An antenna and electronic device
By designing an antenna structure with slot feeding and a metal pillar array on a low dielectric constant substrate, the problem of achieving high gain for low dielectric constant substrate antennas without increasing size has been solved, promoting antenna miniaturization and performance improvement.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Patents(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- SHENZHEN SUNWAY COMM
- Filing Date
- 2023-08-25
- Publication Date
- 2026-06-12
AI Technical Summary
When constructing antennas using low-dielectric-constant dielectric substrates, how can we achieve the same performance as high-dielectric-constant dielectric substrates without increasing the size, and improve the gain to promote the miniaturization of antennas?
The design employs a dielectric substrate, a radiating component, and a feeding component. The radiating component includes several first radiators and second radiators, with the second radiators spaced apart on both sides of the first radiators. The feeding component includes an antenna ground and a feeding slot, which excites electromagnetic field radiation by feeding through the slot. This is combined with a metal pillar array to enhance radiation efficiency and gain.
High gain was achieved without increasing antenna size, which promoted the miniaturization of antennas and reduced production costs and manufacturing complexity.
Smart Images
Figure CN117039418B_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present invention relates to the field of antenna technology, and in particular to an antenna and electronic device. Background Technology
[0002] High-dielectric-constant antennas refer to antennas constructed using high-dielectric-constant substrates. Currently, millimeter-wave broadband dielectric resonator antennas have been implemented on high-dielectric-constant substrates. However, during testing, it was found that the high-dielectric-constant substrate exhibits anisotropy, which affects antenna performance. Furthermore, high-dielectric-constant substrates are generally more expensive than low-dielectric-constant substrates. Therefore, to eliminate the anisotropy caused by high-dielectric-constant substrates and to save costs, low-dielectric-constant substrates are typically used to construct antennas, with corresponding structural modifications to achieve equivalent performance to antennas using high-dielectric-constant substrates. However, in achieving the equivalent performance of antennas using low-dielectric-constant substrates compared to high-dielectric-constant substrates, the size of the antenna is usually increased accordingly, hindering antenna miniaturization. Summary of the Invention
[0003] The main technical problem solved by the embodiments of the present invention is to provide an antenna and electronic device that, within the same size, can achieve the same performance as a high dielectric constant dielectric substrate using a low dielectric constant dielectric substrate. At the same time, by increasing the gain, the increase in antenna size caused by the equivalent is offset, which is beneficial to the miniaturization of the antenna.
[0004] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, one technical solution adopted in this embodiment of the invention is: an antenna, including a dielectric substrate, a radiating component, and a feeding component. The radiating component includes a plurality of first radiators and second radiators, both of which are embedded in the dielectric substrate. A plurality of second radiators are spaced apart on both sides of the plurality of first radiators. Each second radiator includes a first radiating portion and a second radiating portion, which are spaced apart. The feeding component includes an antenna ground, which is embedded in the dielectric substrate. The antenna ground has a feeding slot. The projections of the plurality of first radiators and second radiators onto the antenna ground cover the feeding slot to form slot feeding.
[0005] Optionally, the size of the first radiating part is the same as the size of the second radiating part, the end face of the first radiating part away from the second radiating part is flush with the top end face of the first radiator, and the end face of the second radiating part away from the first radiating part is flush with the bottom end face of the first radiator.
[0006] Optionally, the dielectric substrate is defined with a first direction and a second direction, the first direction being perpendicular to the second direction, a plurality of first radiators being spaced apart along the first direction, a plurality of second radiators being spaced apart along the first direction, and along the second direction, a plurality of second radiators being symmetrically arranged on both sides of a plurality of first radiators.
[0007] Optionally, a plurality of first radiators and second radiators are arranged in an n×n array, where n is an odd number.
[0008] Optionally, the antenna also includes several metal pillars, which are embedded in a dielectric substrate. The metal pillars are arranged around the radiating component within the dielectric substrate. The metal pillars are spaced apart from the radiating component and together form a metal ring array. The metal ring array is used to enhance the radiation of the radiating component to improve the antenna gain.
[0009] Optionally, the dielectric substrate includes a first plate, a second plate, and a third plate. The first plate, the second plate, and the third plate are stacked end to end to form the dielectric substrate. A plurality of first radiators and second radiators are embedded in the first plate. An antenna ground is disposed between the second plate and the third plate. A plurality of metal pillars are embedded in the first plate and the second plate.
[0010] Optionally, the thickness of the first plate is greater than the thickness of the second and third plates.
[0011] Optionally, the dielectric constants of the first plate, the second plate, and the third plate range from 2.2 to 4.4.
[0012] Optionally, the feed assembly also includes a microstrip line disposed on the end face of the dielectric substrate away from the radiating component. The projection of the microstrip line onto the antenna ground intersects with the feed slot, so that the microstrip line is coupled to the feed slot.
[0013] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, another technical solution adopted in the embodiments of the present invention is to provide an electronic device, including the antenna described above.
[0014] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: Unlike the prior art, this invention includes a dielectric substrate, a radiating component, and a feeding component. The radiating component includes a plurality of first radiators and second radiators, both of which are embedded in the dielectric substrate. A plurality of second radiators are spaced apart on both sides of the first radiators. Each second radiator includes a first radiating portion and a second radiating portion, which are spaced apart. The feeding component includes an antenna ground, which is embedded in the dielectric substrate and has a feeding slot. The projections of the first and second radiators onto the antenna ground cover the feeding slot, forming a slot feeding. Through the dielectric substrate, the plurality of first and second radiators, an equivalent high-dielectric-constant antenna with the same performance can be achieved. Furthermore, through the plurality of fragmented second radiators (i.e., the spaced first and second radiating portions), the efficiency of the radiating component can be enhanced, increasing the gain. Therefore, an equivalent high-dielectric-constant antenna can be achieved without increasing the antenna size. Attached Figure Description
[0015] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in specific embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. In all the drawings, similar elements or parts are generally identified by similar reference numerals. In the drawings, the elements or parts are not necessarily drawn to scale.
[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the antenna in an embodiment of the present invention;
[0017] Figure 2 This is an exploded view of the overall structure of the antenna in an embodiment of the present invention;
[0018] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the overall structure of the antenna in an embodiment of the present invention;
[0019] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the front structure of the antenna in an embodiment of the present invention;
[0020] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the rear structure of the antenna in an embodiment of the present invention;
[0021] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the antenna's radiating component and the metal pillar in an embodiment of the present invention;
[0022] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the electric and magnetic fields of the antenna in an embodiment of the present invention;
[0023] Figure 8 This is a radiation gain diagram of the antenna in an embodiment of the present invention.
[0024] In the figure: 1 dielectric substrate, 11 first plate, 12 second plate, 13 third plate, 2 radiating assembly, 21 first radiator, 22 second radiator, 221 first radiating part, 222 second radiating part, 3 feed assembly, 31 antenna ground, 311 feed gap, 32 microstrip line, 4 metal pillar. Detailed Implementation
[0025] To facilitate understanding of the present invention, a more detailed description is provided below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be noted that when an element is described as being "fixed to" another element, it can be directly on the other element, or one or more intermediate elements may exist between them. When an element is described as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element, or one or more intermediate elements may exist between them. The terms "upper," "lower," "inner," "outer," "vertical," "horizontal," etc., used in this specification indicate orientation or positional relationships based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," etc., are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
[0026] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used in this specification have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains. The terminology used in this specification is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the invention. The term "and / or" as used in this specification includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
[0027] Furthermore, the technical features involved in the different embodiments of the present invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.
[0028] Please see Figures 1 to 6 An antenna includes a dielectric substrate 1, a radiating component 2, and a feeding component 3. The radiating component 2 includes a plurality of first radiators 21 and second radiators 22, which are embedded in the dielectric substrate 1. The plurality of second radiators 22 are spaced apart on both sides of the plurality of first radiators 21. Each second radiator 22 includes a first radiating portion 221 and a second radiating portion 222, which are spaced apart. The feeding component 3 includes an antenna ground 31, which is embedded in the dielectric substrate 1. The antenna ground 31 is provided with a feeding slot 311. The projections of the plurality of first radiators 21 and second radiators 22 onto the antenna ground 31 cover the feeding slot 311 to form slot feeding.
[0029] Please see Figures 1 to 3 Regarding the structure of the aforementioned antenna, the dielectric substrate 1 is rectangular in shape and is a low-dielectric-constant dielectric substrate. The first radiator 21 and the second radiator 22 are both cylindrical structures, and both are made of metal. The antenna operates by first acquiring a feed signal through the antenna ground 31 and transmitting it to the feed slot 311. Then, the feed signal penetrates the dielectric substrate 1 through the feed slot 311 and is transmitted to the first radiator 21 and the second radiator 22. Finally, the first radiator 21 and the second radiator 22 generate electromagnetic field radiation under the excitation of the feed signal. Because the second radiator 22 is broken, i.e., it includes a first radiating part 221 and a second radiating part 222 spaced apart, during the generation of electromagnetic field radiation by the second radiator 22, the spaced-apart first radiating part 221 and second radiating part 222 can produce phase and amplitude differences. This makes the radiation direction of the second radiator 22 more concentrated, thereby obtaining higher radiated energy in a specific direction to improve the antenna gain.
[0030] Please see Figure 7 A dielectric substrate 1, several first radiators 21, several second radiators 22, and an antenna ground 31 together form a TE111 mode metal pillar antenna. In the TE111 mode metal pillar antenna, both the electric and magnetic fields are distributed along the radial and axial directions of the metal pillar, which is typically a cylinder. This approach enables a compact antenna design, facilitating antenna miniaturization and achieving high gain, making it particularly suitable for high radiation efficiency applications. Furthermore, its relatively simple geometry simplifies the antenna structure, reducing production costs and manufacturing complexity.
[0031] For further details, please refer to Figure 3 and Figure 6 The size of the first radiating part 221 is the same as that of the second radiating part 222. The end face of the first radiating part 221 away from the second radiating part 222 is flush with the top end face of the first radiator 21. The end face of the second radiating part 222 away from the first radiating part 221 is flush with the bottom end face of the first radiator 21.
[0032] Please see Figure 3 and Figure 6The first radiating part 221 and the second radiating part 222 are cylindrical metal bodies of the same size. With the center line of the first radiating body 21 as the reference, the first radiating part 221 and the second radiating part 222 are symmetrically distributed about the center line of the first radiating body 21. Here, the center line refers to the line of symmetry in the middle of the first radiating body 21, which divides the first radiating body 21 into two symmetrical parts. The symmetrical arrangement of the first radiating part 221 and the second radiating part 222 helps to ensure that the antenna maintains symmetry in the main radiation direction, thereby ensuring that the radiated energy is enhanced in a specific direction, thereby improving the gain.
[0033] For further details, please refer to Figure 6 The dielectric substrate 1 is defined with a first direction and a second direction. The first direction is perpendicular to the second direction. A plurality of first radiators 21 are spaced apart along the first direction, and a plurality of second radiators 22 are spaced apart along the first direction. Along the second direction, the plurality of second radiators 22 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the plurality of first radiators 21.
[0034] For further details, please refer to Figure 6 Several first radiators 21 and second radiators 22 are arranged in an n×n array, where n is an odd number. This n×n array arrangement enables coherent superposition of radiation in a specific direction, thereby increasing the total radiated energy and improving gain, which helps to offset the increased antenna size caused by the equivalent circuit. Furthermore, this n×n array arrangement also allows for spatial filtering to reduce interference signals from other directions, thus improving the antenna's anti-interference capability.
[0035] Furthermore, for further improvements to the antenna gain, please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 1 , Figure 3 and Figure 6 The antenna also includes several metal pillars 4, which are embedded in the dielectric substrate 1. The metal pillars 4 are arranged around the radiating component 2 within the dielectric substrate 1. The metal pillars 4 are spaced apart from the radiating component 2. The metal pillars 4 together form a metal ring array.
[0036] Please see Figure 1 and Figure 6 The metal pillars 4 are all cylindrical metal pillars, and the overall shape of the dielectric substrate 1 and the radiating component 2 is rectangular. Therefore, the metal pillars 4 are buried along the periphery of the rectangular substrate in the rectangular dielectric substrate 1 and form a rectangular metal ring array. In this way, the electromagnetic waves generated by the radiating component 2 can be suppressed from radiating outwards, thereby effectively enhancing the electromagnetic waves of the radiating component 2 to radiate outwards in a specific direction, thus effectively improving the gain of the antenna.
[0037] For further details, please refer to Figure 2The dielectric substrate 1 includes a first plate 11, a second plate 12, and a third plate 13. The first plate 11, the second plate 12, and the third plate 13 are stacked end-to-end to form the dielectric substrate 1. A plurality of first radiators 21 and second radiators 22 are embedded in the first plate 11. An antenna ground 31 is disposed between the second plate 12 and the third plate 13. A plurality of metal pillars 4 are embedded in the first plate 11 and the second plate 12. By including multiple plates in the dielectric substrate 1, the operating frequency of the antenna can be tuned by adjusting the thickness and dielectric constant of different plates, which is beneficial for the antenna to adapt to applications in different frequency ranges.
[0038] For further details, please refer to Figure 2 The thickness of the first plate 11 is greater than the thickness of the second plate 12 and the third plate 13. This greater thickness of the first plate 11 helps reduce the back radiation of the antenna, thereby enhancing the radiation in the main radiation direction and improving the antenna gain.
[0039] Furthermore, since the dielectric substrate 1 comprises multiple plates, and the dielectric substrate 1 is a low dielectric constant dielectric substrate 1, in order for the dielectric substrate 1 to meet the above conditions, please refer to [reference needed]. Figure 2 The dielectric constants of the first plate 11, the second plate 12, and the third plate 13 range from 2.2 to 4.4.
[0040] For further details, please refer to Figure 2 The feed assembly 3 also includes a microstrip line 32, which is disposed on the end face of the dielectric substrate 1 away from the radiating assembly 2. The projection of the microstrip line 32 onto the antenna ground 31 intersects with the feed slot 311, thereby coupling the microstrip line 32 with the feed slot 311. The arrangement of the microstrip line 32 allows for more flexible antenna feeding and facilitates easier integration of the antenna with other circuit components.
[0041] Furthermore, to verify the antenna design of this embodiment of the invention, simulation experiments are conducted as follows:
[0042] Please see Figure 8 , Figure 8 This is a radiation gain diagram of the antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 8The horizontal axis represents frequency, and the vertical axis represents radiation gain. Model 1 represents a dielectric substrate 1 with a plurality of first radiators 21 and a plurality of second radiators 22 without spaced first radiators 221 and second radiators 222. Model 2 represents a dielectric substrate 1 with a plurality of first radiators 21 and a plurality of second radiators 22 with spaced first radiators 221 and second radiators 222. Model 3 represents a dielectric substrate 1 with a plurality of first radiators 21, a plurality of second radiators 22 with spaced first radiators 221 and second radiators 222, and a plurality of metal pillars 4 surrounding the radiation component 2. As can be seen from the figure, at the same frequency, the gain of Model 1, Model 2, and Model 3 gradually increases. Therefore, in this embodiment of the invention, the gain of the antenna can be improved by the plurality of second radiators 22 with spaced first radiators 221 and second radiators 222, and the gain of the antenna can be further improved by the plurality of metal pillars 4 surrounding the radiation component 2.
[0043] The present invention includes a dielectric substrate 1, a radiating component 2, and a feeding component 3. The radiating component 2 includes a plurality of first radiators 21 and second radiators 22, which are embedded in the dielectric substrate 1. The plurality of second radiators 22 are spaced apart on both sides of the plurality of first radiators 21. The second radiators 22 include a first radiating part 221 and a second radiating part 222, which are spaced apart. The feeding component 3 includes an antenna ground 31, which is embedded in the dielectric substrate 1. The antenna ground 31 is provided with a feeding slot 311. The projections of the plurality of first radiators 21 and second radiators 22 onto the antenna ground 31 cover the feeding slot 311 to form slot feeding. The dielectric substrate 1, a plurality of first radiators 21 and second radiators 22 can be used to generate an equivalent high dielectric constant antenna. At the same time, the plurality of second radiators 22 are arranged in a broken manner, that is, a plurality of first radiators 221 and second radiators 222 are arranged at intervals, which can enhance the efficiency of the radiating component 2 and improve the gain. Thus, without increasing the size of the antenna, an equivalent high dielectric constant antenna can be generated.
[0044] The present invention also provides an embodiment of an electronic device, which includes the antenna described above. For the specific structure and function of the antenna, please refer to the above embodiments, which will not be repeated here.
[0045] The above description is merely an embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structural or procedural transformations made based on the content of the present invention's specification and drawings, or direct or indirect applications in other related technical fields, are similarly included within the patent protection scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. An antenna, characterized by include: Dielectric substrate; A radiating assembly includes a plurality of first radiators and a plurality of second radiators, both of which are embedded in the dielectric substrate. The plurality of second radiators are spaced apart on both sides of the plurality of first radiators. Each second radiator includes a first radiating portion and a second radiating portion. The first radiating portion and the second radiating portion are the same size and are symmetrically distributed about the centerline of the first radiator. Here, the centerline refers to the line of symmetry in the middle that divides the first radiator into two symmetrical parts. The power supply assembly includes an antenna ground, which is embedded in the dielectric substrate. The antenna ground has a power supply gap, and the projections of the plurality of first radiators and second radiators on the antenna ground cover the power supply gap to form a gap power supply.
2. The antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The end face of the first radiating part away from the second radiating part is flush with the top end face of the first radiating body, and the end face of the second radiating part away from the first radiating part is flush with the bottom end face of the first radiating body.
3. The antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The dielectric substrate is defined with a first direction and a second direction, the first direction being perpendicular to the second direction, the plurality of first radiators being spaced apart along the first direction, the plurality of second radiators being spaced apart along the first direction, and the plurality of second radiators being symmetrically arranged on both sides of the plurality of first radiators along the second direction.
4. The antenna according to claim 3, characterized in that, The plurality of first radiators and second radiators are arranged in an n×n array, where n is an odd number.
5. The antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The antenna also includes a plurality of metal pillars, all of which are embedded in the dielectric substrate. The plurality of metal pillars are arranged around the radiating component within the dielectric substrate, and are spaced apart from the radiating component. The plurality of metal pillars together form a metal ring array, which is used to enhance the radiation of the radiating component to improve the gain of the antenna.
6. The antenna according to claim 5, characterized in that, The dielectric substrate includes a first plate, a second plate, and a third plate. The first plate, the second plate, and the third plate are stacked end to end to form the dielectric substrate. The plurality of first radiators and second radiators are embedded in the first plate. The antenna ground is disposed between the second plate and the third plate. The plurality of metal pillars are embedded in the first plate and the second plate.
7. The antenna according to claim 6, characterized in that, The thickness of the first plate is greater than the thickness of the second and third plates.
8. The antenna according to claim 6, characterized in that, The dielectric constants of the first plate, the second plate, and the third plate range from 2.2 to 4.
4.
9. The antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The feeding assembly further includes a microstrip line disposed on the end face of the dielectric substrate away from the radiating assembly. The projection of the microstrip line onto the antenna ground intersects with the feeding gap, so that the microstrip line is coupled to the feeding gap.
10. An electronic device, comprising: Including the antenna as described in any one of claims 1-9.