A steam turbine cylinder placement support device and a support method

Abstract

The application provides a steam turbine cylinder placing and supporting device and a supporting method, which comprises a workbench and a functional platform. The workbench is placed on the ground, and the functional platform is used for placing the steam turbine cylinder. The functional platform is located above the workbench, and a supporting and adjusting mechanism is installed between the functional platform and the workbench. The supporting and adjusting mechanism comprises a center supporting mechanism and a circumferential side supporting mechanism. The center supporting mechanism is installed at the center position between the functional platform and the workbench, and the circumferential side supporting mechanism is arranged around the center supporting mechanism. The functional platform can be adjusted in the inclination angle relative to the workbench through the center supporting mechanism and the circumferential side supporting mechanism, so that the steam turbine cylinder placed on the functional platform can be kept in the horizontal state. Therefore, the steam turbine cylinder can be kept in the horizontal state during the maintenance process, and the permanent deformation of the steam turbine cylinder can be avoided. Thus, the maintenance quality is ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of steam turbine cylinder maintenance technology, and in particular to a steam turbine cylinder placement support device and support method. Background Technology

[0002] Existing turbine cylinder maintenance technology lacks an adjustable support device in its original design. When the turbine cylinder is removed for maintenance, the bottom support of the cylinder is usually adjusted multiple times to level it. However, due to the lack of a suitable support device, the cylinder cannot be placed horizontally, which can easily lead to tilting and deformation. Therefore, there is an urgent need to design a turbine cylinder placement support device. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of the fact that the original design of existing steam turbine cylinder maintenance does not have an adjustable support device, when the steam turbine cylinder is opened and placed in the maintenance site, the bottom support of the cylinder is usually adjusted multiple times to adjust the cylinder level. However, due to the lack of a suitable support device, the cylinder cannot be placed horizontally, which can easily lead to the cylinder tilting and deformation. This invention provides a steam turbine cylinder placement support device and support method.

[0004] The technical solution adopted in this invention is as follows:

[0005] A turbine cylinder placement support device includes a workbench and a functional platform. The workbench is placed on the ground, and the functional platform is used to place the turbine cylinder. The functional platform is located above the workbench, and a support adjustment mechanism is installed between the functional platform and the workbench. The support adjustment mechanism includes a central support mechanism and peripheral support mechanisms. The central support mechanism is installed at the center between the functional platform and the workbench, and the peripheral support mechanisms are arranged around the support adjustment mechanism. The functional platform can be tilted relative to the workbench through the central support mechanism and the peripheral support mechanisms to keep the turbine cylinder placed on the functional platform in a horizontal state.

[0006] Furthermore, both the central support mechanism and the peripheral support mechanism include a retainer, an outer hoop, a support leveling assembly, and a tension adjustment assembly. The retainer is a frame structure with an outer hoop fixedly mounted on its top. The support leveling assembly is installed at the central hole of the outer hoop and extends into the interior of the retainer. The support leveling assembly includes a spherical sleeve installed in the central hole of the outer hoop and a spherical shaft installed in the spherical sleeve that can rotate relative to the spherical sleeve. A swing shaft extending into the retainer is installed at the bottom of the spherical shaft, and a gravity plumb bob is installed at the end of the swing shaft inside the retainer. The tension adjustment assembly includes a threaded connecting sleeve installed on the outer end face of the outer hoop and a threaded connecting shaft threadedly connected to the threaded connecting sleeve. One end of the threaded connecting shaft can pass through the threaded connecting sleeve, the outer hoop, and the spherical sleeve and abut against the spherical shaft.

[0007] Furthermore, the top of the spherical shaft of the central support mechanism is fixedly connected to the center of the bottom of the functional platform, and its retainer is fixedly installed at the center of the top of the workbench; the top of the spherical shaft of the peripheral support mechanism is equipped with a top pressure shaft that can contact the four corners of the bottom of the functional platform, and the bottom of its retainer is provided with an outer shell, inside which a support height fine adjustment mechanism is installed. The peripheral support mechanism is fixedly installed at the four corners of the top of the workbench through the support height fine adjustment mechanism frame, and can adjust the height position of the top pressure shaft to contact the four corners of the bottom of the functional platform.

[0008] Furthermore, a limiting cylinder is provided at the bottom center of the retainer of the central support mechanism, and the limiting cylinder extends into the worktable; the swing shaft of the central support mechanism extends into the limiting cylinder, and the movement space of the gravity plumb bob installed at the end of the swing shaft is limited by the limiting cylinder.

[0009] Furthermore, the support height fine-tuning mechanism frame includes an upper retainer, a lower retainer, an end cap, an upper wedge-shaped pad, a lower wedge-shaped pad, and a height fine-tuning drive assembly; the upper and lower retainers are both rectangular frames and are vertically coaxially arranged. The upper and lower retainers are enclosed by the end cap to form a box structure with openings at the top and bottom. The upper wedge-shaped pad, the lower wedge-shaped pad, and the height fine-tuning drive assembly are all installed inside the box structure, and the height fine-tuning drive assembly is located between the upper and lower wedge-shaped pads; the upper wedge-shaped pad can be vertically adjusted relative to the lower wedge-shaped pad through the height fine-tuning drive assembly. The bottom surface of the upper wedge-shaped pad is fixedly connected to the top surface of the workbench, and the top surface of the upper wedge-shaped pad is fixedly connected to the retainer of the peripheral support mechanism.

[0010] Furthermore, the height fine-tuning drive assembly includes a central shaft, a bidirectional adjusting screw, and wedge-shaped adjusting pads. The central shaft and the bidirectional adjusting screw are arranged in a cross shape. The top and bottom of the central shaft have rectangular shaft sections that can insert upper and lower wedge-shaped pads. The upper and lower wedge-shaped pads are provided with slots that mate with the central shaft. The bidirectional adjusting screw passes horizontally through the center of the central shaft, and its two ends are mounted on end caps via bearings. The bidirectional adjusting screw has bidirectional threaded sections. The wedge-shaped adjusting pads are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the central shaft and are threadedly connected to the bidirectional adjusting screw. The wedge-shaped adjusting pads on both sides of the central shaft move towards one side of the central shaft by rotating the bidirectional adjusting screw, thereby increasing the distance between the upper and lower wedge-shaped pads, or move away from the central shaft by rotating the bidirectional adjusting screw, thereby decreasing the distance between the upper and lower wedge-shaped pads.

[0011] A method for supporting a steam turbine cylinder, the method being based on the aforementioned steam turbine cylinder placement and support device, includes the following steps:

[0012] Step 1: Place the turbine cylinder on the functional platform, and try to keep the turbine cylinder in the center of the functional platform;

[0013] Step 2: Place the bubble level on the functional platform and adjust the four sets of peripheral support mechanisms. During adjustment, rotate the bidirectional adjusting screws of the four sets of peripheral support mechanisms to move the wedge-shaped adjusting pads on both sides of the central axis toward one side of the central axis, so that the gap between the upper wedge pad and the lower wedge pad increases until the top pressure shaft of the ball shaft of the four sets of peripheral support mechanisms is in complete contact with the four corners of the bottom of the functional platform, and the bubble level detects that it is in a horizontal state.

[0014] Step 3: Position the central support mechanism and the peripheral support mechanism by adjusting the tension of the central support mechanism and the peripheral support mechanism to keep the turbine cylinder on the functional platform in a horizontal state.

[0015] Step 4: Rotate the threaded connecting shafts of the four sets of peripheral support mechanisms and the threaded connecting shaft of the central support mechanism to position the central support mechanism and the peripheral support mechanisms.

[0016] Furthermore, in step 2, by installing accelerometers and gyroscopes on the turbine cylinders, connecting the bidirectional adjusting screws of the four sets of peripheral support mechanisms to an electric adjusting device, and connecting the accelerometers, gyroscopes, and electric adjusting devices to a microcontroller, the following automatic adjustment process is achieved through the microcontroller:

[0017] Step 1: The microcontroller receives signals from the accelerometer and gyroscope sensors, fuses the measurements together, and obtains a more accurate tilt angle estimate.

[0018] Step 2: Based on the tilt angle estimation measured in real time in Step 1, adjust the adjustment data of the electric adjustment device connected to the peripheral support mechanism to ensure that the turbine cylinder is kept horizontal.

[0019] Step 3: Update the height of each peripheral support mechanism using the gradient descent update rule and output it to the electric adjustment device to control the height fine-tuning drive component. Repeat steps 1 and 2, continuously calculating the gradient and updating the height of the peripheral support mechanism until the cost function reaches an acceptable minimum value or a preset threshold, that is, the turbine cylinder placed on the functional platform reaches a horizontal state.

[0020] Furthermore, in step one, the tilt angle measured by the accelerometer is first calculated, and the triaxial acceleration data measured by the accelerometer is as follows: , , ;

[0021] The pitch angle of the turbine cylinder calculated by the accelerometer for:

[0022]

[0023] The roll angle of the turbine cylinder calculated by the accelerometer for:

[0024] ;

[0025] Secondly, calculate the tilt angle measured by the gyroscope. The gyroscope measures the three-axis angular velocity as follows: , , The sampling period is ;

[0026] The pitch angle of the steam turbine cylinder measured by a gyroscope for:

[0027]

[0028] The roll angle of the turbine cylinder measured by a gyroscope for:

[0029]

[0030] In the formula, and These represent the pitch angle and roll angle of the turbine cylinder obtained in the previous calculation, i.e., the initial pitch angle and the initial roll angle, respectively;

[0031] Finally, the accelerometer and gyroscope data were calculated using the following method, with the weights for the accelerometer and gyroscope respectively. and Pitch angle after weighted fusion of steam turbine cylinders and the weighted fusion of the roll angle They are respectively:

[0032]

[0033]

[0034] The tilt angle of the steam turbine cylinder for:

[0035] .

[0036] Furthermore, in step two, firstly, a cost function is defined to measure the difference between the current state of the functional platform and its fully level state. The cost function is the sum of the squares of the pitch and roll angles of the turbine cylinders. (i=1,2,3,4) represent the heights of the four peripheral support mechanisms, where i is the number of the peripheral support mechanism. The cost function is expressed as follows: ;

[0037] Next, initialize the height of the support structure. , , , The gradient of the cost function with respect to the height of each peripheral support is calculated, and this gradient is used to adjust the height of each peripheral support to minimize the cost function. The gradient of the peripheral support height is calculated as follows:

[0038]

[0039] In the formula, Let be the cost function, used to measure the difference between the current state and the target state; then, define a gradient descent update rule to update the height of each peripheral support mechanism:

[0040]

[0041] in, In the (t+1)th iteration; Indicates the number of iterations. The parameter is the learning rate, which is set according to the actual situation to determine the extent of gradient descent at each step.

[0042] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0043] The turbine cylinder placement support device has a support adjustment mechanism consisting of a central support mechanism and peripheral support mechanisms installed between the functional platform and the workbench. The functional platform can be tilted relative to the workbench through the central and peripheral support mechanisms, keeping the turbine cylinder placed on the functional platform in a horizontal state. At the same time, the stability of the horizontal state is maintained by the tension adjustment components of the central and peripheral support mechanisms. This ensures that the height of the functional platform is level, which helps to ensure that the turbine cylinder is in a horizontal state during maintenance. It also prevents the turbine cylinder from tilting or being suspended during maintenance, keeping the turbine cylinder horizontal and preventing permanent deformation, thus ensuring the quality of maintenance.

[0044] In addition, the turbine cylinder placement support device uses multiple detection elements to detect data on the functional platform. At the same time, it uses the calculation and processing of the detected data to generate control commands for the height fine-tuning drive components of the peripheral support mechanism. This makes the horizontal adjustment of the turbine cylinder placement support device more intelligent and also meets the maintenance needs of turbine cylinders of various weights and sizes. Attached Figure Description

[0045] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort. Wherein:

[0046] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the disassembled structure between the functional platform and the workbench of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the central support mechanism of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the disassembled structure of the central support mechanism of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the peripheral support mechanism of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the disassembled structure of the peripheral support mechanism of the present invention;

[0052] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure supporting the height fine-tuning mechanism of the present invention;

[0053] Figure 8This is a schematic diagram of the disassembled structure of the height fine-tuning mechanism of the present invention;

[0054] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the working principle of the tension adjustment component of the present invention.

[0055] Figure 1-9 In the middle, 1-workbench, 2-functional platform, 3-central support mechanism, 4-peripheral support mechanism, 5-cage I, 6-cage II, 7-outer hoop I, 8-outer hoop II, 9-spherical hoop I, 10-spherical hoop II, 11-spherical shaft I, 12-spherical shaft II, 13-swing shaft I, 14-swing shaft II, 15-gravity plumb bob I, 16-gravity plumb bob II, 17-threaded connecting shaft I, 18-threaded connecting shaft II, 19-top pressure shaft, 20-upper cage, 21-lower cage, 22-upper wedge pad, 23-lower wedge pad, 24-central shaft, 25-bidirectional adjusting screw, 26-wedge adjusting pad, 27-slot, 28-limiting cylinder, 29-support height fine adjustment mechanism. Detailed Implementation

[0056] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0057] Example 1

[0058] In response to the problem that adjusting the cylinder level during turbine cylinder maintenance can lead to tilting and deformation due to the lack of a suitable support device, this embodiment provides a turbine cylinder placement support device.

[0059] Specifically, such as Figure 1 As shown, the turbine cylinder placement support device includes a workbench 1 and a functional platform 2. The workbench 1 is placed on the ground, serving as the base of the turbine cylinder placement support device; the functional platform 2 is located above the workbench 1 and is used to place the turbine cylinder. Since the turbine cylinder needs to be placed horizontally, factors such as the flatness of the ground and the slight deformation of the platform material over long-term use can affect the maintenance of the turbine cylinder. Therefore, in this embodiment, a support adjustment mechanism is installed between the functional platform 2 and the workbench 1. Figure 2As shown, the support adjustment mechanism includes a central support mechanism 3 and four peripheral support mechanisms 4. The central support mechanism 3 is installed at the center between the functional platform 2 and the workbench 1. The four peripheral support mechanisms 4 are arranged around the support adjustment mechanism. The functional platform 2 can be tilted relative to the workbench 1 through the central support mechanism 3 and the peripheral support mechanisms 4, so that the turbine cylinder placed on the functional platform 2 remains horizontal.

[0060] In this embodiment, the central support mechanism 3 and the peripheral support mechanism 4 adopt the following structure to achieve the tilt adjustment of the workbench 1;

[0061] like Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the central support mechanism 3 includes a retainer I5, an outer hoop I7, a support and leveling assembly, and a tension adjustment assembly. The retainer I5 is a frame structure, with the outer hoop I7 fixedly mounted on its top. The retainer I5 is fixedly mounted at the center of the top of the workbench 1. The support and leveling assembly is mounted at the center hole of the outer hoop I7 and extends into the interior of the retainer I5. The support and leveling assembly includes a spherical sleeve I9 ​​installed in the center hole of the outer hoop I7, and a spherical shaft I11 installed in the spherical sleeve I9 ​​and capable of rotating relative to the spherical sleeve I9. A swing shaft I13 extending into the retainer I5 is mounted at the bottom of the spherical shaft I11. The top of the spherical shaft I11 is fixedly connected to the center of the bottom of the functional platform 2. A gravity plumb bob I15 is mounted at the end of the swing shaft I13 inside the retainer I5. The tightness adjustment assembly includes a threaded connecting sleeve I installed on the outer end face of the outer hoop I7, and a threaded connecting shaft I17 threadedly connected to the threaded connecting sleeve I. One end of the threaded connecting shaft I17 can pass through the threaded connecting sleeve I, the outer hoop I7 and the spherical hoop I9 and abut against the spherical shaft I11.

[0062] The function of the central support mechanism 3 is to form a support point at the bottom center of the functional platform 2, and to balance the eccentric force of the functional platform 2 and the turbine cylinder placed on the functional platform 2 as much as possible through the gravity plumb bob I15. Furthermore, to prevent the eccentric angle of the functional platform 2 where the turbine cylinder is placed from being too large, such as... Figure 4 As shown, in this embodiment, a limiting cylinder 28 is also provided at the bottom center of the retainer I5 of the central support mechanism 3, and the limiting cylinder 28 extends into the worktable 1; by extending the swing shaft I13 of the central support mechanism 3 into the limiting cylinder 28, the movement space of the gravity plumb bob installed at the end of the swing shaft is restricted by the limiting cylinder 28, thereby reducing the deflection angle of the functional platform 2.

[0063] like Figure 5 and Figure 6As shown, the four sets of peripheral support mechanisms 4 have a similar structure to the central support mechanism 3, including a retainer II 6, an outer hoop II 8, a support leveling assembly, and a tension adjustment assembly; in addition, the peripheral support mechanism 4 also includes a support height fine-tuning mechanism 29 and a top pressure shaft 19.

[0064] The retainer II6 is a frame structure with an outer hoop II8 fixedly mounted on its top and an outer casing at its bottom. A support height fine-tuning mechanism 29 is installed inside the outer casing. A peripheral support mechanism 4 is fixedly mounted at the four corners of the top of the workbench 1 via the support height fine-tuning mechanism 29, arranged around the support adjustment mechanism. A support leveling assembly is installed at the center hole of the outer hoop II8 and extends into the interior of the retainer II6. The support leveling assembly includes a spherical sleeve II10 installed in the center hole of the outer hoop II8, and a spherical shaft II12 installed within the spherical sleeve II10 and capable of rotating relative to it. A swing shaft II14 extending into the retainer II6 is installed at the bottom of the spherical shaft II12, and a top-pressure shaft 19 capable of contacting the four corners of the bottom of the functional platform 2 is installed at the top of the spherical shaft II12. A gravity plumb bob II16 is installed at the end of the swing shaft II14 within the retainer II6. The tightness adjustment assembly includes a threaded connecting sleeve II installed on the outer end face of the outer clamp II8, and a threaded connecting shaft II18 threadedly connected to the threaded connecting sleeve II. One end of the threaded connecting shaft II18 can pass through the threaded connecting sleeve II, the outer clamp II8 and the spherical clamp II10 and abut against the spherical shaft II12.

[0065] The function of the four sets of peripheral support mechanisms 4 is as follows: Each peripheral support mechanism 4 adjusts the height position of the cage II 6, the support leveling component installed on the cage II 6, and the top pressure shaft 19 through its own support height fine adjustment mechanism 29, so that the top pressure shaft 19 contacts the four corners of the bottom of the functional platform 2. Based on the support point formed by the central support mechanism 3 at the bottom center of the functional platform 2, the tilt angle of the functional platform 2 is adjusted so that the functional platform 2 where the turbine cylinder is placed is kept in a horizontal state.

[0066] Furthermore, due to the large weight of the turbine cylinder, a large distance between the workbench 1 and the functional platform 2 results in a large eccentricity angle. This places a greater demand on the vertical adjustment range of the support height fine-tuning mechanism 29 of the peripheral support mechanism 4, and the turbine cylinder is prone to sideslip during the adjustment of the functional platform 2 to a horizontal position. In this embodiment, to minimize the distance between the workbench 1 and the functional platform 2, conventional cylinder support devices with large dimensions, such as pneumatic cylinders, electric cylinders, or hydraulic cylinders, are not used. Figure 7 As shown, instead of using a small support height fine-tuning mechanism 29, a smaller one is used to reduce the distance between the worktable 1 and the functional platform 2.

[0067] like Figure 8As shown, specifically, the height fine-tuning mechanism 29 includes an upper retainer 20, a lower retainer 21, an end cap, an upper wedge-shaped pad 22, a lower wedge-shaped pad 23, and a height fine-tuning drive assembly. Both the upper retainer 20 and the lower retainer 21 are rectangular frames, vertically coaxially arranged. The upper retainer 20 and the lower retainer 21 are enclosed by the end cap to form a box structure with openings at the top and bottom. The upper wedge-shaped pad 22, the lower wedge-shaped pad 23, and the height fine-tuning drive assembly are all installed within the box structure, with the height fine-tuning drive assembly located between the upper wedge-shaped pad 22 and the lower wedge-shaped pad 23. The upper wedge-shaped pad 22 can be vertically adjusted relative to the lower wedge-shaped pad 23 via the height fine-tuning drive assembly. The bottom surface of the upper wedge-shaped pad 22 is fixedly connected to the top surface of the worktable 1, and the top surface of the upper wedge-shaped pad 22 is fixedly connected to the retainer of the peripheral support mechanism 4.

[0068] The height fine-tuning drive assembly includes a central shaft 24, a bidirectional adjusting screw 25, and wedge-shaped adjusting pads 26. The central shaft 24 and the bidirectional adjusting screw 25 are arranged in a cross configuration. The top and bottom of the central shaft 24 have rectangular shaft sections into which upper and lower wedge-shaped pads can be inserted. The upper and lower wedge-shaped pads have slots 27 that mate with the central shaft 24, providing a guiding function. The bidirectional adjusting screw 25 passes horizontally through the center of the central shaft 24. Both ends of the bidirectional adjusting screw 25 are mounted on end caps via bearings. The bidirectional adjusting screw 25 has bidirectional threaded sections. The wedge-shaped adjusting pads 26 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the central shaft 24 and are threadedly connected to the bidirectional adjusting screw 25. The wedge-shaped adjusting pads 26 on both sides of the central shaft 24 move toward one side of the central shaft 24 by rotating the bidirectional adjusting screw 25, thereby increasing the gap between the upper and lower wedge pads, or move away from the central shaft 24 by rotating the bidirectional adjusting screw 25, thereby decreasing the gap between the upper and lower wedge pads.

[0069] Based on the above structural descriptions of the central support mechanism 3 and the peripheral support mechanism 4, the overall working principle of this turbine cylinder placement support device is as follows:

[0070] First, place the turbine cylinder on the functional platform 2, ensuring it is centered within the platform. Then, place a bubble level on the platform and adjust the four sets of peripheral support mechanisms 4. During adjustment, rotate the bidirectional adjusting screws 25 of the four peripheral support mechanisms 4 to move the wedge-shaped adjusting pads 26 on both sides of the central shaft 24 towards one side of the central shaft 24, increasing the distance between the upper and lower wedge pads until the top pressure shaft 19 of the spherical shaft of the four peripheral support mechanisms 4 is fully in contact with the four corners of the bottom of the functional platform 2, and the bubble level indicates a horizontal state. Finally, use the tension adjustment components of the central support mechanism 3 and the peripheral support mechanisms 4 to position them, ensuring the turbine cylinder on the functional platform 2 remains horizontal. This prevents the turbine cylinder from tilting or becoming suspended during maintenance, ensuring the turbine cylinder remains horizontal and preventing permanent deformation, thus guaranteeing the quality of the maintenance.

[0071] When locating the state of the central support mechanism 3 and the peripheral support mechanism 4, such as Figure 9 As shown, firstly, rotate the threaded connecting shaft II18 of the four sets of peripheral support mechanisms 4. After passing through the threaded connecting sleeve II, the threaded connecting shaft II18 passes through the outer hoop II8 and the spherical hoop II10 in sequence and abuts against the spherical shaft II12. Then rotate the threaded connecting shaft I17 of the central support mechanism 3. After passing through the threaded connecting sleeve I, the threaded connecting shaft I17 passes through the outer hoop I7 and the spherical hoop I9 in sequence and abuts against the spherical shaft I11. This positions the central support mechanism 3 and the peripheral support mechanisms 4, further improving the levelness and stability of the functional platform 2.

[0072] Example 2

[0073] like Figure 1 As shown, the turbine cylinder is placed on functional platform 2, which is located above workbench 1. A support and adjustment mechanism is installed between functional platform 2 and workbench 1, as follows: Figure 2 As shown, the support adjustment mechanism includes a central support mechanism 3 and four peripheral support mechanisms 4, and the bidirectional adjustment screws 25 of the four peripheral support mechanisms 4 are connected to an electric adjustment device.

[0074] An accelerometer and gyroscope sensor are installed on the turbine cylinder placed on the functional platform 2 to monitor the linear acceleration and angular velocity of the turbine cylinder in real time. These are converted into digital signals and input into the microcontroller. The microcontroller calculates and outputs control signals to quickly and electrically adjust the electric adjustment device to adjust the height of each peripheral support mechanism 4 to ensure that the turbine cylinder is kept horizontal. The specific steps are as follows:

[0075] Step one: The microcontroller receives signals from the accelerometer and gyroscope sensors and fuses the measurements together using the following method to obtain a more accurate tilt angle estimate.

[0076] First, calculate the tilt angle measured by the accelerometer. The triaxial acceleration data measured by the accelerometer are as follows: , , ;

[0077] The pitch angle of the turbine cylinder calculated by the accelerometer for:

[0078]

[0079] The roll angle of the turbine cylinder calculated by the accelerometer for:

[0080]

[0081] Secondly, calculate the tilt angle measured by the gyroscope. The gyroscope measures the three-axis angular velocity as follows: , , The sampling period is: ;

[0082] The pitch angle of the steam turbine cylinder measured by a gyroscope for:

[0083]

[0084] The roll angle of the turbine cylinder measured by a gyroscope for:

[0085]

[0086] and These represent the pitch angle and roll angle of the turbine cylinder obtained in the previous calculation, i.e., the initial pitch angle and the initial roll angle, respectively;

[0087] Finally, for high-frequency signals, gyroscope data is more reliable, while accelerometer data is more affected by noise; for low-frequency signals, accelerometer data is more reliable, while gyroscope data is more affected by zero drift. Accelerometer and gyroscope data are calculated using the following method:

[0088] The weights of the accelerometer and gyroscope are respectively and Pitch angle after weighted fusion of turbine cylinders and the weighted fusion of the roll angle They are respectively:

[0089]

[0090]

[0091] The tilt angle of the steam turbine cylinder for:

[0092] .

[0093] Step 2: Based on the real-time measured tilt angle of the turbine cylinder on the known functional platform 2 calculated in Step 1, adjust the adjustment data of the electric control device on the peripheral support mechanism 4 using the following method to ensure that the turbine cylinder is kept in a horizontal state.

[0094] First, a cost function is defined to measure the difference between the current state of functional platform 2 and its fully horizontal state. The cost function is the sum of the squares of the pitch and roll angles of the turbine cylinder. (i=1,2,3,4) represent the heights of the four peripheral support mechanisms 4, where i is the number of the peripheral support mechanism. The cost function is expressed as:

[0095] ;

[0096] Next, initialize the height of the peripheral support mechanism. , , , Calculate the gradient of the cost function with respect to the height of each peripheral support mechanism. This gradient is used to adjust the height of each peripheral support mechanism to minimize the cost function. The gradient of the height of peripheral support mechanism 4 is calculated as follows:

[0097] ;

[0098] In the formula, Let be the cost function, used to measure the difference between the current state and the target state; then, define a gradient descent update rule to update the height of each peripheral support mechanism:

[0099] ,

[0100] in, In the (t+1)th iteration; Indicates the number of iterations. The parameter is the learning rate, which is set according to the actual situation to determine the extent of gradient descent at each step.

[0101] Step 3: Update the height of each peripheral support mechanism using the gradient descent update rule and output it to the electric adjustment device to control the height fine-tuning drive component. Repeat steps 1 and 2, continuously calculating the gradient and updating the height of the peripheral support mechanism until the cost function reaches an acceptable minimum value or a preset threshold, that is, the turbine cylinder placed on the functional platform 2 reaches a horizontal state.

[0102] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A method for supporting a steam turbine cylinder, the method being based on a steam turbine cylinder placement and support device, characterized in that: The turbine cylinder placement support device includes a workbench and a functional platform. The workbench is placed on the ground, and the functional platform is used to place the turbine cylinder. The functional platform is located above the workbench, and a support adjustment mechanism is installed between the functional platform and the workbench. The support adjustment mechanism includes a central support mechanism and a peripheral support mechanism. The central support mechanism is installed at the center between the functional platform and the workbench. The peripheral support mechanism is arranged around the support adjustment mechanism. The functional platform can be tilted relative to the workbench through the central support mechanism and the peripheral support mechanism to keep the turbine cylinder placed on the functional platform in a horizontal state. The method for supporting the turbine cylinder includes the following steps: Step 1: Place the turbine cylinder on the functional platform, and try to keep the turbine cylinder in the center of the functional platform; Step 2: Place the bubble level on the functional platform and adjust the four sets of peripheral support mechanisms. During adjustment, rotate the bidirectional adjusting screws of the four sets of peripheral support mechanisms to move the wedge-shaped adjusting pads on both sides of the central axis toward one side of the central axis, so that the gap between the upper wedge pad and the lower wedge pad increases until the top pressure shaft of the ball shaft of the four sets of peripheral support mechanisms is in complete contact with the four corners of the bottom of the functional platform, and the bubble level detects that it is in a horizontal state. Step 3: Position the central support mechanism and the peripheral support mechanism by adjusting the tension of the central support mechanism and the peripheral support mechanism to keep the turbine cylinder on the functional platform in a horizontal state. Step 4: Rotate the threaded connecting shafts of the four sets of peripheral support mechanisms and the threaded connecting shaft of the central support mechanism to position the central support mechanism and the peripheral support mechanisms. In step 2, by installing accelerometers and gyroscopes on the turbine cylinders, an electric adjustment device is connected to the bidirectional adjusting screws of the four sets of peripheral support mechanisms. The accelerometers, gyroscopes, and electric adjustment devices are then connected to a microcontroller, which enables the following automatic adjustment process: Step 1: The microcontroller receives signals from the accelerometer and gyroscope sensors, fuses the measurements together, and obtains a more accurate tilt angle estimate. Step 2: Based on the tilt angle estimation measured in real time in Step 1, adjust the adjustment data of the electric adjustment device connected to the peripheral support mechanism to ensure that the turbine cylinder is kept horizontal. Step 3: Update the height of each peripheral support mechanism through the gradient descent update rule and output it to the electric adjustment device to control the height fine-tuning drive component. Repeat steps 1 to 2, continuously calculate the gradient and update the height of the peripheral support mechanism until the cost function reaches an acceptable minimum value or a preset threshold, that is, the turbine cylinder placed on the functional platform reaches a horizontal state. In step one, the tilt angle measured by the accelerometer is first calculated. The triaxial acceleration data measured by the accelerometer are as follows: , , ; The pitch angle of the turbine cylinder calculated by the accelerometer for: The roll angle of the turbine cylinder calculated by the accelerometer for: ； Secondly, calculate the tilt angle measured by the gyroscope. The gyroscope measures the three-axis angular velocity as follows: , , The sampling period is ; The pitch angle of the steam turbine cylinder measured by a gyroscope for: The roll angle of the turbine cylinder measured by a gyroscope for: In the formula, and These represent the pitch angle and roll angle of the turbine cylinder obtained in the previous calculation, i.e., the initial pitch angle and the initial roll angle, respectively; Finally, the accelerometer and gyroscope data were calculated using the following method, with the weights for the accelerometer and gyroscope respectively. and Pitch angle after weighted fusion of steam turbine cylinders and the weighted fusion of the roll angle They are respectively: The tilt angle of the steam turbine cylinder for: 。 2. The method for supporting a steam turbine cylinder according to claim 1, characterized in that: Both the central support mechanism and the peripheral support mechanism include a retainer, an outer hoop, a support leveling assembly, and a tension adjustment assembly. The retainer is a frame structure with an outer hoop fixedly installed on its top. The leveling component is installed at the center hole of the outer hoop and extends into the interior of the retainer. The support and leveling assembly includes a spherical sleeve installed in the center hole of the outer sleeve, and a spherical shaft installed in the spherical sleeve that can rotate relative to the spherical sleeve. A pendulum shaft extending into the cage is installed at the bottom of the spherical shaft, and a gravity plumb bob is installed at the end of the pendulum shaft in the cage. The tightness adjustment assembly includes a threaded connecting sleeve installed on the outer end face of the outer hoop, and a threaded connecting shaft threadedly connected to the threaded connecting sleeve. One end of the threaded connecting shaft can pass through the threaded connecting sleeve, the outer hoop, and the spherical hoop and abut against the spherical shaft.

3. The method for supporting a steam turbine cylinder according to claim 2, characterized in that: The top of the spherical shaft of the central support mechanism is fixedly connected to the center of the bottom of the functional platform, and its retainer is fixedly installed at the center of the top of the workbench. The top of the spherical shaft of the peripheral support mechanism is equipped with a top pressure shaft that can contact the four corners of the bottom of the functional platform. The bottom of its retainer is provided with an outer shell, and a support height fine adjustment mechanism is installed inside the outer shell. The peripheral support mechanism is fixedly installed at the four corners of the top of the workbench through the support height fine adjustment mechanism frame, and can adjust the height position of the top pressure shaft to contact the four corners of the bottom of the functional platform.

4. The method for supporting a steam turbine cylinder according to claim 2, characterized in that: The center support mechanism is provided with a limiting cylinder at the bottom center of the retainer, which extends into the workbench; the swing shaft of the center support mechanism extends into the limiting cylinder, and the movement space of the gravity plumb bob installed at the end of the swing shaft is limited by the limiting cylinder.

5. The method for supporting a steam turbine cylinder according to claim 3, characterized in that: The support height fine-tuning mechanism frame includes an upper retainer, a lower retainer, an end cap, an upper wedge pad, a lower wedge pad, and a height fine-tuning drive assembly; Both the upper and lower retainers are rectangular frames and are vertically coaxial. The upper and lower retainers are enclosed by end caps to form a box structure with openings at the top and bottom. The upper wedge pad, the lower wedge pad, and the height fine-tuning drive assembly are all installed inside the box structure, and the height fine-tuning drive assembly is located between the upper and lower wedge pads. The upper wedge-shaped pad can be vertically adjusted relative to the lower wedge-shaped pad through a height fine-tuning drive component. The bottom surface of the upper wedge-shaped pad is fixedly connected to the top surface of the workbench, and the top surface of the upper wedge-shaped pad is fixedly connected to the retainer of the peripheral support mechanism.

6. The method for supporting a steam turbine cylinder according to claim 5, characterized in that: The height fine-tuning drive assembly includes a central shaft, a bidirectional adjusting screw, and a wedge-shaped adjusting pad. The central shaft and the bidirectional adjusting screw are arranged in a cross shape. The top and bottom of the central shaft have rectangular shaft sections that can be inserted into the upper wedge pad and the lower wedge pad. The upper wedge pad and the lower wedge pad are provided with slots that match the central shaft. The bidirectional adjusting screw passes horizontally through the center of the central shaft, and its two ends are mounted on the end caps via bearings. The bidirectional adjusting screw has a bidirectional threaded section, and wedge-shaped adjusting pads are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the central shaft and are threadedly connected to the bidirectional adjusting screw. The wedge-shaped adjusting pads on both sides of the central axis move towards one side of the central axis by rotating the bidirectional adjusting screw, thereby increasing the gap between the upper and lower wedge pads, or move away from the central axis by rotating the bidirectional adjusting screw, thereby decreasing the gap between the upper and lower wedge pads.

7. The method for supporting a steam turbine cylinder according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step two, firstly, a cost function is defined to measure the difference between the current state of the functional platform and its fully level state. The cost function is the sum of the squares of the pitch and roll angles of the turbine cylinders. Let i be the height of the four circumferential support mechanisms, and i be the number of the circumferential support mechanism. The cost function is expressed as follows: ; Next, initialize the height of the weekly testing support mechanism. , , , The gradient of the cost function with respect to the height of each peripheral support is calculated, and this gradient is used to adjust the height of each peripheral support to minimize the cost function. The gradient of the peripheral support height is calculated as follows: In the formula, Let be the cost function, used to measure the difference between the current state and the target state; then, define a gradient descent update rule to update the height of each peripheral support mechanism: in, This is the (t+1)th iteration; Indicates the number of iterations. The parameter is the learning rate, which is set according to the actual situation to determine the extent of gradient descent at each step.

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