A yaw control method based on meteorological data

Abstract

The application provides a kind of based on meteorological data yaw control method, it is related to fan yaw control technical field, and its purpose is to realize the yaw control of strong prediction, control quickly, simple determination, comprising the following steps: obtaining meteorological prediction data in future time period T, meteorological prediction data include temperature, wind direction and wind power time curve data changing with time;In the time period T, the yaw execution strategy of each execution time point is obtained according to meteorological prediction data in the time period T;Actual meteorological data is continuously monitored in the time period T, and meteorological difference value of actual meteorological data and meteorological prediction data is obtained at execution time point;If meteorological difference value does not exceed meteorological difference threshold, then execute yaw execution strategy to next execution time point;If meteorological difference value exceeds meteorological difference threshold, the best yaw strategy is obtained according to the actual meteorological data of current execution time point, and the application has the advantages of small amount of calculation, reliable and rapid control.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of wind turbine yaw control technology, and more specifically, to a yaw control method based on meteorological data. Background Technology

[0002] A wind turbine is a device that converts wind energy into electrical energy. It converts wind energy into mechanical energy through the rotation of wind turbine blades, and then converts the mechanical energy into electrical energy through a generator.

[0003] The yaw system, also known as the wind alignment device, is part of the wind turbine nacelle. Its function is to quickly and smoothly align the turbine with the wind direction when the wind speed vector changes, so that the rotor can obtain maximum wind energy. In small and medium-sized wind turbines, when the wind direction changes, two steering wheels located behind the rotor rotate, and a gear transmission system deflects the rotor. Once the rotor is aligned with the wind direction again, the steering wheels stop rotating, and the alignment process ends. Large and medium-sized wind turbines generally use an electrically powered yaw system to adjust the rotor and align it with the wind direction. In actual operation, due to the diversity, uncontrollability, and variability of meteorological elements such as wind speed and direction, the yaw system of the wind turbine needs to be adjusted to adapt to different weather conditions and maximize wind energy generation while protecting the unit itself from damage. If manual observation and adjustment are used during the adjustment process, it would be extremely wasteful of human resources and laborious, requiring close monitoring and on-duty personnel 24 hours a day. Automated adjustment may suffer from problems such as complex computing power, untimely adjustments, and poor reliability.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to design a yaw control method that is highly predictive, fast in control, and easy to judge. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a yaw control method based on meteorological data, which can achieve yaw control with strong predictability, rapid control and simple judgment.

[0006] The embodiments of the present invention are achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0007] A yaw control method based on meteorological data includes the following steps:

[0008] Acquire meteorological forecast data within a future time period T, wherein the meteorological forecast data includes time curves of temperature, wind direction, and wind force changes over time;

[0009] Within this time period T, the yaw execution strategy for each execution time point is obtained based on the meteorological forecast data within the time period T.

[0010] During this time period T, the actual meteorological data is continuously monitored, and the meteorological difference between the actual meteorological data and the meteorological forecast data is obtained at the execution time point.

[0011] Perform the following judgment:

[0012] If the weather difference does not exceed the weather difference threshold, the yaw execution strategy is executed until the next execution time point;

[0013] If the meteorological difference exceeds the meteorological difference threshold, the optimal yaw strategy is obtained based on the actual meteorological data at the current execution time, and the optimal yaw strategy is executed until the next execution time.

[0014] Preferably, the method for obtaining the yaw execution strategy for each execution time point based on the meteorological forecast data within the time period T is as follows:

[0015] When the temperature is lower than the first temperature threshold, multiple heating devices installed in the local area of ​​the fan are activated for heating treatment; when the temperature is lower than the second temperature threshold, multiple heating devices installed in the local area of ​​the fan are activated for heating treatment and the yaw angle is increased; the second temperature threshold is less than the first temperature threshold.

[0016] If the wind force does not exceed the wind force threshold, the optimal yaw angle is obtained and adjusted based on the wind direction according to the turbine's own performance. If the wind force exceeds the wind force threshold, the optimal yaw angle is obtained based on the wind direction according to the wind direction according to the turbine's own performance, and a compensation angle is added to the optimal yaw angle as the actual adjusted yaw angle. The wind force threshold is determined based on the turbine's own parameter performance.

[0017] Preferably, the method for obtaining the compensation angle is as follows:

[0018] Calculate the degree to which the wind force exceeds the aforementioned wind force threshold, denoted as 'a'.

[0019] a=(WS pre -WS stan ) / WS stan *100%;

[0020] Among them, WS pre For the predicted wind force, WS stan The wind force threshold;

[0021] When a is not greater than 100%: θ is 4-8 degrees;

[0022] When 'a' reaches 100%, the system will be shut down.

[0023] Preferably, the method for obtaining the optimal yaw strategy based on the actual meteorological data at the current execution time is the same as the method for obtaining the yaw execution strategy for each execution time based on the meteorological forecast data within the time period T.

[0024] Preferably, the method for determining whether the meteorological difference exceeds the meteorological difference threshold is as follows:

[0025] Calculate the temperature difference, wind direction difference, and wind force difference between the meteorological forecast data and the actual meteorological data, respectively;

[0026] If any of the temperature difference, wind direction difference, and wind force difference exceeds the corresponding threshold, then the meteorological difference is determined to exceed the meteorological difference threshold; otherwise, the meteorological difference is determined not to exceed the meteorological difference threshold.

[0027] Preferably, the time period T is selected as 24 hours.

[0028] Preferably, the time interval between any two adjacent execution time points is the same.

[0029] Preferably, the time interval is 0.5-1 hour.

[0030] Preferably, if the actual meteorological data shows meteorological fluctuations exceeding a threshold between one execution time point and the next execution time point, a yaw adjustment is performed.

[0031] Meteorological fluctuation exceeding the threshold means that, at this point in time, compared to the corresponding execution time, the change in any one of the temperature, wind direction, and wind force in the actual meteorological data exceeds the corresponding threshold.

[0032] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention have at least the following advantages and beneficial effects:

[0033] This invention determines the initial yaw control strategy based on predicted meteorological data, with a high degree of automation, and can intelligently and effectively respond to weather conditions;

[0034] This invention performs secondary adjustments to the strategy based on actual meteorological data to prevent excessive meteorological forecast errors and improve the reliability of yaw control.

[0035] This invention also reduces the amount of computation during real-time operation. Real-time calculation and output of control strategies are only required when the weather forecast error is too large. When the forecast data error is not large, the strategies for each time period have been obtained in advance, so the action can be taken quickly.

[0036] This invention can effectively handle situations where there are sudden weather changes between two execution time points, and has high reliability;

[0037] This invention is reasonably designed and simple to calculate. By integrating several meteorological data, it can effectively maximize energy utilization, prevent icing, and reduce the mechanical load on wind turbines in extreme conditions, making it easy to implement and promote. Attached Figure Description

[0038] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a yaw control method based on meteorological data provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0039] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0040] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the invention.

[0041] It should be noted that similar labels and letters in the following figures indicate similar items. Therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.

[0042] Example 1

[0043] A yaw control method based on meteorological data includes the following steps:

[0044] Step S1: Obtain meteorological forecast data within a future time period T, including time curve data of temperature, wind direction, and wind force changes over time;

[0045] Step S2: Within the time period T, obtain the yaw execution strategy for each execution time point based on the meteorological forecast data within the time period T;

[0046] Step S3: Continuously monitor actual meteorological data within the time period T, and obtain the meteorological difference between the actual meteorological data and the meteorological forecast data at the execution time point;

[0047] Step S4: Perform execution judgment:

[0048] If the weather difference does not exceed the weather difference threshold, the yaw execution strategy is executed until the next execution time point;

[0049] If the meteorological difference exceeds the meteorological difference threshold, the optimal yaw strategy is obtained based on the actual meteorological data at the current execution time, and the optimal yaw strategy is executed until the next execution time.

[0050] The core idea of ​​this embodiment is to use predicted meteorological data to pre-output the yaw execution strategy for each time period within a whole cycle T. Each time period is the time period between two adjacent execution time points, and the yaw execution strategy for each time period is determined by the meteorological forecast data at the execution time point at the beginning of this time period.

[0051] To prevent occasional large errors in weather forecast data, at the scheduled execution time, the measured weather data is compared with the predicted weather data. If the error is within a threshold range, the pre-output yaw execution strategy is directly applied. If the error is too large, the optimal yaw strategy is re-output and executed based on the actual weather data. This process is repeated at each new execution time until the end of the current time period T.

[0052] Before the next time period T arrives, the yaw execution strategy for each time period within the entire period T is output in advance, and then all the above operations are executed again.

[0053] The method in this embodiment reduces the amount of computation in the real-time process, provides timely and accurate control, has high reliability, and can be fully implemented through an automated system. It does not require much human monitoring, and staff only need to perform simpler patrol and observation tasks.

[0054] Example 2

[0055] This embodiment is based on the technical solution of embodiment 1, and further explains the method of obtaining the yaw execution strategy for each execution time point according to the meteorological forecast data within the time period T in step S2.

[0056] In this embodiment, the method for obtaining the yaw execution strategy for each execution time point based on the meteorological forecast data within the time period T is as follows:

[0057] When the temperature is lower than the first temperature threshold, multiple heating devices installed in the local area of ​​the fan are activated for heating treatment; when the temperature is lower than the second temperature threshold, multiple heating devices installed in the local area of ​​the fan are activated for heating treatment and the yaw angle is increased; the second temperature threshold is less than the first temperature threshold.

[0058] The above operations can prevent the wind turbine system and even the yaw system from icing due to excessively low temperatures. Conventional local heating devices can be installed in advance on various important mechanical structures of the wind turbine.

[0059] If the wind force does not exceed the wind force threshold, the optimal yaw angle is obtained and adjusted based on the wind direction according to the turbine's own performance. If the wind force exceeds the wind force threshold, the optimal yaw angle is obtained based on the wind direction according to the wind direction according to the turbine's own performance, and a compensation angle is added to the optimal yaw angle as the actual adjusted yaw angle. The wind force threshold is determined based on the turbine's own parameter performance.

[0060] The above settings are designed to maximize the utilization of wind energy and its conversion into electricity. By tracking changes in wind direction, the wind turbine is aligned with the optimal wind direction under the control of the turbine steering system to maximize energy utilization. This improves wind energy conversion efficiency and achieves higher power generation. This step, based on the optimal yaw according to the wind direction, can be performed in a conventional manner.

[0061] When wind speeds are high, the continuous wave loading and torque changes place additional loads on the mechanical components of the wind turbine. Yaw compensation can be used to increase the yaw angle, reducing the load of wind pressure and wind power on the turbine blades and rotor, minimizing mechanical fatigue, and extending equipment life. Simply put, when wind speeds are low, the turbine can usually easily face the wind direction and operate normally at a small yaw angle. However, when wind speeds are high, the greater wind force exerts a larger lateral force, and the yaw angle can be appropriately increased to protect the mechanical safety of the entire wind turbine generator set.

[0062] As a further preferred embodiment, the method for obtaining the compensation angle is as follows:

[0063] Calculate the degree to which the wind force exceeds the aforementioned wind force threshold, denoted as 'a'.

[0064] a=(WS pre -WS stan ) / WS stan *100%;

[0065] Among them, WS prs For the predicted wind force, WS stan The wind force threshold;

[0066] When a is not greater than 100%: θ is 4-8 degrees;

[0067] When 'a' reaches 100%, the system will be shut down.

[0068] In other words, the default here is that when 'a' reaches 100%, it is the extreme wind condition where the wind turbine is completely unsuitable for operation and needs to be shut down. Therefore, the value of 'a' can be found in the wind turbine's manual or other data and set to half of its extreme operating wind force value.

[0069] It should also be noted that the method for obtaining the optimal yaw strategy based on the actual meteorological data at the current execution time is the same as the method for obtaining the yaw execution strategy for each execution time based on the meteorological forecast data within the time period T.

[0070] Based on the above scheme, the methods for obtaining the optimal yaw strategy based on wind force, wind direction, and temperature are the same. However, the optimal yaw strategy is obtained based on the actual real-time measured wind force, wind direction, and temperature, while the yaw execution strategy is obtained based on the pre-predicted wind force, wind direction, and temperature.

[0071] Example 3

[0072] This embodiment, based on the technical solution of Embodiment 1, further explains the method for determining whether the meteorological difference involved in steps S3-S4 exceeds the meteorological difference threshold.

[0073] As a preferred embodiment, the method for determining whether the meteorological difference exceeds the meteorological difference threshold is as follows:

[0074] Calculate the temperature difference, wind direction difference, and wind force difference between the meteorological forecast data and the actual meteorological data, respectively;

[0075] If any of the temperature difference, wind direction difference, and wind force difference exceeds the corresponding threshold, then the meteorological difference is determined to exceed the meteorological difference threshold; otherwise, the meteorological difference is determined not to exceed the meteorological difference threshold.

[0076] In simple terms, in this embodiment, if the prediction error of any one of the three meteorological data points—wind force, wind direction, and temperature—is too large, it is considered that the meteorological difference exceeds the meteorological difference threshold. In this case, readjustment is required.

[0077] Example 4

[0078] This embodiment is based on the technical solution of Embodiment 1, and further optimizes the entire yaw control scheme.

[0079] In this embodiment, the time period T is selected as 24 hours.

[0080] In addition, the time interval between any two adjacent execution time points is the same.

[0081] Furthermore, the time interval is 0.5-1 hour.

[0082] In other words, in this embodiment, the weather data for a whole day is predicted in advance, and a yaw execution strategy for the whole day is given.

[0083] Finally, to prevent significant weather fluctuations between the two execution points from rendering the current control strategy inapplicable, the following optimization methods can be adopted:

[0084] If the actual meteorological data shows a meteorological fluctuation exceeding the threshold between one execution time point and the next execution time point, a yaw adjustment will be performed.

[0085] Meteorological fluctuation exceeding the threshold means that, at this point in time, compared to the corresponding execution time, the change in any one of the temperature, wind direction, and wind force in the actual meteorological data exceeds the corresponding threshold.

[0086] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A yaw control method based on meteorological data, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Acquire meteorological forecast data within a future time period T, wherein the meteorological forecast data includes time curves of temperature, wind direction, and wind force changes over time; Within this time period T, the yaw execution strategy for each execution time point is obtained based on the meteorological forecast data within the time period T. During this time period T, the actual meteorological data is continuously monitored, and the meteorological difference between the actual meteorological data and the meteorological forecast data is obtained at the execution time point. Perform the following judgment: If the weather difference does not exceed the weather difference threshold, the yaw execution strategy is executed until the next execution time point; If the meteorological difference exceeds the meteorological difference threshold, the optimal yaw strategy is obtained based on the actual meteorological data at the current execution time, and the optimal yaw strategy is executed until the next execution time. The method for obtaining the yaw execution strategy for each execution time point based on the meteorological forecast data within the time period T is as follows: When the temperature is lower than the first temperature threshold, multiple heating devices installed in the local area of ​​the fan are activated for heating treatment; when the temperature is lower than the second temperature threshold, multiple heating devices installed in the local area of ​​the fan are activated for heating treatment and the yaw angle is increased; the second temperature threshold is less than the first temperature threshold. If the wind force does not exceed the wind force threshold, the optimal yaw angle is obtained and adjusted based on the wind direction according to the turbine's own performance; if the wind force exceeds the wind force threshold, the optimal yaw angle is obtained based on the wind direction according to the wind direction according to the turbine's own performance, and a compensation angle is added to the optimal yaw angle as the actual adjusted yaw angle; the wind force threshold is determined based on the turbine's own parameter performance. The method for obtaining the compensation angle is as follows: Calculate the degree to which the wind force exceeds the stated wind force threshold. : ； in, For the predicted wind force, The wind force threshold; when When not greater than 100%: , The value range is 4-8 degrees; when The system will be shut down when it reaches 100%.

2. The yaw control method based on meteorological data according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method for obtaining the optimal yaw strategy based on the actual meteorological data at the current execution time is the same as the method for obtaining the yaw execution strategy for each execution time based on the meteorological forecast data within the time period T.

3. The yaw control method based on meteorological data according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method for determining whether the meteorological difference exceeds the meteorological difference threshold is as follows: Calculate the temperature difference, wind direction difference, and wind force difference between the meteorological forecast data and the actual meteorological data, respectively; If any of the temperature difference, wind direction difference, and wind force difference exceeds the corresponding threshold, then the meteorological difference is determined to exceed the meteorological difference threshold; otherwise, the meteorological difference is determined not to exceed the meteorological difference threshold.

4. The yaw control method based on meteorological data according to claim 1, characterized in that, The time period T is selected as 24 hours.

5. The yaw control method based on meteorological data according to claim 4, characterized in that, The time interval between any two adjacent execution time points is the same.

6. The yaw control method based on meteorological data according to claim 5, characterized in that, The time interval is 0.5-1 hour.

7. The yaw control method based on meteorological data according to claim 1, characterized in that, If the actual meteorological data shows a meteorological fluctuation exceeding the threshold between one execution time point and the next execution time point, a yaw adjustment will be performed. Meteorological fluctuation exceeding the threshold means that, at this point in time, compared to the corresponding execution time, the change in any one of the actual meteorological data—temperature, wind direction, or wind force—exceeds the corresponding threshold.

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