Ballast device and mobile crane having such a ballast device

Abstract

The invention relates to a ballast device for attachment to a superstructure or superstructure ballast of a crane, in particular a mobile crane, having a first ballast element and a second ballast element. The first ballast element has a first connection device for detachable attachment to a crane, the two ballast elements being detachably connectable to one another by means of a second connection device. According to the invention, the first ballast element comprises an assembly device having a stop element, to which a stop device can be mounted for lifting the ballast device. The stop element is arranged or positioned in such a way that the stop device can be mounted to the assembly device for selectively lifting only the first ballast element above its center of gravity or for lifting both ballast elements together above their total center of gravity. The invention also relates to a mobile crane having at least one such ballast device.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a ballast device for attaching to the superstructure of a crane, particularly a mobile crane, and to a mobile crane having such a ballast device. Background Technology

[0002] Mobile or portable cranes are typically used when a fixed crane is not available at the site, or when they cannot be used for other reasons or would only increase costs. Wheeled mobile cranes are used for public road traffic and are therefore subject to applicable regulations regarding maximum axle loads and permissible dimensions. Smaller cranes are often used as so-called taxi cranes and carry all their equipment to the construction site, including for use on public roads. However, larger mobile cranes cannot do this, therefore the crane components used for public road transport need to be disassembled and reassembled on-site.

[0003] Ballast is a heavy crane component, making it convenient to remove it from a mobile crane for road transport. It can also be installed very quickly and independently on-site, meaning it can be attached to the mobile crane for immediate use. Typically, dismantled crane ballast is transported to the site of use by a separate vehicle. Therefore, the concept of ballast, or the components / elements constituting crane ballast, is not optimized for the transport conditions of a mobile crane, but rather for the individual transport of goods and the actual use of the crane.

[0004] Figure 1a and Figure 1b An example of a large mobile crane 1 known in the prior art is shown, whose ballast superstructure will be removed for road transport. The mobile crane 1 has a chassis 2 with multi-axle wheels, a superstructure 3 rotatably mounted on the chassis 2 about a vertical axis, a telescopic boom 4 rotatably mounted on the superstructure 3 and luffing via a wippzylinder 7, and a ballast load mounted at the rear of the superstructure 3. The latter includes a ballast receiving device or ballast bearing plate 5, which can be attached to the superstructure 3, and multiple ballast plates 6 can be stacked on it.

[0005] To independently equip ballast, ballast bearing plates 5 are placed at designated positions at the rear of the chassis 2 via telescopic booms 4, and individual ballast plates 6 are stacked. The maximum stacking height is limited by the placement height on the ballast device or superstructure 3 and chassis 2. To accommodate a larger ballast mass on the superstructure 3, suspended ballast 9 can be installed on the sides of the ballast or ballast stack. Purpose-oriented ballast subdivisions will also be provided here. Figures 1a to 1bIn the solution shown, the two ballast elements forming the suspended ballast 9 can be attached to the left and right sides of the central ballast stack. This type of suspended ballast 9 can also be called a double-suspended ballast. The first ballast element is attached to the stacked ballast, and the second ballast element is attached to the first ballast element. Of course, more than two ballast elements can also be attached in this manner.

[0006] Each of the two ballast elements can be hooked from above into a corresponding recess in the mating piece using a dovetail joint. Gravity then secures each element in place. To separate the two ballast elements, a crane lifts the outer ballast element and pulls it from the joint.

[0007] For installation or removal, the respective ballast elements must be received so that they can be independently aligned above their center of gravity. However, for the subdivision types known in the prior art, each ballast element can only be received individually, typically via laterally arranged columns, because the total center of gravity of the two ballast elements connected to each other is located inside the outer ballast element. Therefore, stoppers on the outer ballast element are necessary for independent alignment; however, this loosens the form-fit suspension connection between the two ballast elements.

[0008] For this reason, two lifts are required on each side (i.e., the left and right sides of the ballast stack) to equip the double-suspended ballast—one lift for the inner ballast element and one for the outer ballast element. This additional work is not only time-consuming and costly, but also increases the risk of accidents during installation, because attaching the outer ballast element requires working further away from the support area at the connection point on the ballast stack. Summary of the Invention

[0009] Therefore, the purpose of this invention is to simplify the above-described ballast process.

[0010] According to the invention, the objective is achieved by a ballast device according to one aspect of the invention. Therefore, a ballast device for attachment to the superstructure of a crane, particularly a mobile crane, is proposed, comprising a first ballast element and a second ballast element. The first ballast element has a first connecting means for detachable attachment to the crane, and the two ballast elements can be detachably connected to each other via a second connecting means.

[0011] According to the invention, the first ballast element includes an assembly having a stop element, which can be mounted to the stop element for lifting the ballast element. The stop element can be arranged or positioned such that the stop element can be mounted to the assembly for selectively lifting only the first ballast element above its center of gravity or for lifting both ballast elements together above their combined center of gravity.

[0012] This invention now provides a safe and simple way to lift and assemble two ballast elements together. Due to the presence of a stop point above the overall center of gravity, the connected ballast element bundles automatically align. This reduces the number of lifts required; for example, when used as a double-suspension ballast, the number of lifts on both sides of a conventional ballast stack on the superstructure is halved from four to two when used as a double-suspension ballast. Optionally, only the first ballast element can be attached, and a corresponding stop element to ensure automatic alignment is also provided.

[0013] In principle, it can be envisioned that the stopping points for individual lifting (only the first ballast element) and overall lifting (both ballast elements together) are achieved by different stopping elements spaced apart from each other. However, alternatively, it can be specified that the same stopping element can be used for both individual and overall lifting, wherein the stopping element must be movable between positions above the respective center of gravity (e.g., by extending and retracting, folding, pivoting, etc., of the corresponding components of the assembly device including the stopping element).

[0014] Since the two ballast elements can already be attached together in the connected state, the necessary work steps are moved further inward to the support area on the ballast stack. In addition to simplifying the ballast process, this also reduces the risk of accidents.

[0015] Advantageous embodiments of the invention will be derived from other aspects of the invention and the following description.

[0016] In one embodiment, the assembly apparatus has a first stop element for lifting a first ballast element only and a second stop element for lifting two ballast elements together, wherein the distance between the first stop element and the second stop element specifically corresponds to the distance between the center of gravity of the first ballast element and the total center of gravity of the ballast elements connected to each other.

[0017] In another embodiment, the first stop element is positioned above the center of gravity of the first ballast element, and the second stop element is positioned above the overall center of gravity of the interconnected ballast elements in the assembly position of the assembly device. Thus, the assembly device can move from a stop position where the second stop element is not above the overall center of gravity to the assembly position. In the stop position, the assembly device can be positioned on the ballast device, for example, in a space-saving manner. Preferably, the first stop element does not need to be separately moved to the assembly position for individual lifting. However, a solution is also conceivable in which the first and second stop elements can move together or separately between the stop position and the assembly position.

[0018] In another embodiment, the first and / or second connecting device is specified as a means for creating a suspension connection. In other words, the ballast element is a suspension ballast or a suspension ballast element. The first ballast element can specifically be attached to a ballast receiving device or a corresponding receiving portion on a ballast element mounted on said ballast receiving device. If desired, a second ballast element can be attached to the first ballast element via the second connecting device. The connecting device can be designed in a known manner as a lug or protrusion with a corresponding receiving portion, particularly for forming a dovetail connection or similar connection.

[0019] In another embodiment, the assembly device is specified as an inseparable part of the first ballast element, i.e., it remains on the first ballast element at all times and is not disassembled during transport or installation. The assembly device is preferably movable relative to the first ballast element, particularly capable of moving it back and forth between a stop position and an assembly position.

[0020] In another embodiment, the ballast elements are designed such that the overall center of gravity of the interconnected ballast elements is located within the second ballast element. Typically, the two ballast elements can have the same or different shapes.

[0021] In another embodiment, the assembly includes an elongated, particularly cylindrical, portion and a head portion disposed at the end of the elongated portion. The head portion includes stop elements and is rotatable and / or foldable and / or telescopic or displaceable relative to the first ballast element. Preferably, a first stop element and a second stop element are disposed on the head portion, the stop elements being selectively attached to the head portion for individual or overall lifting. It may be necessary to move the first and / or second stop elements from a stopped position to an assembled position by rotating, folding, and / or moving the head portion, its individual components, or the entire assembly. Alternatively, if the same stop elements can be used for both individual and overall lifting, then the stop elements must be positioned accordingly relative to the first ballast element or its center of gravity.

[0022] In another embodiment, the head portion is designed as an arm protruding from the elongated portion, wherein a first stop element is disposed in the region of the elongated portion, and a second stop element is disposed at the opposite end of the arm. For example, by rotating the arm, the second stop element can be positioned above the overall center of gravity, thereby enabling overall lifting. Because the first stop elements are disposed in the region of the elongated portion, their position does not change during such rotation, thus they remain substantially above the center of gravity of the first ballast element at all times.

[0023] In another embodiment, the first ballast element has a guide channel in which an elongated portion of the assembly is mounted, allowing it to move along and preferably rotate about its longitudinal axis. The guide of the elongated portion may be formed, for example, by a continuous hole or channel or by a plurality of spaced-apart guides. The guide channel may extend through the entire ballast element or terminate within the ballast element.

[0024] In another embodiment, the first ballast element has a first recess on its upper side, and the head portion of the assembly device can be fully inserted into or submerged in the first recess in a stopped position. In the stopped position, no area or portion of the assembly device or the head portion protrudes beyond the first ballast element, thus not occupying additional space, and the assembly device is fully protected. It can be specified that the pulled-out assembly device automatically descends due to gravity until the head portion or another stop impacts the first recess or another mating stop.

[0025] In another embodiment, the assembly device includes a stop that cooperates with a mating stop disposed on or within the first ballast element to limit upward displacement of the assembly device relative to the first ballast element. This allows the assembly device to be pulled out from the first ballast element or guide channel up to a predetermined height. The stop is preferably located at the end of the elongated portion opposite the head portion.

[0026] In another embodiment, the first ballast element has a second recess, the upper limit or upper side of which forms a mating stop for an assembly device stop, i.e., the stop moves upward until it contacts the upper side of the second recess and the assembly device extends to its maximum extent therefrom. Furthermore, the stop and the second recess each have at least two lateral stops and mating stops that cooperate in the azimuth direction, the lateral stops and mating stops limiting rotation about the longitudinal axis within a specific angular range in the maximum extended position of the assembly device.

[0027] The term "cooperation in azimuth direction" means that when the assembly rotates about the longitudinal axis of the elongated portion, the lateral stops and mating stops are abutted at a specific angle. At least two pairs of lateral stops and mating stops limit the rotational range of the assembly to a specific, finite angular range. However, more than two lateral stops may also be provided, for example, if the stops are designed as bolts or triangular plates protruding from both sides of the elongated portion, thus each bolt or each plate has two corresponding pairs of lateral stops and mating stops on its side.

[0028] When the stop encounters the mating stop, i.e., when it is at its maximum extension, and when the lateral stop encounters the lateral mating stop, i.e., at its maximum angular position, the assembly device is preferably located in the assembly position, in which a stop point exists above the total center of gravity of the two ballast elements. The assembly device is thus moved from the lower stop position to the assembly position, and vice versa, specifically by lifting or extending and rotating.

[0029] In another embodiment, the stop is designed as a bolt or plate protruding laterally from the elongated portion. The bolt may protrude from one or both sides of the elongated portion. When designed as a plate, it particularly has a polygonal shape, preferably an equilateral triangular shape. Furthermore, the second recess is preferably formed on the underside of the first ballast element, i.e., opening to the bottom, or it is completely closed and located in the lower region.

[0030] In another embodiment, the assembly device is provided with a locking mechanism, which is releasably locked in the assembly position. Thus, the assembly device can be locked in the assembly position, allowing for the safe lifting of the connected ballast element. The locking mechanism preferably includes a locking element, particularly a locking bolt, disposed on the head portion, which is pressed into a recess in the first ballast element by a spring element in the assembly position. Therefore, once the assembly position is reached, the locking mechanism automatically locks.

[0031] The locking mechanism may include a lever element or a handle, which can be actuated to release the locking connection, allowing the assembly device to be moved out of the assembly position again. An indicator element may also be provided, which may be formed by the lever element / handle itself, and visually indicate to the operator that the assembly device is in the assembly position. This can be achieved, for example, by the indicator element pointing out specific elements, such as parts, notches, markings, etc., attached to the ballast element in the assembly position.

[0032] The present invention also relates to a mobile crane having a chassis, a superstructure rotatably mounted on the chassis, a ballast receiving device arranged on or connected to the superstructure to receive crane ballast, and at least one ballast device according to the invention, said ballast device being detachably attached, in particular suspended to, the ballast receiving device and / or arranged or stacked on the ballast receiving device. This obviously has the same advantages and characteristics as the ballast device according to the invention, and therefore repeated descriptions are omitted. Attached Figure Description

[0033] Other features, details, and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the following exemplary embodiments explained with reference to the accompanying drawings. As shown in the drawings:

[0034] Figures 1a to 1b : A perspective view showing an embodiment of a mobile crane known in the prior art;

[0035] Figure 2 : A perspective view of a ballast device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 3 : Showing according to Figure 2 The cross-section of the ballast device;

[0037] Figure 4 : Shows a cross-section passing through the first ballast element;

[0038] Figure 5 : Shows the lower side of the first ballast element;

[0039] Figure 6 : A perspective view of an assembly apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 7 : Showing the basis for locking on the first ballast element Figure 6 The cross-section of the head portion of the assembly device; and

[0041] Figure 8 : A perspective view of the superstructure ballast with two laterally assembled ballast devices according to the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0042] Figure 1a and Figure 1b Two views of a mobile crane 1, known in the prior art and already explained in detail at the beginning, are shown. Therefore, repeated descriptions are omitted here. However, it should generally be noted that the ballast device according to the invention can also be used with other cranes, such as mobile cranes with tracks.

[0043] exist Figure 2The image shows a perspective view of an embodiment of a ballast device 10 according to the present invention, which is related to... Figures 1a to 1b The suspended ballast 9 shown can also be laterally attached to the upper structure ballast of the mobile crane 1 or to the ballast plate forming the upper structure ballast. The ballast device 10 according to the invention thus represents a double-suspended ballast.

[0044] The ballast device 10 according to the invention includes a first ballast element 12, which is suspended from above onto the ballast of the superstructure of a mobile crane 1 via a first connecting device 46 designed as a protrusion. For this purpose, a ballast plate 6 mounted on a ballast receiving device 5 has, for example, a corresponding receiving portion 47 for forming a dovetail connection. Alternatively or additionally, such a receiving portion 47 may be directly provided on the ballast receiving device 5. The ballast device 10 also includes a second ballast element 14, which is suspended from above into the first ballast element 12. For this purpose, the ballast elements 12, 14 have corresponding second connecting devices 48, 49 in the form of protrusions 48 and receiving portions 49. Both ballast elements 12, 14 are securely held in position by gravity via the suspension connection.

[0045] In the embodiment shown here, the two ballast elements 12 and 14 have different shapes. While the first ballast element 12 has a substantially rectangular shape in plan view, the second ballast element 14 is substantially conical or trapezoidal when viewed from above. Of course, other shapes, as well as the same design for both ballast elements 12 and 14, are also conceivable.

[0046] The first ballast element 12 includes an assembly device 16 designed to assemble a mandrel. This assembly device, as part of the first ballast element 12, is not disassembled from the first ballast element for transport or installation, but remains on it. The ballast device 10 can be lifted for self-installation via a stop device of a mobile crane 1 through a plurality of stop elements 18, 20 arranged in the upper region of the assembly device 16.

[0047] Figure 3 It shows crossing according to Figure 2 The central vertical section of the ballast device 10 according to the invention passes through the ballast elements 12, 14 and the assembly device 16. Figure 3The center of gravity of the first ballast element 12 and the overall center of gravity S2 of the entire ballast device 10, namely the interconnected ballast elements 12 and 14, are marked. The overall center of gravity S2 is located outside the first ballast element 12. Therefore, it is impossible to stop above the center of gravity S1 for the lifting (overall lifting) of the entire ballast device 10, as this would cause it to tilt. For stable alignment, the stopping device must stop above the corresponding centers of gravity S1 and S2. The stopping device also cannot stop at the second ballast element 14, because otherwise the suspension connection of the second connecting devices 48 and 49 would loosen.

[0048] For this purpose, the assembly device 16 has two pairs of separate and spaced-apart stop elements 18, 20, so that it is possible to selectively lift only the first ballast element 12 or lift both ballast elements 12, 14 together while still ensuring stable alignment. Figure 6 The assembly, shown separately in a perspective view, includes an elongated cylindrical portion 22 located within a guide channel 26 formed in the first ballast element. The guide channel 26 extends substantially through the entire ballast element 12 and is movable along and rotatable about its longitudinal axis. A head portion 24 is arranged at the upper end of the elongated portion 22, formed by an arm or cantilever projecting from one side of the elongated portion 22.

[0049] In the region connected to the elongated portion 22, the head portion 24 has two first stop elements 18 in the form of laterally projecting pillars, so that the first stop elements are always substantially positioned above the center of gravity S1 of the first ballast element 12. At the end of the arm away from the elongated portion 22, the head portion 24 has two second stop elements 20 that also project laterally as pillars. The distance between the first and second stop elements 18, 20 corresponds to the distance between the centers of gravity S1 and S2. By rotating the assembly device 16, the second stop elements 20 can be positioned above the overall center of gravity S2 (assembled position).

[0050] To equip the upper structure of the mobile crane 1 with ballast, the operator stacks ballast plates 6 on the ballast receiving device 5 placed on the chassis 2, as is known in the prior art. If the mobile crane 1 requires additional suspended ballast in its equipped state, the assembly device 16 can receive it as needed via the stop device and the telescopic boom 4 on different stop elements 18, 20.

[0051] When used as a single trailer (individual lifting), only the first ballast element 12 is received on the first stop element 18 and connected to the already stacked ballast 6 via the protrusion 46 or hung in the corresponding receiving part 47. When used as a double suspended ballast (integral lifting), the first and second ballast elements 12 and 14, already connected by the second connecting devices 48 and 49, are received on the second stop element 20 in the assembled position and are also connected to the stacked ballast 6 via the protrusion 46 of the first ballast element 12.

[0052] The first ballast element 12 has a first recess 28 on its upper side, which connects to the guide channel 26 and opens on its upper side. Before releasing the stop from the corresponding stop elements 18, 20, the assembly device 16 or its head portion 24 can be submerged in the first recess 28 (stop position) so that the assembly device 16 does not protrude beyond the outer contour of the first ballast element 12. In this case, after releasing the stop, the assembly device 16 automatically descends under gravity until the head portion 24 touches the lower side of the first recess 28. Further ballasting is then performed by the ballast cylinder 8 in a known manner.

[0053] At the lower end opposite the head portion 24, the elongated portion 22 has a stop 30 that restricts the pull-out of the assembly device 16 to a specific height. In the embodiment shown here, the stop 30 is designed as an equilateral triangular (locking) plate; other shapes are also possible, such as bolts or plates of different shapes. The guide channel 26 merges in the lower region into a second recess 34 that opens towards the lower side of the first ballast element 12, and the plate 30 is located within the second recess. The assembly device 16 can be pulled upward until the upper side of the plate 30 touches the upper boundary of the second recess 34, thereby forming a mating stop 32. This situation is... Figure 3 As shown in the image.

[0054] If the assembly device 16 is fully extended, the head portion 24, now located above the upper side of the first ballast element 12, can rotate to the assembly position. To ensure the second stop element 20 is effectively positioned above the overall center of gravity S2, three laterally engaging stops 37 are formed in the second recess 34. When the correct assembly position is reached, the three sides of the plate 30 forming the corresponding laterally engaging stops 36 contact the three laterally engaging stops 37. This allows... Figure 5 As can be seen, a plan view of the lower side of the first ballast element 12 is shown. Figure 4 The cross-section passing through the first ballast element 12 and the guide channel 26 can be seen, where the assembly device 16 is lowered and the head portion 24 is fully retracted into the first recess 28.

[0055] The angular position in which the head portion 24 can be recessed into the assembly device 16 in the first recess 28 is defined by three additional corresponding mating stops 37. Thus, each pair of mating stops 37 defines an angular range within which the assembly device 16 can rotate about the longitudinal axis of the elongated portion 22. The side of the plate 30 and the mating stops 37 cooperate in the azimuth direction. Alternatively, a downwardly opening second recess 34 may be provided, which is formed within the first ballast element 12.

[0056] To secure or lock the assembly device 16 in the assembly position, a shape-fit locking mechanism is provided, such as based on... Figure 7 A cross-sectional view of the locking head portion 24 of the embodiment is shown. The locking mechanism includes a locking bolt 40, which is held on / in the head 24 and connected to a lever element or handle 43. A spring 42 sets the locking bolt 40 back to its base position of maximum deflection. A notch 44, designed as a positioning groove, is provided on the upper side of the first ballast element 12. If the locking bolt 40 is engaged in the positioning groove 44 by the spring 42, the second stop element 20 is in the correct position above the overall center of gravity S2. As a result, the operator can also reliably see whether the head portion is in the correct assembly position, allowing for appropriate marking to improve visibility.

[0057] For individual lifting, the operator connects the stop device to the first stop element 18 and lifts the assembly device 16. The assembly device slides upward in the guide channel 26 until the plate 30 touches the top of the second recess 34. From this point, the assembly device 16 drives the first ballast element 12 so that it can attach to the remaining ballast. Since the first stop element 18 is in a centered position, the head portion 24 does not need further alignment or rotation.

[0058] For overall lifting, the operator connects the stop device to the second stop element 20 and lifts the assembly device 16 eccentrically. Despite the eccentric stop in the guide channel 26, the assembly device continues to slide upward until the head portion 24 is completely disengaged from the first recess 28. Figure 4 As can be seen, two sufficiently spaced guide members 38 can form the guide channel 26. The locking bolt 40 must be lifted so that the operator can rotate the assembly device 16 to the assembly position (the latter in...). Figures 2 to 3 (As shown in the diagram). Plate 30 rotates with it until it encounters the three lateral engagement stops 37 and is in the desired position. At the same time, the locking bolt 40 automatically locks into the positioning groove 44 with the first ballast element 12. From this point on, the assembly device 16 moves the entire ballast device 10 during lifting, and the double-suspended ballast 10 can be attached to the remaining ballast 6.

[0059] Figure 8 Two ballast devices 10 according to the invention are shown, which are laterally suspended as double-suspended ballasts on a ballast stack formed by a plurality of ballast plates 6, wherein the assembly devices 16 are respectively in their submerged stop positions.

[0060] Of course, more than two ballast elements 12, 14 can also be used. For this purpose, the head portion 24 of the assembly device 16 must be advantageously manufactured to be longer or foldable, telescopic, or otherwise adjustable, so that the second stop element 20 can always be positioned above the corresponding center of gravity. In the case of suspended ballast that can be assembled in a modular manner, it is also conceivable that additional stop elements, in addition to the first and second stop elements 18, 20, can be provided so that, depending on the structure of the various ballast elements, the stop device can stop at the corresponding center of gravity.

[0061] Mobile crane 1 stacks the entire ballast load, including all ballast components, along with its own telescopic boom 4, onto a point set on chassis 2. Then, superstructure 3 rotates its ballast receiving device 5 to receive the entire ballast load above it.

[0062] During this rotation, no component may extend into the rotation radius of the superstructure 3 and the ballast receiving device 5. Figure 1a and Figure 1b The high-voltage load components are positioned further outwards, thus avoiding interference. If assembly device 16 is to be maintained according to... Figure 3 If the position is raised, a collision will occur when the upper structure 3 rotates.

[0063] Therefore, it should be ensured that the assembly device 16 returns to its lowered position after the suspended ballast is engaged. Figure 4 This is achieved by cleverly choosing the upper end of the second ballast element 14 to close. The upper end closure should be only a limited distance from the second stop element 20 so that the load-bearing device used cannot be removed. On the other hand, in its stopped position, i.e. in the recess 28, sufficient space is provided so that the stop device can be freely removed.

[0064] List of reference numerals in the attached diagram:

[0065] 1. Mobile crane

[0066] 2 Chassis

[0067] 3. Superstructure

[0068] 4 Telescopic boom

[0069] 5 Ballast Receiving Device

[0070] 6 Ballast Plates

[0071] 7-Voltage Cylinder

[0072] 8 Ballast Cylinders

[0073] 9. Suspended ballast

[0074] 10 Ballast Devices

[0075] 12 First Ballast Component

[0076] 14 Second Ballast Component

[0077] 16 Assembly Units

[0078] 18 First stop element

[0079] 20 Second stop element

[0080] 22 slender parts

[0081] 24 head parts

[0082] 26 Guiding Channels

[0083] 28 first recess

[0084] 30 stop parts

[0085] 32 Matching stop

[0086] 34 second recess

[0087] 36 Lateral stop

[0088] 38 guides

[0089] 40 locking elements

[0090] 42 Spring Components

[0091] 43 lever elements

[0092] 44 notch

[0093] 46. ​​Suspension lug (first connecting device)

[0094] 47 Receiving Unit (First Connecting Device)

[0095] 48. Suspension lug (second connecting device)

[0096] 49 Receiving Unit (Second Connecting Device)

[0097] Center of gravity of the first ballast element S1

[0098] The center of gravity of the two ballast elements S2.

Claims

1. A ballast device (10) for attachment to a crane, comprising a first ballast element (12) and a second ballast element (14), wherein the first ballast element (12) has a first connecting means (46) for detachable attachment to the crane (1), and the first ballast element (12) and the second ballast element (14) are detachably connected to each other via second connecting means (48, 49). Its features are, The first ballast element (12) includes an assembly device (16) with stop elements (18, 20) that can be mounted on the stop elements (18, 20) for lifting the ballast device (10). The stop elements (18, 20) are arranged or positioned such that the stop elements can be mounted on the assembly device (16) for selectively lifting only the first ballast element (12) above the center of gravity (S1) of the first ballast element (12), or lifting both the first ballast element (12) and the second ballast element (14) together above the total center of gravity (S2) of the ballast elements (12, 14) connected to each other.

2. The ballast device (10) according to claim 1, characterized in that, The assembly device (16) has a first stop element (18) for lifting the first ballast element (12) only and a second stop element (20) for lifting the two ballast elements (12, 14) together, wherein the distance between the first stop element (18) and the second stop element (20) corresponds to the horizontal distance between the center of gravity (S1) of the first ballast element (12) and the total center of gravity (S2) of the ballast elements (12, 14) connected to each other.

3. The ballast device (10) according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first stop element (18) is arranged above the center of gravity (S1) of the first ballast element (12), and the second stop element (20) is arranged above the center of gravity (S2) of the ballast elements (12, 14) connected to each other in the assembly position of the assembly device (16).

4. The ballast device (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, The first connecting device (46, 47) and / or the second connecting device (48, 49) are devices for creating a suspension connection.

5. The ballast device (10) according to claim 1, characterized in that, The assembly device (16) is an inseparable part of the first ballast element (12) and is movable relative to the first ballast element.

6. The ballast device (10) according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first ballast element (12) and the second ballast element (14) are designed such that the total center of gravity (S2) of the first ballast element (12) and the second ballast element (14) connected to each other is located within the second ballast element (14).

7. The ballast device (10) according to claim 2, characterized in that, The assembly device (16) includes a cylindrical elongated portion (22) and a head portion (24) disposed at the end of the elongated portion (22), the head portion (24) having stop elements (18, 20) and being rotatable and / or foldable and / or telescopic relative to the first ballast element (12).

8. The ballast device (10) according to claim 7, characterized in that, The head portion (24) is designed as an arm protruding from the elongated portion (22), wherein the first stop element (18) is arranged in the region of the elongated portion (22), and the second stop element (20) is arranged at the opposite end of the arm.

9. The ballast device (10) according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that, The first ballast element (12) has a guide channel (26), and the elongated portion (22) of the assembly device (16) is movable along its longitudinal axis in the guide channel and is rotatably mounted about the longitudinal axis.

10. The ballast device (10) according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that, The first ballast element (12) has a first recess (28) on its upper side, and the head portion (24) can be completely inserted into the first recess in the stop position.

11. The ballast device (10) according to any one of claims 7 or 8, characterized in that, The assembly device (16) has a stop (30) that cooperates with a cooperating stop (32) disposed on or in the first ballast element (12) to restrict the upward movement of the assembly device (16) relative to the first ballast element (12), and the stop is disposed at the end of the elongated portion (22) opposite to the head portion (24).

12. The ballast device (10) according to claim 11, characterized in that, The first ballast element (12) has a second recess (34), the upper limit of which forms a mating stop (32) for a stop (30) of the assembly device (16), wherein the stop (30) and the second recess (34) have at least two lateral stops (36) and lateral mating stops (37) that cooperate in the azimuth direction, the lateral stops and mating stops restricting rotation about the longitudinal axis of the elongated portion (22) within a specific angular range in the highest position of the assembly device (16), and the assembly device (16) is in the assembly position when the stop (30) contacts the mating stop (32) and the lateral mating stop (37).

13. The ballast device (10) according to claim 12, characterized in that, The stop (30) is designed as a bolt that protrudes laterally from the elongated portion, or as a plate with a polygonal shape, wherein the second recess (34) is formed on the underside of the first ballast element (12) or in the lower region of the first ballast element.

14. The ballast device (10) according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that, The assembly device (16) has a locking mechanism that can be releasably locked in the assembly position. The locking mechanism includes a locking element (40) mounted on the head portion (24) and the locking element is pressed into a notch (44) of the first ballast element (12) by a spring element (42) in the assembly position.

15. A mobile crane (1) comprising a chassis (2), a superstructure (3) rotatably mounted on the chassis (2), and a ballast receiving device (5) disposed on or capable of being connected to the superstructure (3), the ballast receiving device being used to receive ballast loads from the crane. Its features are, At least one ballast device (10) according to any one of the preceding claims can be detachably attached to the ballast receiving device (5) and / or the ballast plate (6) mounted on the ballast receiving device.

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