X-band 3000W power amplifier

Abstract

The application discloses an X-band 3000W power amplifier. The X-band 3000W power amplifier mainly comprises a pre-stage amplifier, a driving stage amplifier, a band-pass filter, a 32-way power divider, two-way final-stage amplification modules, a 32-way combiner, a bidirectional coupler, a waveguide sealing window, a low-pass filter, a shunt, a detector, a detection amplifier, a TALC control board, a current monitoring board, a power detection and control unit, a liquid cooling box body, a cover plate, a supporting lug, a water joint, a fastener and the like. The application has the characteristics of large output power, high gain, stable loop operation, complete protection function, perfect thermal design and the like. The application works in the X-band, has a bandwidth greater than 500MHz, and has an output power greater than or equal to 3000W in a continuous wave working state, and a power consumption less than or equal to 18kW. The application is suitable for use in an X-band high-power electronic countermeasure system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to an X-band 3000W power amplifier in the field of electronic countermeasures, used to realize the power amplification and synthesis function of radio frequency signals. Background Technology

[0002] With the development of communication technology, electronic countermeasures technology has received increasing attention. To accurately and effectively jam target communications, high-power amplifiers are needed. However, designing high-power amplifiers faces challenges such as high heat dissipation pressure, large and heavy chassis with complex structures, high loop instability, high electromagnetic compatibility pressure, and stringent protection requirements. These challenges mutually constrain the increase in amplifier power. Therefore, achieving a high-power amplifier while meeting the requirements for heat dissipation, loop stability, electromagnetic compatibility, and protection functions has become a key issue. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by this invention is to provide a high-power X-band 3000W power amplifier. This invention features good heat dissipation, stable operation, and comprehensive protection functions. It delivers an X-band output power of greater than or equal to 3000W with a power consumption of less than 18kW, meeting the requirements for high-power X-band amplifiers in electronic countermeasures systems.

[0004] The objective of this invention is achieved as follows:

[0005] A 3000W X-band power amplifier includes a preamplifier 1, a driver amplifier 2, a bandpass filter 3, a 32-channel power divider 4, two final stage amplifier modules 5, a 32-channel combiner 6, a bidirectional coupler 7, a waveguide sealing window 8, a low-pass filter 9, a splitter 10, a detector 11, a detector amplifier 12, a TALC control board 13, a current monitoring board 14, a power monitoring and control unit 15, a liquid-cooled enclosure 16, a cover plate 17, a support lug 18, and a water connector 19.

[0006] The driver amplifier 2, via a bandpass filter 3 and a 32-channel power divider 4, divides the input RF signal into 32 equal-phase channels, which then enter 16 two-channel final-stage amplifier modules 5. The output power is then combined using a 32-channel combiner 6. During power amplifier operation, a bidirectional coupler 7 couples out the forward power, which is then split into two paths via a low-pass filter 9 and a splitter 10. One path is input to the power monitoring and control unit 15, and the other is input to the detector 11. The bidirectional coupler 7 directly inputs the reverse power to the detector 11. After passing through the detector 11, the forward and reverse coupled signals enter the detector amplifier 12, and then output electrical signals to the TALC control board 13. This board controls the electrically adjustable attenuator in the preamplifier 1 to achieve loop control, over-excitation, and high VSWR protection. Simultaneously, the power monitoring and control unit 15 directly controls the gain of the preamplifier 1, adjusting the overall link gain of the power amplifier.

[0007] Both the two final stage amplifier modules 5 and the 32-channel combiner 6 are attached to the cold plate of the liquid-cooled enclosure 16 for heat dissipation. The liquid-cooled enclosure 16 is installed through the side lugs 18. One side of the lugs 18 is fixed to the liquid-cooled enclosure 16, and the other end is connected and fixed to the external equipment. The liquid-cooled enclosure 16 and the cover plate 17 cooperate to achieve watertight characteristics, and liquid is supplied through the water connector 19.

[0008] Furthermore, the preamplifier 1 internally includes a digitally controlled attenuator and an electrically adjustable attenuator to achieve gain control, loop control, and over-excitation and high VSWR protection functions.

[0009] Furthermore, the two-stage final amplifier modules 5 amplify the power of the split small signals to achieve two 150W power outputs in the X-band.

[0010] Furthermore, the 32-channel combiner 6 is in the form of a waveguide to achieve power combining at the level of 3000W; the 32-channel combiner 6 contains 32 waveguide isolated loads to achieve port isolation of the combined circuit.

[0011] Furthermore, the detector amplifier 12 adjusts the voltage amplification factor of each electrical signal via a potentiometer to adjust the loop power and protection threshold.

[0012] Furthermore, the liquid-cooled enclosure 16 contains two layers of liquid-cooled plates and a combiner cold plate; each layer of liquid-cooled plate has four two-way final stage amplifier modules 5 installed on its upper and lower sides, which are connected to the 32-way combiner 6 via quick-connect connectors and locked in place using quick-connect locking strips; waveguide isolation loads are installed on the combiner cold plate to provide heat dissipation for the loads.

[0013] Furthermore, the cover plate 17 has a reinforcing rib structure, which meets the rigidity requirements of the cover plate while reducing weight; when the cover plate 17 is installed on the liquid cooling box 16, it is sealed by a double-peak conductive rubber strip, thereby reducing electromagnetic leakage and achieving the watertight characteristics of the box; the liquid cooling box 17 is equipped with a waterproof and breathable valve to balance the internal and external pressure difference and prevent harmful gases from accumulating inside the equipment.

[0014] The present invention has the following advantages over the prior art:

[0015] 1. This invention achieves 32-channel power distribution and 32-channel power combining with each channel having a power level of 150W in the X-band, realizing an RF power signal output of more than 3000W.

[0016] 2. The present invention designs two layers of liquid cooling plates, a combiner load cooling plate, and other installation and heat dissipation structures inside the chassis to meet heat dissipation requirements. The unit has good heat dissipation and stable operation when it is working.

[0017] 3. Through modular design, this invention achieves a gain of more than 63dB for the entire link and ensures stable operation without self-oscillation.

[0018] 4. This invention includes protection functions such as over-excitation protection, high standing wave ratio protection, overcurrent protection, and imbalance protection. The protection functions are comprehensive and can protect against various abnormal working conditions, achieving high reliability in operation. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the circuit principle of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the external structure of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0021] like Figure 1 and 2 As shown, an X-band 3000W power amplifier consists of a preamplifier 1, a driver amplifier 2, a bandpass filter 3, a 32-channel power divider 4, two final stage amplifier modules 5, a 32-channel combiner 6, a bidirectional coupler 7, a waveguide sealing window 8, a low-pass filter 9, a splitter 10, a detector 11, a detector amplifier 12, a TALC control board 13, a current monitoring board 14, a power monitoring and control unit 15, a liquid-cooled enclosure 16, a cover plate 17, lugs 18, and a water connector 19.

[0022] The input RF signal is divided into 32 equal-phase paths by the driver amplifier 2, bandpass filter 3, and 32-channel power divider 4. These paths then enter 16 two-way final-stage amplifier modules 5, and the output power is synthesized by the 32-channel combiner 6. During power amplifier operation, the bidirectional coupler 7 couples out the forward power, which is then split into two paths by the low-pass filter 9 and splitter 10. One path is input to the power monitoring and control unit 15, and the other is input to the detector 11. The bidirectional coupler 7 directly inputs the reverse power to the detector 11. After passing through the detector 11, the forward and reverse coupled signals enter the detector amplifier 12, and then output electrical signals to the TALC control board 13. This board controls the electrically adjustable attenuator in the preamplifier 1 to achieve loop control, over-excitation, and high VSWR protection. Simultaneously, the power monitoring and control unit 15 can directly control the gain of the preamplifier 1, adjusting the overall link gain of the power amplifier.

[0023] Structurally, both final stage amplifier modules 5 and the 32-channel combiner 6 are attached to the cold plate of the liquid-cooled enclosure 16 for heat dissipation. The liquid-cooled enclosure 16 is installed via side lugs 18, with one side of the lug 18 fixed to the liquid-cooled enclosure 16 and the other end connected and fixed to external equipment. The liquid-cooled enclosure 16 is supplied with liquid via a water connector 19.

[0024] The preamplifier 1 internally includes a digitally controlled attenuator and an electrically adjustable attenuator to achieve gain control and loop control functions. The detector amplifier 12 can adjust the voltage amplification factor of each electrical signal via a potentiometer to adjust the loop power and protection threshold. The two final-stage amplifier modules 5 can amplify the power of the split small signals to achieve two 150W power outputs in the X-band. The 32-channel combiner 6 is in waveguide form to achieve power combining on the order of 3000W. The 32-channel combiner 6 contains 32 combiner isolation loads to achieve port isolation of the combined circuit.

[0025] The liquid-cooled enclosure 16 contains two layers of liquid-cooled plates and a combiner cold plate. Each liquid-cooled plate has four two-way final-stage amplifier modules 5 mounted on its upper and lower surfaces, connected to the 32-way combiner 6 via quick-connect connectors, and secured with quick-locking strips after installation. The waveguide isolator load is mounted on the combiner cold plate, providing good heat dissipation for the load. The cover plate 17 has a reinforced rib structure, meeting the rigidity requirements while reducing weight. When the cover plate 17 is installed on the liquid-cooled enclosure 16, it is sealed with a double-peak conductive rubber strip, reducing electromagnetic leakage and achieving watertightness. The liquid-cooled enclosure 17 is equipped with a waterproof and breathable valve to balance the internal and external pressure difference and prevent the accumulation of harmful gases inside the equipment.

[0026] In summary, this invention possesses advantages such as high output power, high gain, stable loop operation, comprehensive protection functions, and sound thermal design, meeting the application requirements of X-band broadband high-power electronic countermeasures systems. This invention operates in the X-band with a bandwidth greater than 500MHz, achieving an output power greater than or equal to 3000W and a power consumption less than or equal to 18kW in continuous wave operation. This invention is suitable for use in X-band high-power electronic countermeasures systems.

[0027] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention in any way. Any simple modifications, alterations, or equivalent structural changes made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention and within the scope of professional knowledge shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A 3000W X-band power amplifier, characterized in that, Includes a preamplifier (1), a driver amplifier (2), a bandpass filter (3), a 32-channel power divider (4), two final stage amplifier modules (5), a 32-channel combiner (6), a bidirectional coupler (7), a waveguide sealing window (8), a low-pass filter (9), a splitter (10), a detector (11), a detector amplifier (12), a TALC control board (13), a current monitoring board (14), a power monitoring and control unit (15), a liquid-cooled enclosure (16), a cover plate (17), lugs (18), and a water connector (19). The driver amplifier (2) divides the input RF signal into 32 equal-phase paths via a bandpass filter (3) and a 32-channel power divider (4), which then enter 16 two-way final stage amplifier modules (5) and combine the output power via a 32-channel combiner (6). When the power amplifier is working, the bidirectional coupler (7) couples out the forward power, which is then divided into two paths via a low-pass filter (9) and a splitter (10). One path is input to the power monitoring and control unit (15), and the other path is input to the detector (11). The bidirectional coupler (7) directly inputs the reverse power to the detector (11). After the forward and reverse coupled signals pass through the detector (11), they enter the detector amplifier (12) and then output electrical signals to the TALC control board (13). The circuit control and over-excitation and high VSWR protection functions are realized by controlling the electrically adjustable attenuator in the preamplifier (1). At the same time, the power monitoring and control unit (15) directly controls the gain of the preamplifier (1) and adjusts the link gain of the entire power amplifier. The two final stage amplifier modules (5) and the 32-channel combiner (6) are attached to the cold plate of the liquid-cooled box (16) for heat dissipation. The liquid-cooled box (16) is installed through the side lugs (18). One side of the lugs (18) is fixed to the liquid-cooled box (16), and the other end is connected and fixed to the external equipment. The liquid-cooled chassis (16) and the cover plate (17) cooperate to achieve watertight characteristics, and liquid is supplied through the water connector (19).

2. The X-band 3000W power amplifier according to claim 1, characterized in that, The preamplifier (1) contains a digitally controlled attenuator and an electrically adjustable attenuator to achieve gain control, loop control, and over-excitation and high VSWR protection.

3. The X-band 3000W power amplifier according to claim 1, characterized in that, The two-stage final amplifier modules (5) amplify the small signals after splitting to achieve two 150W power outputs in the X-band.

4. The X-band 3000W power amplifier according to claim 1, characterized in that, The 32-channel combiner (6) is in the form of a waveguide to achieve power combining at the level of 3000W; the 32-channel combiner (6) contains 32 waveguide isolated loads to achieve port isolation of the combined circuit.

5. A 3000W X-band power amplifier according to claim 1, characterized in that, The detector amplifier (12) adjusts the voltage amplification factor of each electrical signal through a potentiometer to adjust the loop power and protection threshold.

6. The X-band 3000W power amplifier according to claim 1, characterized in that, The liquid-cooled enclosure (16) contains two layers of liquid-cooled plates and a combiner cold plate; each layer of liquid-cooled plate has four two-way final stage amplifier modules (5) installed on its upper and lower sides, which are connected to the 32-way combiner (6) through quick-connect connectors. After installation, the modules are locked in place using quick-connect locking strips; the waveguide isolation load is installed on the combiner cold plate to provide heat dissipation for the load.

7. The X-band 3000W power amplifier according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cover plate (17) has a reinforcing rib structure, which meets the rigidity requirements of the cover plate while reducing weight; when the cover plate (17) is installed on the liquid cooling box (16), it is sealed by a double-peak conductive rubber strip, thereby reducing electromagnetic leakage and achieving the watertight characteristics of the box; the liquid cooling box (17) is equipped with a waterproof and breathable valve to balance the internal and external pressure difference and prevent harmful gases from accumulating in the equipment.

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