A global gateway station site selection method and system for a low earth orbit constellation communication system

Abstract

The application discloses a global gateway station site selection method of a low-orbit constellation communication system, and relates to the field of communication technology.The method comprises the following steps: acquiring a first information set of station construction and operation and maintenance costs of a site to be selected; acquiring a second information set of atmospheric and rain attenuation influences of the site to be selected; determining a candidate gateway station site scheme set according to the first information set and the second information set; and optimizing and screening the candidate gateway station site scheme set according to the consistency requirement of feeder side space-ground communication quality and the balance requirement of gateway station service quantity, to determine a target gateway station site scheme.The application can reduce the gateway station layout site selection cost, balance the distribution of gateway station positions, improve the communication rate, reduce the layout cost, and realize the uniform distribution of gateway stations by considering the differences of social and economic conditions and geographical positions of different regions and countries, and objective factors such as local infrastructure, ground network and human resources.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of communication technology, specifically to a method for selecting global gateway stations in a low-Earth orbit constellation communication system. Background Technology

[0002] The location of gateway stations directly determines the information transmission capability of a satellite communication system. Currently, there are two basic approaches to gateway station site selection for broadband low-Earth orbit satellite communication systems: from an engineering perspective, site selection is based on local climate conditions, electromagnetic environment, and the impact of natural disasters; from a system perspective, the location and number of gateway stations are determined based on the satellite coverage distribution to achieve the best communication rate at low cost. However, due to the limited computing power and storage capacity of onboard equipment, and the uneven distribution of service demand caused by regional differences, global population distribution, and economic development, conventional gateway station site selection processes do not consider the upper limit of single-satellite capacity and the global service volume distribution, which is somewhat unreasonable. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this section is to outline some aspects of embodiments of the present invention and to briefly describe some preferred embodiments. Simplifications or omissions may be made in this section, as well as in the abstract and title of this application, to avoid obscuring the purpose of these documents; however, such simplifications or omissions should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention.

[0004] In view of the above-mentioned problems, the present invention is proposed.

[0005] Therefore, the technical problem solved by the present invention is that existing gateway site selection methods suffer from low communication rates, high costs, and uneven distribution.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a method for global gateway station location selection in a low-Earth orbit constellation communication system, comprising:

[0007] Obtain the first set of information on the construction and operation costs of the proposed site;

[0008] Obtain a second set of information on the atmospheric and rain attenuation effects at the proposed site;

[0009] Based on the first information set and the second information set, a set of candidate gateway station site schemes is determined;

[0010] Based on the consistency requirements of satellite-to-ground communication service quality on the feeder side and the requirements for balanced service load of gateway stations, the candidate gateway station site scheme set is optimized and screened to determine the target gateway station site scheme.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment of the global gateway station site selection method for the low-Earth orbit constellation communication system described in this invention, the step of obtaining a first set of information on the construction and operation and maintenance costs of the site to be selected includes:

[0012] To obtain information on the differences in socioeconomic conditions and geographical locations in different regions and countries;

[0013] Obtain objective information on infrastructure, ground networks, and human resources in various regions;

[0014] Based on the difference information and the objective information, the construction and operation and maintenance costs of the proposed site are calculated to obtain the first information set.

[0015] As a preferred embodiment of the global gateway station location selection method for the low-Earth orbit constellation communication system described in this invention, the step of obtaining a second set of information on the atmospheric and rain attenuation effects at the proposed location includes:

[0016] Based on the satellite constellation configuration in the satellite internet system and the influence of rain attenuation atmospheric conditions, the minimum reception angle and communication coverage of each candidate site are determined. The steps are as follows:

[0017] Select one analysis station and obtain the tracking arc of that station for all observable targets through box broadcast;

[0018] The starting point of the observation period is set as the analysis time tb;

[0019] Determine whether there is a visible target at the time point tb to be analyzed. If there is no visible target, determine the start time of the nearest observable target after tb for each target and set that time as tb.

[0020] Starting from tb, calculate the pass-through angle of the arc segment that each visible target can continuously track from that moment. Select the target with the highest pass-through angle as the current observation object. Set the end time of observation for this target to tb. If tb exceeds the end time of the tracked arc segment, the calculation ends; otherwise, reset the analysis time tb.

[0021] For each station, the minimum signal angle of the gateway station is calculated;

[0022] Based on the Earth coordinate system and taking the lowest elevation angle as a reference, the radius of the coverage area of ​​the gateway station is obtained by projecting the vector of the line connecting the gateway station and the satellite onto the ground.

[0023] As a preferred embodiment of the global gateway station location method for the low-Earth orbit constellation communication system described in this invention, wherein: the step of determining the candidate gateway station location scheme set based on the first information set and the second information set includes: determining the candidate gateway station location scheme set that meets the communication coverage requirements of each stage based on the needs of the target area for each stage, with the constraint that the correlation of atmospheric environmental impact between each pair of stations is less than or equal to 3%;

[0024] The steps for obtaining the correlation of atmospheric environmental impact are as follows:

[0025] Using one or more reference stations as benchmarks, typically located in the capital city of a country, the distances between globally available alternative sites and the nearest reference station are calculated, and the correlation of atmospheric environmental impacts is determined.

[0026] η = 3% (e (1-K / 1000) -1)

[0027] in, η This indicates the correlation between the atmospheric environmental impacts of the two stations. K is the geographical distance between the two stations. Considering the balance of future operational investment, the value range of K is set between 100km and 700km.

[0028] As a preferred embodiment of the global gateway station site selection method for the low-Earth orbit constellation communication system described in this invention, the step of optimizing and screening the candidate gateway station site scheme set according to the consistency requirements of satellite-to-ground communication service quality on the feeder side and the balanced requirements of the gateway station's service load to determine the target gateway station site scheme includes: based on the satellite constellation configuration in the satellite internet system, statistically analyzing the communication link establishment delay of each gateway station in the candidate gateway station site scheme set within a planning period, and comparing the average delay of a single station with the total weighted average delay of the scheme, using a difference of 5 to 10 ms for constraint screening.

[0029] As a preferred embodiment of the global gateway station location method for the low-Earth orbit constellation communication system described in this invention, the optimization screening further includes: calculating the traffic volume carried by each station in each deployment scheme based on the user model and constellation configuration, and performing balanced screening of the traffic volume of each station.

[0030] Using the STK simulation tool, the maximum number of satellites N connected to each gateway station within one cycle can be simulated based on the constellation configuration.

[0031] The maximum service capacity of a single station is: S K = N*G, where G is the total throughput of a single satellite;

[0032] The sum of the maximum service capacity of all gateway stations is: S = ΣS K ;

[0033] The single-station equilibrium rate is: R k =S K / S;

[0034] The equilibrium difference is: C k =R k -K / Nnum;

[0035] The balance difference of the stations to be optimized should be controlled within 0 to 0.1 / Nnum, ensuring that the difference in traffic volume between stations is controlled within 20%.

[0036] As a preferred embodiment of the global gateway station location selection method for the low-Earth orbit constellation communication system described in this invention, the method further includes, after completing the global gateway station location selection, a step of constructing the operation mode of the Internet satellite networking system, which includes:

[0037] Configure the system's operating modes, including automated operation mode and manual operation mode;

[0038] Configure an integrated telemetry, tracking, and command (TT&C) mode to uniformly generate space-ground resource work plans and satellite control commands, and issue them to gateway stations for execution;

[0039] Configure network management mode to manage ground nodes, the global gateway network, and gateway equipment;

[0040] Configure the business operation mode and establish interconnection between the power supply link and the business.

[0041] As a preferred embodiment of the global gateway station location method for the low-Earth orbit constellation communication system described in this invention, the automated operation in the system's working mode includes automated configuration management, automated service operation, automated operation support, and automated emergency handling.

[0042] As a preferred embodiment of the global gateway station location method for the low-Earth orbit constellation communication system described in this invention, the manual operation mode in the system operation mode includes updating ground and space nodes, inspecting equipment status, and updating and replacing equipment.

[0043] As a preferred embodiment of the global gateway station location selection method for the low-Earth orbit constellation communication system described in this invention, the first module is used to obtain a first set of information on the construction and operation and maintenance costs of the site to be selected.

[0044] The second module is used to obtain a second set of information on the atmospheric and rain attenuation effects at the proposed site location;

[0045] The third module is used to determine a set of candidate gateway station site schemes based on the first information set and the second information set;

[0046] The fourth module is used to optimize and screen the candidate gateway site scheme set according to the consistency requirements of satellite-to-ground communication service quality on the feeder side and the requirements for balanced service volume of the gateway station, and to determine the target gateway site scheme.

[0047] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: The global gateway station location selection method for the low-Earth orbit constellation communication system provided by the present invention determines the location by taking into account the differences in socio-economic conditions and geographical location of different regions and countries, local infrastructure, terrestrial networks and human resources, etc. This method can reduce the cost of gateway station layout and location selection, distribute gateway station locations evenly, improve communication speed, reduce layout costs, and achieve uniform distribution of gateway stations. Attached Figure Description

[0048] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort. Wherein:

[0049] Figure 1 This is an overall flowchart of a global gateway station location method for a low-Earth orbit constellation communication system provided in the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the global gateway station deployment and coverage of a global gateway station location method for a low-Earth orbit constellation communication system provided in the second embodiment of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the physical connection relationship of global gateway stations in a global gateway station location method for a low-Earth orbit constellation communication system provided in the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0052] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the system operation mode of a global gateway station location method for a low-Earth orbit constellation communication system provided in the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0053] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the network management mode of a global gateway station location method for a low-Earth orbit constellation communication system provided in the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0054] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the service operation mode of a global gateway station location method for a low-Earth orbit constellation communication system provided in the second embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0055] To make the above-mentioned objects, features, and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0056] Many specific details are set forth in the following description in order to provide a full understanding of the invention. However, the invention may also be practiced in other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar extensions without departing from the spirit of the invention. Therefore, the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0057] Secondly, the term "one embodiment" or "embodiment" as used herein refers to a specific feature, structure, or characteristic that may be included in at least one implementation of the present invention. The phrase "in one embodiment" appearing in different places in this specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a single or selective embodiment that is mutually exclusive with other embodiments.

[0058] This invention is described in detail with reference to the schematic diagrams. When detailing the embodiments of this invention, for ease of explanation, the cross-sectional views illustrating the device structure may be partially enlarged, not adhering to the usual scale. Furthermore, the schematic diagrams are merely examples and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of this invention. In actual fabrication, the three-dimensional spatial dimensions of length, width, and depth should be included.

[0059] Furthermore, in the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper," "lower," "inner," and "outer" are used interchangeably.

[0060] The orientations or positional relationships indicated are based on those shown in the accompanying drawings and are only for the purpose of facilitating and simplifying the description of the invention. They are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," or "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0061] Unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "joining" in this invention should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; similarly, they can refer to mechanical connections, electrical connections, or direct connections, or indirect connections through an intermediate medium, or internal connections between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0062] Example 1

[0063] Reference Figure 1 As an embodiment of the present invention, a method for global gateway station location selection in a low-Earth orbit constellation communication system is provided, comprising:

[0064] S1: Obtain the first set of information on the construction and operation costs of the proposed site;

[0065] Furthermore, obtain firsthand information on the construction and operation costs of the proposed site.

[0066] Sets, including:

[0067] To obtain information on the differences in socioeconomic conditions and geographical locations in different regions and countries;

[0068] Obtain objective information on infrastructure, ground networks, and human resources in various regions;

[0069] Based on the difference information and the objective information, the construction and operation and maintenance costs of the proposed site are calculated to obtain the first information set.

[0070] It should be noted that the global deployment of gateway stations for low-Earth orbit constellation communication systems needs to take into account the differences in socio-economic conditions and geographical locations of different regions and countries. Based on factors such as local infrastructure, terrestrial networks, and human resources, the construction and operation and maintenance costs of each candidate site should be uniformly measured. Candidate sites are selected globally, mainly including: existing international communication satellite ground sites and capital cities or economic centers of underdeveloped countries.

[0071] S2: Obtain a second set of information on the atmospheric and rain attenuation effects at the proposed site location;

[0072] Furthermore, a second set of information on the atmospheric and rain attenuation effects at the proposed site is obtained, including:

[0073] Based on the satellite constellation configuration in the satellite internet system and the influence of rain attenuation atmospheric conditions, the minimum communication angle and communication coverage of each candidate site are determined.

[0074] It should be noted that a constellation is a collection of satellites arranged in a specific configuration according to certain rules to jointly complete a particular mission. The quality of the constellation's configuration design has a crucial impact on its coverage effectiveness. Optimizing the constellation's configuration is the primary task for satellite developers when conducting constellation mission analysis.

[0075] Furthermore, the gateway station connects the ephemeris data sent by the operations control center with visible low-Earth orbit satellites to obtain the connection vector. The angle between this vector and the horizontal direction on the Earth's surface, i.e., the communication angle, is then taken as the tracking target for the gateway station or user terminal. To simulate this strategy, the relative relationship parameter (communication angle) needs to be calculated using the orbit simulation module. The specific calculation steps are as follows:

[0076] Step 1: Select one analysis station and obtain the tracking arc of that station for all observable targets through the box broadcast;

[0077] Step 2: Set the starting point of the observation period as the analysis time tb.

[0078] Step 3: Determine if there is a visible target at the time point tb to be analyzed. If there is no visible target, determine the start time of the nearest observable target after tb for each target and set that time as tb.

[0079] Step 4: Calculate the pass-through angle of the continuously trackable arc segment for each visible target starting from time tb. Select the target with the highest pass-through angle as the current observation target. Set the observation end time of this target to tb. If tb exceeds the end time of the tracked arc segment, the calculation ends. Otherwise, repeat steps 2-4.

[0080] Step 5: Repeat steps 1-4 for each station.

[0081] Step 6: Obtain the minimum faith angle for the signal station.

[0082] Step 7: Based on the Earth coordinate system and taking the lowest elevation angle as the reference, obtain the radius of the coverage area of ​​the gateway station according to the projection of the line vector connecting the gateway station and the satellite on the ground.

[0083] S3: Determine a set of candidate gateway station site schemes based on the first information set and the second information set;

[0084] Furthermore, based on the first information set and the second information set, a set of candidate gateway station site schemes is determined, including:

[0085] Based on the coverage target area requirements of each stage, and with the constraint that the correlation of atmospheric environmental impact between any two stations is less than or equal to 3%, a set of candidate gateway station site schemes that meet the communication coverage requirements of each stage are determined.

[0086] It should be noted that the 3% setting is based on the ITU-R P.618-12 recommendation and can prevent two stations from being affected by severe weather simultaneously in extreme situations.

[0087] Furthermore, the method for calculating the correlation of atmospheric environmental impacts is as follows:

[0088] Using one or more reference stations as benchmarks, typically located in the capital city of a country, the distances between globally available alternative sites and the nearest reference station are calculated, and the correlation of atmospheric environmental impacts is determined.

[0089] η = 3% (e (1-K / 1000) -1)

[0090] in:

[0091] Correlation of atmospheric environmental impact between the two stations η

[0092] K represents the geographical distance between the two stations. Considering the balance of future operational investment, the value range of K is set between 100km and 700km.

[0093] S4: Based on the consistency requirements of satellite-to-ground communication service quality on the feeder side and the requirements for balanced service load of gateway stations, the candidate gateway station site scheme set is optimized and screened to determine the target gateway station site scheme.

[0094] Furthermore, based on the satellite constellation configuration in the satellite internet system, the communication link establishment delay of each gateway station in the candidate gateway station site scheme set within a planning period is statistically analyzed, and the average delay of a single station is compared with the total weighted average delay of the scheme, with a constraint screening based on a difference of 5 to 10 ms.

[0095] It should be noted that the communication link establishment delay is the time required for the signal to propagate from the ground satellite to the gateway station. Due to the characteristics of low-Earth orbit satellites, this delay will decrease when entering the low-Earth orbit and increase when leaving. Therefore, it is necessary to statistically analyze the delay change within a certain time period. If the delay fluctuation is too large, it will affect the effect of feeder data transmission in the future and restrict the efficient operation of the system.

[0096] It should also be noted that, based on the characteristics of low-Earth orbit satellites, the optimal two-way latency is the shortest distance between the moving satellite and the low-Earth orbit constellation (speed of light), and it will change further according to the satellite's motion. Considering the sensitivity of most applications to latency fluctuations, the difference between the average latency of a single station and the overall average latency is controlled within 5 to 10 ms to meet service consistency.

[0097] Furthermore, based on the user model and constellation configuration, the service load carried by each station in each deployment scheme is calculated, and the service load of each station is balanced and filtered, specifically as follows:

[0098] Using the STK simulation tool, the maximum number of satellites N connected to each gateway station within one cycle can be simulated based on the constellation configuration.

[0099] The maximum service capacity of a single station is: S K = N*G (G is the total throughput of a single satellite);

[0100] The sum of the maximum service capacity of all gateway stations is: S = ΣS K ;

[0101] The single-station equilibrium rate is: R k =S K / S;

[0102] The equilibrium difference is: C k =R k -K / Nnum;

[0103] The balance difference of the stations to be optimized should be controlled within 0 to 0.1 / Nnum to ensure that the difference in traffic volume between stations is controlled within 20%.

[0104] Example 2

[0105] Reference Figure 2-6 As an embodiment of the present invention, a method for selecting global gateway stations in a low-Earth orbit constellation communication system is provided. To verify the beneficial effects of the present invention, a simulation experiment is conducted for scientific demonstration.

[0106] Taking the site selection of my country's satellite internet gateway stations as an example, since the satellite internet system provides global service, it prioritizes areas not covered by terrestrial mobile communication base stations. Therefore, it needs to have seamless global coverage. Based on the analysis of my country's satellite internet gateway station site selection, and with a focus on covering maritime areas, the global gateway station deployment and coverage (with a communication angle of 10°) are as follows: Figure 2 As shown.

[0107] According to the above plan, the satellite internet system needs to establish global gateway stations in five continental regions: Asia, Europe, Africa, the Americas, and Australia, to achieve global network interconnection. The physical connection relationships of the global gateway stations are as follows: Figure 3 As shown.

[0108] Five regions—Asia, Europe, Africa, the Americas, and Australia—serve as core communication nodes for five major terrestrial backbone transmission networks, interconnected through a global backbone network of satellite gateway stations. National gateway stations are connected via dedicated fiber optic lines. Based on this backbone network, each region can achieve data transmission and exchange with the operation control center and operations service center, enabling unified management of the entire network.

[0109] In this embodiment of the invention, after completing the selection of global gateway stations, the method further includes a step of constructing the operation mode of the Internet satellite networking system, which includes:

[0110] To achieve efficient operation of the satellite internet, the ground system is designed with a system operation mode that is primarily automated and secondarily manually monitored. The automated operation mode includes automated configuration management, automated business operation, automated operational support, and automated emergency response. The manual monitoring includes multiple aspects such as updating ground and space nodes, inspecting equipment status, and updating and replacing equipment.

[0111] The configuration adopts an integrated measurement, control, and operation (TT&O) mode. This integrated TT&O is based on the advantages of global station construction in the gateway network. It focuses on the changing characteristics of resource scale and quantity, satellite-to-ground communication mechanism, global ground coverage, and deep integration with terrestrial 5G networks. It realizes a joint planning system that integrates TT&O and operation tasks, and uniformly generates satellite-to-ground resource work plans and satellite control commands, which are then issued to gateway stations for execution.

[0112] The satellite internet ground system employs a hierarchical management architecture to manage ground nodes, configured with a network management mode. The operation control center serves as the primary control and management entity, enabling network management of global gateway stations. The integrated gateway station network management system manages all equipment within its jurisdiction.

[0113] Configure the service operation mode. The C-band satellite internet ground system takes the gateway station as the main communication processing unit to realize the establishment of power supply links and the interconnection of services, realize voice services, Internet data access services, and realize the interconnection of user services between the satellite network and other ground networks.

[0114] Furthermore, taking the data uplink business process as an example, the information gateway station business process is described as follows:

[0115] The terminal sends service data to the access network via the air interface link;

[0116] After receiving wireless signals through the antenna, the access network performs sampling, analog-to-digital conversion, demodulation, decoding, and link processing before sending the processed data to the core network.

[0117] The core network performs switching and routing processing;

[0118] The business system sends business data directly to the Internet;

[0119] The same applies to downstream business processes.

[0120] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and all such modifications or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for selecting global gateway stations in a low-Earth orbit constellation communication system, characterized in that, include: Obtain the first set of information on the construction and operation costs of the proposed site; Obtain a second set of information on the atmospheric and rain attenuation effects at the proposed site; Based on the first information set and the second information set, a set of candidate gateway station site schemes is determined; Based on the consistency requirements of satellite-to-ground communication service quality on the feeder side and the requirements for balanced service load of gateway stations, the candidate gateway station site scheme set is optimized and screened to determine the target gateway station site scheme. The first set of information on obtaining the construction and operation costs of the proposed site includes: To obtain information on the differences in socioeconomic conditions and geographical locations in different regions and countries; Obtain objective information on infrastructure, ground networks, and human resources in various regions; Based on the discrepancy information and the objective information, the construction and operation and maintenance costs of the proposed site are calculated to obtain the first information set; The second set of information on the atmospheric and rain attenuation effects at the proposed site includes: Based on the satellite constellation configuration in the satellite internet system and the influence of rain attenuation atmospheric conditions, the minimum reception angle and communication coverage of each candidate site are determined. The steps are as follows: Select one analysis station and obtain the tracking arc of that station for all observable targets through box broadcast; The starting point of the observation period is set as the analysis time tb; Determine whether there is a visible target at the time point tb to be analyzed. If there is no visible target, determine the start time of the nearest observable target after tb for each target and set that time as tb. Starting from tb, calculate the pass-through angle of the arc segment that each visible target can continuously track from that moment. Select the target with the highest pass-through angle as the current observation object. Set the end time of observation for this target to tb. If tb exceeds the end time of the tracked arc segment, the calculation ends; otherwise, reset the analysis time tb. For each station, the minimum signal angle of the gateway station is calculated; Based on the Earth coordinate system and taking the lowest elevation angle as a reference, the radius of the coverage area of ​​the gateway station is obtained by projecting the vector of the line connecting the gateway station and the satellite onto the ground. The step of determining the candidate gateway station site scheme set based on the first information set and the second information set includes: determining the candidate gateway station site scheme set that meets the communication coverage requirements of each stage, based on the needs of the target area for each stage, with the constraint that the correlation of atmospheric environmental impact between each pair of stations is less than or equal to 3%. The steps to obtain the correlation of the atmospheric environmental impact are as follows: Using one or more reference stations as benchmarks, typically located in the capital city of a country, the distances between globally available alternative sites and the nearest reference station are calculated, and the correlation of atmospheric environmental impacts is determined. η = 3% (e(1-K / 1000)-1) Where η represents the correlation of atmospheric environmental impact between the two stations, and K is the geographical distance between the two stations. Considering the balance of future operational investment, the value range of K is set between 100km and 700km.

2. The global gateway station location method for a low-Earth orbit constellation communication system as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The optimization and screening of the candidate gateway station site scheme set based on the consistency requirements of satellite-to-ground communication service quality on the feeder side and the balanced requirements of the service load carried by the gateway station includes: according to the satellite constellation configuration in the satellite Internet system, calculating the communication link establishment delay of each gateway station in the candidate gateway station site scheme set within a planning period, and comparing the average delay of a single station with the total weighted average delay of the scheme, with a constraint screening based on a difference of 5~10ms.

3. The global gateway station location method for a low-Earth orbit constellation communication system as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The optimization screening also includes: calculating the traffic volume carried by each station in each deployment scheme based on the user model and constellation configuration, and performing balanced screening of the traffic volume of each station: Using the STK simulation tool, the maximum number of satellites N connected to each gateway station within one cycle can be simulated based on the constellation configuration. The maximum service capacity of a single station is: S K =N×G, where G is the total throughput of a single satellite; The sum of the maximum service capacity of all gateway stations is: S = ; The single-station equilibrium rate is: R k =S K / S; The equilibrium difference is: C k = R k -K / Nnum; The balance difference of the stations to be optimized should be controlled within 0~0.1 / Nnum, ensuring that the difference in business volume between stations is controlled within 20%.

4. The global gateway station location method for a low-Earth orbit constellation communication system as described in claim 3, characterized in that: After completing the global gateway site selection, the method also includes a step of constructing the operation mode of the Internet satellite networking system, which includes: Configure the system's operating modes, including automated operation mode and manual operation mode; Configure an integrated telemetry, tracking, and command (TT&C) mode to uniformly generate space-ground resource work plans and satellite control commands, and issue them to gateway stations for execution; Configure network management mode to manage ground nodes, the global gateway network, and gateway equipment; Configure the business operation mode and establish interconnection between the power supply link and the business.

5. The global gateway station location method for a low-Earth orbit constellation communication system as described in claim 4, characterized in that: The automated operation mode of the system includes configuration management automation, business operation automation, operation support automation, and emergency handling automation.

6. The global gateway station location method for a low-Earth orbit constellation communication system as described in claim 5, characterized in that: The manual operation mode in the system includes updating ground and space nodes, inspecting equipment status, and updating and replacing equipment.

7. A global gateway station location system for a low-Earth orbit (LEO) constellation communication system, used to implement the global gateway station location method for the LEO constellation communication system according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, include: The first module is used to obtain the first set of information on the construction and operation and maintenance costs of the proposed site. The second module is used to obtain a second set of information on the atmospheric and rain attenuation effects at the proposed site location; The third module is used to determine a set of candidate gateway station site schemes based on the first information set and the second information set; The fourth module is used to optimize and screen the candidate gateway site scheme set according to the consistency requirements of satellite-to-ground communication service quality on the feeder side and the requirements for balanced service volume of the gateway station, and to determine the target gateway site scheme.

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