Power supply / demand adjustment method and power supply / demand management device

Abstract

This disclosure relates to a method for adjusting electricity supply and demand and an apparatus for managing electricity supply and demand. The method disclosed herein is a method for adjusting the electricity supply and demand between an electric vehicle and a battery mounted on an electric vehicle. It includes: a step of obtaining a power sales permit for the battery; a step of obtaining, based on the obtained power sales permit, battery information of the battery for which the power sales permit has been obtained, and power demand information from the electric vehicle transmission system; a step of calculating the amount of electricity sold from the battery to the electric vehicle transmission system based on the obtained battery information and power demand information; a step of transmitting electricity from the battery to the electric vehicle transmission system based on the amount of electricity sold; and a step of calculating a reward for users of the electric vehicle based on the amount of electricity sold.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The technology disclosed herein relates to a method for adjusting power supply and demand, and a power supply and demand management device used in the method. Background Technology

[0002] In recent years, a method for adjusting electricity supply and demand has been proposed, in which general users cooperate with the power supply and demand balance adjustment in a power transmission system managed by power companies, and are rewarded with certain incentives (money, points, etc.). In this method, when a power shortage occurs in the power transmission system, users with large, rechargeable batteries request power supply. Upon responding to the request, the user connects their own battery to a power supply and demand management device, which then supplies power to the power transmission system. Furthermore, the power supply and demand management device rewards the user based on the supplied power. Patent Document 1 (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2020-42686) discloses an example of a power supply and demand management device used in the aforementioned method. In this specification, the processing related to the aforementioned series of power supply and reward assignments is referred to as "electricity sales processing."

[0003] Furthermore, the power supply and demand management device described in Patent Document 1 includes: a status information acquisition unit that acquires status information indicating the current status of a battery; a performance calculation unit that calculates a performance index (battery degradation degree) indicating the degree of battery consumption based on the status information; and a reward assignment unit that assigns a reward corresponding to the value of the performance index to providers who use the battery as a power supply and demand adjustment unit in the power transmission system. In this power supply and demand management device, higher rewards are assigned to users who own batteries with high degradation degrees. This encourages users who are hesitant to participate in power supply and demand adjustments due to battery degradation to participate in the adjustments. Additionally, before actually using a user's battery as a power supply and demand adjustment unit, the power supply and demand management device described in Patent Document 1 notifies the user's communication terminal, etc., of the rewards available for participating in power supply and demand adjustments. Users can then decide whether to participate in the power supply and demand adjustments based on this notification.

[0004] However, for users who already intend to participate in electricity sales processing, the hassle of confirming the aforementioned notification and deciding whether to participate may reduce their willingness to participate. Therefore, a power supply and demand management device has been proposed that appropriately implements electricity sales processing as needed after obtaining prior permission from the user. For example, Patent Document 2 (Japanese Patent No. 6783190) discloses a power supply and demand management device that implements electricity sales processing at timed intervals beneficial to the user based on the user's prior consent. Patent Document 2 describes comparing the reward amount obtained from participating in electricity sales processing through a battery with the purchase price based on deterioration characteristics, and automatically implementing electricity sales processing when the reward amount exceeds the reduction in the purchase price.

[0005] Existing technical documents

[0006] Patent documents

[0007] Patent Document 1: Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2020-42686

[0008] Patent Document 2: Japanese Patent No. 6783190 Summary of the Invention

[0009] As described above, the technology described in Patent Document 2 automatically implements electricity sales processing in a way that does not inconvenience users and allows them to obtain appropriate benefits. However, since the technology described in Patent Document 2 implements electricity sales processing while gaining financial advantages, it does not consider the impact of electricity sales processing on the condition of the battery. Therefore, in batteries used as drive sources for electric vehicles, etc., implementing electricity sales processing based solely on financial advantages may lead to excessive deterioration of the battery's condition, potentially causing adverse effects on safety, etc. Such an impact on the battery's condition becomes a concern for users of electric vehicles, etc., and may become a major reason for hesitation in participating in electricity supply and demand regulation.

[0010] The technology disclosed herein was developed to address the aforementioned problems, providing a method to eliminate user concerns and promote participation in electricity supply and demand adjustment by implementing electricity sales processing corresponding to the state of the battery.

[0011] To address the aforementioned issues, the following power supply and demand adjustment method is provided using the technology disclosed herein. This method adjusts the power supply and demand between a power transmission system and a battery installed in an electric vehicle, comprising the following steps: obtaining a power sales permit for electricity stored in the battery; obtaining, based on the obtained power sales permit, battery information of the battery for which the power sales permit was obtained, and power demand information from the power transmission system, wherein the battery information includes at least the charging state and battery health of the battery for which the power sales permit was obtained; calculating the amount of electricity supplied from the battery to the power transmission system based on the obtained battery information and power demand information; transmitting the electricity based on the amount of electricity sold from the battery to the power transmission system; and calculating a reward for the user of the electric vehicle based on the amount of electricity sold.

[0012] This electricity supply and demand adjustment method allows for the acquisition of battery information (charge status and battery health) and electricity demand information based on the battery's electricity sales permit. The appropriate electricity sales volume is then calculated using this information. Furthermore, the calculated electricity sales volume is automatically received from the battery and supplied to the power transmission system. This method eliminates the hassle for users of monitoring electricity sales-related information and deciding whether to participate in electricity supply and demand adjustment. Additionally, by implementing electricity sales processing that considers the condition of each battery, concerns about excessive battery deterioration are eliminated. Therefore, user participation in electricity supply and demand adjustment is encouraged.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment of the power supply and demand adjustment method disclosed herein, in the step of calculating the above-mentioned electricity sales volume, when comparing the state of charge and battery health of the battery that has obtained the above-mentioned electricity sales permit with a predetermined corresponding threshold, if at least one of the state of charge and battery health of the above-mentioned battery is lower than the above-mentioned threshold, the above-mentioned electricity sales volume is calculated to be 0.

[0014] Based on the above structure, electricity sales transactions that could lead to excessive deterioration of the battery's condition and adversely affect safety when used as a power source for electric vehicles are suspended. This eliminates concerns among users who cannot use electric vehicles due to electricity sales transactions, thus promoting participation in electricity supply and demand adjustment.

[0015] In a preferred embodiment of the electricity supply and demand adjustment method disclosed herein, after the step of calculating the aforementioned electricity sales, the method further includes a step of comparing the calculated electricity sales with a predetermined threshold for electricity sales. Alternatively, if the calculated electricity sales exceed the aforementioned threshold, the calculated electricity sales may be reduced to at least that threshold.

[0016] The aforementioned structure prevents excessive power from being delivered from the battery. This eliminates concerns about rapid battery degradation and encourages user participation in power supply and demand adjustments.

[0017] In a preferred embodiment of the electricity supply and demand adjustment method disclosed herein, in the step of obtaining the aforementioned electricity sales permit, in addition to obtaining the electricity sales permit, the electricity sales conditions set by the user of the aforementioned electric vehicle are also obtained. Furthermore, after the step of calculating the aforementioned electricity sales volume, a step of determining whether the aforementioned electricity sales conditions are met may be included. Alternatively, if the aforementioned electricity sales conditions are met, the electricity based on the calculated electricity sales volume may be supplied to the aforementioned power transmission system.

[0018] Based on the above structure, electricity sales processing is implemented according to the electricity sales conditions set by the user. Therefore, electricity sales processing not intended by the user is not implemented, thus encouraging user participation in electricity supply and demand adjustment.

[0019] Additionally, the power supply and demand management device disclosed herein is provided in other aspects. The power supply and demand management device disclosed herein is a device for managing the power supply and demand between a power transmission system and a battery installed in an electric vehicle. The power supply and demand management device comprises: a power sales information management unit that obtains a power sales permit for the power stored in the battery; a battery information acquisition unit that obtains battery information of the battery for which the power sales permit has been obtained; a power demand information acquisition unit that obtains power demand information from the power transmission system; a power sales volume management unit that calculates the power sales volume supplied from the battery to the power transmission system based on the battery information obtained by the battery information acquisition unit and the power demand information obtained by the power demand information acquisition unit; a power transmission and reception management unit that transmits power from the battery to the power transmission system based on the power sales volume; and a reward management unit that calculates a reward to be awarded to the user of the electric vehicle based on the power sales volume. The battery information of the battery includes at least the charging status and battery health of the battery for which the power sales permit has been obtained.

[0020] According to the power supply and demand management device with the above structure, based on the battery's power sales permit, it obtains battery information (charging status and battery health) and power demand information, and calculates the appropriate amount of electricity to be sold based on this information. Furthermore, it automatically receives the calculated amount of electricity from the battery and supplies power to the power transmission system. This structure eliminates the hassle of deciding whether to participate in power supply and demand adjustment and concerns about excessive deterioration of the battery's condition. Therefore, it encourages user participation in power supply and demand adjustment.

[0021] In a preferred embodiment of the power supply and demand management device disclosed herein, the aforementioned power sales management unit stores predetermined thresholds for battery health and charging status. Alternatively, the battery health and charging status of the battery obtained by the aforementioned battery information acquisition unit can be compared with the aforementioned thresholds, and if at least one of the battery health and charging status of the battery is lower than the aforementioned threshold, the aforementioned power sales are calculated as 0.

[0022] Based on the above structure, excessive deterioration of the battery condition is prevented, eliminating concerns among users who are unable to use electric vehicles. This, in turn, encourages user participation in electricity supply and demand adjustments.

[0023] In a preferred embodiment of the power supply and demand management device disclosed herein, a predetermined threshold for electricity sales is stored in the aforementioned electricity sales management unit. The electricity sales calculated in the electricity sales management unit is compared with the threshold for electricity sales; if the calculated electricity sales exceed the threshold for electricity sales, the calculated electricity sales are reduced to the threshold.

[0024] Based on the above structure, excessive power is prevented from being sold from the batteries. This eliminates user concerns about rapid battery degradation and encourages user participation in power supply and demand adjustments.

[0025] In a preferred embodiment of the power supply and demand management device disclosed herein, the aforementioned electricity sales information management department obtains, in addition to obtaining the aforementioned electricity sales permit, the electricity sales conditions set by the user of the aforementioned electric vehicle. Alternatively, the aforementioned electricity sales management department may be configured to determine whether the aforementioned electricity sales conditions are met, and if the aforementioned electricity sales conditions are met, send the calculated electricity sales volume to the aforementioned power supply and receiving management department.

[0026] Based on the above structure, electricity sales are processed according to the conditions set by the user. This eliminates concerns about implementing electricity sales processes that are not intended by the user, and encourages user participation in electricity supply and demand adjustments. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1 This is a diagram schematically illustrating an example of an electricity supply and demand management device according to one implementation method.

[0028] Figure 2 This is a diagram that roughly illustrates a method for adjusting power supply and demand in one embodiment.

[0029] Figure 3 This is a flowchart illustrating a method for adjusting power supply and demand according to one embodiment.

[0030] Figure 4This is a graph showing the relationship between charging state a and charging state correction factor b according to one embodiment.

[0031] Figure 5 This is a graph showing the relationship between battery health c and battery health correction coefficient d in one embodiment.

[0032] Figure 6 This is a diagram schematically illustrating an example of the structure of an electricity supply and demand management device according to one embodiment.

[0033] (Symbol Explanation)

[0034] 10, 12, 14: Storage batteries; 20, 22, 24: Users; 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37: Power lines; 40, 41, 42, 43, 44: Communication networks; 50, 52, 54: Electric vehicles; 100: Power supply and demand management device; 110: Input / output unit; 120: Power transmission and reception unit; 130: Control unit; 131: Power sales information management unit; 132: Battery information acquisition unit; 133: Power demand information acquisition unit; 134: Power sales management unit; 135: Power transmission and reception management unit; 136: Incentive management unit; 200: Power transmission system; 210, 212: Power plants; 220, 222: Power consumption facilities; 300: Communication network. Detailed Implementation

[0035] Hereinafter, with reference to the accompanying drawings, one embodiment of the power supply and demand adjustment method disclosed herein will be described. Furthermore, matters not mentioned in this specification and necessary for the implementation of the invention can be grasped by those skilled in the art based on prior art. Of course, the embodiments described herein are not specifically intended to limit the invention. Unless otherwise specifically stated, the invention is not limited to the embodiments described herein.

[0036] First, refer to Figure 1This section describes an example of the power supply and demand management device 100 disclosed herein. The power supply and demand management device 100 is designed to contribute to the stabilization of the power supply and demand balance of the power transmission system 200, and appropriately manages the power supply or receiving (hereinafter also referred to as power supply and receiving) between the batteries 10, 12, and 14 mounted on electric vehicles 50, 52, and 54 and the power transmission system 200. The power supply and demand management device 100 provides rewards (money, points, etc.) corresponding to the amount of power supplied to users 20, 22, and 24 of the electric vehicles who participate in power supply and demand adjustments. Users 20, 22, and 24 of the electric vehicles receive rewards corresponding to the amount of power supplied by participating in power supply and demand adjustments, thus gaining the advantage of participating in power supply and demand adjustments. This power supply and demand management device 100 is managed by a system administrator, also referred to as an integrator. In order to respond to the demands of the power transmission system 200, the integrator, as described above, procures power from electric vehicles and the like and supplies it to the power transmission system 200. Therefore, in order to ensure the necessary power supply, system administrators provide methods to facilitate the sale of electricity and manage power by promoting participation in power supply and demand adjustments.

[0037] Furthermore, the term "reward" in this manual is not specifically limited as long as it can be adjusted for each user. Rewards can be either money or points that can be exchanged for goods.

[0038] In this specification, "electric vehicle" refers to a type of conveying machine, which can be either a four-wheeled or two-wheeled vehicle. An electric vehicle can be either a battery-powered electric vehicle (BEV) that uses a battery as its drive source, or a hybrid electric vehicle (HEV) that uses both a battery and an internal combustion engine as its drive source. Furthermore, "hybrid electric vehicle" in this specification includes a plug-in hybrid electric vehicle (PHEV) equipped with a charging device for the battery from a stationary power source. Additionally, electric vehicles 50, 52, and 54 may be equipped with a communication device capable of bidirectional communication with the communication network 300, and an electrical system control device (ECU: Electronic Control Unit) capable of measuring the charging status or battery health of batteries 10, 12, and 14.

[0039] Additionally, "storage battery" refers to a device that stores electrical energy. Storage batteries can provide stored electricity to electric vehicles. Furthermore, by being electrically connected to the power supply and demand management device 100, the storage battery can supply stored electricity to the power transmission system 200. Storage batteries may include, for example, secondary batteries such as lithium-ion or nickel-metal hydride batteries, double-layer capacitors, and other energy storage devices.

[0040] Additionally, "user" can be the owner of the electric vehicle. However, "user" here is not limited to the person who owns the electric vehicle; it can be any person who can use the electric vehicle, such as the user's family members. Furthermore, in Figure 1 The example lists three batteries, three electric vehicles, and three users, but this is a simplified example and is not intended to limit the number of batteries, electric vehicles, and users.

[0041] like Figure 1 As shown, the power supply and demand management device 100 is connected to the power transmission system 200 via wire 30. The power supply and demand management device 100 and the electric vehicles 50, 52, and 54 are appropriately connected via wires 31, 32, and 33, thereby being connected to the batteries 10, 12, and 14 installed in the electric vehicles 50, 52, and 54 to supply power.

[0042] The power transmission system 200 is connected to the power plants 210 and 212 via wires 34 and 35. There are no particular limitations on whether the power plants 210 and 212 are facilities equipped with power generation equipment capable of supplying power to the power transmission system 200. For example, they can be facilities equipped with conventionally known power generation equipment such as thermal, wind, hydro, nuclear, or solar power.

[0043] The power transmission system 200 is connected to the power consumption facilities 220 and 222 via wires 36 and 37 in a manner that enables the supply of power. The power consumption facilities 220 and 222 are any facilities that consume power supplied from the power transmission system 200, and are not particularly limited in this regard. For example, they could be residential buildings, commercial facilities, factories, schools, etc. Thus, the power transmission system 200 is able to supply power from the power plants 210 and 212 to the power consumption facilities 220 and 222.

[0044] The communication network 300 can be either wired or wireless. For example, the communication network 300 may include the Internet, mobile phone lines, local area networks (LANs), etc. The power supply and demand management device 100 communicates bidirectionally with the power transmission system 200 and the communication terminals (not shown) owned by users 20, 22, and 24 via the communication network 300, through communication networks 40, 41, 42, 43, and 44. Furthermore, the communication terminal can be any terminal that enables bidirectional communication between the power supply and demand management device 100, the power transmission system 200, and users 20, 22, and 24 via the communication network 300. For example, it can be a mobile phone, smartphone, tablet, laptop computer, wearable terminal used by the user, or a vehicle navigation system installed in electric vehicles 50, 52, and 54. These user communication terminals have screens capable of displaying information, touch panels, keyboards or mice for user input, and terminal control devices.

[0045] Figure 1The structure shown is used for processing the power supply and demand adjustment of the power transmission system 200 via the power supply and demand management device 100 and the batteries 10, 12, and 14 mounted on electric vehicles 50, 52, and 54. (Refer to...) Figure 2 This section provides a summary of the aforementioned methods for adjusting electricity supply and demand.

[0046] The power supply and demand management device 100 obtains a power sales permit for a battery from a user who intends to participate in the power sales process (S1). Having obtained the power sales permit, the power supply and demand management device 100 acquires battery information of the battery for which the power sales permit has been obtained, and power demand information from the power transmission system 200 (S2). The battery information includes at least the charging state and battery health of the battery for which the power sales permit has been obtained. The power supply and demand management device 100 calculates the amount of electricity to be sold based on the acquired charging state, battery health, and power demand information. Then, the power based on the amount of electricity sold is supplied from the battery to the power transmission system 200 (S3). The power supply and demand management device 100 assigns a reward corresponding to the amount of electricity sold (S4). Through this process, the power supply and demand adjustment (power sales process) between the power transmission system 200 via the power supply and demand management device 100 and the batteries 10, 12, and 14 installed in electric vehicles 50, 52, and 54 is achieved.

[0047] The power supply and demand adjustment using the power supply and demand management device 100 disclosed herein is characterized by obtaining the power sales permit for each battery (S1), acquiring the information required for implementing power sales processing from each battery or power transmission system 200 (S2), calculating the appropriate power sales volume based on the battery's state (charge state and battery health) and power demand information, and automatically supplying power from the battery to the power transmission system 200 based on this power sales volume (S3). This power supply and demand adjustment method eliminates the hassle of monitoring power sales-related information such as rewards and determining whether to participate in power supply and demand adjustment. Furthermore, since the appropriate power sales volume corresponding to the state of each battery is sold, concerns such as excessive deterioration of battery state due to participation in power supply and demand adjustment are eliminated. Therefore, user participation in power supply and demand adjustment can be encouraged.

[0048] Next, we will explain in more detail... Figure 2 The method described in the text. Figure 3 This is a flowchart illustrating the electricity supply and demand adjustment method disclosed herein. The electricity supply and demand adjustment method disclosed herein aims to achieve electricity sales processing corresponding to battery information and electricity demand information. Figure 2 The steps S1 to S4 specifically include the following steps.

[0049] First of all, Figure 2In step S1, the following step S10 is performed. In step S10, the power supply and demand management device 100 obtains a power sales permit for the battery from a user who intends to participate in the power sales process. The power sales permit can be sent via the communication network 300 from the communication terminal of a user not shown in the figure, or it can be directly input to the input / output unit 110 of the power supply and demand management device 100 (described later). Furthermore, the timing of the power supply and demand management device 100 obtaining the power sales permit is not limited. It can obtain the power sales permit at each time when each electric vehicle is electrically connected to the power supply and demand management device 100, or it can obtain and store the power sales permit for the battery in advance through a prior contract or the like.

[0050] In step S10, in addition to obtaining a power sales permit for the battery, power sales conditions may also be obtained. Here, power sales conditions refer to the conditions under which power sales processing is carried out on a battery for which a power sales permit has been obtained, which can be arbitrarily set by the user. Examples of power sales conditions include, for instance, the power sales volume arbitrarily set by the user (hereinafter also referred to as "set power sales volume"), the reward rate desired by the user, and the time period during which power can be sold from the battery.

[0051] Furthermore, in this specification, "reward allocation rate" refers to the coefficient used in calculating the rewards to be awarded. The higher the reward allocation rate, the more money, points, and other rewards are returned to the user. The reward allocation rate may be included in electricity demand information.

[0052] exist Figure 2 In step S2, the following steps S20 to S22 are performed. Furthermore, steps S20 and S21 can be performed simultaneously, even if the order is different.

[0053] In step S20, battery information of the battery for which (presumably) a power sales permit has been obtained is acquired. Here, the battery information includes at least the battery's State of Charge (SOC) and battery health. In this specification, "SOC" means the ratio of the battery's remaining charge to its full charge capacity. "Battery health" refers to a value indicating the degree of battery deterioration. The battery health X can be, for example, a value calculated based on at least one of the battery's resistance rise rate, capacity retention rate, temperature, years of use, and number of charge / discharge cycles, or a value calculated based on multiple pieces of information related to the battery's state. More preferably, the battery health can be a value based on at least one of the battery's resistance rise rate, capacity retention rate, and temperature.

[0054] There are no particular limitations on the method for obtaining (estimated) battery health. As an example, the internal resistance can be estimated by dividing the voltage change during charging and discharging by the change in current value based on data detected by voltage and current sensors. The (estimated) battery health can then be obtained by calculating the rate of resistance increase by subtracting the initial internal resistance from this estimated internal resistance. Furthermore, the initial internal resistance value of the battery can be a value measured in the initial state of a battery that has obtained the aforementioned sales permit, or it can be obtained from a manufacturing source that manufactures the same type of battery, referring to the type of battery that has obtained the aforementioned sales permit.

[0055] There are no particular limitations on the method for obtaining the (estimated) state of charge (SOC) of a battery. As an example, an estimate of the (estimated) SOC can also be obtained by comparing the battery voltage measured by a voltage sensor with the SOC-OCV curve. Furthermore, OCV (Open Circuit Voltage) refers to the voltage of a secondary battery when it is not energized; it is also known as the open circuit voltage.

[0056] The battery information (state of charge and battery health) can be obtained (presumably) in the power supply and demand management device 100 as described above, or it can be obtained from the control device (e.g., ECU) of the vehicle's electrical system.

[0057] In step S21, electricity demand information is obtained from the power transmission system 200. This electricity demand information includes at least the electricity demand (kWh). In addition to the electricity demand, the electricity demand information may also include the reward allocation rate. This electricity demand information can be obtained from the input / output unit 110 of the power supply and demand management device 100 (described later) via the communication network 300.

[0058] In step S22, the standard electricity sales volume (kWh) is calculated based on the obtained electricity sales permits and electricity demand information. Here, the standard electricity sales volume (kWh) refers to the value calculated by dividing the electricity demand (kWh) obtained from the power transmission system 200 by the number of batteries for which electricity sales permits have been obtained. In other words, the standard electricity sales volume is the electrical power consistently supplied to the power transmission system 200 from each battery for which an electricity sales permit has been obtained, without any adjustments based on the battery information of each battery.

[0059] exist Figure 2 In step S3, the following steps S30 to S32 and S37 are performed. Steps S30 to S32 are steps of calculating the amount of electricity sold based on the battery information and power demand information of the storage battery. Step S37 is a step of transmitting the electricity based on the amount of electricity sold from the storage battery to the power transmission system 200.

[0060] In step S30, the state of charge and battery health of the battery for which a power sales permit has been obtained are compared with a predetermined threshold. Here, the corresponding threshold (threshold a for the state of charge) is explained. t And the threshold c for battery health. t As described above, in the power supply and demand management device 100 disclosed herein, a suitable amount of electricity can be sold based on battery information (state of charge and battery health). For example, even if the battery health is very good, but the state of charge is extremely low, implementing electricity sales processing would further lower the state of charge, and the battery might not be able to function as a power source. Therefore, a corresponding threshold (threshold a regarding the state of charge) is predetermined as the minimum value at which electricity sales processing can be determined. t And the threshold c for battery health. t If at least one of the battery's health or its state of charge falls below a certain threshold, the electricity sales process will be suspended. That is, the threshold 'a' for the state of charge... t And the threshold c for battery health. t The criteria for determining whether a battery that has obtained a power sales permit can be sold as electricity are established. Based on this structure, concerns are eliminated such as electric vehicles that rely on batteries as a power source becoming unusable due to the implementation of power sales processing.

[0061] In addition, regarding the threshold a of the state of charge t And the threshold c for battery health. t The specific values ​​vary depending on the type and purpose of the battery, so there is no single rule. For example, the remaining charge level for the electric vehicle to run and the capacity retention rate of each battery to the extent that it needs to be replaced can be used as references to set any value.

[0062] If at least one of the battery's state of charge and battery health is below the aforementioned threshold (S30: "No"), proceed to step S32. For example, if the battery's state of charge is below the threshold a for the state of charge. t In this situation, the battery has very little remaining charge, so the supply of power from the battery should be stopped. Therefore, if... Figure 4 The charging state correction factor b is set to 0. Additionally, when the battery health is below the threshold c for battery health... t In situations where the battery's resistance rises very high, its health is poor, and power supply from the battery should be stopped. Therefore, if... Figure 5The battery health correction factor d is set to 0. Thus, if at least one of the battery's state of charge or battery health is below a corresponding threshold, the battery's electricity sales are calculated as 0 (kWh). This effectively stops the supply of electricity from the battery, ending the electricity sales process.

[0063] If the battery's charging status and battery health both exceed the corresponding thresholds (S30: "Yes"), proceed to step S31.

[0064] In step S31, the electricity sales volume is calculated based on the battery information (state of charge and battery health) of the battery that has obtained the electricity sales permit. The electricity sales volume is not particularly limited; for example, it can be a value calculated based on the product of the standard electricity sales volume (kWh), the state of charge correction factor b, and the battery health correction factor d.

[0065] In step S31, to calculate the electricity sales volume, the state of charge and battery health of the battery for which the electricity sales permit has been obtained are compared with predetermined corresponding benchmark values. Here, the corresponding benchmark value (benchmark value a for the state of charge) is... std And the benchmark value c for battery health. std This is a value set to exceed the corresponding threshold mentioned above. It serves as a criterion for adding or subtracting from the standard sales volume when calculating the sales volume of a battery in a state where electricity sales processing exceeding this threshold can be implemented. Regarding the reference value a for the charging state... std And the benchmark value c for battery health. std The specific values ​​vary depending on the type and purpose of the battery. For example, the remaining charge of the battery equivalent to 75% of the range when the electric vehicle is fully charged, and the capacity retention rate of each battery at half the lifespan can be used as references to set any value.

[0066] When the battery's state of charge 'a' exceeds the threshold 'a' for the state of charge... t In the case of charging state correction factor b, such as Figure 4 As shown, the minimum value b can be taken. min up to the maximum value b max The value. Here, the battery's state of charge 'a' exceeds the reference value 'a'. std In this case, the battery has a particularly high remaining charge, so electricity is sold beyond the standard selling limit. Therefore, if... Figure 4 As shown, the state of charge correction factor b exceeds the reference value b. std The value. On the other hand, when the battery's state of charge 'a' is lower than the reference value 'a'. std In this situation, the battery is in a sellable state, but based on the viewpoint of the battery's remaining charge, aggressive power sales can be discouraged. Therefore, if Figure 4 As shown, the state of charge correction factor b becomes less than the reference value b. std The value of . Furthermore, the baseline value b here. std It is 1 (i.e., equivalent to the standard electricity sales volume).

[0067] Additionally, when the battery health level c exceeds the threshold c for battery health... t In this case, the battery health correction factor d is as follows: Figure 5 As shown, the minimum value d can be taken. min up to the maximum value d max The value of . Here, the battery health c exceeds the benchmark value c. std In this case, the battery is in exceptionally good condition, therefore it is eligible for electricity sales exceeding the standard capacity. Therefore, if... Figure 5 As shown, the battery health correction factor d exceeds the baseline value d. std The value. On the other hand, when the battery health level c is lower than the baseline value c. std In this situation, the battery is in a sellable state, but according to the viewpoint of suppressing rapid degradation, active power sales can be discouraged. Therefore, as... Figure 5 As shown, the battery health correction coefficient d becomes less than the baseline value d. std The value of . Furthermore, the baseline value d here. std It is 1 (i.e., equivalent to the standard electricity sales volume).

[0068] Specifically, the charging state correction factor b can be calculated using the following formula (1).

[0069]

Mathematical Formula 1

[0070]

[0071] In addition, the battery health correction coefficient d, like the charging state correction coefficient b mentioned above, can be specifically calculated by the following formula (2).

[0072]

Mathematical Formula 2

[0073]

[0074] In step S31, as described above, a state-of-charge correction factor b and a battery health correction factor d are calculated based on the battery's state of charge and battery health. The electricity sales volume is then calculated based on these correction factors and the standard sales volume. Specifically, if the battery's overall condition is deemed particularly good, the electricity sales volume is calculated exceeding the standard sales volume; conversely, if the battery's overall condition is deemed slightly unfavorable, the electricity sales volume is calculated below the standard sales volume. Therefore, compared to uniformly recovering power without considering the condition of each battery, this method implements electricity sales processing that prevents excessive deterioration of the battery's condition. This specifically alleviates concerns for users who use the battery as a drive source for electric vehicles, thus encouraging participation in electricity supply and demand adjustment.

[0075] After calculating the electricity sales volume in step S31, the process proceeds to step S37. In step S37, the power supply and demand management device 100 supplies power from the storage battery to the power transmission system 200 based on the electricity sales volume. As described above, the storage battery, which is the subject of the electricity sales process here, obtains a power sales permit. Therefore, the power supply and demand management device 100 disclosed herein automatically receives the calculated power from the storage battery based on the aforementioned power sales permit. Furthermore, the power supply and demand management device 100 supplies the aforementioned power to the power transmission system 200.

[0076] exist Figure 2 In step S3, steps S33 to S36 can also be implemented as additional steps. Alternatively, only steps S33 to S35 can be implemented as additional steps, and only step S36 can be implemented as an additional step. Or, all steps S33 to S36 can be implemented as additional steps.

[0077] In step S33, the electricity sales volume calculated in step S31 is compared with a predetermined threshold for electricity sales volume. Here, the threshold for electricity sales volume is a benchmark for determining whether the electricity sales volume calculated above is within a suitable range. For example, the standard electricity sales volume is the value obtained by dividing the electricity demand from the power transmission system 200 by the number of batteries with electricity sales permits, as described above. Therefore, if the number of batteries with electricity sales permits is too small, the standard electricity sales volume may be calculated as too large. Thus, when calculating the electricity sales volume based on this standard electricity sales volume and various correction coefficients, an excessively large electricity sales volume may be calculated. It is inappropriate to burden the batteries with such an excessively large electricity sales volume, so a threshold for electricity sales volume can be set as the maximum value of the electricity that can be sold from the batteries.

[0078] Furthermore, the threshold for electricity sales can be either a value set in the power supply and demand management device 100 or a set electricity sales volume that the user sets as the condition for electricity sales. By using the set electricity sales volume as the threshold for electricity sales, it prevents the delivery of amounts of electricity from the battery that are not intended by the user.

[0079] If the calculated electricity sales volume is lower than the threshold for electricity sales volume (S35: "Yes"), the calculated electricity sales volume is considered to be within a suitable range, and the process proceeds to step S35 to determine the electricity sales volume.

[0080] On the other hand, if the calculated electricity sales exceed a threshold related to electricity sales (S33: "No"), proceed to step S34. In step S34, the calculated electricity sales are reduced to at least the threshold related to electricity sales. Furthermore, it is sufficient to configure the electricity sales to be reduced to at least the threshold related to electricity sales. For example, it is also possible to configure the electricity sales to be reduced to a value smaller than the threshold related to electricity sales (e.g., a value to the extent of 70% to 99% of the threshold related to electricity sales).

[0081] In step S36, it is determined whether the user-set electricity sales conditions that were available in step S10 are met. If the user-set electricity sales conditions are met (S36: "Yes"), proceed to step S37.

[0082] If the electricity sales conditions set by the user are not met (S36: "No"), the electricity sales process ends. That is, even if an electricity sales permit is obtained, the electricity sales process is suspended if the electricity sales conditions set by the user are not met. This prevents the implementation of electricity sales processes with conditions not intended by the user.

[0083] exist Figure 2 In step S4, the following step S40 is performed. In step S40, a reward based on the amount of electricity sold is granted to the user of the battery. The reward may be calculated based on the amount of electricity sold and the reward granting rate. Furthermore, the method of granting the reward is not particularly limited; for example, it may be configured to grant points to the user's communication terminal via the communication network 300.

[0084] According to the power supply and demand adjustment method described above, a suitable amount of electricity can be calculated based on battery information (charge status and battery health) of the batteries that have obtained electricity sales permits and power demand information from the power transmission system 200. Furthermore, by setting a threshold for electricity sales to prevent excessive sales, electricity sales processes that could cause a rapid deterioration in the battery's condition are prevented. Moreover, by determining whether the electricity sales conditions set by the user are met, electricity sales processes not intended by the user are prevented. This power supply and demand adjustment method eliminates user concerns, thus encouraging participation in power supply and demand adjustment.

[0085] Next, we will explain the methods used to implement... Figure 2 as well as Figure 3 This is an example of the specific structure of the power supply and demand management device 100 described herein. Figure 6 This is a diagram illustrating the general structure of the power supply and demand management device 100. (For example...) Figure 6 The power supply and demand management device 100 shown includes: an input / output unit 110, which can obtain and provide predetermined information to the outside; a power supply and receiving unit 120, which electrically connects each electric vehicle and the power transmission system 200; and a control unit 130, which controls the power supply processing to realize the adjustment of power supply and demand between the power transmission system 200 and the batteries installed in each electric vehicle.

[0086] The input / output unit 110 is a general term for machines configured to acquire and provide predetermined information to external systems. The input / output unit 110 may be configured to perform bidirectional communication via the communication network 300, but is not particularly limited. For example, it may be configured to connect to the communication network 300 (see reference 110) via communication services provided by a mobile communication provider. Figure 1 Alternatively, the input / output unit 110 may be configured as a display screen such as a monitor (not shown) and an input unit using a touch panel, etc.

[0087] The power transmission and receiving unit 120 is a general term for the machine that electrically connects the electric vehicles 50, 52, and 54 to the power transmission system 200. The power transmission and receiving unit 120, for example, allows the electric vehicles 50, 52, and 54 to be connected via wires 31, 32, and 33 (see reference). Figure 1 The power supply and receiving unit 120 is configured to receive power from the battery installed in each electric vehicle and supply power to the power transmission system 200 according to the signal from the control unit 130. Alternatively, the power supply and receiving unit 120 may also have a built-in battery capable of storing electricity.

[0088] The control unit 130 is configured to control power supply processing to adjust the power supply and demand between the power transmission system 200 and the batteries installed in each electric vehicle. The control unit 130 is a general term for machines that perform information processing in the power supply and demand management device 100. The control unit 130 may also be composed of a computing unit stored inside the power supply and demand management device 100. This computing unit may be, for example, a microcomputer. The hardware structure of the microcomputer is not limited to this; for example, it may include a ROM (Read Only Memory) storing a program for control, a central processing unit (CPU) capable of implementing the program, RAM (Random Access Memory) serving as the working area for executing the program, a storage device composed of memory storing the program or various data, and input / output ports. Output signals from the input / output unit 110 are input to the control unit 130 via the input ports. Furthermore, the control unit 130 is configured to obtain predetermined information based on the output signals from the input / output unit 110.

[0089] Furthermore, the control unit 130 may not be a computing device physically stored inside the power supply and demand management device 100. For example, when the power supply and demand management device 100 is connected to an external computer via a LAN cable, the Internet, or the like, the external computer can also function as the control unit 130 of the power supply and demand management device 100 to control power supply and demand. Additionally, the processing of the control unit 130 can be performed collaboratively by multiple computers. For example, the computing device within the power supply and demand management device 100 can process information stored on a server or similar network to control power supply and demand. Alternatively, the computing device within the power supply and demand management device 100 and an external computer can collaborate to perform the processing to be performed by the control unit 130. Furthermore, the "external computer" mentioned here can also be a control device installed in the battery being used. For example, when the battery is mounted in a vehicle, the control device of the vehicle's electrical system (e.g., ECU) can be used as part of the control unit 130. The vehicle's ECU can function as the battery information acquisition unit 132, described later.

[0090] The power supply and demand management device 100 disclosed here includes a power sales information management unit 131, a battery information acquisition unit 132, a power demand information acquisition unit 133, a power sales management unit 134, a power transmission and reception management unit 135, and a reward management unit 136. Furthermore, in Figure 6 In the structure shown, these are included as part of the function of the control unit 130.

[0091] The electricity sales information management unit 131 is configured to manage electricity sales information obtained from external sources. The electricity sales information management unit 131 acquires and stores information necessary for managing the electricity sales process of batteries. This information may include, for example, electricity sales permits, set sales volume, desired reward rate, the battery being sold, the type of battery, personal information such as the user's name or address, and the user's current location information. This electricity sales information can be input by the user through the input unit of the input / output unit 110, or transmitted from the user's communication terminal via the communication network 300. The electricity sales information management unit 131 may also be configured to assign a battery ID (identifier) ​​to each battery that has obtained an electricity sales permit and create a list of batteries available for sale.

[0092] The battery information acquisition unit 132 is configured to acquire (presumably) the battery information of the storage battery for which the aforementioned electricity sales permit has been obtained. In the battery information acquisition unit 132, as the battery information of the storage battery, at least the state of charge (SOC) and battery health of the storage battery are acquired.

[0093] Battery health can also be calculated, for example, based on the rate of increase in resistance. As an example, a method for obtaining the internal resistance of a battery is illustrated by dividing the change in voltage during charging and discharging by the change in current value, based on various data detected by voltage and current sensors. (This method approximates the current change parameter and the parameters based on the voltage and impedance changes using a straight line, and calculates the slope of the approximate line as the battery impedance.) By subtracting the initial internal resistance of the battery from the obtained internal resistance, the rate of increase in resistance can be calculated.

[0094] The battery information can be obtained (estimated) by the battery information acquisition unit 132, or it can be obtained (estimated) from the control device (such as ECU) of the electrical system of each electric vehicle. For example, the battery information acquisition unit 132 associates the battery information (state of charge and battery health) of each battery with the battery ID and saves it to the above-mentioned list of available electricity processing.

[0095] The power demand information acquisition unit 133 is configured to acquire power demand information from the power transmission system 200. Power demand information may include, for example, the amount of power required (kWh) or the incentive rate, the time period for which power should be supplied, and the location information of the power transmission system 200. This power demand information can be obtained from the input / output unit 110.

[0096] The electricity sales management unit 134 is configured to calculate the electricity sales volume (kWh) based on the battery information and power demand information of the storage batteries obtained above. The information required for calculating the electricity sales volume includes the number of storage batteries for which electricity sales permits have been obtained, the battery health status, the battery state of charge (SOC), and the power demand. The specific method for calculating the electricity sales volume is as described above.

[0097] The power transmission and receiving management unit 135 is configured to manage the power transmission and receiving of each battery and the power transmission system 200. The power transmission and receiving management unit 135 is input with information required for managing the amount of power transmitted and received, such as the power demand from the power transmission system 200 and the calculated power sales volume. Then, the power transmission and receiving management unit 135 outputs information to the power transmission and receiving unit 120 in a manner that power based on the calculated power sales volume is transmitted from the batteries to the power transmission system 200. The power transmission and receiving unit 120 receives electrical power from the batteries based on this information and transmits power to the power transmission system 200.

[0098] The reward management unit 136 is configured to calculate rewards for each battery user based on electricity sales. Information used for reward calculation includes, for example, electricity sales and reward allocation rates. The reward management unit 136 calculates the reward based on this information and sends the reward-related information to the input / output unit 110. Furthermore, the input / output unit 110 assigns the reward to the user via a communication network 300 or similar means.

[0099] According to the above-described power supply and demand management device 100, it is possible to achieve... Figure 2 as well as Figure 3 The power supply and demand processing described herein. Furthermore, the above structure illustrates an example of a specific structure of the power supply and demand management device 100 disclosed herein, and the technology disclosed herein is not limited to the above structure. The input / output unit 110 and the power transmission / receiving unit 120 may, for example, be composed of units having alternative functions.

[0100] According to the above-described power supply and demand management device 100, based on the battery's power sales permit, it obtains battery information (charging status and battery health) and power demand information, and calculates a suitable amount of electricity to be sold based on this information. Furthermore, it automatically supplies power from batteries 10, 12, and 14 to the power transmission system 200 based on the calculated amount of electricity sold. With this power supply and demand management device 100, the hassle of battery users monitoring power sales-related information and deciding whether to participate in power supply and demand adjustments is eliminated. In addition, by implementing appropriate power sales processing corresponding to the status of each battery, concerns about excessive battery deterioration caused by power sales processing are eliminated. Therefore, user participation in power supply and demand adjustments can be encouraged.

[0101] The above description details specific examples of the present invention, but these are merely illustrative and do not limit the scope of the claims. The technology described in the claims includes various modifications and variations of the specific examples illustrated above.

Claims

1. A method for adjusting power supply and demand, wherein, Includes the following steps: The steps to obtain a permit to sell the electricity stored in the battery; The steps of obtaining the electricity sales permit, including battery information of the battery for which the electricity sales permit was obtained, and power demand information from the power transmission system, wherein the battery information of the battery includes at least the charging status and battery health of the battery for which the electricity sales permit was obtained. The steps for calculating the electricity sold from the battery to the power transmission system based on the obtained battery information and power demand information of the storage battery; The step of automatically receiving electricity from the battery based on the calculated amount of electricity sold, according to the obtained electricity sales permit; The step of transmitting the received power from the battery to the power transmission system; as well as The step of calculating the reward to be given to the user of the electric vehicle based on the electricity sold. In the step of calculating the electricity sales volume, when comparing the state of charge and battery health of the batteries that have obtained the electricity sales permit with a predetermined corresponding threshold, If at least one of the battery's state of charge and battery health is below the threshold, the electricity sold is calculated to be 0.

2. The power supply and demand adjustment method according to claim 1, wherein, Following the step of calculating the electricity sales volume, the method further includes a step of comparing the calculated electricity sales volume with a predetermined threshold for the electricity sales volume. If the calculated electricity sales volume exceeds a threshold related to the electricity sales volume, the calculated electricity sales volume will be reduced to at least that threshold.

3. The power supply and demand adjustment method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein, In the step of obtaining the electricity sales permit, in addition to the electricity sales permit itself, the electricity sales conditions set by the user of the electric vehicle are also obtained. After calculating the electricity sales volume, the process includes a step of determining whether the electricity sales conditions are met. Here, if the electricity sales conditions are met, electricity based on the calculated electricity sales volume will be supplied to the power transmission system.

4. A power supply / demand management device that manages power supply / demand between a power transmission system and a storage battery mounted on an electric vehicle, wherein have: The electricity sales information management department obtains a permit to sell the electricity stored in the battery. The battery information acquisition unit obtained the battery information of the storage battery for which the electricity sales permit was issued; The power demand information acquisition unit acquires power demand information from the power transmission system; The electricity sales management department calculates the electricity sales from the storage battery to the power transmission system based on the battery information obtained by the battery information acquisition department and the power demand information obtained by the power demand information acquisition department. The power supply and receiving management unit automatically receives power from the battery based on the amount of electricity sold and supplies that power to the power transmission system; and The rewards management department calculates the rewards to be awarded to users of the electric vehicles based on the electricity sales volume. Here, the battery information of the storage battery includes at least the charging status and battery health of the storage battery that has obtained the electricity sales permit. The electricity sales management unit stores pre-determined thresholds for battery health and charging status. The battery health and charging status of the battery obtained by the battery information acquisition unit are compared with the corresponding threshold. If at least one of the battery health status and the state of charging of the battery is lower than the threshold, the electricity sold is calculated to be 0.

5. The power supply and demand management device according to claim 4, wherein, The electricity sales management department stores predetermined thresholds for electricity sales. Compare the electricity sales volume calculated in the electricity sales management department with the threshold value related to the electricity sales volume. If the calculated electricity sales volume exceeds a threshold related to the electricity sales volume, the calculated electricity sales volume is reduced to that threshold.

6. The power supply and demand management device according to claim 4 or 5, wherein, In addition to obtaining the electricity sales permit, the electricity sales information management department also obtains the electricity sales conditions set by the users of the electric vehicles. The electricity sales management department is configured to determine whether the electricity sales conditions are met, and if the electricity sales conditions are met, send the calculated electricity sales volume to the power supply and receiving management department.

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