High-power laser cutting head gas circuit device

Abstract

This invention claims protection for a high-power laser cutting head gas path device. The key technical point is that it includes a first fixing member with an air inlet, and a second fixing member fixedly connected to it for placing a collimating lens. The second fixing member is fixedly connected to a connecting column, which is connected to a cutting head assembly. The cutting head assembly includes a gas guide for guiding auxiliary gas. The gas guide has an inner gas guide channel and an outer gas guide channel, with a ventilation channel between them. This invention, through the two-layer arrangement of the inner and outer gas guide channels, plus the function of a first one-way ventilation mechanism, can effectively prevent turbulence in the gas within the gas guide channels, thereby preventing airflow disturbances that could prevent smooth ejection from the nozzle. This allows dust and debris generated during laser cutting to be effectively kept away from the cutting point. The outer gas guide channel also acts as a pressure relief mechanism, indirectly ensuring the effectiveness of the laser cutting operation while removing excess gas.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a pneumatic circuit device, and more specifically, to a pneumatic circuit device for a high-power laser cutting head. Background Technology

[0002] Laser cutting utilizes a high-power-density focused beam to scan the surface of a material, heating it to thousands or even tens of thousands of degrees Celsius in an extremely short time, causing the material to melt or vaporize instantly. Assist gas is then used to blow away the molten or vaporized debris from the kerf, achieving the purpose of cutting the material. The internal structure of a laser cutting head includes collimating lenses, focusing lenses, protective lenses, and other optical lenses. These components have high requirements for the processing environment, thus necessitating the design of a gas path system. This system allows the assist gas to move at high speed towards the cutting point, thereby blowing away debris. To ensure successful laser cutting, higher-power laser cutting heads require higher flow rates of the assist gas. However, in actual use, it has been found that high-speed flowing assist gas easily generates turbulence within the gas guide channel, causing airflow disturbance and preventing smooth ejection from the nozzle, thus failing to achieve the desired effect. Therefore, a high-power laser cutting head gas path device that can prevent turbulence is needed.

[0003] For the reasons mentioned above, how to prevent turbulence is the problem that this application addresses. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, a high-power laser cutting head air path device is provided, which can prevent the generation of turbulence.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the following technical solution is provided:

[0006] A high-power laser cutting head gas path device includes a first fixing member with an air inlet for connecting a gas supply pipe and a second fixing member for placing a collimating lens. The second fixing member is fixedly connected to a connecting post for collimation and gas guidance. The connecting post is connected to a cutting head assembly. The cutting head assembly includes a gas guide for guiding auxiliary gas. The gas guide has an inner gas guide channel communicating with the connecting post and an outer gas guide channel connected to the end of the inner gas guide channel. A ventilation channel is provided between the inner and outer gas guide channels. A first one-way ventilation mechanism for blocking the ventilation channel is fixedly connected to the outer gas guide channel. The inner gas guide channel has multiple first air jets, and the outer gas guide channel has multiple second air jets.

[0007] In summary, the above technical solution has the following beneficial effects: the auxiliary gas is introduced into the laser cutting head through the air inlet of the first fixing member, and then enters the cutting head assembly through the second fixing member and the connecting column in sequence. In the cutting head assembly, it first flows through the inner air guide channel and forms a high-speed airflow at the first jet nozzle and is ejected. The high-speed airflow formed here is used to blow away debris. Since the inner air guide channel is not connected end to end, the possibility of turbulence caused by airflow collision can be reduced. However, at the same time, since the flow rate of the auxiliary gas is still very fast, and in order to ensure the flow rate of the gas when ejected from the first jet nozzle, the actual volume of the auxiliary gas in the inner air guide channel needs to be larger than the volume of the inner air guide channel, so that the volume of the auxiliary gas is forced to be compressed and the gas pressure becomes much larger, thereby reducing the loss of gas flow rate when ejected from the first jet nozzle.

[0008] However, this also means that the highly flowing auxiliary gas will generate turbulence again due to impact with the inner wall of the inner air guide channel. Therefore, an outer air guide channel connected to the end of the inner air guide channel is designed to guide excess auxiliary gas into the outer air guide channel. Under the action of the first one-way ventilation mechanism, it cannot flow back, thereby preventing the formation of turbulence. Since the first jet nozzle is close to the center of the cutting head assembly, the gas ejected from the first jet nozzle will blow away the debris, forming the first gas protective layer, which directly affects the effect of laser cutting. The gas ejected from the second jet nozzle through the outer air guide channel will not affect the effect of laser cutting due to the blocking effect of the gas ejected from the first jet nozzle. Therefore, the gas ejected from the second jet nozzle actually plays the role of depressurization, and the flow rate is lower than that of the gas ejected from the first jet nozzle. The second gas protective layer formed will not affect the blowing away of debris, and can also prevent external dust and debris from approaching the center of the laser.

[0009] This invention, through the two-layer configuration of an inner and outer air guide channel, plus the function of a first one-way ventilation mechanism, can effectively prevent turbulence in the gas within the air guide channel, thereby preventing airflow disturbances that would prevent the gas from being smoothly ejected from the nozzle. This allows dust and debris generated during laser cutting to be effectively kept away from the cutting point. The outer air guide channel, acting as a pressure relief mechanism, not only discharges excess gas but also indirectly ensures the effectiveness of the laser cutting operation. Attached Figure Description

[0010] Figure 1 A three-dimensional structural diagram of a high-power laser cutting head air circuit device;

[0011] Figure 2 An exploded view of the cutting head assembly;

[0012] Figure 3 This is a top view of the air guide component;

[0013] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of a safety valve;

[0014] Figure 5 This is a top view of the second rectifier ring;

[0015] Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional view of the second fastener and the connecting post;

[0016] Figure 7 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the second fastener;

[0017] Figure 8 This is a cross-sectional view of the second one-way ventilation mechanism.

[0018] Reference numerals: 1. First fixing member; 2. Second fixing member; 3. Connecting post; 4. Cutting head assembly;

[0019] 11. Air inlet;

[0020] 21. Fourth vent; 22. Mounting slot; 23. Mounting bracket; 24. Abutting element; 25. Flip cover; 26. Heat dissipation hole; 27. Second one-way ventilation mechanism;

[0021] 271. Elastic gasket; 272. Positioning element;

[0022] 31. Second airway; 32. Third airway;

[0023] 41. Air guide component; 42. Inner air guide channel; 43. Outer air guide channel; 44. Ventilation channel; 45. First rectifier ring; 46. Second rectifier ring; 47. Connector; 48. Nozzle; 49. Port;

[0024] 411. Upper sealing ring; 412. Lower sealing ring;

[0025] 421. First jet nozzle; 422. Barrier component;

[0026] 431. First one-way ventilation mechanism; 432. Second air outlet; 433. Safety valve; 434. Housing; 435. Safety plug; 436. Spring; 437. First ventilation channel;

[0027] 461. Third jet nozzle. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. Identical components are denoted by the same reference numerals. It should be noted that the terms "front," "rear," "left," "right," "upper," and "lower" used in the following description refer to directions in the accompanying drawings, and the terms "bottom surface," "top surface," "inner," and "outer" refer to directions toward or away from the geometric center of a specific component, respectively.

[0029] Reference Figure 1-8As shown, a high-power laser cutting head gas path device includes a first fixing member 1, which has an air inlet 11 for connecting to a gas supply pipe and is fixedly connected to a second fixing member 2 for placing a collimating lens. The second fixing member 2 is fixedly connected to a connecting post 3 for collimation and gas guidance. The connecting post 3 is connected to a cutting head assembly 4. The cutting head assembly 4 includes a gas guide member 41 for guiding auxiliary gas. The gas guide member 41 has an inner gas guide channel 42 communicating with the connecting post 3 and an outer gas guide channel 43 connected to the end of the inner gas guide channel 42. A ventilation channel 44 is provided between the inner gas guide channel 42 and the outer gas guide channel 43. A first one-way ventilation mechanism 431 for blocking the ventilation channel 44 is fixedly connected to the outer gas guide channel 43. The inner gas guide channel 42 has multiple first air jets 421, and the outer gas guide channel 43 has multiple second air jets 432.

[0030] The auxiliary gas is introduced into the laser cutting head through the air inlet 11 of the first fixing member 1, and then enters the cutting head assembly 4 through the second fixing member 2 and the connecting post 3 in sequence. In the cutting head assembly 4, it first flows through the inner air guide channel 42 and forms a high-speed airflow at the first jet nozzle 421 and is ejected. The high-speed airflow formed here is used to blow away debris. Since the inner air guide channel 42 is not connected end to end, the possibility of turbulence caused by airflow collision can be reduced. However, since the flow rate of the auxiliary gas is still very fast, and in order to ensure the flow rate of the gas when it is ejected from the first jet nozzle 421, the actual volume of the auxiliary gas in the inner air guide channel 42 needs to be larger than the volume of the inner air guide channel 42, so that the volume of the auxiliary gas is forced to be compressed and the gas pressure becomes much larger, thereby reducing the loss of gas flow rate when it is ejected from the first jet nozzle 421.

[0031] However, this also means that the highly flowing auxiliary gas will generate turbulence again due to impact with the inner wall of the inner air guide channel 42. Therefore, an outer air guide channel 43 connected to the end of the inner air guide channel 42 is designed to guide excess auxiliary gas into the outer air guide channel 43. Under the action of the first one-way ventilation mechanism 431, it cannot flow back, thereby preventing the formation of turbulence. Since the first jet nozzle 421 is close to the center of the cutting head assembly 4, the gas ejected from the first jet nozzle 421 will blow away the debris, forming the first gas protection layer, which directly affects the effect of laser cutting. The gas ejected from the second jet nozzle 432 through the outer air guide channel 43 will not affect the effect of laser cutting due to the blocking effect of the gas ejected from the first jet nozzle 421. Therefore, the gas ejected from the second jet nozzle 432 actually plays the role of depressurization, and the flow rate is lower than that of the gas ejected from the first jet nozzle 421. The second gas protection layer formed will not affect the blowing away of debris, and can also prevent external dust and debris from approaching the center of the laser.

[0032] This invention, through the two-layer configuration of the inner air guide channel 42 and the outer air guide channel 43, plus the function of the first one-way ventilation mechanism 431, can effectively prevent the gas in the air guide channel from generating turbulence, thereby preventing the airflow from being disordered and unable to be smoothly ejected from the nozzle, so that the dust and debris generated by the laser cutting operation can be effectively kept away from the cutting point. The outer air guide channel 43 acts as a pressure relief mechanism, which can indirectly ensure the effect of the laser cutting operation while expelling excess gas.

[0033] Furthermore, the cutting head assembly 4 also includes a first rectifier ring 45 that is detachably connected to both the connecting post 3 and the air guide 41. The first rectifier ring 45 is detachably connected to a connector 47 and a second rectifier ring 46 that surrounds the connector 47. The connector 47 is detachably connected to a nozzle 48.

[0034] In addition to fixing the position of the gas guide 41 relative to the connecting column 3, the first rectifier ring 45 can also rectify the auxiliary gas ejected from the second jet nozzle 432 so that the direction of the ejected gas is consistent with the direction of the laser emission, thus preventing interference with the laser cutting operation. The second rectifier ring 46 has the same function.

[0035] Furthermore, the air guide 41 has a passage 49 in the middle for the laser to pass through, the inner air guide channel 42 is annular and surrounds the passage 49, the inner air guide channel 42 is fixedly connected with a barrier 422 to block the connection between the beginning and end, the outer air guide channel 43 is C-shaped and surrounds the inner air guide channel 42, a plurality of first jet nozzles 421 are arranged in a ring array in the inner air guide channel 42, and a plurality of second jet nozzles 432 are away from the air passage 44 and are arranged in the outer air guide channel 43;

[0036] Neither the inner gas guide channel 42 nor the outer gas guide channel 43 is connected end to end, which can prevent turbulence. After entering the inner gas guide channel 42, the auxiliary gas will pass through the ventilation channel 44 into the outer gas guide channel 43. Since the ventilation channel 44 is small, the gas flows at a relatively high velocity when entering the outer gas guide channel 43, which will impact the inner wall of the outer gas guide channel 43 and cause vibration. Therefore, the second jet nozzle 432 is not arranged in a ring array, but is arranged far away from the ventilation channel 44. In this way, the direction of the gas impacting the inner wall of the outer gas guide channel 43 at the second jet nozzle 432 will be nearly opposite to the direction of the impact generated in the ventilation channel 44, thereby reducing the vibration intensity caused by the impact and enhancing the stability of the laser operation.

[0037] Furthermore, the external air passage 43 can also be detachably connected to a safety valve 433 detachably connected to the connector 47. The safety valve 433 includes a housing 434, a safety plug 435 is slidably connected to the housing 434, and a spring 436 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the housing 434. The side of the housing 434 is also provided with a first air passage 437 extending to the bottom of the housing 434 and communicating with the inside and outside of the housing 434.

[0038] When the safety plug 435 is not contained in the housing 434, the first vent 437 is blocked by the safety plug 435, and the gas in the external vent 43 cannot flow out to the outside through the housing 434.

[0039] When the safety plug 435 is housed in the housing 434, the first vent 437 is no longer blocked by the safety plug 435, and the gas in the external vent 43 can flow out to the outside through the housing 434.

[0040] Safety valve 433 prevents excessive air pressure inside external air passage 43, serving as an emergency pressure relief mechanism. When the air pressure inside external air passage 43 is too high, safety plug 435 will move towards the inside of housing 434 under the action of air pressure and compress spring 436. When safety plug 435 moves to the bottom of housing 434, the inlet of first air passage 437 is no longer blocked by safety plug 435. At this time, first air passage 437 connects external air passage 43 and the outside of safety valve 433, thereby venting gas. When the air pressure inside external air passage 43 drops to a normal level, safety plug 435 moves away from housing 434 under the action of spring 436 and re-blocks first air passage 437, preventing first air passage 437 from connecting external air passage 43 and the outside of safety valve 433, thereby ensuring safety during high-power laser cutting operations.

[0041] Furthermore, the second rectifier ring 46 is also provided with a third jet nozzle 461 arranged in a ring array;

[0042] After being rectified by the second rectifier ring 46, the gas is ejected from the third jet nozzle 461 in a beam shape. There are certain gaps between each jet of gas, which allows the blown debris to pass through along the airflow reflected by the workpiece, and together with the airflow reflected by the workpiece, a second gas protective layer is formed.

[0043] Furthermore, the air guide 41 can also be detachably connected to an upper sealing ring 411 that abuts against the connecting post 3 and a lower sealing ring 412 that abuts against the connecting member 47;

[0044] The upper sealing ring 411 and the lower sealing ring 412 work together to prevent gaps, thereby ensuring stable ejection of auxiliary gas and preventing interference with laser cutting operations.

[0045] Furthermore, the connecting column 3 is provided with a second air passage 31 that communicates with the inner air passage 42 and a third air passage 32 that communicates with the second rectifier ring 46. The second air passage 31 extends to the first fixing member 1 and communicates with the air inlet 11. The second fixing member 2 is provided with a fourth air passage 21 that communicates with the third air passage 32 and a plurality of mounting slots 22 that communicate with the fourth air passage 21 and are used to place collimating lenses.

[0046] During high-power cutting operations, a large amount of heat will accumulate at the collimating lens. In addition to the high-speed flowing auxiliary gas from the first jet port 421 and the second jet port 432, a large amount of gas will accumulate and cannot be discharged in time. Therefore, the accumulated gas is discharged from the device through the third vent 32, the fourth vent 21 and the mounting slot 22 in sequence. This not only relieves pressure again, but also dissipates heat from the collimating lens.

[0047] Furthermore, the mounting slot 22 is slidably connected to a mounting bracket 23 for mounting a collimating lens, and the mounting bracket 23 is fixedly connected to an abutment 24 for easy handling.

[0048] Furthermore, the second fixing member 2 is also rotatably connected to a flip cover 25, which is provided with multiple heat dissipation holes 26, and a second one-way ventilation mechanism 27 for sealing the heat dissipation holes 26 is also installed on the flip cover 25.

[0049] The flip cover 25 is used to prevent the mounting bracket 23 from falling off. In addition, in conjunction with the second one-way ventilation mechanism 27, it can form a certain degree of sealed space, which can only exhaust the internal gas and prevent the external gas from flowing in, thereby playing a role in dust prevention.

[0050] Furthermore, the second one-way ventilation mechanism 27 includes an elastic gasket 271 for blocking the heat dissipation hole 26. Both ends of the elastic gasket 271 are fixedly connected to positioning members 272 that are fixedly connected to the flip cover 25. The structure of the first one-way ventilation mechanism 431 is the same as that of the second one-way ventilation mechanism 27.

[0051] When the internal gas impacts the elastic gasket 271, the flowing gas pushes the elastic gasket 271 up, and the middle of the elastic gasket 271 deforms. Therefore, except for the two ends fixed by the positioning member 272, the edges of the elastic gasket 271 are far away from the flip cover 25, thereby allowing the internal gas to be discharged.

[0052] When the external gas impacts the elastic gasket 271, the elastic gasket 271 comes into contact with the flip cover 25 and cannot deform, so air cannot enter.

[0053] The working principle of the first one-way ventilation mechanism 431 is the same as that of the second one-way ventilation mechanism 27.

[0054] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. All technical solutions falling within the scope of the present invention's concept are within the scope of protection of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, any improvements and modifications made without departing from the principles of the present invention should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high power laser cutting head gas circuit arrangement, characterized by, The device includes a first fixing member (1) with an air inlet (11) for connecting to an air supply pipe, and a second fixing member (2) for placing a collimating lens is fixedly connected to the first fixing member (1). The second fixing member (2) is fixedly connected to a connecting post (3) for collimation and air guidance. The connecting post (3) is connected to a cutting head assembly (4). The cutting head assembly (4) includes an air guide (41) for guiding auxiliary gas. The air guide (41) has an opening that connects to the connecting post (3). An internal air guide channel (42) and an external air guide channel (43) connected to the end of the internal air guide channel (42) are provided. A ventilation channel (44) is provided between the internal air guide channel (42) and the external air guide channel (43). A first one-way ventilation mechanism (431) for blocking the ventilation channel (44) is fixedly connected to the external air guide channel (43). The internal air guide channel (42) is provided with a plurality of first jet ports (421), and the external air guide channel (43) is provided with a plurality of second jet ports (432). The air guide (41) has a passage (49) in the middle for laser to pass through. The inner air guide channel (42) is annular and surrounds the passage (49). The inner air guide channel (42) is fixedly connected with a barrier (422) to block the connection between the beginning and end. The outer air guide channel (43) is C-shaped and surrounds the inner air guide channel (42). A plurality of first jet nozzles (421) are arranged in a ring array in the inner air guide channel (42). A plurality of second jet nozzles (432) are away from the air passage (44) and are arranged in the outer air guide channel (43).

2. The high-power laser cutting head gas path device of claim 1, wherein, The cutting head assembly (4) further includes a first rectifier ring (45) that is detachably connected to the connecting post (3) and the air guide (41). The first rectifier ring (45) is detachably connected to a connector (47) and a second rectifier ring (46) arranged around the connector (47). The connector (47) is detachably connected to a nozzle (48).

3. The high-power laser cutting head gas path apparatus of claim 2, wherein, The second rectifier ring (46) is also provided with a third jet nozzle (461) arranged in a ring array.

4. The high-power laser cutting head gas path apparatus of claim 1, wherein, The external air passage (43) can also be detachably connected to a safety valve (433) detachably connected to the connector (47). The safety valve (433) includes a housing (434). The housing (434) is slidably connected to a safety plug (435). The safety plug (435) is fixedly connected to a spring (436) fixedly connected to the bottom of the housing (434). The side of the housing (434) is also provided with a first air passage (437) extending to the bottom of the housing (434) and communicating with the inside and outside of the housing (434). When the safety plug (435) is not contained in the housing (434), the first vent (437) is blocked by the safety plug (435), and the gas in the external venting channel (43) cannot flow out to the outside through the housing (434); When the safety plug (435) is housed in the housing (434), the first vent (437) is no longer blocked by the safety plug (435), and the gas in the external venting channel (43) can flow out to the outside through the housing (434).

5. The high-power laser cutting head air path device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The air guide (41) can also be detachably connected to an upper sealing ring (411) that abuts against the connecting post (3) and a lower sealing ring (412) that abuts against the connecting member (47).

6. The high-power laser cutting head gas path device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The connecting column (3) is provided with a second air passage (31) communicating with the inner air guide channel (42) and a third air passage (32) communicating with the second rectifier ring (46). The second air passage (31) extends to the first fixing member (1) and communicates with the air inlet (11). The second fixing member (2) is provided with a fourth air passage (21) communicating with the third air passage (32) and a plurality of mounting slots (22) communicating with the fourth air passage (21) and used for placing collimating lenses.

7. The high-power laser cutting head air path device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The mounting slot (22) is slidably connected to a mounting bracket (23) for mounting a collimating lens, and the mounting bracket (23) is fixedly connected to an abutment (24) for easy handling.

8. The high-power laser cutting head gas path device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second fixing member (2) is also rotatably connected to a flip cover (25), which has multiple heat dissipation holes (26) and a second one-way ventilation mechanism (27) for sealing the heat dissipation holes (26) is also installed on the flip cover (25).

9. The high-power laser cutting head gas path device according to claim 8, characterized in that, The second one-way ventilation mechanism (27) includes an elastic gasket (271) for sealing the heat dissipation hole (26). Both ends of the elastic gasket (271) are fixedly connected to positioning members (272) that are fixedly connected to the flip cover (25). The structure of the first one-way ventilation mechanism (431) is the same as that of the second one-way ventilation mechanism (27).

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