Adaptive anti-collision bluetooth fixed frequency broadcast transmission method and device

Abstract

The application relates to a self-adaptive anti-collision Bluetooth fixed-frequency broadcast transmission method and device, which are used for realizing transmission between a Bluetooth host module and a Bluetooth slave module, and the method comprises the following steps: a Bluetooth slave module scans a plurality of preset Bluetooth broadcast channels, acquires the number of the Bluetooth slave modules on each broadcast channel, and determines the broadcast channel with the least number of Bluetooth slave modules as a preferred broadcast channel; the Bluetooth slave module works on the corresponding preferred broadcast channel and sends a broadcast packet on the preferred broadcast channel, wherein the broadcast packet comprises an identifier uniquely corresponding to the Bluetooth slave module; a Bluetooth host module receives the broadcast packet and judges whether the identifier in the broadcast packet is an identifier corresponding to a target Bluetooth slave module. Compared with the prior art, the application realizes self-adaptive idle channel listening of the Bluetooth master-slave integration, designs a Bluetooth broadcast packet identifier filtering mechanism, and reduces problems such as broadcast storm and packet loss caused by simultaneous broadcast of a large number of Bluetooth slave devices.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of the Internet of Things, and in particular to an adaptive anti-collision Bluetooth fixed-frequency broadcast transmission method and device. Background Technology

[0002] Bluetooth technology has a wide range of applications, including mice, headphones, wearable products, and medical products. Due to the technical limitations of Bluetooth connections, most applications are point-to-point transmissions, meaning one Bluetooth device (e.g., headphones, wristbands, mice) communicates with one Bluetooth host (e.g., mobile phones, computers). Even in scenarios where a host connects to multiple Bluetooth devices, the number of devices is relatively small.

[0003] In the industrial manufacturing sector, there are numerous terminal devices, high real-time data upload requirements, and high data transmission concurrency. Bluetooth transmission based on connections is limited by the number of terminal devices, making it difficult to meet the demands. Bluetooth transmission based on ad-hoc networks, in concurrent data scenarios, suffers from issues such as broadcast storms leading to packet loss, also failing to meet requirements.

[0004] Chinese patent application CN201410819048.5 discloses a networking interconnection method and system based on Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE). This method involves multiple peripheral Bluetooth devices broadcasting their respective service type information (including whether multiple wireless connections are supported) to their surroundings in low-power mode. A central Bluetooth device acquires the service type information and Bluetooth address of each peripheral Bluetooth device. Each peripheral Bluetooth device sends the service address information corresponding to multiple wireless connections from its service type information to the central Bluetooth device. The central Bluetooth device generates a corresponding service list for each peripheral Bluetooth device based on its Bluetooth address, service type information, and service address information. The central Bluetooth device then enables any two Bluetooth devices to wirelessly connect according to this service list. This allows the central Bluetooth device and the multiple peripheral Bluetooth devices to interconnect and enable wireless connection services for any two devices. However, this method does not address the problem of packet loss caused by broadcast storms when a large number of Bluetooth devices are on the same broadcast channel in concurrent data scenarios.

[0005] In summary, there is currently a lack of an adaptive anti-collision Bluetooth fixed-frequency broadcast transmission method to solve the problem of packet loss caused by broadcast storms during data transmission when a large number of hosts and slaves are present. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the defects of the prior art by providing an adaptive anti-collision Bluetooth fixed-frequency broadcast transmission method and device, which can realize adaptive idle channel listening of Bluetooth master and slave devices, and reduce problems such as packet loss caused by a large number of Bluetooth slave devices broadcasting data on the same broadcast channel at the same time.

[0007] The objective of this invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0008] One aspect of the present invention provides an adaptive anti-collision Bluetooth fixed-frequency broadcast transmission method, applied to a Bluetooth slave module, for realizing transmission between a Bluetooth master module and a Bluetooth slave module, the transmission method comprising the following steps:

[0009] The Bluetooth slave module first switches to master mode, scans multiple preset Bluetooth broadcast channels, obtains the number of Bluetooth slave modules broadcasting on each broadcast channel, and determines the broadcast channel with the fewest Bluetooth slave modules as the preferred broadcast channel.

[0010] After confirming the preferred broadcast channel, the Bluetooth slave module switches to slave mode and sends a broadcast packet on the preferred broadcast channel. The broadcast packet includes a pre-set identifier that uniquely corresponds to the Bluetooth slave module, which serves as a filtering identifier in the communication process between the Bluetooth slave module and the Bluetooth master module.

[0011] As a preferred technical solution, after selecting the preferred broadcast channel, the method further includes: re-executing this step at a preset time interval to re-determine the preferred broadcast channel.

[0012] As a preferred technical solution, obtaining the number of Bluetooth slave modules on each broadcast channel includes the following steps: obtaining the broadcast packets of each Bluetooth slave module, wherein the broadcast packets include Bluetooth module ID and channel information; extracting and counting the Bluetooth module ID and channel information of each broadcast packet; and determining the preferred broadcast channel.

[0013] As a preferred technical solution, the Bluetooth slave module includes a first Bluetooth chip and a first power module, a first crystal oscillator circuit, a first antenna circuit, and a first interface circuit, which are respectively connected to the first Bluetooth chip. The first Bluetooth chip is used to determine the preferred broadcast channel, assemble the broadcast packet, and transmit it on the broadcast channel.

[0014] As a preferred technical solution, the interface circuit includes one or more of the following: TTL serial port, USB serial port, I2C serial port, SPI serial port, digital-to-analog converter, I2S interface, and IR infrared interface.

[0015] As a preferred technical solution, the identifiers in the broadcast packet include a filter identifier frame header and a filter identifier payload.

[0016] As a preferred technical solution, the broadcast packet further includes a broadcast packet type and / or Bluetooth module ID and / or channel data and / or device data.

[0017] Another aspect of the present invention provides an alternative adaptive anti-collision Bluetooth fixed-frequency broadcast transmission method, applied to a Bluetooth host module, for realizing transmission between the Bluetooth host module and the Bluetooth slave module, the transmission method comprising the following steps:

[0018] On at least one preferred broadcast channel, broadcast packets from different Bluetooth slave modules are received. It is determined whether the filter identifier in the broadcast packet is the filter identifier corresponding to the target Bluetooth slave module. If yes, the broadcast packet is saved; otherwise, the broadcast packet is discarded.

[0019] The method for determining the preferred broadcast channel is as follows:

[0020] The Bluetooth slave module first switches to master mode and scans multiple preset Bluetooth channels to determine the broadcast channel with the fewest Bluetooth slave modules as the preferred broadcast channel.

[0021] As a preferred technical solution, the Bluetooth host module includes a second Bluetooth chip and a second power module, a second crystal oscillator circuit, a second antenna circuit, and a second interface circuit, which are respectively connected to the second Bluetooth chip. The second Bluetooth chip is used to acquire the broadcast packets and filter them according to the filter identifier.

[0022] In another aspect, an electronic device is provided, including one or more processors, a memory, and one or more programs stored in the memory, said one or more programs including instructions for performing the above-described adaptive anti-collision Bluetooth fixed-frequency broadcast transmission method.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0024] (1) It realizes adaptive idle channel listening of Bluetooth master and slave integration. Before reporting data, the Bluetooth slave hardware first switches to master mode, scans multiple Bluetooth broadcast channels, calculates the number of Bluetooth slave modules broadcasting data on each channel, and confirms the idlest channel frequency; then it switches to slave mode and performs fixed-frequency broadcast transmission through the idle channel frequency. This reduces the problem of packet loss caused by a large number of Bluetooth slaves working on one or several broadcast channels at the same time.

[0025] (2) A Bluetooth broadcast packet identifier filtering mechanism was designed. A unique identifier is added to the broadcast packet, which forms a transmission network filtering identifier between the Bluetooth slave module and the Bluetooth master module. During the scanning of multi-channel broadcast packets, the Bluetooth master module uses this unique identifier to filter the broadcast packets of the Bluetooth slave, and only receives the broadcast packets of the target Bluetooth slave module, thus mitigating the problems of broadcast storms and packet loss caused by a large number of Bluetooth slave devices broadcasting data at the same time. Attached Figure Description

[0026] Figure 1 A flowchart of the adaptive anti-collision Bluetooth fixed-frequency broadcast transmission method provided in Example 1;

[0027] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the Bluetooth master-slave integrated adaptive idle channel listening algorithm in Example 1;

[0028] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the Bluetooth broadcast packet format in Example 1;

[0029] Figure 4 This is a hardware schematic diagram of the Bluetooth slave module provided in Example 2;

[0030] Figure 5 This is a hardware schematic diagram of the Bluetooth host module provided in Example 2. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0032] Example 1

[0033] like Figure 1 This embodiment provides an adaptive anti-collision Bluetooth fixed-frequency broadcast transmission method for realizing transmission between a Bluetooth host module and a Bluetooth slave module, including the following steps:

[0034] Step S1: The Bluetooth slave module first switches to master mode, scans the broadcast channel, counts the distribution of modules within the channel, and determines the preferred broadcast channel.

[0035] Step S2: The Bluetooth slave module switches from master mode to slave mode.

[0036] Step S3: Transmit a broadcast packet including a filter identifier on the preferred broadcast channel.

[0037] In step S4, the Bluetooth master module receives the broadcast packet, parses the filter identifier, which is not the ID of the Bluetooth slave module, but a filter identifier used for communication between the Bluetooth slave module and the master module, and determines whether it is the target slave.

[0038] Step S5: If yes: Receive the broadcast packet, parse the data content, and complete the transmission. If no: Discard the broadcast packet.

[0039] like Figure 2The above is a schematic diagram of an adaptive idle channel listening algorithm for Bluetooth master-slave integration. Figure 2 This is a transmission network consisting of a Bluetooth master module and 15 Bluetooth slave modules. Slave modules 1-7 broadcast data at 2402MHz, slave modules 8-13 broadcast data at 2426MHz, and slave module 14 broadcast data at 2480MHz. When a slave module collects device data, its broadcast packet includes the module ID, channel, device data, and filter identifier. When not collecting device data, the broadcast packet only contains the module ID, channel, and filter identifier. The broadcast packet transmission period is 100ms. After collecting device data, slave module 15 switches to Bluetooth master mode and performs a 2-second scan. It deduplicates and counts the scanned module IDs and channels, finding that 7 slave modules are active on the 2402MHz channel, 6 on the 2426MHz channel, and only 1 on the 2480MHz channel. Therefore, slave module 15 calculates that the least active channel is 2480MHz. Bluetooth slave module 15 switches to slave mode and broadcasts at a fixed frequency of 2480MHz.

[0040] like Figure 3 The above is a schematic diagram of the Bluetooth broadcast packet filtering identifier in this embodiment. Traditional Bluetooth broadcast packets only contain the broadcast packet type; the Bluetooth broadcast packet format designed in this embodiment is as follows: Figure 3 As shown, the broadcast packet contains the broadcast packet type, data (including modulo ID, channel and device data), and filter identifier.

[0041] Filtering Identifier: A filtering identifier is set in the last four bytes of the broadcast packet. The same filtering identifier is used between the Bluetooth master module and the target Bluetooth slave module. When the Bluetooth master module scans, it filters the packets using this identifier, effectively filtering out broadcast packets from non-target Bluetooth slave modules and reducing the risk of packet loss caused by Bluetooth broadcast storms. This technology is significant in industrial settings. For example, consider two adjacent production lines 1 and 2. Bluetooth master module 1 collects data from 30 Bluetooth slave modules on production line 1, and Bluetooth master module 2 collects data from 30 Bluetooth slave modules on production line 2. By setting different filtering identifiers, Bluetooth master module 1 will only receive broadcast packets from Bluetooth slave modules on production line 1, and Bluetooth master module 2 will only receive broadcast packets from Bluetooth slave modules on production line 2, effectively avoiding interference.

[0042] Data fields: These include the module ID, channel, and device data. The module ID and channel are used for adaptive idle channel listening in a master-slave configuration to determine the fixed-frequency transmission channel. When the Bluetooth slave module is not collecting device data, the data fields only contain the module ID and channel.

[0043] Example 2

[0044] This embodiment provides an adaptive anti-collision Bluetooth fixed-frequency broadcast transmission device, including a Bluetooth master module and multiple Bluetooth slave modules.

[0045] like Figure 4 , Figure 5 The figures shown are hardware diagrams of the Bluetooth slave module and the Bluetooth master module, respectively. The Bluetooth slave module connects to industrial field terminal equipment and collects equipment data. Industrial field equipment is diverse and has various interfaces. Therefore, the design of the Bluetooth slave module includes interfaces such as single-bus, TTL serial port, I2C interface, SPI interface, analog-to-digital converter (ADC) interface, I2S audio interface, IR infrared interface, and USB interface. This invention designs three algorithm mechanisms for the Bluetooth slave module, including: adaptive idle channel listening in integrated Bluetooth master-slave configuration, Bluetooth fixed-frequency broadcasting, and Bluetooth broadcast packet filtering identifiers.

[0046] In industrial settings, the Bluetooth master module needs to collect data from dozens of Bluetooth slave modules, thus requiring a sufficiently long coverage range. The Bluetooth master module incorporates a power amplifier circuit, enabling it to achieve a transmit power of 20dBm, significantly exceeding the less than 10dBm transmit power of traditional Bluetooth modules. This embodiment incorporates two algorithmic mechanisms for the Bluetooth master module: Bluetooth multi-channel broadcast scanning and Bluetooth broadcast packet identifier filtering.

[0047] To address the needs of industrial manufacturing, this embodiment proposes an adaptive anti-collision Bluetooth fixed-frequency broadcast transmission method. This method comprises two hardware components: a Bluetooth master module and a Bluetooth slave module. The Bluetooth slave selects an idle channel frequency through adaptive channel listening (master-slave integrated system) and broadcasts data at that frequency. The Bluetooth master receives data uploaded by multiple Bluetooth slaves through a multi-channel scanning and filtering mechanism. This technology has the following innovative aspects:

[0048] Bluetooth Master-Slave Integrated Adaptive Idle Channel Listening: The master-slave integration is implemented in software on the Bluetooth slave hardware. Before data reporting, it switches to master mode, scans multiple Bluetooth broadcast channels, calculates the number of Bluetooth slave modules broadcasting data on each channel, and identifies the least idle channel frequency. Then, it switches to slave mode and performs fixed-frequency broadcast transmission using this idle channel frequency.

[0049] Bluetooth broadcast packet identifier filtering mechanism: A 4-byte unique filter identifier field is added to the broadcast packet. This identifier forms a transmission network filtering identifier between the Bluetooth slave module and the Bluetooth master module. During the scanning of multi-channel broadcast packets, the Bluetooth master module uses this unique identifier to filter the broadcast packets of the Bluetooth slave modules, accepting only the broadcast packets of the target Bluetooth slave module, thus avoiding broadcast storms and packet loss caused by a large number of Bluetooth slave devices broadcasting data simultaneously.

[0050] This embodiment implements a single Bluetooth master module that simultaneously collects data from dozens of Bluetooth slave modules. The Bluetooth slave modules function as both master and slave, listening for idle Bluetooth broadcast channels and broadcasting at a fixed frequency. An identifier filtering mechanism between the Bluetooth master module and multiple Bluetooth slave modules effectively avoids broadcast interference from a large number of non-target Bluetooth slave modules.

[0051] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of various equivalent modifications or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention, and these modifications or substitutions should all be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. An adaptive anti-collision Bluetooth fixed-frequency broadcast transmission method, characterized in that, To enable data transmission between the Bluetooth master module and the Bluetooth slave module, the Bluetooth slave module performs the following steps: The Bluetooth slave module first switches to master mode, scans multiple preset Bluetooth broadcast channels, obtains the number of Bluetooth slave modules broadcasting on each broadcast channel, and determines the broadcast channel with the fewest Bluetooth slave modules as the preferred broadcast channel. After confirming the preferred broadcast channel, the Bluetooth slave module switches to slave mode and sends a broadcast packet on the preferred broadcast channel. The broadcast packet includes a pre-set identifier that uniquely corresponds to the Bluetooth slave module, serving as a filtering identifier during the communication process between the Bluetooth slave module and the Bluetooth master module. The Bluetooth host module performs the following steps: On at least one preferred broadcast channel, broadcast packets from different Bluetooth slave modules are received. It is determined whether the filter identifier in the broadcast packet is the filter identifier corresponding to the target Bluetooth slave module. If yes, the broadcast packet is saved; otherwise, the broadcast packet is discarded. The method for determining the preferred broadcast channel is as follows: The Bluetooth slave module first switches to master mode, and then scans multiple preset Bluetooth channels to determine the broadcast channel with the fewest Bluetooth slave modules as the preferred broadcast channel. The identifiers in the broadcast packet include the filter identifier header and the filter identifier payload. The broadcast packet also includes broadcast packet type and / or Bluetooth module ID and / or channel data and / or device data.

2. The adaptive anti-collision Bluetooth fixed-frequency broadcast transmission method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Following the description of the preferred broadcast channel, it also includes: This step is repeated at preset intervals to redetermine the preferred broadcast channel.

3. The adaptive anti-collision Bluetooth fixed-frequency broadcast transmission method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The process of obtaining the number of Bluetooth slave modules on each of the broadcast channels includes the following steps: The broadcast packets of each Bluetooth slave module are obtained. The broadcast packets include Bluetooth module ID and channel information. The Bluetooth module ID and channel information of each broadcast packet are extracted and counted to determine the preferred broadcast channel.

4. The adaptive anti-collision Bluetooth fixed-frequency broadcast transmission method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The Bluetooth slave module includes a first Bluetooth chip and a first power module, a first crystal oscillator circuit, a first antenna circuit, and a first interface circuit, all connected to the first Bluetooth chip. The first Bluetooth chip is used to determine the preferred broadcast channel, assemble the broadcast packet, and transmit it on the broadcast channel.

5. The adaptive anti-collision Bluetooth fixed-frequency broadcast transmission method according to claim 4, characterized in that, The interface circuit includes one or more of the following: TTL serial port, USB serial port, I2C serial port, SPI serial port, digital-to-analog converter, I2S interface, and IR infrared interface.

6. The adaptive anti-collision Bluetooth fixed-frequency broadcast transmission method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The Bluetooth host module includes a second Bluetooth chip and a second power module, a second crystal oscillator circuit, a second antenna circuit, and a second interface circuit, all connected to the second Bluetooth chip. The second Bluetooth chip is used to acquire the broadcast packets and filter them according to the filter identifier.

7. An electronic device, characterized in that, It includes one or more processors, memory, and one or more programs stored in the memory, said one or more programs including instructions for performing the adaptive anti-collision Bluetooth fixed-frequency broadcast transmission method as described in any one of claims 1-6.

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