Method for measuring and positioning complex curved surface grid structure with circular rod triangular component

Abstract

This invention discloses a measurement and positioning method for installing complex curved surface mesh structures using round rod triangular components. Using one of the round rods of an already installed round rod triangular component as a baseline, the round rod of the newly installed round rod triangular component is parallel to and fitted against the baseline round rod. Two fastening straps connect the two fitted round rods, thus conveniently and accurately positioning the spatial position of the corresponding round rod of the newly installed triangular component. Furthermore, by accurately measuring the elevation coordinates of the third angle point of the newly installed round rod triangular component, the spatial position accuracy of the triangular component can be effectively controlled. This invention features efficient and precise measurement and positioning capabilities.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a measurement and positioning method for a grid structure composed of triangular components during construction and installation, and in particular to a measurement and positioning method for installing a complex curved surface grid structure using round rod triangular components. Background Technology

[0002] To make landscape architecture designs more personalized, more and more architects are choosing grid structures with complex shapes such as free-form surfaces. However, this design significantly increases the difficulty of structural construction. Accurately measuring and positioning the components is the key to achieving high-precision construction of grid structures, and it is also the main technical challenge in the construction of complex shapes that differ from conventional shapes. The triangular component grid structure, represented by the "original bamboo multi-tube bundle spatial grid structure," uses triangular components composed of round cross-section rods (referred to as "round rods") such as bamboo tubes, round wooden rods, and steel pipes as installation units. The grid structure is formed by parallel connections between the round rods in adjacent triangular components. The conventional measurement and positioning method for this type of structure installation is to first erect a full-span scaffold that serves both support and positioning functions. Then, based on the spatial coordinates of each node in the grid structure design, the length and planar position of the corresponding uprights on the scaffold are determined. During installation, a total station is used to accurately measure and position the nine coordinate values ​​(x1, y1, z1) of the three corner points on each newly installed triangular component.

[0003] (x2, y2, z2; x3, y3, z3). Only after the installation positions of all points have been corrected to meet the design accuracy requirements can the newly installed triangular components be connected and fixed to the already installed structure.

[0004] Because the elevation coordinates of each node on complex mesh structures such as freeform surfaces are different, measuring and locating each triangular component using conventional methods during construction is extremely time-consuming and labor-intensive. Therefore, there is an urgent need to find more efficient and accurate measurement and positioning methods to better address the construction challenges posed by complex mesh structures. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a measurement and positioning method for installing complex curved surface mesh structures using round rod triangular components. This invention features efficient and accurate measurement and positioning capabilities.

[0006] The technical solution of the present invention is a measurement and positioning method for installing complex curved surface mesh structures using round rod triangular components, including measurement, positioning and installation of newly installed round rod triangular components in a forward direction and measurement, positioning and installation of newly installed round rod triangular components in a reverse direction;

[0007] The measurement, positioning, and installation process of the newly installed positive circular rod triangular component is as follows: using one of the circular rods of the already installed circular rod triangular component as a reference line, align the two ends of the newly installed positive circular rod triangular component with the reference line circular rod and make them parallel and fit together. Connect the two fitted circular rods with two fastening straps to conveniently and accurately position the spatial position of the corresponding circular rod of the newly installed positive circular rod triangular component. Then, by accurately measuring and positioning the elevation coordinates of the third corner point of the newly installed positive circular rod triangular component, the accuracy of the spatial position of the triangular component can be controlled.

[0008] The measurement, positioning, and installation process of the newly installed reverse-mounted round rod triangular component is as follows: use fastening straps to secure the two round rods of the newly installed reverse-mounted round rod triangular component to the adjacent round rods on the two corresponding already installed round rod triangular components, thereby achieving the positioning of the newly installed reverse-mounted round rod triangular component.

[0009] The aforementioned measurement and positioning method for installing complex curved surface mesh structures using round rods and triangular components includes the following steps:

[0010] 1) Align and fit one of the round rods of the newly installed positive round rod triangular component with the outer edge of the round rod of the adjacent installed round rod triangular component to obtain two parallel and fitted round rods.

[0011] 2) Use two fastening straps to tie and tighten the ends of the two parallel and close-fitting round rods to achieve a temporary connection between the newly installed positive round rod triangular component and the adjacent installed round rod triangular component.

[0012] 3) Use measuring instruments to measure the elevation coordinates of the third corner point of the newly installed positive circular rod triangular component in order to locate the spatial position of the newly installed positive circular rod triangular component;

[0013] 4) Once the elevation coordinates of the third corner point are accurately located, use connectors to connect and fix the two parallel and fitting round rods.

[0014] 5) Remove the two temporary fastening straps and repeat the above steps to install the next newly installed positive round rod triangular component until the new positive group of round rod triangular components for this layer is completed.

[0015] 6) Use fastening straps to tighten the two round rods of the newly installed reverse round rod triangular component with the adjacent round rods on the two corresponding installed triangular components to complete the positioning of the newly installed reverse round rod triangular component. Then use connectors to connect and fix the two parallel and fitting round rods.

[0016] 7) Remove the fastening straps of the temporary connection and repeat step 6) to install the next newly installed reverse round rod triangular component until the new reverse group of round rod triangular components for this layer is completed.

[0017] In the aforementioned measurement and positioning method for installing complex curved surface grid structures using round rod triangular components, in step 2), the newly installed positive round rod triangular component, in its temporary connection state, cannot slide relative to the direction of the round rod bonding line, but can rotate unidirectionally around the bonding line.

[0018] In the aforementioned measurement and positioning method for installing complex curved surface grid structures using round rod triangular components, the connecting parts used in step 4) are bolts, clamps, screws, tapes and / or ropes.

[0019] Compared with existing technologies, this invention utilizes the principle that the distance between two parallel, fitted round rods remains constant, and the characteristic that ropes at both ends of the two round rods automatically make them parallel. During grid structure construction, using one of the round rods of an already installed triangular component as a baseline, two fastening straps can easily and accurately locate the spatial position of the corresponding round rod of a newly installed triangular component. Then, by accurately measuring the elevation coordinates of the third corner point, the spatial position accuracy of the triangular component can be effectively controlled. This process is repeated for installing other triangular components until the overall grid structure is formed. Traditional methods require controlling nine coordinate parameters for each triangle's three corner points, while this invention only requires measuring one coordinate parameter—the elevation—for a single corner point of the triangle, significantly improving the efficiency of measurement and positioning, thereby shortening the construction period and reducing construction costs. This invention has the following advantages:

[0020] (1) Improved measurement and positioning efficiency: Traditional construction methods require measuring and positioning three corner points of each triangle, totaling nine coordinate parameters. However, this invention only requires measuring and positioning one parameter, the elevation coordinate, of one corner point of the triangle, which greatly improves the efficiency of measurement and positioning.

[0021] (2) Shortened the total construction period: Since the measurement and positioning work takes the longest time in the construction of complex curved surface grid structures, the method of this invention can significantly shorten the total construction period.

[0022] (3) Reduced construction difficulty and construction cost: The measurement and positioning method of the present invention only requires simple and easy-to-operate tools, such as fastening straps and plumb lines, and does not require the use of expensive total stations and other advanced measuring instruments. Therefore, it is very beneficial to promote and apply it at low cost in underdeveloped areas.

[0023] In summary, the present invention is characterized by its ability to perform measurement and positioning efficiently and accurately. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 This is a mesh structure of triangular components that has already been installed.

[0025] Figure 2 To install the first new triangular component in the positive group on the already installed grid structure.

[0026] Figure 3 To install the second new triangular component in the positive group on the already installed grid structure.

[0027] Figure 4 The installation of all new triangular components in the positive group was completed on the already installed grid structure.

[0028] Figure 5 To install the first newly installed triangular component in the reverse group between adjacent installed triangular components in the forward group.

[0029] Figure 6 This completes the installation of all newly installed triangular components in the reverse group between adjacent installed triangular components in the forward group.

[0030] The markings in the attached diagram are as follows: 1 - Left end fastening band; 2 - Right end fastening band; A1, A2, A3, A4, A5, A6, A7 are the node numbers on the bonding line between the completed installed grid structure and the newly installed triangular components in the forward group; B1, B2, B3, B4, B5, B6, B7 and C1, C2, C3, C4, C5, C6 are the node numbers of the newly installed triangular components in the forward group; h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, h6 are the elevations of the third corner points C1, C2, C3, C4, C5, C6 of the triangular components in the forward group; E1, E2, E3, E4, E5, E6, E7 and F1, F2, F3, F4, F5, F6 are the node numbers of the newly installed triangular components in the reverse group. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, but this should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0032] Example 1.1) A measurement and positioning method for installing complex curved surface mesh structures using round rod triangular components, including measurement, positioning, and installation of newly installed round rod triangular components in the forward direction and measurement, positioning, and installation of newly installed round rod triangular components in the reverse direction;

[0033] The newly installed round rod triangular component in the forward group has only one side to rely on, while the newly installed round rod triangular component in the reverse group has two sides to rely on.

[0034] The measurement, positioning, and installation process of the newly installed positive circular rod triangular component is as follows: using one of the circular rods of the already installed circular rod triangular component as a reference line, the circular rod of the newly installed positive circular rod triangular component is parallel to and attached to the circular rod used as the reference line. The two attached circular rods are connected with two fastening straps, which can conveniently and accurately locate the spatial position of the corresponding circular rod of the newly installed positive circular rod triangular component. Then, the accuracy of the spatial position of the triangular component is controlled by accurately measuring and locating the elevation coordinates of the third corner point of the newly installed positive circular rod triangular component.

[0035] The measurement, positioning, and installation process of the newly installed reverse-mounted round rod triangular component is as follows: the two round rods of the newly installed reverse-mounted round rod triangular component are fastened with fastening straps to the corresponding round rods on the two already installed triangular components, thereby achieving the positioning of the newly installed reverse-mounted round rod triangular component.

[0036] Align and fit one of the round rods of the newly installed positive round rod triangular component with the outer edge of the round rod of the adjacent installed round rod triangular component to obtain two parallel and fitted round rods.

[0037] 2) Use two fastening straps to tie and tighten the ends of the two parallel and close-fitting round rods to achieve a temporary connection between the newly installed positive round rod triangular component and the adjacent installed round rod triangular component.

[0038] 3) Use ordinary plumb lines and other measuring instruments to measure the elevation coordinates of the third corner point of the newly installed positive circular rod triangular component in order to locate the spatial position of the newly installed positive circular rod triangular component;

[0039] 4) Once the elevation coordinates of the third corner point are accurately located, use bolts or other connectors to connect and fix the two parallel and fitting round rods.

[0040] 5) Remove the two temporary fastening straps and repeat the above steps to install the next newly installed positive round rod triangular component until the new positive group of round rod triangular components for this layer is completed.

[0041] 6) Use fastening straps to tighten the two round rods of the newly installed reverse round rod triangular component with the adjacent round rods on the two corresponding installed triangular components to complete the positioning of the newly installed reverse round rod triangular component. Then use bolts or other connectors to connect and fix the two parallel and fitting round rods.

[0042] 7) Remove the fastening straps of the temporary connection and repeat step 6) to install the next newly installed reverse round rod triangular component until the new reverse group of round rod triangular components for this layer is completed.

[0043] In step 2), the newly installed positive circular rod triangular component, in its temporary connection state, cannot slide relative to the direction of the circular rod's mating line, but can rotate unidirectionally around the mating line. This unidirectional rotational degree of freedom can be used to adjust the elevation coordinates of the third corner point of the newly installed triangular component, excluding the two corner points on the mating line.

[0044] The connectors used in step 4) can be bolts, clamps, screws, tape, ropes, or any other connectors that can effectively fix adjacent bamboo tubes.

[0045] This invention utilizes two geometric principles: first, the distance between two parallel, fitted round rods remains constant regardless of the position of the fitting line on the outer circumference of the rods; second, it leverages the property that simply tying the two round rods together at their ends with ropes automatically creates a parallel state. During grid structure construction, using one of the existing round rods with a triangular component as a baseline, the spatial position of the corresponding round rod for the newly installed triangular component can be conveniently and accurately located using two fastening straps. At this point, only the position of the third corner point of the newly installed positive round rod triangular component remains to be determined. According to the principles of solid geometry, the relative positions of the three points in a triangle remain constant. If the position of the line connecting any two points is determined, the final spatial position of the triangle, including its direction, depends only on the vertical coordinates of the third point other than the connecting line. Therefore, using the method of this invention to install any triangular component, after tying the two adjacent round rods together with two fastening straps, only the accurate measurement of the elevation coordinates of the third corner point is needed to accurately control the spatial position of the triangular component.

[0046] After the forward triangular connection is fixed, the elevation of the third positioning point is not required for the newly installed triangular component in the reverse group. Simply use fastening straps to tighten the two bamboo tubes and the corresponding bamboo tubes of the two already installed triangular components to achieve the positioning of the newly installed triangular component. Then, use bolts or other connectors to connect and fix the triangular component using the same method as above.

[0047] Example 2.

[0048] Specific embodiments of the present invention are as follows:

[0049] (1) Figure 1 The lines connecting A1-A2-A3-A4-A5-A6-A7 of the already installed triangular component grid structure serve as the installation baseline for the newly installed triangular components.

[0050] (2) In order to install on the already installed grid structure Figure 2The newly installed triangular component B4-B5-C4 is aligned and fitted with the outer edges of the adjacent already installed triangular component's round rod A4-A5. Then, the left-end fastening strap 1 and the right-end fastening strap 2 are fixed to the ends of the round rods A4-A5 and B4-B5 of the two adjacent triangular components and tightened to achieve a temporary connection. The two temporarily connected triangular components cannot slide relative to each other along the contact line of the round rods A4-A5 and B4-B5, but they can rotate unidirectionally around the contact line of the round rods A4-A5 and B4-B5. This unidirectional rotational freedom can be used to adjust the elevation coordinate h4 of the third angle point C4 of the newly installed triangular component B4-B5-C4, excluding the two angle points B4 and B5. The elevation coordinate h4 of the third angle point C4 is measured using a standard plumb line to determine the spatial position of the newly installed triangular component B4-B5-C4. After accurately positioning the elevation coordinate h4 of the third corner point, use bolts or other connectors to connect and fix the B4-B5 round rods of the newly installed triangular component to the corresponding A4-A5 round rods on the already installed triangular component. Then remove the two temporary connecting fasteners, left end 1 and right end 2, for the installation of the next newly installed triangle.

[0051] (3) Using the above installation process and method, install by measuring the elevation h3 of the positioning corner point C3. Figure 3 The newly installed triangular component B3-B4-C3 is shown.

[0052] (4) Complete the above process and methods. Figure 4 Installation of all newly installed triangular components in the positive direction group, including B1-B2-C1, B2-B3-C2, B3-B4-C3, B4-B5-C4, B5-B6-C5, and B6-B7-C6.

[0053] (5) Figure 5 The newly installed triangular component E4-F4-G3 in the reverse group is parallel to the B4-C3 round rod of the already installed triangular component B3-B4-C3 in the forward group and secured with fastening straps 1 and 2. The E4-F4 round rod on the other side of the newly installed triangular component E4-F4-G3 is parallel to the B4-C4 round rod of the already installed triangular component B4-B5-C4 in the forward group and secured with fastening straps 1 on the left and 2 on the right. Since the B4-C3 round rods are already positioned on the already installed triangular components in the forward group, the newly installed triangular component E4-F4-G3 does not require alignment measurement. After fastening with fastening straps 1 on the left and 2 on the right, bolts or other connecting components can be used to directly connect and fix the B4-C3 and E4-F3 round rods, and the B4-C4 and E4-F4 round rods, respectively. After the connection is fixed, the left end fastening strap 1 and the right end fastening strap 2 can be removed for the installation of the next triangle.

[0054] (6) Continue in this manner, cyclically installing new triangular components in both the forward and reverse groups, until a shape is formed as shown in the image. Figure 6 The overall grid structure shown.

Claims

1. A method for measuring and positioning a complex curved surface grid structure with circular rod triangular members, characterized in that: This includes the measurement, positioning, and installation of newly installed round rod triangular components in the forward assembly and the measurement, positioning, and installation of newly installed round rod triangular components in the reverse assembly. The measurement, positioning, and installation process of the newly installed positive circular rod triangular component is as follows: using one of the circular rods of the already installed circular rod triangular component as a reference line, the circular rod of the newly installed positive circular rod triangular component is parallel to and attached to the circular rod used as the reference line. The two attached circular rods are connected with two fastening straps, which can conveniently and accurately locate the spatial position of the corresponding circular rod of the newly installed positive circular rod triangular component. Then, the accuracy of the spatial position of the triangular component is controlled by accurately measuring and locating the elevation coordinates of the third corner point of the newly installed positive circular rod triangular component. The measurement, positioning, and installation process of the newly installed reverse-mounted round rod triangular component is as follows: the two round rods of the newly installed reverse-mounted round rod triangular component are fastened with fastening straps to the corresponding round rods on the two adjacent already installed round rod triangular components, thereby achieving the positioning of the newly installed reverse-mounted round rod triangular component. Includes the following steps: 1) Align and fit one of the round rods of the newly installed positive round rod triangular component with the outer edge of the round rod of the adjacent installed round rod triangular component to obtain two parallel and fitted round rods; 2) Use two fastening straps to tie and tighten the ends of the two parallel and close-fitting round rods to achieve a temporary connection between the newly installed positive round rod triangular component and the adjacent installed round rod triangular component. 3) Use measuring instruments to measure the elevation coordinates of the third corner point of the newly installed positive circular rod triangular component in order to locate the spatial position of the newly installed positive circular rod triangular component; 4) Once the elevation coordinates of the third corner point are accurately located, use connectors to connect and fix the two parallel and fitting round rods. 5) Remove the two temporary fastening straps and repeat the above steps to install the next newly installed positive round rod triangular component until the new positive round rod triangular components of this layer are completed; 6) Use fastening straps to tighten the two round rods of the newly installed reverse round rod triangular component with the adjacent round rods on the two corresponding installed triangular components to complete the positioning of the newly installed reverse round rod triangular component. Then use connectors to connect and fix the two parallel and fitting round rods. 7) Remove the fastening straps of the temporary connection and repeat step 6) to install the next newly installed reverse round rod triangular component until the new reverse group of round rod triangular components for this layer is completed; In step 2), the newly installed positive circular rod triangular component cannot slide relative to the circular rod bonding line in the temporary connection state, but can rotate unidirectionally around the bonding line.

2. The measurement and positioning method for installing complex curved surface mesh structures using round rod triangular components according to claim 1, characterized in that, The connectors used in step 4) are bolts, clamps, screws, tape and / or ropes.

Images