A device and method for monitoring deformation inside a rock-soil or rock-fill body

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of rock-soil body or rockfill body internal deformation monitoring devices, multi-section measuring pipeline is horizontally arranged in rock-soil body or rockfill body, and is communicated by pipe joint between adjacent measuring pipeline;Measuring unit can continuously move in measuring pipeline, for obtaining the measuring data of different positions in multi-section measuring pipeline;Display unit is connected with measuring unit, for displaying measuring data.The application sets up continuous measuring pipeline in rock-soil body or rockfill body, the continuous movement of measuring unit in measuring pipeline, the movement of liquid pressure sensor in measuring pipeline is utilized by measuring unit, when measuring pipeline is deformed, the pressure change that liquid pressure sensor receives the liquid in liquid communication pipe acts on diaphragm in liquid pressure sensor, obtains measuring data, and obtains the deformation of each measuring point in measuring pipeline by previous measuring data;The application is simple to install and bury, and the equipment stability is high, reliable continuous measurement can be obtained, and the equipment is convenient to repair and replace.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention discloses a device and method for monitoring the internal deformation of rock and soil or riprap, belonging to the field of settlement monitoring technology. Background Technology

[0002] With the development of engineering technology, the number of complex and large-scale structures is increasing. This increase in engineering structures has altered the original state of the ground, causing deformation of the foundation and surrounding strata. In order to understand and grasp the operational status of these structures, ensure the construction and operation of the project, and provide reliable data for future surveying, design, and construction, it is urgent to monitor the settlement and deformation of these structures.

[0003] Currently, the monitoring of settlement and deformation within rock and soil masses and rockfill dams in water conservancy and hydropower projects mainly includes horizontal and vertical measuring methods. Horizontal measuring methods include precise leveling, hydrostatic leveling systems, traverse surveying, and trigonometric leveling; vertical measuring methods include soil settlement gauges and electromagnetic settlement tubes. The hydrostatic leveling system within the horizontal measuring method includes water-tube settlement meters and micro-pressure differential settlement monitoring systems, employing the principle of hydrostatic leveling. However, in practical applications, these methods have high requirements for design and installation, resulting in poor stability and reliability of measurement data, failing to achieve the expected results. Furthermore, due to limitations in pipeline length, the number of measuring points is limited, preventing continuous linear measurements. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this application is to provide a device and method for monitoring the internal deformation of soil or rockfill masses, to solve the problems of high design and installation requirements, poor stability and reliability of measurement data, limited number of measuring points, and inability to perform continuous linear measurements using the horizontal measuring point method. To achieve the above objective, this invention proposes a device and method for monitoring the internal deformation of soil or rockfill masses, the specific scheme of which is as follows:

[0005] A device for monitoring the internal deformation of rock and soil or riprap, comprising: multiple measuring pipes, a measuring unit, and a display unit;

[0006] Multiple measuring pipes are horizontally installed within the rock and soil mass or rockfill, and adjacent measuring pipes are connected by pipe joints.

[0007] The measuring unit can move continuously inside the measuring pipe to acquire measurement data at different locations within multiple sections of the measuring pipe.

[0008] The measurement unit includes a measurement pipeline, a hydraulic sensor probe, and a liquid storage tank;

[0009] One end of the measuring pipeline is connected to the hydraulic sensor probe, and the other end is connected to the liquid storage tank and the display unit;

[0010] The measurement pipeline includes a liquid connecting pipe and a signal cable;

[0011] One end of the liquid connecting pipe is connected to the hydraulic sensor probe, and the other end is connected to the liquid storage tank;

[0012] One end of the signal cable is connected to the hydraulic sensor probe, and the other end is connected to the display unit;

[0013] The hydraulic sensor probe moves with the measuring unit inside the measuring pipe. When the measuring pipe deforms, the hydraulic sensor probe obtains measurement data by detecting the pressure change of the liquid in the liquid connecting pipe acting on the diaphragm. The deformation of each measuring point in the measuring pipe is obtained by the measurement data from each measurement.

[0014] The reservoir is used to provide liquid that applies pressure to the hydraulic sensor probe, and the display unit is used to receive the pressure signal output by the hydraulic sensor probe.

[0015] The display unit is connected to the measurement unit and is used to display the measurement data.

[0016] Preferably, the measuring unit further includes a winch;

[0017] The winch is used to retrieve and deploy the measuring pipeline.

[0018] Preferably, a venting and draining valve is further included between the hydraulic sensor probe and the liquid connecting pipe.

[0019] Preferably, the measuring pipeline further includes a wrapping layer;

[0020] The wrapping layer covers the outside of the liquid connecting pipe and the signal cable;

[0021] The surface of the wrapping layer is provided with length markings.

[0022] Preferably, the measuring unit further includes a temperature and humidity sensor;

[0023] The temperature and humidity sensor is located on one side of the hydraulic sensor and connected to the signal cable to obtain the temperature and humidity at the location of the hydraulic sensor probe.

[0024] Preferably, the display unit includes a calibration platform and a display device;

[0025] The verification platform is used to obtain elevation measurement benchmarks;

[0026] The display is used to display the measurement data.

[0027] A monitoring method for a deformation monitoring device inside a rock, soil, or riprap mass includes the following steps:

[0028] Step 1: Push the measuring unit into the measuring pipe to obtain reference measurement data at multiple preset positions within the measuring pipe;

[0029] Step 2: At preset time intervals, move the measuring unit inside the measuring pipe to obtain current measurement data at multiple preset positions inside the measuring pipe;

[0030] Step 3: Determine the deformation amount at each preset position based on the reference measurement data and the current measurement data.

[0031] Preferably, step 3 is preceded by obtaining an elevation measurement benchmark.

[0032] Beneficial effects: This invention involves setting up a continuous measuring pipe within a rock or riprap body, and continuously moving the measuring unit within the pipe. Utilizing the movement of the liquid pressure sensor within the measuring unit, when the pipe deforms, the liquid pressure sensor receives the pressure change acting on the diaphragm of the liquid in the connecting pipe, thus obtaining measurement data. The deformation at each measuring point within the pipe is obtained through repeated measurements. This invention is simple to install and bury, has high equipment stability, provides reliable continuous measurement, and is easy to repair and replace. Attached Figure Description

[0033] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a soil and rock internal deformation monitoring device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the measurement pipeline within the soil and rock mass according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Schematic diagram of aa in Chinese;

[0036] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the measuring pipe inside the rockfill in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 5 for Figure 4 Diagram of BB in the middle;

[0038] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a measurement probe within the soil and rock in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 7 for Figure 6 Schematic diagram of CC in China;

[0040] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the axial cross-section of the measuring pipeline in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-section of the measuring pipeline in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 10 Schematic diagram of the device on the working platform in this embodiment of the invention;

[0043] Figure 11 This is the working platform in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0044] In the diagram: 1. Rock and soil mass or riprap mass; 2. Working platform support; 3. Measuring pipe; 3-1. Measuring pipe wall; 3-2. Bidirectional guide channel; 3-3. Pipe joint; 3-4. Concrete; 4. Measuring probe; 4-1. Guide channel pulley; 4-2. Liquid pressure sensor; 4-3. Temperature sensor; 5. Measuring pipeline; 5-1. Liquid connecting pipe; 5-2. Signal cable; 5-3. Wrapping layer; 5-4. Length scale; 5-5. Filler; 5-6. Wear-resistant layer; 5-7. Liquid storage tank; 5-8. External hydraulic sensor; 6. Winch; 6-1. Winch support; 6-2. Rotary disc; 6-3. Rotating operating handle; 6-4. Measuring pipeline fixing clip; 7. Working platform; 7-2. Verification platform; 8. Display instrument; 9. Sand and gravel; 9-1. Fine sand; 9-2. Subbase material; 9-3. Transition material; 9-4. Riprap mass. Detailed Implementation

[0045] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and do not limit the scope of protection of the invention.

[0046] like Figure 1 As shown, a deformation monitoring device for the interior of a rock and soil mass or riprap mass 1 includes: multiple measuring pipes 3, a measuring unit, and a display unit; the multiple measuring pipes 3 are horizontally arranged inside the rock and soil mass or riprap mass 1, and adjacent measuring pipes 3 are connected by pipe joints 3-3; the measuring unit can move continuously inside the measuring pipes 3 to acquire measuring data at different positions inside the multiple measuring pipes 3; the display unit is connected to the measuring unit to display the measuring data.

[0047] Specifically, for rock and soil masses, a measurement channel is formed by drilling within the rock and soil mass, and the measurement pipe 3 is installed within the measurement channel. For rockfill masses, such as... Figure 4 and Figure 5As shown, during the construction of the rockfill body 9-4, the measuring pipe 3 is pre-embedded in the rockfill body 9-4. Sand and gravel material 9 is laid around the measuring pipe 3, with the particle size of the sand and gravel material 3 decreasing as it gets closer to the measuring pipe 3. Specifically: a 40cm layer of transition material 9-3 is laid horizontally at the designed elevation of the rockfill body. The maximum particle size of the transition material 9-3 is less than 200mm, the content of particles smaller than 5mm is 15%~25%, and the content of particles smaller than 0.1mm is less than 5%. The transition material 9-3 has a continuous gradation. Then, a 20cm layer of bedding material 9-2 is laid. The maximum particle size of the bedding material 9-2 is no greater than 40mm, the content of particles smaller than 5mm is 35%~55%, and the content of particles smaller than 0.1mm is less than 8%. The bedding material 9-2 has a continuous gradation. Finally, a 10cm thick layer of fine sand 9-1 is laid around the measuring pipe 3. The fine sand 9-1 has a particle size less than 5mm.

[0048] Specifically, in this embodiment, such as Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, a measurement channel is set up in the soil and rock mass. First, a horizontal borehole with a diameter of 110mm is drilled at a predetermined elevation in the soil and rock mass. A measurement pipe 3, made of ABS material, is installed inside the borehole. The measurement pipe 3 has a bidirectional guide groove 3-2. The outer diameter of the pipe wall 3-1 is 85mm and the inner diameter is 73mm. Each section of the measurement pipe 3 is 3m long, and the sections are connected using pipe fittings 3-3 with a diameter of 89mm. The multi-section measurement pipe 3 is easy to install and flexible. Alternatively, the measurement pipe 3 can be made of PVC or other materials. Grouting is performed between the borehole and the measurement pipe 3 in the soil and rock mass using cement grout. The cement grout solidifies into concrete 3-4, which is used to fix the measurement pipe 3.

[0049] In the deformation monitoring device of the present invention, the measuring unit includes a measuring pipeline 5, a hydraulic sensor probe, and a liquid storage tank 5-7; one end of the measuring pipeline 5 is connected to the hydraulic sensor probe, and the other end is connected to the liquid storage tank 5-7 and the display unit; the liquid storage tank 5-7 is used to provide liquid that exerts pressure on the hydraulic sensor probe, and the display unit is used to receive the pressure signal output by the hydraulic sensor probe.

[0050] The measurement unit also includes a temperature and humidity sensor; the temperature and humidity sensor is located on one side of the hydraulic sensor and connected to the signal cable 5-2 to obtain the temperature and humidity at the location of the hydraulic sensor probe.

[0051] Specifically, in this embodiment, a hydraulic sensor and a temperature sensor 4-3 are included, such as... Figure 6 and Figure 7As shown, the liquid pressure sensor 4-2 and temperature sensor 4-3 are encapsulated as a measuring probe 4. The measuring probe 4 has a water pressure resistance of not less than 0.5 MPa and a length of not less than 50 cm. The measuring probe 4 has a guide pulley 4-1 that matches the bidirectional guide groove 3-2 of the measuring pipeline 5. The guide pulley 4-1 is used to move along the measuring pipeline 3 during measurement. The measuring probe 4 is connected to the measuring pipeline 5. Specifically, both the liquid pressure sensor 4-2 and the temperature sensor 4-3 are connected to one end of the signal cable 5-2 in the measuring pipeline 5. The liquid pressure and temperature at different measuring points are transmitted to the display unit through the signal cable 5-2. The liquid pressure sensor 4-2 is also connected to one end of the liquid connecting pipe 5-1 in the measuring pipeline 5, and a venting and draining valve is arranged at the connection. The other end of the liquid connecting pipe 5-1 is connected to the liquid storage tank 5-7. In this embodiment, an external hydraulic sensor 5-8 is provided on the liquid storage tank 5-7 for use as reference data.

[0052] In this embodiment, the hydraulic sensor is a small-range, high-precision liquid pressure sensor 4-2. The range of the liquid pressure sensor 4-2 is less than 4m water head, and the measurement resolution is not less than 0.025% FS. The temperature sensor 4-3 is a high-precision semiconductor thermistor type temperature sensor 4-3, used to measure the temperature at each measurement point and to correct the pressure value measured by the liquid pressure sensor 4-2. The range of the temperature sensor 4-3 is -30 to +70℃, and the measurement accuracy is ±0.1℃.

[0053] The measuring unit includes a measuring conduit 5 comprising a liquid connecting pipe 5-1 and a signal cable 5-2. One end of the liquid connecting pipe 5-1 is connected to a hydraulic sensor probe, and the other end is connected to a liquid storage tank 5-7. One end of the signal cable 5-2 is connected to the hydraulic sensor probe, and the other end is connected to a display unit. A venting and draining valve is also included between the hydraulic sensor probe and the liquid connecting pipe 5-1. The measuring conduit 5 also includes a wrapping layer 5-3, which covers the liquid connecting pipe 5-1 and the signal cable 5-2. The surface of the wrapping layer 5-3 is provided with length graduations 5-4. The measuring unit also includes a winch 6, which is used to wind up and unwind the measuring conduit 5.

[0054] Specifically, such as Figure 8 and Figure 9As shown, in this embodiment, the measuring pipeline 5 includes a liquid connecting pipe 5-1 and a signal cable 5-2. The liquid connecting pipe 5-1 is a nylon 1010 tube with an outer diameter of 10mm and a wall thickness of 2mm, used to connect the liquid pressure sensor 4-2 in the measuring probe 4 and the liquid storage tank 5-7. The signal cable 5-2 is a shielded cable matched with the sensor. The liquid connecting pipe 5-1 and the signal cable are wrapped with a high-strength and high-flexibility spun metal and high-density polyethylene to form a wrapping layer 5-3. The wrapping layer 5-3 is then wrapped with a wear-resistant metal and rubber material with length markings 5-4 to form a wear-resistant layer 5-6. Length markings 5-4 are set on the outside of the wrapping layer 5-3, with markings spaced 50cm apart. The length markings 5-4 are used to measure the length of the measuring probe 4 inserted into the measuring pipe 3, thereby locating the position of the measuring point. The liquid in the liquid connecting pipe 5-1 and the liquid storage tank 5-7 can be distilled water or an artificially prepared liquid with antifreeze function, depending on the situation. Figure 10 As shown, the winch 6 is mainly used for winding and unwinding the measuring pipeline 5, facilitating on-site measurement operations. The winch 6 includes a winch bracket 6-1, a rotating disc 6-2, a rotating operating handle 6-3, and a measuring pipeline fixing clip 6-4.

[0055] The display unit includes a verification platform 7-2 and a display instrument 8; the verification platform 7-2 is used to obtain the elevation measurement benchmark; the display instrument 8 is used to display the measurement data.

[0056] Specifically, in this embodiment, the display unit includes a calibration platform 7-2 and a display instrument 8. The calibration platform 7-2 provides an elevation measurement benchmark for each measuring point. It utilizes an external deformation control network to periodically perform measurements and benchmark value verification and adjustment to ensure the accuracy and reliability of the benchmark. The display instrument 8 mainly collects data from the sensors in the measuring probe 4. The display instrument 8 uses an integrated system to collect measurement data from the liquid pressure sensor 4-2, temperature sensor 4-3 inside the measuring probe 4, and external hydraulic sensor 5-8, and has automatic numbering and storage functions for easy one-button operation.

[0057] This embodiment also includes a working platform 7, such as Figure 11 As shown, the display unit is mounted on the working platform 7, which is supported by a working platform bracket 2 to fix it to the outside of the soil and rock mass. The working platform 7 mainly provides measurement space for surveying and a platform for placing the winch 6.

[0058] A monitoring method for an internal deformation monitoring device of a rock-soil mass or riprap mass 1, characterized by comprising the following steps:

[0059] Step 1: Push the measuring unit into the measuring pipe 3 to obtain reference measurement data at multiple preset positions within the measuring pipe 3;

[0060] Step 2: At preset intervals, move the measuring unit inside the measuring pipe 3 to obtain the current measurement data of multiple preset positions inside the measuring pipe 3; obtain the elevation measurement benchmark.

[0061] Step 3: Determine the deformation amount at each preset position based on the benchmark measurement data and the current measurement data.

[0062] Specifically, the device is placed on the external working platform 7, and the working platform bracket 2 is snapped into the corresponding centering and fixing slot. The liquid storage tank 5-7, winch 6, display unit, etc. are placed in specific positions on the working platform 7 and snapped into place.

[0063] Before measurement, open the vent valve to release air until all gas is expelled from the liquid connecting pipe 5-1 and liquid flows out. Then, close the vent valve. Manually read the liquid level height on the storage tank 5-7 using a ruler. Simultaneously, use the display instrument 8 to read the value from the external hydraulic sensor 5-8 connected to the storage tank 5-7. Compare the two readings; theoretically, they should be equal and consistent. When the difference is less than 0.1%FS, the requirements are met, and the measurement conditions are met.

[0064] After adjustment, perform the first outgoing measurement by opening the cap of measuring pipe 3. Align the measuring probe 4 with the guide groove inside measuring pipe 3, and then push the measuring probe 4 to the measuring position through measuring pipe 3. The measuring position is controlled by the measuring marks on measuring pipe 3, which are spaced 50cm apart. Then, use the display instrument 8 to read and encode the values ​​of the liquid pressure sensor 4-2, temperature sensor 4-3, and external hydraulic sensor 5-8 at the position of measuring probe 4. Measure the values ​​at each position sequentially until the last measuring point is reached to obtain the baseline measurement data.

[0065] After the last measuring point in the outward measurement is read, the return measurement begins after a certain time interval. The measuring probe 4 is gradually pulled back to the measuring point position through the measuring pipe 3. Then, the liquid pressure sensor 4-2, temperature sensor 4-3, and external hydraulic sensor 5-8 at the measuring probe 4 position are read and coded for storage using the display instrument 8. The values ​​at each position are measured sequentially until the last measuring point is reached to obtain the current measurement data.

[0066] Repeat the above steps at regular time intervals to obtain multiple measurement data. Download the measurement data via the standard interface of the display instrument 8. Process the measurement data to determine the deformation at each preset position based on the baseline measurement data and the current measurement data.

[0067] Specifically, the data obtained from each measuring point are recorded as h. ji，Where i represents the number of measurements and j represents the number of measurement points; the first measurement is marked as 0, and the number of measurement points is n. The baseline measurement data of each measurement point obtained from the first outgoing measurement is denoted as: h 10 h 20 h 30 ... h j0 ... h n0 Accordingly, the elevation measurement benchmark of the verification platform 7-2 corresponding to the initial measurement time is H0;

[0068] Correspondingly, the measurement data obtained from each measurement are denoted as: h 1i h 2i h 3i ... h ji ... h ni The elevation measurement benchmark for the corresponding verification platform 7-2 is H. i .

[0069] Based on the above data, the deformation Δh at each measurement point in the i-th measurement can be obtained. n Specifically:

[0070] The settlement at measurement point 1 is: Δh1 = (h 1i -h 10 )+(H0-H i );

[0071] The settlement at measurement point 2 is: Δh2 = (h 2i -h 20 )+(H0-H i );

[0072] ...and so on,

[0073] The settlement at measuring point J is: Δh j =(h ji -h j0 )+(H0-H i );

[0074] The settlement at measurement point n is: Δh n =(h ni -h n0 )+(H0-H i );

[0075] The measured values ​​h at each measuring point in the above steps ji The measured value H of the verification device i All units of measurement must be converted to mm; Δh n The unit of deformation is mm. A positive value indicates settlement, and a negative value indicates uplift.

[0076] This invention involves setting up a continuous measuring pipe within a rock or riprap body. A measuring unit is continuously moved within this pipe. Utilizing the movement of a liquid pressure sensor within the measuring unit, when the measuring pipe deforms, the liquid pressure sensor receives the pressure change acting on its diaphragm by the liquid in the connecting pipe, thus obtaining measurement data. The deformation at each measuring point within the pipe is obtained through these repeated measurements. This invention is simple to install and bury, has high equipment stability, provides reliable continuous measurement, and is easy to repair and replace.

[0077] The above embodiments illustrate only one implementation of the present invention, and while the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these all fall within the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of this patent should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A device for monitoring the internal deformation of rock, soil, or riprap, characterized in that, include: Multi-section measuring pipe, measuring unit, and display unit; Multiple measuring pipes are horizontally installed within the rock and soil mass or rockfill, and adjacent measuring pipes are connected by pipe joints. The measuring unit can move continuously inside the measuring pipe to acquire measurement data at different locations within multiple sections of the measuring pipe. The measurement unit includes a measurement pipeline, a hydraulic sensor probe, and a liquid storage tank; One end of the measuring pipeline is connected to the hydraulic sensor probe, and the other end is connected to the liquid storage tank and the display unit; The measurement pipeline includes a liquid connecting pipe and a signal cable; One end of the liquid connecting pipe is connected to the hydraulic sensor probe, and the other end is connected to the liquid storage tank; One end of the signal cable is connected to the hydraulic sensor probe, and the other end is connected to the display unit; The hydraulic sensor probe moves with the measuring unit inside the measuring pipe. When the measuring pipe deforms, the hydraulic sensor probe obtains measurement data by detecting the pressure change of the liquid in the liquid connecting pipe acting on the diaphragm. The deformation of each measuring point in the measuring pipe is obtained by the measurement data from each measurement. The reservoir is used to provide liquid that applies pressure to the hydraulic sensor probe, and the display unit is used to receive the pressure signal output by the hydraulic sensor probe. The display unit is connected to the measurement unit and is used to display the measurement data.

2. The deformation monitoring device for soil or rockfill mass according to claim 1, characterized in that, The measuring unit also includes a winch; The winch is used to retrieve and deploy the measuring pipeline.

3. The deformation monitoring device for soil or rockfill mass according to claim 1, characterized in that, The hydraulic sensor probe and the liquid connecting pipe also include a venting and draining valve.

4. The deformation monitoring device for soil or rockfill mass according to claim 1, characterized in that, The measuring pipeline also includes a wrapping layer; The wrapping layer covers the outside of the liquid connecting pipe and the signal cable; The surface of the wrapping layer is provided with length markings.

5. The deformation monitoring device for soil or rockfill mass according to claim 1, characterized in that, The measurement unit also includes a temperature and humidity sensor; The temperature and humidity sensor is located on one side of the hydraulic sensor and connected to the signal cable to obtain the temperature and humidity at the location of the hydraulic sensor probe.

6. The deformation monitoring device for soil or rockfill mass according to claim 1, characterized in that, The display unit includes a verification platform and a display device; The verification platform is used to obtain elevation measurement benchmarks; The display is used to display the measurement data.

7. A monitoring method based on the internal deformation monitoring device of rock and soil or riprap as described in any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: Push the measuring unit into the measuring pipe to obtain reference measurement data at multiple preset positions within the measuring pipe; Step 2: At preset time intervals, move the measuring unit inside the measuring pipe to obtain current measurement data at multiple preset positions inside the measuring pipe; Step 3: Determine the deformation amount at each preset position based on the reference measurement data and the current measurement data.

8. The monitoring method according to claim 7, characterized in that, Before step 3, the method also includes: obtaining the elevation measurement benchmark.

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