A tunneling system and a method of construction thereof

Abstract

The application discloses a tunneling system and a construction method thereof, the tunneling system comprises a first pushing device between a front shield and a tail shield, and is also provided with a second pushing device for temporarily pushing a pipe section behind the first pushing device, a pipe section hoisting machine is detachably connected above the tail shield, and the pipe section hoisting machine is provided with a height adjusting mechanism and a walking mechanism. In the technical scheme, the pipe section hoisting machine is integrated on the tail shield and can be detached from the tail shield, equipment assembly integration and flexibility can be realized, the pipe section hoisting machine has lifting and moving functions and can be suitable for construction in a height-limited area; in addition, a set of pushing devices are added, so that the equipment has shield and pipe pushing functions, double construction modes can be realized, the equipment can be suitable for a road section crossing shallow underground pipelines, and the purpose of rapidly constructing an intensive underground pipe gallery structure in a central urban area can be achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of soil excavation technology, and in particular to a tunneling system and its construction method. Background Technology

[0002] With the continuous development of urban construction in my country, the spatial layout of some existing overhead cables, fire water pipelines, power and communication cables, water supply and drainage pipelines in some central old urban areas has seriously affected the daily operation and long-term planning and development of the city, and has also brought many inconveniences to residents' lives. Therefore, the demand to unify or divide the above-mentioned pipelines into integrated utility tunnels is becoming increasingly strong.

[0003] Currently, the construction of urban underground utility tunnels has shifted from the original open-cut slope excavation and sheet pile support to U-shaped shield tunneling, taking into account factors such as construction efficiency and environmental impact. However, the presence of some shallowly buried surface pipelines that cannot be relocated temporarily makes U-shaped shield tunneling more difficult. Furthermore, in areas with buildings and ancient trees along roadsides, the U-shaped shield tunneling method needs to address the issue of selecting auxiliary construction equipment, such as excavators and tunnel boring machines, due to height restrictions in the construction area. To address these challenges, relevant research institutions and personnel have proposed some new solutions:

[0004] Prior art 1: Chinese utility model patent with authorization announcement date of 2018-02-27 and authorization announcement number CN207048782U discloses a tunneling machine, which provides a tunneling machine with two working modes, namely, one is the open-cut working mode under shallow burial conditions, and the other is the pipe jacking tunneling mode under deep burial and underpass road or building conditions, which reduces equipment amortization costs and improves construction efficiency.

[0005] Prior Art 2: Chinese Invention Patent CN116220711A, with a publication date of June 6, 2023, discloses an integrated open-cut and shield tunneling construction method and equipment. In the open-cut section, the excavation device is detachably installed above the full-face tunnel boring machine, and the two are used for open-cut construction. In the shield tunneling section, the full-face tunnel boring machine is used for underground full-face tunneling, which solves the technical problem of high construction cost of tunnels that simultaneously have open-cut sections on the ground and tunnels passing under rivers or buildings.

[0006] Prior Art 3: Chinese Invention Patent No. CN 115875044 A, published on March 31, 2023, discloses a shield pushing system and its construction method. The shield pushing system includes: a jacking device installed in the starting shaft and configured to push the jacking pipe section during the pipe jacking method construction; a rock breaking device for tunneling along the tunnel excavation direction; and a shield expansion module including multiple propulsion cylinders and a segment assembly machine. The multiple propulsion cylinders are configured to provide thrust for shield tunneling during the shield tunneling method construction, and the segment assembly machine is configured to assemble shield pipe sections during the shield tunneling method construction.

[0007] Prior Art 4: Chinese Invention Patent CN 116181342 A, published on May 30, 2023, discloses an integrated launching construction method for a U-shaped shield tunneling machine, including launching construction preparation, first-section pipe gallery construction, equipment hoisting construction, launching excavation construction, and launching section backfilling construction. It combines open-cut on-site casting with U-shaped shield tunneling support, and adopts a novel pipe gallery connection method borrowed from the cut-and-cover shield tunneling method, integrating the U-shaped shield tunneling machine, pipe-laying machine, pipe-section transport vehicle, and excavator for integrated operation.

[0008] Prior Art 5: Chinese Invention Patent No. CN 115217479 A, ​​published on October 21, 2022, discloses a variable diameter paving integrated U-shaped shield tunneling machine and its construction method. The variable diameter paving integrated U-shaped shield tunneling machine includes a pipe-laying machine system and a U-shaped tunneling host. The U-shaped tunneling host includes a variable diameter U-shaped shield. The front of the variable diameter U-shaped shield is equipped with a cutting edge cleaning mechanism and a grouting support system integrated inside the front shield. The rear of the variable diameter shield is equipped with a paver and a jacking system. This invention solves the problems of the prior art, such as the inability of U-shaped shield tunneling to excavate with variable cross-section and low efficiency of subbase paving.

[0009] The U-shaped tunneling machines proposed in the prior art 1 and prior art 2 include two modes: open-cut and cut-and-cover tunneling. They are mainly advantageous for deep-buried conditions, such as tunneling under rivers, roads and buildings, and can reduce equipment amortization costs and expenses. However, they are not suitable for shallow-buried pipeline tunnels crossing shallow-buried pipelines and for construction areas with height restrictions. In addition, the above-mentioned dual-mode tunneling machines are equipped with cutterheads, drive devices and muck removal devices. Compared with the case of crossing shallow-buried pipelines, the overall equipment cost is high and the construction process is complex.

[0010] The shield-pushing system proposed in the prior art 3 above includes a jacking device installed in the launching shaft and a rock-breaking device with a propulsion cylinder and a segment assembly machine. It can realize both pipe jacking and shield tunneling construction. Structurally, it is smaller, lighter, and more flexible, and can adapt well to various geological conditions. However, the system is also equipped with a cutterhead, drive, slag removal device, and subsequent accessories, etc. The equipment cost is high, the construction process is complex, and it is not suitable for laying shallow underground pipe corridors.

[0011] The U-shaped tunnel boring machine and its construction method proposed in the prior art 4 and prior art 5 are different from open-cut and cast-in-place construction. They use prefabricated pipe sections for assembly, which is efficient. However, the pipe-laying machine in this method is large and needs to be erected on the tunnel boring machine at one end. It cannot directly cross shallow buried pipelines on the ground and cannot be applied to road sections with width and height restrictions. Summary of the Invention

[0012] To address the shortcomings in the aforementioned background technology, this invention proposes a tunneling system and its construction method, which solves the technical problems that existing tunneling machines cannot be used in construction areas with height and width restrictions and that pipe-laying machines cannot cross shallowly buried pipelines on the ground.

[0013] The technical solution of this application is as follows:

[0014] A tunneling system includes a first jacking device located between a front shield and a tail shield, and a second jacking device for temporarily jacking pipe sections behind the first jacking device. A pipe section hoisting machine is detachably connected above the tail shield, and the pipe section hoisting machine is equipped with a height adjustment mechanism and a traveling mechanism. In this technical solution, the pipe section hoisting machine is integrated on the tail shield and can also be detached from the tail shield, achieving integrated equipment assembly and flexibility. The pipe section hoisting machine has lifting and moving functions, making it suitable for construction areas with height restrictions. In addition, by adding a set of jacking cylinders, the equipment can perform both shield tunneling and pipe jacking functions, enabling dual construction modes. It is suitable for sections crossing shallow underground pipelines and can achieve the goal of rapidly constructing intensive underground utility tunnel structures in central urban areas. When constructing on sections without shallow buried pipelines, the open-cut shield tunneling mode is adopted. Under the action of the first jacking device, the pipe section hoisting machine moves forward synchronously with the tail shield while hoisting and assembling the pipe sections. When constructing on sections with shallow buried pipelines, the mode is switched to open-cut jacking. The pipe section hoisting machine is removed from the tail shield and hoisted and assembled the pipe sections behind the shallow buried pipelines. Under the action of the second jacking device alone or under the combined action of the first and second jacking devices, the main equipment such as the front shield and tail shield advance forward.

[0015] Furthermore, the height adjustment mechanism is used to adjust the height of the crane and the traveling mechanism, and the height adjustment mechanism is preferably a scissor lift mechanism. Based on the above technical solution, this technical solution provides a preferred design scheme for the tunneling system. The height adjustment of the height adjustment mechanism is achieved through the scissor lift mechanism. Through the action of the scissor lift mechanism, the overall height of the pipe section hoisting machine can be adjusted, and the height of the crane and the traveling mechanism can also be adjusted. That is, during the movement and pipe section hoisting and assembly process, the pipe section hoisting machine adjusts its own height through the scissor lift mechanism to adapt to the height restriction conditions above the road; when the pipe section hoisting machine is removed from the tail shield, the pipe section hoisting machine adjusts the height of the traveling mechanism through the scissor lift mechanism to allow it to travel on the overburden.

[0016] Furthermore, the traveling mechanism includes two roller units located on both sides of the pipe section hoisting machine, each roller unit including at least three sets of independently lifting rollers. Based on the above technical solution, this technical solution provides a preferred design scheme for the tunneling system. When the pipe section hoisting machine is removed from the tail shield and the exposed shallow buried pipeline has not been backfilled in time, it is not necessary to backfill the shallow buried pipeline before moving the pipe section hoisting machine. At this time, the independently lifting rollers can be used alternately, that is, one set of independently lifting rollers can be raised to provide support for the other sets of independently lifting rollers, and the machine can be moved over the shallow buried pipe section in sequence until it reaches the tail shield.

[0017] Furthermore, a folding mechanism is provided at the top of the front shield. Based on the above technical solution, this technical solution provides a preferred design scheme for the tunneling system. The folding mechanism is located on both sides of the top of the front shield and connected to the top plate. The unfolded height of the folding mechanism is flush with the ground surface. When the open-cut shield tunneling mode is used in sections without shallow buried pipelines, the folding mechanism plays a role in supporting the soil above the pit. When the construction mode is changed to open-cut jacking in sections with shallow buried pipelines, the folding mechanism retracts and folds into the pit, fitting against the top plate, so as to facilitate crossing the shallow buried pipeline section.

[0018] Furthermore, a jacking structure is provided between the first jacking device and the pipe section and / or between the second jacking device and the pipe section.

[0019] A method for constructing a tunneling system, using any of the tunneling systems described above, includes the following steps:

[0020] S1, when there are no pipelines in the shallow ground, the tunneling system adopts the shield tunneling mode to tunnel forward. The excavated pit is supported by the top folding mechanism and side plates. At the tail shield, the pipe sections are hoisted and assembled by the pipe section hoisting machine. After the pipe sections are assembled, the first jacking device drives the pipe section hoisting machine connected to the tail shield to tunnel forward together.

[0021] S2, when the tunneling reaches a section with shallow buried pipelines, the tunneling system switches to the jacking mode, retracts the folding mechanism, separates the pipe section hoist from the tail shield, and installs a second jacking device behind the assembled pipe section.

[0022] S3, the pipe section hoist continues to assemble pipe sections between the first jacking device and the second jacking device. The second jacking device advances the pipe section forward. When the second jacking device reaches its maximum stroke, it retracts. The pipe section hoist then hoists and assembles a new pipe section. The second jacking device continues to advance the new pipe section forward. This cycle continues until the tail shield crosses a section with shallow buried pipelines.

[0023] S4. After the tail shield passes through the section with shallow buried pipelines, the tunneling system switches back to shield mode to tunnel forward, unfolds the folding mechanism to support the top foundation pit soil, and then the pipe section hoist moves to the tail shield through the traveling mechanism and connects with the tail shield. Then the second jacking device is removed for reuse and construction.

[0024] S5, the tunneling system switches between the shield tunneling mode and the jacking mode according to the surface pipeline laying conditions until the tunneling construction is completed.

[0025] Furthermore, considering the construction height restriction section, during the construction process in step S1, the front of the tunneling system is excavated using the bench method; during the construction process in step S3, the front of the tunneling system is excavated using the bench method, and slope excavation is carried out on both sides. Based on the above technical solutions, this technical solution provides a preferred construction scheme for the tunneling system. The bench method excavation can be carried out using two muck loaders in a two-stage bench method, or multiple muck loaders in a multi-stage bench method.

[0026] Furthermore, during the construction process of step S3, while the second jacking device advances the pipe section, the first jacking device also advances the tail shield. When the first and second jacking devices reach their maximum stroke, and the second jacking device retracts to continue advancing a new pipe section, the first jacking device retracts. Based on the above technical solution, this technical solution provides a preferred construction scheme for the tunneling system, which uses two sets of jacking cylinders to achieve synchronous assembly, that is, the second jacking device advances the pipe section while the first jacking device advances forward, achieving double the tunneling advance.

[0027] Furthermore, during the construction process of step S2, after the pipe section hoisting machine and the tail shield are separated, support columns are installed below the pipe section hoisting machine, and steel sheet piles are constructed in the area between the pipe section hoisting machine and the second jacking device.

[0028] Furthermore, during the construction process of step S4, after the second jacking device is removed, the conversion node is retained as a later inspection well.

[0029] Furthermore, during the construction process of step S2, the first jacking device is dismantled and used as the second jacking device. Based on the above technical solution, this technical solution provides a preferred construction scheme for the tunneling system, which reduces one set of hydraulic cylinders compared to using both the first and second jacking devices simultaneously, and also correspondingly reduces the equipment cost.

[0030] Furthermore, during the construction process of step S4, if the exposed shallow buried pipeline is not backfilled in time, the pipe section hoist will move across the shallow buried pipeline to the tail shield and connect with the tail shield by several sets of independently lifting rollers; if the exposed shallow buried pipeline is backfilled in time, the pipe section hoist will travel on the soil above the shallow buried pipeline to the tail shield and connect with the tail shield.

[0031] Furthermore, during the movement and assembly of the pipe sections, the pipe section hoisting machine adjusts its height via a height adjustment mechanism to adapt to height restrictions above the road. These height restrictions include elevated bridges, overhead cables, and branches of ancient trees that cannot be removed.

[0032] Compared with existing technologies, this invention integrates soil excavation and transportation using a muck loader, and utilizes a self-propelled pipe section hoist with lifting capabilities to achieve height-limited pipe section assembly and crossing of unrelocated pipelines, solving the problem that existing U-shaped shield tunneling machines cannot cross shallow-buried pipelines. The technical solution of this invention has the following technical effects:

[0033] 1. This invention can realize the conversion between shield tunneling and jacking construction modes, and can pass through complex and intersecting shallow buried pipeline sections that existing U-shaped shield tunneling machines cannot pass through.

[0034] 2. The self-propelled pipe section hoisting machine of the present invention has a lifting function, which can realize the construction of road sections with height restrictions caused by the presence of elevated bridges, overhead cables, and ancient tree branches that cannot be removed.

[0035] 3. The tunneling system of the present invention has a high degree of integration and the equipment cost is basically the same as that of the original U-shaped shield tunneling machine, but the construction efficiency and the ability to cope with complex road conditions are significantly improved. Attached Figure Description

[0036] To more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0037] Figure 1 This is a longitudinal section view of the shield tunneling mode of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 2This is a longitudinal section view of the tunnel segment hoisting machine in the shield tunneling mode of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 3 This is a longitudinal section view of the top-pushing mode of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of the transition point during the push-up mode of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of the self-propelled pipe section hoisting machine;

[0042] Figure 6 This is a longitudinal section view of the self-propelled pipe section hoisting machine;

[0043] Figure 7 This is a plan view of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 8 This is a cross-sectional view of the tunnel segment hoisting machine in the shield tunneling mode of this invention.

[0045] Explanation of icon numbers:

[0046] 1. Front shield; 2. Folding mechanism; 3. Tail shield; 4. First jacking device; 5. Second jacking device; 6. Pipe section hoist; 7. Scissor lift mechanism; 8. Independently lifting rollers; 9. Column; 10. Support column; 11. Pipe section; 12. Shallow buried pipeline; 13. Slope; 14. Slope backfill; 15. Top support structure; 16. Mine loader; 17. Mine transport vehicle. Detailed Implementation

[0047] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0048] A tunneling system, such as Figure 1 , Figure 3 and Figure 7 As shown, it includes a first jacking device 4 located between the front shield 1 and the tail shield 3, and is also equipped with a second jacking device 5 for temporarily jacking the pipe section 11 behind the first jacking device 4. A pipe section hoisting machine 6 is detachably connected above the tail shield 3. The pipe section hoisting machine 6 is equipped with a height adjustment mechanism and a traveling mechanism.

[0049] In this technical solution, the pipe section hoisting machine 6 is integrated on the tail shield 3, and can also be detached from the tail shield 3. This allows for integrated equipment assembly, mobility, and flexibility. The pipe section hoisting machine 6 has lifting and moving functions, making it suitable for construction areas with height restrictions. In addition, by adding a set of jacking cylinders, the equipment can perform both shield tunneling and pipe jacking functions, enabling dual construction modes. This solution is suitable for sections crossing shallow underground pipelines and can achieve the goal of rapidly constructing compact underground utility tunnel structures in central urban areas.

[0050] When constructing in sections without shallow buried pipelines 12, the open-cut shield tunneling mode is adopted. Under the action of the first jacking device 4, the pipe section hoisting machine 6 moves forward synchronously with the tail shield 3 while hoisting and assembling the pipe section 11. When constructing in sections with shallow buried pipelines 12, the mode is switched to open-cut jacking. The pipe section hoisting machine 6 is removed from the tail shield 3, and the pipe section hoisting machine 6 hoists and assembles the pipe section 11 at a position behind the shallow buried pipeline 12. Under the action of the second jacking device 5 alone or under the combined action of the first jacking device 4 and the second jacking device 5, the main equipment such as the front shield 1 and the tail shield 3 advance forward.

[0051] Preferably, both the first jacking device 4 and the second jacking device 5 are composed of multiple hydraulic cylinders, which not only have a large load-bearing capacity and simple structure, but are also interchangeable.

[0052] Based on the above embodiments, as a preferred embodiment, such as... Figures 4-6 As shown, the height adjustment mechanism includes a scissor lift mechanism 7 for adjusting the height of the crane and the traveling mechanism. Based on the above technical solution, this technical solution provides a preferred design scheme for the tunneling system. The height adjustment of the height adjustment mechanism is achieved through the scissor lift mechanism 7. Through the action of the scissor lift mechanism 7, the overall height of the pipe section hoisting machine 6 can be adjusted, and the height of the crane and the traveling mechanism can also be adjusted.

[0053] That is, during the movement and hoisting and assembly of the pipe section 11, the pipe section hoisting machine 6 adjusts its own height through the scissor lift mechanism 7 to adapt to the height restriction conditions above the road; when the pipe section hoisting machine 6 is removed from the tail shield 3, the pipe section hoisting machine 6 adjusts the height of the traveling mechanism through the scissor lift mechanism 7 so that it can travel on the soil cover.

[0054] Based on the above embodiments, as a preferred embodiment, the traveling mechanism includes two roller units located on both sides of the pipe section hoisting machine 6, and each roller unit includes at least three sets of independently lifting rollers 8.

[0055] Based on the above technical solutions, this technical solution provides a preferred design scheme for the tunneling system. When the pipe section hoisting machine 6 is removed from the tail shield 3, and the exposed shallow buried pipeline 12 is not backfilled in time, it is not necessary to backfill the shallow buried pipeline 12 before moving the pipe section hoisting machine 6. At this time, the independently lifting rollers 8 can be used alternately, that is, one set of independently lifting rollers 8 is raised so that the other sets of independently lifting rollers 8 can be used as support, and the pipe section hoisting machine 6 can be moved over the shallow buried pipe section 11 in sequence until it is moved to the tail shield 3.

[0056] Based on the above embodiments, as a preferred embodiment, a folding mechanism 2 is provided on the top of the front shield 1, and the folding mechanism 2 preferably adopts the structure of a folding baffle. Based on the above technical solution, this technical solution provides a preferred design scheme for the tunneling system. The folding mechanism 2 is located on both sides of the top of the front shield 1 and is connected to the top plate. The unfolded height of the folding mechanism 2 is flush with the ground surface. When the open-cut shield tunneling mode is used in sections without shallow buried pipelines 12, the folding mechanism 2 plays the role of supporting the soil above the pit. When the section with shallow buried pipelines 12 is converted to the open-cut jacking mode, the folding mechanism 2 retracts and folds into the pit, fitting against the top plate, so as to facilitate crossing the shallow buried pipeline section.

[0057] Based on the above embodiments, as a preferred embodiment, a top support structure 15 is provided between the first jacking device 4 and the pipe section 11 and / or between the second jacking device 5 and the pipe section 11. The top support structure 15 preferably adopts the structure of a top iron.

[0058] As a preferred embodiment of the tunneling system, the present invention mainly includes a shield body, a folding mechanism, a jacking cylinder, a pipe section hoisting machine, a jacking structure, etc., and also includes a matching muck truck, a muck loader, and a pipe section transport vehicle.

[0059] The construction modes of this invention are divided into open-cut U-shaped shield tunneling mode and open-cut jacking / pipe jacking mode. The open-cut shield tunneling mode is used in normal construction sections, and when pipelines are buried in the shallow surface, it is converted to the open-cut jacking mode.

[0060] The shield body of the U-shaped shield pusher is divided into a front shield, a middle shield and a tail shield. The front shield is equipped with a plate insertion device on both sides. The plate insertion device extends forward through a small propulsion cylinder installed in the side plate to clear the edge of the plate and support the over-excavated pit in front.

[0061] The folding mechanism is located on both sides of the top of the U-shaped shield machine and is connected to the top plate of the shield machine. The height of the folding mechanism is level with the ground surface. During the U-shaped shield tunneling construction phase, the folding mechanism plays a role in supporting the soil above the pit. When the equipment is converted to the pipe jacking construction phase, the folding mechanism retracts and folds into the pit, fitting snugly against the top plate of the shield machine, so as to facilitate crossing shallow buried pipeline sections.

[0062] The jacking cylinders are divided into two groups. The first group is built into the shield of the U-shaped shield machine. During the U-shaped shield tunneling phase, the jacking cylinders advance forward using the pipe sections as support points. When the equipment is switched to jacking mode, the second jacking device is set in front of the already constructed pipe sections. The pipe section hoist assembles the pipe sections between the two groups of jacking cylinders. In this mode, the U-shaped shield machine has two groups of jacking cylinders. This setup allows the shield machine to advance and assemble the pipe sections simultaneously, ensuring fast and efficient construction. Specifically, the second jacking device advances the pipe section, and at the same time, the shield machine also advances forward through the first jacking device. Then, the second jacking device retracts, and the pipe section hoist lifts a new pipe section. The second jacking device continues to advance the new pipe section. At this time, the first jacking device of the shield machine automatically and passively retracts. Then, the pipe section hoist continues to lift a new pipe section, and so on, until the shield machine crosses the shallow buried pipeline section.

[0063] During the jacking construction phase, a support structure is installed behind the first jacking device to ensure a more even distribution of the jacking force to the rear tunnel segments. Furthermore, due to the retraction of the folding mechanism during this phase, the soil on both sides above the shield machine needs to be sloped to ensure slope stability. Simultaneously, the tunnel segment hoisting machine separates from the tail shield and works in conjunction with the second jacking device to assemble and advance the tunnel segments. Since the separated tunnel segment hoisting machine loses its bottom support, support columns need to be installed below the hoisting machine's uprights.

[0064] The pipe-section hoist has a "gate"-shaped structure. The hoist's columns and tail shield are detachable and connectable. A lifting scissor lift mechanism is installed between the two columns, and hydraulic cylinders enable the scissor lift to move up and down, thus raising and lowering the pipe-section hoist. This allows the hoist to be used in various construction height-restricted sections. Multiple sets of rollers are installed on the bottom of both sides of the hoist to allow the separated pipe sections to move independently when encountering shallowly buried pipelines during excavation. The main beam at the top of the hoist has an outward-extending cantilever beam to facilitate the use of an electric hoist to lift pipe sections transported by a transport vehicle.

[0065] A method for constructing a tunneling system, using any of the tunneling systems described above, includes the following steps:

[0066] S1, when there are no pipelines in the shallow surface layer, the tunneling system uses shield tunneling mode to advance forward, such as Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 8 As shown, the excavated pit is supported by the top folding mechanism 2 and the side plate. At the tail shield 3, the pipe section 11 is hoisted and assembled by the pipe section hoisting machine 6. After the pipe section 11 is assembled, the first jacking device 4 drives the pipe section hoisting machine 6 connected to the tail shield 3 to advance forward together.

[0067] S2, when the tunneling reaches the section with shallowly buried pipeline 12, the tunneling system switches to jacking mode, such as... Figure 3 As shown, the folding mechanism 2 is retracted, the pipe section hoisting machine 6 and the tail shield 3 are separated, and the second jacking device 5 is installed behind the assembled pipe section 11.

[0068] S3, the pipe section hoisting machine 6 continues to assemble the pipe section 11 between the first jacking device 4 and the second jacking device 5. The second jacking device 5 advances the pipe section 11 forward. When the second jacking device 5 reaches its maximum stroke, it retracts. The pipe section hoisting machine 6 then hoists and assembles a new pipe section 11. The second jacking device 5 continues to advance the new pipe section 11 forward. This cycle continues until the tail shield 3 crosses the section with the shallow buried pipeline 12.

[0069] S4. After the tail shield 3 passes through the section with shallow buried pipeline 12, the tunneling system switches back to shield mode to tunnel forward. The folding mechanism 2 is deployed to support the top foundation pit soil. Then, the pipe section hoist 6 moves to the tail shield 3 through the walking mechanism and connects with the tail shield 3. Then, the second jacking device 5 is removed for reuse and construction.

[0070] S5, the tunneling system switches between the shield tunneling mode and the jacking mode according to the surface pipeline laying conditions until the tunneling construction is completed.

[0071] Based on the above implementation method, as a preferred implementation method, considering the construction height restriction section, in the construction process of step S1, the front of the tunneling system is excavated using the bench method; in the construction process of step S3, the front of the tunneling system is excavated using the bench method, and slopes are excavated on both sides 13. Based on the above technical solution, this technical solution provides a preferred construction scheme for the tunneling system. The bench method excavation can be carried out using two muck loaders 16, using a two-stage bench method, and the muck is removed by muck trucks 17. Of course, multiple muck loaders 16 can also be used to carry out multi-stage bench method excavation.

[0072] Based on the above implementation method, as a preferred implementation method, during the construction process of step S3, while the second jacking device 5 advances the pipe section 11, the first jacking device 4 also advances the tail shield 3. When the first jacking device 4 and the second jacking device 5 reach their maximum stroke, and the second jacking device 5 retracts and continues to advance a new pipe section 11, the first jacking device 4 retracts. Based on the above technical solution, this technical solution provides a preferred construction scheme for the tunneling system, which uses two sets of jacking cylinders to achieve synchronous assembly, that is, while the second jacking device 5 advances the pipe section, the first jacking device 4 advances forward, achieving double the tunneling footage.

[0073] Based on the above implementation method, as a preferred implementation method, during the construction process of step S2, after the pipe section hoisting machine 6 and the tail shield 3 are separated, a support column 10 is installed below the pipe section hoisting machine 6, and steel sheet piles are constructed in the area between the pipe section hoisting machine 6 and the second jacking device 5.

[0074] Based on the above implementation method, as a preferred implementation method, during the construction process of step S4, after the second jacking device 5 is removed, the conversion node is retained as a later inspection well.

[0075] Based on the above implementation method, as a preferred implementation method, during the construction process of step S2, the first jacking device 4 is dismantled and replaced by the second jacking device 5. Based on the above technical solution, this technical solution provides a preferred construction scheme for the tunneling system, which reduces one set of hydraulic cylinders compared to simultaneously using the first jacking device 4 and the second jacking device 5, and also correspondingly reduces equipment costs.

[0076] Based on the above implementation method, as a preferred implementation method, during the construction process of step S4, if the exposed shallow buried pipeline 12 is not backfilled with soil in time, the pipe section hoisting machine 6 moves across the shallow buried pipeline 12 to the tail shield 3 and connects with the tail shield 3 by passing through several sets of independently lifting rollers 8; if the exposed shallow buried pipeline 12 is backfilled with sloping backfill soil 14 in time, the pipe section hoisting machine 6 travels on the backfill soil above the shallow buried pipeline 12 to the tail shield 3 and connects with the tail shield 3.

[0077] Based on the above-described embodiments, as a preferred embodiment, the pipe section hoisting machine 6 adjusts its height via a height adjustment mechanism during the movement and hoisting and assembly of the pipe section 11 to adapt to height restrictions above the road. These height restrictions include elevated bridges, overhead cables, and branches of ancient trees that cannot be removed.

[0078] A preferred construction method for the tunneling system includes the following steps:

[0079] S1, as Figure 1 As shown, when there are no pipelines in the shallow ground, the U-shaped shield tunneling machine advances forward in shield tunneling mode. Considering the construction height restriction section, two muck loaders 16 are used to excavate in front of the shield tunneling machine using a two-stage bench method. The front shield 1 itself is supported by the top folding mechanism 2 and the side plates for excavation. At the tail shield 3, the pipe section hoisting machine 6 with lifting function is used to hoist and assemble the pipe sections. After the pipe sections are assembled, the U-shaped shield tunneling machine drives the pipe section hoisting machine 6 connected to the tail shield 3 to advance forward together through the first jacking device 4. The assembled pipe sections are backfilled with soil in time.

[0080] S2, as Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown, when the U-shaped shield tunneling machine reaches the section where the shallow buried pipeline 12 is located, it needs to switch to jacking mode. The muck loader 16 continues to excavate the soil and slopes the excavation on both sides without damaging the existing shallow buried pipeline 12. Then, the folding mechanism 2 is retracted, the pipe section hoisting machine 6 and the tail shield 3 are separated, and the support column 10 is installed below its column 9. After the pipe section hoisting machine 6 is in place, the second jacking device 5 and the jacking structure 15 are installed in front of the pipe section 11. At the same time, steel sheet piles at a certain distance are constructed to maintain the stability of the foundation pit on both sides within the interval between the pipe section hoisting machine 6 and the second jacking device 5.

[0081] S3, as Figure 3 As shown, the pipe section hoisting machine 6 assembles pipe sections between the first jacking device 4 and the second jacking device 5. Specifically, while the second jacking device 5 pushes the pipe section 11 forward and the shield machine forward, the first jacking device 4 also uses the jacking structure 15 to excavate forward. After the two sets of hydraulic cylinders reach their maximum stroke, the second jacking device 5 retracts. Then, the pipe section hoisting machine 6 hoists a new pipe section 11, and the second jacking device 5 continues to push the new pipe section 11 forward. At this time, the first jacking device 4 of the front shield 1 automatically / passively retracts. Then, the pipe section hoisting machine continues to hoist a new pipe section, and so on until the shield machine crosses the shallow buried pipeline section.

[0082] S4, such as Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, after the front shield 1 passes under the shallow buried pipeline section, it reverts to shield mode. The front shield 1 promptly deploys the folding mechanism 2 to support the top foundation pit soil. At this time, there is no need for slope excavation. The exposed shallow buried pipeline 12 is backfilled with soil. The pipe section hoisting machine support column 10 is removed and the scissor lifting mechanism 7 is retracted to raise the pipe section hoisting machine 6 so that the rollers 8 can independently contact the ground. Then, the pipe section hoisting machine 6 moves to the tail shield 3 by self-propelled movement and connects with the tail shield 3. Next, the second jacking device 5 is removed for reuse and construction or to retain the conversion node, such as the cast-in-place conversion node pipe gallery structure as a later inspection well, etc.

[0083] S5, depending on the surface pipeline laying conditions, the shield pusher switches between the two construction modes mentioned above until the underground utility tunnel construction is completed.

[0084] During the movement and assembly of the aforementioned pipe section hoisting machine 6, the lifting mechanism 7 can be adjusted to achieve its own lifting function, so as to cope with height restrictions caused by the presence of elevated bridges, overhead cables, and ancient tree branches that cannot be removed above the road.

[0085] All aspects not detailed in this invention are conventional technical means known to those skilled in the art.

[0086] The above content shows and describes the basic principles, main features, and beneficial effects of the present invention. The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, or improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A construction method for a tunneling system, characterized in that: The tunneling system includes a first jacking device (4) located between the front shield (1) and the tail shield (3), and is also equipped with a second jacking device (5) for temporarily jacking the pipe section (11) behind the first jacking device (4). A pipe section hoisting machine (6) is detachably connected above the tail shield (3). The pipe section hoisting machine (6) is equipped with a height adjustment mechanism and a traveling mechanism. The construction method includes the following steps: S1, when there are no pipelines in the shallow ground, the tunneling system adopts shield tunneling mode to tunnel forward. The excavated pit is supported by the top folding mechanism (2) and side plates. At the tail shield (3), the pipe section hoisting machine (6) is used to hoist and assemble the pipe section (11). After the pipe section (11) is assembled, the first jacking device (4) drives the pipe section hoisting machine (6) connected to the tail shield (3) to tunnel forward together. S2, when the tunneling reaches the section with shallow buried pipeline (12), the tunneling system is switched to the jacking mode, the folding mechanism (2) is retracted, the pipe section hoist (6) and the tail shield (3) are separated, and the second jacking device (5) is installed behind the assembled pipe section (11). S3, the pipe section hoist (6) continues to assemble the pipe section (11) between the first jacking device (4) and the second jacking device (5). The second jacking device (5) advances the pipe section (11) forward. When the second jacking device (5) reaches its maximum stroke, it retracts. The pipe section hoist (6) then hoists and assembles a new pipe section (11). The second jacking device (5) continues to advance the new pipe section (11) forward. This cycle continues until the tail shield (3) crosses the section with shallow buried pipelines (12). S4, after the tail shield (3) passes through the section with shallow buried pipeline (12), the tunneling system is converted back to shield mode to tunnel forward, unfolds the folding mechanism (2) to support the top foundation pit soil, and then the pipe section hoist (6) moves to the tail shield (3) through the walking mechanism and connects with the tail shield (3). Then the second jacking device (5) is removed for reuse and construction. S5, the tunneling system switches between the shield tunneling mode and the jacking mode according to the surface pipeline laying conditions until the tunneling construction is completed.

2. The construction method for the tunneling system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The height adjustment mechanism is used to adjust the height of the crane and the height of the traveling mechanism.

3. The construction method for the tunneling system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The traveling mechanism includes two roller units located on both sides of the pipe section hoist (6), and each roller unit includes at least three sets of independently lifting rollers (8).

4. The construction method for the tunneling system according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that: The folding mechanism (2) is located on top of the front shield (1).

5. The construction method for the tunneling system according to claim 4, characterized in that: A jacking structure (15) is provided between the first jacking device (4) and the pipe section (11) and / or between the second jacking device (5) and the pipe section (11).

6. The construction method for the tunneling system according to any one of claims 1-3 and 5, characterized in that: Considering the height restriction section, during the construction process of step S1, the front of the tunneling system is excavated using the step method; during the construction process of step S3, the front of the tunneling system is excavated using the step method and the sides are sloped.

7. The construction method for the tunneling system according to claim 6, characterized in that: During the construction process of step S3, while the second jacking device (5) advances the pipe section (11), the first jacking device (4) also advances the tail shield (3). When the first jacking device (4) and the second jacking device (5) reach their maximum stroke, and when the second jacking device (5) retracts and continues to advance the new pipe section (11), the first jacking device (4) retracts.

8. The construction method for the tunneling system according to claim 7, characterized in that: During the construction process of step S2, after the pipe section hoisting machine (6) and the tail shield (3) are separated, a support column (10) is installed below the pipe section hoisting machine (6), and steel sheet piles are constructed in the area between the pipe section hoisting machine (6) and the second jacking device (5).

9. The construction method for the tunneling system according to claim 8, characterized in that: During the construction process of step S4, after the second jacking device (5) is removed, the conversion node is retained as a later inspection well.

10. The construction method for the tunneling system according to any one of claims 1-3, 5, 7-9, characterized in that: During the construction process of step S2, the first jacking device (4) is dismantled and used as the second jacking device (5).

11. The construction method for the tunneling system according to claim 10, characterized in that: During the construction process of step S4, if the exposed shallow buried pipeline (12) is not backfilled with soil in time, the pipe section hoisting machine (6) will move across the shallow buried pipeline (12) to the tail shield (3) and connect with the tail shield (3) by passing through several sets of independently lifting rollers (8); if the exposed shallow buried pipeline (12) is backfilled with soil in time, the pipe section hoisting machine (6) will walk on the soil above the shallow buried pipeline (12) to the tail shield (3) and connect with the tail shield (3).

12. The construction method for the tunneling system according to any one of claims 1-3, 5, 7-9, and 11, characterized in that: During the movement and hoisting and assembly of the pipe section (11), the pipe section hoisting machine (6) adjusts its own height through the height adjustment mechanism to adapt to the height restriction conditions above the road.

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