A method for batch separation and extraction of microplastics from film-covered farmland soil

By using ultrasonic treatment and density flotation methods in coated farmland soil, the problem of long and low efficiency of microplastic separation and extraction is solved, and efficient and rapid microplastic separation and extraction is achieved. The obtained microplastics are pure and have high recovery rate.

CN115307987BActive Publication Date: 2025-03-25XINJIANG INST OF ECOLOGY & GEOGRAPHY CHINESE ACAD OF SCI
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Patent Information

Application Number
CN202210696378.4
Authority / Receiving Office
CN · China
Patent Type
Patents(China)
Current Assignee / Owner
Filing Date
2022-06-20
Publication Date
2025-03-25
Estimated Expiration
2042-06-20

AI Technical Summary

Technical Problem

The prior art takes a long time to separate and extract microplastics in coated farmland soil, has low extraction efficiency, and is difficult to separate polyethylene microplastics, resulting in low recycling efficiency.

Method used

Ultrasonic treatment combined with density flotation was used to separate the microplastics by adding saturated sodium chloride solution and olive oil or n-hexane solution to the soil sample, and ultrasonic cleaning machine was used for ultrasonic treatment and centrifugation. Finally, the microplastics were separated and extracted by magnetic stirring and vacuum suction filtration.

Benefits of technology

The time for separation and extraction of microplastics is shortened, and the extraction efficiency is improved. The obtained microplastics are purer, and the equipment used is more common, which is suitable for batch separation and extraction of microplastics in soil.

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Abstract

The present invention belongs to the technical field of separation and extraction of microplastics, and specifically relates to a method for batch separation and extraction of microplastics in film-covered farmland soil, which can complete the extraction of microplastics in soil more quickly and efficiently by ultrasound, centrifugation, stirring and filtering in turn. The present invention utilizes the cavitation effect of ultrasonic waves to quickly and efficiently peel off, disperse and fall off the impurities attached to microplastics, and the extracted microplastics are purer; olive oil is added to the solution for separating microplastics, and the lipophilicity of plastics is utilized to avoid the influence of the density of microplastics on the extraction effect; the centrifugal process replaces the traditional static sedimentation process, shortening the extraction time; the separation and extraction method of the present invention is simple to operate and environmentally friendly, and experiments have shown that the method can separate and extract film-like PE microplastics with a particle size of 20-5000μm in batches, and the recovery rate reaches 96%±5%, and the time for completing the separation and extraction of microplastics from a single soil sample is about 30min.
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