Automatic turntable antenna for high altitude balloon communication

Abstract

The application provides an automatic turntable antenna for high-altitude balloon communication, which comprises a grid antenna, a pitch attitude adjusting module, an azimuth attitude adjusting module, a support and a PLC controller, the azimuth attitude adjusting module is arranged on the support, the pitch attitude adjusting module is arranged on the azimuth attitude adjusting module, the grid antenna is fixed on the top of the pitch attitude adjusting module through a clamping assembly, and the PLC controller is electrically connected with the pitch attitude adjusting module and the azimuth attitude adjusting module. The automatic turntable antenna for high-altitude balloon communication can automatically adjust the antenna pointing direction to realize tracking of the high-altitude balloon according to the position and motion condition of the high-altitude balloon, and is light in weight, portable, cost-effective and suitable for various scenes.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of antenna turntable technology, and in particular to an automatic turntable antenna for high-altitude balloon communication. Background Technology

[0002] Communication between high-altitude balloons and ground equipment utilizes directional antennas. A directional antenna mounted on an automatic turntable enables automatic tracking of the target object (the high-altitude balloon), overcoming the influence of the target's movement characteristics and improving communication performance. The main principle is that the ground station, based on received telemetry data of the aircraft's position (longitude, latitude, and altitude) and the antenna's own position data, calculates the azimuth and elevation angles of the directional antenna. This is converted into antenna control commands, which are then transmitted via a wired connection to the antenna control drive unit. Accurate pointing of the directional antenna is then achieved through rotational manipulation within two degrees of freedom.

[0003] Considering the launch, mission, and recovery processes of high-altitude balloons, antenna communication requires a large distance range and insensitivity to target angles. Therefore, the turntable antenna must be lightweight, easy to transport, and capable of multi-scenario applications. Currently available turntable antennas are mostly heavy-duty fixed types or small integrated types used in drones, lacking multi-scenario application capabilities and unsuitable for high-altitude balloon communication. Therefore, designing an automatic turntable antenna for high-altitude balloon communication is essential. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide an automatic turntable antenna for high-altitude balloon communication, which can automatically adjust the antenna pointing according to the position and movement of the high-altitude balloon to achieve tracking of the high-altitude balloon. It is lightweight, portable, cost-effective, and adaptable to various scenarios.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following solution:

[0006] An automatic turntable antenna for high-altitude balloon communication includes: a grid antenna, an elevation adjustment module, an azimuth adjustment module, a bracket, and a PLC controller. The azimuth adjustment module is mounted on the bracket, and the elevation adjustment module is mounted on the azimuth adjustment module. The grid antenna is fixed to the top of the elevation adjustment module by a clip assembly. The PLC controller is electrically connected to the elevation adjustment module and the azimuth adjustment module.

[0007] The pitch and attitude adjustment module includes a frame assembly, a pitch and attitude adjustment drive assembly, a pitch and attitude adjustment rotation assembly, and a pitch and attitude adjustment accessory group. The bottom of the frame assembly is connected to the azimuth and attitude adjustment module. The pitch and attitude adjustment drive assembly is disposed on one side of the frame assembly, and the pitch and attitude adjustment rotation assembly is disposed on the upper side of the frame assembly. The pitch and attitude adjustment drive assembly is connected to the pitch and attitude adjustment rotation assembly. The pitch and attitude adjustment accessory group and a grid antenna are disposed on the pitch and attitude adjustment rotation assembly. The PLC controller is electrically connected to the pitch and attitude adjustment accessory group and the pitch and attitude adjustment drive assembly.

[0008] The orientation adjustment module includes a base, an orientation adjustment drive component, an orientation adjustment rotation component, and an orientation adjustment accessory group. The orientation adjustment accessory group is disposed on the base, and the bracket is fixed to the bottom of the base. The orientation adjustment drive component is vertically fixed to the bottom of the base. One end of the orientation adjustment rotation component is connected to the orientation adjustment drive component, and the other end passes through the base and is connected to the frame component by fasteners. The PLC controller is electrically connected to the orientation adjustment accessory group and the orientation adjustment drive component.

[0009] Optionally, the frame assembly includes: a frame, ribs, a left shell cover, a right shell cover, and fasteners. The left shell cover is connected to the left side of the frame, and the right shell cover is connected to the right side of the frame. The pitch adjustment mode drive assembly is disposed inside the right shell cover. The pitch adjustment rotation assembly is disposed in the upper half of the frame. The ribs are fixed in the lower half of the frame. There are four ribs, which are respectively disposed in the front left, rear left, front right, and rear right parts of the frame. The top of the azimuth adjustment rotation assembly passes through the bottom of the frame and is fixed by the fasteners.

[0010] Optionally, the pitch adjustment drive assembly includes a first servo motor, a first reducer, and a right-angle converter. The pitch adjustment rotation assembly includes a pitch first rotation axis, a deep groove ball bearing, and a first end cap. The first servo motor is located at the bottom inside the right housing. The output end of the first servo motor is connected to the first reducer. The first reducer is connected to the right-angle converter. There are two deep groove ball bearings, which are respectively fixed to the top two sides of the frame by a shaft elastic retaining ring and an end cap structure. The right-angle converter is connected to one end of the first rotation axis. The other end of the first rotation axis passes through the two deep groove ball bearings. The pitch adjustment accessory group and the grid antenna are arranged on the first rotation axis. The PLC controller is electrically connected to the first servo motor.

[0011] Optionally, the pitch adjustment accessory group includes a first object to be detected, a first object to be detected mounting bracket, a first contact sensor, a magnetic compass, and a magnetic compass mounting bracket. The first object to be detected mounting bracket and the magnetic compass mounting bracket are respectively arranged on the left and right sides of the rotation axis. The first object to be detected is arranged on the first object to be detected mounting bracket. The magnetic compass is horizontally arranged on the magnetic compass mounting bracket for initial orientation positioning of the grid antenna. The frame fixes the first contact sensor at a 180° angle to the front and back on the side corresponding to the first object to be detected. The PLC controller is electrically connected to the first contact sensor.

[0012] Optionally, the orientation adjustment drive assembly includes a second servo motor and a second reducer, and the orientation adjustment rotation assembly includes a connector, a thrust ball bearing, a roller bearing, and a second rotating shaft. The second servo motor is connected to the second reducer, and the second reducer is connected to the second rotating shaft via a connector key. The connector is mounted on the top of the base using the thrust ball bearing and locked to the bottom of the frame with fasteners. The second rotating shaft is mounted on the base via the roller bearing. The thrust ball bearing and roller bearing are fixed using retaining rings and end caps. The second rotating shaft passes through the bottom of the frame and is fixed to the frame with fasteners. The PLC controller is electrically connected to the second servo motor.

[0013] Optionally, the orientation adjustment accessory group includes a second object to be detected, a second contact sensor, and a sensor mounting plate. There are two sensor mounting plates, which are symmetrically arranged at 180° on the outside of the base. The second contact sensor is fixed on the sensor mounting plate. The second object to be detected is fixed on one side of the bottom of the frame. The second contact sensor is electrically connected to the PLC controller.

[0014] Optionally, the support is a tripod, and the tripod is provided with a leg rotation shaft for adjusting the opening and closing angle of the tripod legs. The base is provided with three clamping members, and a leg rotation shaft is installed between every two clamping members. The leg rotation shaft is installed on the base by fasteners. A stop plate is installed between every two clamping members. The position of the stop plate corresponds to the leg rotation shaft to limit the movement of the tripod legs.

[0015] Optionally, the support is a lifting mast, the bottom of which is installed on the vehicle or the ground, and the top is fixed to the bottom of the base. The lifting mast is composed of multiple interlocking sections and uses pneumatic means to achieve lifting capability.

[0016] According to specific embodiments provided by the present invention, the present invention discloses the following technical effects: The automatic turntable antenna for high-altitude balloon communication provided by the present invention automatically adjusts the pitch and azimuth angles of the antenna by collecting the position and movement of the high-altitude balloon from the control console; the support has two options: tripod and lifting mast, which are suitable for various scenarios; both the pitch adjustment module and the azimuth adjustment module are equipped with contact sensors to prevent excessive rotation angle from causing failure to reset. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the tripod automatic turntable antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the automatic turntable antenna for the lifting mast, according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the pitch and attitude adjustment module.

[0021] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the card holder assembly structure;

[0022] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the contact sensor arrangement for the pitch and attitude adjustment module;

[0023] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the orientation and attitude adjustment module.

[0024] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the contact sensor arrangement for the orientation and attitude adjustment module;

[0025] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the installation principle of a tripod.

[0026] Figure 9 This is a connection block diagram for the automatic turntable antenna control system.

[0027] Reference numerals: 1. Grid antenna; 2. Pitch adjustment module; 3. Azimuth adjustment module; 4. Tripod; 5. Lifting mast; 6. Adapter; 7. Control console; 8. Cable; 201. Frame assembly; 202. Pitch adjustment drive assembly; 203. Pitch adjustment rotation assembly; 204. Pitch adjustment accessory assembly; 205. Clip assembly; 2011. Frame; 2012. Rib; 2013. Left housing; 2014. Right housing; 2015. Connecting bolt; 2021. First servo motor; 2022. First reducer; 2023. Right-angle converter; 2031. First rotating shaft; 2032. Deep groove ball bearing; 2033. First end cap; 2041. First object to be detected; 2042. 2043. Mounting bracket for the object to be detected; 2044. First contact sensor; 2045. Magnetic compass; 2051. Magnetic compass mounting bracket; 2052. L-shaped bracket clamping assembly; 2053. Matching mounting fasteners; 301. Base; 302. Orientation adjustment drive assembly; 303. Orientation adjustment rotation assembly; 304. Orientation adjustment accessory group; 3011. Clamping component; 3012. Stop plate; 3021. Second servo motor; 3022. Second reducer; 3031. Connector; 3032. Thrust ball bearing; 3033. Roller bearing; 3034. Second rotating shaft; 3041. Second object to be detected; 3042. Second contact sensor; 3043. Sensor mounting plate; 401. Leg rotating shaft. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0029] The purpose of this invention is to provide an automatic turntable antenna for high-altitude balloon communication, which can automatically adjust the antenna pointing according to the position and movement of the high-altitude balloon to achieve tracking of the high-altitude balloon. It is lightweight, portable, cost-effective, and adaptable to various scenarios.

[0030] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0031] like Figure 1-2As shown, an automatic turntable antenna for high-altitude balloon communication includes: a grid antenna 1, an elevation adjustment module 2, an azimuth adjustment module 3, a bracket, and a PLC controller. The azimuth adjustment module 3 is mounted on the bracket, and the elevation adjustment module 2 is mounted on the azimuth adjustment module 3. The top of the elevation adjustment module 2 is fixed to the grid antenna 1 by a clip assembly 205. The PLC controller is electrically connected to the elevation adjustment module 2 and the azimuth adjustment module 3 via a cable 8. The elevation adjustment module 2 is used to adjust the elevation azimuth angle of the grid antenna 1, and the azimuth adjustment module 3 is used to adjust the horizontal azimuth angle of the grid antenna 1.

[0032] like Figure 3-5 As shown, the pitch and attitude adjustment module 2 includes a frame 2011 component 201, a pitch and attitude adjustment drive component 202, a pitch and attitude adjustment rotation component 203, and a pitch and attitude adjustment accessory group 204. The bottom of the frame 2011 component 201 is connected to the azimuth and attitude adjustment module 3. The pitch and attitude adjustment drive component 202 is disposed on one side of the frame 2011 component 201, and the pitch and attitude adjustment rotation component 203 is disposed on the upper side of the frame 2011 component 201. The pitch and attitude adjustment drive component 202 is connected to the pitch and attitude adjustment rotation component 203. The pitch and attitude adjustment accessory group 204 and the grid antenna 1 are disposed on the pitch and attitude adjustment rotation component 203. The PLC controller is electrically connected to the pitch and attitude adjustment accessory group 204 and the pitch and attitude adjustment drive component 202.

[0033] The frame 2011 assembly 201 includes: a frame 2011, ribs 2012, a left shell 2013, a right shell 2014, and fasteners. The frame 2011 is rectangular. The left shell 2013 is connected to the left side of the frame 2011, and the right shell 2014 is connected to the right side of the frame 2011. The pitch adjustment mode drive assembly is disposed inside the right shell 2014. The pitch adjustment rotation assembly 203 is disposed in the upper half of the frame 2011. The ribs 2012 are fixed in the lower half of the frame 2011. There are four ribs 2012, which are respectively disposed in the front left, rear left, front right, and rear right parts of the frame 2011. The ribs 2012 are connected to the frame 2011 by connecting bolts 2015 to improve the structural strength and stability of the overall frame 2011. The top of the azimuth adjustment rotation assembly 303 passes through the bottom of the frame 2011 and is fixed by the fasteners. The left housing 2013 and right housing 2014 are used to cover and enclose the drive part and sensor assembly, which serves to protect them and keep the appearance neat. The left housing 2013 and right housing 2014 are installed on the frame 2011 by connecting bolts 2015. The left housing 2013 and right housing 2014 are made of sheet metal.

[0034] The pitch adjustment drive assembly 202 includes a first servo motor 2021, a first reducer 2022, and a right-angle converter 2023. The pitch adjustment rotation assembly 203 includes a pitch first rotation axis 2031, a deep groove ball bearing 2032, and a first end cover 2033. The first servo motor 2021 is located at the bottom inside the right housing 2014. The output end of the first servo motor 2021 is connected to the first reducer 2022, and the two are locked together with fasteners. The first reducer 2022 is connected to the right-angle converter, and the two are locked together with fasteners. The deep groove ball bearing 2022... There are two components, respectively fixed to the top sides of the frame 2011 by elastic retaining rings and end cap structures. A right-angle commutator key connects to one end of the first rotating shaft 2031. The other end of the first rotating shaft 2031 passes through two deep groove ball bearings 2032. The pitch adjustment accessory group 204 and the grid antenna 1 are mounted on the first rotating shaft 2031. The grid antenna 1 is fixed to the first rotating shaft 2031 by an L-shaped bracket clamping assembly 2051 and locked with matching fasteners 2052. The PLC controller is electrically connected to the first servo motor 2021. The structural diagram of the clamping assembly 205 is shown below. Figure 4 As shown. The deep groove ball bearing 2032 is selected from the deep groove ball bearing 2032, and the deep groove ball bearing 2032 is axially positioned using a shaft elastic retaining ring and a first end cover 2033 structural component.

[0035] When the first servo motor 2021 and the first reducer 2022 output power, their output direction is parallel to the axis of the first servo motor 2021. Therefore, the drive unit can only be installed horizontally, resulting in a large horizontal dimension for the pitch adjustment module 2. To make the overall structure compact, the right-angle converter 2023 uses a single-axis L-shaped right-angle commutator, allowing the drive unit to be installed vertically. This commutator has a 1:1 speed ratio, a compact structure, and is directly compatible with the first servo motor 2021 and the first reducer 2022.

[0036] The pitch and attitude adjustment accessory group 204 includes a first object to be detected 2041, a first object to be detected mounting bracket 2042, a first contact sensor 2043, a magnetic compass 2044, and a magnetic compass mounting bracket 2045. The first object to be detected mounting bracket 2042 and the magnetic compass mounting bracket 2045 are respectively arranged on the left and right sides of the rotation axis. The first object to be detected 2041 is arranged on the first object to be detected mounting bracket 2042. The magnetic compass 2044 is horizontally arranged on the magnetic compass mounting bracket 2045 for the initial orientation positioning of the grid antenna 1. The magnetic compass mounting bracket 2045 uses a clamp-type mechanism. During installation, the magnetic compass 2044 must be horizontal to avoid affecting the positioning of the turntable antenna. The frame 2011 fixes the first contact sensor 2043 to the front and back on the side corresponding to the first object to be detected 2041, respectively. The PLC controller is electrically connected to the first contact sensor 2043.

[0037] like Figure 5 This diagram illustrates the arrangement of the first contact sensor 2043. The first contact sensor 2043 is secured to the frame 2011 with a thin nut. The detection angle formed by the two first contact sensors 2043 is 180°. The first object to be detected 2041 is mounted on the first rotating shaft 2031 via a first object-to-detection mounting bracket 2042. The mounting bracket is made of aluminum alloy and uses a clamp-type design. The first object to be detected 2041 is fastened to the first object-to-detection mounting bracket 2042 using fasteners, with the fasteners on the side closest to the first contact sensor 2043 being made of 20 steel. The distance between the ground contact sensor and the first object to be detected 2041 can be adjusted by adjusting the position of the clamp-type first object-to-detection mounting bracket 2042 and the installation depth of the first contact sensor 2043. Currently, this sensor model requires a detection distance of 4mm. When the first object to be detected 2041 comes into contact with the first contact sensor 2043, the first contact sensor 2043 sends a signal to the PLC controller, and the PLC controller controls the first servo motor 2021 to stop driving, thereby controlling the pitch adjustment module 2 to rotate within the range of 0 to 180°.

[0038] like Figure 6-8 As shown, the orientation adjustment module 3 includes a base 301, an orientation adjustment drive component 302, an orientation adjustment rotation component 303, and an orientation adjustment accessory group 304. The orientation adjustment accessory group 304 is disposed on the base 301. The bracket is fixed to the bottom of the base 301. The orientation adjustment drive component 302 is vertically fixed to the bottom of the base 301. One end of the orientation adjustment rotation component 303 is connected to the orientation adjustment drive component 302, and the other end passes through the base 301 and is connected to the frame 2011 component 201 by fasteners. The PLC controller is electrically connected to the orientation adjustment accessory group 304 and the orientation adjustment drive component 302.

[0039] The orientation adjustment drive assembly 302 includes a second servo motor 3021 and a second reducer 3022. The orientation adjustment rotation assembly 303 includes a connector 3031, a thrust ball bearing 3032, a roller bearing 3033, and a second rotating shaft 3034. The second servo motor 3021 is connected to the second reducer 3022. The second reducer 3022 and the second rotating shaft 3034 are connected by a key via the connector 3031. The connector 3031 is mounted on the top of the base 301 using the thrust ball bearing 3032. The connector 3031 has a screw hole. The second rotating shaft 3034 is locked to the bottom of the frame 2011 by connecting bolts 2015. The second rotating shaft 3034 is mounted on the base 301 via roller bearings 3033. The thrust ball bearing 3032 and roller bearing 3033 are fixed using retaining rings and end caps. The second rotating shaft 3034 passes through the bottom of the frame 2011 and is fixed to the frame 2011 by fasteners consisting of nuts and fastening washers. When the second rotating shaft 3034 is driven to rotate, it drives the overall azimuth angle of the upper pitch adjustment module 2 to change. The PLC controller is electrically connected to the second servo motor 3021. The thrust ball bearing 3032 is a one-way thrust ball bearing 3032, and the roller bearing 3033 is a tapered roller bearing 3033. The bearings are fixed using retaining rings and end caps.

[0040] The orientation adjustment accessory group 304 includes a second object to be detected 3041, a second contact sensor 3042, and a sensor mounting plate 3043. There are two sensor mounting plates 3043, which are symmetrically arranged on the outside of the base 301. The second contact sensor 3042 is fixed on the sensor mounting plate 3043. The second object to be detected 3041 is fixed on one side of the bottom of the frame 2011. The second contact sensor 3042 is electrically connected to the PLC controller.

[0041] like Figure 7This diagram illustrates the arrangement of the second contact sensors 3042. The second sensors are secured to the sensor mounting plate 3043 by thin nuts. The detection angle formed by the two second contact sensors 3042 is 180°. The second object to be detected 3041 corresponds to the arrangement of the second contact sensors 3042. The pitch adjustment module 2 is driven to rotate by the second servo motor 3021. The second contact sensors 3042 can sense the second object to be detected 3041 at the relevant position. The second object to be detected 3041 is made of 20 steel. Currently, this type of sensor requires a detection distance of 4mm. When the second object to be detected 3041 contacts the second contact sensor 3042, the second contact sensor 3042 sends a signal to the PLC controller. The PLC controller controls the second servo motor 3021 to stop driving, thereby controlling the azimuth adjustment module 3 to rotate within the range of 0 to 180°.

[0042] The first contact sensor 2043 and the second contact sensor 3042 are selected as inductive proximity switches, DC, PNP three-wire normally closed.

[0043] Different bracket structures are selected for different applications. When the bracket is fixed on the ground, a tripod is used, and when it is mobile or vehicle-mounted, a lifting mast is used.

[0044] like Figure 8 As shown, the tripod 4 is equipped with a tripod rotation shaft 401 for adjusting the opening and closing angle of the tripod legs. The base 301 has three clamping members 3011 at its bottom, with one tripod rotation shaft 401 positioned between every two clamping members 3011. The tripod rotation shaft 401 is mounted on the base 301 using fasteners. The opening and closing of the tripod is achieved through the movable space provided by the base 301 structure. A stop plate 3012 is installed between every two clamping members 3011, its position corresponding to the tripod rotation shaft 401, thus limiting the movement of the tripod legs. The stop plate 3012 serves as the reference position for the tripod in its retracted state. To ensure the stability of the tripod's opening and closing, rubber pads or special plastic parts are added between the legs during rotational installation.

[0045] A pre-made leveling instrument tripod 4 was selected and modified. The main telescopic rod of tripod 4 is made of aluminum alloy, and the legs are made of cast iron, which well meets the requirements for use in fixed ground areas. Based on the installation structure characteristics of the tripod 4's interface, the structure of the connecting base 301 was designed, such as... Figure 5 As shown. The original retraction and extension performance of tripod 4 remains unchanged.

[0046] In use, this invention is supported on the ground by a retractable triangular bracket, and its position and height are adjusted accordingly. The control console 7 calculates the azimuth and elevation angles of the directional antenna based on telemetry data (longitude, latitude, and altitude) provided by the ground station and the antenna's own position data. This is converted into antenna control commands and sent via a wired connection to the turntable antenna drive section. Accurate pointing of the directional antenna is then achieved through rotational manipulation of the azimuth adjustment module 3 and the elevation adjustment module 2, which operate within two degrees of freedom. Simultaneously, contact sensors are installed in the azimuth adjustment module 3 and the elevation adjustment module 2 to monitor extreme positions, thereby controlling the rotation and swing mechanisms within their limit ranges.

[0047] The base 301 has an adapter 6 fixed to its bottom, which is bolted to the top of the lifting mast 5. The lifting mast 5 is mounted on the vehicle or the ground to allow the turntable antenna to move with the vehicle while operating. The lifting mast 5 is composed of multiple interlocking sections and uses pneumatic lifting to enable the turntable antenna to operate in obstructed environments. The height of the lifting mast 5 is selected in the range of 1.5m to 4m, and the mast's load-bearing capacity is not less than 15kg. When mounted on a vehicle, the lifting range of the turntable antenna is 2.5m to 5m. The lifting mast 5 can raise the turntable antenna to a height of more than 3.5m, allowing it to move with the vehicle when mounted on a vehicle.

[0048] The automatic turntable antenna control system consists of a receipt receiving and transmitting system and a PLC servo system. The system principle is as follows: Figure 8 As shown, the ground station receives flight data from the high-altitude balloon via an antenna. The ground station then transmits the extracted longitude, latitude, and altitude information of the airship's current position to the PLC controller via a bus. The PLC system obtains the longitude, latitude, and altitude information of the current antenna system location by collecting data from the local GPS module and electronic compass. Based on the two sets of GPS data from the high-altitude balloon and the system, it calculates the elevation and azimuth angles required for the directional antenna rotation using a calculation model. This allows it to control the first servo motor 2021 and the second servo motor 3021 to point the antenna towards the high-altitude balloon, ensuring normal communication between the aircraft and the ground control station. The signal transmission relationship is as follows: Figure 9 As shown.

[0049] The automatic turntable antenna for high-altitude balloon communication provided by this invention automatically adjusts the antenna's pitch and azimuth angles by collecting the position and movement of the high-altitude balloon from the control console. The support has two options: tripod and lifting mast, which can be used to adapt to various scenarios. Both the pitch and azimuth adjustment modules are equipped with contact sensors to prevent excessive rotation angles from causing the antenna to fail to reset.

[0050] This document uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The descriptions of the above embodiments are only for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core ideas of the present invention. Furthermore, those skilled in the art will recognize that, based on the ideas of the present invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope. Therefore, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention.

Claims

1. An automatic turntable antenna for high-altitude balloon communication, characterized in that, include: The system includes a grid antenna, an elevation adjustment module, an azimuth adjustment module, a bracket, and a PLC controller. The azimuth adjustment module is mounted on the bracket, and the elevation adjustment module is mounted on the azimuth adjustment module. The top of the elevation adjustment module is fixed to the grid antenna by a clip assembly. The PLC controller is electrically connected to the elevation adjustment module and the azimuth adjustment module. The pitch and attitude adjustment module includes a frame assembly, a pitch and attitude adjustment drive assembly, a pitch and attitude adjustment rotation assembly, and a pitch and attitude adjustment accessory group. The bottom of the frame assembly is connected to the azimuth and attitude adjustment module. The pitch and attitude adjustment drive assembly is disposed on one side of the frame assembly, and the pitch and attitude adjustment rotation assembly is disposed on the upper side of the frame assembly. The pitch and attitude adjustment drive assembly is connected to the pitch and attitude adjustment rotation assembly. The pitch and attitude adjustment accessory group and a grid antenna are disposed on the pitch and attitude adjustment rotation assembly. The PLC controller is electrically connected to the pitch and attitude adjustment accessory group and the pitch and attitude adjustment drive assembly. The orientation adjustment module includes a base, an orientation adjustment drive component, an orientation adjustment rotation component, and an orientation adjustment accessory group. The orientation adjustment accessory group is disposed on the base, and the bracket is fixed to the bottom of the base. The orientation adjustment drive component is vertically fixed to the bottom of the base. One end of the orientation adjustment rotation component is connected to the orientation adjustment drive component, and the other end passes through the base and is connected to the frame component by fasteners. The PLC controller is electrically connected to the orientation adjustment accessory group and the orientation adjustment drive component. The frame assembly includes: a frame, ribs, a left shell, a right shell, and fasteners. The left shell is connected to the left side of the frame, and the right shell is connected to the right side of the frame. A pitch adjustment mode drive assembly is disposed inside the right shell. The pitch adjustment rotation assembly is disposed in the upper half of the frame. The ribs are fixed in the lower half of the frame. There are four ribs, which are respectively disposed in the front left, rear left, front right, and rear right parts of the frame. The top of the azimuth adjustment rotation assembly passes through the bottom of the frame and is fixed by the fasteners. The pitch adjustment drive assembly includes a first servo motor, a first reducer, and a right-angle converter. The pitch adjustment rotation assembly includes a pitch first rotation axis, a deep groove ball bearing, and a first end cap. The first servo motor is located at the bottom inside the right housing. The output end of the first servo motor is connected to the first reducer. The first reducer is connected to the right-angle converter. There are two deep groove ball bearings, which are respectively fixed to the top two sides of the frame by a shaft elastic retaining ring and an end cap structure. The right-angle converter is connected to one end of the first rotation axis. The other end of the first rotation axis passes through the two deep groove ball bearings. The pitch adjustment accessory group and the grid antenna are arranged on the first rotation axis. The PLC controller is electrically connected to the first servo motor.

2. The automatic turntable antenna for high-altitude balloon communication according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pitch and attitude adjustment accessory group includes a first object to be detected, a first object to be detected mounting bracket, a first contact sensor, a magnetic compass, and a magnetic compass mounting bracket. The first object to be detected mounting bracket and the magnetic compass mounting bracket are respectively arranged on the left and right sides of the rotation axis. The first object to be detected is arranged on the first object to be detected mounting bracket. The magnetic compass is horizontally arranged on the magnetic compass mounting bracket for initial orientation positioning of the grid antenna. The frame fixes the first contact sensor at a 180° angle to the front and back on the side corresponding to the first object to be detected. The PLC controller is electrically connected to the first contact sensor.

3. The automatic turntable antenna for high-altitude balloon communication according to claim 1, characterized in that, The orientation adjustment drive assembly includes a second servo motor and a second reducer. The orientation adjustment rotation assembly includes a connector, a thrust ball bearing, a roller bearing, and a second rotating shaft. The second servo motor is connected to the second reducer. The second reducer and the second rotating shaft are connected via a connector key. The connector is mounted on the top of the base using the thrust ball bearing and locked to the bottom of the frame with fasteners. The second rotating shaft is mounted on the base using the roller bearing. The thrust ball bearing and roller bearing are fixed with retaining rings and end caps. The second rotating shaft passes through the bottom of the frame and is fixed to the frame with fasteners. The PLC controller is electrically connected to the second servo motor.

4. The automatic turntable antenna for high-altitude balloon communication according to claim 1, characterized in that, The orientation adjustment accessory group includes a second object to be detected, a second contact sensor, and a sensor mounting plate. There are two sensor mounting plates, which are symmetrically arranged at 180° on the outside of the base. The second contact sensor is fixed on the sensor mounting plate. The second object to be detected is fixed on one side of the bottom of the frame. The second contact sensor is electrically connected to the PLC controller.

5. The automatic turntable antenna for high-altitude balloon communication according to claim 1, characterized in that, The support is a tripod, and the tripod is equipped with a leg rotation shaft for adjusting the opening and closing angle of the tripod legs. The bottom of the base is equipped with three clamping members, and a leg rotation shaft is installed between every two clamping members. The leg rotation shaft is installed on the base by fasteners. A stop plate is installed between every two clamping members. The position of the stop plate corresponds to the leg rotation shaft to limit the movement of the tripod legs.

6. The automatic turntable antenna for high-altitude balloon communication according to claim 1, characterized in that, The support is a lifting mast, the bottom of which is installed on the vehicle or the ground, and the top is fixed to the bottom of the base. The lifting mast is composed of multiple interlocking sections and uses pneumatic means to achieve lifting capability.

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