Shared energy storage scheduling method and system based on energy frequency modulation and load demand

Abstract

The application provides a shared energy storage scheduling method and system based on energy frequency modulation and load demand, the method comprising: establishing a target function of a shared energy storage system participating in collaborative scheduling of energy frequency modulation and load demand; inputting relevant parameters of a power grid side, a user side and the shared energy storage system into the target function; solving the target function according to a target function constraint condition and a switching cost of a load importance degree, combining a mixed integer linear programming algorithm to obtain a shared energy storage configuration scheme; configuring the shared energy storage system according to the shared energy storage configuration scheme, and controlling the shared energy storage system to participate in energy collaborative scheduling of the power grid side and the user side according to a hierarchical control strategy of the shared energy storage system. The application simultaneously makes the shared energy storage system participate in collaborative optimization scheduling of the power grid side and the user side, improves the service life of the shared energy storage system through the hierarchical control strategy, embodies the application value of the shared energy storage system and improves the utilization efficiency of the shared energy storage system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of energy storage technology, and in particular to a shared energy storage scheduling method and system based on energy frequency regulation and load demand. Background Technology

[0002] The installed capacity of high-proportion renewable energy continues to rise. However, renewable energy is characterized by randomness, volatility, and intermittency, posing significant challenges to power system frequency stability and efficient energy utilization. Meanwhile, battery energy storage systems are developing on a large scale, but most of these systems remain idle for extended periods, resulting in low utilization efficiency and poor economic performance.

[0003] To improve the utilization efficiency of battery energy storage systems, shared energy storage systems have been proposed. The participation of shared energy storage systems in grid-side frequency regulation and user-side energy optimization scheduling has become a research hotspot both domestically and internationally. However, most studies have not explored the collaborative optimization of shared energy storage systems on both the grid and user sides, resulting in the overall system failing to fully utilize existing renewable energy resources. Furthermore, collaborative optimization scheduling between the grid and user sides leads to frequent switching of the charging and discharging states of the shared energy storage system, causing a rapid decline in its rated capacity and potentially leading to unpredictable safety issues.

[0004] Therefore, exploring the collaborative optimization of shared energy storage systems in multiple scenarios (grid side and user side) is key to improving the application value and efficiency of shared energy storage systems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the above problems, embodiments of the present invention provide a shared energy storage scheduling method and system based on energy frequency regulation and load demand, so as to overcome the above problems or at least partially solve the above problems.

[0006] A first aspect of this invention discloses a shared energy storage scheduling method based on energy frequency regulation and load demand, the method comprising:

[0007] Establish an objective function for the collaborative scheduling of shared energy storage systems to participate in energy frequency regulation and load demand;

[0008] The relevant parameters of the grid side, user side, and shared energy storage system are input into the objective function;

[0009] Based on the objective function constraints and the switching costs of load importance, the objective function is solved using a mixed-integer linear programming algorithm to obtain a shared energy storage configuration scheme based on energy frequency regulation and load demand.

[0010] The shared energy storage system is configured according to the aforementioned shared energy storage configuration scheme, and the shared energy storage system is controlled to participate in the coordinated energy dispatching between the grid side and the user side according to the hierarchical control strategy of the shared energy storage system.

[0011] Optionally, the objective function for establishing the shared energy storage system to participate in the coordinated scheduling of energy frequency regulation and load demand includes:

[0012] Determine the intraday revenue objective function for the shared energy storage system to participate in energy frequency regulation and load demand coordinated energy scheduling, wherein the intraday revenue objective function aims to maximize the intraday revenue of the shared energy storage system.

[0013] Determine the intraday cost function for user-side leasing of shared energy storage and purchasing electricity from the grid side, wherein the intraday cost function aims to minimize the user's intraday cost.

[0014] Optionally, the intraday revenue objective function of the shared energy storage system participating in energy frequency regulation and load demand coordinated energy scheduling is expressed as:

[0015]

[0016] Among them, S efl To generate daily revenue for shared energy storage systems participating in grid energy frequency regulation and user-side energy optimization scheduling, The load shedding cost for user i during time period t. and These represent the charging and discharging power of the shared energy storage system participating in grid-side energy arbitrage during time period t. and These represent the upper and lower reserve power of the shared energy storage system participating in grid frequency regulation during time period t. and These represent the charging and discharging power of the shared energy storage system participating in the energy optimization scheduling of user i during time period t, respectively. efl T represents the total number of intraday scheduling periods during which the shared energy storage system participates in grid-side energy frequency regulation and user-side energy optimization scheduling. ls Z represents the total load shedding hours within one year, and Z represents the total number of users. For electricity prices in the power system, and These are the unit prices for up-frequency regulation ancillary services and down-frequency regulation ancillary services for shared energy storage systems participating in grid frequency regulation. The unit price for the shared energy storage system to participate in user-side energy optimization scheduling at time t.

[0017] Optionally, the intraday cost function of the user-side leasing of shared energy storage and the purchase of electricity from the grid side is expressed as:

[0018]

[0019] in, For user i's daily electricity cost, P g,t Purchase power from the grid for user i. Z represents the electricity price in the power system, and Z represents the total number of users.

[0020] Optionally, the objective function constraints include:

[0021] The first constraint condition is used to constrain the charging and discharging power of the shared energy storage system, the power balance between the grid side and the user side, and to calculate the rated power of the shared energy storage system.

[0022] The second constraint condition is used to constrain the state of charge and calculate the rated capacity of the shared energy storage system.

[0023] The third constraint condition is used to constrain the frequency regulation capacity application of the shared energy storage system.

[0024] Optionally, the shared energy storage system includes two energy storage devices of the same capacity, namely a first energy storage device and a second energy storage device, wherein the first energy storage device is initially in a charging state and the second energy storage device is initially in a discharging state.

[0025] The hierarchical control strategy of the shared energy storage system is a strategy of dynamically switching the state of the first energy storage device and the second energy storage device in real time according to the switching conditions of the first energy storage device and the second energy storage device.

[0026] Optionally, the shared energy storage system includes two identical energy storage devices: a first energy storage device and a second energy storage device. The first energy storage device is initially in a charging state, and the second energy storage device is initially in a discharging state. The switching conditions include:

[0027] When the state of charge of the first energy storage device meets the maximum threshold, and / or the state of charge of the second energy storage device meets the minimum threshold, the charging and discharging states of the first energy storage device and the second energy storage device are switched.

[0028] When the state of charge of the first energy storage device and the second energy storage device simultaneously reaches the minimum threshold or simultaneously reaches the maximum threshold, the first energy storage device and the second energy storage device are forced to stop working.

[0029] Optionally, the method further includes:

[0030] In the event of a power outage, loads are categorized and graded according to their importance, with priority given to shedding loads from users with lower importance levels. The importance level of each user's load is determined by solving the load importance evaluation index using the order relation method of group evaluation.

[0031] Optionally, the method further includes:

[0032] Based on the cost model of the shared energy storage system and the intraday revenue objective function of the shared energy storage system participating in energy frequency regulation and load demand coordinated energy scheduling, a net present value model of the shared energy storage system is established.

[0033] The net income of the shared energy storage system over its entire life cycle is calculated based on the net present value model of the shared energy storage system.

[0034] A second aspect of this invention discloses a shared energy storage dispatch system based on energy frequency regulation and load demand, the system comprising:

[0035] Establish a module to define the objective function for the collaborative scheduling of energy frequency regulation and load demand for shared energy storage systems;

[0036] The input module is used to input relevant parameters from the grid-side regulation, user-side, and shared energy storage system into the objective function;

[0037] The solution module is used to solve the objective function based on the constraints of the objective function and the switching costs of the load importance, combined with a mixed integer linear programming algorithm, to obtain a shared energy storage configuration scheme based on energy frequency regulation and load demand;

[0038] The scheduling module is used to configure the shared energy storage system according to the shared energy storage configuration scheme, and to control the shared energy storage system to participate in the energy coordinated scheduling of the grid side and the user side according to the hierarchical control strategy of the shared energy storage system.

[0039] The embodiments of the present invention have the following advantages:

[0040] In this embodiment of the invention, the shared energy storage system participates simultaneously in the coordinated optimization scheduling of the grid side and the user side. By constructing an objective function for the coordinated scheduling of energy frequency regulation and load demand of the shared energy storage system, and solving for the switching costs based on the constraints of the objective function and the importance of the load, a shared energy storage configuration scheme based on energy frequency regulation and load demand is obtained. A hierarchical control strategy is used to control the shared energy storage system to participate in the coordinated energy scheduling of the grid side and the user side simultaneously, thereby realizing the coordinated optimization scheduling of shared energy storage in multiple scenarios, demonstrating the application value of the shared energy storage system and improving its utilization efficiency. Since scheduling is based on the importance of the load, it is more in line with the needs of actual engineering. The hierarchical control strategy of shared energy storage enables real-time dynamic charging and discharging switching of the shared energy storage system, reducing the number of charging and discharging switching times, improving the service life of the shared energy storage system, and ensuring its safety. Attached Figure Description

[0041] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments of the present invention will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0042] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating the steps of a shared energy storage scheduling method based on energy frequency regulation and load demand, provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0043] Figure 2 This is an application flowchart of a shared energy storage scheduling method based on energy frequency regulation and load demand provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a shared energy storage scheduling system based on energy frequency regulation and load demand, provided by an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0045] To make the above-mentioned objectives, features, and advantages of this application more apparent and understandable, the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0046] This invention provides a shared energy storage scheduling method based on energy frequency regulation and load demand, such as... Figure 1 As shown, Figure 1A flowchart of a shared energy storage scheduling method based on energy frequency regulation and load demand provided in this embodiment of the invention includes steps S101 to S104:

[0047] Step S101: Establish the objective function for the shared energy storage system to participate in the coordinated scheduling of energy frequency regulation and load demand.

[0048] A shared energy storage system refers to a battery energy storage system with charging and discharging functions. This shared energy storage system participates in the coordinated optimization and scheduling of energy on both the grid side and the user side. Specifically, it participates in grid-side frequency regulation, that is, when the frequency of the actual output power of the grid is higher or lower than the specified frequency, the frequency of the output power of the grid is stabilized within the specified range by charging or discharging the shared energy storage system; it participates in grid-side energy arbitrage, that is, according to changes in electricity prices, the shared energy storage system is discharged during periods of high electricity prices to supply the load side, and charged during periods of low electricity prices to discharge during periods of high electricity prices to supply the load side, and also used to achieve frequency upscaling in frequency regulation services; it participates in user-side energy optimization and scheduling, that is, when the user's own renewable energy output exceeds the load demand, the shared energy storage system is leased to store electricity, and when the load exceeds the renewable energy output, the shared energy storage system is leased to release electricity.

[0049] In this embodiment, in order to accurately configure the rated power and rated capacity of the shared energy storage system to meet the energy dispatch requirements, and at the same time maximize the economic benefits of the shared energy storage system, an objective function for the shared energy storage system to participate in the coordinated dispatch of energy frequency regulation and load demand is established, and a specific shared energy storage dispatch scheme is solved based on the objective function.

[0050] In an optional embodiment, the objective function for establishing the shared energy storage system's participation in the coordinated scheduling of energy frequency regulation and load demand includes steps A1 to A2:

[0051] Step A1: Determine the intraday revenue objective function for the shared energy storage system to participate in energy frequency regulation and load demand coordinated energy scheduling, wherein the intraday revenue objective function aims to maximize the intraday revenue of the shared energy storage system.

[0052] Based on the unit price of participating in grid-side frequency regulation ancillary services, the power system electricity price, the unit price of participating in user-side energy optimization dispatch services, and the cost of shedding loads according to their importance, an intraday revenue objective function for shared energy storage systems participating in energy frequency regulation and load demand coordinated dispatch is established. The intraday revenue objective function for shared energy storage systems participating in energy frequency regulation and load demand coordinated dispatch includes: the revenue obtained by shared energy storage systems participating in grid frequency regulation, the revenue obtained by shared energy storage systems participating in grid energy arbitrage, the revenue obtained by shared energy storage systems participating in user-side energy optimization dispatch, and the cost incurred in shedding loads with lower importance levels in the event of an overall system power shortage.

[0053] For example, the intraday revenue objective function of the shared energy storage system participating in energy frequency regulation and load demand coordinated energy scheduling is expressed as:

[0054]

[0055] Among them, S efl To generate daily revenue for shared energy storage systems participating in grid energy frequency regulation and user-side energy optimization scheduling, The load shedding cost for user i during time period t. and These represent the charging and discharging power of the shared energy storage system participating in grid-side energy arbitrage during time period t. and These represent the upper and lower reserve power of the shared energy storage system participating in grid frequency regulation during time period t. and These represent the charging and discharging power of the shared energy storage system participating in the energy optimization scheduling of user i during time period t, respectively. efl T represents the total number of intraday scheduling periods during which the shared energy storage system participates in grid-side energy frequency regulation and user-side energy optimization scheduling. ls Z represents the total load shedding hours within one year, and Z represents the total number of users. For electricity prices in the power system, and These are the unit prices for up-frequency regulation ancillary services and down-frequency regulation ancillary services for shared energy storage systems participating in grid frequency regulation. The unit price for the shared energy storage system to participate in user-side energy optimization scheduling at time t.

[0056] Step A2: Determine the intraday cost function for user-side leasing of shared energy storage and purchasing electricity from the grid side, wherein the intraday cost function aims to minimize the user's intraday cost.

[0057] In practical applications, user i can lease a shared energy storage system to store electricity when its own renewable energy output exceeds load demand, and release electricity when the load exceeds renewable energy output. Furthermore, while considering leasing a shared energy storage system to store or release electricity, user i also considers electricity price fluctuations. If the cost of leasing the shared energy storage system is higher than the cost of purchasing electricity from the upstream grid, user i should purchase electricity from the upstream grid during that period. Therefore, to enable users to participate in energy optimization scheduling by leasing shared energy storage systems, the user's cost must be minimized during energy collaborative scheduling. The user's cost includes the cost of purchasing electricity from the upstream grid and the cost of participating in energy optimization scheduling by leasing shared energy storage systems.

[0058] For example, the intraday cost function for user-side leasing of shared energy storage and purchasing electricity from the grid side can be expressed as:

[0059]

[0060] in, For user i's daily electricity cost, P g,t Purchase power from the grid for user i. Z represents the electricity price in the power system, and Z represents the total number of users.

[0061] In this embodiment, in order to accurately configure the rated power and rated capacity of the shared energy storage system to meet the energy dispatch requirements, and at the same time maximize the economic benefits of the shared energy storage system, an objective function for the shared energy storage system to participate in the coordinated dispatch of energy frequency regulation and load demand is established, and a specific shared energy storage dispatch scheme is obtained based on the objective function in subsequent steps.

[0062] Step S102: Input the relevant parameters of the grid side, user side and shared energy storage system into the objective function.

[0063] In this embodiment, the relevant parameters on the grid side include: grid-side power fluctuation data (grid-side up-regulation and down-regulation signals), electricity price, service unit price for participating in grid-side frequency regulation (including service unit price for up-regulation and down-regulation), and relevant parameters required for load importance. The relevant parameters on the user side include: power demand data for each user's load and power output data from renewable energy sources. The relevant parameters for the shared energy storage system include: the charging and discharging efficiency of the shared energy storage system and the upper and lower limits of its state of charge. Specifically, grid-side power fluctuation data refers to the actual daily output power data of the grid, and user load demand power data refers to the daily load demand power data of the user. In subsequent calculations, the grid-side power fluctuation data and user load power data are coupled to obtain the final power change data, which is then used to configure the shared energy storage system.

[0064] Step S103: Based on the objective function constraints and the switching costs of load importance, solve the objective function using a mixed-integer linear programming algorithm to obtain a shared energy storage configuration scheme based on energy frequency regulation and load demand.

[0065] In this embodiment, the switching cost based on load importance refers to the cost incurred by the shared energy storage system in shedding loads with lower importance levels during power outages. This cost needs to be considered when solving the objective function to obtain a more accurate shared energy storage configuration scheme. The nonlinear constraints in the objective function are transformed into a mixed-integer linear programming problem. Specifically, using the objective function constraints as constraints, the shared energy storage configuration scheme is obtained while satisfying the objectives of maximizing the daily revenue of the shared energy storage system and minimizing the daily cost to the users. The shared energy storage configuration scheme includes: the rated power and rated capacity of the shared energy storage system; the revenue of each part of the shared energy storage system (i.e., the revenue obtained from grid frequency regulation, the revenue obtained from the shared energy storage system participating in grid-side energy arbitrage, and the revenue obtained from the shared energy storage system participating in user-side energy optimization scheduling); the charging and discharging time period of the battery energy storage system (i.e., the time period for participating in grid-side up and down frequency regulation, the charging and discharging time period for participating in grid energy arbitrage, and the charging and discharging time period for participating in user-side energy optimization scheduling); the service unit price and user cost for users leasing shared energy storage for energy optimization scheduling; and the cost incurred by the shared energy storage system in shedding loads with lower load importance levels in the event of a power outage in the overall system.

[0066] In one optional embodiment, the objective function constraints include: a first constraint, a second constraint, and a third constraint.

[0067] The first constraint condition is used to constrain the charging and discharging power of the shared energy storage system, the power balance between the grid side and the user side, and the rated power calculation of the shared energy storage system. For example, the first constraint condition can be expressed as:

[0068]

[0069] in, Let τ be the renewable energy power output of user i during time period t. up,t and τ down,t These are the energy coefficients for up-regulation and down-regulation on the grid side, ψ c,t and ψ d,t These represent the charging and discharging states of the shared energy storage system, respectively, when ψ c,t =1 indicates that the shared energy storage system is in a charging state during time period t, at which time ψ d,t =0, when ψd,t =1 indicates that the shared energy storage system is in a discharging state during time period t, at which time ψ c,t =0, and These represent the charging and discharging power of the shared energy storage system participating in the energy optimization scheduling of user i during time period t. and These represent the upper and lower reserve power of the shared energy storage system participating in grid frequency regulation during time period t. and These represent the charging and discharging power of the shared energy storage system participating in grid-side energy arbitrage during time period t.

[0070] The second constraint is used to constrain the state of charge and calculate the rated capacity of the shared energy storage system. For example, the second constraint can be expressed as:

[0071]

[0072]

[0073] Among them, SOC t For the shared energy storage system's state of charge (SOC0) at time period t, SOC0 and These represent the initial state of charge (SOC) and the state of charge (SOC) of the shared energy storage system, respectively, while Ω represents the set of frequency regulation times during the grid-side frequency regulation within the scheduling period t. and These represent the up-regulation and down-regulation signals of the grid-side frequency regulation market at time ε within time period t.

[0074] The third constraint is used to constrain the frequency regulation capacity declaration of the shared energy storage system. For example, the third constraint can be expressed as:

[0075]

[0076]

[0077]

[0078] In this embodiment, to avoid frequent charging and discharging of the shared energy storage system when participating in grid energy frequency regulation scheduling, the relationship between the up- and down-regulation power of the shared energy storage system and the charging and discharging power during the grid energy arbitrage hour is restricted. That is, frequent power fluctuations are converted to 1 hour. For example, if there are two shared energy storage systems A and B, and there are 20 charging and discharging time periods with discontinuous charging and discharging states within 1 hour, only shared energy storage system A is called for charging and only shared energy storage system B is called for discharging within this 1 hour. This avoids frequent switching of the charging and discharging states of the shared energy storage system caused by power frequency switching.

[0079] In this embodiment, the shared energy storage configuration scheme is obtained by combining a mixed-integer linear programming algorithm, under the constraints of the first, second and third constraints, while satisfying the objectives of maximizing the daily revenue of the shared energy storage system and minimizing the daily cost for users.

[0080] Step S104: Configure the shared energy storage system according to the shared energy storage configuration scheme, and control the shared energy storage system to participate in the energy coordinated scheduling of the grid side and the user side according to the hierarchical control strategy of the shared energy storage system.

[0081] In this embodiment, configuring the shared energy storage system according to the shared energy storage configuration scheme means configuring the rated power and rated capacity of the shared energy storage system according to its rated power and rated capacity. Controlling the shared energy storage system to participate in the coordinated energy dispatching between the grid side and the power source side means calling the shared energy storage system to charge and discharge during the corresponding time periods based on the battery energy storage system's participation in grid-side frequency regulation, grid energy arbitrage charging and discharging, and user-side energy optimization dispatching. Specifically, this is done according to a hierarchical control strategy for the shared energy storage system.

[0082] In this embodiment, a shared energy storage configuration scheme is used to configure the shared energy storage system, and a hierarchical control strategy is employed to control the shared energy storage system to simultaneously participate in the coordinated energy scheduling of the grid side and the user side. This achieves coordinated and optimized scheduling of shared energy storage in multiple scenarios, demonstrating the application value of the shared energy storage system and improving its utilization efficiency. Furthermore, the hierarchical control strategy reduces the number of charging and discharging switches in the shared energy storage system, extending its lifespan and ensuring its safety.

[0083] In one optional embodiment, the shared energy storage system includes two energy storage devices of the same capacity, namely a first energy storage device and a second energy storage device, wherein the first energy storage device is initially in a charging state and the second energy storage device is initially in a discharging state.

[0084] The hierarchical control strategy of the shared energy storage system is a strategy of dynamically switching the state of the first energy storage device and the second energy storage device in real time according to the switching conditions of the first energy storage device and the second energy storage device.

[0085] In this embodiment, to avoid frequent charging and discharging switching of the shared energy storage system and to improve system reliability, the rated capacity of the shared energy storage system is divided into two energy storage capacity devices with the same capacity: a first energy storage capacity device and a second energy storage capacity device. Both the first and second energy storage capacity devices have charging and discharging functions. The initial state of the first energy storage capacity device is charging, meaning that the initial state of charge of the first energy storage capacity device is at its minimum (initial energy level is at its minimum). The first energy storage capacity device is used for charging at the beginning, that is, when the grid needs to down-regulate the frequency, when the electricity price is low and the energy needs to be stored, or when the user's renewable energy output power exceeds the load demand and the shared energy storage system needs to be leased, the first energy storage capacity device in the charging state is called for charging. The initial state of the second energy storage capacity device being in discharge means that the initial state of charge of the second energy storage capacity device is at its maximum (the initial amount of electricity is at its maximum). At the beginning, the second energy storage capacity device is called up to discharge. That is, when the grid side needs to adjust the frequency upward, when the electricity price is high, or when the user's new energy output power is less than the load demand, the second energy storage capacity device in the discharge state is called up to discharge.

[0086] In practical applications, based on the charging and discharging time periods of the shared energy storage system in the configuration scheme, either the first or second energy storage capacity device is invoked for charging and discharging at the corresponding time points. This avoids frequent switching of shared energy storage charging and discharging, and achieves coordinated and optimized energy scheduling between the grid and the user side. Furthermore, considering that the state of charge (SOC) of the first and second energy storage capacity devices (the shared energy storage system) changes with their invocation, and that the first energy storage device, when charging, reaches its maximum SOC and cannot continue charging, or the first energy storage device, when discharging, reaches its minimum SOC and cannot continue discharging, appropriate switching conditions need to be set to dynamically switch the charging and discharging states of the first and second energy storage capacity devices. This avoids frequent charging and discharging switching during use and ensures the safety of the shared energy storage system.

[0087] For example, the charging power of the first energy storage device in time period t and the discharging power of the second energy storage device in time period t are expressed as follows:

[0088]

[0089]

[0090] in, and These represent the charging power and discharging power of the first energy storage device and the second energy storage device, respectively, during time period t. and The State of Charge (SOC) of the first and second energy storage devices in time period t are respectively. min and SOC max These are the minimum and maximum state of charge values ​​for the shared energy storage system, respectively.

[0091] When the state of charge of the first energy storage device is at its maximum, charging cannot continue; when the state of charge of the second energy storage device is at its minimum, discharging cannot continue. Therefore, the charging and discharging switching conditions for the first and second energy storage devices are set according to their state of charge.

[0092] Specifically, the switching conditions include:

[0093] When the state of charge of the first energy storage device meets the maximum threshold, and / or the state of charge of the second energy storage device meets the minimum threshold, the charging and discharging states of the first energy storage device and the second energy storage device are switched.

[0094] When the state of charge of the first energy storage device and the second energy storage device simultaneously reaches the minimum threshold or simultaneously reaches the maximum threshold, the first energy storage device and the second energy storage device are forced to stop working.

[0095] In this embodiment, since the electrical energy used for grid-side frequency regulation, grid arbitrage charging and discharging, and user-rented shared energy storage system energy optimization scheduling are random, the charging and discharging energy of the shared energy storage system is not necessarily the same as the discharging energy. That is, the charging energy of the first energy storage device and the discharging energy of the second energy storage device are not necessarily the same. When the state of charge of the first energy storage device reaches its minimum, the state of charge of the second energy storage device may not reach its maximum, or when the state of charge of the second energy storage device reaches its maximum, the state of charge of the first energy storage device may not reach its minimum. However, as long as the state of charge of one energy storage device reaches its maximum or minimum, energy scheduling cannot continue. At this time, the charging and discharging operating states of the two energy storage devices must be switched, that is, the first energy storage device in the charging state is switched to the discharging operating state, and the second energy storage device in the discharging state is switched to the charging state. Furthermore, when the state of charge of the first energy storage device and the second energy storage device simultaneously reaches the minimum threshold or simultaneously reaches the maximum threshold, it indicates that the shared energy storage system cannot continue to charge or discharge and cannot meet the energy dispatch requirements. Therefore, for the safety of the system, the first energy storage device and the second energy storage device must be forced to stop working.

[0096] For example, the real-time dynamic switching conditions between the first energy storage capacity device and the first energy storage capacity device can be specifically expressed as: ① When or The first energy storage capacity device and the first energy storage capacity device switch between charging and discharging functions; ② When the state of charge of the energy storage capacity devices simultaneously reaches the minimum threshold SOC. min Or the highest threshold SOC max At this point, the shared energy storage system is forced to stop working.

[0097] In practical applications, the state of charge (SOC) of the first and second energy storage devices is monitored in real time. Based on the real-time SOC status, the charging and discharging states of the first and second energy storage devices are dynamically switched. This avoids frequent charging and discharging switching during use and ensures the safety of the shared energy storage system.

[0098] In an optional embodiment, the shared energy storage scheduling method based on energy frequency regulation and load demand further includes: in the event of a power shortage, classifying and grading loads according to their importance, and prioritizing the shedding of loads for users with lower importance levels. The load importance of each user is obtained by solving the load importance evaluation index using the order relation method of group evaluation.

[0099] In this embodiment, a power outage refers to a situation where the power grid is unable to supply power to users due to a fault, resulting in a power shortage for the users. In this case, the shared energy storage system prioritizes users with higher load importance, eliminating this priority. During a power outage, to prioritize power supply to higher-priority users, it is necessary to disconnect the load from lower-priority users (cut off power supply to lower-priority users), thus incurring load shedding costs. For example, the load shedding cost function model is:

[0100]

[0101] in, This is a constant, which can be determined through negotiation between the shared energy storage system company and user i. This refers to the compensation coefficient for the interruption agreement between shared energy storage system companies and users. Let t be the load shedding power of user i during time period t.

[0102] To determine the load importance of each user, this embodiment establishes three load importance evaluation indicators. These indicators are then solved using the order relation method of group evaluation to obtain the load importance of each user. Specifically, this includes steps B1 to B2:

[0103] Step B1: Establish importance evaluation indicators. Importance evaluation indicators include: load density, load factor, and annual maximum load utilization hours, specifically expressed as follows:

[0104] (1) Load density d i This refers to the user's daily load demand relative to the total land area of ​​their region, expressed as:

[0105]

[0106] Where, d i S represents the load density of user i. i The land area used by user i.

[0107] The load density index is:

[0108]

[0109] Where, x d,i For the user-side load density assessment index, d max This represents the highest load density on the user side (i).

[0110] (2) Load factor φ i This refers to the ratio of the average load to the maximum load of user i during the statistical period, expressed as:

[0111]

[0112] Where, φ i Let i be the load rate. Let i be the average load demand of user i during the statistical period. This represents the maximum load demand of user i during the statistical period.

[0113] The load factor performance indicator is:

[0114]

[0115] Where, x φ,i For user-side load factor assessment indicators, φ max This represents the highest load rate among user-side i.

[0116] (3) Annual maximum load utilization hours (TIU) i This refers to the total amount of time user i consumes electricity within a year.

[0117] The annual maximum load utilization hours assessment indicator is:

[0118]

[0119] Where, x TIU,i TIU is the performance indicator for the annual maximum load utilization hours of the user-side i-load. max The highest annual maximum load utilization hours in user-side i.

[0120] Step B2: Solve for the load importance evaluation index based on the order relation method of group evaluation.

[0121] Let s1, s2, ..., s k Experts assigned x to each evaluation indicator d,i ,x φ,i ,x TIU,i The order relation of is: Furthermore, the experts provided the contribution ratio between adjacent evaluation indicators as follows: Therefore, the weight values ​​of each evaluation index can be obtained using the order relation method. The specific calculation is as follows:

[0122]

[0123]

[0124] (1) Calculate the weight value of each expert based on the ranking relationship of the evaluation indicators. Represented as:

[0125]

[0126] in, For expertsk For each evaluation index x d,i ,x φ,i ,x TIU,i The given sorted value vector; For each evaluation indicator x d,i ,x φ,i ,x TIU,i The comprehensive sorted value vector, and

[0127] when This indicates that all experts have the same information regarding the ranking of each evaluation indicator. This indicates that the experts have different information regarding the ranking relationships of the evaluation indicators. The larger the value, the more likely it is to be an expert. k They have a lot of information about each evaluation indicator.

[0128] (2) Calculate the weight value of each expert based on the weight of the evaluation indicators, expressed as:

[0129]

[0130] in, For experts k For each evaluation index x d,i ,x φ,i ,x TIU,i The weight value vector obtained by the order relation method For each evaluation indicator x d,i ,x φ,i ,x TIU,i The comprehensive weight value vector, and

[0131] When μ k When μ = 1, it indicates that all experts have the same information regarding the weights of the evaluation indicators. k When μ is ≤1, it indicates that the experts have different information regarding the weights of the evaluation indicators. k The larger the value, the more likely it is to be an expert. k The information regarding the weights of each evaluation indicator is relatively comprehensive.

[0132] (3) Combining the weight values ​​ξ of each expert k for:

[0133]

[0134] Where, ξ k The larger the value, the more likely it is to be an expert. k The comprehensive evaluation indicators provide a relatively complete understanding of the evaluation criteria. k The smaller the value, the more likely it is to be an expert. k There is limited information available regarding the comprehensive evaluation indicators.

[0135] (4) Determine the contribution ratio matrix β of each expert for each evaluation indicator. k :

[0136]

[0137]

[0138] Where, β k For experts k Give each evaluation index x d,i ,x φ,i ,x TIU,i A matrix showing the ranking relationships between indicators and the relative contribution ratios of adjacent evaluation indicators; Indicated by expert s k The ranking relationship between the evaluation indicators and the ratio of the relative contribution of adjacent evaluation indicators are given.

[0139] β k The grouping judgment matrix β is as follows:

[0140]

[0141]

[0142] According to a lj The calculation expression can determine each evaluation index x. d,i ,x φ,i ,x TIU,i The ratio of their overall contributions is r c Then, the weight values ​​of the above evaluation indicators are used. and The calculation expression calculates the final weight value of each evaluation index.

[0143] (5) Determine the comprehensive evaluation value Y of the importance of the load. i , is represented as:

[0144]

[0145] Y i Y is used to reflect the importance of user i's load in a certain area. i A higher value indicates a more important user, and vice versa. Therefore, in the event of a power outage, loads can be categorized by importance, with lower-level loads being prioritized for disconnection.

[0146] In this embodiment, since the shared energy storage system participates in both grid-side energy frequency regulation and user-side energy optimization scheduling, many unpredictable safety and reliability issues arise, such as system failures leading to power shortages on the user side. Therefore, by calculating load importance evaluation indicators, it can be determined when unpredictable problems occur in the system. In this way, the shared energy storage system can select users for priority power supply, thereby improving the utilization value of the shared energy storage system to society even in the event of power shortages.

[0147] In an optional embodiment, the method further includes:

[0148] Based on the cost model of the shared energy storage system and the intraday revenue objective function of the shared energy storage system participating in energy frequency regulation and load demand coordinated scheduling, a net present value model of the shared energy storage system is established; the net revenue of the shared energy storage system over its entire life cycle is calculated based on the net present value model of the shared energy storage system.

[0149] The net present value (NPV) of a shared energy storage system reflects whether the system is profitable when participating in grid energy frequency regulation and user-side energy optimization scheduling. The specific expression is as follows:

[0150]

[0151] Among them, S npv D represents the net present value of a shared energy storage system. day,ι S represents the number of days the shared energy storage system operates in year ι. efl For the intraday revenue of a shared energy storage system participating in grid energy frequency regulation and user-side energy optimization scheduling, γ represents the discount rate, and C inv For the investment and construction costs of shared energy storage systems, C o&m For the maintenance costs of shared energy storage systems, C rest Cost of recovering residual value of shared energy storage systems.

[0152] Specifically, the cost calculation for each part includes:

[0153] (1) Construction cost C inv The initial construction cost and replacement cost of a shared energy storage system are calculated together, referred to as the investment cost, and expressed as follows:

[0154]

[0155] Among them, C e and C p These represent the unit cost of the shared energy storage system's rated capacity and rated power, respectively; K represents the number of times the shared energy storage system needs to be replaced; and T represents the cost per unit of power. lcc The total number of years the shared energy storage project will operate.

[0156] (2) Maintenance cost C o&mMaintenance costs mainly refer to the maintenance expenses incurred to ensure the normal operation of the shared energy storage system, and are expressed as follows:

[0157]

[0158] Among them, C p,o&m The unit price for power maintenance of shared energy storage systems.

[0159] (3) Residual value recovery cost C rest When a shared energy storage system loses its ability to participate in dispatching, it needs to be replaced or scrapped and recycled. Even in this case, the shared energy storage system still has some value, therefore the cost of residual value recovery is expressed as:

[0160] C rest =-β rest C inv

[0161] Where, β rest The recovery value coefficient for shared energy storage systems.

[0162] In this embodiment, the net revenue of the shared energy storage system during the entire project operation period is calculated by combining the cost model of the shared energy storage system and the intraday revenue objective function of the shared energy storage system participating in energy frequency regulation and load demand coordinated scheduling (i.e., the intraday revenue of the shared energy storage system).

[0163] In one optional embodiment, the shared energy storage system's capacity decay rate can be obtained by solving the objective function of the shared energy storage system's participation in energy frequency regulation and load demand coordination, combined with the shared energy storage system's decay function model and objective function constraints. Then, the number of times the shared energy storage system can be replaced can be obtained based on the shared energy storage system's capacity decay rate.

[0164] Specifically, the degradation function model of a shared energy storage system mainly consists of two parts: first, a model of capacity degradation caused by charging and discharging; and second, a model of the gradual capacity degradation of the shared energy storage system as operating time increases. Therefore, the functional expression for the capacity degradation rate of the shared energy storage system is:

[0165]

[0166] in, For the capacity decay rate of the shared energy storage system, P represents the aging rate of a shared energy storage system at a depth of discharge of 1. c,t and P d,t E represents the charging power and discharging power of the shared energy storage system during time period t. rate and P rate These represent the rated capacity and rated power of the shared energy storage system, η. c and ηd T1 represents the charging conversion efficiency and discharging conversion efficiency of the shared energy storage system, respectively. cal α represents the calendar aging rate of the shared energy storage system during its first phase of operation. l and b l χ represents the parameters of the linear function of the charging aging process and the linear function of the discharging aging process of the shared energy storage system in stage l, respectively. l Let Δt be the calendar aging factor corresponding to the operating time of the shared energy storage system in stage l, and Δt be the scheduling time interval of the shared energy storage system. In this embodiment, Δt = 1 hour. When the capacity decay rate of the shared energy storage system... When the shared energy storage system replaces a battery once, K=1.

[0167] In this embodiment, the shared energy storage system participates simultaneously in the coordinated optimization scheduling of the grid side and the user side. An objective function is constructed to coordinate the shared energy storage system's participation in energy frequency regulation and load demand scheduling. Relevant parameters from the grid side, the user side, and the shared energy storage system are input into the objective function. Based on the constraints of the objective function and the switching costs of load importance, a shared energy storage scheduling scheme based on energy frequency regulation and load demand is obtained. A hierarchical control strategy is used to control the shared energy storage system to participate simultaneously in the coordinated energy scheduling of the grid side and the user side, thereby achieving coordinated optimization scheduling of shared energy storage in multiple scenarios. This demonstrates the application value of the shared energy storage system and improves its utilization efficiency. Due to the hierarchical control strategy, real-time dynamic charging and discharging switching of the shared energy storage system is achieved, reducing the number of charging and discharging switching operations, increasing the system's lifespan, and ensuring its safety. Furthermore, by calculating load importance evaluation indicators, it is possible to identify users who require priority power supply when unpredictable problems occur in the system. This further enhances the shared energy storage system's continued value to society even in power shortages.

[0168] For example, such as Figure 2 As shown, Figure 2 This is an application flowchart of a shared energy storage scheduling method based on energy frequency regulation and load demand, provided by an embodiment of the present invention. In practical application scenarios, the process of having the shared energy storage system participate in both energy frequency regulation and load demand energy optimization scheduling is as follows:

[0169] First, input the relevant parameters for the grid side, user side, and shared energy storage system. Specifically, input the grid side power fluctuation data (up-frequency regulation signal and down-frequency regulation signal), the service unit price and electricity price for participating in grid-side frequency regulation, and the relevant parameters required for each user's load demand, renewable energy output power, and load importance. For the shared energy storage system, input the battery charge and discharge efficiency, upper and lower limits of state of charge, shared energy storage ancillary service price, battery cost, and parameters related to capacity degradation.

[0170] Secondly, guided by frequency regulation prices, electricity prices, service unit prices for participating in grid-side frequency regulation, service unit prices for participating in user-side energy optimization dispatching, and load shedding costs, an objective function is established for the shared energy storage system to participate in the coordinated dispatching of energy frequency regulation and load demand (including: the intraday revenue objective function for the shared energy storage system's participation in the coordinated dispatching of energy frequency regulation and load demand, and the intraday cost function for users leasing shared energy storage and purchasing electricity from the grid). Specifically, the intraday revenue objective function for the shared energy storage system's participation in the coordinated dispatching of energy frequency regulation and load demand aims to maximize the intraday revenue of the shared energy storage system. This objective function includes the revenue gained by the shared energy storage system from participating in grid frequency regulation, the revenue gained by the shared energy storage system from participating in grid energy arbitrage, the revenue gained by the shared energy storage system from participating in user-side energy optimization dispatching, and the cost incurred by the shared energy storage system in shedding loads with lower importance levels in the event of a system-wide power shortage. The intraday cost function for users leasing shared energy storage and purchasing electricity from the grid aims to minimize the user's intraday cost.

[0171] Then, constraints related to the objective function are established, and the nonlinear constraints are transformed into a mixed-integer linear programming problem. Furthermore, based on the total capacity, the shared energy storage system is divided into two energy storage devices of equal capacity, namely energy storage device A and energy storage device B. Energy storage device A is used for charging, and energy storage device B is used for discharging. Conditions for switching between the functions of energy storage device A and energy storage device B are set. Through this hierarchical control strategy of the shared energy storage system, real-time dynamic switching between energy storage device A and energy storage device B can be achieved, reducing the number of switching operations during charging and discharging in the shared energy storage system, thereby improving the service life of the shared energy storage system.

[0172] Furthermore, to ensure the shared energy storage system continues to provide significant value to society even during power outages, a comprehensive evaluation of load importance is calculated to prioritize load shedding for those with lower comprehensive importance evaluation values. A load shedding cost function is established to calculate the load shedding cost of the shared energy storage system. Finally, the net benefit of the shared energy storage system during its entire operation period is calculated using the shared energy storage system's cost model.

[0173] like Figure 3 As shown, Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a shared energy storage dispatching system based on energy frequency regulation and load demand, provided as an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 3 As shown, the system includes:

[0174] Module 31 is established to create an objective function for the shared energy storage system to participate in the coordinated scheduling of energy frequency regulation and load demand.

[0175] Input module 32 is used to input relevant parameters of grid-side regulation, user-side and shared energy storage system into the objective function;

[0176] The solution module 33 is used to solve the objective function based on the objective function constraints and the switching cost of the load importance, combined with the mixed integer linear programming algorithm, to obtain a shared energy storage configuration scheme based on energy frequency regulation and load demand;

[0177] The scheduling module 34 is used to configure the shared energy storage system according to the shared energy storage configuration scheme, and to control the shared energy storage system to participate in the energy coordinated scheduling of the grid side and the user side according to the hierarchical control strategy of the shared energy storage system.

[0178] In one optional embodiment, the establishment module includes:

[0179] The first module submodule is used to determine the intraday revenue objective function of the shared energy storage system participating in energy frequency regulation and load demand coordinated energy scheduling. The intraday revenue objective function aims to maximize the intraday revenue of the shared energy storage system.

[0180] The second module submodule is used to determine the intraday cost function for user-side leasing of shared energy storage and purchasing electricity from the grid side, wherein the intraday cost function aims to minimize the user's intraday cost.

[0181] In one optional embodiment, the solving module includes:

[0182] The first constraint condition submodule is used to determine the first constraint condition, which is used to constrain the charging and discharging power of the shared energy storage system, the power balance between the grid side and the user side, and to calculate the rated power of the shared energy storage system.

[0183] The second constraint condition submodule is used to determine the second constraint condition, which is used to constrain the state of charge and calculate the rated capacity of the shared energy storage system.

[0184] The third constraint condition submodule is used to determine the third constraint condition, which is used to constrain the frequency regulation capacity declaration of the shared energy storage system.

[0185] In one optional embodiment, the shared energy storage system includes two identical energy storage devices: a first energy storage device and a second energy storage device, wherein the first energy storage device is initially in a charging state, and the second energy storage device is initially in a discharging state; the scheduling module further includes:

[0186] The first switching module is used to switch the charging and discharging states of the first energy storage device and the second energy storage device when the state of charge of the first energy storage device meets the maximum threshold and / or the state of charge of the second energy storage device meets the minimum threshold.

[0187] The second switching module is used to force the first energy storage device and the second energy storage device to stop working when the state of charge of the first energy storage device and the second energy storage device simultaneously reach the minimum threshold or simultaneously reach the maximum threshold.

[0188] In an optional embodiment, the system further includes:

[0189] The load shedding module is used to classify and categorize loads according to their importance level in the event of a power outage, prioritizing the shedding of loads for users with lower importance levels. The load importance level of each user is obtained by solving the load importance evaluation index using the order relation method of group evaluation.

[0190] In an optional embodiment, the system further includes:

[0191] The net present value model establishment module is used to establish the net present value model of the shared energy storage system based on the cost model of the shared energy storage system and the intraday revenue objective function of the shared energy storage system participating in energy frequency regulation and load demand coordinated scheduling.

[0192] The net present value (NPV) calculation module is used to calculate the net income of the shared energy storage system over its entire life cycle based on the NPV model of the shared energy storage system.

[0193] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, with each embodiment focusing on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referred to each other.

[0194] Although preferred embodiments of the present application have been described, those skilled in the art, upon learning the basic inventive concept, can make other changes and modifications to these embodiments. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be interpreted as including the preferred embodiments as well as all changes and modifications falling within the scope of the embodiments of the present application.

[0195] Finally, it should be noted that in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or terminal device that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or terminal device. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or terminal device that includes said element.

[0196] The above provides a detailed description of a shared energy storage scheduling method and system based on energy frequency regulation and load demand provided in this application. Specific examples have been used to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of this application. The descriptions of the above embodiments are only for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core ideas of this application. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope based on the ideas of this application. Therefore, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of this application.

Claims

1. A shared energy storage scheduling method based on energy frequency regulation and load demand, characterized in that, The method includes: Establish an objective function for the collaborative scheduling of shared energy storage systems to participate in energy frequency regulation and load demand; The relevant parameters of the grid side, user side, and shared energy storage system are input into the objective function; Based on the objective function constraints and the switching costs of load importance, the objective function is solved using a mixed-integer linear programming algorithm to obtain a shared energy storage configuration scheme based on energy frequency regulation and load demand. Configure the shared energy storage system according to the aforementioned shared energy storage configuration scheme, and control the shared energy storage system to participate in the coordinated energy dispatching between the grid side and the user side according to the hierarchical control strategy of the shared energy storage system; The objective function for establishing a shared energy storage system to participate in the coordinated scheduling of energy frequency regulation and load demand includes: Determine the intraday revenue objective function for the shared energy storage system to participate in energy frequency regulation and load demand coordinated energy scheduling, wherein the intraday revenue objective function aims to maximize the intraday revenue of the shared energy storage system. The intraday revenue objective function of the shared energy storage system participating in energy frequency regulation and load demand coordinated scheduling is expressed as: in, To generate daily revenue for shared energy storage systems participating in grid energy frequency regulation and user-side energy optimization scheduling, For users i During the period t Internal load shedding costs, and For shared energy storage systems, the time periods are as follows: t The charging and discharging power involved in grid-side energy arbitrage. and For shared energy storage systems, the time periods are as follows: t Upper and lower reserve power participating in power grid frequency regulation and For shared energy storage systems, the time periods are as follows: t Participating users i Energy-optimized scheduling of charging and discharging power, This refers to the total number of daily scheduling periods during which the shared energy storage system participates in grid-side energy frequency regulation and user-side energy optimization scheduling. The total number of hours of load shedding within one year. Total number of users For electricity prices in the power system, and These are the unit prices for up-frequency regulation ancillary services and down-frequency regulation ancillary services for shared energy storage systems participating in grid frequency regulation. For shared energy storage systems t The unit price of services that are constantly involved in user-side energy optimization and scheduling.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The objective function for establishing a shared energy storage system to participate in the coordinated scheduling of energy frequency regulation and load demand includes: Determine the intraday cost function for user-side leasing of shared energy storage and purchasing electricity from the grid side, wherein the intraday cost function aims to minimize the user's intraday cost.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The intraday cost function for user-side leasing of shared energy storage and purchasing electricity from the grid side is expressed as: in, For users i Daily electricity cost For users i Purchase power from the grid side. For electricity prices in the power system, This represents the total number of users.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The objective function constraints include: The first constraint condition is used to constrain the charging and discharging power of the shared energy storage system, the power balance between the grid side and the user side, and to calculate the rated power of the shared energy storage system. The second constraint condition is used to constrain the state of charge and calculate the rated capacity of the shared energy storage system. The third constraint condition is used to constrain the frequency regulation capacity application of the shared energy storage system.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The shared energy storage system includes two energy storage devices of the same capacity: a first energy storage device and a second energy storage device. The first energy storage device is initially in a charging state, and the second energy storage device is initially in a discharging state. The hierarchical control strategy of the shared energy storage system is a strategy of dynamically switching the state of the first energy storage device and the second energy storage device in real time according to the switching conditions of the first energy storage device and the second energy storage device.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The shared energy storage system includes two identical energy storage devices: a first energy storage device and a second energy storage device. The first energy storage device is initially in a charging state, and the second energy storage device is initially in a discharging state. The switching conditions include: When the state of charge of the first energy storage device meets the maximum threshold, and / or the state of charge of the second energy storage device meets the minimum threshold, the charging and discharging states of the first energy storage device and the second energy storage device are switched. When the state of charge of the first energy storage device and the second energy storage device simultaneously reaches the minimum threshold or simultaneously reaches the maximum threshold, the first energy storage device and the second energy storage device are forced to stop working.

7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method further includes: In the event of a power outage, loads are categorized and graded according to their importance, with priority given to shedding loads from users with lower importance levels. The importance level of each user's load is determined by solving the load importance evaluation index using the order relation method of group evaluation.

8. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method further includes: Based on the cost model of the shared energy storage system and the intraday revenue objective function of the shared energy storage system participating in energy frequency regulation and load demand coordinated energy scheduling, a net present value model of the shared energy storage system is established. The net present value model of the shared energy storage system is used to calculate the net income of the shared energy storage system over its entire life cycle.

9. A shared energy storage dispatch system based on energy frequency regulation and load demand, characterized in that, The system includes: Establish a module to define the objective function for the collaborative scheduling of energy frequency regulation and load demand for shared energy storage systems; The input module is used to input relevant parameters from the grid-side regulation, user-side, and shared energy storage system into the objective function; The solution module is used to solve the objective function based on the constraints of the objective function and the switching costs of the load importance, combined with a mixed integer linear programming algorithm, to obtain a shared energy storage configuration scheme based on energy frequency regulation and load demand; The scheduling module is used to configure the shared energy storage system according to the shared energy storage configuration scheme, and to control the shared energy storage system to participate in the energy coordinated scheduling of the grid side and the user side according to the hierarchical control strategy of the shared energy storage system. The establishment module is also used to determine the intraday revenue objective function of the shared energy storage system participating in energy frequency regulation and load demand coordinated scheduling, wherein the intraday revenue objective function aims to maximize the intraday revenue of the shared energy storage system. The intraday revenue objective function of the shared energy storage system participating in energy frequency regulation and load demand coordinated scheduling is expressed as: in, To generate daily revenue for shared energy storage systems participating in grid energy frequency regulation and user-side energy optimization scheduling, For users i During the period t Internal load shedding costs, and For shared energy storage systems, the time periods are as follows: t The charging and discharging power involved in grid-side energy arbitrage. and For shared energy storage systems, the time periods are as follows: t Upper and lower reserve power participating in power grid frequency regulation and For shared energy storage systems, the time periods are as follows: t Participating users i Energy-optimized scheduling of charging and discharging power, This refers to the total number of daily scheduling periods during which the shared energy storage system participates in grid-side energy frequency regulation and user-side energy optimization scheduling. The total number of hours of load shedding within one year. Total number of users For electricity prices in the power system, and These are the unit prices for up-frequency regulation ancillary services and down-frequency regulation ancillary services for shared energy storage systems participating in grid frequency regulation. For shared energy storage systems t The unit price of services that are constantly involved in user-side energy optimization and scheduling.

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