Method for transmitting and receiving signals in a wireless communication system and device supporting the method

Abstract

Various embodiments relate to a next generation wireless communication system for supporting a higher data transmission rate than a fourth generation (4G) wireless communication system, etc. According to various embodiments, a method for transmitting and receiving signals in a wireless communication system and a device for supporting the method may be provided. Various other embodiments may be provided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] Various embodiments are directed to wireless communication systems. Background Art

[0002] As many communication devices require higher communication capacity, the necessity of mobile broadband communication that is much higher than existing radio access technologies (RATs) has increased. In addition, large-scale machine type communication (MTC) capable of providing various services at any time and any place by connecting multiple devices or things to each other has been considered in the next generation communication system. In addition, a communication system design capable of supporting services / UEs that are sensitive to reliability and latency has been discussed. Summary of the invention

[0003] Technical issues

[0004] Various embodiments may provide methods and apparatus for transmitting and receiving signals in a wireless communication system.

[0005] Various embodiments may provide a positioning method in a wireless communication system and a device for supporting the method.

[0006] Those skilled in the art will understand that the objectives that can be achieved using various embodiments are not limited to the contents specifically described above, and the above and other objectives that can be achieved by various embodiments will be more clearly understood from the following detailed description.

[0007] Technical Solution

[0008] Various embodiments may provide a method of transmitting and receiving a signal in a wireless communication system and a device for supporting the method.

[0009] According to various embodiments, a method performed by a user equipment (UE) in a wireless communication system may be provided.

[0010] According to various embodiments, the method may include the following steps: receiving information related to quasi co-location (QCL) between at least one downlink (DL) reference signal (RS) resource and at least one RS resource used for positioning; receiving the at least one RS resource used for the positioning; and based on the information related to the QCL and the quality measurement value related to each of the at least one DL RS, obtaining a compensation value for the positioning based on the difference between a first RS resource obtained from the at least one RS resource used for the positioning and a second RS resource.

[0011] According to various embodiments, the second RS resource may be obtained from at least one RS resource used for the positioning based on a propagation time associated with each of at least one DL RS resource.

[0012] According to various embodiments, the method may further include reporting measurements related to the positioning.

[0013] According to various embodiments, for the measurement value related to the positioning, one or more of the following items may be satisfied: (i) the measurement value related to the positioning is obtained based on a compensation value applied to the measurement value related to the positioning of the first RS resource, or (ii) the measurement value related to the positioning includes the measurement value related to the positioning of the first RS resource and the compensation value.

[0014] According to various embodiments, the compensation value may be obtained based on a difference between the measurement value associated with the positioning of the first RS resource and an estimated measurement value associated with the positioning for the second RS resource.

[0015] According to various embodiments, the first RS resource may be an RS resource corresponding to a maximum RSRP among at least one RS resource used for positioning.

[0016] According to various embodiments, the second RS resource may be an RS resource corresponding to a minimum propagation time among at least one RS used for positioning.

[0017] According to various embodiments, the compensation value may be obtained based on (i) the first RS resource is different from the second RS resource and (ii) a configuration related to a receive beam changing operation is not received.

[0018] According to various embodiments, based on (i) the first RS resource is different from the second RS resource and (ii) a configuration related to the receive beam changing operation is received, instead of obtaining the compensation value, the second RS resource can be obtained based on a QCL type D configuration different from the QCL type D configuration obtained from information related to the QCL.

[0019] According to various embodiments, the QCL Type D configuration obtained from the information related to the QCL may be related to data communication.

[0020] According to various embodiments, a QCL type D configuration different from the QCL type D configuration obtained from information related to the QCL may be related to positioning.

[0021] According to various embodiments, the quality measurement may be at least one of a reference signal received power (RSRP), a signal to interference plus noise ratio (SINR), or a signal to noise ratio (SNR).

[0022] According to various embodiments, a user equipment (UE) configured to operate in a wireless communication system may be provided.

[0023] According to various embodiments, a UE may include a transceiver and at least one processor coupled to the transceiver.

[0024] According to various embodiments, one or more processors may be configured to: receive information related to quasi co-location (QCL) between at least one downlink (DL) reference signal (RS) resource and at least one RS resource used for positioning; receive the at least one RS resource used for positioning; and obtain a compensation value for positioning based on a quality measurement value associated with each of the at least one DL RS, based on a first RS resource obtained from the at least one RS resource used for positioning being different from a second RS resource based on information related to the QCL.

[0025] According to various embodiments, the second RS resource may be obtained from at least one RS resource used for positioning based on a propagation time associated with each of at least one DL RS resource.

[0026] According to various embodiments, the one or more processors may be configured to report measurements related to positioning.

[0027] According to various embodiments, for the measurement value related to the positioning, one or more of the following items may be satisfied: (i) the measurement value related to the positioning is obtained based on a compensation value applied to the measurement value related to the positioning of the first RS resource; or (ii) the measurement value related to the positioning includes the measurement value related to the positioning of the first RS resource and the compensation value.

[0028] According to various embodiments, the first RS resource may be an RS resource corresponding to a maximum RSRP among at least one RS resource used for positioning.

[0029] According to various embodiments, the second RS resource may be an RS resource corresponding to a minimum propagation time among at least one RS used for positioning.

[0030] According to various embodiments, the at least one processor may be configured to communicate with at least one of a UE, a network, and an autonomous vehicle other than a vehicle including the UE.

[0031] According to various embodiments, a method performed by a base station in a wireless communication system may be provided.

[0032] According to various embodiments, the method may include the following steps: sending information related to quasi co-location (QCL) between at least one downlink (DL) reference signal (RS) resource and at least one RS resource used for positioning; sending the at least one RS resource used for positioning; and obtaining a measurement value for positioning related to a compensation value used for positioning based on the difference between the first RS resource and the second RS resource.

[0033] According to various embodiments, the first RS resource may be obtained from the at least one RS resource used for positioning based on the information related to the QCL and a quality measurement value related to each of the at least one DL RS.

[0034] According to various embodiments, the second RS resource may be obtained from at least one RS resource used for positioning based on a propagation time associated with each of at least one DL RS resource.

[0035] According to various embodiments, a base station operating in a wireless communication system may be provided.

[0036] According to various embodiments, the base station may include a transceiver and at least one processor coupled to the transceiver.

[0037] According to various embodiments, the one or more processors may be configured to: send information related to quasi co-location (QCL) between at least one downlink (DL) reference signal (RS) resource and at least one RS resource for positioning; send the at least one RS resource for positioning; and obtain a measurement value for positioning related to a compensation value for positioning based on a difference between a first RS resource and a second RS resource.

[0038] According to various embodiments, the first RS resource may be obtained from the at least one RS resource used for positioning based on the information related to the QCL and a quality measurement value related to each of the at least one DL RS.

[0039] According to various embodiments, the second RS resource is obtained from at least one RS resource used for positioning based on a propagation time associated with each of at least one DL RS resource.

[0040] According to various embodiments, an apparatus operating in a wireless communication system may be provided.

[0041] According to various embodiments, the device may include at least one processor and at least one memory storing at least one instruction for causing the at least one processor to perform a method.

[0042] According to various embodiments, the operation may include: receiving information related to quasi co-location (QCL) between at least one downlink (DL) reference signal (RS) resource and at least one RS resource used for positioning; receiving the at least one RS resource used for positioning; and based on the information related to the QCL and the quality measurement value related to each of the at least one DL RS, obtaining a compensation value for positioning based on the difference between a first RS resource obtained from the at least one RS resource used for positioning and a second RS resource.

[0043] According to various embodiments, the second RS resource may be obtained from at least one RS resource used for positioning based on a propagation time associated with each of at least one DL RS resource.

[0044] According to various embodiments, a processor-readable medium storing at least one instruction for causing at least one processor to execute a method may be provided.

[0045] According to various embodiments, the method may include the following steps: receiving information related to quasi co-location (QCL) between at least one downlink (DL) reference signal (RS) resource and at least one RS resource used for positioning; receiving the at least one RS resource used for positioning; and based on the information related to the QCL and the quality measurement value related to each of the at least one DL RS, obtaining a compensation value for positioning based on the difference between a first RS resource obtained from the at least one RS resource used for positioning and a second RS resource.

[0046] According to various embodiments, the second RS resource may be obtained from at least one RS resource used for positioning based on a propagation time associated with each of at least one DL RS resource.

[0047] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the effects that can be achieved using various embodiments are not limited to the effects specifically described above, and other advantages of various embodiments will be more clearly understood through the following detailed description in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0048] Beneficial Effects

[0049] According to various embodiments, signals can be effectively transmitted and received in a wireless communication system.

[0050] According to various embodiments, positioning can be effectively performed in a wireless communication system.

[0051] According to various embodiments, a beam for data communication and a beam for positioning may be provided separately.

[0052] According to various embodiments, positioning accuracy can be improved.

[0053] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the effects that can be achieved using various embodiments are not limited to the effects specifically described above, and other advantages of various embodiments will be more clearly understood through the following detailed description in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0054] The accompanying drawings are provided to help understand the various embodiments and detailed descriptions. However, the technical features of the various embodiments are not limited to specific drawings, and the features disclosed in each drawing can be combined with each other to form new embodiments. The reference numerals in each drawing represent structural elements.

[0055] Figure 1 is a diagram illustrating physical channels that can be used in various embodiments and a signal transmission method using the physical channels.

[0056] Figure 2 This is a diagram illustrating a radio frame structure in a new radio access technology (NR) system to which various embodiments are applicable.

[0057] Figure 3 An exemplary resource grid to which various embodiments may be applicable is illustrated.

[0058] Figure 4 is a diagram illustrating mapping of physical channels in time slots to which various embodiments are applicable.

[0059] Figure 5 is a diagram illustrating a positioning protocol configuration for positioning a user equipment (UE), to which various embodiments are applicable.

[0060] Figure 6 An exemplary system architecture for measuring the positioning of a UE to which various embodiments may be applicable is illustrated.

[0061] Figure 7 An implementation example of a network for UE positioning is illustrated.

[0062] Figure 8 is a diagram illustrating protocol layers for supporting LTE Positioning Protocol (LPP) message transmission, to which various embodiments may be applicable.

[0063] Fig. 9 is a diagram illustrating protocol layers for supporting NR Positioning Protocol a (NRPPa) protocol data unit (PDU) transmission, to which various embodiments may be applied.

[0064] Fig.10 is a diagram illustrating an observed time difference of arrival (OTDOA) positioning method to which various embodiments are applicable.

[0065] Fig.11is a diagram illustrating a multi-round trip time (multi-RTT) positioning method to which various embodiments are applicable.

[0066] Fig.12 is a simplified diagram illustrating methods of operating a UE, a transmission and reception point (TRP), a location server and / or a location management function (LMF) according to various embodiments.

[0067] Fig.13 is a simplified diagram illustrating methods of operating a UE, a TRP, a location server and / or a LMF according to various embodiments.

[0068] Fig.14 An example of multipath signal transmission / reception to which various embodiments are applicable is shown.

[0069] Fig.15 is a diagram illustrating exemplary beamforming using SSB and CSI-RS to which various embodiments are applicable.

[0070] Fig.16 is a diagram illustrating a signal flow of an exemplary DL BM process using SSB to which various embodiments may be applicable.

[0071] Fig.17 FIG. 5 is an illustration of an exemplary DL BM procedure using CSI-RS to which various embodiments may be applicable.

[0072] Fig.18 is a diagram illustrating a signal flow of an exemplary Rx beam determination process of a UE to which various embodiments are applicable.

[0073] Fig.19 is a diagram illustrating an exemplary Tx beam determination process of a BS to which various embodiments are applicable.

[0074] Fig. 20 is an example illustrating resource allocation in the time domain and the frequency domain to which various embodiments are applicable.

[0075] Fig.21 is an illustration of an exemplary UL BM procedure using SRS to which various embodiments are applicable.

[0076] Fig. 22 is a diagram illustrating a signal flow of an exemplary UL BM procedure using SRS to which various embodiments are applicable.

[0077] Fig.23 is a diagram illustrating an exemplary process for controlling UL transmit power to which various embodiments are applicable.

[0078] Fig.24 is a diagram schematically illustrating a method of operating a UE and a network node according to various embodiments.

[0079] Fig.25 is a flowchart illustrating a method of operating a UE according to various embodiments.

[0080] Fig.26 is a flow chart illustrating a method of operating a network node according to various embodiments.

[0081] Fig. 27 is a block diagram illustrating a device for implementing various embodiments.

[0082] Fig.28 An exemplary communication system to which various embodiments are applied is illustrated.

[0083] Fig.29 An exemplary wireless device to which various embodiments may be applicable is illustrated.

[0084] Fig.30 Other exemplary wireless devices to which various embodiments are applicable are illustrated.

[0085] Fig.31 An exemplary portable device to which various embodiments are applied is illustrated.

[0086] Fig.32 Exemplary vehicles or autonomous driving vehicles to which various embodiments may be applicable are illustrated. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0087] Various embodiments may be applied to various wireless access technologies such as code division multiple access (CDMA), frequency division multiple access (FDMA), time division multiple access (TDMA), orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA), and single carrier frequency division multiple access (SC-FDMA). CDMA may be implemented as a wireless technology such as Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (UTRA) or CDMA2000. TDMA (Time Division Multiple Access) may be implemented as a radio technology such as Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) / General Packet Radio Service (GPRS) / Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution (EDGE). OFDMA may be implemented as a radio technology such as Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 802.11 (Wireless Fidelity (Wi-Fi)), IEEE 802.16 (Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access (WiMAX)), IEEE 802.20, and Evolved UTRA (E-UTRA). UTRA is part of Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS). 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) Long Term Evolution (LTE) is a part of Evolved UMTS (E-UMTS) using E-UTRA, and LTE-Advanced (A) is an evolved version of 3GPP LTE. 3GPP NR (New Radio or New Radio Access Technology) is an evolved version of 3GPP LTE / LTE-A.

[0088] For clarity of description, various embodiments are described in the context of 3GPP communication systems (e.g., including LTE, NR, 6G, and next-generation wireless communication systems), and the technical spirit of the various embodiments is not limited to the 3GPP communication system. For background technology, the terms and abbreviations used in the description of various embodiments refer to the technical specifications published before this disclosure. For example, you can refer to 3GPP TS 36.211, 3GPP TS 36.212, 3GPP TS 36.213, 3GPP TS 36.300, 3GPPTS 36.321, 3GPP TS 36.331, 3GPP TS 36.355, 3GPP TS 36.455, 3GPP TS 37.355, 3GPP TS37.455, 3GPP TS 38.211, 3GPP TS 38.212, 3GPP TS 38.213, 3GPP TS 38.214, 3GPP TS38.215, 3GPP TS 38.300, 3GPP TS 38.321, 3GPP TS 38.331, 3GPP TS 38.355, 3GPP TS38.455 and other documents.

[0089] 1.3GPP system

[0090] 1.1. Physical Channel and Signal Transmission and Reception

[0091] In a wireless access system, a UE receives information from a base station on a downlink (DL) and transmits information to a base station on an uplink (UL). The information transmitted and received between the UE and the base station includes general data information and various types of control information. Depending on the type / purpose of the information transmitted and received between the base station and the UE, there are many physical channels.

[0092] Figure 1 is a diagram illustrating physical channels that can be used in various embodiments and a signal transmission method using the physical channels.

[0093] In step S11, when the power is turned on or when the UE initially enters the cell, the UE performs an initial cell search involving synchronization with the BS. For the initial cell search, the UE receives a synchronization signal block (SSB). The SSB includes a primary synchronization signal (PSS), a secondary synchronization signal (SSS), and a physical broadcast channel (PBCH). The UE synchronizes with the BS and acquires information such as a cell identifier (ID) based on the PSS / SSS. The UE can then receive broadcast information from the cell on the PBCH. In addition, during the initial cell search, the UE can also check the downlink channel status by receiving a downlink reference signal (DLRS).

[0094] In step S12, after the initial cell search, the UE may acquire more specific system information by receiving a physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) and receiving a physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) based on information of the PDCCH.

[0095] Subsequently, in order to complete the connection to the eNB, the UE may perform a random access procedure with the eNB (S13 to S16). In the random access procedure, the UE may transmit a preamble on a physical random access channel (PRACH) (S13), and may receive a random access response (RAR) for the preamble on a PDCCH and a PDSCH associated with the PDCCH (S14). The UE may transmit a physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) by using scheduling information in the RAR (S15), and perform a contention resolution procedure including reception of a PDCCH signal and a PDSCH signal corresponding to the PDCCH signal (S16).

[0096] In addition to the above-mentioned 4-step random access procedure (4-step RACH procedure or type 1 random access procedure), when the random access procedure is performed in two steps (2-step RACH procedure or type 2 random access procedure), steps S13 and S15 can be performed as a UE sending operation (for example, an operation of sending message A (MsgA) including a PRACH preamble code and / or PUSCH), and steps S14 and S16 can be performed as a BS sending operation (for example, an operation of sending message B (MsgB) including RAR and / or contention resolution information).

[0097] After the above process, in a general UL / DL signal transmission process, the UE may receive a PDCCH and / or a PDSCH from the BS (S17) and transmit a PUSCH and / or a physical uplink control channel (PUCCH) to the BS (S18).

[0098] The control information sent by the UE to the BS is generally called uplink control information (UCI). UCI includes hybrid automatic repeat and request acknowledgement / negative acknowledgement (HARQ-ACK / NACK), scheduling request (SR), channel quality indicator (CQI), precoding matrix index (PMI), rank indicator (RI), etc.

[0099] Typically, UCI is sent periodically on the PUCCH. However, if control information and service data should be sent simultaneously, control information and service data may be sent on the PUSCH. In addition, UCI may be sent aperiodically on the PUSCH when a request / command is received from the network.

[0100] 1.2. Physical Resources

[0101] Figure 2 This is a diagram illustrating a radio frame structure in an NR system to which various embodiments are applicable.

[0102] The NR system can support multiple parameter sets. The parameter set can be defined by subcarrier spacing (SCS) and cyclic prefix (CP) overhead. Multiple SCSs can be derived by scaling the default SCS by an integer N (or μ). In addition, even assuming that a very small SCS is not used at a very high carrier frequency, the parameter set to be used can be selected independently of the frequency band of the cell. In addition, the NR system can support various frame structures based on multiple parameter sets.

[0103] Now, a description of OFDM parameter sets and frame structures that can be considered for the NR system will be given. Multiple OFDM parameter sets supported by the NR system can be defined as listed in Table 1. For the bandwidth part (BWP), μ and CP are obtained from the RRC parameters provided by the BS.

[0104] [Table 1]

[0105] μ <![CDATA[Δf=2 μ ·15[kHz]]]> Cyclic prefix 0 15 normal 1 30 normal 2 60 Normal, Extended 3 120 normal 4 240 normal

[0106] In NR, multiple parameter sets (e.g., SCS) are supported to support various 5G services. For example, SCS of 15kHz supports wide areas in cellular bands, SCS of 30kHz / 60kHz supports dense urban areas, lower latency and wider carrier bandwidth, and SCS of 60kHz or higher supports bandwidths greater than 24.25GHz to overcome phase noise.

[0107] The NR band is defined by two types of frequency ranges FR1 and FR2. FR1 may be a range below 6 GHz, and FR2 may be a range above 6 GHz, ie, a millimeter wave (mmWave) band.

[0108] Table 2 below defines the NR frequency bands by way of example.

[0109] [Table 2]

[0110] Frequency range specification Corresponding frequency range Subcarrier spacing FR1 410MHz-7125MHz 15, 30, 60kHz FR2 24250MHz-52600MHz 60, 120, 240kHz

[0111] Regarding the frame structure in the NR system, the time domain size of various fields is expressed as a multiple of the basic time unit of NR, T c =1 / (Δf max *N f ), where Δf max =480*10 3 Hz, and a value N related to the Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) size or the Inverse Fast Fourier Transform (IFFT) sizef Given as N f =4096. c and T as the LTE-based time unit and sampling time s (Given as T s =1 / ((15kHz)*2048) is placed in the following relationship: T s / T c = 64. DL and UL transmissions are organized into (radio) frames, each with T f =(Δf max *N f / 100)*T c =10ms duration. Each radio frame consists of 10 subframes, each subframe has T sf =(Δf max *N f / 1000)*T c =1 ms duration. There may be one set of frames for UL and one set of frames for DL. For parameter set μ, slots are spaced in n subframes. μ s ∈{0,...,N slot，μ subframe -1}, and the number of μ s，f ∈{0,...,N slot，μ frame -1} in increasing order. A time slot includes N μ symb consecutive OFDM symbols, and N μ symb Depends on CP. Slot n in a subframe μ s The start time is the same as OFDM symbol n in the same subframe μ s *N μ symb Start alignment.

[0112] Table 3 lists the number of symbols in each time slot of each SCS, the number of time slots in each frame, and the number of time slots in each subframe under normal CP, and Table 4 lists the number of symbols in each time slot of each SCS, the number of time slots in each frame, and the number of time slots in each subframe under extended CP.

[0113] [Table 3]

[0114]

[0115] [Table 4]

[0116]

[0117] In the above table, N slot symb Indicates the number of symbols in a time slot, N frame，μ slot Indicates the number of time slots in a frame, N subframe，μ slot Indicates the number of time slots in a subframe.

[0118] In an NR system to which various embodiments are applicable, different OFDM(A) values ​​(e.g., SCS, CP length, etc.) may be configured for a plurality of cells aggregated for one UE. Therefore, an (absolute time) period (for convenience, generally referred to as a time unit (TU)) of a time resource including the same number of symbols (e.g., a subframe (SF), a time slot, or a TTI) may be configured differently for the aggregated cells.

[0119] Figure 2 An example of μ=2 (i.e., SCS of 60 kHz) is illustrated, where referring to Table 6, one subframe may include four time slots. Figure 2 In the embodiment, one subframe={1, 2, 4} time slots are exemplary, and the number of time slots that can be included in one subframe is defined as listed in Table 3 or Table 4.

[0120] Furthermore, a mini-slot may include 2, 4 or 7 symbols, less than 2 symbols or more than 7 symbols.

[0121] Regarding the physical resources in the NR system, antenna ports, resource grids, resource elements (REs), resource blocks (RBs), carrier parts, etc. can be considered. The physical resources in the NR system will be described in detail below.

[0122] The antenna ports are defined so that the channel on which a symbol is transmitted on the antenna port can be inferred from the channel on which another symbol is transmitted on the same antenna port. When the large-scale characteristics of the channel carrying the symbol on one antenna port can be inferred from the channel carrying the symbol on another antenna port, the two antenna ports are said to be in a quasi-co-sited or quasi-co-sited (QCL) relationship. The large-scale characteristics include one or more of delay spread, Doppler spread, frequency shift, average received power, receive timing, average delay, and spatial receive (Rx) parameters. Spatial Rx parameters refer to spatial (Rx) channel characteristic parameters such as angle of arrival.

[0123] Figure 3 An exemplary resource grid to which various embodiments may be applicable is illustrated.

[0124] Reference Figure 3 For each subcarrier spacing (SCS) and carrier, a resource grid is defined as 14×2 μ OFDM symbols times subcarriers, where Indicated by RRC signaling from the BS. May vary depending on the SCS configuration μ and the transmission direction UL or DL. There is one resource grid for SCS configuration μ, antenna port p, and transmission direction (UL or DL). Each element of the resource grid for SCS configuration μ and antenna port p is called RE and is uniquely identified by an index pair (k, l), where k represents the index in the frequency domain and l represents the symbol position in the frequency domain relative to the reference point. RE (k, l) for SCS configuration μ and antenna port p corresponds to a physical resource and a complex value RB is defined as consecutive subcarriers.

[0125] Considering that the UE may not be able to support the wide bandwidth supported in the NR system, the UE may be configured to operate in a portion of the frequency bandwidth of the cell (bandwidth part (BWP)).

[0126] Figure 4 is a diagram illustrating an exemplary mapping of physical channels in time slots to which various embodiments may apply.

[0127] A time slot may include all DL control channels, DL or UL data, and UL control channels. For example, the first N symbols of a time slot may be used to send a DL control channel (hereinafter referred to as a DL control region), and the last M symbols of a time slot may be used to send a UL control channel (hereinafter referred to as an UL control region). Each of N and M is an integer equal to or greater than 0. The resource region (hereinafter referred to as a data region) between the DL control region and the UL control region may be used to send DL data or UL data. There may be a time gap between the control region and the data region for DL ​​to UL or UL to DL switching. PDCCH may be sent in the DL control region, and PDSCH may be sent in the DL data region. Some symbols at the DL to UL switching time in a time slot may be used as time gaps.

[0128] As described below, the BS transmits a related signal to the UE on a DL channel, and the UE receives a related signal from the BS on the DL channel.

[0129] PDSCH transmits DL data (e.g., DL shared channel transport block (DL-SCH TB)) and uses modulation schemes such as quadrature phase shift keying (QPSK), 16-ary quadrature amplitude modulation (16QAM), 64QAM, or 256QAM. TB is encoded into codewords. PDSCH can transmit up to two codewords. Scrambling and modulation mapping are performed based on the codewords, and the modulation symbols generated from each codeword are mapped to one or more layers (layer mapping). Each layer is mapped to a resource together with a demodulation reference signal (DMRS), generated as an OFDM symbol signal, and sent through the corresponding antenna port.

[0130] PDCCH can transfer downlink control information (DCI) (e.g., DL data scheduling information, UL data scheduling information, etc.) PUCCH can transfer uplink control information (UCI) (e.g., acknowledgement / negative acknowledgement (ACK / NACK) information for DL ​​data, channel state information (CSI), scheduling request (SR), etc.).

[0131] PDCCH carries downlink control information (DCI) and is modulated with quadrature phase shift keying (QPSK). One PDCCH includes 1, 2, 4, 8 or 16 control channel elements (CCEs) depending on the aggregation level (AL). One CCE includes 6 resource element groups (REGs). One REG is defined by one OFDM symbol multiplied by one (P)RB.

[0132] PDCCH is transmitted in a control resource set (CORESET). A CORESET is defined as a set of REGs with a given parameter set (e.g., SCS, CP length, etc.). Multiple CORESETs for one UE may overlap each other in the time / frequency domain. A CORESET may be configured by system information (e.g., a master information block (MIB)) or by UE-specific high-layer (RRC) signaling. Specifically, the number of RBs and the number of symbols (up to 3 symbols) included in a CORESET may be configured by high-layer signaling.

[0133] The UE obtains the DCI delivered on the PDCCH by decoding the PDCCH candidate set (so-called blind decoding). The set of PDCCH candidates decoded by the UE is defined as the PDCCH search space set. The search space set can be a common search space (CSS) or a UE-specific search space (USS). The UE can obtain DCI by monitoring the PDCCH candidates in one or more search space sets configured by MIB or higher layer signaling.

[0134] The UE transmits a relevant signal to the BS on a UL channel described later, and the BS receives a relevant signal from the UE on the UL channel.

[0135] The PUSCH transmits UL data (e.g., UL shared channel transport block (UL-SCHTB)) and / or UCI in a cyclic prefix-orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (CP-OFDM) waveform or a discrete Fourier transform-spread-orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (DFT-s-OFDM) waveform. If the PUSCH is sent in a DFT-s-OFDM waveform, the UE sends the PUSCH by applying transform precoding. For example, if transform precoding is not possible (e.g., transform precoding is disabled), the UE may send the PUSCH in a CP-OFDM waveform, and if transform precoding is possible (e.g., transform precoding is enabled), the UE may send the PUSCH in a CP-OFDM waveform or a DFT-s-OFDM waveform. PUSCH transmission may be dynamically scheduled by UL grant in DCI or semi-statically scheduled by higher layer signaling (e.g., RRC signaling (and / or layer (L1) signaling (e.g., PDCCH)) (configuration grant). PUSCH transmission may be performed in a codebook-based or non-codebook-based manner.

[0136] The PUCCH delivers UCI, HARQ-ACK and / or SR, and is classified as a short PUCCH or a long PUCCH according to a transmission duration of the PUCCH.

[0137] 1.3.QCL (quasi-co-location)

[0138] A UE may receive a list of up to M TCI state configurations to decode the PDSCH based on detected PDCCH carrying DCI destined for the UE and a given cell. M depends on the UE capabilities.

[0139] Each TCI-State includes parameters for establishing a QCL relationship between one or two DL RSs and PDSCH DMRS ports. The QCL relationship is established using RRC parameters qcl-Type1 for the first DL RS and qcl-Type2 (if configured) for the second DL RS.

[0140] The QCL type of each DL RS is given by a parameter 'qcl-Type' included in QCL-Info and may have one of the following values.

[0141] - "QCL-TypeA": {Doppler shift, Doppler spread, average delay, delay spread}

[0142] - "QCL-TypeB": {Doppler shift, Doppler spread}

[0143] - "QCL-TypeC": {Doppler shift, average delay}

[0144] - "QCL-TypeD": {spatial Rx parameters}

[0145] For example, when the target antenna port is used for a specific NZP CSI-RS, the corresponding NZP CSI-RS antenna port may be indicated / configured to perform QCL with a specific TRS from the perspective of QCL-type A, and to perform QCL with a specific SSB from the perspective of QCL type D. Upon receiving this indication / configuration, the UE may receive the NZP CSI-RS using the Doppler value and delay value measured in the QCL-type A TRS, and apply the Rx beam for receiving the QCL-type D SSB to receive the NZP CSI-RS.

[0146] 2. Positioning

[0147] Positioning may refer to determining the geographic location and / or velocity of the UE based on measurements of radio signals. Location information may be requested by a client (e.g., an application) associated with the UE and reported to the client. Location information may also be requested by a client within or connected to the core network. Location information may be reported in a standard format such as a cell-based or geographic coordinate format along with an estimated error of the UE's location and velocity and / or a positioning method used for positioning.

[0148] 2.1. Positioning protocol configuration

[0149] Figure 5 is a diagram illustrating an exemplary positioning protocol configuration for positioning a UE, to which various embodiments are applicable.

[0150] Reference Figure 5 , LTE Positioning Protocol (LPP) can be used as a point-to-point protocol between a location server (E-SMLC and / or SLP and / or LMF) and a target device (UE and / or SET) for positioning the target device using location-related measurements obtained from one or more reference resources. The target device and the location server can exchange measurements and / or location information based on signal A and / or signal B on the LPP.

[0151] NRPPa may be used for information exchange between reference resources (access nodes and / or BSs and / or TPs and / or NG-RAN nodes) and location servers.

[0152] The NRPPa protocol can provide the following functions.

[0153] - E-CID location information transfer. This function allows the reference resource to exchange location information with the LMF for the purpose of E-CID positioning.

[0154] -OTDOA information transfer. This function allows the reference resource to exchange information with the LMF for the purpose of OTDOA positioning.

[0155] - General error condition reporting. This feature allows reporting of general error conditions for which no function specific error messages are defined.

[0156] 2.2.PRS (Positioning Reference Signal)

[0157] For such positioning, a Positioning Reference Signal (PRS) may be used. The PRS is a reference signal used to estimate the position of the UE.

[0158] The positioning frequency layer may include one or more PRS resource sets, each PRS resource set including one or more PRS resources.

[0159] Sequence Generation

[0160] The PRS sequence r(m) (m=0, 1, . . . ) can be defined by Formula 1.

[0161] [Formula 1]

[0162]

[0163] c(i) can be a pseudo-random sequence. The pseudo-random sequence generator can be initialized by equation 2.

[0164] [Formula 2]

[0165]

[0166] It can be the timeslot number in the frame in the SCS configuration μ. DL PRS sequence ID It can be given by a higher-layer parameter (eg, DL-PRS-SequenceId). l can be the OFDM symbol in the time slot to which the sequence is mapped.

[0167] Mapping of physical resources to DL PRS resources

[0168] Specifically, through equation 3, the PRS sequence r(m) can be obtained by PRS Scale and map to RE(k,l) p，μ . (k, 1) p，μ The RE(k, l) of antenna port p and SCS configuration μ can be represented.

[0169] [Formula 3]

[0170]

[0171] m=0,1,…

[0172]

[0173]

[0174] In this article, the following conditions must be met:

[0175] -RE(k, l) p，μ Included in the RBs occupied by the DL PRS resources configured for the UE;

[0176] - Symbol 1 is not used by the serving cell for any SS / PBCH block used for DL ​​PRS sent from the serving cell, or is indicated by the higher layer parameter SSB-positionInBurst for DL ​​PRS sent from a non-serving cell;

[0177] -The time slot number meets the following PRS resource set related conditions;

[0178] It is the first DL PRS symbol in the time slot, which can be given by the higher-level parameter DL-PRS-ResourceSymbolOffset. The time domain size of the DL PRS resource LPRs∈{2, 4, 6, 12} can be given by the higher-level parameter DL-PRS-NumSymbols. Comb size It can be given by the high-level parameter transmissionComb. LpRs and Combination of It can be one of {2,2}, {4,2}, {6,2}, {12,2}, {4,4}, {12,4}, {6,6}, {12,6} and / or {12,12}. RE offset It can be given by combOffset. The frequency offset k′ can be as shown in Table 5 function.

[0179] [Table 5]

[0180]

[0181] The reference point for k=0 may be the position in the positioning frequency layer where point A configures DL PRS resources. Point A may be given by a higher layer parameter dl-PRS-PointA-r16.

[0182] Mapping to time slots in DL PRS resource set

[0183] The DL PRS resources included in the DL PRS resource set may be transmitted in a slot and a frame satisfying Equation 4 below.

[0184] [Formula 4]

[0185]

[0186] Can be the number of slots per frame in the SCS configuration μ. f It can be the System Frame Number (SFN). It can be the timeslot number in the frame in the SCS configuration μ. Timeslot Offset It can be given by the higher-level parameter DL-PRS-ResourceSetSlotOffset. DL PRS resource slot offset It can be given by the higher-level parameter DL-PRS-ResourceSlotOffset. It can be given by the higher-level parameter DL-PRS-Periodicity. It can be given by the higher-level parameter DL-PRS-ResourceRepetitionFactor. It can be given by the higher-level parameter DL-PRS-MutingBitRepetitionFactor. It can be given by the higher-level parameter DL-PRS-ResourceTimeGap.

[0187] UE Positioning Architecture

[0188] Figure 6 An exemplary system architecture for measuring the positioning of a UE to which various embodiments may be applicable is illustrated.

[0189] Reference Figure 6 , the AMF may receive a request for location services associated with a specific target UE from another entity such as a Gateway Mobile Location Center (GMLC), or the AMF itself decides to initiate location services on behalf of a specific target UE. The AMF then sends a request for location services to a Location Management Function (LMF). When a request for location services is received, the LMF may process the request for location services and then return a processing result including the estimated location of the UE to the AMF. In the event that location services are requested by an entity other than the AMF, such as a GMLC, the AMF may send the processing result received from the LMF to that entity.

[0190] The next generation evolved NB (ng-eNB) and gNB are network elements of NG-RAN that can provide measurement results for positioning. The ng-eNB and gNB can measure the radio signal for the target UE and send the measurement result value to the LMF. The ng-eNB can control several TPs or only PRS TPs such as the RF remote head to support the PRS-based beacon system of E-UTRA.

[0191] The LMF is connected to an Enhanced Serving Mobile Location Center (E-SMLC), which enables the LMF to access E-UTRAN. For example, the E-SMLC can enable the LMF to support OTDOA, one of the positioning methods of E-UTRAN, using DL measurements obtained by the target UE through signals sent by eNBs and / or PRS-only TPs in E-UTRAN.

[0192] The LMF may be connected to a SUPL Positioning Platform (SLP). The LMF may support and manage different location services for a target UE. The LMF may interact with a serving ng-eNB or a serving gNB of the target UE in order to obtain location measurements for the UE. For positioning of the target UE, the LMF may determine positioning methods based on the location service (LCS) client type, required quality of service (QoS), UE positioning capabilities, gNB positioning capabilities, and ng-eNB positioning capabilities, and then apply these positioning methods to the serving gNB and / or serving ng-eNB. The LMF may determine additional information such as the accuracy of the location estimate and the velocity of the target UE. The SLP is the Secure User Plane Location (SUPL) entity responsible for positioning on the user plane.

[0193] The UE can measure its position using the DL RS sent by the NG-RAN and the E-UTRAN. The DL RS sent by the NG-RAN and the E-UTRAN to the UE may include SS / PBCH blocks, CSI-RS and / or PRS. Which DL RS is used to measure the position of the UE may comply with the configuration of the LMF / E-SMLC / ng-eNB / E-UTRAN, etc. The position of the UE may be measured by a RAT-independent scheme using different global navigation satellite systems (GNSS), ground beacon systems (TBS), WLAN access points, Bluetooth beacons, and sensors installed in the UE (e.g., air pressure sensors). The UE may also include an LCS application or access the LCS application by communicating with a network accessed by it or by another application included therein. The LCS application may include the measurement and calculation functions required to determine the position of the UE. For example, the UE may include an independent positioning function such as a global positioning system (GPS) and report its position independently of NG-RAN transmission. This independently obtained positioning information can be used as auxiliary information for the positioning information obtained from the network.

[0194] UE positioning operation

[0195] Figure 7 An implementation example of a network for UE positioning is illustrated.

[0196] When the AMF receives a request for location services while the UE is in Connection Management (CM)-Idle state, the AMF may request a network-triggered service to establish a signaling connection with the UE and allocate a specific serving gNB or ng-eNB. Figure 7 In other words, Figure 7 In the present embodiment, it can be assumed that the UE is in connected mode. However, while the positioning procedure is still in progress, the NG-RAN may release the signaling connection as a result of signaling and data inactivity.

[0197] Now refer to Figure 7 The operation process of the network for UE positioning is described in detail. In step 1a, a 5GC entity such as a GMLC may send a request for a location service for measuring the location of a target UE to a serving AMF. Here, even when the GMLC does not request a location service, the serving AMF may determine that a location service is required to measure the location of the target UE according to step 1b. For example, the serving AMF may determine that it will perform a location service in order to measure the location of the UE for an emergency call.

[0198] In step 2, the AMF transmits a request for location services to the LMF. In step 3a, the LMF may initiate a location procedure with the serving ng-eNB or serving gNB to obtain location measurement data or location measurement assistance data. For example, the LMF may send a request for location-related information associated with one or more UEs to the NG-RAN, and indicate the type of necessary location information and the associated QoS. The NG-RAN may then transmit location-related information to the LMF in response to the request. In this case, when the location determination method according to the request is an enhanced cell ID (E-CID) scheme, the NG-RAN may transmit additional location-related information to the LMF in one or more NR Positioning Protocol A (NRPPa) messages. Here, "location-related information" may refer to all values ​​used for location calculation such as actual location estimate information and radio measurements or location measurements. The protocol used in step 3a may be the NRPPa protocol to be described later.

[0199] In addition, in step 3b, the LMF may initiate a location process for DL ​​positioning together with the UE. For example, the LMF may send location assistance data to the UE or obtain a location estimate or location measurement. For example, in step 3b, a capability information transmission process may be performed. Specifically, the LMF may send a request for capability information to the UE, and the UE may send capability information to the LMF. Here, the capability information may include information about positioning methods that can be supported by the LFM or the UE, information about various aspects of a specific positioning method (such as various types of assistance data for A-GNSS), and information about common features that are not specific to any one positioning method (such as the ability to handle multiple LPP transactions). In some cases, even though the LMF does not send a request for capability information, the UE may provide capability information to the LMF.

[0200] As another example, in step 3b, a location assistance data transmission process may be performed. Specifically, the UE may send a request for location assistance data to the LMF and indicate to the LMF the specific location assistance data required. The LMF may then transmit the corresponding location assistance data to the UE in one or more additional LTE Positioning Protocol (LPP) messages and transmit additional assistance data to the UE. The location assistance data delivered from the LMF to the UE may be sent in a unicast manner. In some cases, the LMF may transmit location assistance data and / or additional assistance data to the UE without receiving a request for assistance data from the UE.

[0201] As another example, in step 3b, a location assistance data transmission process may be performed. Specifically, the LMF may send a request for location (related) information associated with the UE to the UE, and indicate the type of necessary location information and the associated QoS. In response to the request, the UE may transmit location-related information to the LMF. In addition, the UE may transmit additional location-related information to the LMF in one or more LPP messages. Here, "location-related information" may refer to all values ​​used for location calculation such as actual location estimate information and radio measurements or location measurements. Typically, location-related information may be a reference signal time difference (RSTD) value measured by the UE based on a DL RS sent to the UE by multiple NG-RANs and / or E-UTRANs. Similar to the above description, the UE may transmit location-related information to the LMF without receiving a request from the LMF.

[0202] The process performed in step 3b can be performed independently, but can be performed continuously. Generally, although step 3b is performed in the order of capability information transmission process, location assistance data transmission process and location information transmission process, step 3b is not limited to such order. In other words, step 3b does not need to occur in a specific order in order to improve the flexibility of positioning. For example, the UE can request location assistance data at any time to execute a previous request for location measurement made by the LMF. In the event that the location information sent by the UE does not meet the required QoS, the LMF can also request location information such as location measurement values ​​or location estimates at any time. Similarly, when the UE does not perform measurements for location estimation, the UE can send capability information to the LMF at any time.

[0203] In step 3b, when the information or request exchanged between the LMF and the UE is erroneous, an error message may be sent and received, and an abort message for aborting positioning may be sent and received.

[0204] The protocol used in step 3b may be the LPP protocol which will be described later.

[0205] Step 3b may be performed in addition to step 3a, or may be performed instead of step 3a.

[0206] In step 4, the LMF may provide a location service response to the AMF. The location service response may include information on whether the UE positioning is successful and include the UE's location estimate. Fig. 9 If the procedure has been initiated by step 1a, the AMF may deliver the location service response to the 5GC entity such as the GMLC. Fig.11 If the procedure has been initiated by step 1b, the AMF can use the location service response to provide location services related to the emergency call.

[0207] 2.5. Positioning Protocol

[0208] LTE Positioning Protocol (LPP)

[0209] Figure 8 An exemplary protocol layer for supporting LPP message transmission between LMF and UE is shown. LPP protocol data unit (PDU) can be carried in NAS PDU between AMF and UE.

[0210] Reference Figure 8, LPP terminates between the target device (e.g., UE in the control plane or SUPL-enabled terminal (SET) in the user plane) and the location server (e.g., LMF in the control plane or SLP in the user plane). LPP messages can be carried as transparent PDUs across intermediate network interfaces using appropriate protocols (e.g., NGAP over NG-C interface and NAS / RRC over LTE-Uu and NR-Uu interfaces). LPP is intended to enable positioning for NR and LTE using various positioning methods.

[0211] For example, the target device and the location server may exchange capability information, assistance data for positioning, and / or location information therebetween through LPP. The target device and the location server may exchange error information and / or indicate termination of the LPP process through LPP messages.

[0212] NR Positioning Protocol A (NRPPa)

[0213] Fig. 9 Exemplary protocol layers for supporting NRPPa PDU delivery between LMF and NG-RAN nodes are illustrated.

[0214] NRPPa can be used to carry information between NG-RAN nodes and LMF. Specifically, NRPPa can carry E-CID for measurement, data for supporting OTDOA positioning method, and cell ID and cell location ID for supporting NR cell ID positioning method transmitted from ng-eNB to LMF. AMF can route NRPPa PDU through NG-C interface based on the routing ID of the LMF involved without information about the relevant NRPPa transaction.

[0215] The NRPPa procedures for location and data collection can be divided into two types. The first type is a UE-associated procedure for transmitting information about a specific UE (e.g., location measurement information), and the second type is a non-UE-associated procedure for transmitting information applicable to NG-RAN nodes and associated TPs (e.g., gNB / ng-eNB / TP timing information). These two types can be supported independently or simultaneously.

[0216] 2.6. Positioning measurement method

[0217] Positioning methods supported in NG-RAN may include GNSS, OTDOA, E-CID, air pressure sensor positioning, WLAN positioning, Bluetooth positioning, TBS, uplink time difference of arrival (UTDOA), etc. Although any one of the positioning methods may be used for UE positioning, two or more positioning methods may be used for UE positioning.

[0218] OTDOA (Observed Time Difference of Arrival)

[0219] Fig.10 is a diagram illustrating an observed time difference of arrival (OTDOA) positioning method to which various embodiments are applicable.

[0220] The OTDOA positioning method uses the time measured by the UE from the DL signals received by multiple TPs including eNB, ng-eNB and PRS-only TP. The UE uses the location assistance data received from the location server to measure the time of the received DL signal. The location of the UE can be determined based on such measurement results and the geographic coordinates of the neighboring TPs.

[0221] A UE connected to a gNB may request measurement gaps from a TP to perform OTDOA measurements. If the UE does not know the SFN of at least one TP in the OTDOA assistance data, the UE may use autonomous gaps to obtain the SFN of the OTDOA reference cell before requesting measurement gaps for performing reference signal time difference (RSTD) measurements.

[0222] Here, RSTD may be defined as the minimum relative time difference between two subframe boundaries received from the reference cell and the measurement cell. That is, RSTD may be calculated as the relative time difference between the start time of the subframe received from the measurement cell and the start time of the subframe from the reference cell that is closest to the subframe received from the measurement cell. The reference cell may be selected by the UE.

[0223] For accurate OTDOA measurement, it is necessary to measure the time of arrival (ToA) of signals received from three or more TPs or BSs distributed geographically. For example, the ToA of each of TP1, TP2, and TP3 can be measured, and the RSTD for TP1 and TP2, the RSTD for TP2 and TP3, and the RSTD for TP3 and TP1 are calculated based on the three ToA values. The geometric hyperbola is determined based on the calculated RSTD value and the point where the hyperbola intersects can be estimated as the position of the UE. In this case, the accuracy and / or uncertainty of each ToA measurement may occur, and according to the measurement uncertainty, the estimated position of the UE can be referred to as a specific range.

[0224] For example, the RSTD of two TPs may be calculated based on the following Equation 5.

[0225] [Formula 5]

[0226]

[0227] In Equation 5, c is the speed of light, {x t ,y t} are the (unknown) coordinates of the target UE, {x i ,y i} are the (known) coordinates of TP, and {x1, y1} are the coordinates of a reference TP (or another TP). i -T1) is the transmission time offset between the two TPs, called the “real time difference” (RTD), and n i and n1 is the UE ToA measurement error value.

[0228] E-CID (Enhanced Cell ID)

[0229] In the cell ID (CID) positioning method, the location of the UE can be measured based on the geographic information of the UE's serving ng-eNB, serving gNB and / or serving cell. For example, the geographic information of the serving ng-eNB, serving gNB and / or serving cell can be obtained through paging, registration, etc.

[0230] In addition to the CID positioning method, the E-CID positioning method may use additional UE measurements and / or NG-RAN radio resources to improve the UE position estimate. Although the E-CID positioning method may partially utilize the same measurement method as the measurement control system on the RRC protocol, additional measurements that are only used for UE position measurement are generally not performed. In other words, no additional measurement configuration or measurement control message may be provided for UE position measurement. The UE does not expect to request additional measurement operations that are only used for position measurement, and the UE may report measurement values ​​obtained by a commonly measurable method.

[0231] For example, the serving gNB may use the E-UTRA measurements provided by the UE to implement the E-CID positioning method.

[0232] The measuring elements that can be used for E-CID positioning may be, for example, as follows.

[0233] -UE measurements: E-UTRA Reference Signal Received Power (RSRP), E-UTRA Reference Signal Received Quality (RSRQ), UE E-UTRA Receive (Rx)-Transmit (Tx) Time Difference, GERAN / WLAN Reference Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI), UTRAN Common Pilot Channel (CPICH) Received Signal Code Power (RSCP) and / or UTRAN CPICH Ec / Io

[0234] -E-UTRAN measurements: ng-eNB Rx-Tx time difference, timing advance (T ADV ) and / or AoA

[0235] Here, T ADV It can be divided into type 1 and type 2 as follows.

[0236] T ADVType 1 = (ng-eNB Rx-Tx time difference) + (UE E-UTRA Rx-Tx time difference)

[0237] T ADV Type 2 = ng-eNB Rx-Tx time difference

[0238] AoA can be used to measure the direction of the UE. AoA is defined as the estimated angle of the UE counterclockwise from the eNB / TP. In this case, the geographic reference direction can be north. The eNB / TP can use UL signals such as SRS and / or DMRS for AoA measurement. As the arrangement of antenna arrays increases, the measurement accuracy of AoA increases. When the antenna arrays are arranged at the same interval, the signals received at adjacent antenna elements can have a constant phase rotation.

[0239] Multi-RTT (Multi-unit RTT)

[0240] Fig.11 is a diagram illustrating an exemplary multiple round trip time (multi-RTT) positioning method to which various embodiments may be applicable.

[0241] Reference Fig.11 (a) shows an exemplary RTT process, in which the initiating device and the responding device perform ToA measurement, and the responding device provides the ToA measurement to the initiating device for RTT measurement (calculation). The initiating device can be a TRP and / or a UE, and the responding device can be a UE and / or a TRP.

[0242] In operation 1301 according to various embodiments, the initiating device may send an RTT measurement request, and the responding device may receive the RTT measurement request.

[0243] In operation 1303 according to various embodiments, the initiating device may send an RTT measurement signal at t0, and the responding device may obtain a ToA measurement t1.

[0244] In operation 1305 according to various embodiments, the responding device may send an RTT measurement signal at t2, and the initiating device may obtain a ToA measurement t3.

[0245] In operation 1307 according to various embodiments, the responding device may transmit information about [t2-t1], and the initiating device may receive the information and calculate the RTT through Equation 6. The information may be transmitted and received based on a separate signal or in the RTT measurement signal of operation 1305 .

[0246] [Formula 6]

[0247] RTT = t3-t0-[t2-t1]

[0248] Reference Fig.11 (b), the RTT may correspond to a dual range measurement between the two devices. Positioning estimation may be performed based on the corresponding information, and multilateration may be used for positioning estimation. d1, d2, and d3 may be determined based on the measured RTT, and the location of the target device may be determined as the intersection of the circumference of a circle with the radii d1, d2, and d3, with BS1, BS2, and BS3 (or TRP) centered, respectively.

[0249] 2.7. Detection process

[0250] In a wireless communication system to which various embodiments are applicable, an SRS for positioning may be used.

[0251] The SRS-Config information element (IE) may be used to configure SRS transmission. SRS resources (lists) and / or SRS resource sets (lists) may be defined, and each resource set may be defined as a collection of SRS resources.

[0252] The SRS-Config IE may include configuration information about the SRS (for other purposes) and configuration information about the SRS for separate positioning. For example, configuration information about the SRS resource set for the SRS (for other purposes) (e.g., SRS-ResourceSet) and configuration information about the SRS resource set for the SRS for positioning (e.g., SRS-PosResourceSet) may be separately included. In addition, configuration information about SRS resources for the SRS (for other purposes) (e.g., SRS-ResourceSet) and configuration information about SRS resources for the SRS for positioning (e.g., SRS-PosResourceSet) may be separately included.

[0253] The SRS resource set for positioning may include one or more SRS resources for positioning. The configuration information about the SRS resource set for positioning may include: information about an identifier (ID) assigned / allocated / related to the SRS resource set for positioning; and information about an ID assigned / allocated / related to each of the one or more SRS resources for positioning. For example, the configuration information about the SRS resource for positioning may include an ID assigned / allocated / related to a UL resource. In addition, each SRS resource / SRS resource set for positioning may be identified based on each ID assigned / allocated / related to it.

[0254] SRS can be configured periodically / semi-persistently / aperiodically.

[0255] Aperiodic SRS may be triggered by DCI. DCI may include an SRS request field.

[0256] Table 6 shows an exemplary SRS request field.

[0257] [Table 6]

[0258]

[0259]

[0260] In Table 6, srs-TPC-PDCCH-Group is a parameter used to set the trigger type of SRS transmission to typeA or typeB, aperiodicSRS-ResourceTriggerList is a parameter used to configure the UE to send an additional list of DCI code points for SRS according to the SRS resource set configuration, aperiodicSRS-ResourceTrigger is a parameter used to configure the DCI code points for SRS according to the SRS resource set configuration, and resourceType is a parameter used to configure the (periodic / semi-static / non-periodic) time domain behavior of the SRS resource configuration.

[0261] 3. Various Implementation Methods

[0262] A detailed description of various embodiments will be given based on the above technical ideas. The above contents of Part 1 and Part 2 can be applied to various embodiments described below. For example, operations, functions, terms, etc. that are not defined in various embodiments can be performed and described based on Part 1 and Part 2.

[0263] Symbols / abbreviations / terms used in the description of various embodiments may be defined as follows.

[0264] -A / B / C: A and / or B and / or C

[0265] -AOA(AoA): Angle of Arrival

[0266] -CSI-RS: Channel State Information Reference Signal

[0267] -L1: Layer 1

[0268] -LMF: Location Management Function

[0269] -NRPPa: NR Positioning Protocol a

[0270] -OTDOA (OTDoA): Observed Time Difference of Arrival

[0271] -PRS: Positioning Reference Signal

[0272] -RS: Reference signal

[0273] -RTT: Round Trip Time

[0274] -RSRP: Reference Signal Received Power

[0275] -RSRQ: Reference Signal Received Quality

[0276] -RSTD: Reference Signal Time Difference / Relative Signal Time Difference

[0277] -RX-Tx time difference: the time difference between sending and receiving

[0278] --1) UE Rx-Tx time difference: According to various embodiments, the UE Rx-Tx time difference may be defined as T UE-RX -T UE-TX According to various embodiments, T UE-RX may be the UE reception timing of the DL subframe (and / or frame / time slot / symbol) #i from the positioning node and may be defined in time by the first detection path. According to various embodiments, T UE-TX It may be the UE transmission timing (#i, #j: indexes, each of which may have an integer value greater than or equal to 0) of the UL subframe (and / or frame / time slot / symbol) #j received from the positioning node that is closest in time to the subframe (and / or frame / time slot / symbol) #i. According to various embodiments, the start of one subframe (and / or frame / time slot / symbol) of the first arrival path of the positioning node may be determined using one or more DL PRS resources.

[0279] --2) gNB Rx-Tx time difference: According to various embodiments, the gNB Rx-Tx time difference can be defined as T gNB-RX –T gNB-TX According to various embodiments, T gNB-RX may be the positioning node reception timing of a UL subframe (and / or frame / time slot / symbol) #i including a sounding reference signal (SRS) associated with the UE, and may be defined in time by the first detection path. According to various embodiments, T gNB-TX The positioning node transmission timing (#i, #j: indices, each of which may have an integer value greater than or equal to 0) of the DL subframe (and / or frame / time slot / symbol) #j which may be received from the UE and which is closest in time to the subframe (and / or frame / time slot / symbol) #i may be used. One or more SRS resources used for positioning may be used to determine the start of one subframe (and / or frame / time slot / symbol). According to various embodiments, the gNB may be replaced by an eNB / base station (BS) / TRP, etc.

[0280] -SINR: Signal-to-Interference-and-Noise Ratio

[0281] -SNR: Signal-to-Noise Ratio

[0282] -SRS: Sounding Reference Signal

[0283] -SS: synchronization signal

[0284] -SSB: Synchronization Signal Block

[0285] -SS / PBCH: Synchronization Signal / Physical Broadcast Channel

[0286] -TDOA(TDoA): Time Difference of Arrival

[0287] -TOA(ToA): Time of Arrival

[0288] -TOF(ToF): Time of Flight

[0289] -TRP: Transmit and Receive Point (TP: Transmit Point)

[0290] -Tx: Send / Transmit, Rx: Receive / Receive

[0291] -UTDOA (UTDoA): Uplink Time Difference of Arrival

[0292] In the description of various embodiments, a base station (BS) may be understood as a general term including a radio remote head (RRH), an eNB, a GNB, a TP, a reception point (RP), a relay, and the like.

[0293] In the description of various embodiments, the expression “greater than / higher than A” may be replaced with the expression “higher than / larger than A”.

[0294] In the description of various embodiments, the expression “less than / lower than B” may be replaced with the expression “lower than / smaller than B”.

[0295] Various embodiments may involve beams between a transmitting node and a receiving node suitable for timing measurement acquisition and / or reporting.

[0296] For example, in order to improve positioning accuracy, timing measurement accuracy can be considered as a key factor for positioning technologies such as DL-TDOA, UL-TDOA, and multi-RTT. For example, frequency bandwidth resources can be the most important factor related to timing measurement accuracy. For example, it is necessary to consider carrier aggregation (CA), E-UTRA new radio dual connectivity (EN-DC), and supplementary uplink (SUL) to discuss methods for more efficient use of frequency resources.

[0297] For example, the transmit beam and receive beam in the cell / BS / TRP and UE need to be discussed. For example, the beam management framework of a wireless communication system of version 16 or lower to which various embodiments are applicable may be used for effective data communication rather than for supporting effective positioning. For example, the UE may be instructed to perform RSRP measurements for SSB and / or CSI-RS resources and / or report RSRP together with an index / identifier (ID). For example, the BS may know the optimal beam direction for data transmission to the UE based on the reported information. However, for example, the optimal beam direction for data transmission may not be the optimal beam direction for positioning.

[0298] For example, the receive / transmit beam configuration (beam management) of the UE based on the QCL type D, spatial relationship information, etc. of the wireless communication system of version 16 or lower to which various embodiments apply can configure the transmit / receive beam for effective data communication. For example, the transmit / receive beam pair can be configured / indicated in the direction where the strength of the received signal (e.g., RSRP, SINR, SNR, etc.) is the largest. However, for example, from the perspective of UE positioning, it cannot be guaranteed that the transmit / receive beam pair in the direction with the maximum received signal strength is the beam pair in the LOS direction, and therefore the beam pair with the maximum received signal strength may not be considered the optimal beam pair.

[0299] Various embodiments may relate to transmit / receive beam optimization for UE positioning estimation.

[0300] Various embodiments may relate to the operation of the UE and the network when the transmit / receive beams between the UE and the BS are not suitable for obtaining and reporting optimal timing measurements.

[0301] Various embodiments may involve the use of transmit / receive beams between UE / BS optimized for UE positioning. For example, beam management for data communication and beam management for positioning may be performed separately (in parallel). For example, when the beam used for data communication is not in the LoS direction, the UE may request to change the receive beam (QCL type D) and / or transmit beam (spatial relationship information). And / or, for example, because the loss in the LoS direction (e.g., penetration loss) is greater than a predetermined level, the UE needs to increase the magnitude of the transmit power of the SRS transmission, so the UE may also request to change the path loss reference RS in the direction where the propagation time is minimized. And / or, for example, the UE may measure / store propagation time measurements for DL ​​RS resources to compensate for measurement errors that may occur when beams other than the LoS direction are used.

[0302] Unless otherwise specifically stated, in the description of various embodiments, the network may be a BS / location server / LMF, etc.

[0303] Unless otherwise specifically stated, in the description of various embodiments, the operation of the UE may be configured / instructed by the BS / location server / LMF, or may be performed as a default operation without explicit configuration.

[0304] Unless otherwise specifically stated, in the description of various embodiments, timing measurements may be ToA, ToF, propagation time of the nth arrival signal path, RSTD, and measurement of UE receive-transmit time difference, and measurement of BS receive-transmit time difference.

[0305] The various embodiments to be described below have been described based on the determination / configuration / indication of the transmit / receive beam between the cell / BS / TRP and the UE. However, the various embodiments relate to the configuration / determination of the beam between the transmit / receive nodes to optimally measure the first arrival signal path, and therefore the various embodiments can also be used to determine the transmit / receive beam between the UE that sends and receives a specific signal (e.g., RS) not only for the transmit / receive beam configuration between the cell / BS / TRP and the UE but also for the timing measurement measurement / acquisition.

[0306] Fig.12 is a simplified diagram illustrating methods of operating a UE, a TRP, a location server and / or a LMF according to various embodiments.

[0307] Reference Fig.12 In operation 1201 according to various embodiments, the location server and / or LMF may send a configuration indicated to the UE, and the UE may receive the configuration information.

[0308] In operation 1203 according to various embodiments, the location server and / or LMF may send reference configuration information to the TRP, and the TRP may receive the reference configuration information. In operation 1205 according to various embodiments, the TRP may send reference configuration information to the UE, and the UE may receive the reference configuration information. In this case, operation 1501 according to various embodiments may be omitted.

[0309] On the contrary, operations 1203 and 1205 according to various embodiments may be omitted. In this case, operation 1201 according to various embodiments may be performed.

[0310] That is, operation 1201 according to various embodiments and operations 1503 and 1505 according to various embodiments may be selectively performed.

[0311] In operation 1207 according to various embodiments, the TRP may transmit a signal related to the configuration information, and the UE may receive the signal related to the configuration information. For example, the signal related to the configuration information may be a signal for positioning of the UE.

[0312] In operation 1209 according to various embodiments, the UE may send a positioning-related signal to the TRP, and the TRP may receive the positioning-related signal. In operation 1211 according to various embodiments, the TRP may send a positioning-related signal to the location server and / or the LMF, and the location server and / or the LMF may receive the positioning-related signal.

[0313] In operation 1213 according to various embodiments, the UE may send a signal related to positioning to the location server and / or LMF, and the location server and / or LMF may receive the signal related to positioning. In this case, operations 1209 and 1211 according to various embodiments may be omitted.

[0314] On the contrary, operation 1213 according to various embodiments may be omitted. In this case, operations 1209 and 1511 according to various embodiments may be performed.

[0315] That is, operations 1209 and 1211 according to various embodiments and operation 1513 according to various embodiments may be selectively performed.

[0316] According to various embodiments, a signal related to positioning may be obtained based on configuration information and / or a signal related to the configuration information.

[0317] Fig.13 is a simplified diagram illustrating methods of operating a UE, a TRP, a location server and / or a LMF according to various embodiments.

[0318] Reference Fig.13 (a), in operation 1301 (a) according to various embodiments, the UE may receive configuration information.

[0319] In operation 1303 (a) according to various embodiments, the UE may receive a signal related to configuration information.

[0320] In operation 1305(a) according to various embodiments, the UE may send positioning-related information.

[0321] Reference Fig.13 (b), in operation 1301 (b) according to various embodiments, the TRP may receive configuration information from the location server and / or LMF and send the configuration information to the UE.

[0322] In operation 1303(b) according to various embodiments, the TRP may send a signal related to the configuration information.

[0323] In operation 1305(b) according to various embodiments, the TRP may receive positioning-related information and send the positioning-related information to a location server and / or LMF.

[0324] Reference Fig.13 (c), in operation 1301(c) according to various embodiments, the location server and / or LMF may send configuration information.

[0325] In operation 1305(c) according to various embodiments, the location server and / or LMF may receive positioning-related information.

[0326] For example, in the description of the various embodiments below, the above-mentioned configuration information may be understood as involving a reference configuration (information) or one or more pieces of information sent by a location server, LMF and / or TRP to the UE / configured for the UE, and / or may be understood as a reference configuration (information) or one or more pieces of information sent by a location server, LMF and / or TRP to the UE / configured for the UE.

[0327] For example, in the description of the following various embodiments, the above-mentioned positioning-related signal may be understood as a signal related to one or more pieces of information reported by the UE and / or a signal including one or more pieces of information reported by the UE.

[0328] For example, in the description of the following various embodiments, the BS, gNB, and cell may be replaced with a TRP, a TP, or any device that equally serves as a TRP or a TP.

[0329] For example, in the description of various embodiments below, the location server may be replaced with an LMF and any device that equally functions as an LMF.

[0330] More detailed operations, functions, terms, etc. in the operation methods according to various embodiments may be performed and described based on various embodiments described later. The operation methods according to various embodiments are exemplary, and one or more operations in the above operation methods may be omitted according to the details of various embodiments.

[0331] Hereinafter, various embodiments will be described in detail. It can be understood by those skilled in the art that, unless mutually exclusive, the various embodiments described below can be combined in whole or in part to implement other embodiments.

[0332] Potential enhancements to transmit and / or receive beam management for efficient estimation of UE position

[0333] In the description of various embodiments, the influence of the transmission / reception beam directions of the BS and the UE on the UE positioning is explained, and a method for more accurately estimating / identifying the position of the UE is described.

[0334] Background and Motivation

[0335] For example, the configuration of QCL type D and spatial relationship information may be in a direction suitable for data communication, but may not be a beam direction optimized for UE position measurement.

[0336] For example, a beam management framework between a UE and a BS is designed for data transmission and reception. For example, a UE may perform RSRP / SNR / SINR measurements on several CSI-RS resources, and may report a CSI-RS resource index / ID (e.g., a CSI-RS resource indicator (CRI)) and a corresponding RSRP value to the BS.

[0337] For example, it can be seen that the BS identifies which transmit beam the UE uses to receive a signal with the best beam gain. However, it may be difficult for the BS to know which transmit / receive beam to use to best receive and / or detect and / or detect the first arriving signal path of the UE. This may be because the UE does not report beam information based on the propagation time of the beam configured / sent / shown by the BS. For example, it may be difficult to see that the beam configured / indicated based on RSRP / SINR / SNR is the beam optimized for propagation time measurement. It can be briefly summarized as follows.

[0338] Downlink

[0339] (UE) For example, the receive beam used by the UE via QCL type D indicated / configured by the BS / location server / LMF may be a receive beam in the direction of maximum RSRP, but may not be in the beam direction for ensuring the minimum propagation time of the first arrival signal path.

[0340] (BS) For example, the transmit beam used by the cell / BS / TRP corresponding to the receive beam used by the UE using QCL type D configured by the UE may not be the optimal receive beam for measuring the first arrival signal path.

[0341] Uplink

[0342] (UE) For example, the transmission beam used by the UE through the spatial relationship information indicated / configured by the BS / location server / LMF may be a transmission beam in the direction of maximum RSRP, but may not be in the beam direction for ensuring the minimum propagation time of the first arrival signal path.

[0343] (BS) For example, the beam direction in which the cell / BS / TRP performs reception through the spatial relationship information configuration of the UE may not be the optimal reception beam direction for measuring the propagation time of the first arrival signal path.

[0344] Fig.14 An example of multipath signal transmission / reception to which various embodiments are applicable is shown.

[0345] For example, a signal sent by a transmitting node (e.g., TRP / BS / UE) may be sent in a line of sight (LoS) path, but may collide / scatter with various objects / buildings and may be reflected and sent / arrived in multiple paths. For example, a beam corresponding to the best measurement value related to the reception quality of RSRP / SNR / SINR may not be a beam corresponding to the LoS path, which means that a beam suitable for data transmission and reception is not a beam suitable for positioning.

[0346] Taking this into consideration, in the description of various embodiments, the first arrival signal path may represent a signal (path) that first arrives at a receiving node among signals sent in several paths. For example, when LoS is ensured between a sending node and a receiving node, the first arrival signal path may be a LoS path.

[0347] For example, in the description of various embodiments, a beam suitable for data transmission and reception may be a beam corresponding to an optimal measurement value related to reception quality of RSRP / SNR / SINR. For example, in the description of various embodiments, a beam suitable for positioning may be a beam corresponding to LoS ​​and / or minimum propagation time.

[0348] Solution #1: Individual beam management / reporting based on purpose: beam for positioning / beam for data communication

[0349] According to various embodiments, the management of the beams of the UE and the BS suitable for UE positioning and the management of the transmit / receive beams of the UE and the BS suitable for sending and receiving data can be operated separately. According to various embodiments, the UE can be configured / instructed by distinguishing the transmit / receive beams suitable for positioning and the beam information suitable for data transmission / reception. According to various embodiments, the UE can report the beam information and beam quality suitable for data transmission / reception, and can be instructed / configured to classify / separately report the beam information and beam quality suitable for UE positioning.

[0350] In accordance with various embodiments, the UE may be instructed / configured to report a more suitable / reciprocal beam for data communication based on the overall expected signal power of RSRP, (L1) SINR, SNR, etc. from the network (e.g., BS / location server / LMF).

[0351] According to various embodiments, the UE may be configured / instructed to report a transmit / receive beam suitable for timing measurement based on a kth (k>0) arrival signal path.

[0352] For example, the UE may be configured / instructed to perform measurements on a specific DLRS to report an RS resource set and / or RS resource information (e.g., a resource set ID and / or resource ID, and in the description of various embodiments, the RS resource set may be a set including at least one RS) corresponding to the best N (>0) (top N) in terms of RSRP / SINR / SNR, and to report an RS resource set and / or RS resource information corresponding to the best N in terms of the propagation time of the first arrival signal path.

[0353] For example, the BS may provide the location server / LMF with BS / TRP transmit / receive beam information suitable for positioning and transmit / receive beam information of the UE. And / or, for example, the UE may request from the location server / LMF information about a receive beam direction suitable for receiving a specific positioning RS resource from the BS.

[0354] According to various embodiments, the BS may configure / indicate different beam reporting criteria to the UE:

[0355] UE Reporting Standards

[0356] -RSRP / SINR / SNR / RSSI (received signal strength indicator)

[0357] - The propagation time (+ signal strength) of the nth arrival signal path. The propagation time and / or signal strength of the nth arrival signal path

[0358] [Content reported to UE]

[0359] -Report (physical) TRP / cell ID+RS resource (SSB index / CSI-RS / PRS resource ID)+RSRP+propagation time (for the nth arriving signal path). Physical cell / BS / TRP ID and / or RS resource (SSB index and / or CSI-RS resource ID and / or PRS resource ID) and / or RSRP and / or propagation time (for the nth arriving signal path)

[0360] According to various embodiments, when QCL type D is configured for an RX beam configuration used when receiving a PRS to a UE, an RS resource more suitable for positioning may be configured. For example, when a beam suitable for data transmission and reception and a beam suitable for positioning operate separately, if QCL type D is configured for an RX beam configuration to be used when a UE receives a PRS, a beam suitable for positioning may be used.

[0361] According to various embodiments, during the configuration of the spatial relationship information for the TX beam configuration used when the UE transmits the ULRS for positioning, an RS resource more suitable for positioning may be configured when the spatial relationship information is configured. For example, when a beam suitable for data transmission and reception and a beam suitable for positioning are operated separately, the beam suitable for positioning may be used for the TX beam configuration to be used when the UE transmits the ULRS for positioning under the condition of the spatial relationship information configuration.

[0362] Solution #2: TX / RX beam change request to use optimized beam for positioning

[0363] According to various embodiments, before receiving the configured beam direction and / or beam configuration, the UE may request the BS / location server / LMF to change / configure the transmit / receive beam suitable for the positioned UE and the specific BS / TRP transmit / receive beam. According to various embodiments, the beam change request may be a request for configuration / change of a beam more suitable for UE positioning, for example, changing the beam to obtain optimal timing measurement. For example, the beam change request may be a request to change a path loss reference.

[0364] -Cell / BS / TRP information and / or RS information configured with QCL type D

[0365] -Cell / BS / TRP information and / or RS information configured with spatial relationship information

[0366] -Cell / BS / TRP information and / or path loss reference RS for power control

[0367] According to various embodiments, the UE may request the BS / location server / LMF to change the receive beam of a specific DL PRS resource configured from the BS / location server / LMF and / or the transmit beam of the SRS used for positioning resources from the BS / location server / LMF.

[0368] For example, in the case of an OTDOA scheme, the UE's operation may be limited relative to the reference cell / BS / TRP. For example, this may be because the quality of the timing measurement of the reference cell / BS / TRP affects all RSTD measurements obtained based on the reference cell / BS / TRP.

[0369] For example, the UE may be configured / instructed using reference configuration information related to DL PRS resources, which are to be used as a reference for measuring DL RSTD and / or DL-PRS-RSRP and / or the receive-transmit time difference between the UE and the network. For example, the information provided from the reference configuration information may include a cell / BS / TRP ID (reference cell / BS / TRP ID) and / or a DL, PRS resource set ID and / or a list of PRS resource IDs and / or DL ​​PRS resource IDs (reference PRS resource IDs). According to various embodiments, the highest priority may be given to a reference cell / BS / TRP and / or a reference PRS resource set and / or a reference PRS resource, the reference cell / BS / TRP and / or a reference PRS resource set and / or a reference PRS resource, respectively corresponding to the reference cell / BS / TRP ID and / or the reference PRS resource set ID included in the information provided from the reference configuration information. For example, the UE may use information provided from the reference configuration information and / or (in the case of DLPRS resources included in one DL PRS resource set) a DL PRS resource set ID different from the information provided from the reference configuration information and / or a different DLPRS resource (and / or cell / BS / TRP ID) may be used / determined as a reference.

[0370] For example, the reference may be configured / indicated based on an information element (IE) according to the following Table 7. For example, the information corresponding to the reference cell / BS / TRP may be a dl-PRS-ID.

[0371] [Table 7]

[0372] -DL-PRS-ID-Info

[0373] IE DL-PRS-ID-info provides the ID of the DL-PRS resource that refers to the TRP

[0374]

[0375] According to various embodiments, the UE may perform a measurement of a propagation time for a DL RS, and may store the measured propagation time while performing a measurement of RSRP / SNR / SINR for a DL RS (e.g., SSB or DL ​​PRS) resource transmitted by a specific cell / BS / TRP. Therefore, according to various embodiments, the UE may be configured with a specific DL RS (e.g., SSB, PRS resource, or CSI-RS resource) transmitted from a specific cell / BS / TRP and transmitted to a specific cell / BS / TRP as a target using a spatial relationship information configuration of the SRS resource for UE positioning, but the UE may recognize that the spatial relationship information configuration does not correspond to a transmission beam direction image in which the propagation time pre-identified by the UE relative to the cell / BS / TRP is the smallest. According to various embodiments, the UE may request a change in the spatial relationship information configuration of a specific SRS resource based on the information.

[0376] According to various embodiments, using such operation of the UE, the BS can determine a DL RX beam corresponding to the TX beam transmitted as the spatial relationship information (eg, where the propagation time is minimized).

[0377] And / or, according to various embodiments, even if the UE does not know the timing measurement information of the RS sent by a specific cell / BS / TRP, problems with the receiving beam direction may be considered when the timing measurement information is continuously changed at a predetermined level or higher for each opportunity / period for sending ToA / propagation time measurement of a specific periodic DL PRS resource and / or when the signal strength of the first arrival path is too small (for example, less than a predetermined threshold).

[0378] Trigger Condition Details

[0379] [QCL type and spatial relationship information]

[0380] According to various embodiments, the UE may identify a specific level of propagation time (e.g., propagation time / ToA / ToF of a first arrival path) and / or a specific level of timing measurement quality for a specific DL RS resource (e.g., SSB, PRS resource, or CSI-RS resource) transmitted from a specific physical / geometric cell / BS / TRP. For example, when the propagation time / ToA measurement value of a specific DL RS resource (e.g., SSB, PRS resource, or CSI-RS resource) configured with QCL type D of a DL PRS resource and / or spatial relationship information of an SRS resource differs by a predetermined level (e.g., a threshold) or more from the propagation time / ToA value that the UE has for the specific cell / BS / TRP, the UE may request to change the UE's receive RX beam and / or the transmit beam direction of the specific cell / BS / TRP.

[0381] For example, the UE may perform measurements on the SSBs (and / or PRS resources (and / or CSI-RS resources)) sent from a specific (physical) service / neighboring cell / BS / TRP, and may obtain propagation time information of a specific SSB (and / or PRS resources (and / or CSI-RS resources)) index. For example, the UE may use the best propagation time measurement value and / or propagation time measurement quality among the SSB indexes as a reference to determine the propagation time reference / threshold of the specific (physical) cell / BS / TRP. For example, when a DL RS resource that is a QCL type D resource configured for a DL PRS (resource) sent from a specific service / neighboring cell / BS / TRP exceeds the propagation time threshold used as a reference, the UE may determine that the transmit / receive beam direction of the cell / BS / TRP and the UE is not optimal for receiving the first arrival signal path, and may request a change in the transmit / receive beam direction.

[0382] According to various embodiments, when the UE requests a change in QCL type D resources, this may mean that the receive beam used by the UE is not in the direction where the propagation time is minimized, and considering the Tx / Rx beam pair, the transmit Tx beam that is being used appropriately for the Rx beam may not be the minimum propagation time. According to various embodiments, when the UE requests a QCL-D change, this may imply that both the transmit beam of the BS and the receive beam of the UE need to be changed.

[0383] According to various embodiments, the transmit / receive beams between the UE and the BS / TRP may be aligned and configured / used in a direction suitable for timing measurements (eg, nth (n is a natural number) arrival signal path measurements).

[0384] For example, when the UE sends SRS resources for positioning to a specific cell / BS / TRP in a direction suitable for timing measurement, it may be necessary to determine / use an appropriate transmit power for the targeted cell / BS / TRP. For example, the appropriate transmit power may be determined by measuring only the path loss reference of the DL RS resources in the timing measurement beam direction. To this end, one or more of the following various embodiments may be considered.

[0385] Path loss reference RS (beam) change request

[0386] According to various embodiments, the UE may request the BS / location server / LMF to change a specific DL RS resource configured as a path loss reference DL RS resource among the RSs sent from a specific cell / BS / TRP to a DL RS resource that is more suitable for UE positioning (more suitable for obtaining timing measurements). This may be to change the path loss reference RS using the beam direction that most strongly transmits and receives the first arrival signal path as a reference.

[0387] According to various embodiments, the UE may be configured with a DL RS sent from a specific (physical) cell / BS / TRP as a path loss reference DL RS. In this case, according to various embodiments, the UE may be configured with a DL RS (e.g., SSB, PRS, and CSI-RS) information set and a physical cell ID / BS-ID / TRP-ID.

[0388] According to various embodiments, when the propagation time measurement (e.g., the propagation time of the first arriving signal path) and / or the propagation time measurement quality (e.g., the signal strength and / or signal power of the first arriving signal path) of an RS resource (e.g., a specific SSB / PRS / CSI-RS index) configured with a path loss reference RS exceeds the propagation time reference and / or threshold of the cell / BS / TRP, the UE may request the BS / location server / LMF to change the path loss reference RS of the specific cell / BS / TRP.

[0389] For example, the UE may periodically measure the RSRP value and / or propagation time (e.g., the first arrival signal path and / or the nth arrival signal path) of a DL RS (e.g., SSB, PRS, or CSI-RS) configured as a path loss reference RS, and when the propagation time measurement value of the RS resource exceeds a specific threshold K (>0) or more times within a specific time window, the UE may request the BS / location server / LMF to change the path loss reference RS of the cell / BS / TRP.

[0390] And / or, according to various embodiments, another criterion may also be considered. For example, the UE may already know a specific SSB index / PRS resource (index) ( / CSI-RS resource (index)) with a minimum propagation time for a specific cell / BS / TRP. Therefore, it can be considered that the UE requests a change in the path loss reference RS in a beam direction suitable for timing measurement without a separate reference.

[0391] According to various embodiments, cell ID + RS information may be reported to request a beam direction with minimized propagation time. According to various embodiments, a specific cell / BS / TRP ID and / or RS information may be reported to request a beam direction with minimized propagation time, which will be described in more detail below.

[0392] [Quality of propagation time measurement]

[0393] In the description of various embodiments, the propagation time measurement quality of a specific DL RS resource (eg, SSB, PRS resource, or CSI-RS resource) may be interpreted / defined / configured / determined differently.

[0394] For example, the propagation time measurement quality may be considered as the signal strength / power level of the first arriving signal path.

[0395] For example, when a propagation delay profile of a particular RS resource includes five signal taps, a ratio of the signal power of the first arriving signal path to each of the other signal paths may be defined / considered.

[0396] For example, the absolute value of the signal strength / power of the first arriving signal path may be defined / considered.

[0397] For example, since the first arriving signal may be considered as a noise signal, propagation time delays and / or signal strengths of the first N (>0) signal paths may be defined / considered.

[0398] For example, the propagation time measurement quality may be defined / considered as the signal power / strength of the first arriving signal path that exceeds a certain signal power / strength level.

[0399] In the description of various embodiments, the operation of the UE selecting the one with the best measurement quality may mean selecting a maximum measurement criterion / quality / value to be defined / determined / interpreted in various ways.

[0400] According to various embodiments, the UE may select and / or report the best N measurement qualities. This may mean that the UE selects and / or reports the N bars with the largest measurement quality values ​​among the obtained measurement qualities.

[0401] UE report information

[0402] According to various embodiments, when the UE requests a beam change between the BS and the UE, specific physical cell / BS / TRP information and / or DL ​​RS resource ID / index (e.g., SSB / PRS resource / CSI-RS resource index) sent from the cell / BS / TRP may be reported / sent to the BS / location server / LMF. According to various embodiments, it can be seen that the UE sends a request to send specific / BS / TRP information in the RS resource beam direction.

[0403] According to various embodiments, the UE may request that a TX beam direction of a specific angle / direction be used for PRS resources transmitted from a specific cell / BS / TRP. According to various embodiments, the UE may request to use a TX beam of a specific angle using absolute / relative coordinates as a reference. And / or, according to various embodiments, the UE may also request information about the beam width and information about the beam direction.

[0404] According to various embodiments, when the UE requests a beam change, the UE may notify the BS / location server / LMF of propagation time / ToA measurement value information on the beam (DL RS resource (e.g., SSB, PRS resource, or CSI-RS resource)) to be requested to be changed. And / or, according to various embodiments, the UE may report the propagation time difference information between the reference / critical propagation time value and the beam / DL RS resource requested to be changed to the BS / location server / LMF.

[0405] According to various embodiments, the UE may report DL RS information (e.g., PRS resource ID / PRS resource set ID / SSB index) from the cell / BS / TRP and RS information configured as QCL type D and / or spatial relationship information to the BS / location server / LMF. The information may be characterized as being selected only from RSs configured with QCL type D and / or spatial relationship information.

[0406] Additionally and / or separately, according to various embodiments, the location server / LMF may recommend / indicate to the BS the beam direction of the cell / BS / TRP for sending DL PRS (beam direction of the cell / BS / TRP for sending) and / or receiving UL SRS (for positioning). According to various embodiments, since the UE performs timing measurements and reports relevant information to the location server / LMF, the location server / LMF may know the transmission / reception beam information suitable for measuring timing measurements better than the BS. According to various embodiments, information related to the beam recommended / delivered to the BS by the location server / LMF may be transmitted via NRPPa.

[0407] Solution #3: Timing Measurement Compensation

[0408] (Downlink)

[0409] When the indicated / configured UE receive RX beam is not optimized for positioning

[0410] (and / or when the TX beam of the corresponding BS is not optimized for positioning)

[0411] For example, when the QCL type D of the PRS resource is configured to configure a reception beam suitable for the UE through a beam management process based on RSRP / SINR / SNR, the beam direction may be different from the optimal beam for timing measurement acquisition.

[0412] [Data storage]

[0413] According to various embodiments, the UE may be instructed / configured to perform RSRP / SINR / SNR measurements for specific DL RS resources (e.g., SSB, PRS resources, or CSI-RS resources) sent from a (physical / geometric) service / neighboring cell / BS / TRP. According to various embodiments, when the UE performs RSRP / SINR / SNR measurements for specific DL RS resources, the UE may measure and store the propagation time of the nth (n is a natural number) arrival signal path and / or the signal strength of the nth arrival signal path. According to various embodiments, this operation of the UE may be configured / indicated from the network, and / or the UE may perform the operation (as a default operation) without a separate instruction / configuration. And / or, according to various embodiments, it may be determined whether to perform the operation based on the UE capabilities of the UE. For example, information about the UE capabilities related to the above-mentioned operations of the UE may be reported to the network. For example, the network may indicate / configure the operation based on the UE capabilities. As another example, when the UE supports the above-mentioned operations of the UE, the UE may perform the above-mentioned operations (as a default operation) without separate instructions / configurations.

[0414] According to various embodiments, the UE may measure and store the propagation time of each SSB index (and / or CSI-RS resource / PRS resource). According to various embodiments, the UE may store the propagation time of the receive beam direction used when receiving the RS. For example, the UE may perform this operation within a specific window period and / or buffer area. For example, such information may be used for UE positioning.

[0415] Case 1

[0416] According to various embodiments, when the UE receives DL PRS resources sent from a specific cell / BS / TRP for UE positioning, the UE may follow the QCL type D (e.g., SSB / PRS resources / CSI-RS resources) configured for use when receiving DL PRS resources.

[0417] For example, even if the UE knows a receiving beam direction that is more suitable for timing measurement, the UE may follow the network's indication / configuration. For example, the UE may receive DL PRS resources based on the receiving beam direction indicated / configured from the network, but may consider one or more of the following options:

[0418] Option 1

[0419] According to various embodiments, the UE may obtain (measured value of) the propagation time / ToA / ToF of the DL PRS resource at one time. According to various embodiments, the UE may identify (expected / estimated measured value of) the expected / estimated propagation time / ToA / ToF when receiving the DL PRS sent from the cell / BS / TRP in the optimized reception beam direction based on pre-stored data. According to various embodiments, the UE may compensate the propagation time / ToA / ToF measured value of the PRS resource based on the pre-stored data. For example, the difference between the expected / estimated measured value and the received measured value of the DL PRS resource may be compensated.

[0420] According to various embodiments, the UE may use the compensation value to calculate / obtain RSTD measurements and / or UE RX-TX time difference measurements, and may report them to the BS / location server / LMF.

[0421] Option 2

[0422] According to various embodiments, the UE may not compensate for the timing measurement obtained for the DL PRS resources and may use the timing measurement to report RSTD and / or UE RX-TX time difference measurement without change.

[0423] Additionally and / or separately, according to various embodiments, the UE may inform the BS / location server / LMF of the value that needs to be compensated for the reported value. For example, Δ may be reported as the difference between the reported RSTD value and / or the UE RX-TX time difference measurement. According to various embodiments, the operation of the UE may be indicated / configured from the BS / location server / LMF.

[0424] Case 2

[0425] According to various embodiments, when the UE receives DL PRS resources transmitted from a specific cell / BS / TRP for UE positioning, the UE may use a receive beam that is more suitable for timing measurement (e.g., propagation time / ToA / ToF) instead of following the QCL type D (e.g., SSB / PRS resources / CSI-RS resources) configured to be used when the UE receives DL PRS resources. According to various embodiments, the operation of the UE may be indicated / configured from the BS / location server / LMF.

[0426] According to various embodiments, when the UE identifies a receive beam that is more suitable for timing measurement, the UE may be configured / instructed to use the receive beam. According to various embodiments, in this case, the UE may use a receive beam direction suitable for obtaining timing measurement.

[0427] However, for example, a cell / BS / TRP for transmitting PRS resources may use a transmission beam with a maximum RSRP / SNR / SINR value, rather than obtaining an optimal transmission beam direction for timing measurement.

[0428] For example, the UE may report the used receive beam (e.g., RS resource ID / index) and / or receive panel information to the BS / location server / LMF. For example, the UE's operation may be mandatory. For example, the UE may basically perform such an operation without separate configuration / instruction. It may be considered that this may not be suitable for measurement acquisition because the receive beam is directed to a direction different from the direction in which the transmission from the transmitting end to the main lobe is performed.

[0429] In the description of various embodiments, "panel" may be interpreted differently as "antenna element group of UE" / "antenna port group of UE" / "logical antenna group of UE". For example, various methods may be used to determine which physical / logical antennas and / or antenna ports are bundled and mapped to one panel, taking into account the location / distance / correlation between antennas / RF configurations / antenna (port) virtualization methods, etc. For example, such a mapping process may vary depending on the implementation of the UE.

[0430] And / or, in the description of various embodiments, "panel" may be replaced by "plurality of panels" and / or "group of panels" that have similarities in specific characteristics (e.g., when the difference in values ​​associated with the specific characteristics is within a predetermined range and / or below a predetermined threshold, etc.).

[0431] According to various embodiments, case 1 and case 2 may be performed separately or in combination. For example, when the UE itself is configured / instructed to use a receiving beam that is more suitable for timing measurement, the UE may operate according to case 2, and when the UE is not configured / instructed, the UE may operate according to case 1.

[0432] (Uplink)

[0433] When the indicated / configured UE transmit TX beam is not optimized for positioning

[0434] (and / or when the RX beam of the corresponding BS is not optimized for positioning)

[0435] In the description of various embodiments, in order to configure a transmit TX beam suitable for a UE through beam management based on RSRP / SINR / SNR, etc., the spatial relationship source of the SRS resource can be used to configure / indicate the SSB, etc.

[0436] Case 1

[0437] According to various embodiments, the UE may follow the spatial relationship information indicated from the network without change in order to transmit SRS resources for positioning.

[0438] For example, the UE may not know exactly the impact of the timing measurement reception of the cell / BS / TRP according to the transmit beam, but according to the beam direction identified when receiving the DL PRS / SSB, the UE can identify the degree of impact on the DL timing measurement. Therefore, according to various embodiments, the UE can report the difference in timing measurement to the BS / location server / LMF according to the beam direction identified when receiving the DL. For example, the UE can notify the gNB RX-TX time difference measurement of a specific cell / BS / TRP. Correction value.

[0439] For example, in this case, the UE may not be able to correct its UE RX-TX time difference measurement due to the influence of the UE on the transmit beam. For example, the UE may report the timing measurement difference between the SSB#0 direction configured as the spatial relationship information and the SSB#1 direction used to obtain the best timing measurement during DL reception, and the timing measurement difference may be used in the correction.

[0440] Case 2

[0441] According to various embodiments, when the UE transmits an SRS resource for positioning, the UE may change the current beam to a beam more suitable for timing measurement without using the spatial relationship information indicated / configured in the SRS resource. According to various embodiments, the UE may report the changed TX beam direction information (e.g., SRS resource ID, SSB index, or PRS resource ID) to the BS / location server / LMF. For example, the TX beam direction information may include UE-specific RS information and / or transmit panel information.

[0442] According to various embodiments, case 1 and case 2 may be performed separately or in combination. For example, when the UE itself is configured / instructed to use a transmit beam that is more suitable for timing measurement, the UE may operate according to case 2, and when the UE is not configured / instructed, the UE may operate according to case 1.

[0443] Beam Management (BM)

[0444] BM is a series of processes for acquiring and maintaining a set of BS (or transmit and receive point (TRP)) beams and / or UE beams that can be used for DL ​​and UL transmission / reception. BM may include the following procedures and terms.

[0445] -Beam measurement: The BS or UE measures the characteristics of the received beamformed signal.

[0446] -Beam determination: The BS or UE selects its Tx beam / receive (Rx) beam.

[0447] - Beam scanning: Covering the spatial domain by using Tx beams and / or Rx beams in a predetermined manner during a predetermined time interval.

[0448] -Beam reporting: The UE reports information about the beamformed signal based on beam measurements.

[0449] The BM process may be divided into (1) a DL BM process using SSB or CSI-RS and (2) a UL BM process using a sounding reference signal (SRS). In addition, each BM process may include Tx beam scanning for determining a Tx beam and Rx beam scanning for determining an Rx beam.

[0450] DL BM process

[0451] The DL BM process may include (1) transmission of a beamformed DL RS (eg, CSI-RS or SSB) from the BS and (2) beam reporting from the UE.

[0452] The beam report may include a preferred DL RS ID and a reference signal received power (RSRP) corresponding to the preferred DL RS ID. The DL RS ID may be a SSB resource indicator (SSBRI) or a CSI-RS resource indicator (CRI).

[0453] Fig.15 is a diagram illustrating exemplary beamforming using SSB and CSI-RS to which various embodiments are applicable.

[0454] Reference Fig.15 , SSB beam and CSI-RS beam can be used for beam measurement. The measurement metric is RSRP per resource / block. SSB can be used for coarse beam measurement, while CSI-RS can be used for fine beam measurement. SSB can be used for both Tx beam scanning and Rx beam scanning. SSB-based Rx beam scanning can be performed by trying to receive SSBs of the same SSBRI while changing the Rx beam across multiple SSB bursts at the UE. An SS burst includes one or more SSBs, and an SS burst set includes one or more SSB bursts.

[0455] DL BM using SSB

[0456] Fig.16 is a diagram illustrating a signal flow of an exemplary DL BM process using SSB.

[0457] SSB based beam reporting is configured during CSI / beam configuration in RRC_CONNECTED mode.

[0458] -The UE receives a CSI-ResourceConfig information element (IE) including a CSI-SSB-ResourceSetList of SSB resources for BM from the BS (S1610). The RRC parameter csi-SSB-ResourceSetList is a list of SSB resources used for BM and reporting in one resource set. The SSB resource set can be configured as {SSBx1, SSBx2, SSBx3, SSBx4, ...}. The SSB index can range from 0 to 63.

[0459] -The UE receives a signal in SSB resources from the BS based on the CSI-SSB-ResourceSetList (420).

[0460] -When CSI-RS reportConfig related to SSBRI and RSRP reporting is configured, the UE reports the best SSBRI and the RSRP corresponding to the best SSBRI to the BS (430). For example, when reportQuantity in the CSI-RS reportConfig IE is set to "ssb-Index-RSRP", the UE reports the best SSBRI and the RSRP corresponding to the best SSBRI to the BS.

[0461] When CSI-RS resources are configured in OFDM symbols carrying SSBs and "QCL-TypeD" is applicable to CSI-RS resources and SSBs, the UE may assume that CSI-RS and SSBs are quasi-co-located (QCL) from the perspective of "QCL-TypeD". QCL-TypeD may mean that the antenna port is QCL from the perspective of spatial Rx parameters. When the UE receives signals from multiple DL antenna ports in a QCL-TypeD relationship, the UE may apply the same Rx beam to the signals.

[0462] DL BM using CSI-RS

[0463] CSI-RS is used for the following purposes: i) when Repetition is configured for a specific CSI-RS resource set and TRS_info is not configured, CSI-RS is used for BM; ii) when repetition is not configured for a specific CSI-RS resource set and TRS_info is configured, CSI-RS is used as a tracking reference signal (TRS); and iii) when neither repetition nor TRS_info is configured for a specific CSI-RS resource set, CSI-RS is used for CSI acquisition.

[0464] When (RRC parameter) Repetition is set to "ON", this is related to the UE's Rx beam scanning process. When Repetition is set to "ON", when the UE is configured with NZP-CSI-RS-ResourceSet, the UE can assume that the signals in at least one CSI-RS resource within the NZP-CSI-RS-ResourceSet are sent through the same DL spatial domain filter. That is, at least one CSI-RS resource within the NZP-CSI-RS-ResourceSet is sent on the same Tx beam. The signals in at least one CSI-RS resource within the NZP-CSI-RS-ResourceSet can be sent in different OFDM symbols.

[0465] In contrast, when Repetition is set to "OFF", this is related to the Tx beam scanning process of the BS. When Repetition is set to "OFF", the UE does not assume that the signals in at least one CSI-RS resource within the NZP-CSI-RS-ResourceSet are sent through the same DL spatial domain filter. That is, the signals in at least one CSI-RS resource within the NZP-CSI-RS-ResourceSet are sent on different Tx beams.

[0466] Fig.17 FIG. 5 is an illustration of an exemplary DL BM procedure using CSI-RS to which various embodiments may be applicable.

[0467] Fig.17 (a) illustrates the Rx beam determination (or refinement) process of the UE, Fig.17 (b) shows the Tx beam scanning process of the BS. In addition, Fig.17 (a) is when Repetition is set to "ON". Fig.17 (b) is the case where Repetition is set to "OFF".

[0468] Reference Fig.17 (a) and Fig.18 , the Rx beam determination process of the UE will be described below.

[0469] Fig.18 is a diagram illustrating a signal flow of an exemplary Rx beam determination process of a UE.

[0470] - The UE receives the NZP CSI-RS resource set IE including the RRC parameter "repetition" from the BS through RRC signaling (610). Here, the RRC parameter "repetition" is set to "ON".

[0471] - The UE repeatedly receives signals in resources of a CSI-RS resource set (for which the RRC parameter "repetition" is set to "ON") on the same Tx beam (or DL ​​spatial domain Tx filter) of the BS in different OFDM symbols (620).

[0472] - The UE determines its Rx beam (630).

[0473] -UE skips CSI reporting (640). That is, when the RRC parameter "repetition" is set to "ON", the UE may skip CSI reporting.

[0474] Reference Fig.17 (b) and Fig.19 , the Tx beam determination process of the BS will be described below.

[0475] Fig.19 is a diagram illustrating an exemplary Tx beam determination process of a BS to which various embodiments are applicable.

[0476] - The UE receives the NZP CSI-RS resource set IE including the RRC parameter "repetition" from the BS through RRC signaling (710). Here, the RRC parameter "repetition" is set to "OFF", which is related to the Tx beam scanning process of the BS.

[0477] - The UE receives signals in resources of a CSI-RS resource set (for which the RRC parameter "repetition" is set to "OFF") on different Tx beams (or DL ​​spatial domain Tx filters) of the BS (720).

[0478] - The UE selects (or determines) the best beam (740).

[0479] - The UE reports the ID (eg, CRI) and related quality information (eg, RSRP) of the selected beam to the BS (740). That is, when transmitting CSI-RS for BM, the UE reports CRI and RSRP corresponding to the CRI to the BS.

[0480] Fig.14 is a diagram illustrating exemplary resource allocation in the time and frequency domains.

[0481] For example, time resources and frequency resources can be used to Fig.11 DL BM process.

[0482] When "repetition" is set to "ON" for a CSI-RS resource set, the same Tx beam can be reused for multiple CSI-RS resources, and when "repetition" is set to "OFF" for a CSI-RS resource set, different CSI-RS resources can be sent on different Tx beams.

[0483] DL BM related beam indication

[0484] The UE may receive a list of at least up to M candidate transmission configuration indication (TCI) states for QCL indication via RRC signaling. M depends on the UE capability and may be 64.

[0485] Each TCI state may be configured with one RS set. Table 8 describes an example of TCI-State IE. TC-State IE is associated with a QCL type corresponding to one or two DL RSs.

[0486] [Table 8]

[0487] --TCI-State

[0488] IE TCI-State associates one or two DL reference signals with the corresponding Quasi Co-location (QCL) type.

[0489] TCI-State Information Element

[0490]

[0491] In Table 8, "bwp-Id" identifies the DLBWP where the RS is located, "cell" indicates the carrier where the RS is located, and "referencesignal" indicates the reference antenna port used as the QCL source for the target antenna port or the RS including the reference antenna port. The target antenna port can be used for CSI-RS, PDCCH DMRS, or PDSCH DMRS.

[0492] UL BM procedure (beam indication)

[0493] The DL BM process may include (1) transmission of a beamformed DL RS (eg, CSI-RS or SSB) from the BS and (2) beam reporting from the UE.

[0494] In ULBM, reciprocity (or beam correspondence) between Tx beam and Rx beam may or may not be established depending on UE implementation. When Tx beam-Rx beam reciprocity is established in both BS and UE, UL beam pair can be obtained based on DL beam pair. However, when Tx beam-Rx beam reciprocity is not established in at least one of BS or UE, a process of determining UL beam pair separately from DL beam pair determination is necessary.

[0495] Even when both the BS and the UE maintain beam correspondence, the BS can determine the DL Tx beam using the UL BM procedure even if the UE does not request a report of a (preferred) beam.

[0496] UM BM can be performed by beamforming UL SRS transmission, and whether UL BM is applied to the SRS resource set is configured by (RRC parameter) usage. When usage is set to "Beam Management (BM)", only one SRS resource in each of multiple SRS resource sets can be transmitted at a given time.

[0497] The UE may be configured with one or more sounding reference signal (SRS) resource sets configured by (RRC layer parameter) SRS-ResourceSet (through RRC signaling). For each SRS resource set, the UE may be configured with K ≥ 1 SRS resources, where K is a natural number and the maximum value of K is indicated by SRS_capability.

[0498] Similar to the DL BM, the UL BM procedure may be divided into Tx beam scanning of the UE and Rx beam scanning of the BS.

[0499] Fig.21 An exemplary UL BM procedure using SRS to which various embodiments are applicable is illustrated.

[0500] Fig.21 (a) illustrates the Rx beamforming determination process of the BS, Fig.21 (b) illustrates the Tx beam scanning process of the UE.

[0501] Fig. 22 is a diagram illustrating a signal flow of an exemplary UL BM procedure using SRS to which various embodiments are applicable.

[0502] - The UE receives RRC signaling (e.g., SRS-Config IE) including (RRC parameter) usage set to "beam management" from the BS (1010). The SRS-Config IE is used for SRS transmission configuration. The SRS-Config IE includes an SRS resource list and an SRS resource set list. Each SRS resource set refers to a collection of SRS resources.

[0503] -The UE determines Tx beamforming of the SRS resource to be transmitted based on the SRS-SpatialRelation Info included in the SRS-Config IE (1020). The SRS-SpatialRelation Info is configured for each SRS resource and indicates whether the same beamforming as that for SSB, CSI-RS, or SRS is applied on an SRS resource basis.

[0504] -If SRS-SpatialRelationInfo is configured for SRS resources, the same beamforming as that for SSB, CSI-RS, or SRS is applied to transmission. However, if SRS-SpatialRelationInfo is not configured for SRS resources, the UE randomly determines Tx beamforming and transmits SRS through the determined Tx beamforming (1030).

[0505] More specifically, for a P-SRS with "SRS-ResourceConfigType" set to "periodic":

[0506] i) if SRS-SpatialRelationInfo is set to "SSB / PBCH", the UE transmits the corresponding SRS by applying the same spatial domain transmit filter as the spatial domain Rx filter used to receive SSB / PBCH (or a spatial domain transmit filter generated from the corresponding filter); or

[0507] ii) if SRS-SpatialRelationInfo is set to "CSI-RS", the UE transmits the SRS by applying the same spatial domain transmit filter used to receive the CSI-RS; or

[0508] iii) If SRS-SpatialRelationInfo is set to "SRS", the UE transmits the SRS by applying the same spatial domain transmit filter used to transmit the SRS.

[0509] - In addition, the UE may or may not receive feedback for the SRS from the BS, as in the following three cases (1040).

[0510] i) If Spatial_Relation_Info is configured for all SRS resources within the SRS resource set, the UE transmits the SRS using the beam indicated by the BS. For example, if Spatial_Relation_Info indicates all the same SSB, CRI or SRI, the UE repeatedly transmits the SRS using the same beam.

[0511] ii) Spatial_Relation_Info may not be configured for any SRS resource within the SRS resource set. In this case, the UE may perform transmission while freely changing SRS beamforming.

[0512] iii) Spatial_Relation_Info may be configured only for some SRS resources within an SRS resource set. In this case, the UE may transmit SRS using the indicated beam in the configured SRS resources by randomly applying Tx beamforming, and transmit SRS in SRS resources for which Spatial_Relation_Info is not configured.

[0513] Uplink Power Control

[0514] In a wireless communication system, it may be necessary to increase or decrease the transmit power of a UE and / or mobile device depending on the situation. Controlling the transmit power of a UE and / or mobile device may be referred to as UL power control. For example, transmit power control may be applied to meet the requirements of a BS (e.g., gNB, eNB, etc.) (e.g., signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), bit error rate (BER), block error rate (BLER), etc.).

[0515] The above-mentioned power control may be performed according to an open-loop power control method and a closed-loop power control method.

[0516] Specifically, the open-loop power control method refers to a method of controlling the transmission power without feedback from a transmitting device (e.g., BS, etc.) to a receiving device (e.g., UE, etc.) and / or feedback from a receiving device to a transmitting device. For example, the UE may receive a specific channel / signal (pilot channel / signal) from the BS and estimate the strength of the received power based on the received channel / signal. Then, the UE may control the transmission power based on the estimated strength of the received power.

[0517] On the other hand, the closed-loop power control method refers to a method of controlling the transmission power based on feedback from the transmission device to the receiving device and / or feedback from the receiving device to the transmission device. For example, the BS receives a specific channel / signal from the UE and determines the preferred power level of the UE based on the power level, SNR, BER, BLER, etc. measured according to the received specific channel / signal. The BS can send information (i.e., feedback) about the determined preferred power level to the UE on a control channel, and the UE can control the transmission power based on the feedback provided by the BS.

[0518] Hereinafter, a power control method in a case where a UE and / or a mobile device performs UL transmission to a BS in a wireless communication system will be described in detail. Specifically, a power control method for the following transmissions will be described: 1) UL data channel (e.g., PUSCH); 2) UL control channel (e.g., PUCCH); 3) SRS; and / or 4) random access channel (e.g., PRACH). In this case, the transmission timing (i.e., transmission time unit) of PUSCH, PUCCH, SRS, and / or PRACH can be defined by a slot index (n_s) in a frame with a system frame number (SFN), a first symbol (S) in a slot, the number of consecutive symbols (L), etc.

[0519] Power Control of SRS (Sounding Reference Signal)

[0520] Regarding SRS transmission in the active UL BWP of carrier (f) of serving cell (c), the UE may calculate a linear power value of the transmission power determined by the following Equation 3. Thereafter, the UE may control the transmission power by equally dividing the calculated linear power value on the antenna ports configured for SRS.

[0521] Specifically, when the UE performs SRS transmission in the active UL BWP (b) of the carrier (f) of the serving cell (c) using the SRS power control adjustment state based on index l, the UE can determine the SRS transmission power P at the SRS transmission opportunity (i) based on the following equation 7: SRS,b,f,c (i,q s ,l)(dBm).

[0522] [Formula 7]

[0523]

[0524] In Equation 7, q_s represents the open-loop power control parameters (e.g., P_o, alpha (α), and the parameters for path loss (PL) measurement (e.g., PL b,f,c (q d)) of the DL RS resource, etc.), which can be configured for the SRS resource set. Index l represents the index of the closed-loop power control process, and the corresponding index can be independent of the PUSCH configuration or relative to the PUSCH configuration. If the SRS power control is independent of the PUSCH, the maximum number of closed-loop power control processes for the SRS can be 1.

[0525] In addition, P_o (for example, P O_SRS,b,f,c (q s )) is a parameter broadcast as part of system information and may represent a target receive power of a receiver. The corresponding P_o value may be configured taking into account UE throughput, cell capacity, noise and / or interference, etc. α (e.g., α SRS,b,f,c (q s )) may represent a rate for compensating PL. α may have a value from 0 to 1, and full path loss compensation or partial path loss compensation may be performed according to the configured value. In this case, the α value may be configured in consideration of interference and / or data rate between UEs. In addition, P CMAX,f,c (i) may represent the configured UE transmit power. For example, the configured UE transmit power may be interpreted as the “configured maximum UE output power” defined in 3GPP TS 38.101-1 and / or TS 38.101-2. SRS,b,f,c (i) can represent the SRS resource allocation bandwidth, which is represented by the number of RBs in the SRS transmission opportunity based on SCS (μ). In addition, h related to the SRS power control adjustment state b，f，c (i, l) can be configured or indicated based on the TPC command field (e.g., DCI format 2_3, etc.) and / or RRC parameters (e.g., srs-PowerControlAdjustmentStates, etc.) of the DCI received or detected by the UE.

[0526] The resource used for SRS transmission may be applied as a reference for the BS and / or UE to determine a beam, a panel, and / or a spatial domain transmission filter. Therefore, SRS transmission power control may be performed in units of a beam, a panel, and / or a spatial domain transmission filter.

[0527] The above parameters and / or information for SRS power control may be configured separately (independently) for each BWP. In this case, the corresponding parameters and / or information may be configured or indicated by high-layer signaling (e.g., RRC signaling, MAC-CE, etc.) and / or DCI. For example, the parameters and / or information for SRS power control may be provided by RRC signaling such as SRS-Config, SRS-TPC-CommandConfig, etc. Table 9 below shows the configuration of SRS-Config and SRS-TPC-CommandConfig. The definition and details of each parameter may be found in 3GPP TS Rel.16 38.331.

[0528] [Table 9]

[0529]

[0530]

[0531]

[0532] The UE may determine or calculate the PRACH transmit power according to the above method, and transmit the PRACH based on the determined or calculated PRACH transmit power.

[0533] Fig.23 is a diagram illustrating an exemplary process for controlling UL transmit power to which various embodiments are applicable.

[0534] First, the UE may receive parameters and / or information related to transmit power (Tx power) from the BS (1005). In this case, the UE may receive corresponding parameters and / or information through high-layer signaling (e.g., RRC signaling, MAC-CE, etc.). For example, for PUSCH transmission, PUCCH transmission, SRS transmission, and / or PRACH transmission, the UE may receive the above parameters and / or information related to transmit power control.

[0535] The UE may receive a TPC command related to the transmission power from the BS (1010). In this case, the UE may receive the corresponding TPC command through lower layer signaling (e.g., DCI). For example, for PUSCH transmission, PUCCH transmission, and / or SRS transmission, the UE may receive information about the TPC command to be used for determining the power control adjustment state, etc. in the TPC command field of the predefined DCI format as described above. However, the corresponding step may be omitted in PRACH transmission.

[0536] The UE may determine (or calculate) the transmit power for UL transmission based on the parameters, information and / or TPC command received from the BS (1015). For example, the UE may determine the PUSCH transmit power, PUCCH transmit power, SRS transmit power and / or PRACH transmit power according to the above method (e.g., equations 1 to 4, etc.). Additionally / alternatively, when two or more UL channels and / or signals need to be transmitted together as in carrier aggregation, the UE may determine the transmit power for UL transmission considering the above priority.

[0537] The UE may perform transmission of one or more UL channels and / or signals (eg, PUSCH, PUCCH, SRS, PRACH, etc.) to the BS based on the determined (or calculated) transmission power (1020).

[0538] The above-mentioned beam management process and / or uplink power control process can be combined with the contents of the above-mentioned Parts 1 to 3 to configure various other implementations, which is obvious to ordinary technicians in the field.

[0539] Fig.24 is a diagram schematically illustrating a method of operating a UE and a network node according to various embodiments.

[0540] Fig.25 is a flowchart illustrating a method of operating a UE according to various embodiments.

[0541] Fig.26 is a flow chart illustrating a method of operating a network node according to various embodiments. For example, the network node may be a TP, a BS, a cell, a location server, a LMF and / or any device that performs the same work.

[0542] Reference Figure 24 to Figure 26 In operations 2401, 2501, and 2601 according to various embodiments, a network node may send information related to quasi co-location (QCL) between at least one downlink (DL) reference signal (RS) resource and at least one RS resource for positioning, and a UE may receive the information.

[0543] In operations 2403 , 2503 , and 2603 according to various embodiments, the network node may transmit at least one RS for positioning, and the UE may receive the RS.

[0544] In operations 2405 and 2505 according to various embodiments, the UE may obtain a compensation value for positioning based on the fact that a first RS resource for positioning obtained from at least one RS resource is different from a second RS resource based on information related to the QCL and a quality measurement value related to each of at least one DL RS.

[0545] According to various embodiments, the second RS resource may be obtained from at least one RS resource used for positioning based on a propagation time associated with each of at least one DL RS resource.

[0546] In operations 2407 , 2507 , and 2607 according to various embodiments, the UE may transmit a measurement value for positioning related to a compensation value for positioning, and the network node may receive the measurement value for positioning.

[0547] Not all operations 2401 to 2607 according to various embodiments are necessary, and one or more operations may be omitted. For example, operations 2407, 2507, and 2607 may be omitted.

[0548] The specific operations of the UE and / or the network node according to the above various embodiments may be described and performed based on Parts 1 to 3 described above.

[0549] Since the examples of the above-mentioned proposed methods can also be included in one of the implementation methods of various embodiments, it is obvious that these examples are regarded as a proposed method. Although the above-mentioned proposed methods can be implemented independently, the proposed methods can be implemented in a combined (aggregated) form of a part of the proposed methods. A rule can be defined so that the BS notifies the UE of information about whether to apply the proposed method (or information about the rule of the proposed method) through a predetermined signal (e.g., a physical layer signal or a high layer signal).

[0550] 4. Exemplary Configuration of Devices for Implementing Various Embodiments

[0551] 4.1. Exemplary Configurations of Apparatuses to Which Various Embodiments Are Applicable

[0552] Fig. 27 The diagrams illustrate apparatuses for implementing various embodiments.

[0553] Fig. 27 The apparatus shown may be a UE and / or a BS (e.g., an eNB or a gNB or a TP) and / or a location server (or a LMF) suitable for performing the above-described mechanisms, or any apparatus that performs the same operations.

[0554] Reference Fig. 27, the device may include a digital signal processor (DSP) / microprocessor 210 and a radio frequency (RF) module (transceiver) 235. The DSP / microprocessor 210 is electrically coupled to the transceiver 235 and controls the transceiver 235. The device may also include a power management module 205, a battery 255, a display 215, a keypad 220, a SIM card 225, a memory device 230, an antenna 240, a speaker 245, and an input device 250, according to the designer's choice.

[0555] Specifically, Fig. 27 A UE including a receiver 235 configured to receive a request message from a network and a transmitter 235 configured to send timing transmission / reception timing information to the network may be exemplified. These receivers and transmitters may form a transceiver 235. The UE may further include a processor 210 coupled to the transceiver 235.

[0556] also, Fig. 27 A network device including a transmitter 235 and a receiver 235 may be exemplified, the transmitter 235 being configured to send a request message to the UE, and the receiver 235 being configured to receive timing transmission / reception timing information from the UE. These transmitters and receivers may form a transceiver 235. The network may further include a processor 210 coupled to the transceiver 235. The processor 210 may calculate a delay based on the transmission / reception timing information.

[0557] The processor of the UE (or a communication device included in the UE) and / or the BS (or a communication device included in the BS) and / or the location server (or a communication device included in the location server) may operate by controlling the memory as follows.

[0558] According to various embodiments, the UE or BS or location server may include at least one transceiver, at least one memory and at least one processor coupled to the at least one transceiver and the at least one memory. The at least one memory may store instructions for causing the at least one processor to perform the following operations.

[0559] The communication device included in the UE or the BS or the location server may be configured to include at least one processor and at least one memory. The communication device may be configured to include at least one transceiver or be coupled to at least one transceiver instead of including at least one transceiver.

[0560] A TP and / or a BS and / or a cell and / or a location server and / or a LMF and / or any device performing the same may be referred to as a network node.

[0561] According to various embodiments, one or more processors included in a UE (or one or more processors of a communication device included in the UE) may receive information related to quasi co-location (QCL) between at least one downlink (DL) reference signal (RS) resource and at least one RS resource for positioning.

[0562] According to various embodiments, one or more processors included in a UE may receive at least one RS resource for positioning.

[0563] According to various embodiments, one or more processors included in the UE may obtain a compensation value for positioning based on the fact that a first RS resource for positioning obtained from at least one RS resource is different from a second RS resource based on information related to the QCL and a quality measurement value related to each of at least one DL RS.

[0564] According to various embodiments, the second RS resource may be obtained from at least one RS resource used for positioning based on a propagation time associated with each of at least one DL RS resource.

[0565] According to various embodiments, one or more processors included in the UE may report positioning-related measurements.

[0566] According to various embodiments, for the measurement value related to positioning, at least one of the following items may be satisfied: (i) the measurement value related to the positioning is obtained based on a compensation value applied to the measurement value related to positioning for the first RS resource; or (ii) the measurement value related to the positioning includes the measurement value related to positioning for the first RS resource and the compensation value.

[0567] According to various embodiments, the compensation value may be obtained based on a difference between a measurement value associated with positioning for the first RS resource and an estimated measurement value associated with positioning for the second RS resource.

[0568] According to various embodiments, the first RS resource may be an RS resource corresponding to a maximum (maximum) RSRP among one or more RS resources used for positioning.

[0569] According to various embodiments, the second RS resource may be an RS resource corresponding to a minimum propagation time among at least one RS used for positioning.

[0570] According to various embodiments, the compensation value may be acquired based on (i) the first RS resource is different from the second RS resource and (ii) the configuration related to the receive beam changing operation is not received.

[0571] According to various embodiments, based on (i) the first RS resource is different from the second RS resource and (ii) a configuration related to the receive beam changing operation is received, instead of obtaining the compensation value, the second RS resource can be acquired based on a QCL type D configuration different from the QCL type D configuration obtained from the information related to the QCL.

[0572] According to various embodiments, the QCL type D configuration obtained from the information related to the QCL may be related to data communication.

[0573] According to various embodiments, a QCL type D configuration different from the QCL type D configuration obtained from the information related to the QCL may be related to the positioning.

[0574] According to various embodiments, the quality measurement may include at least one of a reference signal received power (RSRP), a signal to interference plus noise ratio (SINR), or a signal to noise ratio (SNR).

[0575] According to various embodiments, one or more processors included in a network node (or one or more processors included in a communication device in the network node) may send information related to quasi co-location (QCL) between at least one downlink (DL) reference signal (RS) resource and at least one RS resource for positioning.

[0576] According to various embodiments, one or more RS resources may be transmitted for positioning.

[0577] According to various embodiments, a measurement value for positioning related to a compensation value for positioning may be acquired based on the fact that the first RS resource is different from the second RS resource.

[0578] According to various embodiments, a first RS resource may be acquired from among the one or more RS resources used for positioning based on information related to the QCL and a quality measurement value related to each of the at least one DL RS.

[0579] According to various embodiments, the second RS resource may be acquired among the one or more RS resources used for positioning based on a propagation time associated with each of the at least one DL RS resource.

[0580] The specific operations of the UE and / or the network node according to the above various embodiments may be described and performed based on Parts 1 to 3 described above.

[0581] Unless contradicted with each other, various embodiments may be implemented in combination. For example, unless contradicted with each other, the UE and / or network node (the processor included therein) according to various embodiments may perform operations in combination with the above embodiments described in Sections 1 to 3.

[0582] 4.2. Examples of communication systems to which various embodiments are applied

[0583] Various embodiments are described mainly about data transmission and reception between a BS and a UE in a wireless communication system. However, various embodiments are not limited thereto. For example, various embodiments may also involve the following technical configurations.

[0584] The various descriptions, functions, processes, suggestions, methods and / or operational flowcharts of the various embodiments described in this document may be applied to, but not limited to, various fields requiring wireless communication / connection between devices (e.g., 5G).

[0585] Hereinafter, a description will be given in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the following drawings / descriptions, unless otherwise described, the same reference symbols may represent the same or corresponding hardware blocks, software blocks or functional blocks.

[0586] Fig.28 An exemplary communication system to which various embodiments are applied is illustrated.

[0587] Reference Fig.28 , the communication system 1 applied to various embodiments includes a wireless device, a base station (BS) and a network. Here, the wireless device refers to a device that performs communication using a radio access technology (RAT) (e.g., 5G new RAT (NR)) or long term evolution (LTE)), and may be referred to as a communication / radio / 5G device. The wireless device may include, but is not limited to, a robot 100a, a vehicle 100b-1 and 100b-2, an extended reality (XR) device 100c, a handheld device 100d, a home appliance 100e, an Internet of Things (IoT) device 100f, and an artificial intelligence (AI) device / server 400. For example, a vehicle may include a vehicle with a wireless communication function, an autonomous driving vehicle, and a vehicle capable of performing communication between vehicles. In this article, a vehicle may include an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) (e.g., a drone). The XR device may include an augmented reality (AR) / virtual reality (VR) / mixed reality (MR) device, and may be implemented in the form of a head-mounted device (HMD), a head-up display (HUD) installed in a vehicle, a television, a smart phone, a computer, a wearable device, a home appliance device, a digital signage, a vehicle, a robot, etc. Handheld devices may include smart phones, smart tablets, wearable devices (e.g., smart watches or smart glasses), and computers (e.g., notebook computers). Home appliances may include TVs, refrigerators, and washing machines. IoT devices may include sensors and smart meters. For example, a BS and a network may be implemented as wireless devices, and a specific wireless device 200a may operate as a BS / network node relative to other wireless devices.

[0588] The wireless devices 100a to 100f may be connected to the network 300 via the BS 200. AI technology may be applied to the wireless devices 100a to 100f, and the wireless devices 100a to 100f may be connected to the AI ​​server 400 via the network 300. The network 300 may be configured using a 3G network, a 4G (e.g., LTE) network, or a 5G (e.g., NR) network. Although the wireless devices 100a to 100f may communicate with each other via the BS 200 / network 300, the wireless devices 100a to 100f may perform direct communication (e.g., side link communication) with each other without passing through the BS / network. For example, the vehicles 100b-1 and 100b-2 may perform direct communication (e.g., vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) / vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communication). An IoT device (e.g., a sensor) may perform direct communication with other IoT devices (e.g., a sensor) or other wireless devices 100a to 100f.

[0589] Wireless communication / connection 150a, 150b or 150c may be established between wireless devices 100a to 100f / BS 200 or BS 200 / BS 200. In this document, the wireless communication / connection may be established through various RATs (e.g., 5G NR) such as uplink / downlink communication 150a, sidelink communication 150b (or, D2D communication) or inter-BS communication (e.g., relay, integrated access backhaul (IAB)). The wireless device and the BS / wireless device may send / receive radio signals to each other through wireless communication / connection 150a and 150b. For example, wireless communication / connection 150a and 150b may send / receive signals through various physical channels. To this end, various configuration information configuration processes for sending / receiving radio signals, various signal processing processes (e.g., channel coding / decoding, modulation / demodulation and resource mapping / demapping) and at least a portion of a resource allocation process may be performed based on various proposals of various embodiments.

[0590] Examples of wireless devices to which various embodiments are applied

[0591] Fig.29 An exemplary wireless device to which various embodiments may be applicable is illustrated.

[0592] Reference Fig.29 , the first wireless device 100 and the second wireless device 200 may transmit radio signals through various RATs (e.g., LTE and NR). In this document, {the first wireless device 100 and the second wireless device 200} may correspond to Fig.28 {wireless device 100x and BS 200} and / or {wireless device 100x and wireless device 100x}.

[0593] The first wireless device 100 may include one or more processors 102 and one or more memories 104, and further include one or more transceivers 106 and / or one or more antennas 108. The processor 102 may control the memory 104 and / or the transceiver 106, and may be configured to implement the descriptions, functions, processes, suggestions, methods, and / or operational flowcharts disclosed herein. For example, the processor 102 may process the information in the memory 104 to generate first information / signals, and then transmit a radio signal including the first information / signals through the transceiver 106. The processor 102 may receive a radio signal including second information / signals through the transceiver 106, and then store information obtained by processing the second information / signals in the memory 104. The memory 104 may be connected to the processor 102 and may store various information related to the operation of the processor 102. For example, the memory 104 may store software codes including commands for executing part or all of the processes controlled by the processor 102 or for executing the descriptions, functions, processes, suggestions, methods, and / or operational flowcharts disclosed herein. Herein, the processor 102 and the memory 104 may be part of a communication modem / circuit / chip designed to implement a RAT (e.g., LTE or NR). The transceiver 106 may be connected to the processor 102 and transmit and / or receive radio signals through one or more antennas 108. Each of the transceivers 106 may include a transmitter and / or a receiver. The transceiver 106 may be used interchangeably with a radio frequency (RF) unit. In various embodiments, the wireless device may represent a communication modem / circuit / chip.

[0594] The second wireless device 200 may include one or more processors 202 and one or more memories 204, and further include one or more transceivers 206 and / or one or more antennas 208. The processor 202 may control the memory 204 and / or the transceiver 206, and may be configured to implement the descriptions, functions, processes, suggestions, methods, and / or operational flowcharts disclosed herein. For example, the processor 202 may process the information in the memory 204 to generate third information / signals, and then transmit a radio signal including the third information / signals through the transceiver 206. The processor 202 may receive a radio signal including fourth information / signals through the transceiver 106, and then store information obtained by processing the fourth information / signals in the memory 204. The memory 204 may be connected to the processor 202 and may store various information related to the operation of the processor 202. For example, the memory 204 may store software codes including commands for executing part or all of the processes controlled by the processor 202 or for executing the descriptions, functions, processes, suggestions, methods, and / or operational flowcharts disclosed in this document. Herein, the processor 202 and the memory 204 may be part of a communication modem / circuit / chip designed to implement a RAT (e.g., LTE or NR). The transceiver 206 may be connected to the processor 202 and transmit and / or receive radio signals through one or more antennas 208. Each of the transceivers 206 may include a transmitter and / or a receiver. The transceiver 206 may be used interchangeably with an RF unit. In various embodiments, the wireless device may represent a communication modem / circuit / chip.

[0595] In the following, the hardware elements of the wireless devices 100 and 200 will be described in more detail. One or more protocol layers may be implemented by (but not limited to) one or more processors 102 and 202. For example, one or more processors 102 and 202 may implement one or more layers (e.g., functional layers such as PHY, MAC, RLC, PDCP, RRC, and SDAP). One or more processors 102 and 202 may generate one or more protocol data units (PDUs) and / or one or more service data units (SDUs) according to the descriptions, functions, processes, suggestions, methods, and / or operational flowcharts disclosed in this document. One or more processors 102 and 202 may generate messages, control information, data, or information according to the descriptions, functions, processes, suggestions, methods, and / or operational flowcharts disclosed herein. One or more processors 102 and 202 may generate a signal (e.g., a baseband signal) including a PDU, SDU, message, control information, data, or information according to the description, functions, procedures, suggestions, methods, and / or operational flowcharts disclosed in this document, and provide the generated signal to one or more transceivers 106 and 206. One or more processors 102 and 202 may receive a signal (e.g., a baseband signal) from one or more transceivers 106 and 206 according to the description, functions, procedures, suggestions, methods, and / or operational flowcharts disclosed herein, and obtain the PDU, SDU, message, control information, data, or information.

[0596] One or more processors 102 and 202 may be referred to as controllers, microcontrollers, microprocessors, or microcomputers. One or more processors 102 and 202 may be implemented by hardware, firmware, software, or a combination thereof. As an example, one or more application specific integrated circuits (ASICs), one or more digital signal processors (DSPs), one or more digital signal processing devices (DSPDs), one or more programmable logic devices (PLDs), or one or more field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) may be included in one or more processors 102 and 202. The descriptions, functions, processes, suggestions, methods, and / or operational flow charts disclosed in this document may be implemented using firmware or software, and the firmware or software may be configured to include modules, processes, or functions. Firmware or software configured to execute the descriptions, functions, processes, suggestions, methods, and / or operational flow charts disclosed in this disclosure may be included in one or more processors 102 and 202 or stored in one or more memories 104 and 204 so as to be driven by one or more processors 102 and 202. The descriptions, functions, processes, suggestions, methods and / or operational flow charts disclosed herein may be implemented using software or firmware in the form of codes, commands and / or command sets.

[0597] One or more memories 104 and 204 may be connected to one or more processors 102 and 202 and store various types of data, signals, messages, information, programs, codes, instructions and / or commands. One or more memories 104 and 204 may be configured by read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), flash memory, hard drive, register, cache memory, computer-readable storage medium and / or a combination thereof. One or more memories 104 and 204 may be located inside and / or outside of one or more processors 102 and 202. One or more memories 104 and 204 may be connected to one or more processors 102 and 202 by various technologies such as wired or wireless connections.

[0598] One or more transceivers 106 and 206 can send the user data, control information and / or radio signal / channel mentioned in the method and / or operation flow chart of this document to one or more other devices. One or more transceivers 106 and 206 can receive the user data, control information and / or radio signal / channel mentioned in the description, function, process, suggestion, method and / or operation flow chart disclosed in this article from one or more other devices. For example, one or more transceivers 106 and 206 can be connected to one or more processors 102 and 202 and send and receive radio signals. For example, one or more processors 102 and 202 can perform control so that one or more transceivers 106 and 206 can send user data, control information or radio signal to one or more other devices. One or more processors 102 and 202 can perform control so that one or more transceivers 106 and 206 can receive user data, control information or radio signal from one or more other devices. One or more transceivers 106 and 206 may be connected to one or more antennas 108 and 208, and one or more transceivers 106 and 206 may be configured to send and receive user data, control information and / or radio signals / channels mentioned in the description, functions, processes, suggestions, methods and / or operation flow charts disclosed in this document through one or more antennas 108 and 208. In this document, one or more antennas may be multiple physical antennas or multiple logical antennas (e.g., antenna ports). One or more transceivers 106 and 206 may convert received radio signals / channels, etc. from RF band signals to baseband signals in order to process received user data, control information, radio signals / channels, etc. One or more transceivers 106 and 206 may convert user data, control information, radio signals / channels, etc. processed using one or more processors 102 and 202 from baseband signals to RF band signals. To this end, one or more transceivers 106 and 206 may include (analog) oscillators and / or filters.

[0599] According to various embodiments, one or more memories (e.g., 104 or 204) may store instructions or programs that, when executed, cause one or more processors operatively connected to the one or more memories to perform operations according to various embodiments or implementations of the present disclosure.

[0600] According to various embodiments, a computer-readable storage medium may store at least one instruction or a computer program that, when executed by one or more processors, causes the one or more processors to perform operations according to various embodiments or implementations of the present disclosure.

[0601] According to various embodiments, the processing device or apparatus may include one or more processors and one or more computer memories connected to the one or more processors. The one or more computer memories may store instructions or programs that, when executed, cause one or more processors operatively connected to the one or more memories to perform operations according to various embodiments or implementations of the present disclosure.

[0602] Examples of using wireless devices to which various embodiments are applied

[0603] Fig.30 Other exemplary wireless devices to which various embodiments are applicable are illustrated. The wireless device may be implemented in various forms depending on the use case / service (see Fig.28 ).

[0604] Reference Fig.30 , the wireless devices 100 and 200 may correspond to Fig.28 The wireless devices 100 and 200 may be configured by various elements, components, units / parts and / or modules. For example, each of the wireless devices 100 and 200 may include a communication unit 110, a control unit 120, a memory unit 130 and an additional component 140. The communication unit may include a communication circuit 112 and a transceiver 114. For example, the communication circuit 112 may include Fig.28 The one or more processors 102 and 202 and / or the one or more memories 104 and 204 of the present invention. For example, the transceiver 114 may include Fig.28 The control unit 120 is electrically connected to the communication unit 110, the memory 130, and the additional components 140, and controls the overall operation of the wireless device. For example, the control unit 120 may control the electrical operation / mechanical operation of the wireless device based on the program / code / command / information stored in the memory unit 130. The control unit 120 may transmit the information stored in the memory unit 130 to the outside (e.g., other communication devices) through the wireless / wired interface via the communication unit 110, or store in the memory unit 130 information received from the outside (e.g., other communication devices) through the wireless / wired interface via the communication unit 110.

[0605] The additional component 140 may be configured differently depending on the type of the wireless device. For example, the additional component 140 may include at least one of a power supply unit / battery, an input / output (I / O) unit, a drive unit, and a computing unit. The wireless device may be in the form of, but not limited to, a robot ( Fig.28 100a), vehicles ( Fig.28 100b-1 and 100b-2), XR devices ( Fig.28100c), handheld device ( Fig.28 100d), household appliances ( Fig.28 100e), IoT devices ( Fig.28 100f), digital broadcasting terminal, holographic device, public safety device, MTC device, medical device, FinTech device (or financial device), security device, climate / environmental device, AI server / device ( Fig.28 400), BS( Fig.28 200), a network node, etc. The wireless device may be used in a mobile or fixed location depending on the use case / service.

[0606] exist Fig.30 In the wireless devices 100 and 200, the entirety of the various elements, components, units / parts and / or modules in the wireless devices 100 and 200 may be connected to each other through a wired interface, or at least a portion thereof may be wirelessly connected through the communication unit 110. For example, in each of the wireless devices 100 and 200, the control unit 120 and the communication unit 110 may be wired, and the control unit 120 and the first unit (e.g., 130 and 140) may be wirelessly connected through the communication unit 110. Each element, component, unit / part and / or module within the wireless devices 100 and 200 may also include one or more elements. For example, the control unit 120 may be configured by a collection of one or more processors. As an example, the control unit 120 may be configured by a collection of a communication control processor, an application processor, an electronic control unit (ECU), a graphics processing unit, and a memory control processor. As another example, the memory 130 may be configured by a random access memory (RAM), a dynamic RAM (DRAM), a read-only memory (ROM), a flash memory, a volatile memory, a non-volatile memory, and / or a combination thereof.

[0607] Hereinafter, the implementation will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Fig.30 .

[0608] Examples of portable devices to which various embodiments are applied

[0609] Fig.31 An exemplary portable device to which various embodiments are applied is shown. The portable device may be any one of a smart phone, a smart tablet, a wearable device (e.g., a smart watch or smart glasses), and a portable computer (e.g., a laptop computer). The portable device may also be referred to as a mobile station (MS), a user terminal (UT), a mobile subscriber station (MSS), a subscriber station (SS), an advanced mobile station (AMS), or a wireless terminal (WT).

[0610] Reference Fig.31, the handheld device 100 may include an antenna unit 108, a communication unit 110, a control unit 120, a memory unit 130, a power supply unit 140a, an interface unit 140b, and an I / O unit 140c. The antenna unit 108 may be configured as a part of the communication unit 110. Blocks 110 to 130 / 140a to 140c correspond to Figure 3 Blocks 110 to 130 / 140.

[0611] The communication unit 110 may send signals (e.g., data and control signals) to other wireless devices or BSs and receive signals from other wireless devices or BSs. The control unit 120 may perform various operations by controlling the constituent elements of the handheld device 100. The control unit 120 may include an application processor (AP). The memory unit 130 may store data / parameters / programs / codes / commands required to drive the handheld device 100. The memory unit 130 may store input / output data / information. The power supply unit 140a may supply power to the handheld device 100 and include a wired / wireless charging circuit, a battery, etc. The interface unit 140b may support the connection of the handheld device 100 to other external devices. The interface unit 140b may include various ports (e.g., audio I / O ports and video I / O ports) for connecting to external devices. The I / O unit 140c may input or output video information / signals, audio information / signals, data and / or information input by a user. The I / O unit 140c may include a camera, a microphone, a user input unit, a display unit 140d, a speaker and / or a tactile module.

[0612] As an example, in the case of data communication, the I / O unit 140c can obtain information / signals (e.g., touch, text, voice, image, or video) input by the user, and the obtained information / signals can be stored in the memory unit 130. The communication unit 110 can convert the information / signals stored in the memory into radio signals, and directly send the converted radio signals to other wireless devices or to a BS. The communication unit 110 can receive radio signals from other wireless devices or BSs, and then restore the received radio signals to the original information / signals. The communication unit 110 can receive radio signals from other wireless devices or BSs, and then restore the received radio signals to the original information / signals.

[0613] Examples of vehicles or autonomous vehicles using various embodiments

[0614] Fig.32 Exemplary vehicles or autonomous vehicles to which various embodiments are applicable are illustrated. The vehicle or autonomous vehicle may be implemented as a mobile robot, a car, a train, a manned / unmanned aerial vehicle (AV), a ship, etc.

[0615] Reference Fig.32 , the vehicle or autonomous driving vehicle 100 may include an antenna unit 108, a communication unit 110, a control unit 120, a drive unit 140a, a power supply unit 140b, a sensor unit 140c and / or an autonomous driving unit 140d. The antenna unit 108 may be configured as a part of the communication unit 110. Blocks 110 / 130 / 140a to 140d correspond to Fig.30 Block 110 / 130 / 140.

[0616] The communication unit 110 can send and receive signals (e.g., data and control signals) to and from external devices such as other vehicles, BSs (e.g., gNBs and roadside units), and servers. The control unit 120 can perform various operations by controlling elements of the vehicle or autonomous driving vehicle 100. The control unit 120 may include an electronic control unit (ECU). The drive unit 140a enables the vehicle or autonomous driving vehicle 100 to travel on a road. The drive unit 140a may include an engine, a motor, a power train, wheels, brakes, a steering device, etc. The power supply unit 140b can supply power to the vehicle or autonomous driving vehicle 100 and include a wired / wireless charging circuit, a battery, etc. The sensor unit 140c can obtain vehicle status, surrounding environment information, user information, etc. The sensor unit 140c may include an inertial measurement unit (IMU) sensor, a collision sensor, a wheel sensor, a speed sensor, a slope sensor, a weight sensor, a heading sensor, a position module, a vehicle forward / reverse sensor, a battery sensor, a fuel sensor, a tire sensor, a steering sensor, a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, an ultrasonic sensor, a lighting sensor, a pedal position sensor, etc. The autonomous driving unit 140d may implement a technology for maintaining a lane in which the vehicle is traveling, a technology for automatically adjusting a speed such as an adaptive cruise control, a technology for autonomous driving along a determined path, a technology for driving by automatically setting a path with a destination set, and the like.

[0617] For example, the communication unit 110 can receive map data, traffic information data, etc. from an external server. The autonomous driving unit 140d can generate an autonomous driving path and a driving plan from the obtained data. The control unit 120 can control the drive unit 140a so that the vehicle or the autonomous driving vehicle 100 can move along the autonomous driving path according to the driving plan (e.g., speed / direction control). In the middle of autonomous driving, the communication unit 110 can obtain the latest traffic information data from the external server irregularly / periodically, and obtain surrounding traffic information data from neighboring vehicles. In the middle of autonomous driving, the sensor unit 140c can obtain vehicle status and / or surrounding environment information. The autonomous driving unit 140d can update the autonomous driving path and driving plan based on the newly obtained data / information. The communication unit 110 can transmit information about the vehicle position, autonomous driving path and / or driving plan to the external server. The external server can use AI technology, etc. to predict traffic information data based on information collected from the vehicle or autonomous driving vehicle, and provide the predicted traffic information data to the vehicle or autonomous driving vehicle.

[0618] In summary, various embodiments may be implemented by specific devices and / or UEs.

[0619] For example, the specific device can be any device among a BS, a network node, a sending UE, a receiving UE, a wireless device, a wireless communication device, a vehicle, a vehicle equipped with an autonomous driving function, an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV), an artificial intelligence (AI) module, a robot, an augmented reality (AR) device, a virtual reality (VR) device, and other devices.

[0620] For example, the UE may be any one of a personal digital assistant (PDA), a cellular phone, a personal communications service (PCS) phone, a global system for mobile (GSM) phone, a wideband CDMA (WCDMA) phone, a mobile broadband system (MBS) phone, a smart phone, and a multi-mode multi-band (MM-MB) terminal.

[0621] A smart phone refers to a terminal that utilizes the advantages of both a mobile communication terminal and a PDA by integrating a data communication function (e.g., scheduling, fax transmission and reception) and an Internet connection as a function of a PDA in a mobile communication terminal. In addition, an MM-MB terminal refers to a terminal that has a built-in multi-modem chip and is therefore operable in all portable Internet systems and other mobile communication systems (e.g., CDMA 2000, WCDMA, etc.).

[0622] Alternatively, the UE may be any one of a laptop PC, a handheld PC, a tablet PC, an ultrabook, a tablet PC, a digital broadcast terminal, a portable multimedia player (PMP), a navigator, and a wearable device such as a smart watch, smart glasses, and a head-mounted display (HMD). For example, a UAV may be an unmanned aerial vehicle that flies under the control of a wireless control signal. For example, an HMD may be a display device worn around the head. For example, an HMD may be used to implement AR or VR.

[0623] The wireless communication technology implementing various embodiments may include LTE, NR and 6G, and narrowband Internet of Things (NB-IoT) for low power communication. For example, NB-IoT technology may be an example of low power wide area network (LPWAN) technology, and is implemented as a standard of LTE Category (CAT) NB1 and / or LTE Cat NB2. However, these specific names should not be interpreted as limiting NB-IoT. Additionally or alternatively, the wireless communication technology implemented in the wireless device according to various embodiments may implement communication based on LTE-M. For example, LTE-M may be an example of LPWAN technology, named various names such as enhanced machine type communication (eMTC). For example, LTE-M technology may be implemented as but not limited to 1) LTE CAT 0, 2) LTE Cat M1, 3) LTE cat M2, 4) LTE non-bandwidth limited (non-BL), 5) LTE-MTC, 6) LTE machine type communication and / or 7) at least one of LTE M. Additionally or alternatively, considering low power communication, the wireless communication technology implemented in the wireless device according to various embodiments may include but is not limited to at least one of ZigBee, Bluetooth or LPWAN. For example, ZigBee may create a personal area network (PAN) associated with small / low power digital communications conforming to various standards such as IEEE 802.15.4 and may be referred to by various names.

[0624] Various embodiments may be implemented in various ways. For example, various embodiments may be implemented in hardware, firmware, software or a combination thereof.

[0625] In a hardware configuration, the method according to an exemplary embodiment may be implemented by one or more of an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a digital signal processor (DSP), a digital signal processing device (DSPD), a programmable logic device (PLD), a field programmable gate array (FPGA), a processor, a controller, a microcontroller, a microprocessor, etc.

[0626] In a firmware or software configuration, the methods according to various embodiments may be implemented in the form of a module, a process, a function, etc. that performs the above functions or operations. The software code may be stored in the memory 50 or 150 and executed by the processor 40 or 140. The memory may be located inside or outside the processor, and may send and receive data to and from the processor via various known means.

[0627] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that, without departing from the spirit and essential features of the various embodiments, the various embodiments may be implemented in other specific ways different from those described herein. The above-mentioned embodiments are therefore to be interpreted in all respects as illustrative rather than restrictive. The scope of the present disclosure should be determined by the attached claims and their legal equivalents, rather than by the above description, and all changes falling within the meaning and equivalent scope of the attached claims are intended to be included herein. It is obvious to those skilled in the art that in the attached claims, claims that are not explicitly referenced in each other may exist as embodiments in combination, or be included as new claims by subsequent amendments after the present application is submitted.

[0628] Industrial Applicability

[0629] Various embodiments can be applied to various wireless access systems including 3GPP systems and / or 3GPP2 systems. In addition to these wireless access systems, various embodiments can be applied to all technical fields where wireless access systems find their applications. In addition, the proposed method can also be applied to millimeter wave communications using ultra-high frequency bands.

Claims

1. A method performed by a user equipment UE, the method comprising the following steps: Send UE capability information to the network; Receiving a positioning reference signal PRS; as well as Based on the PRS report comprising i) measurement information of first information about a reference signal received power RSRP value of a first arrival path detected for the first time in time, The UE capability information reported by the UE is configured to report that the UE has an additional PRS path reporting capability, and the measurement information further includes ii) second information about a second arrival path of the PRS, wherein the second arrival path is not the first arrival path, and the first arrival path and the second arrival path are associated with the same PRS transmission on a specific PRS resource, and wherein ii) the second information about the second arrival path includes information about a received power value for the second arrival path and information about timing for the second arrival path.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein: The measurement information includes: Information about the physical cell identifier ID and information about the PRS resource ID.

3. The method according to claim 1, wherein: The measurement information is related to a reference signal time difference RSTD.

4. A user equipment UE, the UE comprising: Transceiver; as well as at least one processor coupled to the transceiver, Wherein, the at least one processor is configured to: Send UE capability information to the network; receiving a positioning reference signal PRS; and Based on the PRS report comprising i) measurement information of first information about a reference signal received power RSRP value of a first arrival path detected for the first time in time, The UE capability information reported by the UE is configured to report that the UE has an additional PRS path reporting capability, and the measurement information further includes ii) second information about a second arrival path of the PRS, wherein the second arrival path is not the first arrival path, and the first arrival path and the second arrival path are associated with the same PRS transmission on a specific PRS resource, and wherein ii) the second information about the second arrival path includes information about a received power value for the second arrival path and information about timing for the second arrival path.

5. The UE according to claim 4, wherein: The measurement information includes: Information about the physical cell identifier ID and information about the PRS resource ID.

6. The UE according to claim 4, wherein: The measurement information is related to a reference signal time difference RSTD.

7. A base station, comprising: Transceiver; as well as at least one processor coupled to the transceiver, Wherein, the at least one processor is configured to: receiving UE capability information from a user equipment UE; Sending a positioning reference signal PRS; and receiving, from the UE, measurement information including i) first information on a reference signal received power (RSRP) value of a first arrival path detected first in time for the PRS, The UE capability information reported by the UE is configured to report that the UE has an additional PRS path reporting capability, and the measurement information further includes ii) second information about a second arrival path of the PRS, wherein the second arrival path is not the first arrival path, and the first arrival path and the second arrival path are associated with the same PRS transmission on a specific PRS resource, and wherein ii) the second information about the second arrival path includes information about a received power value for the second arrival path and information about timing for the second arrival path.

8. A method performed by a base station BS, the method comprising the following steps: receiving UE capability information from a user equipment UE; Sending a positioning reference signal PRS; as well as receiving, from the UE, measurement information including i) first information on a reference signal received power (RSRP) value of a first arrival path detected first in time for the PRS, The UE capability information reported by the UE is configured to report that the UE has an additional PRS path reporting capability, and the measurement information further includes ii) second information about a second arrival path of the PRS, wherein the second arrival path is not the first arrival path, and the first arrival path and the second arrival path are associated with the same PRS transmission on a specific PRS resource, and wherein ii) the second information about the second arrival path includes information about a received power value for the second arrival path and information about timing for the second arrival path.

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