Movable heart valve switch construction method

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of rail transit technology, and in particular to a method for constructing movable-point turnouts, which can accurately, reliably and efficiently realize the installation of movable-point turnouts in urban rail transit, including: construction preparation, benchmark surveying, ballast paving, loose laying of turnout sleepers, on-site assembly of turnouts, hoisting and storage of turnouts, turnout assembly, coarse adjustment of turnouts, installation of electrical equipment, ballast leveling, and fine adjustment of turnouts.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of rail transit technology, and in particular to a method for constructing a movable-point turnout. Background Technology

[0002] With the development of urban rail transit technology, vibration and noise reduction in the surrounding environment of subways and the development of properties above depots are gradually becoming trends. Small-number (e.g., No. 7) movable point turnouts are products developed to meet the vibration reduction needs of properties above depots. They eliminate harmful spaces in the turnout area and achieve track continuity, effectively reducing the dynamic response generated when trains pass through the harmful spaces of the turnout, thus achieving vibration reduction from the source of the turnout structure.

[0003] Currently, the small-numbered turnouts commonly used in subways (including No. 7 and No. 9) are all fixed frogs. Fixed frogs have high overall integrity, and since they do not have electrical switching devices installed, no engineering and electrical commissioning is required at the frog. At present, most construction units usually use the "in-situ method" for construction and laying, and the main steps are as follows:

[0004] (1) Pre-lay ballast at the designed location of the depot line;

[0005] (2) Transport the turnout sleepers to the designated turnout position using mechanical equipment and lay them according to the spacing specified in the design drawings;

[0006] (3) Hoist the turnout rail components to the site and complete the on-site turnout assembly and frame size adjustment;

[0007] (4) Adjust the status of the turnout and complete the connection between the turnout and the track before and after the turnout;

[0008] (5) Lay ballast and straighten the track, check the turnout status a second time and make fine adjustments;

[0009] (6) Install the switch machine and conduct joint commissioning and testing.

[0010] Compared to fixed frogs, small-numbered (e.g., No. 7) turnouts have a movable-point structure and the following differences:

[0011] (1) The movable point rail frog is assembled from multiple components such as wing rail, long and short point rail, slip mechanism, heel end spacer, anti-jump spacer, top iron, bolts, etc. It is an assembly structure and the on-site installation is complicated.

[0012] (2) The movable center rail frog has movable center rails of both length and length, and the frame adjustment is different from that of the fixed frog.

[0013] (3) Adding a switch at the movable point frog requires joint commissioning and testing of the power system and electrical system. The laying accuracy of the frog section is required to prevent the laying accuracy from affecting the movement of the point frog. Summary of the Invention

[0014] This invention provides a method for constructing movable-point turnouts, which can accurately, reliably, and efficiently achieve the installation of movable-point turnouts in urban rail transit.

[0015] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a method for constructing a movable-point turnout is provided for use in urban rail systems, comprising:

[0016] Step 1, Construction Preparation: Review the turnout construction drawings and related materials, determine the reserved interfaces, cables, and embedded pipelines at the movable frog, verify the quantity and model of each turnout component and verify the switch machine installation clearance space at the movable frog position, and check the position of the long and short frog jumper holes to ensure cable installation.

[0017] Step 2, benchmark setting: re-measure the track and set control benchmarks along the track according to the specifications. In the range of movable frog, the control benchmarks are densified to ensure laying accuracy. Control benchmarks are arranged along the outside of the track at the front, back and center of the turnout. Control benchmarks are added at the traction point of the frog rail and the flexible bendable center point. The control benchmarks are densified at the lateral gauge change of the turnout and at the support position.

[0018] Step 3, Ballast Paving: The bottom layer of ballast is paved using a roller with a compaction force of not less than 160 kPa, compacted in layers to ensure a bottom layer ballast density of not less than 1.6 g / cm³. 3 Check the flatness of the ballast surface to ensure that the error in each direction is no more than 10mm;

[0019] Step 4, Loosely Install Switch Sleepers: Using a combination of human and machine methods, hoist and place the switch sleepers according to the design requirements. The specific steps are as follows:

[0020] (1) Before hoisting the turnout sleeper, the centerline of the turnout is controlled by pulling a wire;

[0021] (2) Determine the position and direction of turnout sleeper No. 1, and ensure that the centerline of turnout sleeper No. 1 coincides longitudinally with the centerline of turnout and is perpendicular to the centerline of turnout laterally.

[0022] (3) Except for the movable frog area, take No. 1 turnout sleeper as the reference and lay turnout sleepers in sequence at intervals. When laying, use a pull gauge to control the outside of the rail bearing surface at both ends to ensure that it is parallel and perpendicular to No. 1 turnout sleeper, so as to eliminate the cumulative error of the turnout sleeper spacing and ensure that the turnout sleeper position deviation is within ±3mm.

[0023] (4) Within the range of the movable frog, sleepers on both sides of the frog shall be laid with the control benchmark at the frog as the reference, and then sleepers shall be laid on both sides in sequence according to the design spacing of the sleepers. Except for the sleepers on both sides of the traction point, the position deviation of the sleepers in the range of the movable frog shall be within ±2mm.

[0024] (5) The No. 1 turnout sleeper is used as the reference to square the turnout sleeper and is adjusted in coordination with the turnout sleeper spacing. The turnout sleeper positioning is determined by pulling a line based on the bolt hole of the first turnout sleeper on the outside of the straight track. The turnout sleeper is squared by placing two long rulers in parallel and aligning them according to the turnout sleeper spacing.

[0025] (6) After the turnout sleepers are squared, the position of the scattered turnout sleepers is checked with the control benchmark as the base point to ensure the accuracy of the turnout sleeper laying, including checking the sleeper spacing within the range of the movable frog, to prevent difficulties in rail component installation and size adjustment.

[0026] Step 5, On-site assembly of turnouts: Within the switch area, assemble the straight main rail and the curved tip rail, and assemble the curved main rail and the straight tip rail; within the movable frog area, first assemble the two side wing rails, including the installation of pads and top irons; after the long and short frog rails and the intermediate slip mechanism are fixed with bolts, push the whole thing into the center position of the frog rails, and connect the frog rail heel end to the long and short frog rails with the spacer iron;

[0027] Step 6, turnout hoisting and storage: Mark the center position of the turnout sleeper on the top surface of the turnout rail to facilitate positioning between the turnout sleeper and the site. Then, smoothly transport the assembled straight main rail-curved tip rail assembly, curved main rail-straight tip rail assembly, and wing rail-long and short center rail assembly to the working face.

[0028] Step 7, Turnout Assembly: Starting from the turnout head, lay the rails out sequentially from front to back, following the principle of straight rails first, then curved rails, and switch gates first, then frogs. Move the rails into the rail bearing grooves, and then connect the rails and align them. Install the switch rail and stock rail assemblies and align them. Move the movable frog as a whole to ensure that all indicators between the long and short frogs and the wing rails are normal. Lay the connecting rails, leaving an 8mm rail gap. Except for the movable frog, install the fasteners in sequence and align them properly in other positions.

[0029] Step 8, coarse adjustment of the turnout: Within the switch range, adjust the basic rail of the turnout according to the control benchmark at the turnout and the principle of straightening the basic rail first and then adjusting the curved basic rail, in order to ensure the straight track direction, elevation and horizontal attitude of the turnout. Install the turnout fasteners in sequence. Measure the track gauge and support distance of each part with the straight track as the reference and adjust as needed. After adjustment, tighten the turnout fasteners to the designed torque. Within the movable frog range, check the frog throat and wheel flange groove dimensions. Use a pry bar to pry the combined long and short frog rails to the positioning and reverse positions respectively. Check the tightness of the frog rail and the wing rail without installing the electrical equipment. If the tightness is not good, loosen the heel end spacer bolts to ensure that the long and short frog rails are in close contact with the wing rails when prying with a pry bar.

[0030] Step 9, Install electrical equipment: After the overall dimensions of the turnout are roughly adjusted to meet the requirements, install the electrical switch machine, including the installation of the switch and frog switch machine, as well as the joint rough adjustment between the track maintenance and electrical maintenance departments;

[0031] Step 10, Ballast Installation and Track Preparation: The ballast unloaded on both sides of the track is installed on the track, the track bed is repaired, and ballast is added and tamped. Ballast installation and track preparation needs to be carried out three times in succession; multiple tamping operations are carried out within the range of the movable point frog.

[0032] Step 11, turnout fine adjustment: Perform turnout fine adjustment as needed to ensure that the switch support and frame dimensions meet the design requirements. Adjust the frame dimensions, wheel flange groove and throat dimensions of the movable frog to meet the design requirements, and conduct power and electrical commissioning and testing.

[0033] Preferably, in any embodiment, step 10 includes:

[0034] After the track bed is tamped, measure whether the gap between the long core rail and the anti-slip spacer meets the design range. If it exceeds the allowable tolerance, measure the level and height of the movable frog, and adjust it by mechanically lifting the track and tamping the track bed with a small tamping machine.

[0035] Preferably, in any embodiment, the method further includes the following after step 11:

[0036] Step 12, Overall Re-inspection of the Turnout: After the joint fine-tuning of the engineering and electrical systems is completed, the entire turnout is re-inspected, including the re-measurement of each control point of the turnout, the inspection and re-tightening of fastener bolts, to ensure the integrity of the installation.

[0037] Preferably, in any embodiment, step 11 includes:

[0038] The turnout is finely adjusted to ensure that the switch rail and the stock rail meet the requirements of 2mm locking and 4mm non-locking under the operation of the signal switch machine.

[0039] Preferably, in any embodiment, step 11 includes:

[0040] The turnout is fine-tuned to ensure that the long and short point rails fit closely together, that the long and short point rails fit closely together with the wing rails respectively, and that the misalignment of the long and short point rails meets the requirements when they are turned.

[0041] Preferably, in any embodiment, step 11 includes:

[0042] The lever force was tested using a switch machine.

[0043] The movable-point turnout construction method provided by the embodiments of the present invention can accurately, reliably and efficiently realize the installation of movable-point turnouts in urban rail transit. Attached Figure Description

[0044] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be discussed below. Obviously, the technical solutions described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other embodiments and their accompanying drawings can be obtained based on the embodiments shown in these drawings without creative effort.

[0045] Figure 1 This is a schematic flowchart of a method for constructing a movable-point turnout according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0046] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the setting of the branch area control benchmark according to an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0047] The technical solutions of various embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of them. Based on the embodiments described in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0048] Small-number (including No. 7 and No. 9) movable-pole turnouts are products developed for vibration reduction in turnout areas of urban rail transit (such as subways). This is the first such development in China. Due to the differences from traditional fixed-pole turnout structures, there are currently no mature construction methods in China for small-number movable-pole turnouts. Because movable-pole turnouts have a relatively large overall mass, a reasonable turnout laying process is required to ensure the quality of the turnout laying.

[0049] This invention provides a method for constructing movable-point turnouts, which can accurately, reliably, and efficiently achieve the installation of movable-point turnouts in urban rail transit.

[0050] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a method for constructing a movable-point turnout is provided for use in urban rail systems, comprising:

[0051] Step 1, Construction Preparation: Review the turnout construction drawings and related materials, determine the reserved interfaces, cables, and embedded pipelines at the movable frog, verify the quantity and model of each turnout component and verify the switch machine installation clearance space at the movable frog position, and check the position of the long and short frog jumper holes to ensure cable installation.

[0052] Step 2, benchmark setting: re-measure the track and set control benchmarks along the track according to the specifications. In the range of movable frog, the control benchmarks are densified to ensure laying accuracy. Control benchmarks are arranged along the outside of the track at the front, back and center of the turnout. Control benchmarks are added at the traction point of the frog rail and the flexible bendable center point. The control benchmarks are densified at the lateral gauge change of the turnout and at the support position.

[0053] Step 3, Ballast Paving: The bottom layer of ballast is paved using a roller with a compaction force of not less than 160 kPa, compacted in layers to ensure a bottom layer ballast density of not less than 1.6 g / cm³. 3 Check the flatness of the ballast surface to ensure that the error in each direction is no more than 10mm;

[0054] Step 4, Loosely Install Switch Sleepers: Using a combination of human and machine methods, hoist and place the switch sleepers according to the design requirements. The specific steps are as follows:

[0055] (1) Before hoisting the turnout sleeper, the centerline of the turnout is controlled by pulling a wire;

[0056] (2) Determine the position and direction of turnout sleeper No. 1, and ensure that the centerline of turnout sleeper No. 1 coincides longitudinally with the centerline of turnout and is perpendicular to the centerline of turnout laterally.

[0057] (3) Outside the movable frog, take No. 1 frog sleeper as the reference and lay each frog sleeper in sequence at intervals. When laying, use a pull gauge to control the outside of the rail bearing surface at both ends to ensure that it is parallel and perpendicular to No. 1 frog sleeper, so as to eliminate the cumulative error of the frog sleeper spacing and ensure that the frog sleeper position deviation is within ±3mm.

[0058] (4) Within the range of the movable frog, sleepers on both sides of the frog shall be laid with the control benchmark at the frog as the reference, and then sleepers shall be laid on both sides in sequence according to the design spacing of the sleepers. Except for the sleepers on both sides of the traction point, the position deviation of the sleepers in the range of the movable frog shall be within ±2mm.

[0059] (5) The No. 1 turnout sleeper is used as the reference to square the turnout sleeper and is adjusted in coordination with the turnout sleeper spacing. The turnout sleeper positioning is determined by pulling a line based on the bolt hole of the first turnout sleeper on the outside of the straight track. The turnout sleeper is squared by placing two long rulers in parallel and aligning them according to the turnout sleeper spacing.

[0060] (6) After the turnout sleepers are squared, the position of the scattered turnout sleepers is checked with the control benchmark as the base point to ensure the accuracy of the turnout sleeper laying, including checking the sleeper spacing within the range of the movable frog, to prevent difficulties in rail component installation and size adjustment.

[0061] Step 5, On-site assembly of turnouts: Within the switch area, assemble the straight main rail and the curved tip rail, and assemble the curved main rail and the straight tip rail; within the movable frog area, first assemble the two side wing rails, including the installation of pads and top irons; after the long and short frog rails and the intermediate slip mechanism are fixed with bolts, push the whole thing into the center position of the frog rails, and connect the frog rail heel end to the long and short frog rails with the spacer iron;

[0062] Step 6, turnout hoisting and storage: Mark the center position of the turnout sleeper on the top surface of the turnout rail to facilitate positioning between the turnout sleeper and the site. Then, smoothly transport the assembled straight main rail-curved tip rail assembly, curved main rail-straight tip rail assembly, and wing rail-long and short center rail assembly to the working face.

[0063] Step 7, Turnout Assembly: Starting from the turnout head, lay the rails out sequentially from front to back, following the principle of straight rails first, then curved rails, and switch gates first, then frogs. Move the rails into the rail bearing grooves, and then connect the rails and align them. Install the switch rail and stock rail assemblies and align them. Move the movable frog as a whole to ensure that all indicators between the long and short frogs and the wing rails are normal. Lay the connecting rails, leaving an 8mm rail gap. Except for the movable frog, install the fasteners in sequence and align them properly in other positions.

[0064] Step 8, Turnout coarse adjustment: Within the switch range, adjust the turnout's base rail according to the control benchmark at the turnout and the principle of straightening the base rail first and then adjusting the curved base rail, in order to ensure the turnout's straight track orientation, elevation, and horizontal attitude. Install the turnout fasteners in sequence, measure the track gauge and support distance of each part with the straight track as the reference, and adjust as needed. After adjustment, tighten the turnout fasteners to the designed torque. Within the movable frog range, check the throat and flange groove dimensions. Use a pry bar to pry the assembled long and short frog rails to the positioning and reverse positions respectively. Check the natural fit between the frog rail and the wing rail without installing electrical equipment. If the fit is not good, loosen the end spacer bolts to ensure that the long and short frog rails fit tightly with the wing rails respectively when prying with a pry bar.

[0065] Step 9, Install electrical equipment: After the overall dimensions of the turnout are roughly adjusted to meet the requirements, install the electrical switch machine, including the installation of the switch and frog switch machine, as well as the joint rough adjustment between the track maintenance and electrical maintenance departments;

[0066] Step 10, Ballast Installation and Track Preparation: The ballast unloaded on both sides of the track is installed on the track, the track bed is repaired, and ballast is added and tamped. Ballast installation and track preparation needs to be carried out three times in succession; multiple tamping operations are carried out within the range of the movable point frog.

[0067] Step 11, turnout fine adjustment: Perform turnout fine adjustment as needed to ensure that the switch support and frame dimensions meet the design requirements. Adjust the frame dimensions, wheel flange groove and throat dimensions of the movable frog to meet the design requirements, and conduct power and electrical commissioning and testing.

[0068] In this way, through the above steps, the assembly and on-site installation of each component of the movable-point turnout frog are realized, and the high-precision laying of the movable-point turnout is achieved through phased coarse and fine adjustments. At the same time, the engineering and electrical commissioning and testing are carried out to ensure the reliability and safety of the overall quality of the turnout.

[0069] Therefore, it can be seen that the movable turnout construction method provided by the embodiments of the present invention can accurately, reliably and efficiently realize the installation of movable turnouts in urban rail transit.

[0070] Optionally, in any embodiment, the movable point turnout construction method is used for laying small-radius (small number, such as No. 7, No. 9 or smaller) movable point turnouts with a radius of less than 150m, which can effectively improve the turnout laying accuracy and construction efficiency.

[0071] Preferably, in any embodiment, step 10 includes:

[0072] After the track bed is tamped, measure whether the gap between the long core rail and the anti-slip spacer meets the design range. If it exceeds the allowable tolerance, measure the level and height of the movable frog, and adjust it by mechanically lifting the track and tamping the track bed with a small tamping machine.

[0073] Optionally, in any embodiment, the gap between the long center rail and the anti-slip spacer in step 10 is measured at intervals of one revolution.

[0074] Optionally, in any embodiment, step 10 involves measuring the gap between the long core rail and the anti-slip spacer, and the measurement is completed after at least three consecutive measurements that meet the design specifications.

[0075] Optionally, in any embodiment, step 10, the ballast leveling, may include the following steps:

[0076] The first pass of ballast laying is for ballast preparation, during which ballast can be added and triangular pits can be eliminated;

[0077] The second round of ballast preparation can include even jointing, square pillowing, ballast stringing, and tamping.

[0078] Perform directional adjustment and use a square pillow;

[0079] The third round of ballast preparation includes ballast setting, leveling, tamping, and ballast adjustment.

[0080] Switch adjustment and inspection.

[0081] Preferably, in any embodiment, the method further includes the following after step 11:

[0082] Step 12, Overall Re-inspection of the Turnout: After the joint fine-tuning of the engineering and electrical systems is completed, the entire turnout is re-inspected, including the re-measurement of each control point of the turnout, the inspection and re-tightening of fastener bolts, to ensure the integrity of the installation.

[0083] Preferably, in any embodiment, step 11 includes:

[0084] The turnout is finely adjusted to ensure that the switch rail and the stock rail meet the requirements of 2mm locking and 4mm non-locking under the operation of the signal switch machine.

[0085] Optionally, in any embodiment, step 11 includes:

[0086] Adjust the pulling time for positive and negative positions, and the tightness of the short center rail and the wing rail. When the tightness is not good, slowly loosen the nuts of the first two bolts of the misalignment device to achieve a tight fit. Ideally, the bolts should not be loosened by more than four turns.

[0087] Optionally, in any embodiment, step 11 includes:

[0088] During the process of loosening the bolts, measure the tightness between the long and short mandrels and the misalignment between them. If the misalignment between the long and short mandrels is not good, further loosen the nuts of the first two bolts to ensure that the misalignment between the long and short mandrels is approximately in the range of 7 to 9 mm.

[0089] Optionally, in any embodiment, step 11 includes:

[0090] When the long and short guide rails are in close contact for more than 2mm except at the tip, tighten the nuts of the first two bolts appropriately.

[0091] Preferably, in any embodiment, step 11 includes:

[0092] The turnout is fine-tuned to ensure that the long and short point rails fit closely together, that the long and short point rails fit closely together with the wing rails respectively, and that the misalignment of the long and short point rails meets the requirements when they are turned.

[0093] Optionally, in any embodiment, step 11 includes:

[0094] When the sealing does not meet the requirements, adjustments can be made by removing and installing the adjustment piece.

[0095] Preferably, in any embodiment, step 11 includes:

[0096] The lever force was tested using a switch machine.

[0097] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a method for laying movable turnouts with small numbers (e.g., No. 7) is provided, which not only effectively improves the laying accuracy of turnouts, but also saves engineering time and improves construction efficiency, thus having good economic and social benefits.

[0098] In a preferred embodiment, a method for constructing a small-number (e.g., No. 7) movable turnout for an urban rail system is provided, comprising the following steps:

[0099] Step 1, Construction Preparation: Collect and review the turnout construction drawings to ensure all design drawings and related materials are complete. Verify the interface professional documents and determine the reserved interfaces, cables, and pre-buried pipelines at the small movable frog location with various interface professional departments (such as clearance, signaling, power supply, and various professional rail crossing pipelines) that may affect subsequent construction. Verify that the quantity and model of each turnout component are complete. This step differs from the laying of the No. 7 fixed turnout in that it requires verifying the clearance space for the switch machine installation at the movable frog location to ensure the switch machine installation; check the location of the long and short frog jumper holes to ensure the subsequent installation of power supply cables.

[0100] Step 2, Benchmark Setting: Before the construction of the ballasted track bed, the track is re-measured according to the design requirements, and control benchmarks are set along the track according to specifications. Unlike the laying of the No. 7 fixed turnout, to facilitate the adjustment of the frame within the movable frog range, the laying accuracy of the movable frog needs to be controlled, and the control benchmarks within the movable frog range are densified. The control benchmarks at the turnout are arranged along the outer side of the track. Control benchmarks are set before, after, and at the turnout center. Additional control benchmarks are set at the frog traction point and the flexible bendable center point. In addition, denser (i.e., more densely arranged) control benchmarks are set at the lateral gauge changes and support points of the turnout to ensure that the frame dimensions meet the design requirements when the turnout is laid. The control benchmarks in the turnout area can be set as follows: Figure 2 As shown.

[0101] Step 3, Ballast Paving: The bottom layer of ballast is paved manually in conjunction with a loader. A road roller with a pressure of not less than 160 kPa is used for layered compaction to ensure that the density of the bottom layer of ballast is not less than 1.6 g / cm3. The flatness of the ballast surface (which can be checked with a 3m straightedge) should not have an error of more than 10 mm in any direction.

[0102] Step 4, Loosely Laying Switch Sleepers: Using a combination of human and machine methods, hoist and place the switch sleepers according to the direction and numbering shown in the drawings. The specific steps are as follows:

[0103] (1) Before the turnout sleeper is hoisted, the turnout centerline is controlled by pulling the wire.

[0104] (2) Determine the position and direction of turnout sleeper No. 1, and ensure that the centerline of turnout sleeper No. 1 coincides with the turnout centerline longitudinally and is perpendicular to the turnout centerline laterally.

[0105] (3) Outside the movable frog, take No. 1 frog sleeper as the reference and lay the frog sleepers in sequence according to the spacing in the drawing. When laying, use a measuring tape to control the outside of the rail bearing surface at both ends to ensure that they are parallel and perpendicular to No. 1 frog sleeper, so as to eliminate the cumulative error of the frog sleeper spacing and ensure that the frog sleeper position deviation is no more than ±3mm.

[0106] (4) Within the range of the movable frog, the sleepers on both sides of the frog shall be laid with the control benchmark at the frog as the reference, and then the sleepers shall be laid in sequence according to the design spacing of the sleepers. Except for the sleepers on both sides of the traction point, the position deviation of the sleepers in the range of the movable frog shall be guaranteed to be within ±2mm; the spacing of the sleepers on both sides of the traction point shall be laid strictly in accordance with the drawings.

[0107] (5) The squareness of the turnout sleeper is based on No. 1 and is adjusted in conjunction with the turnout sleeper spacing. The turnout sleeper positioning is determined by pulling a line based on the bolt hole of the first turnout sleeper on the outer side of the straight track. The squareness of the turnout sleeper should be achieved by placing two long rulers in parallel and aligning them according to the turnout sleeper spacing.

[0108] (6) After the turnout sleepers are squared, the position of the scattered turnout sleepers is checked with the control benchmark as the base point to ensure the accuracy of the turnout sleeper laying. The sleeper spacing in the range of the movable frog needs to be checked in particular to prevent difficulties in rail installation and size adjustment.

[0109] Step 5, On-site assembly of turnouts: Within the switch area, assemble the straight main rail and the curved tip rail, and assemble the curved main rail and the straight tip rail, and bind them together as a whole; within the movable frog area, first assemble the two side wing rails, including the installation of pads and top irons; after the long and short frog rails and the intermediate slip device are fixed with bolts, push them into the center position of the wing rails as a whole, and connect the heel end of the wing rails to the long and short frog rails with the spacer irons.

[0110] Step 6, Turnout hoisting and storage: The turnout is assembled on-site at the designated location. After passing inspection, the various parts are grouped and numbered. The center position of the turnout sleeper is marked on the top surface of the turnout rails for easy on-site adjustment. Then, a crane is used to transport the turnout components (including the straight main rail-curved switch rail assembly, the curved main rail-straight switch rail assembly, and the wing rail-long and short center rail assembly) to their corresponding positions, followed by manual transport to the working face. Turnouts should be handled using specialized machinery. Any handling methods that cause plastic deformation during hoisting are prohibited, such as directly pushing the rail off the vehicle or single-point hoisting. For rails 10-20m in length, the maximum allowable distance between hoisting points is 4m, and the distance between the rail head and the nearest hoisting point should not exceed 3m.

[0111] Step 7, Turnout Assembly: Starting from the turnout head, lay the rails out sequentially from front to back, following the principle of straight rails first, then curved rails, and switch gates first, then frogs. Position the rails into the rail bearing slots, then connect and align the rails. Install the switch rail-stock rail assembly, ensuring it is aligned and square. When installing the movable frog, due to the large number of frog components, to ensure normal parameters between the long and short frogs and wing rails, the movable frog needs to be moved as a whole (including wing rails, frogs, all components, fasteners, and pads; disassembly is strictly prohibited). During installation, ensure basic alignment and that the direction basically meets requirements for easy subsequent fine-tuning. When laying connecting rails, leave an 8mm gap. Except for the movable frog, install and align the fasteners in sequence at other locations.

[0112] Step 8, Turnout Coarse Adjustment: Within the switch area, adjust the turnout's base rail according to the control benchmark at the turnout and the principle of straightening the base rail first and then adjusting the curved base rail, to ensure the turnout's straight track orientation, elevation, and horizontal orientation. Install the turnout fasteners in sequence, measure the track gauge and support distance at each part with the straight track as the reference, and adjust as needed. After adjustment, tighten the turnout fasteners to the designed torque. Within the movable frog area, check the frog throat and wheel flange groove dimensions. Use a pry bar to pry the assembled long and short frog rails to the positioning and reverse positions respectively. Check the tightness of the frog rail and the wing rail without installing the electrical equipment. If the tightness is not good, loosen the heel end spacer bolts to ensure that the long and short frog rails are tightly fitted to the wing rails when prying with a pry bar.

[0113] Step 9, Install electrical equipment: After the overall dimensions of the turnout are roughly adjusted to meet the requirements, install the electrical switch machine, including the installation of the switch and frog switch machine, as well as the joint rough adjustment between the track maintenance and electrical maintenance departments.

[0114] Step 10, Ballast Installation and Track Preparation: The ballast unloaded on both sides of the track is installed onto the track using excavators or other machinery. The track bed is then prepared (the cross-sectional shape of the shoulders and other sections must meet the specifications), and additional ballast is added and the track bed is tamped. Ballast installation and track preparation must be carried out three times. Unlike ballast installation on fixed frogs, the area around the movable frog requires multiple tamping operations to ensure track bed density and prevent uneven settlement of the movable frog due to insufficient density. After track bed tamping, the gap between the long frog and the anti-slip spacer is measured at 1 / 2-circle intervals to determine if it meets the design range. If it exceeds the allowable tolerance, the level and height of the movable frog must be measured, and adjustments are made by mechanically lifting the track and tamping the track bed with a small tamping machine. This process must be repeated three times until the requirements are met before stopping.

[0115] Step 11, Turnout Fine-tuning and Electrical / Electrical Joint Commissioning and Testing: Ensure that the switch section's offset and frame dimensions meet design requirements. Under the condition of the electrical switch machine, the switch rail and stock rail should achieve a 2mm locking and a 4mm unlocking requirement. If the fit is not met, adjust by disassembling and assembling the adjusting shims. Adjust the frame dimensions, wheel flange groove, and throat dimensions of the movable frog section to meet design requirements. After this, conduct electrical / electrical joint commissioning and testing, adjusting the forward and reverse pulling time and the fit between the short frog rail and the wing rail. If poor fit is found, slowly loosen the nuts of the first two bolts of the misalignment device, repeatedly trying to achieve a tight fit. The bolts should not be loosened more than four turns. Furthermore... During the loosening of the bolts, the tightness between the long and short point rails and the misalignment between them are measured. If the misalignment between the long and short point rails is found to be poor, the nuts of the first two bolts need to be loosened further to ensure that the misalignment between the long and short point rails is approximately in the range of 7-9mm. If the tightness between the long and short point rails is found to be greater than 2mm except at the tip, the nuts of the first two bolts need to be tightened appropriately. The above steps are repeated to finally achieve three standards: tightness between the long and short point rails, tightness between the long and short point rails and the wing rails respectively, and the misalignment of the long and short point rails meets the requirements when the switch is turned. The turning force is tested by the switch machine. Based on the test results, the above adjustment steps are repeated to achieve fine adjustment by combining engineering and electrical systems.

[0116] Among them, due to the large amount of misalignment between movable point frogs and long and short point frogs, misalignment devices are installed inside the long and short point frogs. The misalignment devices are specially designed for small movable point frogs. The four bolts are pre-tightened in the factory assembly. When conducting joint commissioning with the signal, the front and rear nuts need to be loosened appropriately until the turning force meets the rated power of the switch machine, and then re-tightened to ensure that the turning force of the point frog and the close contact of the long and short point frogs meet the requirements at the same time.

[0117] Step 12, Overall Re-inspection of the Turnout: After the joint fine-tuning of the engineering and electrical systems is completed, the entire turnout is re-inspected, including the re-measurement of each control point of the turnout, the inspection and re-tightening of fastener bolts, to ensure the integrity of the installation.

[0118] Figure 1 This is a schematic flowchart of a method for constructing a movable-point turnout according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0119] exist Figure 1 The illustrated embodiment shows a method for constructing a movable-point turnout for use in urban rail systems, comprising:

[0120] Step 1, Construction Preparation: Review the turnout construction drawings and related materials, determine the reserved interfaces, cables, and embedded pipelines at the movable frog, verify the quantity and model of each turnout component and verify the switch machine installation clearance space at the movable frog position, and check the position of the long and short frog jumper holes to ensure cable installation.

[0121] Step 2, benchmark setting: re-measure the track and set control benchmarks along the track according to the specifications. In the range of movable frog, the control benchmarks are densified to ensure laying accuracy. Control benchmarks are arranged along the outside of the track at the front, back and center of the turnout. Control benchmarks are added at the traction point of the frog rail and the flexible bendable center point. The control benchmarks are densified at the lateral gauge change of the turnout and at the support position.

[0122] Step 3, Ballast Paving: The bottom layer of ballast is paved using a roller with a compaction force of not less than 160 kPa, compacted in layers to ensure a bottom layer ballast density of not less than 1.6 g / cm³. 3 Check the flatness of the ballast surface to ensure that the error in each direction is no more than 10mm;

[0123] Step 4, Loosely install the switch sleepers: Using a combination of human and machine methods, hoist and place the switch sleepers according to the design requirements;

[0124] Step 5, On-site assembly of turnouts: Within the switch area, assemble the straight main rail and the curved tip rail, and assemble the curved main rail and the straight tip rail; within the movable frog area, first assemble the two side wing rails, including the installation of pads and top irons; after the long and short frog rails and the intermediate slip mechanism are fixed with bolts, push the whole thing into the center position of the frog rails, and connect the frog rail heel end to the long and short frog rails with the spacer iron;

[0125] Step 6, turnout hoisting and storage: Mark the center position of the turnout sleeper on the top surface of the turnout rail to facilitate positioning between the turnout sleeper and the site. Then, smoothly transport the assembled straight main rail-curved tip rail assembly, curved main rail-straight tip rail assembly, and wing rail-long and short center rail assembly to the working face.

[0126] Step 7, Turnout Assembly: Starting from the turnout head, lay the rails out sequentially from front to back, following the principle of straight rails first, then curved rails, and switch gates first, then frogs. Move the rails into the rail bearing grooves, and then connect the rails and align them. Install the switch rail and stock rail assemblies and align them. Move the movable frog as a whole to ensure that all indicators between the long and short frogs and the wing rails are normal. Lay the connecting rails, leaving an 8mm rail gap. Except for the movable frog, install the fasteners in sequence and align them properly in other positions.

[0127] Step 8, Turnout coarse adjustment: Within the switch range, adjust the turnout's base rail according to the control benchmark at the turnout and the principle of straightening the base rail first and then adjusting the curved base rail, in order to ensure the turnout's straight track orientation, elevation, and horizontal attitude. Install the turnout fasteners in sequence, measure the track gauge and support distance of each part with the straight track as the reference, and adjust as needed. After adjustment, tighten the turnout fasteners to the designed torque. Within the movable frog range, check the throat and flange groove dimensions. Use a pry bar to pry the assembled long and short frog rails to the positioning and reverse positions respectively. Check the natural fit between the frog rail and the wing rail without installing electrical equipment. If the fit is not good, loosen the end spacer bolts to ensure that the long and short frog rails fit tightly with the wing rails respectively when prying with a pry bar.

[0128] Step 9, Install electrical equipment: After the overall dimensions of the turnout are roughly adjusted to meet the requirements, install the electrical switch machine, including the installation of the switch and frog switch machine, as well as the joint rough adjustment between the track maintenance and electrical maintenance departments;

[0129] Step 10, Ballast Installation and Track Preparation: The ballast unloaded on both sides of the track is installed on the track, the track bed is repaired, and ballast is added and tamped. Ballast installation and track preparation needs to be carried out three times in succession; multiple tamping operations are carried out within the range of the movable point frog.

[0130] Step 11, turnout fine adjustment: Perform turnout fine adjustment as needed to ensure that the switch support and frame dimensions meet the design requirements. Adjust the frame dimensions, wheel flange groove and throat dimensions of the movable frog to meet the design requirements, and conduct power and electrical commissioning and testing.

[0131] The movable-point turnout construction method provided by the embodiments of the present invention can accurately, reliably and efficiently realize the installation of movable-point turnouts in urban rail transit.

[0132] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0133] In the description of multiple elements in this document, multiple parallel features connected by "and / or" refer to one or more (or one or more) of these parallel features. For example, "first element and / or second element" means one or more of the first element and the second element, that is, only the first element, or only the second element, or the first element and the second element (both exist simultaneously).

[0134] The various embodiments provided in this invention can be combined with each other as needed. For example, features from any two, three or more embodiments can be combined to form new embodiments of this invention, which are also within the protection scope of this invention, unless otherwise stated or technically contradictory and cannot be implemented.

[0135] The above description is merely an exemplary embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A movable heart turnout construction method for urban rail systems, characterized by, include: Step 1, Construction Preparation: Review the turnout construction drawings and related materials, determine the reserved interfaces, cables, and embedded pipelines at the movable frog, verify the quantity and model of each turnout component and verify the switch machine installation clearance space at the movable frog position, and check the position of the long and short frog jumper holes to ensure cable installation. Step 2, benchmark setting: re-measure the track and set control benchmarks along the track according to the specifications. In the range of movable frog, the control benchmarks are densified to ensure laying accuracy. Control benchmarks are arranged along the outside of the track at the front, back and center of the turnout. Control benchmarks are added at the traction point of the frog rail and the flexible bendable center point. The control benchmarks are densified at the lateral gauge change of the turnout and at the support position. Step 3, Ballast Paving: The bottom layer of ballast is paved using a roller with a compaction force of not less than 160 kPa, compacted in layers to ensure a bottom layer ballast density of not less than 1.6 g / cm³. 3 Check the flatness of the ballast surface to ensure that the error in each direction is no more than 10mm; Step 4, Loosely Install Switch Sleepers: Using a combination of human and machine methods, hoist and place the switch sleepers according to the design requirements. The specific steps are as follows: (1) Before hoisting the turnout sleeper, the turnout centerline is controlled by pulling wires; (2) Determine the position and direction of turnout sleeper No. 1, and ensure that the centerline of turnout sleeper No. 1 coincides with the turnout centerline longitudinally and is perpendicular to the turnout centerline laterally; (3) Except for the movable frog range, the frogs are laid in sequence with No. 1 frog as the reference. When laying, the pull gauge is used on the outside of the rail bearing surface at both ends to ensure that they are parallel to No. 1 frog, so as to eliminate the cumulative error of the frog spacing and ensure that the frog position deviation is within ±3mm. (4) Within the range of the movable frog, sleepers on both sides of the frog shall be laid with the control benchmark at the frog as the reference, and then sleepers shall be laid on both sides in sequence according to the design spacing of the sleepers. Except for the sleepers on both sides of the traction point, the position deviation of the sleepers in the range of the movable frog shall be within ±2mm. (5) The No. 1 turnout sleeper is used as the reference to square the turnout sleeper and is adjusted in coordination with the turnout sleeper spacing. The turnout sleeper positioning is determined by pulling a line based on the bolt hole of the first turnout sleeper on the outside of the straight track. The turnout sleeper is squared by placing two long rulers in parallel and aligning them according to the turnout sleeper spacing. (6) After the turnout sleepers are squared, the position of the scattered turnout sleepers is checked with the control benchmark as the base point to ensure the accuracy of the turnout sleeper laying, including checking the sleeper spacing within the range of the movable frog, to prevent difficulties in rail installation and size adjustment. Step 5, On-site assembly of turnouts: Within the switch area, assemble the straight main rail and the curved tip rail, and assemble the curved main rail and the straight tip rail; within the movable frog area, first assemble the two side wing rails, including the installation of pads and top irons; after the long and short frog rails and the intermediate slip device set between the long and short frog rails are fixed with bolts, push the whole thing into the center position of the wing rails, and connect the heel end of the wing rails to the long and short frog rails with the spacer iron; Step 6, turnout hoisting and storage: Mark the center position of the turnout sleeper on the top surface of the turnout rail to facilitate positioning between the turnout sleeper and the site. Then, smoothly transport the assembled straight main rail-curved tip rail assembly, curved main rail-straight tip rail assembly, and wing rail-long and short center rail assembly to the working face. Step 7, Turnout Assembly: Starting from the turnout head, lay the rails out sequentially from front to back, following the principle of straight rails first, then curved rails, and switch gates first, then frogs. Move the rails into the rail bearing grooves, and then connect the rails and align them. Install the switch rail and stock rail assemblies and align them. Move the movable frog as a whole to ensure that all indicators between the long and short frogs and the wing rails are normal. Lay the connecting rails, leaving an 8mm rail gap. Except for the movable frog, install the fasteners in sequence and align them properly in other positions. Step 8, coarse adjustment of the turnout: Within the switch range, adjust the basic rail of the turnout according to the control benchmark at the turnout and the principle of straightening the basic rail first and then adjusting the curved basic rail, in order to ensure the straight track direction, elevation and horizontal attitude of the turnout. Install the turnout fasteners in sequence. Measure the track gauge and support distance of each part with the straight track as the reference and adjust as needed. After adjustment, tighten the turnout fasteners to the designed torque. Within the movable frog range, check the frog throat and wheel flange groove dimensions. Use a pry bar to pry the combined long and short frog rails to the positioning and reverse positions respectively. Check the tightness of the frog rail and the wing rail without installing the electrical equipment. If the tightness is not good, loosen the heel end spacer bolts to ensure that the long and short frog rails are in close contact with the wing rails when prying with a pry bar. Step 9, Install electrical equipment: After the overall dimensions of the turnout are roughly adjusted to meet the requirements, install the electrical switch machine, including the installation of the switch and frog switch machine, as well as the joint rough adjustment between the track maintenance and electrical maintenance departments; Step 10, Ballast Installation and Track Preparation: The ballast unloaded on both sides of the track is installed on the track, the track bed is repaired, and ballast is added and tamped. Ballast installation and track preparation needs to be carried out three times in succession; multiple tamping operations are carried out within the movable frog area. Step 11, turnout fine adjustment: Perform turnout fine adjustment as needed to ensure that the switch support and frame dimensions meet the design requirements. Adjust the frame dimensions, wheel flange groove and throat dimensions of the movable frog to meet the design requirements, and conduct power and electrical commissioning and testing.

2. The method for constructing a movable turnout as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Step 10 includes: After the track bed is tamped, measure whether the gap between the long core rail and the anti-slip spacer meets the design range. If it exceeds the allowable tolerance, measure the level and height of the movable frog, and adjust it by mechanically lifting the track and tamping the track bed with a small tamping machine.

3. The movable heart valve construction method of claim 1, wherein, The process after step 11 also includes: Step 12, Overall Re-inspection of the Turnout: After the joint fine-tuning of the engineering and electrical systems is completed, the entire turnout is re-inspected, including the re-measurement of each control point of the turnout, the inspection and re-tightening of fastener bolts, to ensure the integrity of the installation.

4. The movable heart valve construction method of claim 1, wherein, Step 11 includes: The turnout is finely adjusted to ensure that the switch rail and the stock rail meet the requirements of 2mm locking and 4mm non-locking under the operation of the signal switch machine.

5. The movable heart valve construction method of claim 1, wherein, Step 11 includes: The turnout is fine-tuned to ensure that the long and short point rails fit closely together, that the long and short point rails fit closely together with the wing rails respectively, and that the misalignment of the long and short point rails meets the requirements when they are turned.

6. The movable heart valve construction method of claim 1, wherein, Step 11 includes: The lever force was tested using a switch machine.

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