Unleaded aviation gasoline and method for making same

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of aviation gasoline, and discloses unleaded aviation gasoline and a preparation method thereof.The unleaded aviation gasoline comprises: 75-85 wt% of polymethylbenzene, and 15-25 wt% of at least two of alkylate, a side line distillation component of an alkylate device, light naphtha and isopentane; wherein the motor octane number of the polymethylbenzene is not less than 108.The product quality index of the unleaded aviation gasoline meets the standard of the American Society for Testing and Materials, that is, the technical requirement of ASTM D7719-2018 high-aromatic unleaded aviation gasoline.The unleaded aviation gasoline has the characteristics of good component continuity, stable combustion and high motor octane number, and meets the high-standard use requirement of unleaded and high-octane aviation gasoline.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of aviation gasoline, in particular to a lead-free aviation gasoline and a preparation method thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] Aviation gasoline is a high octane fuel used for aircraft, and is an important component of aviation fuel. Aviation gasoline in China mainly uses alkylated or reformed gasoline as the main component for producing aviation gasoline. Tetraethyl lead is a colorless transparent oily liquid with a slight fruity sweet taste, which is widely used as a gasoline additive. Adding tetraethyl lead can increase the octane number of the fuel to prevent knock in the engine, thereby improving the efficiency and power of the engine. In view of the increasing proportion of lead emissions caused by the combustion of lead-containing aviation gasoline in industrial lead emissions, more and more countries have begun to pay attention to lead-free aviation gasoline, and lead-free high-quality aviation gasoline will become the main body of future market demand. The rapid development of lead-free aviation gasoline will point out a feasible way to solve the problem of lead pollution in general aviation.

[0003] In the ASTM D7719-2018 high aromatic lead-free aviation gasoline standard, the formula only includes two components of isopentane and mesitylene. In the formula, the boiling point of isopentane is 27.8℃, the boiling point of mesitylene is 164.8℃, there is no other hydrocarbon in the middle, the component jump is serious, there is a distillation temperature discontinuity, and the combustion is not stable.

[0004] Therefore, it is urgent to develop a high-aromatic lead-free aviation gasoline that meets the performance indicators in the ASTM D7719-2018 standard and has stable combustion. SUMMARY

[0005] The purpose of the present application is to overcome the problems of the existing ASTM D7719-2018 standard using two pure components to modulate aviation gasoline, such as distillation temperature discontinuity, unstable combustion, etc., to provide a lead-free aviation gasoline. The aviation gasoline is a high-aromatic lead-free aviation gasoline, fully meets the requirements of the ASTM D7719-2018 standard, and has the advantages of good distillation continuity, stable combustion, small vibration, high octane number, etc.

[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the first aspect of the present application provides a lead-free aviation gasoline, which comprises: 75-85wt% of polymethylbenzene, 15-25wt% of at least two of alkylated oil, side line distillation component of alkylated device, light naphtha and isopentane; wherein the motor octane number of the polymethylbenzene is not less than 108.

[0007] The second aspect of the present application provides a preparation method of a lead-free aviation gasoline, which comprises:

[0008] Mixing at least two of 75-85 wt% of polymethylbenzene, alkylate oil, side line distillate component of alkylate device, light naphtha and isopentane 15-25 wt% to obtain unleaded aviation gasoline; wherein the motor method octane number of the polymethylbenzene is not less than 108.

[0009] Through the above technical solutions, the intended technical effects of the present application are as follows:

[0010] 1) The unleaded aviation gasoline of the present application comprises polymethylbenzene and at least two of alkylate oil, side line distillate component of alkylate device, light naphtha and isopentane, which is UL102 aviation gasoline meeting the technical requirements of ASTM D7719-2018 high aromatic unleaded aviation gasoline, and has the characteristics of good full-range continuity, stable and rapid combustion, high octane number, good mutual compatibility of technical indicators, good use characteristics, etc. on the premise that all quality indicators meet the requirements of ASTM D7719-2018 high aromatic unleaded aviation gasoline technical standard, and the raw materials are abundant and the price is low.

[0011] 2) The alkylate oil of the present application is a key component of aviation gasoline throughout the distillation range, which has a high octane number and is a clean fuel component. The light component distilled from the side line of the alkylate device, the light naphtha or isopentane with high isomerization of hydrocracking is used as a low temperature fraction to control the saturated vapor pressure and 10% distillation temperature of the aviation gasoline, so that the quality indicators of the aviation gasoline meet the technical requirements of ASTM D7719-2018 high aromatic unleaded aviation gasoline, and the proportion relationship between each component is particularly critical. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0012] The endpoints of the ranges and any values disclosed herein are not limited to the precise values stated. The endpoints of the ranges and any values should be understood as approximations. The endpoints of the ranges and any values are provided as a separate point for the convenience of the reader. The present application is therefore understood to encompass all values falling within the range, including the approximated values. For ranges with endpoints, the endpoints are included in the range.

[0013] The first aspect of the present application provides an unleaded aviation gasoline, which comprises: 75-85 wt% of polymethylbenzene, at least two of 15-25 wt% of alkylate oil, side line distillate component of alkylate device, light naphtha and isopentane; wherein the motor method octane number of the polymethylbenzene is not less than 108.

[0014] The alkylated oil, the side line distillation component of the alkylation device, the high-isomerized light naphtha and the isopentane are matched as low-temperature fractions to regulate the saturated vapor pressure and the 10% distillation temperature of aviation gasoline, and the proportion relationship between the components is particularly crucial to make the aviation gasoline meet the technical requirements of ASTM D7719-2018 high-aromatic unleaded aviation gasoline.

[0015] In the present application, the alkylated oil and / or the side line distillation component of the alkylation device play a crucial role, and the alkylated oil and / or the side line distillation component of the alkylation device are the key components to make the aviation gasoline continuous in the whole distillation range, have high octane number and are clean fuel components, which can control some key technical indexes of the aviation gasoline to meet the requirements, so that the saturated vapor pressure of the aviation gasoline is controlled within the range of 38-49 KPa, the 10% distillation temperature meets the requirement of ≤75℃, and the octane number has the minimum negative contribution among similar components. At the same time, the aviation gasoline fraction is continuous, and the application performance of the aviation gasoline is good.

[0016] In the present application, the first consideration for the raw material is the high motor method octane number, and the second consideration is to meet the product quality requirements of D7719-2018 technical requirements. In the raw material of the present application, the raw material is divided into three categories, namely high-octane aromatic hydrocarbon (mesitylene), which is indispensable; the second category is the alkylated oil and / or the side line distillation component of the alkylation device which is continuous in the whole distillation range; and the third category is the lighter fraction which meets the requirement of the saturated vapor pressure in the aviation gasoline index, such as isopentane, light naphtha and the side line distillation component of the alkylation device, among which the side line distillation component of the alkylation device is the most ideal. In addition to the above three categories, it also has a good octane blending effect.

[0017] The present application does not have strict requirements for the monomer hydrocarbon composition in the raw oil (alkylated oil, side line distillation component of the alkylation device and light naphtha), and the products produced by the alkylation device of the refinery on the market can meet the requirements of the present application as long as the motor method octane meets the standard.

[0018] In the present application, the isopentane is an industrial grade isopentane, preferably 2-methylbutane, and the quality index meets the technical requirements of HG / T5613-2019 industrial isooctane product quality type II grade or above.

[0019] In some embodiments, the multi-methylbenzene is preferably mesitylene.

[0020] In the present application, the multi-methylbenzene is added as a high-octane component, and the effect of mesitylene is the best.

[0021] In some embodiments, the alkylate oil has a research octane number of not less than 96 or a motor octane number of not less than 92.5.

[0022] In some preferred embodiments, the alkylate oil has a distillation range of 30-190°C, preferably 35-160°C.

[0023] In some preferred embodiments, the alkylate oil comprises C5-C10 alkanes, wherein C4 alkanes are 3-5 wt%, C5 alkanes are 3-5 wt%, C6 alkanes are 4-7 wt%, C7 alkanes are 15-25 wt%, C8 alkanes are 55-70 wt%, C9 alkanes are 1-3 wt%, and C10 alkanes are 2-4 wt%, and wherein the content of iso-octane is not less than 55 wt%.

[0024] In some embodiments, the side draw component of the alkylate unit is a side draw from a refinery alkylate unit at a distillation outlet position at a distillation column plate temperature of 70-75°C, and the component received at the distillation outlet position.

[0025] In some preferred embodiments, 85 wt% or more of the component of the side draw component of the alkylate unit has a distillation temperature of not more than 75°C.

[0026] According to the present application, the side draw component of the alkylate unit is a side draw from a refinery alkylate unit, and most of the component has a distillation temperature of not more than 75°C, for example, 85-95 wt% of the component has a distillation temperature of not more than 75°C.

[0027] In some preferred embodiments, the side draw component of the alkylate unit comprises C4-C8 alkanes, wherein C4 alkanes are 40-50 wt%, C5 alkanes are 25-35 wt%, C6 alkanes are 10-17 wt%, C7 alkanes are 5-10 wt%, and C8 alkanes are 6-15 wt%.

[0028] In some embodiments, the light naphtha component is a component having a distillation end point of not more than 67°C produced from a refinery hydrocracking unit;

[0029] The light naphtha component in the present application is a component produced from a hydrocracking unit, having a high degree of isomerization and a light component, having a distillation end point of not more than 67°C, and having a low content of C6 alkanes, which is beneficial to the quality of aviation gasoline.

[0030] In some preferred embodiments, the light naphtha component comprises C4-C6 alkanes, wherein C4 alkanes are 4-10 wt%, C5 alkanes are 75-85 wt%, and C6 alkanes are 10-17 wt%, and the mass ratio of n-alkanes to iso-alkanes is 0.4-0.7:1, preferably 0.4-0.5:1.

[0031] In some preferred embodiments, the unleaded aviation gasoline comprises: mesitylene 75-85 wt%, side draw distillate component of alkylation unit 7-18 wt%, and light naphtha 7-15 wt%.

[0032] In some preferred embodiments, the unleaded aviation gasoline comprises: mesitylene 75-85 wt%, side draw distillate component of alkylation unit 7-15 wt%, and alkylation oil 6-18 wt%.

[0033] In some preferred embodiments, the unleaded aviation gasoline comprises: mesitylene 75-85 wt%, side draw distillate component of alkylation unit 5-12 wt%, alkylation oil 4-8 wt%, and light naphtha 6-15 wt%.

[0034] In some preferred embodiments, the unleaded aviation gasoline comprises: mesitylene 75-85 wt%, side draw distillate component of alkylation unit 5-12 wt%, alkylation oil 3-8 wt%, and isopentane 6-15 wt%.

[0035] In some preferred embodiments, the unleaded aviation gasoline comprises: mesitylene 75-82 wt%, side draw distillate component of alkylation unit 10-15 wt%, and light naphtha 3-7 wt%, and isopentane 4-6 wt%.

[0036] In some preferred embodiments, the unleaded aviation gasoline comprises: mesitylene 78-82 wt%, alkylation oil and side draw distillate component of alkylation unit 10-15 wt%, light naphtha and isopentane 8-12 wt%.

[0037] In some embodiments, the mass ratio of the alkylation oil and side draw distillate component of alkylation unit is 6-10:8-15.

[0038] In some embodiments, the mass ratio of the light naphtha and isopentane is 1-10:1-20.

[0039] The second aspect of the present application provides a preparation method of unleaded aviation gasoline, which comprises:

[0040] Mixing 75-85 wt% of polymethylbenzene, 15-25 wt% of at least two of alkylation oil, side draw distillate component of alkylation unit, light naphtha, and isopentane, to obtain unleaded aviation gasoline; wherein the motor octane number of the polymethylbenzene is not less than 108.

[0041] The raw materials used in the preparation method of the present application are the same as the raw materials of the unleaded aviation gasoline provided in the first aspect, please refer to the description above, which will not be repeated here.

[0042] The 10% distillation temperature of the lead-free aviation gasoline obtained by the method is not more than 75°C, and the 40% distillation temperature is not less than 75°C.

[0043] In some embodiments, the preparation method comprises mixing 78-82 wt% of mesitylene, 10-15 wt% of the side line distillation component of the alkylation device, and 8-12 wt% of the light naphtha and isopentane to obtain the lead-free aviation gasoline.

[0044] In some embodiments, the mass ratio of the alkylation oil and the side line distillation component of the alkylation device is 6-10:8-15.

[0045] In some embodiments, the mass ratio of the light naphtha and isopentane is 1-10:1-20.

[0046] In some embodiments, the preparation method of the side line distillation component of the alkylation device comprises: setting a side line outlet on the distillation column of the refinery alkylation device, and obtaining the side line distillation component of the alkylation device from the side line outlet; wherein the side line outlet is located at a tray position of the distillation column with a temperature of 70-75°C.

[0047] In some preferred embodiments, more than 85 wt% of the components in the side line distillation component of the alkylation device have a distillation temperature of less than or equal to 75°C.

[0048] According to the present application, the side line distillation component of the alkylation device is obtained from the side line outlet of the refinery alkylation device, and most of the components have a distillation temperature of less than or equal to 75°C, for example, 85-95 wt% of the components have a distillation temperature of less than or equal to 75°C.

[0049] In the present application, the final boiling point of the side line distillation component of the alkylation device cannot be too high, and in addition, the alkylation device needs to have a side line outlet to collect components with a distillation temperature of ≤75°C, which plays a crucial role in aviation gasoline and can control some key technical indicators of aviation gasoline to meet the requirements, such as controlling the saturated vapor pressure between 38-49 KPa; the 10% distillation temperature in the distillation range index is ≤75°C, and at the same time, it promotes the continuous distillation of aviation gasoline, which is obviously better than using isopentane.

[0050] In some embodiments, the preparation method of the light naphtha component comprises: collecting components with a distillation end point of ≤67°C from the refinery hydrocracking device, which are the light naphtha component.

[0051] The UL102 high aromatic unleaded aviation gasoline provided by the application has the characteristics of good full-range continuity, stable and rapid combustion, high octane value, good mutual compatibility of technical indexes, good use characteristics, and the like, under the premise that all quality indexes meet the requirements of the ASTM D7719-2018 high aromatic unleaded aviation gasoline technical standard, and raw materials are sufficient and the price is low.

[0052] The application will be described in detail below through examples, but the protection scope of the application is not limited to the following description.

[0053] The specific conditions not mentioned in the examples are carried out according to the conventional conditions or the conditions recommended by the manufacturer. The reagents or instruments used are not marked with the manufacturer, and are all conventional products that can be obtained through market channels.

[0054] In the following examples, the aviation gasoline raw materials used include at least three of the following: light naphtha as shown in Table 1, industrial isopentane as shown in Table 2, side-line distillate components of an alkylation device as shown in Table 3, alkylation oil as shown in Table 4, and mesitylene as shown in Table 5.

[0055] The preparation method of the light naphtha component includes: collecting the component with a distillation end point less than or equal to 67 DEG C from the hydrocracking device of the refinery, that is, the light naphtha component, and the specific composition and properties are shown in Table 1.

[0056] The preparation method of the side-line distillate component of the alkylation device includes: setting a side-line discharge port at the 70-75 DEG C tray position of the alkylation device of the refinery to receive the component ≤75 DEG C in the alkylation oil, to obtain the side-line distillate component of the alkylation device, and the specific composition and properties are shown in Table 3.

[0057] The main property data of each raw material component of the aviation gasoline is shown in Table 6.

[0058] Table 1 Property data of light naphtha

[0059]

[0060] Table 2 Property data of industrial isopentane

[0061] Item Data Density / g-cm -1 ]] 0.6200 Saturated vapour pressure (37.8°C, kPa) 137 Motor octane number 90.2 Boiling point / °C 27.8 Composition / wt% Isopentane > 98.5 wt%

[0062] Table 3 Property data of side-line distillate component of alkylation device

[0063]

[0064]

[0065] Table 4 Property data of alkylation oil

[0066]

[0067] Table 5 Properties data of mesitylene

[0068] Item Data Density / g-cm -1 ]] 0.8647 Saturated vapour pressure (37.8°C, kPa) 1.33 Motor octane number 120 Boiling point / °C 164.8 Composition / wt% Mesitylene > 97 wt%

[0069] Example 1

[0070] The light naphtha, alkylate and mesitylene were mixed uniformly in the ratio of 15:6:79 (wt%) to obtain aviation gasoline. The key indicators of the obtained aviation gasoline were detected for performance, and the data are shown in Table 6.

[0071] Example 2

[0072] The industrial-grade isopentane, alkylate and mesitylene were mixed uniformly in the ratio of 14:6:80 (wt%) to obtain aviation gasoline. The key indicators of the obtained aviation gasoline were detected for performance, and the data are shown in Table 6.

[0073] Example 3

[0074] The side-line distillate component of the alkylate unit, alkylate and mesitylene were mixed uniformly in the ratio of 14:6:80 (wt%) to obtain aviation gasoline. The key indicators of the obtained aviation gasoline were detected for performance, and the data are shown in Table 6.

[0075] Example 4

[0076] The industrial-grade isopentane, side-line distillate component of the alkylate unit, alkylate and mesitylene were mixed uniformly in the ratio of 7:8:6:79 (wt%) to obtain aviation gasoline. The key indicators of the obtained aviation gasoline were detected for performance, and the data are shown in Table 6.

[0077] Example 5

[0078] The industrial-grade isopentane, side-line distillate component of the alkylate unit, alkylate and mesitylene were mixed uniformly in the ratio of 8:9:3.5:79.5 (wt%) to obtain aviation gasoline. The key indicators of the obtained aviation gasoline were detected for performance, and the data are shown in Table 6.

[0079] Example 6

[0080] The side-line distillate component of the alkylate unit, alkylate and mesitylene were mixed uniformly in the ratio of 13.5:7:79.5 (wt%) to obtain aviation gasoline. The obtained aviation gasoline was detected according to the requirements of ASTM D7719-2018 standard, and the measured data are shown in Table 7.

[0081] Example 7

[0082] The isopentane, the side line distillate component of the alkylation device, the alkylated oil and the mesitylene were selected and mixed uniformly at a ratio of 7:9.5:3:80.5 (wt%) to obtain aviation gasoline. The obtained aviation gasoline was detected according to the standard requirements of ASTM D7719-2018, and the measured data are shown in Table 7.

[0083] Table 6 Detection data of key indicators of aviation gasoline of examples 1-5

[0084]

[0085] Table 7 Detection data of aviation gasoline of examples 6-7

[0086]

[0087]

[0088] It can be seen from the results in Tables 6 and 7 that the aviation gasoline obtained by examples 1-7 of the present application meets the technical requirements of ASTM D7719-2018 standard. And the aviation gasoline produced by examples 1-7 of the present application has good full distillation continuity and stable and rapid combustion.

[0089] The preferred embodiments of the present application are described in detail above, but the present application is not limited thereto. Within the technical concept of the present application, various simple modifications can be made to the technical solutions of the present application, including the combination of various technical features in any other suitable manner. These simple modifications and combinations should also be considered as disclosed by the present application and fall within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A lead-free aviation gasoline, characterized in that, The lead-free aviation gasoline comprises: mesitylene 78-82 wt%, alkylate and side draw component of alkylation unit 10-15 wt%, light naphtha and isopentane 8-12 wt%; mass ratio of the alkylate and side draw component of alkylation unit 6-10:8-15; mass ratio of the light naphtha and isopentane 1-10:1-20; the side draw component of alkylation unit is a component of a side draw of a refinery alkylation unit, a distillation outlet position of which is at a column plate temperature of 70-75 ℃, and the component at the distillation outlet is received; in the side draw component of alkylation unit, the distillation temperature of more than 85 wt% of the component is less than or equal to 75 ℃; wherein, the motor method octane number of the mesitylene is not less than 108; the 10% distillation temperature of the lead-free aviation gasoline is not greater than 75 ℃, and the 40% distillation temperature is not less than 75 ℃.

2. The unleaded aviation gasoline of claim 1, wherein, The research octane number of the alkylate is not less than 96 or the motor method octane number is not less than 92.

5.

3. The unleaded aviation gasoline of claim 2, wherein, The distillation range of the alkylate is 30-190 ℃. And / or, the alkylate comprises C4-C10 alkanes, wherein C4 alkanes 3-5 wt%, C5 alkanes 3-5 wt%, C6 alkanes 4-7 wt%, C7 alkanes 15-25 wt%, C8 alkanes 55-70 wt%, C9 alkanes 1-3 wt% and C10 alkanes 2-4 wt%, wherein the content of isooctane is not less than 55 wt%.

4. The unleaded aviation gasoline of claim 3, wherein, The distillation range of the alkylate is 35-160 ℃.

5. The unleaded aviation gasoline of claim 1 or 2, wherein, The side draw component of alkylation unit comprises C4-C8 alkanes, wherein C4 alkanes 40-50 wt%, C5 alkanes 25-35 wt%, C6 alkanes 10-17 wt%, C7 alkanes 5-10 wt% and C8 alkanes 6-15 wt%.

6. The unleaded aviation gasoline of claim 1 or 2, wherein, The light naphtha component is a component with a distillation end point less than or equal to 67 ℃ produced from a refinery hydrocracking unit.

7. The unleaded aviation gasoline of claim 6, wherein, The light naphtha component comprises C4-C6 alkanes, wherein C4 alkanes 4-10 wt%, C5 alkanes 75-85 wt% and C6 alkanes 10-17 wt%, and the mass ratio of normal alkanes to isomeric alkanes is 0.4-0.7:

1.

8. The unleaded aviation gasoline of claim 7, wherein, The mass ratio of normal alkanes to isomeric alkanes is 0.4-0.5:

1.

9. A method for producing a lead-free aviation gasoline, characterized by, The preparation method comprises: Mesitylene 78-82 wt%, alkylate and side draw component of alkylation unit 10-15 wt% and light naphtha and isopentane 8-12 wt% are mixed to obtain lead-free aviation gasoline; wherein, the motor method octane number of the mesitylene is not less than 108; The mass ratio of the alkylate and side draw component of alkylation unit is 6-10:8-15; The mass ratio of the light naphtha and isopentane is 1-10:1-20; The preparation method of the side draw component of alkylation unit comprises: setting a side draw outlet on a distillation column of a refinery alkylation unit, and obtaining the side draw component of alkylation unit from the side draw outlet; wherein, the side draw outlet is located at a column plate position with a temperature of 70-75 ℃ of the distillation column; The fraction temperature of 85wt% or more of the components in the side line distillate component of the alkylation device is less than or equal to 75℃.

10. The production method according to claim 9, wherein The preparation method of the light naphtha component includes: collecting the component with a distillation end point less than or equal to 67℃ from the refinery hydrocracking device, which is the light naphtha component.

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