Hydrogen fuel cell energy control method, device and vehicle

Abstract

The present disclosure relates to a hydrogen fuel cell energy control method, device and vehicle, comprising: obtaining an instantaneous demand power in a current time period and an actual instantaneous output power of a hydrogen fuel cell system, wherein the instantaneous demand power is a whole vehicle instantaneous demand power or a motor instantaneous demand power; determining a demand power sum in the current time period and an actual output power sum of the hydrogen fuel cell system according to the instantaneous demand power and the actual instantaneous output power respectively; determining a ratio of the demand power sum to the actual output power sum; and controlling the output power of the hydrogen fuel cell system according to the ratio. According to the adjustment of the output power of the hydrogen fuel cell system by the instantaneous demand power sum and the actual output power sum, the problem of frequent load changes of the hydrogen fuel cell caused by the output power of the hydrogen fuel cell system following the changes of the whole vehicle power demand is solved, and the health state of the hydrogen fuel cell is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure relates to the field of hydrogen fuel cells, and more specifically, to a hydrogen fuel cell energy control method, apparatus, and vehicle. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of hydrogen fuel cell vehicles, improving battery life and operational stability is crucial. However, the power distribution strategies commonly used in hydrogen fuel cell vehicles currently suffer from defects that affect battery life or reduce the health of core components. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To address the problems existing in related technologies, the purpose of this disclosure is to provide a hydrogen fuel cell energy control method, device, and vehicle.

[0004] According to a first aspect of the present disclosure, a hydrogen fuel cell energy control method is provided, comprising: acquiring the instantaneous power demand and the actual instantaneous output power of the hydrogen fuel cell system within the current time period, wherein the instantaneous power demand is the instantaneous power demand of the whole vehicle or the instantaneous power demand of the motor;

[0005] Based on the instantaneous power demand and the actual instantaneous output power, the total power demand within the current time period and the total actual output power of the hydrogen fuel cell system are determined respectively; the ratio of the total power demand to the total actual output power is determined; and the output power of the hydrogen fuel cell system is controlled according to the ratio.

[0006] Optionally, controlling the output power of the hydrogen fuel cell system according to the ratio includes: when the ratio meets a preset condition, determining the target output power of the hydrogen fuel cell system based on the instantaneous demand power last obtained in the current time period and a preset power gain.

[0007] The output power of the hydrogen fuel cell system is controlled according to the target output power.

[0008] Optionally, when the ratio satisfies a preset condition, determining the target output power of the hydrogen fuel cell system based on the last instantaneous demand power obtained in the current time period and a preset power gain includes: when the ratio is greater than a preset threshold, increasing the power gain by the last instantaneous demand power obtained in the current time period to obtain the target output power of the hydrogen fuel cell system.

[0009] Optionally, when the ratio satisfies a preset condition, determining the target output power of the hydrogen fuel cell system based on the last instantaneous demand power obtained in the current time period and a preset power gain includes: when the ratio is less than a preset threshold, subtracting the power gain from the last instantaneous demand power obtained in the current time period to obtain the target output power of the hydrogen fuel cell system.

[0010] Optionally, the method further includes: obtaining the requested load change frequency of the hydrogen fuel cell within the current time period; if the requested load change frequency of the hydrogen fuel cell within the current time period is greater than or equal to the theoretical load change frequency of the hydrogen fuel cell within the current time period, then adjusting the requested load change frequency of the hydrogen fuel cell to a fixed load change frequency, wherein the theoretical load change frequency is the product of the fixed load change frequency and the duration of the current time period.

[0011] Optionally, the method further includes: determining the power change of the hydrogen fuel cell system based on the actual instantaneous output power and the corresponding instantaneous demand power, and determining the total power change of the hydrogen fuel cell system within the current time period based on the power change of the hydrogen fuel cell system; if the total power change of the hydrogen fuel cell system within the current time period is greater than or equal to a preset total power change, then adjusting the requested load frequency of the hydrogen fuel cell to a fixed load frequency.

[0012] According to a second aspect of the present disclosure, a hydrogen fuel cell energy control device is provided, comprising: a first acquisition module, configured to acquire the instantaneous power demand and the actual instantaneous output power of the hydrogen fuel cell system within a current time period, wherein the instantaneous power demand is the instantaneous power demand of a vehicle or the instantaneous power demand of a motor; a first determination module, configured to determine the sum of the power demand within the current time period and the sum of the actual output power of the hydrogen fuel cell system based on the instantaneous power demand and the actual instantaneous output power, respectively; a second determination module, configured to determine the ratio of the sum of the power demand to the sum of the actual output power; and a control module, configured to control the output power of the hydrogen fuel cell system based on the ratio.

[0013] Optionally, the device further includes: a second acquisition module, configured to acquire the requested load change frequency of the hydrogen fuel cell within the current time period; and a first adjustment module, configured to adjust the requested load change frequency of the hydrogen fuel cell to a fixed load change frequency if the requested load change frequency of the hydrogen fuel cell within the current time period is greater than or equal to the theoretical load change frequency of the hydrogen fuel cell within the current time period, wherein the theoretical load change frequency is the product of the fixed load change frequency and the duration of the current time period.

[0014] Optionally, the device further includes: a third determining module, configured to determine the power change of the hydrogen fuel cell system based on the actual instantaneous output power and the corresponding instantaneous demand power, and to determine the total power change of the hydrogen fuel cell system within the current time period based on the power change of the hydrogen fuel cell system; and a second adjusting module, configured to adjust the requested load frequency of the hydrogen fuel cell to a fixed load frequency if the total power change of the hydrogen fuel cell system within the current time period is greater than or equal to a preset total power change.

[0015] According to a third aspect of the present disclosure, a vehicle is provided, comprising: a generator, an engine, a hydrogen fuel cell, a vehicle controller, and a drive motor; wherein the generator is connected to both the hydrogen fuel cell and the engine, and is used to generate electricity under the drive of the engine to charge the hydrogen fuel cell; the hydrogen fuel cell is connected to the drive motor and is used to drive the drive motor to drive the vehicle; the vehicle controller is used to execute the hydrogen fuel cell energy control method provided in the first aspect of the present disclosure.

[0016] The above technical solution adjusts the output power of the hydrogen fuel cell system based on the sum of instantaneous demand power and the sum of actual output power, thus solving the problem of frequent load changes in hydrogen fuel cells caused by the output power of the hydrogen fuel cell system being dominated by the power demand of the vehicle, and improving the health status of the hydrogen fuel cell.

[0017] Other features and advantages of this disclosure will be described in detail in the following detailed description section. Attached Figure Description

[0018] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate the present disclosure and form part of the specification. They are used together with the following detailed description to explain the present disclosure, but do not constitute a limitation thereof. In the drawings:

[0019] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of an exemplary embodiment of a hydrogen fuel cell energy control method provided in this disclosure.

[0020] Figure 2 This is a block diagram of a hydrogen fuel cell energy control device provided in another exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The specific embodiments of this disclosure will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for illustration and explanation only and are not intended to limit this disclosure.

[0022] Figure 1This is a flowchart illustrating an exemplary embodiment of a hydrogen fuel cell energy control method provided in this disclosure. This method can be applied to a vehicle controller. Figure 1 As shown, the method may include the following S101-S104.

[0023] In S101, the instantaneous power demand and the actual instantaneous output power of the hydrogen fuel cell system within the current time period are obtained. The instantaneous power demand is either the instantaneous power demand of the whole vehicle or the instantaneous power demand of the motor.

[0024] In S102, the total demand power and the total actual output power of the hydrogen fuel cell system within the current time period are determined based on the instantaneous demand power and the actual instantaneous output power, respectively.

[0025] In S103, the ratio of the total demand power to the total actual output power is determined.

[0026] In S104, the output power of the hydrogen fuel cell system is controlled according to the ratio.

[0027] The instantaneous demand power and the actual instantaneous output power are continuously acquired within the current time period. By summing all the instantaneous demand power and all the actual instantaneous output power acquired within the current time period, we can obtain the total demand power and the total actual output power of the hydrogen fuel cell system within the current time period.

[0028] The time period can be determined based on different vehicle conditions and usage patterns. For example, when the vehicle is a bus, the time period can be set relatively longer. Conversely, if the vehicle frequently travels in complex road conditions, the time period can be set relatively shorter. At the end of each time period, the vehicle controller executes the steps of the aforementioned hydrogen fuel cell energy control method once to achieve real-time, dynamic control of the hydrogen fuel cell system's output power.

[0029] The ratio of the total demand power to the total actual output power represents the numerical relationship between the two. When the ratio is too large, it indicates that the actual output power cannot meet the demand power requirements, and the hydrogen fuel cell system cannot operate normally. In this case, the actual output power needs to be compensated by increasing it to meet the demand power requirements. When the ratio is too small, it indicates that the actual output power exceeds the demand power requirements, and the hydrogen fuel cell system will be in a state of frequent high-rate, high-flux charging and discharging, affecting battery life. Therefore, the actual output power needs to be compensated by decreasing it to meet the demand power requirements. This way, the actual output power is no longer completely controlled by the demand power, thus allowing the hydrogen fuel cell system to operate in a more stable state. At this time, the load variation frequency of the hydrogen fuel cell will be more stable.

[0030] In this embodiment, the battery output power is adjusted according to the total power demand of the vehicle and the total battery output power, which solves the problem of frequent load changes in hydrogen fuel cells caused by the battery output power being dominated by the power demand of the vehicle, and improves the health status of hydrogen fuel cells.

[0031] In at least one embodiment of this disclosure, controlling the output power of a hydrogen fuel cell system according to a ratio includes: when the ratio meets a preset condition, determining the target output power of the hydrogen fuel cell system based on the instantaneous demand power last obtained in the current time period and a preset power gain; and controlling the output power of the hydrogen fuel cell system according to the target output power.

[0032] When the ratio meets the preset condition, it indicates that the actual output power does not meet the required power, and the hydrogen fuel cell system cannot operate normally. The actual output power will constantly change due to the influence of the required power, leading to frequent load changes in the hydrogen fuel cell system and affecting battery life. Therefore, it is necessary to adjust the output power of the hydrogen fuel cell system according to the preset power gain to ensure that the actual output power meets the required power.

[0033] In this embodiment, controlling the output power of the hydrogen fuel cell system according to the target output power can prevent the output power of the hydrogen fuel cell system from being completely determined by the power demand of the vehicle, thereby avoiding excessively frequent load changes in the hydrogen fuel cell system and improving the health status of the hydrogen fuel cell.

[0034] In at least one embodiment of this disclosure, when the ratio meets a preset condition, the target output power of the hydrogen fuel cell system is determined based on the last instantaneous demand power obtained in the current time period and a preset power gain amount, including: when the ratio is greater than a preset threshold, increasing the power gain amount of the last instantaneous demand power obtained in the current time period to obtain the target output power of the hydrogen fuel cell system.

[0035] For example, when P1 / P2 > a, the following equation (1) holds.

[0036] P3 = P4 + ΔP (1)

[0037] Wherein, P1 is the total demand power, P2 is the total actual output power of the hydrogen fuel cell system, P3 is the target output power of the hydrogen fuel cell system, P4 is the instantaneous demand power obtained last in the current time period, ΔP is the power gain, and a is the preset threshold. Both ΔP and a are determined according to the hydrogen fuel cell system and its specific usage. The value of ΔP can be set to 5-20kW, and the value of a can be set to (0, 2).

[0038] In this embodiment, the ratio of the total demand power to the total actual output power is calculated. When the ratio is greater than a preset threshold, it indicates that the total demand power is greater than the total actual output power of the hydrogen fuel cell system. The actual output power will change continuously due to the influence of the demand power, which will cause frequent load changes in the hydrogen fuel cell system. Therefore, it is necessary to compensate for the total actual output power of the hydrogen fuel cell system by adding a power gain. This can make the actual output power value more accurate, avoid the problem of frequent load changes in the hydrogen fuel cell system, and thus improve the health status of the hydrogen fuel cell.

[0039] In at least one embodiment of this disclosure, when the ratio meets a preset condition, the target output power of the hydrogen fuel cell system is determined based on the last instantaneous demand power obtained in the current time period and a preset power gain, including: when the ratio is less than a preset threshold, subtracting the power gain from the last instantaneous demand power obtained in the current time period to obtain the target output power of the hydrogen fuel cell system.

[0040] For example, when P1 / P2 < a, the following equation (2) holds.

[0041] P3 = P4 - ΔP (2)

[0042] In this embodiment, by calculating the ratio of the total demand power to the total actual output power, when the ratio is less than a preset threshold, it indicates that the total demand power is less than the total actual output power of the hydrogen fuel cell system. If the total actual output power of the hydrogen fuel cell system is too large, it will affect the stability of the hydrogen fuel cell system. Therefore, it is necessary to compensate for the total actual output power of the hydrogen fuel cell system by subtracting a power gain. This can make the actual output power value more accurate, thereby improving the health status of the hydrogen fuel cell.

[0043] In at least one embodiment of this disclosure, the method further includes: obtaining the requested load change frequency of the hydrogen fuel cell in the current time period; if the requested load change frequency of the hydrogen fuel cell in the current time period is greater than or equal to the theoretical load change frequency of the hydrogen fuel cell in the current time period, then adjusting the requested load change frequency of the hydrogen fuel cell to a fixed load change frequency, wherein the theoretical load change frequency is the product of the fixed load change frequency and the duration of the current time period.

[0044] For example, when f1 ≥ n0, the hydrogen fuel cell controller reduces the requested load change frequency to a fixed load change frequency, where f1 is the requested load change frequency and n0 is the theoretical load change frequency, which is equal to the product of the fixed load change frequency and the duration of the current time period. The requested load change frequency can be calculated from statistics obtained by the vehicle controller or the hydrogen fuel cell controller, for example, it is the product of the requested load change frequency and the duration of the current time period.

[0045] In hydrogen fuel cell systems, excessively high load change requests indicate that the system is experiencing excessively frequent load changes. This leads to frequent variations in the internal temperature, humidity, and mechanical stress fields of the fuel cell stack, requiring rapid responses from components. Consequently, it degrades the health of the stack materials, the stack itself, and its core components. In this embodiment, the load change frequency is improved based on the requested load change frequency and a fixed load change frequency. When the requested load change frequency is excessive, the hydrogen fuel cell controller reduces it to a fixed frequency, avoiding the problem of frequent load changes, improving the durability of the hydrogen fuel cell system, and ultimately enhancing the health of the fuel cell.

[0046] In at least one embodiment of this disclosure, the method further includes: determining the total power change of the hydrogen fuel cell system in the current time period based on the total demand power in the current time period and the total actual output power of the hydrogen fuel cell system; if the total power change of the hydrogen fuel cell system in the current time period is greater than or equal to a preset total power change, then adjusting the requested load frequency of the hydrogen fuel cell to a fixed load frequency.

[0047] For example, when ΔP all When ≥P0, the requested load frequency of the hydrogen fuel cell is reduced to a fixed load frequency by the hydrogen fuel cell controller, where ΔP all P0 represents the total power change of the hydrogen fuel cell system, where P0 is the preset total power change.

[0048] For example, the total power variation of a hydrogen fuel cell system can be determined by the following equation (3).

[0049] ΔP all =P3﹣P4(3)

[0050] In a hydrogen fuel cell system, when the total power variation is too large, it indicates that the power variation is too frequent. Since power variation in a hydrogen fuel cell system has a significant impact on frequency, it can cause frequent load changes in the hydrogen fuel cell system, reducing the health of the stack materials, the stack itself, and core components. In this embodiment, the load change frequency of the battery is improved based on the perspective of power variation, which can make the battery adjust the load change frequency more accurately, thereby improving the health of the hydrogen fuel cell.

[0051] Figure 2 This is a block diagram of a hydrogen fuel cell energy control device 200 provided in an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, comprising:

[0052] The first acquisition module 201 is used to acquire the instantaneous power demand and the actual instantaneous output power of the hydrogen fuel cell system within the current time period, wherein the instantaneous power demand is the instantaneous power demand of the whole vehicle or the instantaneous power demand of the motor.

[0053] The first determining module 202 is used to determine the total demand power and the total actual output power of the hydrogen fuel cell system within the current time period based on the instantaneous demand power and the actual instantaneous output power, respectively.

[0054] The second determining module 203 is used to determine the ratio of the total demand power to the total actual output power;

[0055] The control module 204 is used to control the output power of the hydrogen fuel cell system according to the ratio.

[0056] In this embodiment, the output power of the hydrogen fuel cell system is adjusted based on the sum of instantaneous demand power and the sum of actual output power. This solves the problem of frequent load changes in the hydrogen fuel cell caused by the output power of the hydrogen fuel cell system being dominated by the power demand of the vehicle, and improves the health status of the hydrogen fuel cell.

[0057] Optionally, the control module 204 includes:

[0058] The first determining submodule is used to determine the target output power of the hydrogen fuel cell system based on the instantaneous demand power last obtained in the current time period and the preset power gain when the ratio meets the preset conditions.

[0059] The first control submodule is used to control the output power of the hydrogen fuel cell system according to the target output power.

[0060] Optionally, the first determining submodule includes:

[0061] The first calculation submodule is used to increase the power gain by the last instantaneous demand power obtained in the current time period when the ratio is greater than a preset threshold, so as to obtain the target output power of the hydrogen fuel cell system.

[0062] Optionally, the first determining submodule includes:

[0063] The second calculation submodule is used to subtract the power gain from the last instantaneous demand power obtained in the current time period when the ratio is less than a preset threshold, so as to obtain the target output power of the hydrogen fuel cell system.

[0064] In at least one embodiment, the device 200 further includes:

[0065] The second acquisition module is used to acquire the frequency of requested load changes of the hydrogen fuel cell within the current time period;

[0066] The first adjustment module is used to adjust the requested load change frequency of the hydrogen fuel cell to a fixed load change frequency if the requested load change frequency of the hydrogen fuel cell in the current time period is greater than or equal to the theoretical load change frequency of the hydrogen fuel cell in the current time period, wherein the theoretical load change frequency is the product of the fixed load change frequency and the duration of the current time period.

[0067] In at least one embodiment, the device 200 further includes:

[0068] The third determining module is used to determine the total power change of the hydrogen fuel cell system in the current time period based on the total demand power in the current time period and the total actual output power of the hydrogen fuel cell system.

[0069] The second adjustment module is used to adjust the requested load frequency of the hydrogen fuel cell to a fixed load frequency if the total power change of the hydrogen fuel cell system within the current time period is greater than or equal to a preset total power change.

[0070] According to another exemplary embodiment of this disclosure, a vehicle is provided, including: a generator, an engine, a hydrogen fuel cell, a vehicle controller, and a drive motor;

[0071] The generator is connected to both the hydrogen fuel cell and the engine, and is used to generate electricity under the drive of the engine to charge the hydrogen fuel cell.

[0072] Hydrogen fuel cells are connected to a drive motor to power the vehicle.

[0073] The vehicle controller is used to execute the hydrogen fuel cell energy control method provided in this disclosure.

[0074] The preferred embodiments of this disclosure have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, this disclosure is not limited to the specific details of the above embodiments. Within the scope of the technical concept of this disclosure, various simple modifications can be made to the technical solutions of this disclosure, and these simple modifications all fall within the protection scope of this disclosure.

[0075] It should also be noted that the various specific technical features described in the above specific embodiments can be combined in any suitable manner without contradiction. In order to avoid unnecessary repetition, this disclosure will not describe the various possible combinations separately.

[0076] Furthermore, various different embodiments of this disclosure can be combined in any way, as long as they do not violate the spirit of this disclosure, they should also be regarded as the content disclosed in this disclosure.

Claims

1. A method for energy control of a hydrogen fuel cell, characterized in that, include: The instantaneous power demand and the actual instantaneous output power of the hydrogen fuel cell system within the current time period are obtained, wherein the instantaneous power demand is either the instantaneous power demand of the entire vehicle or the instantaneous power demand of the motor. Based on the instantaneous power demand and the actual instantaneous output power, the total power demand within the current time period and the total actual output power of the hydrogen fuel cell system are determined respectively. Determine the ratio of the total required power to the total actual output power; The output power of the hydrogen fuel cell system is controlled according to the ratio.

2. The hydrogen fuel cell energy control method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Controlling the output power of the hydrogen fuel cell system according to the ratio includes: When the ratio meets the preset conditions, the target output power of the hydrogen fuel cell system is determined based on the instantaneous demand power last obtained in the current time period and the preset power gain. The output power of the hydrogen fuel cell system is controlled according to the target output power.

3. The hydrogen fuel cell energy control method according to claim 2, characterized in that, When the ratio meets a preset condition, the target output power of the hydrogen fuel cell system is determined based on the last instantaneous power demand obtained within the current time period and a preset power gain, including: When the ratio is greater than a preset threshold, the instantaneous demand power obtained last in the current time period is increased by the power gain to obtain the target output power of the hydrogen fuel cell system.

4. The hydrogen fuel cell energy control method according to claim 2, characterized in that, When the ratio meets a preset condition, the target output power of the hydrogen fuel cell system is determined based on the last instantaneous power demand obtained within the current time period and a preset power gain, including: When the ratio is less than a preset threshold, the power gain is subtracted from the instantaneous demand power last obtained in the current time period to obtain the target output power of the hydrogen fuel cell system.

5. The hydrogen fuel cell energy control method according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, The method further includes: Obtain the frequency of requested load changes for the hydrogen fuel cell within the current time period; If the requested load change frequency of the hydrogen fuel cell in the current time period is greater than or equal to the theoretical load change frequency of the hydrogen fuel cell in the current time period, then the requested load change frequency of the hydrogen fuel cell is adjusted to a fixed load change frequency, wherein the theoretical load change frequency is the product of the fixed load change frequency and the duration of the current time period.

6. The hydrogen fuel cell energy control method according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, The method further includes: Based on the total demand power within the current time period and the total actual output power of the hydrogen fuel cell system, determine the total power change of the hydrogen fuel cell system within the current time period; If the total power change of the hydrogen fuel cell system within the current time period is greater than or equal to the preset total power change, then the requested load change frequency of the hydrogen fuel cell will be adjusted to a fixed load change frequency.

7. A hydrogen fuel cell energy control device, characterized in that, include: The first acquisition module is used to acquire the instantaneous power demand and the actual instantaneous output power of the hydrogen fuel cell system within the current time period, wherein the instantaneous power demand is the instantaneous power demand of the whole vehicle or the instantaneous power demand of the motor. The first determining module is used to determine the total demand power and the total actual output power of the hydrogen fuel cell system within the current time period based on the instantaneous demand power and the actual instantaneous output power, respectively. The second determining module is used to determine the ratio of the total demand power to the total actual output power; A control module is used to control the output power of the hydrogen fuel cell system according to the ratio.

8. The hydrogen fuel cell energy control device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The device further includes: The second acquisition module is used to acquire the frequency of requested load changes of the hydrogen fuel cell within the current time period; The first adjustment module is used to adjust the requested load change frequency of the hydrogen fuel cell to a fixed load change frequency if the requested load change frequency of the hydrogen fuel cell in the current time period is greater than or equal to the theoretical load change frequency of the hydrogen fuel cell in the current time period, wherein the theoretical load change frequency is the product of the fixed load change frequency and the duration of the current time period.

9. The hydrogen fuel cell energy control device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The device further includes: The third determining module is used to determine the total power change of the hydrogen fuel cell system in the current time period based on the total demand power in the current time period and the total actual output power of the hydrogen fuel cell system. The second adjustment module is used to adjust the requested load frequency of the hydrogen fuel cell to a fixed load frequency if the total power change of the hydrogen fuel cell system within the current time period is greater than or equal to a preset total power change.

10. A vehicle, characterized in that, include: Hydrogen fuel cells, vehicle controllers, and drive motors; The hydrogen fuel cell is connected to the drive motor and is used to drive the drive motor to drive the vehicle. The vehicle controller is used to execute the hydrogen fuel cell energy control method according to any one of claims 1-6.

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