A method for making a cast of a palmar artery with shaping and embedding a prototype

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of palm artery casting, and discloses a palm artery casting manufacturing and prototype embedding method with modeling, wherein the palm artery casting manufactured through the method has high transparency, no air bubbles, consistent modeling and design, can clearly observe the pipeline running and distribution of the internal blood vessel casting, can reserve the surface skin texture according to needs, and can clearly observe the space adjacency relationship between the blood vessel casting and the epidermis and joints.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of palmar artery casting technology, and more specifically, to a method for fabricating a shaped palmar artery casting and embedding the prototype. Background Technology

[0002] Human vascular cast specimens are exquisite and aesthetically pleasing, and their shape roughly matches that of the specimen before corrosion. Previous methods for preserving cast specimens primarily employed formaldehyde preservation and cubic crystal embedding, both aimed at protecting the cast from damage. However, these methods failed to clearly demonstrate the relationship between the cast structure and the fine details of the surface morphology, as well as the joints. Furthermore, they could not show the spatial relationships between the cast and the surface, or between the joints, under different shapes. In contrast, the creation of a shaped palmar artery cast and the prototype embedding method not only demonstrates the spatial relationships between the vascular cast and the human body's surface texture, as well as between the joints, but also clearly shows the spatial relationships between the vascular cast and the surface and joints under different shapes. This provides a visually intuitive model for clinical diagnosis and treatment, anatomical teaching, research, and popular science.

[0003] Therefore, this invention proposes a method for fabricating a shaped palmar artery mold and embedding the prototype to solve the above-mentioned technical problems. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to overcome the above-mentioned defects in the prior art, the present invention provides a method for fabricating and embedding a shaped palm artery casting. The palm artery casting produced by this method has high transparency, no air bubbles, and a shape consistent with the design. The channel course and distribution of the internal blood vessel casting can be clearly observed, and the spatial proximity relationship between the blood vessel casting and the epidermis and joints can be clearly observed.

[0005] The above-mentioned technical objective of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solution: a method for fabricating and embedding a shaped palmar artery mold, comprising the following steps:

[0006] S1. Specimen pretreatment: Arrange the specimen in the desired shape and freeze it in a refrigerator to fix it;

[0007] S2. Using a hand shape as a model, silicone as a mold, and plaster as a base, create the yin-yang embedding mold. This includes the following steps:

[0008] (1) Determine the midline: The midline is the widest point on the ulnar and radial sides, which serves as the boundary between the yin and yang membranes;

[0009] (2) Making the clay base: On a piece of plexiglass, use clay as the base to wrap the specimen behind the center line, leaving the forearm end unwrapped as the entrance and exit for AB glue to drip in. The outer circumference of the mold should be at least 2cm away from the specimen, and the bottom thickness should be at least 1cm away from the specimen. Clean and tidy the surface, bottom and sides of the clay, and dig a deep groove on the clay surface 1cm away from the specimen. After completion, freeze the whole thing for 24 hours to maintain the fixed shape and texture of the palm specimen.

[0010] (3) Make the first silicone mold: spread a layer of silicone on the exposed specimen and the oil soil base, let it stand for 30 minutes, then brush another layer, and spread a layer of gauze on the silicone surface that was just brushed, and then brush the gauze surface twice more, with an interval of 30 minutes each time. After completion, trim the silicone mold so that its edge is flush with the edge of the base. After completion, freeze the whole thing for 24 hours to maintain the fixed shape and texture of the palm specimen.

[0011] (4) Make the first plaster base: wrap the clay base with cardboard tightly against the plexiglass plate to form a column shape. The height should be at least 2cm higher than the highest point of the silicone mold. Fix the joint with staples and tape. Then pour the prepared plaster evenly into the filling until it is 2cm above the highest point of the silicone mold. Smooth the plaster surface. After the plaster has hardened, freeze the whole thing for 24 hours to maintain the fixed shape and texture of the palm specimen.

[0012] (5) Making the second silicone mold: Turn the entire mold with the specimen upside down, place the plaster side on the plexiglass plate, remove the clay base, apply a layer of Vaseline to the surface of the silicone mold, then lay a layer of prepared silicone on the exposed specimen and silicone surface, let it stand for 30 minutes, then brush another layer, and lay a layer of gauze on the silicone surface that was just brushed, then brush the gauze surface twice more, with an interval of 30 minutes. After completion, trim the silicone mold so that its edge is flush with the edge of the other piece. After completion, freeze the whole thing for 24 hours to maintain the fixed shape and texture of the palm specimen.

[0013] (6) Make the second plaster base: wrap the plaster base with cardboard tightly against the plexiglass plate to form a column shape. The height should be at least 2cm higher than the highest point of the silicone mold. Fix the joint with staples and tape. Then pour the prepared plaster evenly to fill it to 2cm above the highest point of the silicone mold. Smooth the plaster surface. After the plaster has cured, remove the mold and take out the specimen.

[0014] S3. Specimen perfusion and etching: After the mold is made, the specimen is removed and thawed at room temperature. After it is completely thawed, a glass tube is inserted into the stump of the brachial artery. First, about 50 ml of 20% perchlorate is used for perfusion. Then, 25% perchlorate is used to replenish the perfusion every 2 hours for 4 consecutive times. For the 5th perfusion, 30% perchlorate is used. After 2 hours, the brachial artery is ligated, the glass tube inserted into the brachial artery is removed, and the specimen is placed into the silicone mold for morphological fixation. After 24 hours, the specimen is placed in a freezer. After it is completely frozen, the specimen is removed. Glue is applied to the joints where the morphology has changed significantly compared to the normal anatomical structure to reinforce the shape. Then, it is placed in hydrochloric acid for etching for 7 days. The arterial vascular cast is removed, rinsed clean, and air-dried.

[0015] S4. Fixing the vascular casting and mold: Based on the anatomical position and curvature of the structure, place the vascular casting specimen into the silicone mold, then cover it with a plaster base, wrap a rubber tube around the outside of the plaster base to make the edge of the silicone mold fit tightly, and then place it upright with the forearm end facing upwards, so that the opening of the silicone mold and the plaster base is directly above.

[0016] S5. Preparation and Pouring of Crystal AB Glue: Mix 600ml of slow-drying crystal epoxy resin A and 200ml of epoxy resin B in a 1000ml plastic container. Use an electric mixer to thoroughly mix the AB glue and eliminate air bubbles. Slowly pour the AB glue through the inlet and outlet along the inner wall of the mold to 1-2cm above the specimen and then stop. Check for glue leakage at the mold joints. If leakage occurs, add rubber tubing around the corresponding position to ensure the silicone mold edge is tight. After no obvious leakage is found, cover the lower end of the silicone mold and plaster base with a plastic film bag, and then place it in a water tank with the openings of the silicone mold and plaster base facing upwards. Add water to the water tank, ensuring the water level is below the top of the plaster base and that the plastic film bag is dry. Use water pressure to press the plastic film bag tightly against the mold to seal any small leaks, and then let it stand for 48 hours.

[0017] S6. Surface smoothing treatment.

[0018] Furthermore, in step S4, the broken ends of the blood vessel casting are trimmed so that the distance between the highest point of the blood vessel casting and the top of the silicone mold is greater than 2cm.

[0019] Furthermore, in step S5, the method for eliminating air bubbles in the AB glue is as follows: use a vacuum pump at 25°C and a negative pressure of -0.1MPa to evacuate for about 20 minutes until the air bubbles are observed to disappear with the naked eye.

[0020] Furthermore, in step S6, the specific steps for surface smoothing are as follows: After the crystal AB glue has solidified, remove the plaster base and silicone mold, take out the crystal model with a frosted surface, clean it with a drill bit, and then brush another layer of crystal AB glue on its surface to complete the smoothing process.

[0021] In summary, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0022] (1) The method of fabricating and embedding the palm artery mold with a molded shape proposed in this application is low in cost and high in cost performance.

[0023] (2) The palm artery casting with a shaped shape and the prototype embedding method proposed in this application produce a palm artery casting with fine texture that is not easy to polish. The surface is smoothed by brushing, and the tiny texture on the palm surface can be removed by using a drill bit to retain the coarser texture and joint shape, thereby improving the transparency of the casting.

[0024] (3) Compared with 3D printing, the palm artery casting and prototype embedding method proposed in this application produces a realistic and detailed palm artery casting, and can retain the surface skin texture as needed. 3D printing technology is limited by the fineness of the fine structure and the image of the blood vessels.

[0025] (4) By pressing the plastic bag tightly against the silicone mold with water pressure, the residual small leakage points are blocked, which has a significant effect.

[0026] (5) It can clearly show the spatial relationship between the vascular cast and the epidermis and joints under different shapes, providing an intuitive model for clinical diagnosis and treatment, anatomy teaching, scientific research and popular science. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of a method for fabricating a shaped palmar artery mold and embedding a prototype according to an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figure 1 The present invention will be described in further detail below.

[0029] Example: A method for fabricating a shaped palmar artery mold and embedding the prototype, such as... Figure 1 The diagram shown is a flowchart of a method for fabricating a shaped palmar artery mold and embedding the prototype, including the following steps:

[0030] S1. Specimen pretreatment: Arrange the specimen in the desired shape and freeze it in a refrigerator to fix it;

[0031] S2. Using a hand shape as a model, silicone as a mold, and plaster as a base, create the yin-yang embedding mold. This includes the following steps:

[0032] (1) Determine the midline: The midline is the widest point on the ulnar and radial sides, which serves as the boundary between the yin and yang membranes;

[0033] (2) Making the clay base: On a piece of plexiglass, use clay as the base to wrap the specimen behind the center line, leaving the forearm end unwrapped as the entrance and exit for AB glue to drip in. The outer circumference of the mold should be at least 2cm away from the specimen, and the bottom thickness should be at least 1cm away from the specimen. Clean and tidy the surface, bottom and sides of the clay, and dig a deep groove on the clay surface 1cm away from the specimen. After completion, freeze the whole thing for 24 hours to maintain the fixed shape and texture of the palm specimen.

[0034] (3) Make the first silicone mold: spread a layer of silicone on the exposed specimen and the oil soil base, let it stand for 30 minutes, then brush another layer, and spread a layer of gauze on the silicone surface that was just brushed, and then brush the gauze surface twice more, with an interval of 30 minutes each time. After completion, trim the silicone mold so that its edge is flush with the edge of the base. After completion, freeze the whole thing for 24 hours to maintain the fixed shape and texture of the palm specimen.

[0035] (4) Make a plaster base: wrap a piece of cardboard tightly around the clay base with an acrylic sheet to form a column. The height should be at least 2cm higher than the highest point of the silicone mold. Fix the joint with staples and tape. Then pour the prepared plaster evenly into the filling until it is 2cm above the highest point of the silicone mold. Smooth the plaster surface. After the plaster has hardened, freeze the whole thing for 24 hours to maintain the fixed shape and texture of the palm specimen.

[0036] (5) Making the second silicone mold: Turn the entire mold with the specimen upside down, place the plaster side on the plexiglass plate, remove the clay base, apply a layer of Vaseline to the surface of the silicone mold, then lay a layer of prepared silicone on the exposed specimen and silicone surface, let it stand for 30 minutes, then brush another layer, and lay a layer of gauze on the silicone surface that was just brushed, then brush the gauze surface twice more, with an interval of 30 minutes. After completion, trim the silicone mold so that its edge is flush with the edge of the other piece. After completion, freeze the whole thing for 24 hours to maintain the fixed shape and texture of the palm specimen.

[0037] (6) Make the second plaster base: wrap the plaster base with cardboard tightly against the plexiglass plate to form a column shape. The height should be at least 2cm higher than the highest point of the silicone mold. Fix the joint with staples and tape. Then pour the prepared plaster evenly to fill it to 2cm above the highest point of the silicone mold. Smooth the plaster surface. After the plaster has cured, remove the mold and take out the specimen.

[0038] S3. Specimen perfusion and etching: After the mold is made, the specimen is removed and thawed at room temperature. After it is completely thawed, a glass tube is inserted into the stump of the brachial artery. First, about 50 ml of 20% perchlorate is used for perfusion. Then, 25% perchlorate is used to replenish the perfusion every 2 hours for 4 consecutive times. For the 5th time, 30% perchlorate is used for replenishment. After 2 hours, the brachial artery is ligated, the glass tube inserted into the brachial artery is removed, and the specimen is placed into the silicone mold for morphological fixation. After 24 hours, it is placed in a freezer. After it is completely frozen, the specimen is removed. Glue is applied to the joints where the morphology has changed significantly compared to the normal anatomical structure to reinforce the shape. Then it is placed in hydrochloric acid for etching for 7 days. After that, the arterial vascular cast is removed, rinsed clean, and dried.

[0039] S4. Fixing the vascular cast and mold: Based on the anatomical position and curvature of the structure, place the vascular cast specimen into the silicone mold, then cover it with a plaster base. Wrap a rubber tube around the plaster base to make the edge of the silicone mold fit tightly. Then place it upright with the forearm end facing upwards, so that the openings of the plaster base and the silicone mold are directly above. Trim the end of the vascular cast so that the distance between the highest point of the vascular cast and the top of the silicone mold is greater than 2cm.

[0040] S5. Preparation and Pouring of Crystal AB Glue: Mix 600ml of slow-drying crystal epoxy resin A and 200ml of epoxy resin B in a 1000ml plastic container. Use an electric mixer to thoroughly mix the mixture and eliminate air bubbles. The specific method for eliminating air bubbles is as follows: Use a vacuum pump at -0.1MPa negative pressure at 25℃ for approximately 20 minutes, until the air bubbles are visibly eliminated. Slowly pour the AB glue through the mold opening along the inner wall of the mold until it reaches 1-2cm above the specimen, then stop. Check the mold joints. Check for glue leakage. If glue leakage occurs, wrap rubber tubing around the corresponding area to ensure the silicone mold edge is tight. If no obvious glue leakage is found, cover the bottom of the plaster base and silicone mold with a plastic bag, then place them in a water tank with the openings of the plaster base and silicone mold facing upwards. Add water to the tank, ensuring the water level is below the top of the plaster base and that there is no water inside the plastic bag. Use water pressure to press the plastic bag tightly against the mold to seal any remaining small leaks. Then let it stand for 48 hours.

[0041] S6. Surface smoothing treatment: After the crystal AB glue has solidified, remove the plaster base and silicone mold, take out the crystal model with a frosted surface, use a drill bit to clean it, and then brush another layer of crystal AB glue on its surface to complete the smoothing treatment.

[0042] This specific embodiment is merely an explanation of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention. After reading this specification, those skilled in the art can make modifications to this embodiment without contributing any inventive step, but such modifications are protected by patent law as long as they are within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for fabricating a shaped palmar artery mold and embedding the prototype, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Specimen pretreatment: Arrange the specimen in the desired shape and freeze it in a refrigerator to fix it; S2. Using a hand shape as a model, silicone as a mold, and plaster as a base, create the yin-yang embedding mold. This includes the following steps: (1) Determine the midline: The midline is the widest point on the ulnar and radial sides, which serves as the dividing line between the male and female molds; (2) Making the base of the oil clay: On a piece of plexiglass, use the oil clay as the base to wrap the specimen behind the midline, leaving the forearm end unwrapped as the entrance and exit for AB glue to drip in. The outer circumference of the mold should be at least 2 cm away from the specimen, and the bottom thickness should be at least 1 cm away from the specimen. Clean and tidy the surface, bottom and sides of the oil clay, and dig a deep trench on the surface of the oil clay 1 cm away from the specimen. Freeze the whole thing for 24 h to maintain the fixed shape and texture of the palm specimen. (3) Make the first silicone mold: spread a layer of silicone on the exposed specimen and the oil soil base, let it stand for 30 minutes, then brush another layer, and spread a layer of gauze on the silicone surface that was just brushed, and then brush the gauze surface twice more, with an interval of 30 minutes each time. After completion, trim the silicone mold so that its edge is flush with the edge of the base. After completion, freeze the whole thing for 24 hours to maintain the fixed shape and texture of the palm specimen. (4) Make the first plaster base: wrap the clay base with cardboard tightly against the plexiglass plate to form a column shape. The height should be at least 2 cm higher than the highest point of the silicone mold. Fix the joint with staples and tape. Then pour the prepared plaster evenly into the filling until it reaches 2 cm above the highest point of the silicone mold. Smooth the plaster surface. After the plaster has cured, freeze the whole thing for 24 hours to maintain the fixed shape and texture of the palm specimen. (5) Making the second silicone mold: Turn the entire mold with the specimen upside down, place the plaster surface on the plexiglass plate, remove the clay base, apply a layer of Vaseline to the surface of the silicone mold, then lay a layer of prepared silicone on the exposed specimen and silicone surface, let it stand for 30 minutes, then brush another layer, and lay a layer of gauze on the silicone surface that was just brushed, then brush the gauze surface twice more, with an interval of 30 minutes. After completion, trim the silicone mold so that its edge is flush with the edge of the other piece. After completion, freeze the whole thing for 24 hours to maintain the fixed shape and texture of the palm specimen. (6) Make the second plaster base: wrap the plaster base with cardboard tightly against the plexiglass plate to form a column shape. The height should be at least 2 cm higher than the highest point of the silicone mold. Fix the joint with staples and tape. Then pour the prepared plaster evenly to fill it to 2 cm above the highest point of the silicone mold. Smooth the plaster surface. After the plaster has cured, remove the plaster base and silicone mold and take out the specimen. S3. Specimen perfusion and etching: After mold making, remove the specimen and thaw it at room temperature. Once completely thawed, insert a glass tube into the severed end of the brachial artery. First, perfuse 50 ml of 20% (w / v) perchlorate solution. Then, replenish the perfusion with 25% (w / v) perchlorate solution every 2 hours for 4 consecutive times. For the 5th time, use 30% (w / v) perchlorate solution. After 2 hours, ligate the brachial artery, remove the glass tube inserted into the brachial artery, and place the specimen into the silicone mold for morphological fixation. After 24 hours, freeze the specimen. Once completely frozen, remove the specimen and apply glue to joints where the morphology differs significantly from the normal anatomical structure to reinforce the shape. Then, etch the specimen in hydrochloric acid for 7 days. Remove the arterial vascular cast, rinse it clean, and air dry. S4. Fixing the vascular casting and mold: Based on the anatomical position and curvature of the structure, place the vascular casting specimen into the silicone mold, then cover it with a plaster base, wrap a rubber tube around the outside of the plaster base to make the edge of the silicone mold fit tightly, and then place it upright with the forearm stump facing upwards, so that the opening of the mold and the base is directly above. S5. Preparation and pouring of crystal AB glue: Mix 600 ml of slow-drying crystal epoxy resin A and 200 ml of epoxy resin B in a 1000 ml plastic container. Use an electric mixer to thoroughly mix the AB glue and eliminate air bubbles. Slowly pour the AB glue through the mold opening along the inner wall of the mold to 1-2 cm above the specimen and then stop. Check for glue leakage at the mold joint. If leakage occurs, add rubber tubing around the corresponding position to ensure the silicone mold edge is tight. After no obvious leakage is found, cover the plaster base and the lower end of the silicone mold with a plastic film bag, and then place them in a water tank with the openings of the plaster base and silicone mold facing upwards. Add water to the water tank, with the water level below the top of the plaster base and the plastic film bag empty. Use water pressure to press the plastic film bag tightly against the silicone mold to seal any remaining small leaks, and then let it stand for 48 hours. S6. Surface smoothing treatment.

2. The method for fabricating a shaped palmar artery mold and embedding the prototype according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S4, the broken ends of the blood vessel casting are trimmed so that the distance between the highest point of the blood vessel casting and the top of the silicone mold is greater than 2 cm.

3. The method for fabricating a shaped palmar artery mold and embedding the prototype according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S5, the method to eliminate air bubbles in the AB glue is as follows: use a vacuum pump at 25°C and a negative pressure of -0.1 MPa to evacuate for 20 minutes until the air bubbles are observed to disappear with the naked eye.

4. The method for fabricating a shaped palmar artery mold and embedding the prototype according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S6, the specific steps for surface smoothing are as follows: After the crystal AB glue has solidified, remove the plaster base and silicone mold, take out the crystal model with a frosted surface, clean it with a drill bit, and then brush another layer of crystal AB glue on its surface to complete the smoothing process.

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