A multi-stage swash plate compressor comprehensive experimental device

Abstract

The application is a kind of multi-stage swash plate compressor comprehensive experimental device, which adopts servo motor to drive gapless ball screw to drive the piston of each stage independent cylinder assembly to carry out linear reciprocating motion, and through the variable volume cavity between stages, the gas inlet and outlet of each cylinder assembly are connected in series to reproduce the gas circuit of multi-stage swash plate compressor. The accurate control of servo motor and the accurate transmission of gapless ball screw can accurately control the linear reciprocating motion of the piston, reproduce the motion of the piston under different phase distribution, different stroke and different cylinder clearance of multi-stage swash plate compressor structure parameters, and truly simulate the influence of structure parameters such as cylinder phase, piston stroke and cylinder clearance on the compression process of multi-stage swash plate compressor. At the same time, the variable volume cavity between stages also provides experimental verification conditions for studying the influence of the size of the volume cavity between stages of multi-stage swash plate compressor on the compression process. The application can provide experimental condition support with high key structure parameter coverage and low cost for the design and research of multi-stage swash plate compressor, and has important significance for the research and development of multi-stage swash plate compressor.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of compressors and is applicable to experimental research on the optimization of structural parameters of multi-stage swashplate compressors. Background Technology

[0002] Swashplate compressors, with their compact structure and light weight, are widely used in automotive refrigeration systems, accounting for over 80% of all automotive air conditioning compressors. With the increasing demand for high-pressure, lightweight, and miniaturized compressors in mobile and aerospace equipment, swashplate compressors, due to their compact structure and multiple circumferentially distributed pistons, have been developed into multi-stage swashplate high-pressure compressors. Unlike single-stage swashplate compressors, multi-stage swashplate compressors have pistons with different diameters, and the pistons are not necessarily uniformly and symmetrically distributed circumferentially. The high and low pressure stage piston chambers are connected in unidirectional series via valves and interstage chambers to achieve progressive compression. The circumferential phase distribution of each piston, piston stroke, interstage volume, and clearance volume all significantly affect the compressor's performance and mechanical characteristics. While compressor modeling and simulation can simulate the impact of these structural parameters, engineering applications require experimental verification. However, structural parameters are infinitely variable; manufacturing compressors with different structural parameters for experimental verification would be extremely costly and would not provide comprehensive coverage of structural parameter variations. To achieve low-cost, high-coverage experimental verification of the influence of structural parameters of multi-stage swashplate compressors on the compressor compression process, a multi-stage swashplate compressor test apparatus with variable structural parameters is particularly important. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of the above problems, the purpose of this invention is to provide a comprehensive experimental device for multi-stage swashplate compressors. This device provides an experimental research platform for the influence of structural parameters on the performance and mechanical characteristics of multi-stage swashplate compressors. It tests the performance and mechanical characteristics of multi-stage swashplate compressors under different phase distributions of each cylinder stage, different piston strokes, and different interstage volumes. This provides experimental support with high coverage of key structural parameters and low cost for the design and research of multi-stage swashplate compressors. The comprehensive experimental device for multi-stage swashplate compressors provided by this invention uses a servo motor to drive a backlash-free ball screw, which in turn drives the piston in reciprocating motion. It utilizes variable interstage cavities to connect each cylinder stage in series, and controls the rotation of each servo motor to achieve piston movement under different phases and strokes, infinitely reproducing the compressor's operating conditions under different phases, strokes, and clearances. The interstage volume can be adjusted by replacing interstage pipelines with different volumes. This experimental device is of great significance for deeply understanding and verifying the coupling effect between the preceding and following stages of a multi-stage swashplate compressor and the influence of structural parameters on the compressor, providing experimental support for the research and development of multi-stage swashplate compressors.

[0004] Therefore, the present invention provides a comprehensive experimental device for a multi-stage swashplate compressor, comprising: a fixed platform 1, a first-stage compression cylinder assembly 2, an intake filter 3, a first-stage temperature and pressure sensor 4, a variable cavity between the first and second stages 5, a second-stage compression cylinder assembly 6, a second-stage temperature and pressure sensor 7, a variable cavity between the second and third stages 8, a third-stage compression cylinder assembly 9, a third-stage temperature and pressure sensor 10, a variable cavity between the third and fourth stages 11, a fourth-stage compression cylinder assembly 12, a fourth-stage temperature and pressure sensor 13, a valve block 14, a gas cylinder 15, an overflow valve 16, a temperature and pressure sensor 17, a servo motor 18, a motor mounting base 19, a linear drive housing 20, a transition component 21, a linear actuator 22, a mechanical limit stop 23, a linear bearing 24, a force sensor 25, a piston rod 26, a coupling 27, a nut 28, a bearing and end cap 29, a lead screw 30, a lead screw nut 31, a slider 32, a guide rail 33, and a transition flange 34. The variable-volume compressor gas circuit device consists of a first-stage compression cylinder assembly, an intake filter, a first-stage temperature and pressure sensor, a first- and second-stage interstage variable volume cavity, a second-stage compression cylinder assembly, a second-stage temperature and pressure sensor, a second- and third-stage interstage variable volume cavity, a third-stage compression cylinder assembly, a third-stage temperature and pressure sensor, a third- and fourth-stage interstage variable volume cavity, a fourth-stage compression cylinder assembly, a fourth-stage temperature and pressure sensor, a valve block, a gas cylinder, an overflow valve, and a temperature and pressure sensor. The servo motor, motor mounting base, linear drive housing, transition components, linear actuator, mechanical limit stop, linear bearing, force sensor, piston rod, coupling, nut, bearing and end cover, lead screw, lead screw nut, slider, guide rail, and transition flange together form a piston linear drive assembly with variable stroke, variable speed, and variable phase.

[0005] The gas circuit of the multi-stage swashplate compressor integrated experimental setup includes multiple compression cylinder assemblies with different pressure levels. Each stage compression cylinder assembly is equipped with a temperature and pressure sensor. The cylinder assemblies are connected via variable-capacity cavities, and are sequentially connected in series from low to high pressure levels to achieve multi-stage compression. After the final stage compression, the high-pressure gas is discharged into a gas cylinder. An overflow valve is connected to the internal cavity of the gas cylinder to ensure that the gas pressure in the cylinder does not exceed a safe value. In the gas circuit, the piston size and valve parameters of each compression cylinder assembly are designed according to the piston and valve parameters of each stage of an actual multi-stage swashplate compressor to maximize the replication of the performance of an actual multi-stage swashplate compressor. The pressure of each stage of the multi-stage swashplate compressor is not only related to its own compression and expansion process, but also has a coupling relationship with the pressure of the preceding and following compression chambers. The addition of interstage variable-capacity cavities provides a buffer cavity between each stage compression chamber. By changing the volume of the variable-capacity cavities, the influence of the interstage volume on the pressure of each compression cylinder can be studied to improve the dynamic characteristics of the multi-stage swashplate compressor. The temperature and pressure sensors of the gas cylinder and the temperature and pressure sensors of each stage of the cylinder can track and measure the gas temperature and pressure status signals in the experimental gas circuit, providing data support for evaluating the performance of the compressor.

[0006] The piston drive device of the multi-stage swashplate compressor integrated experimental setup includes multiple sets of linear piston drive units to drive pistons at different pressure levels. The drive assembly uses a servo motor as the power source, and a backlash-free ball screw transmission pair converts the motor's rotation into the reciprocating linear motion of the linear actuator, which in turn drives the piston to reciprocate and compress the gas. Utilizing the precise controllability of the servo motor and the precise transmission of the backlash-free ball screw, the reciprocating motion of the piston can be precisely controlled, replicating the piston movement under different phases, strokes, and clearances of the swashplate compressor's structural parameters. This realistically simulates the influence of structural parameters such as cylinder phase, piston stroke, and cylinder clearance on compressor performance. To ensure smooth and stable linear reciprocating motion, the linear actuator is connected to the guide rail slider via a transition piece. The linear actuator, transition piece, and slider together form a sliding pair with the guide rail. Simultaneously, the linear actuator is placed within a linear bearing hole, which not only provides support but also guides the linear actuator. The end of the linear actuator is connected to the force sensor via a transition flange, and the right side of the force sensor is connected to the piston rod via flange face screws. The introduction of the force sensor can measure the real-time changes in the driving force required by the piston rod, providing experimental data support for the dynamic analysis of the compressor.

[0007] This invention is a comprehensive experimental device for a multi-stage swashplate compressor. It employs a servo motor and a backlash-free ball screw to linearly reciprocate the piston of a single-stage cylinder assembly. A variable-volume interstage cavity is used to sequentially connect the cylinder assemblies from the low-pressure stage to the high-pressure stage, replicating the multi-stage compressed gas circuit. Utilizing precise and controllable servo motor drive technology and the multi-stage compressed gas circuit, the compression process of a multi-stage swashplate compressor can be realistically reproduced. During compression, various state variables of the multi-stage swashplate compressor experimental device can be measured using force sensors in each stage drive assembly, temperature and pressure sensors in each stage compression cylinder, and temperature and pressure sensors in the gas cylinder. Based on this invention, experimental testing of multi-stage swashplate compressors with different phase distributions, strokes, clearances, and interstage cavities can be performed, providing high-coverage and low-cost experimental support for the design and research of multi-stage swashplate compressors. Attached Figure Description

[0008] The invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Wherein:

[0009] Figure 1 is a general layout diagram of a multi-stage swashplate compressor integrated experimental apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0010] Figure 2 is a layout diagram of a piston linear drive device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0011] Figure 3 is a detailed schematic diagram of a piston linear drive device according to an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0012] The following will describe in detail, with reference to the accompanying drawings, specific embodiments of the present invention for a four-stage swashplate compressor. It should be understood that the embodiments described below are merely exemplary and not restrictive.

[0013] like Figures 1-3 As shown, the multi-stage swashplate compressor experimental setup includes: a fixed platform 1, a first-stage compression cylinder assembly 2, a suction filter 3, a first-stage temperature and pressure sensor 4, a variable volume chamber between the first and second stages 5, a second-stage compression cylinder assembly 6, a second-stage temperature and pressure sensor 7, a variable volume chamber between the second and third stages 8, a third-stage compression cylinder assembly 9, a third-stage temperature and pressure sensor 10, a variable volume chamber between the third and fourth stages 11, a fourth-stage compression cylinder assembly 12, a fourth-stage temperature and pressure sensor 13, a valve block 14, a gas cylinder 15, an overflow valve 16, a temperature and pressure sensor 17, a servo motor 18, a motor mounting base 19, a linear drive housing 20, a transition piece 21, a linear actuator 22, a mechanical limit stop 23, a linear bearing 24, a force sensor 25, a piston rod 26, a coupling 27, a nut 28, a bearing and end cap 29, a lead screw 30, a lead screw nut 31, a slider 32, a guide rail 33, and a transition flange 34.

[0014] like Figure 1 As shown, the piston drive assemblies, cylinder assemblies, and valve block 14 are all bolted to the platform 1 with trapezoidal grooves. The first-stage cylinder assembly is threadedly connected to an intake filter 3, a first-stage temperature and pressure sensor 4, and a variable-volume chamber 5 between the first and second stages. The variable-volume chamber 5 connects the exhaust port of the first-stage compression cylinder assembly 2 to the intake port of the second-stage compression cylinder assembly 6. Similar to the first-stage compression cylinder assembly 2, the second-stage compression cylinder assembly 6, the third-stage compression cylinder assembly 9, and the fourth-stage compression cylinder assembly 12 are threadedly connected to each other to have a second-stage temperature and pressure sensor 7, a third-stage temperature and pressure sensor 10, and a fourth-stage temperature and pressure sensor 13, respectively. The second-stage compression cylinder assembly 6 and the third-stage compression cylinder assembly 9 are connected via a variable-volume chamber 8 between the second and third stages, and the third-stage compression cylinder assembly 9 and the fourth-stage compression cylinder assembly 12 are connected via a variable-volume chamber 8 between the third and fourth stages. The exhaust port of the four-stage compression cylinder assembly 12 is connected to the gas passage in the valve block 14 via a pipe, thereby discharging high-pressure gas into the gas cylinder 15. The overflow valve 16 is connected to the internal cavity of the gas cylinder 15 to ensure that the gas pressure in the gas cylinder 15 does not exceed the safe value. The temperature and pressure sensor 17 is installed at the tail of the gas cylinder 15 via a threaded connection to measure the pressure and temperature of the gas in the gas cylinder 15. The gas circuit of the multi-stage swashplate compressor is reproduced by using multiple cylinder assemblies connected in series with interstage variable cavities. The interstage variable cavities can be selected with different volumes according to experimental needs.

[0015] like Figure 2 and Figure 3As shown, the servo motor 18 is connected to the motor mounting base 19 via a flange face. The motor mounting base 19 is fixed to the linear drive housing 20 via flange face screws. The linear drive housing 20 is fixed to the platform 1 with a trapezoidal groove via bolts. The output shaft of the servo motor 18 transmits angular displacement and torque to the lead screw 30 via a coupling 27. The bearing and end cover 29 are fixed to the linear drive housing 20 via flange face screws. The bearing and end cover 29 not only provide rotational support for the lead screw 30 but also, in conjunction with the nut 28, provide axial positioning for the lead screw 30. The lead screw 30 and the lead screw nut 31 form a lead screw transmission pair. The lead screw 30 does not produce axial displacement. The lead screw nut 31 is fixed to the linear actuator 22 via screws and drives the linear actuator 22 to reciprocate linearly. The linear actuator 22 is supported by a linear bearing 24 and a slider 32. The guide rail 33 is fixed to the linear drive housing 20 by hexagonal socket head cap screws. The linear actuator 22 is fixed to the transition member 21 by a setter. The transition member 21 and the slider 32 are also connected by screws. The linear actuator 22, the transition member 21, and the slider 32 together with the guide rail 33 form a linear sliding pair. The linear bearing 24 is fixed to the linear drive housing 20 by flange screws. The linear displacement and force of the linear actuator 22 are transmitted to the piston rod 26 via the transition flange 34 and the force sensor 25, ultimately realizing the reciprocating linear drive of the piston rod 26 by the servo motor 18. The linear actuator 22 is fixed to the transition flange 34 by a threaded connection. The piston rod 26 and the transition flange 34 are both fixed to the force sensor 25 by flange screws. The mechanical limit stop 23 can move along the U-shaped hole on the linear drive housing 20. After moving to the designated position, the mechanical limit stop 23 can be locked in that position by rotating the knob of the mechanical limit stop 23. This provides a mechanical limit for the linear actuator 22 to prevent the piston from colliding with the cylinder due to excessive stroke. By controlling the rotation of each stage of the servo motor 18 and the initial position of the piston rod, piston movements with different phases, strokes, and clearances can be reproduced.

[0016] This invention introduces an experimental setup using a four-stage swashplate compressor as an example. Experimental setups for swashplate compressors with different numbers of stages can be implemented using a linear drive device coupled with variable-capacity interstage cylinder assemblies connected in series. Based on this disclosure, many variations in the configuration and operational sequences of the illustrated and explanatory features will be apparent to those skilled in the art. Therefore, it should be understood that various modifications can be made to this patent without departing from the spirit and scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A comprehensive experimental apparatus for a multi-stage swashplate compressor, characterized in that... Includes a fixed platform (1), a primary compression cylinder assembly (2), an intake filter (3), a primary temperature and pressure sensor (4), a variable volume chamber between primary and secondary stages (5), a secondary compression cylinder assembly (6), a secondary temperature and pressure sensor (7), a variable volume chamber between secondary and tertiary stages (8), a tertiary compression cylinder assembly (9), a tertiary temperature and pressure sensor (10), a variable volume chamber between tertiary and quaternary stages (11), a quaternary compression cylinder assembly (12), a quaternary temperature and pressure sensor (13), a valve block (14), a gas cylinder (15), and an overflow valve. Flow valve (16), temperature and pressure sensor (17), servo motor (18), motor mounting base (19), linear drive housing (20), transition piece (21), linear actuator (22), mechanical limit stop (23), linear bearing (24), force sensor (25), piston rod (26), coupling (27), nut (28), bearing and end cover (29), lead screw (30), lead screw nut (31), slider (32), guide rail (33) and transition flange (34); The first-stage compression cylinder assembly (2) is connected to the second-stage compression cylinder assembly (6), the second-stage compression cylinder assembly (6) is connected to the third-stage compression cylinder assembly (9), and the third-stage compression cylinder assembly (9) is connected to the fourth-stage compression cylinder assembly (12) via the first-stage and second-stage variable cavity (5), the second-stage and third-stage variable cavity (8), and the third-stage and fourth-stage variable cavity (11), respectively. They are connected in series from low pressure level to high pressure level to achieve multi-stage compression. After being compressed by the fourth-stage compression cylinder assembly (12), the high-pressure gas is discharged into the gas cylinder (15). The overflow valve (16) is connected to the internal cavity of the gas cylinder (15) to ensure that the gas cylinder (15) is in good working order. The gas pressure in the middle is not higher than the safety value, realizing the construction of the gas circuit of the four-stage swashplate compressor stage; the setting of the first and second stage interstage variable cavity (5), the second and third stage interstage variable cavity (8), and the third and fourth stage interstage variable cavity (11) not only connects the front and rear cylinder compression components, but the variable cavity provided can also provide experimental verification conditions for studying the influence of the interstage cavity of the multi-stage swashplate compressor on the compression process; the first stage temperature and pressure sensor (4), the second stage temperature and pressure sensor (7), the third stage temperature and pressure sensor (10), the fourth stage temperature and pressure sensor (13), and the temperature and pressure sensor (17) provide data support for the experimental research of the multi-stage swashplate compressor; The piston drive device of the multi-stage swashplate compressor integrated experimental device includes multiple sets of piston linear drive devices to drive pistons of different pressure levels. The piston linear drive device uses a servo motor (18) as the power source and uses a backlash-free ball screw transmission pair to convert the rotation of the servo motor (18) into the reciprocating linear motion of the linear actuator (22), which in turn drives the piston rod (26) to reciprocate linearly to achieve gas compression. The precise controllability of the servo motor (18) and the precise transmission of the backlash-free ball screw can accurately control the reciprocating motion of the piston, reproduce the piston movement under the structural parameters of the swashplate compressor with different phases, different strokes, and different clearances, and realistically simulate the influence of structural parameters including cylinder phase, piston stroke, and cylinder clearance on the compression process of the multi-stage swashplate compressor. The linear actuator (22), transition piece (21), and slider (32) are fixedly connected by screws and form a sliding pair with the guide rail (33). The linear bearing (24) also provides support for the linear actuator (22) and forms a sliding pair with it. The two sliding pairs together ensure the smooth movement of the linear actuator (22). The force sensor (25) can measure the real-time changes in the driving force required by the piston rod (26) at different pressure levels, providing experimental data support for the dynamic analysis of the multi-stage swashplate compressor. The mechanical limit block (23) can move along the U-shaped hole on the housing (20) of the linear drive device. The limit block can be locked and fixed by the knob of the mechanical limit block (23), which can provide mechanical limit for the linear actuator (22) to prevent the piston stroke from being too large and causing cylinder collision. Experimental setups for swashplate compressors of different stages can be implemented by driving multiple cylinder assemblies of different pressure levels with multiple sets of linear drive devices. The gas circuit of the multi-stage swashplate compressor is reproduced by connecting the compression cylinder assemblies of each stage in series with the interstage variable cavity, thereby providing experimental conditions for multi-stage swashplate compressors with variable phase, variable stroke, variable clearance, and variable interstage cavity.

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