A method for simulation of seepage in dynamically deformed soils

Abstract

The present invention relates to a seepage simulation method for dynamically deformed soil, which belongs to the field of seepage simulation technology, and is used to solve the problem that the existing seepage simulation device cannot perform dynamic deformation analysis on the experimental soil. The seepage simulation method of the present invention includes the following steps: Step S1: Sample the experimental soil, and load the experimental soil into the inner wall of the seepage simulation device, and place it on the permeable track; Step S2: Install the pad and the upper cover above the experimental soil, and fixedly connect them to the confining pressure control component; Step S3: Apply confining pressure to the inner wall and the experimental soil through an external confining pressure generating device, and perform seepage simulation on the experimental soil through the external seepage generating device; Step S4: Control the permeable track to be in a static state or a dynamically deformed state, and perform a seepage experiment. The present invention realizes dynamic deformation of the soil through the displacement and deformation of the permeable track, and then performs seepage simulation of the soil in the deformed state through the seepage simulation device.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of seepage simulation, and in particular to a method for simulating seepage of dynamically deformed soil. Background Art

[0002] Considering the evolution characteristics of mining-induced fractures in the key impermeable rock strata, under the action of seepage field and stress field, the key impermeable layer system is a time-varying nonlinear seepage system. Whether seepage destabilization occurs after compaction stabilization requires in-depth research and verification. The development height of a single water-conducting fracture zone cannot be used as a scientific and accurate on-site evaluation indicator.

[0003] In underground mining, simulation experimental research is currently the most common research method, but there are few studies on the simulation of similar materials in mining evolution with water-repellent key layers as the control object. The main reason is the insufficiency of simulation equipment.

[0004] The simulation devices in the prior art have a common weakness, that is, the test pieces used can only undergo simple changes. During the experiment, the effects of mining disturbance on the test pieces are distorted or inaccurate to a large extent, and there are great limitations in use, making it impossible to conduct a dynamic, comprehensive and systematic study on the seepage conditions of the experimental soil body caused by mining disturbance. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the above analysis, the present invention aims to provide a method for simulating seepage of dynamically deformed soil, so as to solve the problem that the existing seepage simulation device cannot perform dynamic deformation analysis on the experimental soil.

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is mainly achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0007] A method for simulating seepage of dynamically deformed soil, comprising the following steps:

[0008] Step S1: preparing samples of experimental soil and filling them;

[0009] Step S2: installing the pad and the upper cover on the experimental soil mass and fixing them to the confining pressure control assembly;

[0010] Step S3: applying confining pressure and osmotic pressure to the experimental soil;

[0011] Step S4: Control the permeable crawler to be in a static state or a dynamic deformation state to conduct a seepage experiment.

[0012] Furthermore, in the step S1, after the sample preparation is completed, the experimental soil is loaded into the inner wall of the confining pressure control assembly.

[0013] Furthermore, the experimental soil is placed above the permeable track of the dynamic deformation control assembly.

[0014] Furthermore, in step S2, the backing plate and the upper cover are first fixedly connected by the second bolts; the upper cover and the backing plate are integrally installed above the outer frame and fixedly connected by the first bolts.

[0015] Furthermore, in step S3, the seepage inflow hole is connected to an external seepage generating device.

[0016] Furthermore, in step S3, the osmotic pressure generation process is:

[0017] Step S311: starting an external seepage generation device to perform seepage simulation on the experimental soil;

[0018] Step S312: the seepage water provided by the external seepage generating device enters the pressure equalizing groove of the pad through the seepage inflow hole for pressure equalizing and flow diversion;

[0019] Step S313: A plurality of seepage holes are provided below the pressure-equalizing grooves, and the seepage water infiltrates into the experimental soil through the seepage holes, exerting osmotic pressure on the experimental soil.

[0020] Furthermore, in step S3, the first confining pressure water inlet hole is connected to an external confining pressure generating device.

[0021] Furthermore, in step S3, the confining pressure generation process is:

[0022] Step S321: starting the external confining pressure generating device to apply confining pressure to the inner wall and the test soil;

[0023] Step S322: The confining pressure water enters the confining pressure cavity between the inner wall and the outer frame through the first confining pressure water inlet hole and the second confining pressure water inlet hole, thereby applying confining pressure to the inner wall and the test soil.

[0024] Furthermore, in step S322, four groups of first confining pressure water holes and second confining pressure water holes are symmetrically arranged, and the confining pressure cavity is divided into four side cavities by four baffles; the four groups of confining pressure water holes respectively inject water into the four side cavities, and the pressure of the four side cavities is independently controlled, thereby independently controlling the confining pressure in four directions of the experimental soil.

[0025] Furthermore, the external seepage generating device and the external confining pressure generating device are water pumps or hydraulic pumps.

[0026] Furthermore, in step S4, the dynamic deformation process of the experimental soil is:

[0027] Step S41: an external motor control system controls the guide rail linear slides of the multiple telescopic rod assemblies to move independently;

[0028] Step S42: multiple sets of guide rail linear slides drive multiple sets of control links to independently move; the control link of the first telescopic rod assembly is used to drive the track wheel to move; the control link of the second telescopic rod assembly drives the control wheel to move; the control link of the third telescopic rod assembly drives the permeable track to deform;

[0029] Step S43: When the position and shape of the permeable crawler change, the experimental soil above can be deformed, thereby realizing the seepage simulation of the deformed soil.

[0030] Furthermore, in step S42, the track wheels can rotate relative to the control link and the permeable track, and the heights of both ends of the permeable track are determined by determining the positions of the two track wheels; the shape of the permeable track is determined by adjusting the displacement of the third telescopic rod assembly; and the permeable track is tensioned by adjusting the position of the control wheel.

[0031] Furthermore, the seepage simulation device comprises: an experimental soil body, a confining pressure control component, a seepage control component and a soil body dynamic deformation control mechanism; wherein the confining pressure control component is a cylindrical structure, and the experimental soil body is arranged inside the confining pressure control component; the soil body dynamic deformation control mechanism is arranged below the experimental soil body, and is used to control the deformation of the experimental soil body; the seepage control component is arranged above the experimental soil body and is fixedly connected to the confining pressure control component; the seepage control component can allow liquid water to penetrate into the experimental soil body; the seepage control component comprises: an upper cover and a pad; the pad is arranged between the upper cover and the experimental soil body; the confining pressure control component comprises: an outer frame and an inner wall; the inner wall is arranged inside the outer frame and forms a confining pressure cavity with the outer frame; the soil body dynamic deformation mechanism comprises: track wheels, control wheels and permeable tracks.

[0032] Specifically, two track wheels are provided, and the heights of the two track wheels are independently controlled by two sets of telescopic rod assemblies; the permeable track is sleeved on the outside of the two track wheels, and the permeable track is used to support the experimental soil.

[0033] Furthermore, the control wheel is arranged between the two track wheels, and the control wheel is driven to move by the telescopic rod assembly.

[0034] Specifically, the telescopic rod assembly includes: a first telescopic rod assembly, a second telescopic rod assembly and a third telescopic rod assembly; the track wheel is driven to move through the first telescopic rod assembly; the control wheel is driven to move through the second telescopic rod assembly; the third telescopic rod assembly is connected to the permeable track to drive the deformation of the permeable track.

[0035] Furthermore, the telescopic rod assembly is arranged on the lower cover; the bottom of the outer frame is fixedly connected to the lower cover; and the inner side of the inner wall is also provided with supporting structural steel.

[0036] Furthermore, the outer frame and the inner wall are both rectangular cylindrical structures; four baffles are evenly arranged between the outer frame and the inner wall, and the four baffles divide the confining pressure cavity into four side cavities.

[0037] Specifically, a first confining pressure water hole is arranged on the upper cover, and a second confining pressure water hole is arranged on the pad; the first confining pressure water hole can be connected to an external confining pressure generating device; the first confining pressure water hole is connected to the second confining pressure water hole, and four first confining pressure water holes and four second confining pressure water holes are each provided; the four second confining pressure water holes are respectively connected to four side cavities.

[0038] The technical solution of the present invention can achieve at least one of the following effects:

[0039] 1. The method for simulating seepage of dynamically deformed soil of the present invention is composed of an experimental soil part, a confining pressure control part, a seepage control part and a soil dynamic deformation control part. The confining pressure control part controls the confining pressure of the experimental soil and can control the surrounding pressures separately according to needs; the seepage control part controls the seepage of the soil; the soil dynamic deformation control part controls the dynamic deformation of the soil by performing point-by-point control on the track support of the water-blocking plate at the bottom of the soil; a seepage simulation experiment of the dynamic change of the soil is carried out under the dynamic deformation state of the soil, the seepage water is collected and analyzed in real time, and the seepage simulation of the soil in the dynamic deformation state is realized.

[0040] 2. The dynamic deformation soil seepage simulation method of the present invention performs a dynamic change soil seepage experiment on the experimental soil through seepage and confining pressure control, and can control the experimental soil to dynamically change to simulate the soil seepage under the influence of mining, and can record and analyze the seepage water in real time. The influence of mining disturbance on the seepage state can be obtained, the distortion or inaccuracy of the simulation state can be avoided, and the dynamic deformation analysis of the experimental soil can be realized.

[0041] 3. The dynamic deformation soil seepage simulation method of the present invention sets a baffle to divide the confining pressure cavity outside the inner wall into four side cavities. At the same time, the confining pressure control system can control the confining pressure of the four side cavities around the inner wall respectively, so as to realize the simulation of the soil seepage state under different confining pressure states, have better applicability and can realize more accurate soil dynamic simulation.

[0042] 4. The dynamic deformation soil seepage simulation method of the present invention can simulate the seepage conditions of the experimental soil under different osmotic pressures, different confining pressures and different soil deformation states by changing the osmotic pressure, confining pressure and dynamic deformation strength of the soil during the seepage simulation process, and obtain the influence of different osmotic pressures, different confining pressures and different soil deformation states on the seepage.

[0043] In the present invention, the above-mentioned technical solutions can also be combined with each other to achieve more preferred combination solutions. Other features and advantages of the present invention will be described in the subsequent description, and some advantages can become obvious from the description, or can be understood by practicing the present invention. The purpose and other advantages of the present invention can be realized and obtained through the contents particularly pointed out in the description and the drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0044] The drawings are only for the purpose of illustrating particular embodiments and are not to be considered limiting of the present invention. Like reference symbols denote like components throughout the drawings.

[0045] Figure 1 It is a flow chart of the seepage simulation method of the dynamic deformation soil body of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 2 A cross-sectional view of a dynamic deformation soil seepage simulation device of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the dynamic deformation of the device is a cross-sectional view of the dynamic deformation soil seepage simulation device of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the installation of the baffle of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 5 is a perspective view of the upper cover of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 6 is a perspective view of an outer frame of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 7 is a perspective view of a pad of the present invention;

[0052] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the lower cover of the present invention;

[0053] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the track wheel and the control wheel of the present invention;

[0054] Fig.10 is a schematic diagram of a water-permeable crawler of the present invention;

[0055] Fig.11 It is a schematic diagram of the installation of the control connecting rod of the present invention;

[0056] Fig.12 is a schematic diagram of a guide rail linear slide of the present invention;

[0057] Fig.13 It is a schematic diagram of the supporting structure steel of the present invention.

[0058] Reference numerals:

[0059] 01-upper cover; 02-outer frame; 03-pad; 04-inner wall; 05-lower cover; 06-track wheel; 07-permeable track; 08-control wheel; 09-control link; 10-guide rail linear slide; 11-support structure steel; 12-baffle;

[0060] 0101-first through hole; 0102-second through hole; 0103-infiltration water hole; 0104-first surrounding pressure water hole;

[0061] 0201-third through hole; 0202-fourth through hole; 0203-step opening; 0204-groove;

[0062] 0301-first threaded hole; 0302-second water hole; 0303-pressure-equalizing slot; 0304-seepage hole;

[0063] 0501-fifth through hole; 0502-straight slot;

[0064] 0601-toothed structure; 0602-sixth through hole;

[0065] 0701-Steel structure crawler; 0702-Loose permeable board; 0703-Gap;

[0066] 0901-crossbar; 0902-telescopic rod; 0903-fixed platform;

[0067] 1001-motor; 1002-guide rail; 1003-second threaded hole;

[0068] 1101 - first support plate; 1102 - second support plate; 1103 - fixed structure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0069] The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein the accompanying drawings constitute a part of the present invention and are used together with the embodiments of the present invention to illustrate the principles of the present invention, but are not used to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0070] A specific embodiment of the present invention, as Figure 1 As shown, a seepage simulation method for dynamically changing soil is provided, which is used to perform a seepage experiment of dynamically changing soil, and specifically comprises the following steps:

[0071] (1) Step S1: Sample preparation and filling of the experimental soil.

[0072] Specifically, in step S1, before the experimental soil is filled in the inner wall 04, the seepage water analysis system is initialized, and the motor is controlled by the external motor control system to drive the slide and the control link 09 to the initial position.

[0073] Specifically, the experimental soil is loaded into the inner wall 04 of the confining pressure control component of the seepage simulation device and is placed above the permeable track 07 of the dynamic deformation control component.

[0074] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, Figure 4 As shown, the confining pressure control assembly includes: an outer frame 02 and an inner wall 04; the outer frame 02 is made of a rigid metal material; the inner wall 04 is arranged inside the outer frame 02 and forms a confining pressure cavity with the outer frame 02; the inner wall 04 is made of a flexible, impermeable material.

[0075] Specifically, the water-permeable crawler 07 is placed in the inner wall 04 , and the upper surface of the water-permeable crawler 07 has the same cross-sectional shape as that of the inner wall 04 .

[0076] (2) Step S2: Install the pad 03 and the upper cover 01 above the test soil mass and fix them to the outer frame 02 of the confining pressure control assembly;

[0077] Specifically, in step S2, the backing plate 03 and the upper cover 01 are first fixedly connected by the second bolts; then the upper cover 01 and the backing plate 03 are integrally installed above the outer frame 02 and fixedly connected by the first bolts.

[0078] (3) Step S3: applying confining pressure and osmotic pressure to the experimental soil;

[0079] The process of osmotic pressure generation is:

[0080] Step S311: connecting the seepage inflow hole 0103 to the external seepage generation device; starting the external seepage generation device to perform seepage simulation on the experimental soil;

[0081] Step S312: the seepage water provided by the external seepage flow generating device enters the pressure equalizing groove 0303 of the pad 03 through the seepage inflow hole 0103 for pressure equalizing and flow diversion;

[0082] Step S313: A plurality of seepage holes 0304 are provided below the pressure-equalizing groove 0303, and the seepage water infiltrates into the experimental soil through the seepage holes 0304, exerting osmotic pressure on the experimental soil.

[0083] The confining pressure generation process is:

[0084] Step S321: connecting the first confining pressure water inlet hole 0104 to the external confining pressure generating device, and starting the external confining pressure generating device to apply confining pressure to the inner wall 04 and the test soil;

[0085] Step S322: The confining pressure water enters the confining pressure cavity between the inner wall 04 and the outer frame 02 through the first confining pressure water inlet hole 0104 and the second confining pressure water inlet hole 0302, thereby applying confining pressure to the inner wall 04 and the test soil.

[0086] Furthermore, four groups of first confining pressure water holes 0104 and second confining pressure water holes 0302 are symmetrically arranged, and the confining pressure cavity is divided into four side cavities by four baffles 12; the four groups of confining pressure water holes respectively inject water into the four side cavities, and the pressure of the four side cavities is independently controlled, thereby independently controlling the confining pressure in four directions of the experimental soil.

[0087] Preferably, the external seepage generating device is a water pump or a hydraulic pump, which is connected to a water tank to provide seepage water required for seepage simulation. The external confining pressure generating device is a water pump or a hydraulic pump, which is used to inject water into the confining pressure cavity and control the pressure of the confining pressure cavity, thereby providing the circumferential confining pressure of the test soil.

[0088] (4) Step S4: Control the permeable crawler 07 to be in a static state or a dynamic deformation state, thereby driving the experimental soil to deform and realize seepage simulation.

[0089] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, Figure 1 As shown, the soil dynamic deformation mechanism includes: a lower cover 05, a track wheel 06, a permeable track 07 and a control wheel 08; two track wheels 06 are provided, and the heights of the two track wheels 06 are independently controlled by two sets of telescopic rod assemblies; the permeable track 07 is sleeved on the outside of the two track wheels 06, and the permeable track 07 is arranged below the experimental soil body to support the experimental soil body. The permeable track 07 can support the experimental soil body and allow seepage water to penetrate through. The control wheel 08 is arranged between the two track wheels 06, and the control wheel 08 is driven to move by the telescopic rod assembly to achieve the tensioning of the permeable track 07.

[0090] The telescopic rod assembly includes: a control link 09, a guide rail linear slide 10 and an external motor control system. The control link 09 is slidably mounted on the lower cover 05 of the seepage simulation device, and the guide rail linear slide 10 is connected to the control link 09 and can output linear displacement; the external motor control system is used to control multiple sets of guide rail linear slides 10. Specifically, Fig.11 As shown, the control link 09 includes: a cross bar 0901 , a telescopic rod 0902 and a fixed platform 0903 .

[0091] There are multiple telescopic rod assemblies, namely: a first telescopic rod assembly, a second telescopic rod assembly and a third telescopic rod assembly; the track wheel 06 is driven to move by the first telescopic rod assembly; the control wheel 08 is driven to move by the second telescopic rod assembly; the third telescopic rod assembly is connected to the permeable track 07, and is used to drive the deformation of the permeable track 07. The track wheel 06 and the control wheel 08 are both rotatably mounted on the crossbar 0901 of the corresponding telescopic rod assembly.

[0092] Furthermore, the track wheel 06, the permeable track 07 and the control wheel 08 are all driven to move by the telescopic rod assembly, thereby realizing the position and shape change of the permeable track 07; when the permeable track 07 is deformed, it can drive the experimental soil above it to deform.

[0093] Furthermore, according to the experimental requirements, the motor 1001 is controlled by an external motor control system to drive multiple groups of telescopic rod assemblies to move independently, and the control connecting rods 09 of the multiple groups of telescopic rod assemblies drive the track wheels 06, control wheels 08 and permeable tracks 07 to perform dynamic deformation, and then the experimental soil above is driven to deform through the permeable tracks 07 to complete the seepage simulation experiment of the dynamically deformed soil.

[0094] In step S4, the dynamic deformation process of the experimental soil is:

[0095] Step S41: the external motor control system controls the guide rail linear slides 10 of the multiple telescopic rod assemblies to move independently.

[0096] Step S42: Multiple sets of guide rail linear slides 10 drive multiple sets of control links 09 to move independently; the control link 09 of the first telescopic rod assembly is used to drive the track wheel 06 to move; the control link 09 of the second telescopic rod assembly drives the control wheel 08 to move; the control link 09 of the third telescopic rod assembly drives the permeable track 07 to deform.

[0097] Specifically, the track wheel 06 can rotate relative to the control link 09 and the permeable track 07. The height of the two ends of the permeable track 07 is determined by determining the positions of the two track wheels 06; the shape of the permeable track 07 is determined by adjusting the displacement of the third telescopic rod assembly; and the permeable track 07 is tensioned by adjusting the position of the control wheel 08.

[0098] Step S43: Figure 3 As shown, when the position and shape of the permeable track 07 change, it can drive the experimental soil above to deform, thereby realizing the seepage simulation of the deformed soil.

[0099] Furthermore, in step S4, during the seepage simulation of the dynamic soil, the seepage water analysis device records the seepage water data in real time. The seepage water analysis device can be the same device as the existing seepage simulation analysis system, or different analysis instruments can be set as needed, which will not be described in detail in the present invention.

[0100] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, a dynamic deformation soil seepage simulation device for implementing the above-mentioned seepage simulation method is provided, such as Figure 2As shown, it includes: an experimental soil body, a confining pressure control component, a seepage control component and a soil body dynamic deformation control mechanism; wherein the confining pressure control component is a cylindrical structure, and the experimental soil body is arranged inside the confining pressure control component; the soil body dynamic deformation control mechanism is arranged below the experimental soil body, and is used to control the deformation of the experimental soil body; the seepage control component is arranged above the experimental soil body and is fixedly connected to the confining pressure control component; the seepage control component can allow liquid water to penetrate into the experimental soil body.

[0101] The experimental soil is a multi-layer material composite, and the structural components of the experimental soil are determined according to the soil structure to be simulated; the outer side of the experimental soil fits the inner surface of the inner wall 04 , and the shape of the experimental soil is determined according to the inner cavity shape of the inner wall 04 .

[0102] 1) Seepage control components:

[0103] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, Figure 5 , Figure 7 As shown, the seepage control assembly includes: an upper cover 01 and a pad 03; the upper cover 01 is fixedly connected to the outer frame 02; the pad 03 is arranged between the upper cover 01 and the experimental soil; the upper cover 01 is provided with a seepage inlet hole 0103; the pad 03 is provided with a plurality of seepage holes 0304.

[0104] Specifically, Figure 5 As shown, the upper cover 01 is provided with a first through hole 0101, a second through hole 0102, a seepage inflow hole 0103 and a first confining pressure inflow hole 0104. The first through hole 0101 is used to install a first bolt and is fixedly connected to the outer frame 02 through the first bolt; the second through hole 0102 is used to install a second bolt and is fixedly connected to the pad 03 through the second bolt; the seepage inflow hole 0103 is used to connect to an external seepage generation device, thereby providing seepage water to the experimental soil; the first confining pressure inflow hole 0104 is used to connect to an external confining pressure generation device, thereby providing confining pressure control around the experimental soil.

[0105] Specifically, Figure 7 As shown, the pad 03 is provided with a first threaded hole 0301, a second water-enclosing hole 0302, a pressure-equalizing groove 0303 and a seepage hole 0304; wherein, the first threaded hole 0301 is aligned with the second through hole 0102 on the upper cover 01, and a second bolt is installed in the first threaded hole 0301 and the second through hole 0102, and the upper cover 01 and the pad 03 are fixedly connected by the second bolt.

[0106] Furthermore, a second confining pressure water hole 0302 is provided on the pad 03; the upper end of the second confining pressure water hole 0302 is aligned with and connected to the first confining pressure water hole 0104, and the lower end is connected to the confining pressure cavity between the outer frame 02 and the inner wall 04. There are four first confining pressure water holes 0104 and four second confining pressure water holes 0302; the four second confining pressure water holes 0302 are connected to four side cavities respectively. The second confining pressure water holes 0302 are used to inject liquid into the confining pressure cavity to provide the confining pressure of the test soil.

[0107] Specifically, a pressure equalizing groove 0303 is provided on the upper end surface of the pad 03, and the pressure equalizing groove 0303 is connected to the seepage inlet hole 0103 on the upper cover 01; a plurality of seepage holes 0304 are provided below the pressure equalizing groove 0303; the pressure equalizing groove 0303 and the seepage holes 0304 have the function of uniform seepage.

[0108] The seepage control component also includes an external seepage generating device.

[0109] During implementation, the external seepage generation device is connected through the seepage inlet hole 0103 reserved on the upper cover 01; the water body enters the pressure equalization slot 0303 through the seepage inlet hole 0103 for pressure equalization, and the pressure-equalized liquid enters the experimental soil from the seepage hole 0304 to achieve seepage simulation. The seepage holes 0304 are evenly set on the pad 03 to uniformly apply osmotic pressure to the experimental soil. The external confining pressure generation device has the same structure as the external seepage generation device; the external confining pressure generation device is connected to the first confining pressure inlet hole 0104, and the confining pressure water body enters the confining pressure cavity through the first confining pressure inlet hole 0104 and the second confining pressure inlet hole 0302 to provide confining pressure on the experimental soil.

[0110] 2) Confining pressure control components:

[0111] like Figure 4 , Figure 6 As shown, both the outer frame 02 and the inner wall 04 are rectangular cylindrical structures. The inner wall 04 is smaller than the outer frame 02, and the inner wall 04 is coaxially arranged with the outer frame 02. The interior of the inner wall 04 is used to fill the test soil, and the confining pressure cavity between the inner wall 04 and the outer frame 02 is used to store liquid to provide confining pressure.

[0112] Specifically, the outer frame 02 is provided with a third through hole 0201 and a fourth through hole 0202 that cooperate with the upper cover 01 and the lower cover 05 , a stepped opening 0203 that cooperates with the inner wall 04 , and a groove 0204 that cooperates with the baffle 12 for positioning.

[0113] The third through hole 0201 is used to install the first bolt, and the outer frame 02 is fixedly connected to the upper cover 01 through the first bolt. The fourth through hole 0202 is used to install the third bolt, and the outer frame 02 is fixedly connected to the lower cover 05 through the third bolt.

[0114] like Figure 2 , Figure 6 As shown, a stepped opening 0203 is provided in the middle of the outer frame 02 ; and the inner wall 04 is provided inside the stepped opening 0203 .

[0115] like Figure 6 As shown, the four inner corners of the outer frame 02 are provided with grooves 0204; correspondingly, the four outer corners of the inner wall 04 are also provided with slots; one side of the baffle 12 is inserted into the groove 0204, and the other side is inserted into the slot on the outer side of the inner wall 04. Figure 4 As shown, four baffles 12 are evenly arranged between the outer frame 02 and the inner wall 04, and the four baffles 12 divide the confining pressure cavity into four side cavities. During the experimental simulation, water is independently injected into the four side cavities through the four confining pressure water inlet holes, so that the water pressure in the four side cavities can be independently controlled. The four side cavities can apply different sizes of side pressures to the four sides of the inner wall 04 and the experimental soil body, so as to provide a more accurate circumferential confining pressure for the experimental soil body.

[0116] Furthermore, the upper part of the confining pressure control assembly is sealed by the pad 03, and the lower part of the confining pressure control assembly is sealed by the lower cover 05; wherein, the upper cover 01, the pad 03, the outer frame 02 and the lower cover 05 are all made of rigid metal materials, and the inner wall 04 is made of flexible and impermeable materials. The inner wall 04 is made of a single piece or spliced ​​flexible and impermeable material, and the shape can be adjusted as needed according to the outer shape of the experimental soil, so as to seal the experimental soil and separate and seal it.

[0117] Specifically, Figure 2 As shown, the outer side surface of the pad 03 is fitted with the inner side surface of the outer frame 02; the upper end surface of the lower cover 05 is fitted with the lower end surface of the outer frame 02. The upper end of the inner wall 04 contacts the pad 03 and is sealed through the pad 03, and the lower end of the inner wall 04 contacts the upper end surface of the lower cover 05 and is sealed through the lower cover 05. A reserved groove is set on the lower cover 05 to cooperate with the lower end of the inner wall 04 to achieve positioning and sealing; a reserved groove is set on the lower end surface of the pad 03 to cooperate with the upper end of the inner wall 04 to achieve positioning and sealing at the same time. The upper end of the baffle 12 is contacted and sealed with the pad 03, the lower end of the baffle 12 is contacted and sealed with the lower cover 05, the left side of the baffle 12 is contacted and sealed with the inner wall 04, and the right side of the baffle 12 is contacted and sealed with the outer frame 02, dividing the confining pressure cavity between the inner wall 04 and the outer frame 02 into four sealed trapezoidal side cavities. The external confining pressure generating device is connected to the four side chambers through the confining pressure water inlets reserved on the upper cover 01 and the pad 03.

[0118] When implementing, Figure 2As shown, the external confining pressure generating device is connected with the second confining pressure water hole 0302 on the pad 03 through the first confining pressure water hole 0104 reserved on the upper cover 01, and then connected with the four side cavities outside the inner wall 04 through the second confining pressure water hole 0302. By injecting liquid into the side cavity, the confining pressure is applied to the inner wall 04 and the experimental soil through the liquid pressure, so as to realize the control of the confining pressure of the external cavity of the simulation device.

[0119] 3) Dynamic deformation mechanism of soil:

[0120] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, Figure 1 As shown, the soil dynamic deformation mechanism includes: a lower cover 05, a track wheel 06, a permeable track 07 and a control wheel 08; two track wheels 06 are provided, and the heights of the two track wheels 06 are independently controlled by two sets of telescopic rod assemblies; the permeable track 07 is sleeved on the outside of the two track wheels 06, and the permeable track 07 is arranged below the experimental soil body to support the experimental soil body. The permeable track 07 can support the experimental soil body and allow seepage water to penetrate through. The control wheel 08 is arranged between the two track wheels 06, and the control wheel 08 is driven to move by the telescopic rod assembly to achieve the tensioning of the permeable track 07.

[0121] Furthermore, a telescopic rod assembly is installed on the lower cover 05, and the telescopic rod assembly drives the track wheel 06 and the control wheel 08 to move, adjusts the external position and shape of the permeable track 07, and thus realizes the dynamic deformation of the experimental soil. The telescopic rod assembly includes: a first telescopic rod assembly, a second telescopic rod assembly, and a third telescopic rod assembly; the track wheel 06 is driven to move by the first telescopic rod assembly; the control wheel 08 is driven to move by the second telescopic rod assembly; the third telescopic rod assembly is connected to the permeable track 07, and is used to drive the deformation of the permeable track 07.

[0122] Furthermore, if Fig.10 As shown, the permeable track 07 is annular and has a double-layer structure. Specifically, in a specific embodiment of the present invention, the inner layer of the permeable track 07 is a steel structure track 0701 coated with a hydrophobic material coating, and the steel structure track 0701 can cooperate with the track wheel 06 and the control wheel 08 for movement; the outer layer is a loose permeable plate 0702 coated with a hydrophobic material coating, and the upper surface of the loose permeable plate 0702 is in contact with the experimental soil; a plurality of gaps 0703 are provided between the steel structure track 0701 and the loose permeable plate 0702, and a control link 09 is installed in the gap 0703, so that the control link 09 can be connected to the permeable track 07, thereby driving the deformation of the permeable track 07 to achieve the seepage simulation of the deformed soil.

[0123] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, Figure 8As shown, the lower cover 05 is provided with a fifth through hole 0501 and a straight groove 0502; wherein the fifth through hole 0501 is used to install the third bolt to achieve a fixed connection between the lower cover 05 and the outer frame 02; and the straight groove 0502 is used to install the telescopic rod assembly.

[0124] like Fig.11 As shown, the first telescopic rod assembly, the second telescopic rod assembly and the third telescopic rod assembly have the same structure, and control the track wheel 06, the control wheel 08 and the permeable track 07 respectively.

[0125] Furthermore, the telescopic rod assembly includes: a control link 09, a guide rail linear slide 10 and an external motor control system.

[0126] Specifically, Fig.11 As shown, the control link 09 includes: a cross bar 0901 , a telescopic rod 0902 and a fixed platform 0903 .

[0127] Specifically, Fig.11 As shown, a plurality of straight grooves 0502 are arranged in parallel on the lower cover 05, and a fixed platform 0903 is installed in the straight groove 0502. The fixed platform 0903 passes through the straight groove 0502, and one end of the fixed platform 0903 is fixedly connected to the telescopic rod 0902, and the other end is fixedly connected to the slide 1003 on the guide rail linear slide 10. The telescopic rod 0902 is arranged on both sides of the cross bar 0901, and forms a door-type structure with the cross bar 0901; the upper end of the telescopic rod 0902 is fixedly connected to the cross bar 0901, and the lower end is fixedly connected to the fixed platform 0903; when the fixed platform 0903 slides up and down along the straight groove 0502 driven by the guide rail linear slide 10 and the external motor control system, it can drive the cross bar 0901 to move up and down, and then drive the track wheel 06, the control wheel 08 or the permeable track 07 to move.

[0128] Furthermore, in order to ensure the sealing of the water-permeable track 07 to the inner wall 04, multiple sets of slide grooves are set on the inner side surface of the inner wall 04, and the side of the telescopic rod 0902 fits with the slide groove. When the guide rail linear slide 10 drives the telescopic rod 0902 to move up and down, the telescopic rod 0902 slides in the slide groove, and at the same time, the side of the water-permeable track 07 fits with the inner surface of the inner wall 04.

[0129] Specifically, Fig.11 As shown, multiple groups of telescopic rod assemblies are fixedly arranged on the lower cover 05; the two groups on both sides are the first telescopic rod assemblies, the middle is the second telescopic rod assembly, and the others are the third telescopic rod assemblies. The track wheel 06 is rotatably mounted on the cross bar 0901 of the control link 09 of the first telescopic rod assembly, and the track wheel 06 is sleeved on the cross bar 0901 and can rotate relatively. When the telescopic rod 0902 drives the track wheel 06 to move up and down, the track wheel 06 can rotate around the cross bar 0901, and at the same time drive the permeable track 07 to move and rotate.

[0130] Specifically, the control wheel 08 is rotatably mounted on the control link 09 of the second telescopic rod assembly in the middle, and the installation method is the same as that of the track wheel 06; after the position and shape of the permeable track 07 are adjusted, the control wheel 08 moves downward to tighten the permeable track 07, such as Figure 3 shown.

[0131] Specifically, the third telescopic rod assembly is provided with a plurality of control links 09, and the crossbar 0901 of the control link 09 passes through the gap 0703 of the water-permeable track 07. When the crossbar 0901 moves up and down, the shape of the water-permeable track 07 can be adjusted, such as Figure 3 shown.

[0132] Specifically, the guide rail linear slide 10 is connected to the outer side of the fixed platform 0903 and controls the displacement of the control link 09 .

[0133] like Fig.12 As shown, the guide rail linear slide 10 includes: a motor 1001, a guide rail 1002 and a slide 1003; the motor 1001 is a linear stepping motor capable of outputting linear displacement; the slide 1003 is mounted on the guide rail 1002 and can slide relative to the guide rail 1002; the motor 1001 enables the slide 1003 to perform precise linear motion on the guide rail 1002.

[0134] Furthermore, there is a corresponding second threaded hole 1004 on the slide 1003, which can be fixedly connected to the fixed platform 0903 of the control link 09 by screws.

[0135] Furthermore, the motor 1001 may also be replaced by a linear displacement output mechanism such as a cylinder or a hydraulic cylinder.

[0136] Specifically, the guide rail linear slide 10 is arranged below the control link 09. When the motor 1001 drives the slide 1003 to slide up and down along the guide rail 1002, the slide 1003 can drive the control link 09 to move up and down, thereby driving the track wheel 06 and the control wheel 08 to move or the permeable track 07 to deform. The external motor control system controls the control link 09, the track wheel 06, the control wheel 08 and the permeable track 07 by controlling the guide rail linear slide 10. The soil dynamic deformation control component controls the deformation of the experimental soil by controlling the deformation of the permeable track 07.

[0137] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, Fig. 9 As shown, the track wheel 06 is provided with a toothed structure 0601 to cooperate with the movement of the water-permeable track 07, and a sixth through hole 0602 is provided in the middle, and the control link 09 passes through the sixth through hole 0602 to fix the track wheel 06. The track wheel 06 plays a role in controlling the shape of the two ends of the water-permeable track 07. The control wheel 08 has the same structure as the track wheel 06 and tensions the water-permeable track 07.

[0138] Furthermore, a supporting structural steel 11 is provided on the inner side of the inner wall 04. The supporting structural steel 11 is fixedly connected to the control link 09 of the first telescopic rod assembly, and when the control link 09 drives the control wheel 08 to move, the supporting structural steel 11 also moves synchronously.

[0139] Specifically, if Fig.13 As shown, the supporting structure steel 11 includes: a first supporting plate 1101, a second supporting plate 1102 and a fixing structure 1103

[0140] Among them, the second support plate 1102 is in contact with the inner side of the inner wall 04 to support and limit the inner wall 04; the first support plate 1101 is perpendicular to the second support plate 102, and the end of the first support plate 1101 is in contact with the permeable track 07 to block the gap between the permeable track 07 and the inner wall 04, so as to support and limit the experimental soil. Figure 2 The fixed structure 1103 is fixedly connected to the crossbar 0901 of the first telescopic rod assembly through a connecting piece, so that when the track wheels 06 on both sides move up and down, the supporting structure steel 11 also moves synchronously.

[0141] During implementation, the cross bar 0901 of the first telescopic rod assembly passes through the track wheel 06 to control the movement of the track wheel 06, the track wheel 06 is rotatably installed on the cross bar 0901, and the two ends of the cross bar 0901 are fixedly connected to the supporting structural steel 11 through connecting pieces; the track wheel 06 and the supporting structural steel 11 move synchronously, and the control link 09 of the second telescopic rod assembly can pass through the control wheel 08 to control the movement of the control wheel 08; the control link 09 of the third telescopic rod assembly is embedded between the permeable plate and the structural track of the permeable track 07, driving the permeable track 07 to deform; the guide rail linear slide 10 controls the up and down displacement of multiple groups of control links 09 to achieve control of the track wheel 06, the control wheel 08 and the permeable track 07.

[0142] like Figure 3 As shown, the dynamic change process is to control the motor through the external motor control system to drive the permeable track 07 to perform static or slow dynamic deformation according to the experimental requirements.

[0143] In order to realize the seepage simulation of the experimental soil, the present invention also includes: an external confining pressure generating device, an external seepage generating device, an external motor control system and a seepage water analysis device.

[0144] The seepage water collection and analysis device is placed below the permeable track 07 and is arranged in the bottom opening of the lower cover 05; the seepage water can be analyzed in real time by weighing, current analysis and the like.

[0145] During implementation, water is injected into the confining pressure cavity between the inner wall 04 and the outer frame 02 through an external confining pressure generating device to control the size of the confining pressure borne by the experimental soil; water is injected into the equalizing pressure groove 0303 through an external seepage generating device, and infiltrates into the experimental soil through the seepage holes 0304 to perform seepage simulation; further, when performing seepage simulation on the experimental soil, the movement of multiple sets of guide rail linear slides 10 is controlled by an external motor control system, thereby changing the position and shape of the permeable crawler 07, and dynamically controlling the deformation of the experimental soil, thereby realizing dynamic seepage simulation of the deformed soil.

[0146] Compared with the prior art, the technical solution provided by this embodiment has at least one of the following beneficial effects:

[0147] 1. The dynamic deformation soil seepage simulation method of the present invention prevents the confining pressure liquid from penetrating into the experimental soil and interfering with the experiment by jointly sealing and supporting the experimental soil through the pad 03, the inner wall 04, the supporting structure steel 11, the connecting rod, etc.

[0148] 2. The dynamic deformation soil seepage simulation method of the present invention divides the confining pressure control system into four mutually independent and sealed partitions through the baffle 12, the pad 03, the inner wall 04, the outer frame 02 and the upper cover 01, and the surrounding pressure of the experimental soil can be controlled separately according to needs through the external confining pressure generating device.

[0149] 3. The dynamic deformation soil seepage simulation method of the present invention is connected through the seepage inflow hole 0103 on the upper cover 01 and the pressure equalization groove 0303 on the pad 03, and a pressure equalization cavity is formed between the pressure equalization groove 0303 and the upper cover 01, and the pressure equalization groove 0303 can provide a stable seepage pressure. The seepage liquid enters the experimental soil through the multiple seepage holes 0304 on the pressure equalization groove 0303, realizing a uniform and stable osmotic pressure effect on the experimental soil.

[0150] 4. The dynamic deformation soil seepage simulation method of the present invention can control the deformation movement of the permeable track 07 through the soil dynamic deformation control part composed of the lower cover 05, the guide rail linear slide 10, the control link 09, the permeable track 07, the supporting structure steel 11, the track wheel 06, the control wheel 08 and the external motor control system, so as to generate a void layer in the bottom layer before or during the soil sample seepage test, so as to simulate the influence of mining on the change of the stratum and realize the seepage simulation experiment of the dynamically deformed soil.

[0151] The above description is only a preferred specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by any technician familiar with the technical field within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for simulating seepage of dynamically deformed soil, characterized in that: A seepage simulation device is used to perform seepage simulation; the seepage simulation device comprises: an experimental soil body, a confining pressure control component, a seepage control component and a soil body dynamic deformation control mechanism; The confining pressure control assembly is a cylindrical structure, and the experimental soil is arranged inside the confining pressure control assembly; the soil dynamic deformation control mechanism is arranged below the experimental soil to control the deformation of the experimental soil; the seepage control assembly is arranged above the experimental soil and is fixedly connected to the confining pressure control assembly; the seepage control assembly can allow liquid water to penetrate into the experimental soil; The seepage control assembly comprises: an upper cover (01) and a pad (03); the pad (03) is arranged between the upper cover (01) and the experimental soil; The upper cover (01) is provided with a seepage inflow hole (0103) and a first confining pressure inflow hole (0104); the seepage inflow hole (0103) is used to connect to an external seepage generation device, thereby providing seepage water to the experimental soil body; the first confining pressure inflow hole (0104) is used to connect to an external confining pressure generation device, thereby providing confining pressure control around the experimental soil body; A second confining pressure water hole (0302) is provided on the pad (03); the upper end of the second confining pressure water hole (0302) is aligned with and connected to the first confining pressure water hole (0104), and the lower end is connected to the confining pressure cavity between the outer frame (02) and the inner wall (04); The confining pressure control assembly comprises: an outer frame (02) and an inner wall (04); the inner wall (04) is arranged inside the outer frame (02) and forms a confining pressure cavity with the outer frame (02); The outer frame (02) and the inner wall (04) are both rectangular cylindrical structures; the size of the inner wall (04) is smaller than that of the outer frame (02); the inner wall (04) and the outer frame (02) are coaxially arranged; the interior of the inner wall (04) is used to fill the test soil; and the confining pressure cavity between the inner wall (04) and the outer frame (02) is used to store liquid to provide confining pressure; Four baffles (12) are evenly arranged between the outer frame (02) and the inner wall (04), and the four baffles (12) divide the confining pressure cavity into four side cavities; The external confining pressure generating device is connected to the second confining pressure water hole (0302) on the pad (03) through the first confining pressure water hole (0104) reserved on the upper cover (01), and then connected to the four side cavities outside the inner wall (04) through the second confining pressure water hole (0302). By injecting liquid into the side cavity, the confining pressure is applied to the inner wall (04) and the test soil body through the liquid pressure, so as to realize the control of the confining pressure of the external cavity of the simulation device; Four groups of first confining pressure water holes (0104) and second confining pressure water holes (0302) are symmetrically arranged, and the confining pressure cavity is divided into four side cavities by four baffles (12); the four groups of confining pressure water holes respectively inject water into the four side cavities, and the pressure of the four side cavities is independently controlled, thereby independently controlling the confining pressure of the test soil in four directions; The soil dynamic deformation control mechanism comprises: a lower cover (05), track wheels (06), control wheels (08) and a permeable track (07); The permeable crawler (07) is annular; The track wheels (06) are provided with two, and the heights of the two track wheels (06) are independently controlled by two sets of telescopic rod assemblies; the permeable track (07) is sleeved on the outside of the two track wheels (06), and the permeable track (07) is arranged below the experimental soil body, and is used to support the experimental soil body; the permeable track (07) can support the experimental soil body and allow seepage water to penetrate through; the control wheel (08) is arranged between the two track wheels (06), and the control wheel (08) is driven to move by the telescopic rod assembly to achieve the tensioning of the permeable track (07); The lower cover (05) is provided with a telescopic rod assembly, and the telescopic rod assembly drives the track wheel (06) and the control wheel (08) to move, thereby adjusting the external position and shape of the permeable track (07), thereby realizing the dynamic deformation of the experimental soil body; the telescopic rod assembly comprises: a first telescopic rod assembly, a second telescopic rod assembly and a third telescopic rod assembly; the track wheel (06) is driven to move by the first telescopic rod assembly; the control wheel (08) is driven to move by the second telescopic rod assembly; the third telescopic rod assembly is connected to the permeable track (07) and is used to drive the deformation of the permeable track (07); The first telescopic rod assembly, the second telescopic rod assembly and the third telescopic rod assembly have the same structure; The telescopic rod assembly comprises: a control connecting rod (09), a guide rail linear slide (10) and an external motor control system; The seepage simulation method comprises the following steps: Step S1: preparing samples of experimental soil and filling them; Step S2: installing the pad (03) and the upper cover (01) above the test soil mass and fixing them to the confining pressure control assembly; Step S3: applying confining pressure and osmotic pressure to the experimental soil; Step S4: controlling the water-permeable crawler (07) to be in a static state or a dynamically deformed state to perform a seepage experiment; In the step S1, after the sample preparation is completed, the experimental soil is loaded into the inner wall (04) of the confining pressure control component of the seepage simulation device and placed above the permeable crawler (07) of the dynamic deformation control component; In step S3, the confining pressure generation process is as follows: Step S321: starting the external confining pressure generating device to apply confining pressure to the inner wall (04) and the test soil; Step S322: Confining pressure water enters the confining pressure cavity between the inner wall (04) and the outer frame (02) through the first confining pressure water inlet hole (0104) and the second confining pressure water inlet hole (0302), thereby applying confining pressure to the inner wall (04) and the test soil; In step S4, the dynamic deformation process of the experimental soil is: Step S41: an external motor control system controls the guide rail linear slides (10) of the multiple telescopic rod assemblies to move independently; Step S42: multiple sets of guide rail linear slides (10) drive multiple sets of control links (09) to move independently; the control link (09) of the first telescopic rod assembly is used to drive the track wheel (06) to move; the control link (09) of the second telescopic rod assembly drives the control wheel (08) to move; the control link (09) of the third telescopic rod assembly drives the permeable track (07) to deform; Step S43: When the permeable crawler (07) changes position and shape, it can drive the experimental soil above to deform, thereby realizing the seepage simulation of the deformed soil; In the step S42, the track wheel (06) can rotate relative to the control link (09) and the permeable track (07), and the heights of the two ends of the permeable track (07) are determined by determining the positions of the two track wheels (06); the shape of the permeable track (07) is determined by adjusting the displacement of the third telescopic rod assembly; and the permeable track (07) is tensioned by adjusting the position of the control wheel (08).

2. The method for simulating seepage of dynamically deformed soil according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S2, the backing plate (03) and the upper cover (01) are first fixedly connected by the second bolt; then the upper cover (01) and the backing plate (03) are integrally installed above the outer frame (02) and fixedly connected by the first bolt.

3. The method for simulating seepage of dynamically deformed soil according to claim 2, characterized in that: In the step S3, the seepage inflow hole (0103) is connected to an external seepage generation device.

4. The method for simulating seepage of dynamically deformed soil according to claim 3, characterized in that: In step S3, the osmotic pressure generation process is: Step S311: starting an external seepage generation device to perform seepage simulation on the experimental soil; Step S312: the seepage water provided by the external seepage flow generating device enters the pressure equalizing groove (0303) of the pad (03) through the seepage inflow hole (0103) for pressure equalizing and diversion; Step S313: A plurality of seepage holes (0304) are provided below the pressure-equalizing groove (0303), and the seepage water infiltrates into the experimental soil through the seepage holes (0304), exerting osmotic pressure on the experimental soil.

5. The method for simulating seepage of dynamically deformed soil according to claim 4, characterized in that: In the step S3, the first confining pressure water inlet hole (0104) is connected to the external confining pressure generating device.

6. The method for simulating seepage of dynamically deformed soil according to claim 5, characterized in that: The external seepage generating device and the external confining pressure generating device are a water pump or a hydraulic pump.

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