Antenna system

Abstract

An antenna system. The antenna system includes a first antenna element, a second antenna element, a dielectric substrate, a first reflector plate, and a second reflector plate; the first antenna element and the second antenna element are disposed on the dielectric substrate; the first reflector plate is adjacent to the dielectric substrate; the second reflector plate is coupled to the first reflector plate, wherein a first included angle is formed between the first reflector plate and the second reflector plate; the antenna system provides a relatively large half-power beamwidth. The present invention proposes a novel antenna system, compared with the traditional design, the antenna system of the present invention has at least the advantages of larger half-power beamwidth, higher front-to-back ratio, and lower manufacturing cost, so it is very suitable for application in various communication devices.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to an antenna system, and more particularly to an antenna system with a large beamwidth. Background Technology

[0002] With the advancement of mobile communication technology, mobile devices have become increasingly common in recent years, such as laptops, mobile phones, multimedia players, and other portable electronic devices with multiple functions. To meet people's needs, mobile devices typically have wireless communication capabilities. Some cover long-range wireless communication ranges; for example, mobile phones use 2G, 3G, and LTE (Long Term Evolution) systems and the frequency bands of 700MHz, 850MHz, 900MHz, 1800MHz, 1900MHz, 2100MHz, 2300MHz, and 2500MHz. Others cover short-range wireless communication ranges; for example, Wi-Fi and Bluetooth systems use the frequency bands of 2.4GHz, 5.2GHz, and 5.8GHz.

[0003] Antennas are indispensable components in the field of wireless communication. If the beamwidth of an antenna used for receiving or transmitting signals is insufficient, it can easily lead to a degradation in the communication quality of related devices. Therefore, designing antenna elements with small size and large beamwidth is an important task for antenna designers.

[0004] Therefore, an antenna system is needed to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In a preferred embodiment, the present invention provides an antenna system comprising: a first antenna element; a second antenna element; a dielectric substrate, wherein both the first antenna element and the second antenna element are disposed on the dielectric substrate; a first reflector adjacent to the dielectric substrate; and a second reflector coupled to the first reflector, wherein a first angle is formed between the first reflector and the second reflector; wherein the antenna system provides a relatively large half-power beamwidth (HPBW).

[0006] In some embodiments, the half-power beamwidth of the antenna system is between 90 and 180 degrees.

[0007] In some embodiments, the antenna system covers an operating frequency band between 2300 MHz and 2700 MHz.

[0008] In some embodiments, the first antenna element and the second antenna element are each a dipole antenna.

[0009] In some embodiments, the first included angle is calculated according to the following equation:

[0010]

[0011] Where “θ1” represents the first included angle, “θB” represents the half-power beamwidth, and “K1” represents a first adjustment constant between 0.8 and 1.2.

[0012] In some embodiments, a second angle is formed between the first reflector and the dielectric substrate, and a third angle is formed between the second reflector and the dielectric substrate, wherein the second angle and the third angle are approximately equal.

[0013] In some embodiments, the length of the first reflector is calculated according to the following equation:

[0014]

[0015] Where “L1” represents the length of the first reflector, “λ” represents the wavelength of the center frequency of the operating band, and “K2” represents a second adjustment constant between 0.7 and 2.

[0016] In some embodiments, the length of the second reflector is calculated according to the following equation:

[0017]

[0018] Where “L2” represents the length of the second reflector, “λ” represents the wavelength of the center frequency of the operating band, and “K2” represents a second adjustment constant between 0.7 and 2.

[0019] In some embodiments, the antenna system further includes a third reflector coupled to the first reflector and the second reflector, wherein the third reflector is located between the first antenna element and the second antenna element.

[0020] In some embodiments, the combination of the first reflector, the second reflector, and the third reflector generally forms a Y shape.

[0021] In some embodiments, the length of the third reflector is calculated according to the following equation:

[0022]

[0023] Where “L3” represents the length of the third reflector, “λ” represents the wavelength of the center frequency of the operating band, and “K3” represents a third adjustment constant between 0 and 1.5.

[0024] In some embodiments, the antenna system further includes: a first transmission line, wherein a signal source is coupled to a first antenna element via the first transmission line; and a second transmission line, wherein the signal source is also coupled to a second antenna element via the second transmission line.

[0025] In some embodiments, the dielectric substrate has a first surface and a second surface opposite to each other.

[0026] In some embodiments, the first antenna element includes: a first radiating portion disposed on a first surface of a dielectric substrate; and a second radiating portion disposed on a second surface of the dielectric substrate, wherein the first radiating portion and the second radiating portion extend in substantially opposite directions.

[0027] In some embodiments, the length of each of the first radiating portion and the second radiating portion is approximately equal to 0.25 times the wavelength of the center frequency of the operating frequency band.

[0028] In some embodiments, the second antenna element includes: a third radiating portion disposed on a first surface of a dielectric substrate; and a fourth radiating portion disposed on a second surface of the dielectric substrate, wherein the third radiating portion and the fourth radiating portion extend in substantially opposite directions.

[0029] In some embodiments, the length of each of the third and fourth radiating portions is approximately equal to 0.25 times the wavelength of the center frequency of the operating band.

[0030] In some embodiments, a first distance exists between a center point of the second radiating portion and the first reflector, while a second distance exists between a center point of the fourth radiating portion and the second reflector.

[0031] In some embodiments, the first spacing is calculated according to the following equation:

[0032]

[0033] Where “D1” represents the first pitch, “λ” represents the wavelength of the center frequency of the operating band, and “K4” represents a fourth adjustment constant between 0.7 and 2.

[0034] In some embodiments, the second spacing is calculated according to the following equation:

[0035]

[0036] Where “D2” represents the second pitch, “λ” represents the wavelength of the center frequency of the operating band, and “K4” represents a fourth adjustment constant between 0.7 and 2.

[0037] This invention proposes a novel antenna system. Compared to traditional designs, the antenna system of this invention has advantages such as a larger half-power beamwidth, a higher front-to-back ratio, and lower manufacturing cost, making it well-suited for use in a wide variety of communication devices. Attached Figure Description

[0038] Figure 1 This shows a cross-sectional view of an antenna system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0039] Figure 2A A perspective view of an antenna system according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0040] Figure 2B This shows a cross-sectional view of an antenna system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0041] Figure 3 This diagram shows the radiation pattern of an antenna system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0042] Explanation of key component symbols:

[0043] 100 and 200 antenna systems

[0044] 110, 210 First antenna element

[0045] 120, 220 Second Antenna Element

[0046] 130, 230 dielectric substrates

[0047] 140, 240 First reflector

[0048] 150, 250 Second Reflector

[0049] 214 First Radiation Department

[0050] 215 Second Radiation Section

[0051] 224 Third Radiation Department

[0052] 225 Fourth Radiation Section

[0053] 260 Third Reflector

[0054] 270 First transmission line

[0055] 280 Second transmission line

[0056] 290 signal source

[0057] CP1, CP2 center points

[0058] D1 First Spacing

[0059] D2 Second Spacing

[0060] The first surface of the E1 dielectric substrate

[0061] The second surface of the E2 dielectric substrate

[0062] Lengths of L1, L2, L3, L4, L5, L6, and L7

[0063] LS profile

[0064] XX axis

[0065] YY axis

[0066] ZZ axis

[0067] θ1 First included angle

[0068] θ2 Second included angle

[0069] θ3 Third included angle

[0070] θB Half-power beamwidth Detailed Implementation

[0071] To make the objectives, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, specific embodiments of the present invention are described below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0072] Certain terms are used in the specification and claims to refer to specific elements. Those skilled in the art will understand that hardware manufacturers may use different names to refer to the same element. This specification and claims do not distinguish elements by differences in name, but rather by differences in function. The terms "comprising" and "including" used throughout the specification and claims are open-ended and should be interpreted as "comprising but not limited to." The term "generally" means that within an acceptable margin of error, those skilled in the art can solve the technical problem and achieve the basic technical effect within a certain margin of error. Furthermore, the term "coupled" in this specification includes any direct and indirect electrical connection means. Therefore, if a first device is described as coupled to a second device, it means that the first device can be directly electrically connected to the second device, or indirectly electrically connected to the second device via other devices or connection means.

[0073] The following disclosure provides many different embodiments or examples to implement the various features of this invention. The following disclosure describes specific examples of the various components and their arrangements for simplification. Of course, these specific examples are not intended to be limiting. For example, if this specification describes a first feature formed on or above a second feature, it indicates that it may include embodiments where the first and second features are in direct contact, or embodiments where additional features are formed between the first and second features, so that the first and second features may not be in direct contact. Furthermore, the same reference numerals and / or designations may be used repeatedly in different examples of the following specification. These repetitions are for simplification and clarity and are not intended to limit any specific relationship between the different embodiments or / and structures discussed.

[0074] Furthermore, spatially related terms, such as "below," "below," "lower," "above," "higher," and similar terms, are used to facilitate the description of the relationship between one element or feature and another element(s) in the illustration. In addition to the orientations shown in the accompanying drawings, these spatially related terms are intended to encompass different orientations of the device in use or operation. The device may be rotated to different orientations (90 degrees or other orientations), and the spatially related terms used herein can be interpreted in the same way.

[0075] Figure 1 This diagram shows a cross-sectional view of an antenna system 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention. For example, the antenna system 100 can be applied to a wireless access point, but is not limited thereto. Figure 1 In one embodiment, the antenna system 100 includes at least: a first antenna element 110, a second antenna element 120, a dielectric substrate 130, a first reflective plate 140, and a second reflective plate 150, wherein the first antenna element 110, the second antenna element 120, the first reflective plate 140, and the second reflective plate 150 can all be made of metal materials, such as copper, silver, aluminum, iron, or their alloys.

[0076] The shape and type of the first antenna element 110 and the second antenna element 120 are not particularly limited in this invention. For example, the first antenna element 110 and the second antenna element 120 may each be a monopole antenna, a dipole antenna, a patch antenna, a loop antenna, a planar inverted F antenna (PIFA), or a hybrid antenna.

[0077] The dielectric substrate 130 may be an FR4 (Flame Retardant 4) substrate, a printed circuit board (PCB), or a flexible printed circuit (FPC), but is not limited to these. The first antenna element 110 and the second antenna element 120 are both disposed on the dielectric substrate 130. In some embodiments, the first antenna element 110 and the second antenna element 120 may be distributed on the same surface of the dielectric substrate 130. In other embodiments, the first antenna element 110 and the second antenna element 120 may also be distributed on different surfaces of the dielectric substrate 130.

[0078] The first reflector 140 and the second reflector 150 are coupled to each other, wherein a first angle θ1 can be formed between the first reflector 140 and the second reflector 150. Generally speaking, the first reflector 140 and the second reflector 150 can be used to enhance the radiation gain of the first antenna element 110 and the second antenna element 120. In some embodiments, both the first reflector 140 and the second reflector 150 are adjacent to the dielectric substrate 130. It should be noted that the terms "adjacent" or "adjacent" in this specification can refer to a distance between the corresponding two elements being less than a predetermined distance (e.g., 10 mm or less), or it can include a situation where the corresponding two elements are in direct contact with each other (i.e., the aforementioned distance is reduced to 0).

[0079] Based on actual measurement results, the antenna system 100 proposed in this invention can provide a relatively large half-power beamwidth (HPBW). For example, the HPBW of the antenna system 100 can be between 90 degrees and 180 degrees, but is not limited to this. In some embodiments, the antenna system 100 can cover an operational frequency band between 2300MHz and 2700MHz. Therefore, the antenna system 100 will at least support broadband operation for WLAN (Wireless Wide Area Network) and LTE (Long Term Evolution).

[0080] The following embodiments will describe different configurations and detailed structural features of the antenna system 100. It must be understood that these figures and descriptions are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

[0081] Figure 2A A perspective view of an antenna system 200 according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown. Figure 2B A cross-sectional view of an antenna system 200 according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown (along...). Figure 2A (A section line LS). Please refer to it as well. Figure 2A , Figure 2B .exist Figure 2A , Figure 2B In one embodiment, the antenna system 200 includes: a first antenna element 210, a second antenna element 220, a dielectric substrate 230, a first reflector 240, a second reflector 250, a third reflector 260, a first transmission line 270, a second transmission line 280, and a signal source 290, wherein the first antenna element 210, the second antenna element 220, the first reflector 240, the second reflector 250, the third reflector 260, the first transmission line 270, and the second transmission line 280 can all be made of metal.

[0082] The first antenna element 210 and the second antenna element 220 can each be a dipole antenna. Specifically, the first antenna element 210 includes a first radiating element 214 and a second radiating element 215, while the second antenna element 220 includes a third radiating element 224 and a fourth radiating element 225. Additionally, the dielectric substrate 230 has a first surface E1 and a second surface E2 facing each other.

[0083] In the first antenna element 210, a first radiating portion 214 may be disposed on a first surface E1 of the dielectric substrate 230, and a second radiating portion 215 may be disposed on a second surface E2 of the dielectric substrate 230, wherein the first radiating portion 214 and the second radiating portion 215 may extend in substantially opposite directions. In some embodiments, a first transmission line 270 is simultaneously distributed on the first surface E1 and the second surface E2 of the dielectric substrate 230, wherein a signal source 290 may be coupled to the first radiating portion 214 and the second radiating portion 215 via the first transmission line 270 to excite the first antenna element 210.

[0084] In the second antenna element 220, a third radiating portion 224 may be disposed on a first surface E1 of the dielectric substrate 230, and a fourth radiating portion 225 may be disposed on a second surface E2 of the dielectric substrate 230, wherein the third radiating portion 224 and the fourth radiating portion 225 may extend in substantially opposite directions. In some embodiments, a second transmission line 280 is simultaneously distributed on both the first surface E1 and the second surface E2 of the dielectric substrate 230, wherein a signal source 290 may also be coupled to the third radiating portion 224 and the fourth radiating portion 225 via the second transmission line 280 to excite the second antenna element 220. It should be noted that the first antenna element 210 and the second antenna element 220 may together form an antenna array.

[0085] The first reflector 240 and the second reflector 250 are coupled together, wherein a first included angle θ1 can be formed between the first reflector 240 and the second reflector 250. In some embodiments, the first included angle θ1 is calculated according to the following equation (1):

[0086]

[0087] Where “θ1” can represent the first included angle θ1, “θB” can represent half the power beamwidth of the antenna system 200, and “K1” can represent a first adjustment constant between 0.8 and 1.2.

[0088] In some embodiments, a second included angle θ2 may be formed between the first reflector 240 and the dielectric substrate 230, and a third included angle θ3 may be formed between the second reflector 250 and the dielectric substrate 230, wherein the second included angle θ2 and the third included angle θ3 may be approximately equal (i.e., θ2 = θ3).

[0089] For example, antenna system 200 may cover an operating frequency band between 2300MHz and 2700MHz, but is not limited thereto. In some embodiments, the length L1 of the first reflector 240 and the length L2 of the second reflector 250 are calculated according to the following equations (2) and (3):

[0090]

[0091]

[0092] Where “L1” can represent the length L1 of the first reflector 240, “L2” can represent the length L2 of the second reflector 250, “λ” can represent the wavelength of the center frequency of the operating frequency band of the antenna system 200, and “K2” can represent a second adjustment constant between 0.7 and 2.

[0093] The third reflector 260 is simultaneously coupled to both the first reflector 240 and the second reflector 250. It is important to note that the third reflector 260 is disposed between the first antenna element 210 and the second antenna element 220. For example, the combination of the first reflector 240, the second reflector 250, and the third reflector 260 can generally form a Y-shape. In some embodiments, the third reflector 260 may penetrate the dielectric substrate 230. However, the invention is not limited thereto. In other embodiments, the third reflector 260 may not need to penetrate the dielectric substrate 230, and only a portion of the third reflector 260 may be coupled to the first reflector 240 and the second reflector 250. According to actual measurements, the addition of the third reflector 260 helps to further improve the half-power beamwidth of the antenna system 200.

[0094] In some embodiments, the length L3 of the third reflector 260 is calculated according to the following equation (4):

[0095]

[0096] Where “L3” can represent the length L3 of the third reflector 260, “λ” can represent the wavelength of the center frequency of the operating frequency band of the antenna system 200, and “K3” can represent a third adjustment constant between 0 and 1.5 (when K3 equals 0, it means that the third reflector 260 can be omitted).

[0097] In some embodiments, the lengths L4 of the first radiating portion 214, L5 of the second radiating portion 215, L6 of the third radiating portion 224, and L7 of the fourth radiating portion 225 are calculated according to the following equation (5):

[0098]

[0099] Where “L4” can represent the length L4 of the first radiating part 214, “L5” can represent the length L5 of the second radiating part 215, “L6” can represent the length L6 of the third radiating part 224, “L7” can represent the length L7 of the fourth radiating part 225, and “λ” can represent the wavelength of the center frequency of the operating frequency band of the antenna system 200.

[0100] A first distance D1 exists between the center point CP1 of the second radiating section 215 and the first reflector 240, while a second distance D2 exists between the center point CP2 of the fourth radiating section 225 and the second reflector 250. In some embodiments, the first distance D1 and the second distance D2 are calculated according to the following equations (6) and (7):

[0101]

[0102]

[0103] Where “D1” can represent the first spacing D1, “D2” can represent the second spacing D2, “λ” can represent the wavelength of the center frequency of the operating frequency band of the antenna system 200, and “K4” can represent a fourth adjustment constant between 0.7 and 2.

[0104] Figure 3 This displays a radiation pattern of an antenna system 200 according to an embodiment of the present invention (which can be measured along the XZ plane). Figure 3 Based on the measurement results, antenna system 200 can provide a relatively large half-power beamwidth θB. For example, the half-power beamwidth θB of antenna system 200 can be between 90 degrees and 180 degrees, but is not limited to this. In addition, the front-to-back ratio of antenna system 200 can reach 15 dB or higher, which can meet the practical application requirements of general communication devices. It must be understood that the design range of the aforementioned equations (1) to (7) is derived from the results of multiple experiments, which helps to optimize the half-power beamwidth, front-to-back ratio, operating bandwidth, and impedance matching of antenna system 200.

[0105] This invention proposes a novel antenna system. Compared to traditional designs, the antenna system of this invention has advantages such as a larger half-power beamwidth, a higher front-to-back ratio, and lower manufacturing cost, making it well-suited for use in a wide variety of communication devices.

[0106] It is worth noting that the component dimensions, shapes, and frequency ranges described above are not limiting factors of this invention. Antenna designers can adjust these settings according to different needs. The antenna system of this invention is not limited to... Figures 1-3 The state illustrated. This invention may include only... Figures 1-3 Any one or more features of any one or more embodiments of the invention. In other words, not all of the illustrated features need to be implemented simultaneously in the antenna system of the present invention.

[0107] The ordinal numbers in this specification and claims, such as "first," "second," "third," etc., are not sequential in any particular order; they are only used to distinguish between two different elements with the same name.

[0108] While the present invention has been disclosed above with reference to preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Any person skilled in the art should be able to make some modifications and refinements without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. An antenna system comprising: A first antenna element; One or two antenna components; A dielectric substrate, wherein the first antenna element and the second antenna element are both disposed on the dielectric substrate; A first reflector, the first reflector being adjacent to the dielectric substrate; as well as A second reflector is coupled to the first reflector, wherein the first reflector and the second reflector form a first included angle; The antenna system provides a half-power beamwidth, which is between 90 and 180 degrees. The first included angle is calculated according to the following equation: Where "θ1" represents the first included angle, "θB" represents the half-power beamwidth, and "K1" represents a first adjustment constant between 0.8 and 1.

2.

2. The antenna system of claim 1, wherein the antenna system covers an operating frequency band between 2300 MHz and 2700 MHz.

3. The antenna system of claim 1, wherein the first antenna element and the second antenna element are each a dipole antenna.

4. The antenna system of claim 1, wherein a second angle is formed between the first reflector and the dielectric substrate, and a third angle is formed between the second reflector and the dielectric substrate, wherein the second angle and the third angle are equal.

5. The antenna system of claim 2, wherein the length of the first reflector is calculated according to the following equation: Where "L1" represents the length of the first reflector, "λ" represents the wavelength of the center frequency of the operating band, and "K2" represents a second adjustment constant between 0.7 and 2.

6. The antenna system of claim 2, wherein the length of the second reflector is calculated according to the following equation: Where "L2" represents the length of the second reflector, "λ" represents the wavelength of the center frequency of the operating band, and "K2" represents a second adjustment constant between 0.7 and 2.

7. The antenna system of claim 2, further comprising: A third reflector is coupled to the first reflector and the second reflector, wherein the third reflector is located between the first antenna element and the second antenna element.

8. The antenna system of claim 7, wherein the combination of the first reflector, the second reflector, and the third reflector forms a Y-shape.

9. The antenna system of claim 7, wherein the length of the third reflector is calculated according to the following equation: Where "L3" represents the length of the third reflector, "λ" represents the wavelength of the center frequency of the operating band, and "K3" represents a third adjustment constant between 0 and 1.

5.

10. The antenna system of claim 1, further comprising: A first transmission line, wherein a signal source is coupled to the first antenna element via the first transmission line; as well as A second transmission line, wherein the signal source is also coupled to the second antenna element via the second transmission line.

11. The antenna system of claim 2, wherein the dielectric substrate has a first surface and a second surface opposite to each other.

12. The antenna system of claim 11, wherein the first antenna element comprises: A first radiating portion is disposed on the first surface of the dielectric substrate; as well as A second radiating portion is disposed on the second surface of the dielectric substrate, wherein the first radiating portion and the second radiating portion extend in opposite directions.

13. The antenna system of claim 12, wherein the length of each of the first radiating element and the second radiating element is equal to 0.25 times the wavelength of the center frequency of the operating frequency band.

14. The antenna system of claim 12, wherein the second antenna element comprises: A third radiating portion is disposed on the first surface of the dielectric substrate; as well as A fourth radiating portion is disposed on the second surface of the dielectric substrate, wherein the third radiating portion and the fourth radiating portion extend in opposite directions.

15. The antenna system of claim 14, wherein the length of each of the third radiating element and the fourth radiating element is equal to 0.25 times the wavelength of the center frequency of the operating frequency band.

16. The antenna system of claim 14, wherein a first distance exists between a center point of the second radiating portion and the first reflector, and a second distance exists between a center point of the fourth radiating portion and the second reflector.

17. The antenna system of claim 16, wherein the first spacing is calculated according to the following equation: Where "D1" represents the first pitch, "λ" represents the wavelength of the center frequency of the operating band, and "K4" represents a fourth adjustment constant between 0.7 and 2.

18. The antenna system of claim 16, wherein the second spacing is calculated according to the following equation: Where "D2" represents the second spacing, "λ" represents the wavelength of the center frequency of the operating band, and "K4" represents a fourth adjustment constant between 0.7 and 2.

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