to an angle α of 0°, and the two sides of the microphone can achieve the best acoustic transparency state, so that the directivity performance of the pickup device is maintained to the greatest extent. In actual products, the annular support 123 can be fixed at a position close to the edge of the top surface of the second shell. In this case, the angle between the first component 12 or the annular support 123 and the relative position cannot be accurately 0°, so the spatial position of the first component 12 will be slightly inclined relative to the microphone 11, for example, the angle α is 5°, but it can also achieve a better acoustic transparency state.

[0080] The sound pickup device provided in the above embodiments of this specification can be used not only in conference phones, but also in voice recorders, mobile phones, televisions, smart Internet of Things (IOT) devices, etc.

[0081] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present specification further provides a conference phone device, which includes a sound pickup device as described in any one of the above embodiments. For example, the conference phone device may be a product such as Octopus for multi-party conference calls.

[0082] In a third aspect, the embodiments of this specification also provide a mobile terminal, such as a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a laptop computer, a portable POS machine, etc. The mobile terminal includes a sound pickup device as described in any one of the above embodiments.

[0083] In a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present specification further provides a recording device, such as a recording pen or a recording recorder, which includes a sound pickup device as described in any one of the above embodiments.

[0084] In a fifth aspect, the embodiments of this specification also provide a portable wearable device, which supports voice recognition, voice calls and / or video calls, and includes a sound pickup device as described in any of the above embodiments. For example, the portable wearable device can be any one of a headset, a phone watch, a smart bracelet, a smart ring, smart sports shoes, a smart collar, a necklace, smart glasses, a smart helmet, and the like.

[0085] In the sixth aspect, the embodiments of this specification also provide an IoT (Internet of Things) device, which at least supports voice collection, and the IoT device includes a sound pickup device as described in any of the above embodiments. For example, IoT devices may include smart home devices, wearable devices, travel devices, etc., wherein smart home devices may include large appliances (such as TVs, refrigerators, washing machines, air conditioners, etc.), small appliances (such as electric pressure cookers, induction cookers, water dispensers, vacuum cleaners, routers, sweeping robots, fans, air purifiers, curtains, clothes hangers, etc.), and personal care and health-related equipment such as hair dryers, shavers, and blood pressure monitors, as well as basic electrical and safety-related equipment such as lighting, door locks, cameras, and socket switches; travel equipment includes electric vehicles, balance bikes, scooters, driving recorders, car air purifiers, and the like.

[0086] For example, the sound pickup device provided in the above embodiment may be integrated into an integrated circuit inside a television, or the sound pickup device provided in the above embodiment may also be provided in various remote controllers supporting voice control.

[0087] In summary, the hardware of the sound pickup device based on the directional mic has relatively special acoustic transparency requirements for the acoustic structure. The acoustic structure design scheme proposed in the embodiment of this specification minimizes the impact of the internal structure design on the acoustic performance by adjusting the relative position relationship between the relevant components and the sound-to-electric conversion unit (i.e., the microphone). The sound pickup device as a whole not only ensures that the front and rear sound input areas of the microphone are not blocked, but also ensures that the structural parts, lights and other components required in the design of the whole machine are placed in place.

[0088] The specific implementation methods described above further illustrate in detail the purposes, technical solutions and beneficial effects of the multiple embodiments disclosed in this specification. It should be understood that the above description is only the specific implementation methods of the multiple embodiments disclosed in this specification, and is not used to limit the protection scope of the multiple embodiments disclosed in this specification. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made on the basis of the technical solutions of the multiple embodiments disclosed in this specification should be included in the protection scope of the multiple embodiments disclosed in this specification.

Claims

1. A sound pickup device, comprising a microphone and a first component; The microphone comprises at least one sound inlet hole and a diaphragm, wherein the at least one sound inlet hole is located on at least one side of the diaphragm; The first component at least includes a signal processing circuit, and the signal processing circuit is used to perform signal processing on the electrical signal output by the microphone; the first component forms a solid angle relative to the center point of the microphone or the diaphragm; An angle between a first straight line defined by a center point of the first component and a center point of the microphone or the diaphragm and a first plane where the diaphragm is located is smaller than a first threshold; The projection of the solid angle on a second plane is smaller than a second threshold value, and the second plane is a plane defined by a central axis of the diaphragm and a central point of the first component, and the central axis is perpendicular to the first plane.

2. The sound pickup device according to claim 1, wherein: In the first straight line direction, the length of the first component is less than a third threshold; and / or, A distance between a center point of the first component and a center point of the microphone or the diaphragm is smaller than a fourth threshold.

3. The sound pickup device according to claim 1, wherein: An absolute value of an angle between the first straight line and the first plane is less than or equal to 15°.

4. The sound pickup device according to claim 1, wherein: The signal processing circuit is integrated on a PCB circuit board and includes an impedance converter.

5. The sound pickup device according to claim 4, wherein: The impedance converter includes a field effect tube and a diode; the gate of the field effect tube is electrically connected to the microphone, and the diode is connected between the source and the gate of the field effect tube.

6. The sound pickup device according to claim 1, wherein: The first component also includes a lighting component and / or a structural component; The structural component includes a structural member for supporting, limiting, fixing or any one or more of the following functions for the microphone or the first component.

7. The sound pickup device according to claim 1, wherein: In the sound pickup device, the number of the microphones and the number of the first components are both multiple, and the multiple first components are respectively arranged corresponding to the multiple microphones; The sound pickup device also includes an annular support member supporting the multiple first components; the multiple first components are evenly distributed along the circumference of the annular support member and fixed to one side of the annular support member; the multiple microphones are fixed to the other side of the annular support member corresponding to the multiple first components, and the first plane of each microphone is perpendicular to the plane where the annular support member is located.

8. The sound pickup device according to claim 7, wherein: The sound pickup device further comprises a flexible annular PCB circuit board, the signal processing circuits of the plurality of first components are integrated on the flexible annular PCB circuit board, and the flexible annular PCB circuit board is attached to the annular support member.

9. The sound pickup device according to claim 7, wherein: The first component also includes an LED lamp, which is fixed on the annular support.

10. The sound pickup device according to claim 7, wherein: The sound pickup device further comprises a plurality of LED lights, which are evenly distributed on the annular support member, and the number of the LED lights is greater than the number of the microphones.

11. The sound pickup device according to claim 7, wherein: The sound pickup device also includes a second housing and a supporting bottom plate; The second housing covers the plurality of microphones and the plurality of first components; At least one side of the second housing is provided with a plurality of sound inlet holes; The plurality of microphones are fixed on the supporting base plate.

12. The sound pickup device according to any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein: The microphone further comprises a metal electrode plate, on which a plurality of sound inlet holes are arranged; The two sides of the diaphragm are respectively provided with opposite charges, one of which is coated with a metal layer. The diaphragm is parallel to the metal electrode plate and is spaced apart to form an air gap in between. The air gap is used as an insulating medium. The metal electrode plate and the metal layer on the diaphragm serve as two electrodes to form a flat plate capacitor, and the two poles of the flat plate capacitor are respectively provided with output electrodes.

13. The sound pickup device according to claim 12, wherein: The microphone further comprises a first housing and a first surface and a second surface; The first surface, the second surface and the first shell form a cavity, and the diaphragm and the metal electrode plate are both placed in the cavity; at least one of the first surface and the second surface is a sound input surface, and a plurality of sound input holes are provided on the sound input surface.

14. The sound pickup device according to claim 12, wherein: The microphone further includes a first housing and a first surface; The first surface, the metal electrode plate, and the first shell form a cavity, and the diaphragm is placed in the cavity; at least one of the first surface and the metal electrode plate serves as a sound input surface, and a plurality of sound input holes are provided on the sound input surface.

15. A conference telephone device, wherein: The conference telephone device comprises the sound pickup device according to any one of claims 1-14.

16. A mobile terminal, wherein: The mobile terminal comprises the sound pickup device according to any one of claims 1-14.

17. A recording device, wherein: The recording device comprises the sound pickup device according to any one of claims 1-14.

18. A portable wearable device, wherein: The portable wearable device supports voice recognition, voice calls and / or video calls, and includes the sound pickup device according to any one of claims 1-14.

19. An IoT device, wherein: The IoT device at least supports voice collection, including a sound pickup device as described in any one of claims 1-14.

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