A variable pre-load-stiffness self-centering rotational node

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of variable preload-rigidity self-resetting rotary nodes, comprising: bracket;Rotary frame is rotatably connected with the bracket by rotating shaft, gear is also coaxially connected with it on the rotating shaft;Two cover plates are respectively located above and below the rotating shaft, gear rack is also provided on cover plate and engaged with the gear;And self-resetting device with variable rigidity, its two ends are connected with the bracket and cover plate respectively.The present application can solve the problems that existing self-resetting nodes cannot realize adjustable reset force, or due to the small rotation angle of node, there is insufficient energy dissipation capacity and reset ability, or variable rigidity cannot be realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of building structure protection technology and relates to a variable preload-stiffness self-resetting rotating node. Background Technology

[0002] Traditional seismic design based on ductility primarily dissipates seismic energy through the plastic deformation of structural members to prevent structural collapse. This inevitably leads to significant residual deformation after an earthquake. Repairing structures with substantial residual deformation is difficult and costly; some buildings are even beyond repair and must be demolished and rebuilt, resulting in significant resource waste. Self-resetting structures effectively overcome these drawbacks, exhibiting minimal residual deformation after an earthquake. However, existing rotating self-resetting joints cannot achieve adjustable restoring force, and their small rotation angles result in insufficient energy dissipation and restoring capabilities. Furthermore, current self-resetting rotating joints typically employ constant stiffness, failing to achieve variable stiffness. Since structures have different seismic requirements under moderate and major earthquakes, requiring different stiffness levels, increasing stiffness under moderate earthquakes would intensify the seismic load, hindering the improvement of seismic performance. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a variable preload-stiffness self-resetting rotary joint to achieve variable stiffness, thereby increasing the stiffness of the joint under a major earthquake compared to that under a moderate earthquake, while also enabling adjustable reset force and displacement amplification functions.

[0004] The objective of this invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0005] A variable preload-stiffness self-resetting rotary joint includes:

[0006] bracket;

[0007] A rotating frame rotatably connected to the bracket via a rotating shaft, and a gear coaxially connected to the rotating shaft;

[0008] Two cover plates are located above and below the rotating shaft, respectively, and a rack that meshes with the gear is also provided on the cover plates;

[0009] And a self-resetting device with variable stiffness, the two ends of which are respectively connected to the bracket and the cover plate.

[0010] Furthermore, the bracket includes a first back plate and two bracket hooks arranged vertically on the first back plate and parallel to each other, wherein the bracket hooks are machined with hook grooves for placing the rotating shaft.

[0011] Furthermore, the rotating frame includes a second back plate, an ear plate vertically mounted on the second back plate, and the rotating shaft mounted on the ear plate.

[0012] Furthermore, a gear is installed at each end of the rotating shaft.

[0013] Furthermore, the self-resetting device includes:

[0014] The left and right connectors are used to connect the bracket and the cover plate respectively;

[0015] An inner connecting rod is vertically mounted on the left connector, and an outer connecting rod is arranged around the inner connecting rod;

[0016] The left and right outer pressure plates are slidably arranged on the inner connecting rod;

[0017] A left inner pressure plate and a right inner pressure plate are slidably arranged on the outer connecting rod and between the left outer pressure plate and the right outer pressure plate;

[0018] One end is fixed to the right connector, and the other end passes through the core rod of the right outer pressure plate, the right inner pressure plate, the left inner pressure plate, and the left outer pressure plate in sequence;

[0019] A right tie nut and a left tie nut are fixedly installed on the core rod and used to abut against the outer surfaces of the right outer pressure plate and the left outer pressure plate, respectively;

[0020] An inner self-resetting spring is sleeved on the core rod and passes through the left inner pressure plate and the right inner pressure plate at both ends respectively, so as to abut against the left outer pressure plate and the right outer pressure plate and have a preload.

[0021] An outer self-resetting spring is arranged around the inner self-resetting spring and its two ends respectively abut against the left inner pressure plate and the right inner pressure plate;

[0022] Two outer limiting nuts are fixedly installed on the inner connecting rod and are respectively used to abut against the outer surfaces of the left and right outer pressure plates;

[0023] And two inner limiting nuts installed on the outer connecting rod and used to abut against the outer surfaces of the left inner pressure plate and the right inner pressure plate, respectively.

[0024] Furthermore, both the inner self-resetting spring and the outer self-resetting spring are annular springs.

[0025] Furthermore, the position and spacing of the two inner limiting nuts on the outer connecting rod are adjustable.

[0026] Furthermore, the position and spacing of the two outer limiting nuts on the inner connecting rod are adjustable.

[0027] Furthermore, the position and spacing of the right tie nut and the left tie nut on the core rod are adjustable.

[0028] Furthermore, there are four inner connecting rods and four outer connecting rods respectively.

[0029] Furthermore, the cover plate includes a base plate and a side plate vertically mounted on the base plate for connection with the self-resetting device, and a rack that meshes with the gear is also machined on the surface of the base plate.

[0030] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0031] (1) Variable stiffness. Traditional self-resetting devices all use constant stiffness, while this invention uses variable stiffness. Under moderate earthquakes, the node rotation is small, and the self-resetting energy dissipation device is compressed by the inner ring spring, so the stiffness is constant. Under severe earthquakes, the node rotation is large, and both the inner and outer ring springs of the self-resetting energy dissipation device are compressed, increasing the stiffness and enhancing the earthquake resistance.

[0032] (2) The preload of the spring is adjustable. Traditional self-resetting devices use a cylindrical connection, which cannot directly adjust the preload. This invention uses a rod connection, which allows the distance between the left and right outer limit plates to be changed as needed by adjusting the left and right outer limit nuts, thereby making it very convenient to adjust the preload of the inner ring spring. The preload of the outer ring spring can also be adjusted as needed.

[0033] (3) Displacement amplification function. Due to the small rotation angle of the node, traditional self-resetting nodes have insufficient energy consumption and reset capabilities due to their small displacement stroke. This invention amplifies the node rotation displacement by setting a large gear, thereby increasing the stroke of the self-resetting energy-consuming device and improving its reset and energy consumption capabilities. The gear size can be set as needed to obtain the ideal rotation displacement.

[0034] (4) Excellent reset and energy dissipation capabilities. Regardless of whether the node rotates clockwise or counterclockwise, the ring spring can always be in a state of further compression, which can always provide good reset and energy dissipation capabilities, thereby reducing the peak dynamic response and residual displacement of the structure.

[0035] (5) When the structure is equipped with the node proposed in this invention, during an earthquake, regardless of whether the node rotates clockwise or counterclockwise, the annular spring will always be further compressed. There is friction between the inner and outer rings of the annular spring, which dissipates seismic energy during compression, thereby reducing the peak dynamic response of the structure. After the earthquake, when the structure is about to exhibit residual deformation, the compressed annular spring will provide a rebound force, pushing the structure back to its initial equilibrium position, thereby reducing residual deformation and achieving self-resetting. At the same time, under moderate earthquakes, the node rotation is small, and the self-resetting energy dissipation device is compressed by the inner annular spring, with constant stiffness. Under strong earthquakes, the node rotation is large, and both the inner and outer annular springs of the self-resetting energy dissipation device are compressed, increasing stiffness and enhancing seismic resistance. Furthermore, the distance between the left and right outer limit plates can be changed by adjusting the left and right outer limit nuts as needed, thereby adjusting the preload of the inner annular spring. The preload of the outer annular spring can also be adjusted as needed. Attached Figure Description

[0036] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the variable preload-stiffness self-resetting rotating node;

[0037] Figure 2 This is an assembly diagram of a variable preload-stiffness self-resetting rotating node.

[0038] Figure 3 A front view of the variable preload-stiffness self-resetting rotating node;

[0039] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the rear of a variable preload-stiffness self-resetting rotary node;

[0040] Figure 5 This is a structural diagram of the bracket;

[0041] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the rotating frame.

[0042] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the self-resetting device.

[0043] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the self-resetting device in a tensile state;

[0044] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the self-resetting device in equilibrium.

[0045] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the self-resetting device under pressure.

[0046] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the cover plate.

[0047] Figure 12A schematic diagram of the mechanical model of a variable preload-stiffness self-resetting rotating node;

[0048] Explanation of markings in the diagram:

[0049] 1-Bracket, 2-Rotating frame, 3-Cover plate, 4-Self-resetting energy dissipation device, 5-First back plate, 6-Bracket hook, 7-Second back plate, 8-Ear plate, 9-Rotating shaft, 10-Gear, 11-Rack, 12-Base plate, 13-Side plate, 14-Inner connecting rod, 15-Left outer pressure plate, 16-Inner ring spring, 17-Right outer pressure plate, 18-Left outer limit nut, 19-Right outer limit nut, 20-Core rod, 21-Left tie nut, 22-Right tie nut, 23-Left connector, 24-Right connector, 25-Outer connecting rod, 26-Left inner pressure plate, 27-Right inner pressure plate, 28-Left inner limit nut, 29-Right inner limit nut, 30-Outer ring spring. Detailed Implementation

[0050] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. These embodiments are based on the technical solution of the present invention and provide detailed implementation methods and specific operating procedures. However, the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.

[0051] Unless otherwise specified, the functional components or structures in the following embodiments or examples are conventional components or structures used in the art to achieve the corresponding functions.

[0052] To achieve variable stiffness, thereby increasing the stiffness of the node under strong earthquakes compared to moderate earthquakes, and to enable adjustable restoring force and displacement amplification, this invention provides a variable preload-stiffness self-restoring rotary joint, the structure of which can be found in [reference needed]. Figures 1 to 4 As shown, it includes:

[0053] Bracket 1;

[0054] The rotating frame 2 is rotatably connected to the bracket 1 via the rotating shaft 9, and a gear 10 is also coaxially connected to the rotating shaft 9.

[0055] Two cover plates 3 are located above and below the rotating shaft 9, respectively, and a rack 11 that meshes with the gear 10 is also provided on the cover plate 3;

[0056] And a self-resetting device with variable stiffness, the two ends of which are respectively connected to the bracket 1 and the cover plate 3.

[0057] For some specific implementation methods, please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 5As shown, the bracket 1 includes a first back plate 5 and two bracket hooks 6 arranged vertically on the first back plate 5 and parallel to each other. The bracket hooks 6 are machined with grooves for placing the rotating shaft 9. Specifically, the grooves can be U-shaped, allowing the rotating shaft 9 to rotate relative to the grooves when placed inside. Additionally, the first back plate 5 has bolt holes for connecting to the self-resetting device, and can also connect to columns or column bases of the external main structure.

[0058] For some specific implementation methods, please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 6 As shown, the rotating frame 2 includes a second back plate 7, an ear plate 8 vertically mounted on the second back plate 7, and a rotating shaft 9 mounted on the ear plate 8. In a more specific embodiment, a gear 10 is respectively mounted at both ends of the rotating shaft 9. One gear 10 can be mounted at each end of the rotating shaft 9 as needed. The second back plate 7 and the ear plate 8 are fixedly connected together, and the rotating shaft 9 is also fixedly connected to the ear plate 8. Furthermore, the gear 10 of this invention has the function of amplifying the rotational displacement of the node; the size of the gear 10 can be set as needed to achieve a larger rotational displacement.

[0059] For some specific implementation methods, please refer to [link / reference]. Figures 7 to 10 As shown, the self-resetting device includes:

[0060] The left connector 23 and the right connector 24 are used to selectively connect the bracket 1 and the cover plate 3, respectively.

[0061] An inner connecting rod 14 is vertically mounted on the left connector 23, and an outer connecting rod 25 is arranged around the inner connecting rod 14;

[0062] The left outer pressure plate 15 and the right outer pressure plate 17 are slidably arranged on the inner connecting rod 14;

[0063] Left inner pressure plate 26 and right inner pressure plate 27 are slidably arranged on the outer connecting rod 25 and between the left outer pressure plate 15 and the right outer pressure plate 17;

[0064] One end is fixed to the right connector 24, and the other end passes through the core rod 20 of the right outer pressure plate 17, the right inner pressure plate 27, the left inner pressure plate 26, and the left outer pressure plate 15 in sequence;

[0065] The right tie nut 22 and the left tie nut 21 are fixedly installed on the core rod 20 and are used to abut against the outer surfaces of the right outer pressure plate 17 and the left outer pressure plate 15, respectively;

[0066] An inner self-resetting spring is sleeved on the core rod 20 and has its two ends passing through the left inner pressure plate 26 and the right inner pressure plate 27 respectively, so as to abut against the left outer pressure plate 15 and the right outer pressure plate 17 and have a preload.

[0067] An external self-resetting spring is arranged around the inner self-resetting spring and its two ends respectively abut against the left inner pressure plate 26 and the right inner pressure plate 27;

[0068] Two outer limiting nuts are fixedly installed on the inner connecting rod 14 and are respectively used to abut against the outer surfaces of the left outer pressure plate 15 and the right outer pressure plate 17;

[0069] And two inner limiting nuts are installed on the outer connecting rod 25 and respectively used to abut against the outer surfaces of the left inner pressure plate 26 and the right inner pressure plate 27. With the above self-resetting design, during an earthquake, regardless of whether the node rotates clockwise or counterclockwise, the ring spring is always further compressed. During compression, seismic energy is dissipated, thus reducing the peak dynamic response of the structure. After the earthquake, when residual deformation is about to occur in the structure, the compressed ring spring provides a rebound force, pushing the structure back to its initial equilibrium position, thereby reducing residual deformation and achieving self-resetting. Simultaneously, under moderate earthquakes, the node rotation is small, and the self-resetting energy dissipation device 4 is compressed by the inner ring spring 16, maintaining constant stiffness. Under strong earthquakes, the node rotation is large, and both the inner ring spring 16 and the outer ring spring 30 of the self-resetting energy dissipation device 4 are compressed, increasing stiffness and enhancing seismic resistance.

[0070] In a more specific embodiment, both the inner self-resetting spring and the outer self-resetting spring are annular springs.

[0071] In a more specific embodiment, the position and spacing of the two inner limiting nuts on the outer connecting rod 25 are adjustable.

[0072] In a more specific embodiment, the position and spacing of the two outer limiting nuts on the inner connecting rod 14 are adjustable.

[0073] In a more specific embodiment, the position and spacing of the right tie nut 22 and the left tie nut 21 on the core rod 20 are adjustable.

[0074] In a more specific embodiment, the inner connecting rod 14 and the outer connecting rod 25 are each provided with four rods.

[0075] For some specific implementation methods, please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 11 As shown, the cover plate 3 includes a base plate 12 and a side plate 13 vertically mounted on the base plate 12 for connection with the self-resetting device. A rack 11 that meshes with the gear 10 is also machined onto the surface of the base plate 12. Preferably, bolt holes can be provided on the side plate 13 for connection with the self-resetting device. One or more self-resetting devices connected to the cover plate 3 can be provided as needed.

[0076] Each of the above implementation methods can be implemented individually, or in any combination of two or more.

[0077] The above implementation methods will be described in more detail below with reference to specific embodiments.

[0078] Example 1:

[0079] The variable preload-stiffness self-resetting rotary node in this embodiment consists of a bracket 1, a geared rotating frame 2, a rack-and-pinion cover plate 3, and a self-resetting energy dissipation device 4. Figures 1 to 4 As shown.

[0080] Bracket 1 consists of a first back plate 5 and two bracket hooks 6, as follows: Figure 5 As shown. The first back plate 5 and the bracket hook 6 are vertically fixed together. Bolt holes are opened on the bracket back plate for connecting the self-resetting energy dissipation device 4 and the column or column foot of the main structure.

[0081] The rotating frame 2 is composed of a second back plate 7, an ear plate 8, a rotating shaft 9, and a gear 10, as follows: Figure 3 As shown. The second back plate 7 and ear plate 8 are vertically fixed together, and the rotating shaft 9 is vertically fixed together with the ear plate 8. A gear 10 is fixed to each end of the rotating shaft 9. The rotating frame 2 is placed on the two bracket hooks 6 of the bracket 1 via the rotating shaft 9. The gear 10 has the function of amplifying the rotational displacement of the node. The size of the gear 10 can be set as needed to achieve a larger rotational displacement.

[0082] The self-resetting energy dissipation device 4 is composed of an inner connecting rod 14, a left outer pressure plate 15, an inner ring spring 16, a right outer pressure plate 17, a left outer limit nut 18, a right outer limit nut 19, a core rod 20, a left tie nut 21, a right tie nut 22, a left connector 23, a right connector 24, an outer connecting rod 25, a left inner pressure plate 26, a right inner pressure plate 27, a left inner limit nut 28, a right inner limit nut 29, and an outer ring spring 30. Figure 4As shown. Four inner connecting rods 14 pass through the right outer pressure plate 17, right inner pressure plate 27, left inner pressure plate 26, left outer pressure plate 15, and four left outer limiting nuts 18, and are fixed to the left connector 23 at the left end and connected to the four right outer limiting nuts 19 at the right end. The left inner pressure plate 26, left outer pressure plate 15, right inner pressure plate 27, and right outer pressure plate 17 have holes for the inner connecting rods 14 to pass through. The diameter of the holes is larger than the diameter of the inner connecting rods 14, and the left inner pressure plate 26, left outer pressure plate 15, right inner pressure plate 27, and right outer pressure plate 17 can slide left and right along the inner connecting rods 14. The inner annular spring 16 is located between the left outer pressure plate 15 and the right outer pressure plate 17 and applies a preload. The left outer limiting nuts 18 are located to the left of the left outer pressure plate 15, and the right outer limiting nuts 19 are located to the right of the right outer pressure plate 17. The distance between the left outer pressure plate 15 and the right outer pressure plate 17 can be adjusted by adjusting the left outer limit nut 18 and the right outer limit nut 19, thereby changing the preload on the inner annular spring 16. Four outer connecting rods 25 pass through the right inner pressure plate 27, the left inner pressure plate 26, and the four left inner limit nuts 28, and are fixed to the left connector 23 at the left end, and connected to the four right inner limit nuts 29 at the right end. The left inner pressure plate 26 and the right inner pressure plate 27 have holes for the outer connecting rods 25 to pass through; the diameter of the holes is larger than the diameter of the outer connecting rods 25, allowing the left inner pressure plate 26 and the right inner pressure plate 27 to slide left and right along the outer connecting rods 25. The outer annular spring 30 is sleeved around the inner annular spring 16, located between the left inner pressure plate 26 and the right inner pressure plate 27. The core rod 20 passes through the inner annular spring 16, the left outer pressure plate 15, the left inner pressure plate 26, the right inner pressure plate 27, the right outer pressure plate 17, and the right tie nut 22. Its left end is connected to the left tie nut 21, and its right end is connected to the right connector 24. There is a hole between the left outer pressure plate 15 and the right outer pressure plate 17 for the core rod 20 to pass through; the diameter of the hole is larger than the diameter of the core rod 20, allowing it to pass freely through both plates. There is also a hole between the left inner pressure plate 26 and the right inner pressure plate 27 for the inner annular spring 16 to pass through; the diameter of the hole is larger than the diameter of the inner annular spring 16, allowing it to pass freely through both plates. The left tie nut 21 is located to the left of the left outer pressure plate 15, and the right tie nut 22 is located to the right of the right outer pressure plate 17. The diameters of both the left tie nut 21 and the right tie nut 22 are larger than the diameters of the holes passing through the left outer pressure plate 15 and the right outer pressure plate 17. Therefore, when the self-resetting energy dissipation device 4 is under tension, the right connector 24 drives the core rod 20, the core rod 20 drives the left tie nut 21, and the left tie nut 21 drives the left outer pressure plate 15 to compress the inner annular spring 16. The right end of the inner annular spring 16 is kept in place by the tension of the right outer pressure plate 17, the right outer limit nut 19, and the inner connecting rod 14. Figure 5As shown. When the tensile displacement is large, after the left outer pressure plate 15 moves to the left inner pressure plate 26, the left outer pressure plate 15 will drive the left inner pressure plate 26 to compress the outer annular spring 30. The right end of the outer annular spring 30 is kept in place by the tie of the right inner pressure plate 27, the right inner limit nut 29, and the outer connecting rod 25. When the self-resetting energy dissipation device 4 is compressed, the right connector 24 drives the core rod 20, the core rod 20 drives the right tie nut 22, and the right tie nut 22 drives the right outer pressure plate 17 to compress the inner annular spring 16. The left end of the inner annular spring 16 is kept in place by the support of the left outer pressure plate 15, the left outer limit nut 18, and the inner connecting rod 14. Figure 5 As shown. When the compression displacement is large, after the right outer pressure plate 17 moves to the right inner pressure plate 27, the right outer pressure plate 17 will drive the right inner pressure plate 27 to compress the outer annular spring 30. The left end of the outer annular spring 30 is kept in place by the support of the left inner pressure plate 26, the left inner limiting nut 28, and the outer connecting rod 25. Therefore, regardless of whether the self-resetting energy dissipation device 4 is under compression or tension, the inner annular spring 16 and the outer annular spring 30 are always in a state of further compression. There is friction between the inner and outer rings of the annular spring, which can provide both energy dissipation and reset capabilities during its compression process. In the initial tension and compression stages, only the inner annular spring 16 is compressed. When the tension and compression displacement is large, both the inner annular spring 16 and the outer annular spring 30 are compressed, and the stiffness increases.

[0083] The cover plate 3 is composed of a rack 11, a bottom plate 12, and a side plate 13, as follows: Figure 6 As shown. Two racks 11 are located on both sides of the base plate 12 and fixed together, and a side plate 13 is located on the upper part of the base plate 12 and fixed together. The cover plate 3 is placed on the gear 10 of the rotating frame 2, and the racks 11 of the cover plate 3 and the gears 10 of the rotating frame 2 are engaged with each other. The side plate 13 of the cover plate 3 has bolt holes for connecting to the right connector 24 of the self-resetting energy dissipation device 4 by bolts. The left connector 23 of the self-resetting energy dissipation device 4 is connected to the first back plate 5 of the bracket 1 by bolts. Multiple self-resetting energy dissipation devices 4 connected to the cover plate 3 can be provided as needed.

[0084] The specific implementation process of the variable preload-stiffness self-resetting rotary node in this embodiment is as follows:

[0085] (1) Install bracket hook 6 on the back plate to form bracket 1.

[0086] (2) Install ear plate 8 on the back plate, then install rotating shaft 9 on ear plate 8, and then install gear 10 at both ends of rotating shaft 9 to form rotating frame 2.

[0087] (3) Install racks 11 on both sides of the base plate 12, and then install side plates 13 on the upper part of the base plate 12 to form a cover plate 3.

[0088] (4) Install right outer limit nuts 19 on each of the four inner tie rods, and then install right outer limit plates on the inner tie rods. Place inner ring spring 16 in the center of the four tie rods, and then install right inner limit plates on the inner tie rods. Cover the inner ring spring 16 with an outer ring spring 30, and then install left inner limit plates on the inner tie rods. Install four outer tie rods through the left inner limit plates and right inner limit plates, install right inner limit nuts 29 on the right end of the outer tie rods, and install left inner limit nuts 28 on the outer tie rods outside the left inner limit plates. Then install left limit plates and left outer limit nuts 18 on the inner tie rods. Achieve predetermined preload by adjusting the left outer limit nuts 18. Install core rod 20 inside the inner ring spring 16, then install left tie nuts 21 on the left end of the core rod 20, and then install right tie nuts 22 on the core rod 20 outside the right limit plate. Install the left connector 23 on the left end of the outer tie rod and the inner tie rod, and then install the right connector 24 on the right end of the core rod 20.

[0089] (5) The right connector 24 of the self-resetting energy dissipation device 4 is connected to the cover plate 3 of the base plate 12.

[0090] (6) Place the two cover plates 3 with the self-resetting energy dissipation device 4 on the upper and lower parts of the gear 10, and then connect the left connector 23 of the self-resetting energy dissipation device 4 to the back plate of the bracket 1.

[0091] (7) Connect the back plate of bracket 1 to the column, and connect the back plate of rotating frame 2 to the beam.

[0092] During node rotation, the rotating shaft 9 drives the gear 10 to rotate. The rotation of the gear 10 causes the rack 11 to move horizontally, which in turn causes the side plate 13 to pull and compress the self-resetting energy dissipation device 4. During the pulling and compressing process, the inner annular spring 16 of the self-resetting energy dissipation device 4 is always in a further compressed state, thus providing reset and energy dissipation capabilities. When the node rotation is small, the self-resetting energy dissipation device 4 is compressed by the inner annular spring 16, and the stiffness is constant. When the node rotation is large, both the inner annular spring 16 and the outer annular spring 30 of the self-resetting energy dissipation device 4 are compressed, increasing the stiffness and enhancing the shock resistance. Furthermore, the distance between the left outer pressure plate 15 and the right outer pressure plate 17 can be changed by adjusting the left outer limit nut 18 and the right outer limit nut 19, thereby adjusting the preload of the inner annular spring 16. The preload of the outer annular spring 30 can also be adjusted as needed. See details... Figure 12 As shown, during the initial loading phase, the stiffness of the node is equal to the stiffness of the inner annular spring 16. When the outer annular spring 30 begins to be compressed, the stiffness of the node becomes the sum of the stiffnesses of the inner annular spring 16 and the outer annular spring 30, and the node stiffness increases. If the outer annular spring 30 is preloaded, the node load increases sharply, and the node exhibits… Figure 12 In mechanical model 2, if the outer annular spring 30 is not preloaded, the node behavior is as follows: Figure 12 Model 1. Due to the friction between the inner and outer rings of the ring spring, when the node transitions from the loading stage to the unloading stage, the friction changes direction, causing a sharp drop in the node load, which then gradually decreases. Regardless of whether both the inner ring spring 16 and the outer ring spring 30 are compressed, or only the inner ring spring 16 is compressed, the stiffness of the node during the unloading stage is less than that during the corresponding loading stage. The degree of this difference is determined by the angle between the inner and outer rings of the ring spring. The significant advantage of this node compared to typical nodes is its ability to achieve variable preload and stiffness, as well as different loading and unloading stiffnesses. Under low-magnitude earthquakes, the node rotation is small, and the stiffness, restoring capacity, and energy dissipation capacity of the node are mainly provided by the inner ring spring 16. Under high-magnitude earthquakes, the seismic requirements of the structure increase, the node rotation is larger, and the stiffness and preload of the node increase. The node, with the inner ring spring 16 and the outer ring spring 30 providing greater stiffness, restoring capacity, and energy dissipation capacity, can further meet the requirements under high-magnitude earthquakes.

[0093] The above description of the embodiments is provided to enable those skilled in the art to understand and use the invention. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications can be made to these embodiments, and the general principles described herein can be applied to other embodiments without inventive effort. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and any improvements and modifications made by those skilled in the art based on the disclosure of the present invention without departing from the scope of the invention should be within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A variable preload-stiffness self-resetting rotary joint, characterized in that, include: bracket; A rotating frame rotatably connected to the bracket via a rotating shaft, and a gear coaxially connected to the rotating shaft; Two cover plates are located above and below the rotating shaft, respectively, and a rack that meshes with the gear is also provided on the cover plates; And a self-resetting device with variable stiffness, the two ends of which are respectively connected to the bracket and the cover plate.

2. The variable preload-stiffness self-resetting rotary joint according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bracket includes a first back plate and two bracket hooks arranged vertically on the first back plate and parallel to each other. The bracket hooks are machined with hook grooves for placing the rotating shaft.

3. The variable preload-stiffness self-resetting rotary joint according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rotating frame includes a second back plate, an ear plate vertically mounted on the second back plate, and a rotating shaft mounted on the ear plate.

4. A variable preload-stiffness self-resetting rotary joint according to claim 3, characterized in that, A gear is installed at each end of the rotating shaft.

5. A variable preload-stiffness self-resetting rotary joint according to claim 1, characterized in that, The self-resetting device includes: The left and right connectors are used to connect the bracket and the cover plate respectively; An inner connecting rod is vertically mounted on the left connector, and an outer connecting rod is arranged around the inner connecting rod; The left and right outer pressure plates are slidably arranged on the inner connecting rod; A left inner pressure plate and a right inner pressure plate are slidably arranged on the outer connecting rod and between the left outer pressure plate and the right outer pressure plate; One end is fixed to the right connector, and the other end passes through the core rod of the right outer pressure plate, the right inner pressure plate, the left inner pressure plate, and the left outer pressure plate in sequence; A right tie nut and a left tie nut are fixedly installed on the core rod and used to abut against the outer surfaces of the right outer pressure plate and the left outer pressure plate, respectively; An inner self-resetting spring is sleeved on the core rod and passes through the left inner pressure plate and the right inner pressure plate at both ends respectively, so as to abut against the left outer pressure plate and the right outer pressure plate and have a preload. An outer self-resetting spring is arranged around the inner self-resetting spring and its two ends respectively abut against the left inner pressure plate and the right inner pressure plate; Two outer limiting nuts are fixedly installed on the inner connecting rod and are respectively used to abut against the outer surfaces of the left and right outer pressure plates; And two inner limiting nuts installed on the outer connecting rod and used to abut against the outer surfaces of the left inner pressure plate and the right inner pressure plate, respectively.

6. A variable preload-stiffness self-resetting rotary joint according to claim 5, characterized in that, Both the inner self-resetting spring and the outer self-resetting spring are annular springs.

7. A variable preload-stiffness self-resetting rotary joint according to claim 5, characterized in that, The position and spacing of the two inner limit nuts on the outer connecting rod are adjustable.

8. A variable preload-stiffness self-resetting rotary joint according to claim 5, characterized in that, The position and spacing of the two outer limiting nuts on the inner connecting rod are adjustable.

9. A variable preload-stiffness self-resetting rotary joint according to claim 5, characterized in that, The position and spacing of the right tie nut and the left tie nut on the core rod are adjustable.

10. A variable preload-stiffness self-resetting rotary joint according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cover plate includes a base plate and a side plate that is vertically mounted on the base plate and used for connection with the self-resetting device. The rack that meshes with the gear is also machined on the surface of the base plate.

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