Liquid crystal lenses, liquid crystal lens arrays, electronic products and driving methods

Abstract

This invention belongs to the field of liquid crystal lens technology, specifically a liquid crystal lens, a liquid crystal lens array, an electronic product, and a driving method. The invention comprises a first transparent substrate, a first electrode layer, a first alignment layer, a liquid crystal layer, a second alignment layer, a second electrode layer, and a second transparent substrate, stacked sequentially. Both the first and second electrode layers include electrode unit groups, each comprising a first electrode unit and a second electrode unit. Each first and second electrode unit includes a conductive line and multiple leads. The conductive line has a first position and a second position, which are different. One end of each lead is connected to the conductive line, while the other end is suspended. The leads of the first and second electrode units are alternately arranged in a predetermined region. The liquid crystal lens of this invention has a simple driving method, can form a relatively ideal potential distribution, and is unaffected by changes in the characteristics of high-resistivity films.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of liquid crystal lens technology, specifically a liquid crystal lens, a liquid crystal lens array, an electronic product, and a driving method. Background Technology

[0002] Liquid crystal lenses (LCDs) are increasingly widely used due to their electrically controlled focusing capabilities. In some applications, it is often necessary to easily and flexibly change the position of the optical axis of the LCD. To address this, patent CN 112346279 describes a liquid crystal lens formed by four electrodes creating a rectangular light-passing aperture, and then controlling the position of the optical axis by controlling the voltage applied to the four electrodes. This patent utilizes four electrodes and a high-resistivity film to control the potential distribution of the liquid crystal lens. However, due to the instability of the high-resistivity film and the difficulty in controlling its uniformity, the aforementioned structure cannot achieve precise and stable control of the potential distribution, and LCDs using this method are also unlikely to maintain good lens performance over a long period. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of this, the present invention provides a liquid crystal lens to solve the technical problems of poor potential distribution control accuracy and poor optical effect stability of existing liquid crystal lenses with movable optical axes.

[0004] The technical solution adopted in this invention is:

[0005] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a liquid crystal lens, comprising a first transparent substrate, a first electrode layer, a first alignment layer, a liquid crystal layer, a second alignment layer, a second electrode layer, and a second transparent substrate, which are sequentially stacked; the first electrode layer and the second electrode layer each include an electrode unit group, wherein the electrode unit group includes a first electrode unit and a second electrode unit.

[0006] The first electrode unit and the second electrode unit both include conductive wires and multiple lead wires. The conductive wires include a first position and a second position, which are different from each other. One end of each lead wire is connected to the conductive wire, and the other end is suspended. The position where the lead wire is connected to the conductive wire is the lead-out position. At least a portion of the lead-out positions are located between the first position and the second position of the conductive wire, and at least two lead-out positions are different.

[0007] In at least one preset region of the electrode unit group, each lead wire is a straight line and perpendicular to a preset direction. In this region, the resistance value between each lead wire position on the conductive line of the first electrode unit and the first position of the first electrode unit is parabolic or linearly distributed with respect to the distance between each lead wire position on the first electrode unit and the first position of the first electrode unit in the preset direction of the electrode unit group. The resistance value between each lead wire position on the conductive line of the second electrode unit and the first position of the second electrode unit is linearly distributed with respect to the distance between each lead wire position on the second electrode unit and the first position of the second electrode unit in the preset direction of the electrode unit group. The leads wires of the first electrode unit and the leads wires of the second electrode unit are arranged alternately in the preset region.

[0008] The projections of the preset regions of the first electrode layer and the preset regions of the second electrode layer onto the second reference plane at least partially overlap. The second reference plane is a plane that is parallel to the lead-out lines of both the first and second electrode units. The preset directions of the electrode unit groups in the first electrode layer and the preset directions of the electrode unit groups in the second electrode layer are perpendicular to each other.

[0009] In the first electrode layer, the first position of the conductive line of the first electrode unit is used to receive the first driving voltage, and the second position is used to receive the second driving voltage. The first position of the conductive line of the second electrode unit is used to receive the fifth driving voltage, and the second position is used to receive the sixth driving voltage.

[0010] In the second electrode layer, the first position of the conductive line of the first electrode unit is used to receive the third driving voltage, the second position is used to receive the fourth driving voltage, the first position of the conductive line of the second electrode unit is used to receive the seventh driving voltage, and the second position is used to receive the eighth driving voltage.

[0011] Preferably, the width of the conductive wires of the first electrode unit located between the second position and the first position is the same, and the length of the conductive wires of the first unit from each lead-out position to the first position is parabolic or linearly distributed with respect to the distance from the portion of each lead-out line in the preset area to the first position in the preset direction.

[0012] Preferably, the conductive line of the first electrode unit further includes a third position, the first position is located between the third position and the second position, at least a portion of the lead-out positions are located between the second position and the third position, the third position of the conductive line of the first electrode layer is used to receive a second driving voltage, and the third position of the conductive line of the second electrode layer is used to receive a fourth driving voltage.

[0013] Preferably, the width of the conductive lines of the first electrode unit located between the second and third positions is the same, and the length of the conductive lines of the first electrode unit from each lead-out position to the first position is parabolic or linearly distributed with respect to the distance from the portion of each lead-out line in the preset area to the first position in the preset direction.

[0014] Preferably, the first electrode unit further includes a first electrical connector, which is connected to the conductive wire of the first electrode unit at a first position;

[0015] The portion of the conductive wire of the first electrode unit between the first position and the second position is the first sub-part, and the portion of the conductive wire of the first electrode unit between the first position and the third position is the second sub-part. The first sub-part and the second sub-part are respectively located on opposite sides of the first electrical connector.

[0016] Preferably, the conductive wire of the first electrode unit is bent multiple times to form multiple segments, the lead-out position is located at the bend between two adjacent segments, the width of each segment is the same, and the length of each segment increases linearly from the first position to the second position.

[0017] Preferably, the lead wire of the first electrode unit includes a first part and a second part located on opposite sides of the first reference plane, the conductive wire of the first electrode unit is located on the same side of the first reference plane as the first part or the second part, and the first reference plane is a plane passing through the first position of the first electrode unit and perpendicular to the preset direction.

[0018] Preferably, the lead wire of the second electrode unit includes a first part and a second part located on opposite sides of the first reference plane, and the conductive wire of the second electrode unit is located on opposite sides of the first reference plane.

[0019] Preferably, the lead wires of the first electrode unit include a first set of lead wires and a second set of lead wires. The first set of lead wires is led out to a first region by conductive wires, and the second set of lead wires is led out to a second region by conductive wires. The first region and the second region are located on opposite sides of a first reference plane, respectively. The first reference plane is a plane through a first position of the first electrode unit and perpendicular to a first direction. The conductive wires of the first electrode unit are located in the first region or the second region.

[0020] Preferably, the conductive line is located outside the functional area of ​​the liquid crystal lens.

[0021] Preferably, a high-resistivity film or a high-dielectric-constant layer is disposed between the second electrode layer and the second alignment layer or between the second electrode layer and the second transparent substrate.

[0022] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a liquid crystal lens array, including the liquid crystal lens described in the first aspect, wherein at least one of the first electrode layer and the second electrode layer includes at least two electrode unit groups, and the projections of the leads of the electrode unit groups in the first electrode layer and the leads of the electrode unit groups in the second electrode layer onto a second reference plane form a plurality of intersecting regions arranged in an array, and each intersecting region includes at least one of the predetermined regions.

[0023] Thirdly, the present invention provides a liquid crystal lens array, including the liquid crystal lens described in the first aspect, wherein the lead wires of the electrode unit group extend to form a plurality of extension segments, and the resistance value between each lead position on the conductive line and a first position and the distance between at least a portion of each extension segment in a preset upward direction and the first position satisfy a preset condition corresponding to the extension segment, and a plurality of intersection regions formed by the projection of the extension segments of the electrode unit group in the first electrode layer and the extension segments of the electrode unit group in the second electrode layer onto a second reference plane are arranged in an array, and each intersection region includes at least one of the preset regions.

[0024] Fourthly, the present invention provides an electronic product, including a control circuit and a liquid crystal lens as described in the first aspect, or a liquid crystal lens array as described in the second or third aspect, wherein the control circuit is electrically connected to the liquid crystal lens or the liquid crystal lens array.

[0025] Fifthly, the present invention provides a driving method for a liquid crystal lens or a liquid crystal lens array, used to drive the liquid crystal lens described in the first aspect or the liquid crystal lens array described in the second or third aspect, wherein the first driving voltage is V1, the second driving voltage is V2, the third driving voltage is V3, and the fourth driving voltage is V4, and the method includes the following steps:

[0026] S1: Obtain the liquid crystal linear response voltage range of the liquid crystal lens or liquid crystal lens array;

[0027] S2: Obtain the minimum voltage V within the linear operating range of the liquid crystal based on the liquid crystal linear response voltage range. min and maximum voltage V max ;

[0028] S3: Based on the minimum voltage V min and maximum voltage V max Adjusting the voltage difference between V1 and V2, and the voltage difference between V3 and V4, adjusts the optical power of the liquid crystal lens or liquid crystal lens array and / or switches the positive and negative lens states of the liquid crystal lens or liquid crystal lens array, wherein V min ≤|V1-V3|≤V max V min ≤|V2-V4|≤V max ;

[0029] Preferably, when the intersection region of the projections of the lead wires of the first electrode unit and the lead wires of the second electrode unit onto the second reference plane is a rectangular region, step S3: based on the minimum voltage V min and maximum voltage V max Adjusting the voltage difference between V1 and V2, and the voltage difference between V3 and V4, adjusts the optical power of the liquid crystal lens or liquid crystal lens array and / or switches the positive and negative lens states of the liquid crystal lens or liquid crystal lens array, wherein V min ≤|V1-V3|≤V max V min ≤|V2-V4|≤V max It also includes the following steps:

[0030] S31: Obtain the length 2a and width 2b of the rectangular region;

[0031] S32: Determine the magnitudes of the first driving voltage V1, the second driving voltage V2, the third driving voltage V3, and the fourth driving voltage V4 based on the length 2a and width 2b of the rectangular region, such that (V2-V1) / a 2 =(V3-V4) / b 2 .

[0032] In a sixth aspect, the present invention provides a driving method for a liquid crystal lens or a liquid crystal lens array, used to drive the liquid crystal lens described in the first aspect or the liquid crystal lens array described in the second or third aspect, wherein a first driving voltage is V1, a second driving voltage is V2, a third driving voltage is V3, a fourth driving voltage is V4, a fifth driving voltage is V5, a sixth driving voltage is V6, a seventh driving voltage is V7, and an eighth driving voltage is V8, and the intersection region of the projections of the lead-out lines of the electrode unit groups in the first electrode layer and the lead-out lines of the electrode unit groups in the second electrode layer onto the second reference plane is a rectangular region, and the method includes the following steps:

[0033] S01: Obtain the liquid crystal linear response voltage range of the liquid crystal lens or liquid crystal lens array;

[0034] S02: Obtain the minimum voltage V within the linear operating range of the liquid crystal based on the liquid crystal linear response voltage range. min and maximum voltage V max ;

[0035] S03: Based on the minimum voltage V min and maximum voltage V max Voltage for determining the optical axis position of the liquid crystal lens V cen Voltage at the edge of the liquid crystal lens V edg V min ≤V cen ≤V max V min ≤ V edg ≤V max .

[0036] S04: Obtain the target position coordinates of the liquid crystal lens optical axis movement ( x o , y o );

[0037] S05: Obtain the length 2a and width 2b of the rectangular region;

[0038] S06: According to the formula: Determine the various driving voltages, among which V 1, V 3, V 5 can be any value.

[0039] Beneficial Effects: The liquid crystal lens, liquid crystal lens array, electronic product, and driving method of the present invention utilize the conductive lines of the first electrode unit of the electrode unit group to generate potentials of varying magnitudes depending on the position of the conductive lines. Furthermore, the potential at the lead-out position on the conductive lines is diffused to the corresponding area of ​​the liquid crystal lens using lead-out lines, thereby generating a precise parabolic or circular potential distribution, thus controlling the deflection of liquid crystal molecules to form a liquid crystal lens. In this embodiment, the conductive lines of the second electrode unit of the electrode unit group generate potentials of varying magnitudes depending on the position of the conductive lines. The potential at the lead-out position on the conductive lines is diffused to the corresponding area of ​​the liquid crystal lens using lead-out lines, thereby generating a precise linearly distributed potential to change the position of the optical axis of the formed liquid crystal lens. Compared with the prior art using high-impedance films or high-dielectric-constant material layers to control the potential distribution, the present invention not only obtains a more accurate potential distribution, but also ensures that the formed potential distribution does not become unstable due to changes in the characteristics of the high-impedance film or high-dielectric-constant material layer, nor does it suffer from reduced control accuracy due to the inhomogeneity of the high-impedance film or high-dielectric-constant material layer. Attached Figure Description

[0040] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the embodiments of the present invention will be briefly introduced below. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort, and these are all within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0041] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional view of the liquid crystal lens of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 2This is a projection view of the electrode unit group in the first electrode layer and the second electrode layer of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the electrode unit group of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the junction area of ​​the electrode unit group projections in the first electrode layer and the second electrode layer of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a first electrode unit in a liquid crystal lens of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the conductive lines of the first electrode unit in the liquid crystal lens of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a first electrode unit using a half-conductive wire in this invention;

[0048] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of an electrode unit group using a half-conductive wire in this invention;

[0049] Figure 9 This is a projection view of an electrode unit group in a first electrode layer and a second electrode layer employing a half-sided conductive wire in this invention.

[0050] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of another electrode unit group using half-conductive wires in this invention;

[0051] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the potential distribution of each lead wire in this invention;

[0052] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of another form of the electrode unit of the present invention;

[0053] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of another form of the electrode unit of the present invention;

[0054] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of another form of the electrode unit of the present invention;

[0055] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of another form of the electrode unit of the present invention;

[0056] Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram of another form of the electrode unit of the present invention;

[0057] Figure 17 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of one form of the liquid crystal lens array of the present invention;

[0058] Figure 18 This is a schematic diagram of another form of the liquid crystal lens array of the present invention;

[0059] Figure 19 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of each extension segment of the electrode unit of the present invention;

[0060] Figure 20 This is a schematic flowchart of the driving method for the liquid crystal lens or liquid crystal lens array of the present invention.

[0061] Figure 21 This is an interference ripple pattern of the liquid crystal lens before the optical axis position is moved according to the present invention;

[0062] Figure 22 This is an interference ripple pattern after the optical axis of the crystal lens of the present invention has been moved to a certain position;

[0063] Figure 23 This is an interference ripple pattern after the optical axis position of the crystal lens of the present invention has been moved to another position.

[0064] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0065] Liquid crystal lens 100, first transparent substrate 10, first electrode layer 20, first alignment layer 30, liquid crystal layer 40, second alignment layer 50, second electrode layer 60, conductive line 61, first position 611, second position 612, third position 613, first sub-part 614, second sub-part 615, first group of leads 616, second group of leads 617, lead 62, first electrical connector 63, second transparent substrate 70, reference plane 80, initial extension segment 610, first extension segment 620, second extension segment 630, junction area 90, electrode unit group 91, first electrode unit 911, second electrode unit 912. Detailed Implementation

[0066] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention. Moreover, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Unless otherwise specified, the element defined by the phrase "comprising..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element. Where there is no conflict, embodiments of the present invention and the various features thereof can be combined with each other, all of which are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0067] Example 1

[0068] like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment provides a liquid crystal lens. The liquid crystal lens in this embodiment includes a liquid crystal layer 40, a first alignment layer 30, a second alignment layer 50, a first electrode layer 20, a second electrode layer 60, a first transparent substrate 10, and a second transparent substrate 70. The first alignment layer 30 and the second alignment layer 50 are respectively located on opposite sides of the liquid crystal layer 40. The first electrode layer 20 is located on the side of the first alignment layer 30 facing away from the liquid crystal layer 40, and the second electrode layer 60 is located on the side of the second alignment layer 50 facing away from the liquid crystal layer 40. The first transparent substrate 10 is located on the side of the first electrode layer 20 facing away from the liquid crystal layer 40, and the second transparent substrate 70 is located on the side of the second electrode layer 60 facing away from the liquid crystal layer 40.

[0069] The liquid crystal lens in this embodiment can adopt a layered structure. The aforementioned liquid crystal layer 40, first alignment layer 30, second alignment layer 50, first electrode layer 20, second electrode layer 60, first transparent substrate 10, and second transparent substrate 70 are located in different layers, and these layers are stacked along the light transmission direction of the liquid crystal lens, i.e., the normal direction of each layer. The arrangement can be found in [reference needed]. Figure 1 As shown, in Figure 1 Along the light transmission direction of the liquid crystal lens, from bottom to top, are a first transparent substrate 10, a first electrode layer 20, a first alignment layer 30, a liquid crystal layer 40, a second alignment layer 50, a second electrode layer 60, and a second transparent substrate 70. The first transparent substrate 10 and the second transparent substrate 70 can be made of transparent materials with certain strength and rigidity, such as glass substrates or plastic substrates. The first substrate serves to support the liquid crystal lens. The first transparent substrate 10 can serve as a carrier for the first electrode layer 20, which can be deposited on the first substrate. The second substrate also serves a supporting function and can also serve as a carrier for the second electrode layer 60, which can be deposited on the second transparent substrate 70.

[0070] like Figure 2 As shown, in this embodiment, electrode unit groups 91 are provided in both the first electrode layer 20 and the second electrode layer 60. Each electrode unit group 91 in both electrode layers includes two electrode units: a first electrode unit 911 and a second electrode unit 912. Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the first electrode unit includes a conductive wire 61 and multiple lead wires 62, such as... Figure 5 As shown, the conductive wire 61 includes a first position 611 and a second position 612, the first position 611 and the second position 612 are different, one end of the lead wire 62 is connected to the conductive wire 61, and the other end is suspended. The position where the lead wire 62 is connected to the conductive wire 61 is the lead-out position. At least a portion of the lead-out positions are located between the first position 611 and the second position 612 of the conductive wire 61, and at least two lead-out positions are different.

[0071] The first position 611 of the conductive line 61 of the first electrode unit in the first electrode layer is used to receive the first driving voltage, and the second position 612 of the conductive line 61 is used to receive the second driving voltage.

[0072] The first position of the conductive line 61 of the first electrode unit 911 in the second electrode layer is used to receive the third driving voltage, and the second position is used to receive the fourth driving voltage.

[0073] like Figure 2 and Figure 3As shown, the second electrode unit includes a conductive wire 61 and multiple lead wires 62. The conductive wire 61 includes a first position and a second position, which are different from each other. One end of each lead wire 62 is connected to the conductive wire 61, and the other end is suspended. The position where the lead wire 62 is connected to the conductive wire 61 is the lead-out position. At least a portion of the lead-out positions are located between the first and second positions of the conductive wire 61, and at least two lead-out positions are different.

[0074] The first position of the conductive line 61 of the second electrode unit 912 in the first electrode layer is used to receive the fifth driving voltage, and the second position is used to receive the sixth driving voltage.

[0075] The first position of the conductive line 61 of the second electrode unit 912 in the second electrode layer is used to receive the seventh driving voltage, and the second position is used to receive the eighth driving voltage.

[0076] For the first electrode unit and the second electrode unit, the lead-out positions of each lead 62 can be the same or different. The lead 62 can be made entirely or at least partially of a transparent material. In this embodiment, the conductive line 61 can be a wire with a certain resistance, or it can be a thin line with a certain resistance and conductivity, plated on the first lens substrate 10 or the second transparent substrate 70. The conductive lines 61 can all be made of transparent conductive materials, including but not limited to ITO electrode materials, IZO electrode materials, FTO electrode materials, AZO electrode materials, IGZO electrode materials, etc.

[0077] like Figure 5As shown, after applying voltages to the first position 611 and the second position 612 of the conductive line 61 in the first electrode unit 911, a potential distributed according to the position of the conductive line 61 will be formed on the conductive line 61. Since one end of the lead-in line 62 in this embodiment is connected to the conductive line 61 and the other end is suspended, the potential at each position on the same lead-in line 62 is equal and equal to the potential of the conductive line 61 at the position where the lead-in line 62 is connected to the conductive line 61. In this way, we can obtain the desired potential of each lead-in line 62 by configuring the lead-in position of each lead-in line 62. We can extend each lead-in line 62 to certain positions as needed and control the potential distribution at these positions by the potential on the lead-in line 62. For example, the lead-in line 62 can be extended to the region where the electric field it generates can drive the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal lens to deflect. To achieve the desired potential distribution using the lead-out wires 62, in this embodiment, the resistance values ​​between each lead-out position on the conductive wire 61 and the first position 611 can satisfy certain conditions with respect to the distances from certain portions of each lead-out wire 62 to the first position 611 in a preset direction. When a corresponding driving voltage is applied to the conductive wire 61, the potential at each position on the conductive wire 61 is determined by the resistance values ​​between each lead-out position on the conductive wire 61 and the first position 611. Therefore, the potential distribution in space can be controlled by setting the conditions satisfied between the distances from a portion or all portions of each lead-out wire 62 to the first position 611 and the aforementioned resistance values.

[0078] Similarly, in this embodiment, after applying corresponding driving voltages to the first and second positions of the conductive line 61 of the second electrode unit 912, an electric potential distributed according to the position of the conductive line 61 will be formed on the conductive line 61. Then, the required electric potential is extended to the area where electric potential control is required through the lead-out line 62 of the second electrode unit 912, so that the resistance value between each lead-out position on the conductive line 61 and the distance between some parts of each lead-out line 62 and the first position 611 in the preset direction meets certain conditions to achieve the desired electric potential distribution.

[0079] The aforementioned preset direction can be arbitrarily specified as needed. For example, when it is necessary to control the potential distribution at various positions in a certain direction within the space where the liquid crystal lens is located, this direction can be specified as the preset direction. Figure 5 The x-direction in the middle.

[0080] Since the liquid crystal lens of this embodiment uses electrode unit groups 91 in both electrode layers that can precisely control the potential distribution, this embodiment can utilize the synergistic effect of the electrode unit groups 91 in the two electrode layers to achieve a parabolic or conical potential distribution. In this embodiment, the liquid crystal lens has straight leads 62 in at least one preset region of the electrode unit group 91, each of which is perpendicular to a preset direction. In this region, the resistance value between each lead-out position on the conductive line 61 of the first electrode unit 911 and the first position of the first electrode unit 911 is parabolic or linearly distributed with respect to the distance between each lead-out position on the conductive line 61 of the first electrode unit 911 and the first position of the first electrode unit 911 in the preset direction of the electrode unit group 91. Similarly, the resistance value between each lead-out position on the conductive line 61 of the second electrode unit 912 and the first position of the second electrode unit 912 is linearly distributed with respect to the distance between each lead-out position on the conductive line 61 of the second electrode unit 912 and the first position of the second electrode unit 912 in the preset direction of the electrode unit group 91. The leads 62 of the first electrode unit 911 and the leads 62 of the second electrode unit 912 are arranged alternately in the preset region.

[0081] The aforementioned preset area can be specified as needed, and there are no restrictions here. We can select the area requiring high-precision potential control as the preset area; for example, the functional area of ​​the liquid crystal lens can be used as the aforementioned preset area, or the functional area of ​​the liquid crystal lens can be set within the aforementioned area. When each lead-out line 62 in the preset area is a straight line and perpendicular to the preset direction, the lead-out lines 62 in the preset area are parallel to each other. Figure 4 As shown, in order to enable the electrode unit groups 91 of the two electrode layers to work collaboratively, in this embodiment, the projections of the preset regions of the first electrode layer and the second electrode layer onto the second reference plane at least partially overlap, and this overlapping region serves as the junction region 90. The second reference plane is a plane parallel to both the lead-out lines 62 of the first electrode unit 911 and the lead-out lines 62 of the second electrode unit 912. The preset directions of the electrode unit groups 91 in the first electrode layer and the preset directions of the electrode unit groups 91 in the second electrode layer are perpendicular to each other. The aforementioned overlapping region is the region where the electrode unit groups 91 of the two electrode layers work collaboratively to jointly control the spatial potential distribution.

[0082] Under the synergistic effect of the two-layer electrode unit group, when the resistance value between each lead-out position on the conductive line 61 of the first electrode unit and the distance between each lead-out line 62 and the first position 611 in the preset direction of the electrode unit 91 is parabolic, a parabolic liquid crystal lens can be obtained; when it is linearly distributed, a liquid crystal cone lens can be obtained.

[0083] The parabolic distribution of the resistance values ​​between each lead-out position on the conductive line 61 of the aforementioned first electrode unit 911 and the first position of the first electrode unit 911 and the distances from each lead-out line 62 of the first electrode unit 911 to the first position of the first electrode unit 911 in the preset direction of the electrode unit group 91 means that a rectangular coordinate system is established with the resistance values ​​between the lead-out positions and the first positions and the distances from each lead-out line 62 to the first position 611 in the preset direction as coordinate axes. In this rectangular coordinate system, the curve representing the corresponding relationship between the resistance values ​​between each lead-out position on the conductive line 61 and the first position 611 and the distances from each lead-out line 62 to the first position 611 in the preset direction is a parabola.

[0084] The resistance values ​​between each lead-out position on the conductive line 61 of the aforementioned first electrode unit 911 and the first position of the first electrode unit 911 are linearly distributed with respect to the distances from each lead-out line 62 of the first electrode unit 911 to the first position of the first electrode unit 911 in a preset direction of the electrode unit group 91. This means that a rectangular coordinate system is established with the resistance values ​​between the lead-out positions and the first position 611 and the distances from each lead-out line 62 to the first position 611 in the preset direction as coordinate axes. In this rectangular coordinate system, the curve representing the relationship between the resistance values ​​between each lead-out position on the conductive line 61 and the first position 611 and the distances from each lead-out line 62 to the first position 611 in the preset direction is a straight line.

[0085] The linear distribution of the resistance values ​​between each lead-out position on the conductive line 61 of the aforementioned second electrode unit 912 and the first position of the second electrode unit 912 and the distances from each lead-out line 62 of the second electrode unit 912 to the first position of the second electrode unit 912 in the preset direction of the electrode unit group 91 means that a rectangular coordinate system is established with the resistance values ​​between the lead-out positions and the first positions and the distances from at least a portion of each lead-out line 62 in the first direction to the first positions as coordinate axes. In this rectangular coordinate system, the correspondence between the resistance values ​​between each lead-out position on the conductive line 61 and the first positions and the distances from at least a portion of each lead-out line 62 in the first direction to the first positions is a straight line.

[0086] like Figure 11As shown, for any first electrode unit in the two electrode layers, we establish a rectangular coordinate system with the first position 611 as the origin, the preset direction as the x-axis, and the potential magnitude as the y-axis. The coordinate of the x-axis represents the distance from at least a portion of each lead-out line 62 in the preset direction to the first position 611. When the first driving voltage and the second driving voltage, or the third driving voltage and the fourth driving voltage are applied, the resistance value between each lead-out position and the first position 611 is proportional to the potential of that lead-out position. Therefore, when the resistance value between each lead-out position on the conductive line 61 and the distance between each lead-out line 62 in the preset region and the first position 611 in the preset direction forms a parabolic distribution, the potential distribution formed by the lead-out lines 62 in the preset region in the preset direction is a parabolic cylindrical distribution.

[0087] Similarly, when the resistance value between each lead-out position on the conductive line 61 and the first position 611 is linearly distributed with respect to the distance from at least a portion of each lead-out line 62 to the first position 611 in a preset direction, the potential distribution formed by the lead-out line 62 in the preset direction is linearly distributed.

[0088] To achieve the movement of the optical axis position of the liquid crystal lens, this embodiment utilizes the conductive lines 61 of the second electrode unit 912 to generate potentials of different magnitudes, and uses lead-out lines 62 to lead out the expected potential to a preset region, superimposing it with the potential of the first electrode unit 911 in the preset region. The resistance values ​​between each lead-out position on the conductive lines 61 of the second electrode unit 912 and the first position of the second electrode unit 912 are configured to be linearly distributed along the preset direction of the electrode unit group 91. Since the lead-out lines 62 of the first electrode unit 911 and the lead-out lines 62 of the second electrode unit 912 are arranged alternately, the potential generated by the second electrode unit 912 in the preset region can affect the potential distribution of the first electrode unit 911 at each position in the preset region, causing an overall displacement of the potential distribution in the preset region, ultimately driving the optical axis of the formed liquid crystal lens to move.

[0089] In a preferred embodiment, the conductive line 61 is located outside the functional area of ​​the liquid crystal lens. The functional area of ​​the liquid crystal lens refers to the region within the lens where light can be modulated as needed. In the prior art, a single element is typically used to generate different potentials and control their distribution. Since this element controls the potential distribution, it is usually located within the functional area of ​​the liquid crystal lens. However, this approach limits the element that generates different potentials to the size of the functional area, making it difficult to meet the potential control requirements. This embodiment separates the element that generates the potential distribution (the conductive line 61) from the element that controls the potential distribution (the lead-out line 62). The element that generates the potential is located outside the functional area, while at least a portion of the element that controls the potential is located within the functional area of ​​the liquid crystal lens. This allows the element that generates the potential distribution to be unrestricted by the size and shape of the functional area, facilitating precise design of the conductive line 61, and ensuring that the element generating the potential distribution and the functional area do not interfere with each other.

[0090] Furthermore, this embodiment may also include a high-impedance film or a high-dielectric-constant layer to smooth the potential between adjacent leads 62 in the first electrode layer. The high-impedance film or high-dielectric-constant layer may be disposed between the first electrode layer and the first alignment layer, or between the first electrode layer and the first transparent substrate. To smooth the potential between adjacent leads 62 in the second electrode layer, the high-impedance film or high-dielectric-constant layer may be disposed between the second electrode layer and the second alignment layer, or between the second electrode layer and the second transparent substrate.

[0091] In this embodiment, the width of the conductive line 61 of the first electrode unit located between the second position 612 and the first position 611 is the same. The length of the conductive line 61 from each lead-out position to the first position 611 is parabolic or linearly distributed with respect to the distance from the portion of each lead-out line 62 in the preset area to the first position 611 in the preset direction.

[0092] Since the resistance value between each lead-out position on the conductive line 61 and the first position 611 is proportional to the length of the conductive line 61 from each lead-out position to the first position 611 when the width of the conductive line 61 is the same, this embodiment can also achieve a parabolic distribution of the potential distribution formed by the lead-out line 62 in the first direction in the preset region by making the length of the conductive line 61 from each lead-out position to the first position 611 in the preset region parabolic with the distance from each lead-out line 62 to the first position 611 in the preset direction.

[0093] Similarly, in this embodiment, the potential distribution formed by the lead-in line 62 in the preset area in the preset direction can also be linearly distributed by making the length between each lead-out position and the first position 611 on the conductive line 61 in the preset area linearly distributed with the distance between each lead-out line 62 and the first position 611 in the preset direction.

[0094] like Figures 9 to 15 As shown, in one embodiment, the conductive wire 61 is bent multiple times to form multiple segments. The lead-out positions are located at the bends between two adjacent segments, and the projections of each lead-out position in the first direction are staggered. Each segment has the same width, and the segments increase linearly from the first position 611 to the second position 612. Alternatively, each segment has the same width, and the segments between the first position 611 and the second position 612 increase linearly from the first position 611 to the second position 612, and the segments between the first position 611 and the third position 613 increase linearly from the first position 611 to the third position 613. A parabolic potential distribution can also be obtained using the aforementioned method.

[0095] For the second electrode unit 912, in this embodiment, when the width of the conductive lines 61 at each position of the second electrode unit 912 is the same, the length between each lead-out position on the conductive lines 61 of the second electrode unit 912 and the first position of the second electrode unit 912 is linearly distributed with respect to the distance between each lead-out line 62 of the second electrode unit 912 and the first position of the second electrode unit 912 in the preset direction of the electrode unit group 91. The aforementioned lengths all refer to the length of the conductive line 61 between two positions.

[0096] like Figure 2 and Figure 5 As shown, in this embodiment, the conductive line 61 of the first electrode unit further includes a third position 613. The first position 611 is located between the third position 613 and the second position 612. At least a portion of the lead-out positions are located between the second position 612 and the third position 613. The third position 613 of the conductive line 61 in the first electrode layer 20 is used to receive a second driving voltage, and the third position 613 of the conductive line 61 in the second electrode layer 60 is used to receive a fourth driving voltage.

[0097] In this embodiment, a third position 613 for applying a driving voltage is added to the second position 612 of the first electrode unit 911 in the first electrode layer 20 and the second electrode layer 60. The third position 613 of the first electrode unit 911 in the first electrode layer 20 is used to apply a second driving voltage, and the third position 613 of the first electrode unit 911 in the second electrode layer 60 is used to apply a fourth driving voltage. This allows either a second driving voltage or a fourth driving voltage to be applied simultaneously at the second position 612 and the third position 613 of the conductive line 61. When either a second driving voltage or a fourth driving voltage is applied simultaneously at the second position 612 and the third position 613 of the conductive line 61, a position-dependent potential is generated between the second position 612 and the first position 611, and between the third position 613 and the first position 611. The lead-out line 62 can be led out from both sides of the first position 611, meaning the lead-out position can be located either between the second position 612 and the first position 611, or between the third position 613 and the first position 611. With the aforementioned structure, the potential distribution on both sides of the first position 611 can be controlled by the lead wires 62 on both sides of the first position 611, and a symmetrical potential distribution on both sides can also be formed.

[0098] In this embodiment, the width of the portion of the conductive line 61 of the first electrode unit located between the second position 612 and the third position 613 may be the same. The length of the conductive line 61 from each lead-out position to the first position 611 and the distance from the portion of each lead-out line 62 in the preset area in the first direction to the first position 611 may be parabolic or linearly distributed.

[0099] like Figure 6 As shown, in this embodiment, the first electrode unit further includes a first electrical connector 63, which is connected to the conductive line 61 at a first position 611; in this embodiment, a first driving voltage is applied to the first position 611 of the conductive line 61 through the first electrical connector 63.

[0100] The portion of the conductive wire 61 of the first electrode unit between the first position 611 and the second position 612 is the first sub-part 614, and the portion of the conductive wire 61 between the first position 611 and the third position 613 is the second sub-part 615. The first sub-part 614 and the second sub-part 615 are respectively located on opposite sides of the first electrical connector 63. To facilitate the first electrical connector 63 extending outward from the first position 611 of the conductive wire 61, this embodiment positions the two parts of the conductive wire 61, namely the first sub-part 614 and the second sub-part 615, on opposite sides of the first electrical connector 63. This allows for the generation of a position-dependent potential on both sides of the first position 611 while avoiding the first electrical connector 63, thus facilitating the application of the first driving voltage.

[0101] like Figure 7 As shown, the lead wire 62 of the first electrode unit includes a first part and a second part located on opposite sides of the reference plane 80. The conductive wire 61 is located on the same side of the reference plane 80 as the first part or the second part. The reference plane 80 is a plane that passes through the first position 611 and is perpendicular to a preset direction.

[0102] like Figure 7 As shown, the space where the liquid crystal lens is located is divided into two regions by the reference plane 80. The conductive line 61 is located in only one region, while the lead-out line 62 extends in both regions. This embodiment uses the aforementioned structure, allowing the lead-out line 62 to be drawn from only one region, thus controlling the potential distribution in both regions. This means that only two driving voltages need to be applied to control the potential distribution on both sides of the first position 611, and the length of the conductive line 61 can be shortened by half, significantly reducing the manufacturing cost and energy consumption of the liquid crystal lens. Figure 8 and Figure 9 As shown, similarly, the lead wire 62 of the second electrode unit includes a first part and a second part located on opposite sides of the reference plane 80. The conductive wire 61 is located on the same side of the reference plane 80 as the first part or the second part. The reference plane 80 is a plane that passes through the first position 611 and is perpendicular to the preset direction.

[0103] For ease of arrangement, the leads of the first electrode unit and the second electrode unit can be respectively set on opposite sides of the reference plane 80. The aforementioned structure not only allows the elements that generate the potential and the elements that control the potential distribution to be concentrated in different areas, but also allows the movement of the liquid crystal lens area and optical axis position using half the length of conductive line.

[0104] This embodiment can also be used to... Figures 12 to 16 Replace any type of conductive wire 61 after cutting it in half. Figure 7 The conductive line 61 in the middle obtains the structure of the corresponding electrode unit. Furthermore, a symmetrical potential distribution can be formed on both sides. In this embodiment, the extension line may include only the first and second parts, or it may include other parts besides the first and second parts; there is no limitation here. Figure 10As shown, in this embodiment, the lead wires 62 include a first set of lead wires 616 and a second set of lead wires 617. The first set of lead wires 616 are led out to a first region by conductive wires 61, and the second set of lead wires 617 are led out to a second region by conductive wires 61. The first region and the second region are located on opposite sides of a reference plane 80, which is a plane passing through the first position 611 and perpendicular to the first direction. The conductive wires 61 are located in either the first region or the second region. In this embodiment, the lead wires 62 are divided into two groups, both of which are led out from the conductive wires 61 located only in the first region, and then extend to the first region and the second region respectively. Using this method, the potential distribution on both sides of the first position 611 can be controlled by applying a driving voltage at only two positions, and the length of the conductive wires 61 can be shortened by half, significantly reducing the manufacturing cost and energy consumption of the liquid crystal lens.

[0105] Example 2

[0106] like Figure 17 As shown, this embodiment provides a liquid crystal lens array, including the liquid crystal lens 100 described in Embodiment 1. At least one of the first electrode layer and the second electrode layer includes at least two electrode unit groups 91. The projections of the lead-out lines 62 of the electrode unit group 91 in the first electrode layer and the lead-out lines 62 of the electrode unit group 91 in the second electrode layer onto the second reference plane form a plurality of intersecting regions 90 arranged in an array. Each intersecting region 90 includes at least one of the preset regions.

[0107] In this embodiment, one electrode unit group 91 can be provided in one electrode layer, and two or more electrode unit groups 91 can be provided in another electrode layer, or two or more electrode unit groups 91 can be provided in both electrode layers. Each electrode unit group 91 in the two electrode layers can form multiple arrayed junction regions 90. In these junction regions 90, the potentials of the two electrode layers are superimposed, so that the electric field generated by the potentials distributed in these regions can drive the liquid crystal molecules to deflect, thereby forming individual liquid crystal lenses. The position of the optical axis of each liquid crystal lens 100 can be controlled by the second electrode unit 912 in each electrode unit group 91.

[0108] When the resistance value between each lead-out position on the conductive line 61 of each first electrode unit 911 and the first position of the first electrode unit 911 is parabolic in the distance from each lead-out line 62 of the first electrode unit 911 to the first position of the first electrode unit 911 in the preset direction of the electrode unit group 91, the potential distribution of each junction region 90 is parabolic.

[0109] When the resistance value between each lead-out position on the conductive line 61 of the first electrode unit 911 and the first position of the first electrode unit 911 is linearly distributed with respect to the distance between each lead-out line 62 of the first electrode unit 911 and the first position of the first electrode unit 911 in a preset direction of the electrode unit group 91, the potential distribution of each junction region 90 is a conical distribution. In one preferred embodiment, when the width of the conductive lines 61 is the same, in each junction region, the length of the conductive line 61 from each lead-out position to the first position 611 and the distance between each lead-out line 62 and the first position 611 in the first direction are parabolic or linearly distributed, thereby obtaining a parabolic liquid crystal lens array or a liquid crystal conical lens array. The aperture and spacing of the liquid crystal lenses can be adjusted as needed. With the aforementioned structure, this embodiment can form a precise parabolic or spherical potential distribution in each junction region, resulting in a better liquid crystal lens array.

[0110] Example 3

[0111] like Figure 18 As shown, this embodiment provides another form of liquid crystal lens array, including the liquid crystal lens described in Embodiment 1. The lead-out lines 62 of the electrode unit group 91 extend to form multiple extension segments. The resistance value between each lead-out position on the conductive line 61 and the distance from at least a portion of each extension segment in a preset upward direction to the first position satisfies a preset condition corresponding to the extension segment. Multiple intersection regions 90 formed by the projections of the extension segments of the electrode unit group 91 in the first electrode layer and the extension segments of the electrode unit group 91 in the second electrode layer onto the second reference plane are arranged in an array. Each intersection region 90 includes at least one of the preset regions. The lead-out lines 62 of the first electrode unit 911 and the lead-out lines 62 of the second electrode unit 912 respectively extend to form extension segments.

[0112] In this embodiment, the liquid crystal lens array can be formed by extending the lead-out line 62 of the liquid crystal lens 100 in Embodiment 1 to form multiple extension segments. Each extension segment can control the potential distribution of its corresponding region, thereby driving the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer 40 of its corresponding region to deflect. The projection of the extension segments in the two electrode layers onto the second reference plane forms multiple overlapping regions, each of which corresponds to an optical device 100. The potential distribution formed by each extension segment can be the same or different, which is not limited here. Since the distance between each extension segment and the first position 611 on the conductive line 61 in the first direction is different, even if the potential distribution formed by each extension segment is the same, the resistance value between each lead-out position on the conductive line 61 and the first position 611 is different from the condition satisfied by the distance of each extension segment to the first position 611 in the preset direction. In this embodiment, a preset condition corresponding to each extension segment can be set separately.

[0113] For example, when we want to obtain a parabolic lens array, we can set the aforementioned corresponding conditions to be such that the resistance value between each lead-out position on the conductive line 61 and the first position 611 in each junction region, and the distance from at least a portion of each lead-out line 62 in the first direction to the first position 611 minus the offset distance of the extension segment, satisfy a parabolic distribution.

[0114] Let the extension segment closest to the first position 611 be the initial extension segment 610, where the offset distance of a certain extension segment is the distance between the position of the same lead 62 in the first direction in the extension segment and the position in the initial extension segment 610.

[0115] The following is based on Figure 19 Let's take an electrode unit that includes multiple extension segments as an example for illustration, such as... Figure 19 As shown, let Figure 19 There are three extension segments arranged in an array, namely the initial extension segment 610, the first extension segment 620 and the second extension segment 630, wherein the offset distance of the first extension segment 620 is d1 and the offset distance of the second extension segment 630 is d2.

[0116] When we want to obtain a parabolic lens array, assuming the width of the conductive lines 6161 is the same, the aforementioned preset condition can be set as follows: the length of the conductive line 6161 from each lead-out position to the first position 611 is equal to the distance from each lead-out line 6262 to the first position 611 in the preset direction minus the offset distance of the extension segment, satisfying a parabolic distribution. Similarly, when the preset condition satisfies a linear distribution, a conical lens array can be obtained.

[0117] In each junction region 90, in addition to the extension of the lead 62 of the first electrode unit 911, there is also an extension of the lead 62 of the second electrode unit 912. The potential of the extension of the lead 62 of the second electrode unit 912 is used to move the overall potential distribution of each liquid crystal lens in the array, thereby realizing the movement of the optical axis position of each liquid crystal lens.

[0118] The aperture and spacing of the aforementioned liquid crystal lenses can be adjusted as needed.

[0119] By adopting the aforementioned structure in this embodiment, each junction area 90 can form a precise parabolic or spherical potential distribution, thereby obtaining a better liquid crystal lens array.

[0120] Example 4

[0121] like Figure 20 As shown, this embodiment provides a method for driving a liquid crystal lens or a liquid crystal lens array. This method is used to drive the liquid crystal lens described in Embodiment 1, the liquid crystal lens array in Embodiment 2, or the liquid crystal lens array in Embodiment 3. The liquid crystal lens is a liquid crystal lens, and the liquid crystal lens array is a liquid crystal lens array. Let the first driving voltage be V1, the second driving voltage be V2, the third driving voltage be V3, and the fourth driving voltage be V4. The method includes the following steps:

[0122] S1: Obtain the liquid crystal linear response voltage range of the liquid crystal lens or liquid crystal lens array;

[0123] The linear operating range of a liquid crystal refers to the voltage range in which the phase delay of the liquid crystal is linearly related to the driving voltage.

[0124] S2: Obtain the minimum voltage V within the linear operating range of the liquid crystal based on the liquid crystal linear response voltage range. min and maximum voltage V max ;

[0125] S3: Based on the minimum voltage V min and maximum voltage V max Adjusting the voltage difference between V1 and V2, and the voltage difference between V3 and V4, adjusts the optical power of the liquid crystal lens or liquid crystal lens array and / or switches the positive and negative lens states of the liquid crystal lens or liquid crystal lens array, wherein V min ≤|V1-V3|≤V max V min ≤|V2-V4|≤V max .

[0126] This step allows adjustment of the optical power of the liquid crystal lens or liquid crystal lens array by adjusting the values ​​of V1-V2 and V3-V4. Furthermore, this embodiment can switch between the positive and negative lens states of the liquid crystal lens by changing the relationship between V1 and V2 and the optical values ​​of V3-V4.

[0127] In this embodiment, when the intersection region of the projections of the lead wires of the first electrode unit and the lead wires of the second electrode unit onto the second reference plane is a rectangular region, step S3: based on the minimum voltage V min and maximum voltage V max Adjusting the voltage difference between V1 and V2, and the voltage difference between V3 and V4, adjusts the optical power of the liquid crystal lens or liquid crystal lens array and / or switches the positive and negative lens states of the liquid crystal lens or liquid crystal lens array, wherein V min ≤|V1-V3|≤V max V min ≤|V2-V4|≤V max Specifically, the following steps are included:

[0128] S31: Obtain the length 2a and width 2b of the rectangular region;

[0129] The length 2a and width 2b of the rectangular region can be equal or unequal, which is not restricted here. When the length is 2a and the width is 2b, the intersection area is a square.

[0130] S32: Determine the magnitudes of the first driving voltage V1, the second driving voltage V2, the third driving voltage V3, and the fourth driving voltage V4 based on the length 2a and width 2b of the rectangular region, such that (V2-V1) / a 2 =(V3-V4) / b 2 .

[0131] This embodiment uses the aforementioned driving method of applying driving voltage to obtain a liquid crystal circular lens or a liquid crystal circular lens array.

[0132] Example 5

[0133] This embodiment provides a driving method for a liquid crystal lens or liquid crystal lens array, used to drive the liquid crystal lens described in Embodiment 1 or the liquid crystal lens array in Embodiment 2 or Embodiment 3. Let the first driving voltage be V1, the second driving voltage be V2, the third driving voltage be V3, the fourth driving voltage be V4, the fifth driving voltage be V5, the sixth driving voltage be V6, the seventh driving voltage be V7, and the eighth driving voltage be V8. The intersection region of the projections of the lead-out lines of the electrode unit groups in the first electrode layer and the lead-out lines of the electrode unit groups in the second electrode layer onto the second reference plane is a rectangular region. The method includes the following steps:

[0134] S01: Obtain the liquid crystal linear response voltage range of the liquid crystal lens or liquid crystal lens array;

[0135] The linear operating range of a liquid crystal refers to the voltage range in which the phase delay of the liquid crystal is linearly related to the driving voltage.

[0136] S02: Obtain the minimum voltage V within the linear operating range of the liquid crystal based on the liquid crystal linear response voltage range. min and maximum voltage V max ;

[0137] S03: Based on the minimum voltage V min and maximum voltage V max Voltage for determining the optical axis position of the liquid crystal lens V cen Voltage at the edge of the liquid crystal lens V edg V min ≤ V cen ≤V max V min ≤ V edg ≤V max The edge position of the liquid crystal lens refers to the position in the liquid crystal lens that is farthest from the optical axis of the liquid crystal lens.

[0138] S04: Obtain the target position coordinates of the liquid crystal lens optical axis movement ( x o , y o );

[0139] The target position coordinates ( x o , y o The coordinates refer to the position of the liquid crystal lens after its optical axis has completed its movement. We can establish a rectangular coordinate system with the center of the rectangular area as the origin, the preset direction as the x-axis, and the direction perpendicular to the preset direction as the y-axis.

[0140] S05: Obtain the length 2a and width 2b of the rectangular region;

[0141] S06: According to the formula: Determine the various driving voltages, among which V 1, V 3, V 5 can be any value.

[0142] This step involves selecting any option first. V 1, V 3, VThe value of 5 is then determined based on the length 2a and width 2b of the rectangular region and the voltage at the optical axis position of the liquid crystal lens. V cen Voltage at the edge of the liquid crystal lens V edg and target location coordinates ( x o , y o The values ​​of the remaining five driving voltages are calculated using the formula above. The magnitude of each driving voltage can be determined by applying the corresponding voltage to each conductive line, thus moving the optical axis of the liquid crystal lens to the target position. The effect of optical axis movement is as follows: Figures 21 to 23 As shown, from Figure 21 and Figure 22 It can be seen from this that the optical axis of the liquid crystal lens is... Figure 21 The position in the middle has moved down. Figure 22 The position in the middle, from Figure 21 and Figure 23 It can be seen from this that the optical axis of the liquid crystal lens is... Figure 21 The position in the middle has moved to the upper right. Figure 23 The position in the middle.

[0143] Example 6

[0144] This embodiment provides an electronic product, which includes a control circuit and a liquid crystal lens as described in any one of Embodiments 1. The control circuit is electrically connected to the liquid crystal lens or a liquid crystal lens array. The electronic product includes, but is not limited to, imaging devices, display devices, mobile phones, AR devices, VR devices, glasses-free 3D products, wearable devices, etc.

[0145] The above is a detailed description of the liquid crystal lens driving method, apparatus, device, and storage medium provided in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0146] It should be clarified that the present invention is not limited to the specific configurations and processes described above and shown in the figures. For the sake of brevity, detailed descriptions of known methods are omitted here. In the above embodiments, several specific steps are described and shown as examples. However, the method process of the present invention is not limited to the specific steps described and shown. Those skilled in the art can make various changes, modifications, and additions, or change the order of steps, after understanding the spirit of the present invention.

[0147] The functional blocks shown in the above-described structural diagram can be implemented as hardware, software, firmware, or a combination thereof. When implemented in hardware, they can be, for example, electronic circuits, application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), appropriate firmware, plug-ins, function cards, etc. When implemented in software, the elements of this invention are programs or code segments used to perform the required tasks. The programs or code segments can be stored on a machine-readable medium or transmitted over a transmission medium or communication link via data signals carried in a carrier wave. "Machine-readable medium" can include any medium capable of storing or transmitting information. Examples of machine-readable media include electronic circuits, semiconductor memory devices, ROM, flash memory, erasable ROM (EROM), floppy disks, CD-ROMs, optical disks, hard disks, fiber optic media, radio frequency (RF) links, etc. Code segments can be downloaded via computer networks such as the Internet, intranets, etc.

[0148] It should also be noted that the exemplary embodiments mentioned in this invention describe methods or systems based on a series of steps or apparatus. However, this invention is not limited to the order of the steps described above; that is, the steps can be performed in the order mentioned in the embodiments, or in a different order, or several steps can be performed simultaneously.

[0149] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention. Those skilled in the art will clearly understand that, for the sake of convenience and brevity, the specific working processes of the systems, modules, and units described above can be referred to the corresponding processes in the foregoing method embodiments, and will not be repeated here. It should be understood that the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of various equivalent modifications or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention, and these modifications or substitutions should all be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A liquid crystal lens, characterized in that, The device includes a first transparent substrate, a first electrode layer, a first alignment layer, a liquid crystal layer, a second alignment layer, a second electrode layer, and a second transparent substrate, which are stacked sequentially. The first electrode layer and the second electrode layer each include an electrode unit group, and the electrode unit group includes a first electrode unit and a second electrode unit. The first electrode unit and the second electrode unit both include conductive wires and multiple lead wires. The conductive wires include a first position and a second position, which are different from each other. One end of each lead wire is connected to the conductive wire, and the other end is suspended. The position where the lead wire is connected to the conductive wire is the lead-out position. At least a portion of the lead-out positions are located between the first position and the second position of the conductive wire, and at least two lead-out positions are different. In at least one preset region of the electrode unit group, each lead wire is a straight line and perpendicular to a preset direction. In this preset region, the resistance value between each lead wire position on the conductive line of the first electrode unit and the first position of the first electrode unit is parabolic or linearly distributed with respect to the distance between each lead wire position on the conductive line of the first electrode unit and the first position of the first electrode unit in the preset direction of the electrode unit group. The resistance value between each lead wire position on the conductive line of the second electrode unit and the first position of the second electrode unit is linearly distributed with respect to the distance between each lead wire position on the conductive line of the second electrode unit and the first position of the second electrode unit in the preset direction of the electrode unit group. In the preset region, the leads wires of the first electrode unit and the leads wires of the second electrode unit are arranged alternately. The projections of the preset regions of the first electrode layer and the preset regions of the second electrode layer onto the second reference plane at least partially overlap. The second reference plane is a plane that is parallel to the lead-out lines of both the first and second electrode units. The preset directions of the electrode unit groups in the first electrode layer and the preset directions of the electrode unit groups in the second electrode layer are perpendicular to each other. In the first electrode layer, the first position of the conductive line of the first electrode unit is used to receive the first driving voltage, and the second position is used to receive the second driving voltage. The first position of the conductive line of the second electrode unit is used to receive the fifth driving voltage, and the second position is used to receive the sixth driving voltage. In the second electrode layer, the first position of the conductive line of the first electrode unit is used to receive the third driving voltage, the second position is used to receive the fourth driving voltage, the first position of the conductive line of the second electrode unit is used to receive the seventh driving voltage, and the second position is used to receive the eighth driving voltage.

2. The liquid crystal lens according to claim 1, characterized in that, The conductive lines of the first electrode unit have the same width between the second position and the first position. The length of the conductive lines of the first unit from each lead-out position to the first position is parabolic or linearly distributed with respect to the distance from the portion of each lead-out line in the preset area to the first position in the preset direction.

3. The liquid crystal lens according to claim 1, characterized in that, The conductive line of the first electrode unit further includes a third position, the first position is located between the third position and the second position, at least a portion of the lead-out positions are located between the second position and the third position, the third position of the conductive line of the first electrode layer is used to receive a second driving voltage, and the third position of the conductive line of the second electrode layer is used to receive a fourth driving voltage.

4. The liquid crystal lens according to claim 3, characterized in that, The conductive lines of the first electrode unit have the same width between the second and third positions. The length of the conductive lines of the first electrode unit from each lead-out position to the first position and the distance from the portion of each lead-out line in the preset area to the first position in the preset direction are parabolic or linearly distributed.

5. The liquid crystal lens according to claim 3, characterized in that, The first electrode unit further includes a first electrical connector, which is connected to the conductive wire of the first electrode unit at a first position. The portion of the conductive wire of the first electrode unit between the first position and the second position is the first sub-part, and the portion of the conductive wire of the first electrode unit between the first position and the third position is the second sub-part. The first sub-part and the second sub-part are respectively located on opposite sides of the first electrical connector.

6. The liquid crystal lens according to claim 1, characterized in that, The conductive wire of the first electrode unit is bent multiple times to form multiple segments. The lead-out position is located at the bend between two adjacent segments. The width of each segment is the same, and the length of each segment increases linearly from the first position to the second position.

7. The liquid crystal lens according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lead wire of the first electrode unit includes a first part and a second part located on opposite sides of the first reference plane. The conductive wire of the first electrode unit is located on the same side of the first reference plane as the first part or the second part. The first reference plane is a plane passing through the first position of the first electrode unit and perpendicular to the preset direction.

8. The liquid crystal lens according to claim 7, characterized in that, The lead wire of the second electrode unit includes a first part and a second part located on opposite sides of the first reference plane, and the conductive wire of the second electrode unit and the conductive wire of the first electrode unit are located on opposite sides of the first reference plane.

9. The liquid crystal lens according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lead wires of the first electrode unit include a first set of lead wires and a second set of lead wires. The first set of lead wires is led out to a first region by conductive wires, and the second set of lead wires is led out to a second region by conductive wires. The first region and the second region are located on opposite sides of a first reference plane. The first reference plane is a plane that passes through a first position of the first electrode unit and is perpendicular to a preset direction. The conductive wires of the first electrode unit are located in the first region or the second region.

10. The liquid crystal lens according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that, The conductive lines are located outside the functional area of ​​the liquid crystal lens.

11. The liquid crystal lens according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that, A high-resistivity film or a high-dielectric-constant layer is disposed between the second electrode layer and the second alignment layer or between the second electrode layer and the second transparent substrate.

12. A liquid crystal lens array, characterized in that, The liquid crystal lens comprising any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein at least one of the first electrode layer and the second electrode layer comprises at least two electrode unit groups, and the projections of the leads of the electrode unit groups in the first electrode layer and the leads of the electrode unit groups in the second electrode layer onto the second reference plane form a plurality of arrayed junction regions, each junction region comprising at least one of the predetermined regions.

13. A liquid crystal lens array, characterized in that, The liquid crystal lens comprising any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein the lead wires of the electrode unit group extend to form a plurality of extension segments, the resistance value between each lead position on the conductive line and the distance between at least a portion of each extension segment and the first position in a preset direction satisfies a preset condition corresponding to the extension segment, and a plurality of intersection regions formed by the projection of the extension segments of the electrode unit group in the first electrode layer and the extension segments of the electrode unit group in the second electrode layer onto the second reference plane are arranged in an array, and each intersection region includes at least one of the preset regions.

14. An electronic product, characterized in that, It includes a control circuit and a liquid crystal lens according to any one of claims 1 to 11 or a liquid crystal lens array according to any one of claims 12 to 13, wherein the control circuit is electrically connected to the liquid crystal lens or the liquid crystal lens array.

15. A driving method for a liquid crystal lens or a liquid crystal lens array, characterized in that, For driving a liquid crystal lens according to any one of claims 1 to 11 or a liquid crystal lens array according to any one of claims 12 to 13, wherein the first driving voltage is V1, the second driving voltage is V2, the third driving voltage is V3, and the fourth driving voltage is V4, the method includes the following steps: S1: Obtain the liquid crystal linear response voltage range of the liquid crystal lens or liquid crystal lens array; S2: obtaining the minimum voltage V in the liquid crystal linear working interval according to the liquid crystal linear response voltage interval min and the maximum voltage V max ; S3: Based on the minimum voltage V min and maximum voltage V max Adjusting the voltage difference between V1 and V2, and the voltage difference between V3 and V4, adjusts the optical power of the liquid crystal lens or liquid crystal lens array and / or switches the positive and negative lens states of the liquid crystal lens or liquid crystal lens array, wherein V min ≤|V1-V3|≤V max V min ≤|V2-V4|≤V max .

16. The driving method for a liquid crystal lens or liquid crystal lens array according to claim 15, characterized in that, When the intersection region of the projections of the lead wires of the first electrode unit and the lead wires of the second electrode unit onto the second reference plane is a rectangular region, step S3: based on the minimum voltage V min and maximum voltage V max Adjusting the voltage difference between V1 and V2, and the voltage difference between V3 and V4, adjusts the optical power of the liquid crystal lens or liquid crystal lens array and / or switches the positive and negative lens states of the liquid crystal lens or liquid crystal lens array, wherein V min ≤|V1-V3|≤V max V min ≤|V2-V4|≤V max It also includes the following steps: S31: Obtain the length 2a and width 2b of the rectangular region; S32: Determine the magnitudes of the first driving voltage V1, the second driving voltage V2, the third driving voltage V3, and the fourth driving voltage V4 based on the length 2a and width 2b of the rectangular region, such that (V2-V1) / a 2 =(V3-V4) / b 2 .

17. A driving method for a liquid crystal lens or a liquid crystal lens array, characterized in that, For driving a liquid crystal lens according to any one of claims 1 to 11 or a liquid crystal lens array according to any one of claims 12 to 13, wherein the first driving voltage is V1, the second driving voltage is V2, the third driving voltage is V3, the fourth driving voltage is V4, the fifth driving voltage is V5, the sixth driving voltage is V6, the seventh driving voltage is V7, and the eighth driving voltage is V8, and the intersection region of the projections of the lead-out lines of the electrode unit groups in the first electrode layer and the lead-out lines of the electrode unit groups in the second electrode layer onto the second reference plane is a rectangular region, the method includes the following steps: S01: Obtain the liquid crystal linear response voltage range of the liquid crystal lens or liquid crystal lens array; S02: Obtain the minimum voltage V within the linear operating range of the liquid crystal based on the liquid crystal linear response voltage range. min and maximum voltage V max ; S03: Based on the minimum voltage V min and maximum voltage V max Voltage for determining the optical axis position of the liquid crystal lens V cen Voltage at the edge of the liquid crystal lens V edg V min ≤ V cen ≤V max V min ≤ V edg ≤V max ; S04: Obtain the target position coordinates of the liquid crystal lens optical axis movement ( x o , y o ); S05: Obtain the length 2a and width 2b of the rectangular region; S06: According to the formula: Determine the various driving voltages, among which V 1, V 3, V 5 can be any value.

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