Tail fairing assembly tool and assembly method

Abstract

The application discloses a machine tail cover assembling tool and assembling method, and relates to the technical field of machine tail cover assembling. The machine tail cover assembling tool and assembling method can realize the functions of machine tail cover assembling, edge trimming, inspection and the like. The tool can guarantee the installation interface of the machine tail cover and the machine body. The two-in-one contour face clamping plate of the external contour clamping plate and the end face position degree clamping plate is convenient for the overall detection of the machine tail cover, provides data support for subsequent contour assembling with the machine body, and after the clamping plate is limited, the connection of the skin and the fixed plate and the limitation of the contour face clamping plate can produce small deformation in the twist forming process, reduce the displacement of the product caused by the matching hole, and reduce the deformation risk. Through the assembling tool and the assembling method, the assembling quality and the assembling efficiency can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of tail cover assembly technology, specifically to a tail cover assembly fixture and assembly method. Background Technology

[0002] For aircraft, a tail cowl is a streamlined structural component located at the tail of the aircraft, which smooths the outer surface of the fuselage to reduce drag. For missiles, it is a structural component used to withstand the pressure of the gas gases inside the launch tube and protect the internal equipment.

[0003] Tail cover products are generally large in size, and the composite material will deform during molding and assembly. Tail cover products involve aerodynamic shape, and the tail cover and the fuselage are installed together. Therefore, how to prevent deformation during assembly and improve assembly quality and efficiency are issues that need to be addressed. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a tail cover assembly fixture and assembly method, solving the problems mentioned in the background section. To achieve the above objectives, this invention is implemented through the following technical solution: A tail cover assembly fixture and assembly method, comprising a tail cover, the outer side of which is bolted to a skin, the top of which is bolted to a hinge seat, the front end of which is bolted to an end frame, the inner wall of which is bolted to a lock box, the inner wall of which is bolted to a gas spring support, an internal frame formed in the inner wall of which, the front end of which is bolted to a tapered pin seat, and the outer side of which is bolted to an assembly fixture. The assembly fixture includes a front frame assembly, a side beam, and a rear frame assembly. The front end of the assembly fixture is bolted to an end face profile clamping plate. The front end of the end face profile clamping plate is movably connected to a profile clamping plate transition via an insert plate. The rear end of the profile clamping plate transition is movably connected to a partial profile clamping plate via an insert plate. The front end of the front frame assembly is bolted to a lock box fixing plate. A single lock box fixing plate is movably inserted into the front end of the lock box fixing plate via an insert plate. A lock box limiting block is movably inserted into the rear end of the single lock box fixing plate via an insert plate. The front end of the side beam is bolted to a skin fixing plate. The front end of the side beam is bolted to a hinge fixing plate. The rear end of the tail cover is bolted to a front profile clamping plate. The front end of the side beam is bolted to an end frame fixing plate. The front end of the side beam is bolted to a gas spring support fixing plate. A gas spring support fixing plate body is movably inserted into the front end of the gas spring support fixing plate via an insert plate. A gas spring support positioning block body is movably inserted into the rear end of the gas spring support fixing plate via an insert plate. The front end of the front frame assembly is bolted to a tapered pin mounting plate. The front end of the front frame assembly is bolted to a support block.

[0005] The assembly method for this tail cover assembly fixture includes the following steps:

[0006] Step 1: Fix the end frame fixing plate to the support block using a locator. Fix the support block to the support frame using cylindrical screws and pins, and adjust the accurate position of the fixing plate. Fix the lock box fixing plate and the tapered pin fixing plate to the support frame using a quick-release locator, and adjust the accurate position of the fixing plate. Fix the outer surface positioning plate to the fixing plate using a quick-release locator. Connect the fixing plate to the support block on the support frame using cylindrical screws and pins, and confirm the accurate position of the outer surface positioning plate. Place the tail cover end frame on the lock box fixing plate, frame fixing plate, and tapered pin fixing plate. At the same time, use a locator to connect the fixing plate to the rear end frame, and confirm that each hinge point is in the accurate position.

[0007] Step 2: First, place the tail cover skin in the theoretical position. Accurately position the skin using the external surface positioning plate. Fix the front external surface positioning plate of the tail cover to the rear frame using cylindrical head screws and cylindrical pins. Adjust the tail cover skin to the accurate position. Drill holes on the skin ear pieces through the holes on the four ear piece fixing plates. After drilling, apply glue to the end frame, reset the skin, and use the positioning device to connect and fix the ear piece fixing plates and the holes on the skin. Apply pressure to the external surface positioning plate and wait for the glue to cure.

[0008] Step 3: After the tail cover skin and end frame are fixed, install the lock box on the lock box fixing plate. The inner cavity of the lock box should fit against three sides of the fixing plate, and one side should be bonded to the skin. Use cylindrical head shoulder screws to position and install the spring support and fixing plate. One side of the spring support should be bonded to the skin. The internal rib should be positioned with the process hole on the rib and the fixing plate using a locator, and the other side should be bonded to the skin. A replaceable drill bushing is set on the support block of the positioning hinge seat. Use the locator and the initial drill bushing to position the hinge. The hinge seat and the fixing plate are positioned by surface contact and hole axis matching, and the other side should be bonded to the skin for fixation.

[0009] Step 4: The end frame, lock box, tapered pin seat, spring support and skin are fixed by adhesive bonding and then connected with fasteners. The end frame, lock box, spring support and skin are all fixed with high-strength bolts. The initial holes are pre-drilled on the end frame, lock box and spring support. The initial holes are then pre-drilled on the skin according to the initial holes. Then, secondary drilling is performed on the skin and the end frame, lock box and spring support products from the skin side. The high-strength bolts are then installed to fix the products.

[0010] Step 5: The components on the tail cover and the skin are fixedly connected. The end face of the skin is ground in advance. The end face is ground according to the positioning plate of the outer surface to determine the accurate position of the rear end face of the skin. The locator of the hinge seat is removed, the drill sleeve on the fixing plate is replaced, and the hinge seat is reamed multiple times.

[0011] Preferably, the assembly fixture has a cuboid structure.

[0012] Preferably, the end frame is fixed to the end frame fixing plate by a locator, and the end frame fixing plate constrains the end frame by surface fitting and hole axis matching.

[0013] Preferably, the end frame is positioned by a shape plate, and then holes are made in the end frame according to the holes on the fixing plate, and then fixed by a locator.

[0014] Preferably, the skin is fixed by ear holes and a locator, the outline is defined by a shape plate, and a conformal limiting plate is set at the front end of the tail cover, with the limiting block having a central opening.

[0015] Preferably, the end frame is fixed by the locator through the process holes on it and the positioning holes on the end frame fixing plate.

[0016] This invention provides a tail cover assembly fixture and assembly method. It has the following beneficial effects:

[0017] This assembly fixture and method for the tail cover enables the assembly, trimming, and inspection of the tail cover. The integrated fixture facilitates the installation of the tail cover onto the fuselage. The combined external contour clamping plate and end face position clamping plate facilitate overall inspection of the tail cover, providing data support for subsequent assembly with the fuselage contour. Furthermore, the clamping plate's positioning, along with the connection between the skin and the fixing plate and the limiting function of the external contour clamping plate, can mitigate minor deformations during the forming process and reduce product displacement caused by the fitting holes, thus lowering the risk of deformation. This assembly fixture and method improve both assembly quality and efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the tail cover structure of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly fixture structure for the tail cover of the present invention.

[0020] In the diagram: 1. Tail cover; 11. Skin; 12. Hinge seat; 13. End frame; 14. Lock box; 15. Gas spring support; 16. Internal frame; 17. Tapered pin seat; 2. Assembly fixture; 21. Front frame assembly; 22. Side beam; 23. Rear frame assembly; 24. End face profile plate; 241. Profile plate transition; 242. Partial profile plate; 25. Lock box fixing plate; 251. Single lock box fixing plate; 252. Lock box limiting block; 26. Skin fixing plate; 27. Hinge fixing plate; 28. Front end profile plate; 29. ​​End frame fixing plate; 210. Gas spring support fixing plate; 2101. Gas spring support fixing plate body; 2102. Gas spring support positioning block; 211. Tapered pin mounting plate; 212. Support block. Detailed Implementation

[0021] like Figure 1-2 As shown, the present invention provides a technical solution: a tail cover assembly fixture and assembly method, including a tail cover 1, a skin 11 bolted to the outer side of the tail cover 1, a hinge seat 12 bolted to the top of the tail cover 1, an end frame 13 bolted to the front end of the tail cover 1, a lock box 14 bolted to the inner wall of the tail cover 1, a gas spring support 15 bolted to the inner wall of the tail cover 1, an internal frame 16 formed in the inner wall of the tail cover 1, and a through-type end frame 16 at the front end of the tail cover 1. A tapered pin seat 17 is bolted to the front of the tail cover 1. An assembly fixture 2 is bolted to the outer side of the tail cover 1. The assembly fixture 2 includes a front frame assembly 21, a side beam 22, and a rear frame assembly 23. An end face profile clamping plate 24 is bolted to the front end of the assembly fixture 2. An end face profile clamping plate transition 241 is movably inserted into the front end of the end face profile clamping plate 241 via an insert plate. A partial profile clamping plate 242 is movably inserted into the rear end of the profile clamping plate transition 241 via an insert plate. The front end of the front frame assembly 21 is bolted to the rear end of the tail cover 1. A lock box fixing plate 25 is bolted to the front end of the lock box fixing plate 25. A single lock box fixing plate 251 is movably inserted into the front end of the single lock box fixing plate 251 via an insert plate. A lock box limiting block 252 is movably inserted into the rear end of the single lock box fixing plate 251 via an insert plate. A skin fixing plate 26 is bolted to the front end of the side beam 22. A hinge fixing plate 27 is bolted to the front end of the side beam 22. A front-end shape clamping plate 28 is bolted to the rear end of the tail cover 1. An end frame is bolted to the front end of the side beam 22. The front end of the fixed plate 29 and the side beam 22 are bolted to a gas spring support fixing plate 210. The front end of the gas spring support fixing plate 210 is movably inserted into the gas spring support fixing plate body 2101 through a set insert plate. The rear end of the gas spring support fixing plate 210 is movably inserted into the gas spring support positioning block body 2102 through a set insert plate. The front end of the front frame assembly 21 is bolted to a tapered pin mounting plate 211. The front end of the front frame assembly 21 is bolted to a support block 212.

[0022] The assembly method for this tail cover assembly fixture includes the following steps:

[0023] Step 1: Fix the end frame fixing plate to the support block using a locator. Fix the support block to the support frame using cylindrical screws and pins, and adjust the accurate position of the fixing plate. Fix the lock box fixing plate and the tapered pin fixing plate to the support frame using a quick-release locator, and adjust the accurate position of the fixing plate. Fix the outer surface positioning plate to the fixing plate using a quick-release locator. Connect the fixing plate to the support block on the support frame using cylindrical screws and pins, and confirm the accurate position of the outer surface positioning plate. Place the tail cover end frame on the lock box fixing plate, frame fixing plate, and tapered pin fixing plate. At the same time, use a locator to connect the fixing plate to the rear end frame, and confirm that each hinge point is in the accurate position.

[0024] Step 2: First, place the tail cover skin in the theoretical position. Accurately position the skin using the external surface positioning plate. Fix the front external surface positioning plate of the tail cover to the rear frame using cylindrical head screws and cylindrical pins. Adjust the tail cover skin to the accurate position. Drill holes on the skin ear pieces through the holes on the four ear piece fixing plates. After drilling, apply glue to the end frame, reset the skin, and use the positioning device to connect and fix the ear piece fixing plates and the holes on the skin. Apply pressure to the external surface positioning plate and wait for the glue to cure.

[0025] Step 3: After the tail cover skin and end frame are fixed, install the lock box on the lock box fixing plate. The inner cavity of the lock box should fit against three sides of the fixing plate, and one side should be bonded to the skin. Use cylindrical head shoulder screws to position and install the spring support and fixing plate. One side of the spring support should be bonded to the skin. The internal rib should be positioned with the process hole on the rib and the fixing plate using a locator, and the other side should be bonded to the skin. A replaceable drill bushing is set on the support block of the positioning hinge seat. Use the locator and the initial drill bushing to position the hinge. The hinge seat and the fixing plate are positioned by surface contact and hole axis matching, and the other side should be bonded to the skin for fixation.

[0026] Step 4: The end frame, lock box, tapered pin seat, spring support and skin are fixed by adhesive bonding and then connected with fasteners. The end frame, lock box, spring support and skin are all fixed with high-strength bolts. The initial holes are pre-drilled on the end frame, lock box and spring support. The initial holes are then pre-drilled on the skin according to the initial holes. Then, secondary drilling is performed on the skin and the end frame, lock box and spring support products from the skin side. The high-strength bolts are then installed to fix the products.

[0027] Step 5: The components on the tail cover and the skin are fixedly connected. The end face of the skin is ground in advance. The end face is ground according to the positioning plate of the outer surface to determine the accurate position of the rear end face of the skin. The locator of the hinge seat is removed, the drill sleeve on the fixing plate is replaced, and the hinge seat is reamed multiple times.

[0028] The present invention has been described in detail above. However, modifications or improvements can be made to it, which will be obvious to those skilled in the art. Therefore, any modifications or improvements that do not depart from the spirit of the present invention are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A tail cover assembly fixture, comprising a tail cover (1), characterized in that: The tail cover (1) is based on the skin (11) and the remaining components are installed. The tail cover (1) includes the skin (11), the hinge seat (12) at the top of the skin (11) is connected by bolts, the end frame (13) at the inner end of the skin (11) is connected by bolts, the lock box (14) at the inner wall of the skin (11) is connected by bolts, the gas spring support (15) at the inner wall of the skin (11) is connected by bolts, the inner frame (16) at the inner wall of the skin (11) is connected by bolts, and the tapered pin seat (17) at the bottom of the front end of the skin (11) is connected by bolts. Each hinge point and process hole of the assembly (2) is connected to the assembly fixture (2) via a locator. The assembly fixture (2) includes a front frame assembly (21), a side beam (22), and a rear frame assembly (23). The front end of the assembly fixture (2) is bolted to an end face profile plate (24). The front end of the end face profile plate (24) is movably connected to a profile plate transition (241) via a plate. The rear end of the profile plate transition (241) is movably connected to a partial profile plate (242) via a plate. The front end of the front frame assembly (21) is bolted to a lock box. The front end of the fixed plate (25) is movably connected to a single lock box fixed plate (251) via a set insert plate, and the rear end of the single lock box fixed plate (251) is movably connected to a lock box limiting block (252) via a set insert plate. The front end of the side beam (22) is bolted to a skin fixed plate (26), and the front end of the side beam (22) is bolted to a hinge fixed plate (27). The rear end of the tail cover (1) is bolted to a front-end shape clamping plate (28), and the front end of the side beam (22) is bolted to an end frame fixed plate. The front end of the side beam (22) is connected to a gas spring support fixing plate (210) by bolts. The front end of the gas spring support fixing plate (210) is movably connected to the gas spring support fixing plate body (2101) by setting an insert plate. The rear end of the gas spring support fixing plate (210) is movably connected to the gas spring support positioning block body (2102) by setting an insert plate. The front end of the front frame assembly (21) is connected to a tapered pin mounting plate (211) by bolts. The front end of the front frame assembly (21) is connected to a support block (212) by bolts.

2. The assembly method of the tail cover assembly fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: Step 1: Fix the end frame fixing plate (29) to the support block (212) using a locator, and fix the support block (212) to the support frame using cylindrical screws and cylindrical pins. Adjust the accurate position of the fixing plate. Fix the lock box fixing plate (25) and the tapered pin fixing plate to the support frame using a quick-release locator. Adjust the accurate position of the fixing plate. Fix the outer surface positioning plate to the fixing plate using a quick-release locator. Connect the fixing plate to the support block (212) on the support frame using cylindrical screws and cylindrical pins. Determine the accurate position of the outer surface positioning plate. Place the upper end frame (13) of the tail cover (1) on the lock box fixing plate (25), the frame fixing plate, and the tapered pin fixing plate. At the same time, use a locator to connect the fixing plate to the rear end frame (13). Confirm that each hinge point is in the accurate position. Step 2: First, place the skin (11) on the tail cover (1) in the theoretical position. Accurately position the skin (11) using the external surface positioning plate. Fix the front external surface positioning plate (28) on the tail cover (1) on the rear frame using cylindrical head screws and cylindrical pins. Adjust the skin (11) on the tail cover (1) to the accurate position. Drill holes on the ear plates of the skin (11) through the holes on the four ear plate fixing plates. After drilling, apply glue to the end frame (13), reset the skin (11), and use the positioning device to connect and fix the ear plate fixing plate and the holes on the skin (11). Apply pressure to the external surface positioning plate and wait for the glue to cure. Step 3: After the positions of the skin (11) and end frame (13) on the standby tail cover (1) are fixed, the lock box (14) is installed on the lock box fixing plate (25). The inner cavity of the lock box (14) is attached to three sides of the fixing plate, and one side is bonded to the skin (11). The spring support and the fixing plate are positioned and installed using cylindrical head shoulder screws. One side of the spring support is bonded to the skin (11). The internal rib is positioned by using a locator to position the process hole on the rib and the fixing plate. The other side is bonded to the skin (11). A replaceable drill sleeve is set on the support block (212) of the positioning hinge seat (12). The hinge is positioned using a locator and the initial drill sleeve. The hinge seat (12) and the fixing plate are positioned by surface contact and hole axis matching. The other side is bonded and fixed to the skin (11). Step 4: The end frame (13), lock box (14), tapered pin seat (17), spring support and skin (11) are fixed by adhesive bonding and then connected with fasteners. The end frame (13), lock box (14), spring support and skin (11) are all fixed with high-strength bolts. The initial holes are pre-drilled on the end frame (13), lock box (14) and spring support. The initial holes are then drilled on the skin (11) according to the initial holes. Then, secondary drilling is performed on the skin (11) and the end frame (13), lock box (14) and spring support products from the side of the skin (11). High-strength bolts are then installed to fix the products. Step 5: The components on the tail cover (1) and the skin (11) are fixedly connected. The end face of the skin (11) is ground in a large amount. The end face is ground according to the positioning plate of the outer surface to determine the accurate position of the rear end face of the skin (11). The locator of the hinge seat (12) is removed, the drill sleeve on the fixed plate is replaced, and the hinge seat (12) is reamed multiple times.

3. The tail cover assembly fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that: The assembly fixture (2) has a cuboid structure.

4. The tail cover assembly fixture according to claim 3, characterized in that: The end frame (13) is fixed to the end frame fixing plate (29) by a locator, and the end frame fixing plate (29) constrains the end frame (13) by surface fitting and hole axis matching.

5. The tail cover assembly fixture according to claim 4, characterized in that: The end frame (13) is positioned by using a shape card plate, and then the end frame (13) is fitted with holes according to the holes on the fixing plate, and then fixed with a locator.

6. The tail cover assembly fixture according to claim 5, characterized in that: The skin (11) is fixed by ear holes and positioning device, and the outline is defined by the shape plate. A conformal limiting plate is set at the front end of the tail cover (1), and the center of the limiting block is open.

7. The tail cover assembly fixture according to claim 6, characterized in that: The end frame (13) is fixed by the positioning hole on it and the positioning hole on the end frame fixing plate (29).

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