An adaptive pressure balancing device and its usage method

Abstract

This invention discloses an adaptive pressure balancing device and its usage method, comprising a reaction liquid filling pump, wherein the top of the reaction liquid filling pump is equipped with a piston and the bottom has multiple liquid spray holes, and the pump body of the reaction liquid filling pump is filled with a reaction liquid; a reaction vessel, which is mounted on a watertight structure, and the reaction vessel is filled with a reactive solid that can chemically react with the reaction liquid to generate gas, the reaction vessel being connected to the spray holes at the bottom of the reaction liquid filling pump and the reaction liquid being injected into the reaction vessel through the piston. This invention has a lightweight structure, can achieve adaptive pressure compensation at greater water depths with a slight increase in the weight of the mechanism, is highly autonomous, easy to use, and has broad application prospects.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of underwater acoustic transducer technology, specifically relating to an adaptive pressure balancing device and its usage method. Background Technology

[0002] As the operating water depth increases, the underwater pressure on a watertight structure also increases. When the pressure exceeds the strength limit of the watertight structure, it will be damaged, lose its watertightness, and cease normal operation. Watertight structures primarily improve their pressure resistance by reinforcing their structure or injecting liquid or gas internally, but all these methods have drawbacks, limiting their application. Increasing the thickness of the sealing shell to improve hydrostatic pressure resistance is simple and convenient, but it often significantly increases the structural weight, raising manufacturing costs and greatly reducing the convenience of handling and deployment. Injecting liquid into the watertight structure, utilizing the liquid's incompressibility, can greatly improve its hydrostatic pressure resistance, even enabling operation at full ocean depth. However, filling with liquid also significantly increases the structure's weight. Some low-frequency underwater acoustic transducers require large volume displacement to achieve high-power low-frequency radiation, but the incompressibility of liquid severely hinders this large displacement radiation, preventing the transducer from functioning properly. Gas pressure compensation to increase the working water depth of a watertight structure is a common pressure compensation method for low-frequency transducers. Typically, a certain amount of gas is filled inside the transducer. To increase the gas volume, a large-volume airbag is installed at the tail of the transducer. During the lowering of the transducer, the airbag is compressed externally to reduce the gas volume and increase the internal pressure of the structure, achieving pressure balance between the inside and outside. Due to the compressibility of gas, the compensation effect of the airbag is very limited and cannot achieve pressure compensation at great water depths. Pressure compensation can be achieved by continuously filling the watertight structure with air through an air pipe at the water surface. This method can achieve pressure compensation at greater water depths, but it is complex to operate and has limited application scenarios.

[0003] In conclusion, it is essential to design a device that is lightweight, easy to operate, and capable of compensating for pressure at greater water depths. This is also a technical problem that urgently needs to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an adaptive pressure balancing device and its usage method, which ensures the internal and external pressure balance of the watertight structure by adding an adaptive pressure balancing device that can adjust the internal pressure of the structure to the watertight structure.

[0005] The technical solution of the present invention is to provide an adaptive pressure balancing device, comprising:

[0006] A reaction liquid filling pump, wherein a piston is provided at the top of the reaction liquid filling pump and multiple liquid spray holes are opened at the bottom, and the pump body of the reaction liquid filling pump is filled with reaction liquid;

[0007] A reaction vessel is installed on a watertight structure. The reaction vessel is filled with a reactive solid that can chemically react with the reaction liquid to generate gas. The reaction vessel is connected to the spray hole at the bottom of the reaction liquid filling pump and the reaction liquid can be injected into the reaction vessel through the piston. The reaction vessel is also provided with an exhaust hole, which is connected to the inner cavity of the watertight structure.

[0008] Preferably, the reaction solution is water, and the reaction solid is a mixture of AlCl3 and Na2CO3. Specifically, the chemical formula for the reaction is 2AlCl3 + 3Na2CO3 + 3H2O = 6NaCl + 2Al(OH)3 + 3CO2. The generated CO2 alters the pressure within the watertight structure.

[0009] Alternatively, the reaction solution may be dilute hydrochloric acid, and the reaction solid may be Na₂CO₃. The concentration of the dilute hydrochloric acid is in the known range of 18-25%, preferably 20%.

[0010] In practical use, chemical reactants can be selected appropriately according to the usage environment, taking into full account factors such as flammability, explosiveness, thermal conductivity, electrical conductivity, and chemical corrosion, to ensure the safety and reliability of pressure compensation.

[0011] Preferably, the reaction liquid filling pump is fixed to the reaction vessel via a flange, and the reaction vessel is mounted on the watertight structure via a flange.

[0012] Preferably, for ease of installation, the watertight structure has a protruding installation interface, into which the reactor is inserted.

[0013] Furthermore, the present invention also provides a method of using the adaptive pressure balancing device as described above, comprising the following steps:

[0014] First, place the watertight structure in the designated location;

[0015] Then, during the sinking process of the watertight structure, the external water pressure pushes the piston downward, and the reaction liquid is sprayed into the reaction vessel through the spray hole at the bottom of the reaction liquid filling pump. The reaction liquid reacts chemically with the reaction solid to produce gas.

[0016] Next, the generated gas enters the watertight structure through the exhaust port of the reactor, changing the internal pressure of the watertight structure. When the pressure inside and outside the watertight structure is balanced, the pressure inside and outside the reaction liquid filling pump is also balanced, the piston stops moving down, the chemical reaction stops, and the internal and external pressure balance is maintained.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages after adopting the above solution:

[0018] This invention features a lightweight structure that allows for adaptive pressure compensation at greater water depths with only a slight increase in the weight of the mechanism. It is highly autonomous, easy to use, and has broad application prospects. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of an adaptive pressure balancing device.

[0020] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a watertight structure with an adaptive pressure balancing device in use. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments:

[0022] This invention discloses an adaptive pressure balancing device, such as... Figure 1 , 2 As shown, the adaptive pressure balancing device 1 mainly consists of two parts: a reaction liquid filling pump 11 and a reaction vessel 12 for storing the reaction solid and for liquid-solid reaction. The reaction liquid filling pump 11 is filled with reaction liquid 16. A piston 13 is installed on the top of the reaction liquid filling pump 11, and the piston 13 cooperates with the pump body through a sealing ring. Multiple liquid spray holes 18 are opened at the bottom of the reaction liquid filling pump 11. The diameter of the spray holes 18 can be specifically set according to the number of spray holes, and its diameter is 0.5-1.2 mm. The bottom of the reaction vessel 12 is filled with reaction solid 17, and an exhaust hole 19 is opened on the top side of the reaction vessel 12. The reaction liquid filling pump 11 is fixed to the reaction vessel 12 by a flange, and the reaction vessel 12 is installed on the watertight structure 2 by a flange. In this embodiment, for ease of installation, the watertight structure 2 has a protruding installation interface 21. The reaction vessel 12 is inserted into the installation interface 21 and connected and fixed to the top of the installation interface 21 by a flange. The watertight structure 2 is a hydrophone.

[0023] During the descent of the hydrophone, external water pressure pushes piston 13 downwards. Reaction liquid 16 is sprayed into the reaction vessel 12 through the spray hole 18 at the bottom of the reaction liquid filling pump 11. The reaction liquid 16 reacts chemically with the reaction solid 17 to produce gas. This gas enters the hydrophone through the vent hole 19 at the top of the reaction vessel 12, changing the internal pressure. When the internal and external pressures of the hydrophone are balanced, the internal and external pressures of the reaction liquid filling pump 11 are also balanced, piston 13 stops descending, the chemical reaction stops, and the internal and external pressure balance is maintained. Additionally, a protection module 23 is installed on the hydrophone. This protection module 23 is a structure with a strength lower than the watertight structure. In the event of an unexpected situation causing an excessive pressure difference between the inside and outside of the hydrophone, the protection module 23 will break first to release pressure, thus protecting the watertight structure. Furthermore, a pressure relief valve 22 is also installed on the hydrophone to achieve pressure relief. During the ascent of the hydrophone, if the internal pressure is greater than the external pressure, the pressure relief valve 22 will release excess gas from the structure, preventing excessive pressure difference and damage to the hydrophone.

[0024] In this embodiment, the reaction liquid 16 is water, and the reaction solid 17 is a mixture of AlCl3 and Na2CO3, with a mass fraction of AlCl3 to Na2CO3 of 2:3. The liquid-solid reaction produces gas, which can achieve the production of a large amount of gas from a small mass of reactants. Taking the reaction of the AlCl3 and Na2CO3 mixture with water as an example, 584g of the mixture reacts with 54g of water to produce 132g of carbon dioxide, with a volume of 66L. If the volume of the watertight structure cavity is 1L, the gas produced by the reaction can make the pressure inside the watertight structure cavity reach 6.7MPa, which can achieve pressure compensation at a depth of more than 600 meters.

[0025] The method of use is as follows: First, place the hydrophone in the designated location;

[0026] Then, as the hydrophone sinks, the external water pressure pushes the piston downward, and the reaction liquid is sprayed into the reaction vessel through the spray hole at the bottom of the reaction liquid filling pump. The reaction liquid reacts chemically with the reaction solid to produce gas.

[0027] Next, the generated gas enters the hydrophone through the exhaust port of the reactor, changing the internal pressure of the hydrophone. When the pressure inside and outside the hydrophone is balanced, the pressure inside and outside the reaction liquid filling pump is also balanced, the piston stops moving down, the chemical reaction stops, and the internal and external pressure balance is maintained.

[0028] During the rise of the hydrophone, the internal pressure of the structure is greater than the external pressure. The excess gas inside the structure is discharged through the pressure relief valve to maintain the internal and external pressure balance.

[0029] This invention can achieve adaptive pressure compensation at greater water depths with a slight increase in the weight of the mechanism. It is highly autonomous, easy to use, and has broad application prospects.

[0030] The above description only illustrates preferred embodiments of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the claims. Any equivalent structural or procedural modifications made using this specification are included within the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An adaptive pressure balancing device, characterized in that: include A reaction liquid filling pump, wherein a piston is provided at the top of the reaction liquid filling pump and multiple liquid spray holes are opened at the bottom, and the pump body of the reaction liquid filling pump is filled with reaction liquid; A reaction vessel is installed on a watertight structure. The reaction vessel is filled with a reaction solid that reacts chemically with the reaction liquid to generate gas. The reaction vessel is connected to the spray hole at the bottom of the reaction liquid filling pump and the reaction liquid is injected into the reaction vessel through the piston. The reaction vessel is also provided with an exhaust hole, which is connected to the inner cavity of the watertight structure.

2. The adaptive pressure balancing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reaction solution is water, and the reaction solid is a mixture of AlCl3 and Na2CO3.

3. The adaptive pressure balancing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reaction solution is dilute hydrochloric acid, and the reaction solid is Na2CO3.

4. The adaptive pressure balancing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reaction liquid filling pump is fixed to the reaction vessel via a flange, and the reaction vessel is mounted on the watertight structure via a flange.

5. The adaptive pressure balancing device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The watertight structure has a protruding mounting interface, and the reactor is inserted into the mounting interface.

6. The method of using the adaptive pressure balancing device according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that: Includes the following steps, First, place the watertight structure in the designated location; Then, during the sinking process of the watertight structure, the external water pressure pushes the piston downward, and the reaction liquid is sprayed into the reaction vessel through the spray hole at the bottom of the reaction liquid filling pump. The reaction liquid reacts chemically with the reaction solid to produce gas. Next, the generated gas enters the watertight structure through the exhaust port of the reactor, changing the internal pressure of the watertight structure. When the pressure inside and outside the watertight structure is balanced, the piston stops moving downward, the chemical reaction stops, and the internal and external pressure balance is maintained.

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