A detector cryogenic system

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of detector cryogenic systems, it is related to the technical field of equipment related to detector;Including being set on bracket container system, liquefaction system and vacuum system;The container system includes the detector container for installing detector, the detector container is connected with the liquefaction system by the argon pipe and liquid argon pipe of sealing heat preservation arrangement, the liquefaction system and container system are respectively connected with the vacuum system by vacuum pipeline, the vacuum system can respectively vacuumize the container system and liquefaction system, the liquefaction system is used to transport into the detector container after argon liquefaction.The detector cryogenic system provided in the application has good refrigeration effect, can continuously refrigerate, to provide stable low-temperature environment for detector.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of detector-related equipment technology, and in particular to a detector cryogenic system. Background Technology

[0002] High-performance detectors require a low-temperature environment. Only in such an environment can the normal functioning of their electronic components or systems be guaranteed, the sensitivity of the electronic components be improved, and thermal noise from the system itself or its surroundings be shielded or reduced, resulting in a significant improvement in the signal-to-noise ratio. Currently, most known detector cooling systems, both domestically and internationally, use cooling gas stored in a gas cylinder to cool the detector, which is then placed inside the cylinder. Existing detectors using this method generally have limited cooling effectiveness and short cooling times. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a cryogenic detector system that solves the problems existing in the prior art, has good cooling effect, can continuously cool, and thus provides a stable low-temperature environment for the detector.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following solution:

[0005] This invention provides a cryogenic detector system, comprising a container system, a liquefaction system, and a vacuum system mounted on a support. The container system includes a detector container for mounting the detector. The detector container is connected to the liquefaction system via a sealed and insulated argon gas pipe and a liquid argon pipe. The liquefaction system and the container system are respectively connected to the vacuum system via vacuum lines. The vacuum system can evacuate both the container system and the liquefaction system. The liquefaction system is used to liquefy argon gas and deliver it to the detector container, providing a stable, high-purity liquid argon environment for the detector, ensuring the high purity and stable pressure of the liquid argon, and meeting the cryogenic experimental requirements of the detector.

[0006] Optionally, the system also includes a purification system mounted on the support. The purification system includes a rewarmer and a purifier connected in series via pipelines. A first branch and a second branch are arranged in parallel between the rewarmer and the purifier. A control valve is installed on both the first and second branches, and a bellows pump is installed on the first branch. The inlet end of the rewarmer and the outlet end of the purifier are respectively connected to the liquefaction system. The inlet end of the purifier is connected to an argon cylinder via a pipeline, and a control valve is installed on the pipeline connected to the argon cylinder. A control valve is installed at both the inlet end and the outlet end of the purifier.

[0007] Optionally, the vacuum system includes a vortex pump and a molecular pump connected in series. One end of the molecular pump is connected to the liquefaction system, the purification system, and the container system through vacuum pipelines, and a control valve is installed on the vacuum pipelines.

[0008] Optionally, the container system includes an inner container and an outer container. The inner container is fixedly suspended inside the outer container. A liquid argon tube and an argon gas tube are connected to the inner container, and their ends are respectively connected to a liquefaction system. The top of the outer container has an outer container vacuum port and an inner container vacuum port. One end of each vacuum port is connected to the vacuum system via a vacuum line. The other end of the outer container vacuum port communicates with the space between the outer container and the inner container, and the other end of the inner container vacuum port communicates with the interior of the inner container. A detector communicating with the inner container is installed on the top of the outer container. Both the outer container and the inner container are can-shaped structures with open tops. The outer tank flange is fixedly and sealed to the top of the inner tank flange. A connection port is sealed on the outer tank flange, through which the liquid argon tube and argon gas tube pass and communicate with the inner tank flange. Vacuum ports for the outer and inner containers are fixedly mounted on the outer tank flange, with one end of the inner container vacuum port passing through both the outer and inner tank flanges and communicating with the interior of the inner tank. Ear plates are fixedly mounted on the outer tank flange for mounting on a support. The inner and outer containers are fixedly connected via the outer and inner tank flanges. Multiple connecting posts are fixedly mounted on the top of the inner tank flange, with the tops of the connecting posts threadedly connected to the bottom of the outer tank flange.

[0009] Optionally, the liquefaction system includes a sealed cold box with a skirt at the bottom for easy disassembly and placement. The side wall of the cold box is connected to the vacuum system via vacuum tubing. A refrigerator is fixedly mounted on the top of the cold box, and a refrigerator cold head located below the refrigerator is inside the cold box. A regenerative heat exchanger is connected to one side of the refrigerator cold head, and an argon gas pipe is connected to the bottom of the regenerative heat exchanger. A liquid argon pipe is connected to the bottom of the refrigerator cold head. The ends of the argon gas pipe and the liquid argon pipe pass through the top of the cold box and are connected to a container system. It also includes an auxiliary refrigeration device, which includes a liquid nitrogen cold head fixedly mounted inside the cold box. The cold head is connected to the vacuum system via a vacuum pipeline. The top of the liquid nitrogen cold head passes through the cold box and is connected to a liquid nitrogen Dewar. One side of the refrigerator's cold head is connected to the regenerative heat exchanger via the liquid nitrogen cold head. A cold box flange is fixedly and sealed to the top of the cold box. The liquid nitrogen Dewar and the refrigerator are respectively fixedly mounted on the cold box flange. A connection port is sealed on the cold box flange. The argon gas pipe and the liquid argon pipe pass through the connection port and communicate with the interior of the cold box. An ear plate is fixedly mounted on the outside of the cold box flange for mounting on a support. The rewarmer and its inlet and the purifier's outlet are respectively connected to the regenerative heat exchanger.

[0010] Optionally, the support includes an upper support and a lower support. The cold box and outer container are suspended on the upper support. The bellows pump, purifier, and molecular pump are fixedly installed on one side of the upper support. The molecular pump is positioned at a height close to the extraction port, shortening the length of the vacuum pipeline and reducing the vacuum resistance. The liquid nitrogen Dewar, argon cylinder, and vortex pump are respectively installed on the lower support. Due to the large weight of the detector container and the need for frequent disassembly and assembly, the cold box and container system are fixed by hoisting for easy disassembly. The outer container is hoisted using lug supports. The container system, cold box, and bellows pump are equipped with independent grounding. The support mainly uses aluminum alloy profiles. The container is connected to the upper support by lugs on the flange. The connection between the lugs and the support is designed to be detachable to facilitate the installation of the liquid argon Dewar.

[0011] Optionally, a lifting device is provided on one side of the support frame. The lifting device includes a vertically arranged lifting frame with a tray slidably mounted on it. Rollers are installed at the bottom of the tray. The tray can support the cold box or outer container. The lifting of the inner and outer containers and the cold box is controlled by a hydraulic lifting platform. The bottom of the inner and outer containers and the cold box is supported by a skirt, thus a flat tray is used as support during the lifting of the inner and outer containers. Rollers at the bottom of the tray assist in the disassembly and movement of the inner and outer containers. When the container is lifted, the wheels at the bottom of the tray can be braked and fixed. After the container is lowered to the bottom, it is removed from the side of the support frame. At this time, the inner container can be disassembled.

[0012] The liquid nitrogen cold head includes a first cold head condenser and a first liquid argon collector. The first cold head condenser is a cylindrical structure fixedly installed at the top of the cold box, and the first liquid argon collector is fixedly installed at the bottom of the first cold head condenser. A first cold head fin is provided between the first liquid argon collector and the first cold head condenser. The refrigerator cold head includes a second cold head condenser installed at the bottom of the refrigerator cylinder. A second cold head fin is fixedly and sealed at the bottom of the second cold head condenser, and a second liquid argon collector is fixedly sleeved at the bottom of the second cold head fin. The second cold head condenser is connected to the refrigerator cylinder. The top of the first cold head condenser is connected to the liquid nitrogen Dewar through a liquid nitrogen inlet pipe, and the top of the first cold head condenser is connected to a liquid nitrogen outlet pipe. Valves are provided on the liquid nitrogen inlet pipe and the liquid nitrogen outlet pipe. The bottom of the first liquid argon collector is connected to one side of the second liquid argon collector through a copper pipe, and the bottom of the second liquid argon collector is connected to the liquid argon pipe. One side of the first liquid argon collector is connected to the regenerative heat exchanger. The first cold head fin includes a connecting portion that is fixedly and sealed to the bottom of the first cold head condenser. Multiple columnar ribs are evenly distributed at the bottom of the connecting portion. The second cold head fin includes a connecting portion that is fixedly and sealed to the bottom of the second cold head condenser. Multiple columnar ribs are evenly distributed at the bottom of the connecting portion. The columnar ribs of the first cold head fin are located within the first liquid argon collector, and the columnar ribs of the second cold head fin are located within the second liquid argon collector. A temperature sensor and an electric heating wire are fixedly installed on the cold head of the refrigeration unit.

[0013] The inner container's outer wall is covered with a layer of heat-insulating material. An adsorbent tray containing adsorbent is fixedly installed at the bottom of the outer container; an electrostatic grounding plate is installed on the lower outer wall of the outer container. Two thermometer holes are opened on the inner tank flange, and thermometers are sealed within these holes. An electric heating strip is wound around the outer wall of the inner container. A vacuum electrode mounting flange is provided on the outer tank flange, and the wires of the thermometers and the electric heating strip pass through this flange. The sealing surface between the inner tank flange and the inner container is metal-sealed, and the outer tank flange and the outer container are fixedly sealed by a sealing ring. A differential pressure sensor is installed on the outer tank flange, and this sensor is connected to the inner container via a pressure-sensing pipe passing through the outer tank flange. The inner container is connected to a rupture membrane via a pressure relief pipe passing through the outer tank flange, and the rupture membrane extends to the outside through the pressure relief pipe. Multiple pre-installed flanges are sealed on the outer tank flange.

[0014] The present invention achieves the following technical effects compared to the prior art:

[0015] This invention employs a closed-loop system to recover and reuse argon gas, significantly reducing energy loss. It utilizes an advanced cryogenic refrigerator as the cold source, representing the pinnacle of cryogenic refrigeration technology and featuring high efficiency, compact structure, convenient control, and reliable operation. Advanced system cryogenic insulation engineering technology is employed to minimize liquid argon cooling capacity loss. Professional customized design is implemented in all aspects, including process calculations, cryogenic piping system design, three-dimensional piping design, cooling loss calculations, and insulation schemes, to minimize unnecessary heat leakage and meet cooling requirements. Attached Figure Description

[0016] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the cryogenic system of the detector of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the cryogenic detector system of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 3 This is a front view of the cryogenic detector system of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 3 A partial cross-sectional view of DD;

[0021] Figure 5 This is a top view of the cryogenic system of the detector of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 6 This is a rear view of the cryogenic system of the detector of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 7 This is a side view of the cryogenic system of the detector of the present invention;

[0024] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached diagram: 1. Support; 101. Upper support; 102. Lower support; 2. Container system; 3. Liquefaction system; 4. Purification system; 5. Vacuum system; 6. Detector container; 7. Argon tube; 8. Liquid argon tube; 9. Vacuum line; 10. Molecular pump; 11. Vortex pump; 12. Reheater; 13. Purifier; 14. First branch; 15. Second branch; 16. Corrugated pump; 17. Argon cylinder; 18. Connection port; 19. Ear plate; 20. Cold box; 21. Regenerative heat exchanger; 22. Insulated connecting pipe; 23. Lifting device; 24. Liquid nitrogen Dewar. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0026] The purpose of this invention is to provide a cryogenic detector system that solves the problems existing in the prior art, has good cooling effect, can continuously cool, and thus provides a stable low-temperature environment for the detector.

[0027] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0028] This invention provides a cryogenic detector system, such as... Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the system includes a container system 2, a liquefaction system 3, a purification system 4, and a vacuum system 5, all mounted on a support 1. The container system 2 includes a detector container 6 for mounting a detector. The detector container 6 is connected to the liquefaction system 3 via a sealed and insulated argon gas pipe 7 and a liquid argon pipe 8. The liquefaction system 3 and the container system 2 are respectively connected to the vacuum system 5 via vacuum pipes 9. The vacuum system 5 can evacuate both the container system 2 and the liquefaction system 3. The liquefaction system 3 is used to liquefy argon gas and deliver it into the detector container 6.

[0029] Specifically, the vacuum system 5 includes a molecular pump 10, a vortex pump 11, a vacuum chamber, valves, and vacuum lines 9. One end of the molecular pump 10 is connected to the liquefaction system 3, the purification system 4, and the container system 2 via vacuum lines 9. A control valve is installed on the vacuum lines 9. The molecular pump 10 is placed on the upper part of the support 1, and the vortex pump 11 is placed on the ground and connected by a bellows. The outlet of the molecular pump 10 is connected to a gate valve and the vacuum chamber, which is then connected to each of the vacuum lines 9. A bellows is installed in the middle of the vacuum lines 9 for flexible compensation. The container system 2 adopts high-vacuum multilayer insulation technology. To reduce convective heat transfer loss and the infiltration of external gas molecules, a high vacuum level needs to be maintained between the inner and outer layers. After installing the detector container 6 and its related components according to the design requirements, the vacuum pump is connected to the vacuum port of the container system. The first-stage vortex pump is turned on to evacuate the Dewar vacuum insulation layer until the vacuum gauge reading is <100Pa. Then, the second-stage molecular pump is turned on to continue evacuating the Dewar insulation layer until the vacuum gauge reading reaches 10Pa. -4Pa. During system startup, to ensure the purity of argon within the system, vacuum system 5 needs to be activated to evacuate the air to a vacuum state, then argon gas is introduced, and the system is evacuated again. This process is repeated multiple times to replace the air within the system with higher purity argon gas.

[0030] The purification system 4 includes a reheater 12 and a purifier 13 connected in series via pipelines. A first branch 14 and a second branch 15 are arranged in parallel between the reheater 12 and the purifier 13. Both the first branch 14 and the second branch 15 are equipped with control valves. A bellows pump 16 is installed on the first branch 14. A pipe surface thermometer and a temperature display are installed on the inlet pipe of the bellows pump 16 to prevent the argon temperature entering the bellows from being too low and damaging the bellows pump 16. The reheater 12 and its inlet end and the purifier 13's outlet end are respectively connected to the liquefaction system 3. The inlet end of the purifier 13 is connected to an argon cylinder 17 via a pipeline, and a control valve is installed on the pipeline connected to the argon cylinder 17. A control valve is installed at both the inlet end and the outlet end of the purifier 13. Argon gas from argon cylinder 17, or cryogenic argon gas evaporated from the container, is heated by a regenerative heat exchanger, pressurized by a bellows pump 16, and then processed by a purifier 13 to become high-purity argon gas. This high-purity argon gas then enters the liquefaction system 3. All pipelines are connected by joints, and diaphragm valves are used, ensuring good sealing.

[0031] Container system 2 includes detector container 6, which comprises an inner container and an outer container. The inner container is fixedly suspended inside the outer container. A liquid argon tube 8 and an argon gas tube 7 are connected to the inner container, with their ends connected to a liquefaction system 3. The top of the outer container has an outer container vacuum port and an inner container vacuum port. One end of each vacuum port is connected to a vacuum system via a vacuum line 9. The other end of the outer container vacuum port communicates with the space between the outer container and the inner container, and the other end of the inner container vacuum port communicates with the interior of the inner container. A detector communicating with the inner container is installed on the top of the outer container. Both the outer container and the inner container are can-shaped structures with open tops. The top of the container is fixedly and sealed with an outer tank flange, and the top of the inner container is fixedly and sealed with an inner tank flange. A connection port 18 is sealed on the outer tank flange. The liquid argon tube 8 and the argon gas tube 7 pass through the connection port 18 and then communicate with the inner container through the inner tank flange. The vacuum port of the outer container and the vacuum port of the inner container are fixedly set on the outer tank flange. One end of the vacuum port of the inner container passes through the vacuum port of the outer container and the inner tank flange and communicates with the inside of the inner container. An ear plate 19 is fixedly set on the outside of the outer tank flange. The ear plate 19 is used to be mounted on the support 1. The inner container and the outer container are fixedly connected through the outer tank flange and the inner tank flange. Multiple connecting posts are fixedly set on the top of the inner tank flange. The top of the connecting posts is threaded to the bottom of the inner tank flange.

[0032] The liquefaction system 3 includes a sealed cold box 20, the side wall of which is connected to a vacuum system 5 via a vacuum line 9. A refrigerator is fixedly mounted on the top of the cold box 20, and the refrigerator cold head below the refrigerator is located inside the cold box 20. A heat exchanger 21 is connected to one side of the refrigerator cold head, and an argon gas pipe 7 is connected to the bottom of the heat exchanger 21. A liquid argon pipe 8 is connected to the bottom of the refrigerator cold head. The ends of the argon gas pipe 7 and the liquid argon pipe 8 pass through the top of the cold box 20 and are connected to a container system 2. The liquefaction system also includes an auxiliary refrigeration device, which includes a liquid nitrogen cold head fixedly mounted inside the cold box 20. The liquid nitrogen cold head is connected to the vacuum system 5 via a vacuum line 9. The top of the liquid nitrogen cold head passes through the cold box 20 and is connected to a liquid nitrogen Dewar 24. A heat exchanger 21 is connected to one side of the refrigerator cold head via the liquid nitrogen cold head. The top of the cold box 20 is fixedly and sealed with a cold box. The flange and liquid nitrogen Dewar 24 are mounted on the support. The refrigerator is fixedly mounted on the cold box flange. The cold box flange has a sealed connection port 18. Argon gas pipe 7 and liquid argon pipe 8 pass through connection port 18 and communicate with the inside of the cold box 20. The connection port 18 of the outer tank flange and the connection port 18 of the cold box flange are fixedly connected by a sealed heat-insulating connecting pipe 22, which can wrap the argon gas pipe 7 and liquid argon pipe 8 to prevent them from being exposed to the outside and generating heat exchange, thus improving the efficiency of liquid argon transportation. Ear plates 19 are fixedly mounted on the outside of the cold box flange for mounting on the support 1. The reheater 12 and its inlet end and the purifier 13's outlet end are respectively connected to the regenerative heat exchanger 21. Platinum resistance temperature sensors, cylindrical heaters, and temperature control devices are installed on the liquid nitrogen cold head and the refrigerator cold head to prevent the liquid argon from solidifying due to excessively low cooling temperatures. The control scheme for monitoring the temperature of the detector container system and adjusting the heater has a long response time. The temperature control system, located on the cold head, controls the temperature of the liquid argon flowing out of the liquefaction system and maintains it at a constant value, ensuring a constant temperature of the liquid argon entering the detector container system. In the regenerative heat exchanger 21, high-purity argon is cooled by the argon vaporized from the container system, recovering some of the cooling energy from the vaporized argon. The cooled high-purity argon then passes through the condenser of the refrigerator cold head, where it is liquefied and supercooled to 84K. The refrigerator cold head is housed in a cold box. A temperature sensor and electric heating wire are installed on the refrigerator cold head, and a temperature controller ensures stable cold head temperature and prevents liquid argon from solidifying and condensing. To improve system reliability, a liquid nitrogen liquefaction cold head is connected in series with the refrigerator as a backup, used in case of insufficient cooling or refrigerator failure. The liquid nitrogen cold head, refrigerator cold head, and regenerative heat exchanger are all installed inside the argon liquefaction cold box. When using liquid nitrogen cooling, argon gas from the regenerating heat exchanger exchanges heat with liquid nitrogen supplied by the liquid nitrogen Dewar. Inside the liquid nitrogen cold head condenser, the argon gas temperature drops below its liquefaction point, and the liquid argon flows into the detector's cryogenic container system. When the liquid nitrogen cold head is not in use, the liquid nitrogen inside is emptied, and a vacuum is drawn to reduce cooling loss caused by convective heat transfer.

[0033] The support frame 1 includes an upper support frame 101 and a lower support frame 102. The cold box 20 and the outer container of the container system are suspended on the upper support frame 101. The bellows pump 16, the purifier 13, and the molecular pump 10 are fixedly installed on one side of the upper support frame 101. The liquid nitrogen Dewar, the argon cylinder 17, and the vortex pump 11 are respectively installed on the lower support frame 102. A lifting device 23 is provided on one side of the support frame 1. The lifting device 23 includes a vertically installed lifting frame with a tray slidably installed on it. The bottom of the tray is equipped with rollers; the tray can support the cold box or the outer container.

[0034] During operation, before system startup, the tank and pipelines are at room temperature and filled with air, thus requiring system purging and pre-cooling. At startup, the purity of the argon gas and liquid argon inside the system does not meet the detector's operational requirements, necessitating cyclic purification.

[0035] To ensure the purity of argon in the system, the air inside the system needs to be replaced before precooling. The system is evacuated until a certain vacuum level is reached. Then, the vacuum pump valve is closed, and argon gas is introduced into the system at a certain pressure. The valve is then closed, and the process of evacuating, introducing argon gas, and evacuating is repeated several times until the argon content in the system meets the requirements of the purifier.

[0036] During the pre-cooling phase, the cryogenic portion of the system is cooled to the liquid argon temperature range, primarily for the detector container 6. Pre-cooling before startup can be achieved by simultaneously operating the refrigerator and liquid nitrogen liquefaction system to shorten the pre-cooling time. Room temperature argon gas is cooled by the liquefaction system, absorbs heat in the detector container system, and then enters the regenerating heat exchanger 21 for reheating. It is then pressurized by the bellows pump 16 and purified in the purifier 13 before re-entering the liquefaction system 3. After liquefaction in the liquefaction system 3, it enters the detector container system to absorb heat, then reheats in the regenerating heat exchanger 21 and is pressurized by the bellows pump 16. This process is repeated continuously until liquid argon is produced, at which point the pre-cooling process before startup is complete.

[0037] During the liquefaction process, the system temperature decreases, and after liquid appears in the inner container of container system 2, the system pressure drops. At this point, argon gas is introduced into the system from the argon cylinder. The introduced argon gas is purified by purification system 4, cooled and liquefied by liquefaction system 3, and then enters the inner container of the detector container system. Liquid argon continuously accumulates in the inner container of the detector container system, eventually reaching a certain level, at which point the liquefaction process ends.

[0038] During the purification process, heated liquid argon evaporates, and after recovering the cold energy, it enters the purifier for further purification, and is then liquefied again by the liquefaction system. Considering the limited capacity of the system itself, a purification → liquefaction → vaporization → purification cycle is adopted. To increase the evaporation rate of liquid argon and thus increase the argon circulation flow rate during purification, the inner container of the detector container system needs to be heated. This invention uses a wound electric heater on the outer wall of the inner container to accelerate the vaporization rate of liquid argon in the inner container. A heating belt is used to heat the liquid argon to generate argon vapor, and simultaneously, the liquefaction system is activated to liquefy argon. This cycle is repeated multiple times to gradually purify the argon in the system. After a certain period of circulation, the purity of both the argon and liquid argon reaches the required level, and the system enters normal operation.

[0039] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "center," "top," "bottom," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing the invention and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0040] Specific examples have been used to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of this invention. The descriptions of the above embodiments are only for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core ideas of this invention. Furthermore, those skilled in the art will recognize that, based on the ideas of this invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope. Therefore, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of this invention.

Claims

1. A cryogenic detector system, characterized in that: The system includes a container system, a liquefaction system, and a vacuum system mounted on a support. The container system includes a detector container for mounting a detector. The detector container is connected to the liquefaction system via a sealed and insulated argon gas pipe and a liquid argon pipe. The liquefaction system and the container system are respectively connected to the vacuum system via vacuum lines. The vacuum system is capable of evacuating the container system and the liquefaction system. The liquefaction system is used to liquefy argon gas and deliver it into the detector container. It also includes a purification system mounted on the support, the purification system comprising a rewarmer and a purifier connected in series via pipelines, a first branch and a second branch arranged in parallel between the rewarmer and the purifier, each branch being equipped with a control valve, and a bellows pump installed on the first branch, the rewarmer and the purifier being connected to the liquefaction system at their inlet and outlet respectively, the purifier being connected to an argon cylinder at its inlet via a pipeline, and a control valve being installed on the pipeline connected to the argon cylinder, and a control valve being installed at both the inlet and outlet of the purifier; The liquefaction system includes a sealed cold box, the side wall of which is connected to a vacuum system via vacuum pipelines; a refrigerator is fixedly mounted on the top of the cold box, and a refrigerator cold head located below the refrigerator is inside the cold box; a regenerative heat exchanger is connected to one side of the refrigerator cold head, an argon gas pipe is connected to the bottom of the regenerative heat exchanger, and a liquid argon pipe is connected to the bottom of the refrigerator cold head; the ends of the argon gas pipe and the liquid argon pipe pass through the top of the cold box and are connected to a container system; it also includes an auxiliary refrigeration device, which includes a liquid nitrogen cold head fixedly mounted inside the cold box.

2. The detector cryogenic system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vacuum system includes a vortex pump and a molecular pump connected in series. One end of the molecular pump is connected to the liquefaction system, the purification system, and the container system through vacuum pipelines. A control valve is installed on the vacuum pipelines.

3. The detector cryogenic system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The container system includes an inner container and an outer container. The inner container is fixedly suspended inside the outer container. A liquid argon tube and an argon gas tube are connected to the inner container, with their ends connected to a liquefaction system. The top of the outer container has a vacuum extraction port for both the outer container and the inner container. One end of each vacuum extraction port is connected to the vacuum system via a vacuum line. The other end of the outer container vacuum extraction port communicates with the space between the outer container and the inner container, and the other end of the inner container vacuum extraction port communicates with the interior of the inner container. A detector communicating with the inner container is installed on the top of the outer container. Both the outer container and the inner container are can-shaped structures with open tops. The top of the outer container is fixedly sealed. The container is sealed with an outer tank flange, and the inner tank flange is fixedly and sealed to the top of the inner tank. A connection port is sealed on the outer tank flange, through which the liquid argon tube and the argon gas tube pass and communicate with the inner tank flange. The vacuum port of the outer container and the vacuum port of the inner tank are fixedly installed on the outer tank flange, and one end of the vacuum port of the inner tank passes through the vacuum port of the outer container and the inner tank flange and communicates with the inside of the inner tank. An ear plate is fixedly installed on the outside of the outer tank flange, which is used to support the bracket. The inner tank and the outer container are fixedly connected through the outer tank flange and the inner tank flange. Multiple connecting posts are fixedly installed on the top of the inner tank flange, and the top of the connecting posts is threaded to the bottom of the inner tank flange.

4. The detector cryogenic system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The liquid nitrogen cold head is connected to the vacuum system via a vacuum pipeline. A liquid nitrogen Dewar is connected to the top of the liquid nitrogen cold head after passing through the cold box. The regenerative heat exchanger is connected to one side of the refrigerator's cold head via the liquid nitrogen cold head. A cold box flange is fixedly and sealed to the top of the cold box. The liquid nitrogen Dewar and the refrigerator are respectively fixedly mounted on the cold box flange. A connection port is sealed on the cold box flange. The argon gas pipe and liquid argon pipe pass through the connection port and communicate with the interior of the cold box. Ear plates are fixedly mounted on the outside of the cold box flange for mounting on a support. The rewarmer and its inlet and outlet of the purifier are respectively connected to the regenerative heat exchanger.

5. The detector cryogenic system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The support structure includes an upper support and a lower support. The cold box and the outer container are suspended on the upper support. The bellows pump, purifier and molecular pump are fixedly installed on one side of the upper support. The liquid nitrogen Dewar, argon cylinder and vortex pump are respectively installed on the lower support.

6. The detector cryogenic system according to claim 5, characterized in that: A lifting device is provided on one side of the support frame. The lifting device includes a vertically arranged lifting frame body, on which a tray is slidably installed. Rollers are installed at the bottom of the tray. The tray is capable of supporting the cold box or outer container.

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