Diagnostic and measurement method for blockage position and blockage length of chute shaft

Abstract

The present invention provides a method for diagnosing the blockage position and blockage length of a chute shaft. A borehole is drilled on each side of the chute shaft, and elastic wave cross-hole seismic technology is used to monitor and diagnose the damage to the chute shaft, determine the blockage form of the chute, and determine the location of the blockage, thereby providing technical support for the operation and maintenance of the chute. The present application can also monitor the wall of the chute shaft, determine the damage to the wall of the chute shaft, and promptly notify relevant maintenance personnel to perform maintenance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of blockage detection, and more specifically, to a method for diagnosing and measuring the blockage position and length of a chute shaft. Background Art

[0002] The chute is one of the commonly used mining methods. Its advantage is that it can use the height difference between the upper and lower openings of the chute to allow the ore to flow by its own weight, which has obvious technical and economic advantages. However, a large number of studies have shown that the blockage of the chute shaft has become an important factor affecting the stable operation of mine production in mines that adopt the chute development method. Although scholars and technicians in the industry have conducted a lot of research on the causes, preventive measures and treatment methods of chute shaft blockage and achieved fruitful results, the judgment of the form of chute shaft blockage and the diagnosis of its location are still the difficulties in chute blockage treatment. Summary of the invention

[0003] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for diagnosing and measuring the blockage position and blockage length of a chute shaft, so as to overcome the disadvantages of the prior art that it is difficult to judge the blockage position and length of a chute shaft.

[0004] The above technical objectives of the present invention are achieved through the following technical solutions: A method for diagnosing and measuring the blockage position and blockage length of a chute shaft, comprising:

[0005] S1. Drill a first borehole and a second borehole on both sides of the chute shaft respectively; the first borehole and the second borehole are parallel to the chute shaft; the axis of the first borehole, the axis of the second borehole and the axis of the chute shaft are located in the same plane;

[0006] S2, placing at least one transmitter in the first borehole; placing receivers corresponding to the transmitters in the second borehole;

[0007] S3, using the transmitter to transmit a seismic wave signal to the chute shaft; using the receiver to receive the seismic wave signal after being refracted by the chute shaft;

[0008] S4. Determine the blockage position and blockage length in the chute according to the received refracted seismic wave signal.

[0009] Optionally, drilling a first borehole and a second borehole on both sides of the chute shaft respectively comprises:

[0010] S101, drilling a first rock hole on one side of the wellbore using a drilling rig; flushing the first rock hole using mud;

[0011] S102, installing a first PVC pipe in the flushed first rock hole, wherein the bottom of the first PVC pipe is in a closed state;

[0012] S103, detecting the bottom position of the first PVC pipe to determine whether the bottom of the first PVC pipe reaches a predetermined depth; if not, pulling the first PVC pipe out of the first rock hole and reinserting the first PVC pipe into the first rock hole; if yes, checking whether the interior of the first PVC pipe is blocked; if yes, pulling the first PVC pipe out of the first rock hole, cleaning the interior of the first PVC pipe, and reinserting the first PVC pipe into the first rock hole;

[0013] S104, extracting the steel casing of the drilling rig from the first rock hole;

[0014] S105: sealing the top opening of the first rock hole to obtain a first borehole.

[0015] Optionally, the method of drilling a first rock hole on one side of the chute shaft by using a drilling rig includes: a distance L1 between the axis of the first rock hole and the axis of the chute shaft satisfies: 5m≤L1≤10m; a first diameter of the first borehole satisfy:

[0016] The detecting the bottom position of the first PVC pipe to determine whether the bottom of the first PVC pipe reaches a predetermined depth includes:

[0017] Determine whether the first depth depth1 of the first borehole and the third depth depth3 of the chute shaft satisfy:

[0018] depth3+2m≤depth1≤depth3+5m;

[0019] If yes, it is determined that the bottom of the first PVC pipe has reached the predetermined depth; if no, it is determined that the bottom of the first PVC pipe has not reached the predetermined depth;

[0020] The step of installing the first PVC pipe in the first rock hole after flushing also includes: the thickness δ1 of the first PVC pipe satisfies: 2.3mm≤δ1; before installing the first PVC pipe, tying a rope at the bottom end of the first PVC pipe, and while installing the first PVC pipe, injecting clean water into the interior of the first PVC pipe.

[0021] Optionally, drilling a first borehole and a second borehole on both sides of the chute shaft respectively comprises:

[0022] S106, drilling a second rock hole on the other side of the wellbore using a drilling rig; and flushing the second rock hole using mud;

[0023] S107, installing a second PVC pipe in the flushed second rock hole, wherein the bottom of the second PVC pipe is in a closed state;

[0024] S108, detecting the bottom position of the second PVC pipe to determine whether the bottom of the second PVC pipe reaches a predetermined depth; if not, pulling out the second PVC pipe from the second rock hole and reinserting the second PVC pipe into the second rock hole; if yes, checking whether the interior of the second PVC pipe is blocked; if yes, pulling out the second PVC pipe from the second rock hole, cleaning the interior of the second PVC pipe, and reinserting the second PVC pipe into the second rock hole;

[0025] S109, extracting the steel casing of the drilling rig from the second rock hole;

[0026] S110, sealing the top opening of the second rock hole to obtain a second borehole.

[0027] Optionally, the method of drilling a second rock hole on the other side of the chute shaft by using a drilling rig includes: a distance L2 between the second borehole and the chute satisfies: 5m≤L2≤10m; a second diameter of the second borehole satisfy:

[0028] The detecting the bottom position of the second PVC pipe to determine whether the bottom of the second PVC pipe reaches a predetermined depth includes:

[0029] Determine whether the second depth depth2 of the second borehole and the third depth depth3 of the chute shaft satisfy:

[0030] depth3+2m≤depth2≤depth3+5m;

[0031] If yes, it is determined that the bottom of the second PVC pipe has reached the predetermined depth; if no, it is determined that the bottom of the second PVC pipe has not reached the predetermined depth;

[0032] The method of installing a second PVC pipe in the second rock hole after flushing also includes: the thickness δ2 of the second PVC pipe satisfies: 2.3mm≤δ2; before installing the second PVC pipe, tying a rope at the bottom end of the second PVC pipe; and while installing the second PVC pipe, injecting clean water into the interior of the second PVC pipe.

[0033] Optionally, placing at least one transmitter in the first borehole; and placing receivers corresponding to the transmitters in the second boreholes include:

[0034] A transmitter is arranged at a predetermined interval in the first borehole; a receiver is arranged at a predetermined interval in the second borehole;

[0035] The predetermined distance D1 satisfies: 0.5m≤D1≤1m.

[0036] Optionally, the step of transmitting a seismic wave signal to a chute shaft by the transmitter and receiving the seismic wave signal after being refracted by the chute shaft by the receiver comprises:

[0037] Utilize each transmitter to transmit seismic wave signals to the wellbore;

[0038] Each receiver is used to receive the refracted seismic wave signals emitted by all transmitters.

[0039] Optionally, the method of transmitting a seismic wave signal to a chute shaft by the transmitter and receiving the seismic wave signal after being refracted by the chute shaft by the receiver further includes:

[0040] Arrange a plurality of the transmitters and a plurality of the receivers at the same height in a one-to-one correspondence;

[0041] Alternatively, a plurality of the transmitters and a plurality of the receivers are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence according to a predetermined height difference;

[0042] Alternatively, a plurality of the receiving sensors are controlled to remain fixed; and all the transmitters are controlled to move upward or downward as a whole according to a predetermined stepping distance;

[0043] Alternatively, a plurality of the transmitters are controlled to remain fixed; and all the receiving sensors are controlled to move upward or downward as a whole according to a predetermined stepping distance.

[0044] Optionally, judging the blockage position and blockage length in the chute shaft according to the received refracted seismic wave signal includes:

[0045] According to a predetermined rule, the plane where the axis of the first borehole, the axis of the second borehole and the axis of the chute shaft are located is divided into k=m*n sub-areas; wherein m means m sub-areas in the horizontal distance; n means n sub-areas in the vertical depth;

[0046] Use several transmitters to transmit α times of seismic wave signals respectively, use several receivers to receive α times of seismic wave signals respectively, and calculate the total energy loss p of each seismic wave signal k , (k=1,2,3,...,m*n);

[0047] Using the total energy loss p of each seismic wave signal k And the preset inversion algorithm calculates the electromagnetic wave energy absorption coefficient x of each sub-area k ,include:

[0048]

[0049] Among them, A αkrepresents the path length corresponding to the αth seismic wave signal passing through the kth sub-region;

[0050] According to the electromagnetic wave energy absorption coefficient x corresponding to each sub-area k , corresponding to the estimated two-dimensional spatial distribution diagram of electromagnetic wave energy absorption coefficient;

[0051] According to the two-dimensional spatial distribution diagram of the electromagnetic wave energy absorption coefficient, the blockage position and blockage length in the chute shaft are determined.

[0052] Optionally, the method further includes: judging the damage condition of the wall of the chute shaft according to the two-dimensional spatial distribution diagram of the electromagnetic wave energy absorption coefficient.

[0053] In summary, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: the present application provides a method for diagnosing the location and length of blockage in a chute shaft, by drilling a borehole on each side of the chute shaft, and using elastic wave cross-hole seismic technology to monitor and diagnose the damage to the chute shaft, determine the form of blockage in the chute, and determine the location of the blockage, thereby providing technical support for the operation and maintenance of the chute. The present application can also monitor the wall of the chute shaft, determine the damage to the wall of the chute shaft, and promptly notify relevant maintenance personnel to perform maintenance. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0054] Figure 1 A flow chart of a method for diagnosing and measuring a blockage position and blockage length of a chute shaft of the present invention;

[0055] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the method for diagnosing and measuring the blockage position and blockage length of a chute shaft of the present invention;

[0056] Figure 3 The longitudinal wave velocity table corresponding to different rock and soil media of the present invention;

[0057] Figure 4 This is a schematic structural diagram corresponding to Embodiment 2 of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0058] In order to make the purpose, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the specific implementation methods of the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Several embodiments of the present invention are shown in the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention can be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein.

[0059] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal connection of two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to the specific circumstances. The terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features.

[0060] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the first feature being "above" or "below" the second feature may include the first and second features being in direct contact, or may include the first and second features being in contact not directly but through another feature between them. Moreover, the first feature being "above", "above" and "above" the second feature includes the first feature being directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. The first feature being "below", "below" and "below" the second feature includes the first feature being directly below and obliquely below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature. The terms "vertical", "horizontal", "left", "right", "above", "below" and similar expressions are for illustrative purposes only, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0061] The present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0062] The present invention provides a method for diagnosing and measuring the blockage position and blockage length of a chute shaft, such as Figure 1 As shown, including:

[0063] S1. Drill a first borehole and a second borehole on both sides of the chute shaft respectively; the first borehole and the second borehole are parallel to the chute shaft; the axis of the first borehole, the axis of the second borehole and the axis of the chute shaft are located in the same plane;

[0064] S2, placing at least one transmitter in the first borehole; placing receivers corresponding to the transmitters in the second borehole;

[0065] S3, using the transmitter to transmit a seismic wave signal to the chute shaft; using the receiver to receive the seismic wave signal after being refracted by the chute shaft;

[0066] S4. Determine the blockage position and blockage length in the chute according to the received refracted seismic wave signal.

[0067] In practical applications, in order to measure and determine the blockage location in the chute shaft, the present application uses elastic wave cross-hole seismic technology to monitor and diagnose the damage to the chute shaft, determine the blockage situation in the chute, determine the flow blockage location and blockage length, so as to provide technical support to relevant technical personnel.

[0068] Specifically, it is first necessary to drill a first borehole and a second borehole on both sides of the chute shaft respectively; the first borehole and the second borehole are parallel to the chute shaft, and the axis of the first borehole, the axis of the second borehole and the axis of the chute shaft are located in the same plane, so that when the transmitter in the first borehole transmits a seismic wave signal, and it is transmitted through the shaft to the receiver in the second borehole, the entire position of the chute shaft can be fully monitored.

[0069] Specifically, when seismic waves propagate underground, part of their energy will be absorbed by the propagation medium. The extent of the absorption of seismic waves is related to factors such as the lithology, mineral composition and content, water content, and porosity of the stratum. The relationship can be approximately expressed as:

[0070]

[0071] Where: E represents the intensity of the seismic wave signal received by the receiver; E0 represents the intensity of the seismic wave signal emitted by the transmitter; β represents the dielectric absorption coefficient; γ represents the transmitting and receiving distance between the transmitter and the receiver; f(θ) represents the directional factor related to the transmitting and receiving antennas; θ represents the angle between the receiver and the transmitter.

[0072] Generally speaking, intact rock mass exhibits low absorption characteristics, while when muddy and water-filled karst or broken areas develop in the rock mass, it exhibits high absorption characteristics.

[0073] Furthermore, the first borehole and the second borehole are drilled on both sides of the chute shaft, respectively, including:

[0074] S101, drilling a first rock hole on one side of the wellbore using a drilling rig; flushing the first rock hole using mud;

[0075] S102, installing a first PVC pipe in the flushed first rock hole, wherein the bottom of the first PVC pipe is in a closed state;

[0076] S103, detecting the bottom position of the first PVC pipe to determine whether the bottom of the first PVC pipe reaches a predetermined depth; if not, pulling the first PVC pipe out of the first rock hole and reinserting the first PVC pipe into the first rock hole; if yes, checking whether the interior of the first PVC pipe is blocked; if yes, pulling the first PVC pipe out of the first rock hole, cleaning the interior of the first PVC pipe, and reinserting the first PVC pipe into the first rock hole;

[0077] S104, extracting the steel casing of the drilling rig from the first rock hole;

[0078] S105: sealing the top opening of the first rock hole to obtain a first borehole.

[0079] Further, the method of drilling a first rock hole on one side of the chute shaft by using a drilling rig includes: a distance L1 between the axis of the first rock hole and the axis of the chute shaft satisfies: 5m≤L1≤10m; a first diameter of the first borehole satisfy:

[0080] The detecting the bottom position of the first PVC pipe to determine whether the bottom of the first PVC pipe reaches a predetermined depth includes:

[0081] Determine whether the first depth depth1 of the first borehole and the third depth depth3 of the chute shaft satisfy:

[0082] depth3+2m≤depth1≤depth3+5m;

[0083] If yes, it is determined that the bottom of the first PVC pipe has reached the predetermined depth; if no, it is determined that the bottom of the first PVC pipe has not reached the predetermined depth;

[0084] The step of installing the first PVC pipe in the first rock hole after flushing also includes: the thickness δ1 of the first PVC pipe satisfies: 2.3mm≤δ1; before installing the first PVC pipe, tying a rope at the bottom end of the first PVC pipe, and while installing the first PVC pipe, injecting clean water into the interior of the first PVC pipe.

[0085] Furthermore, the first borehole and the second borehole are drilled on both sides of the chute shaft, respectively, including:

[0086] S106, drilling a second rock hole on the other side of the wellbore using a drilling rig; and flushing the second rock hole using mud;

[0087] S107, installing a second PVC pipe in the flushed second rock hole, wherein the bottom of the second PVC pipe is in a closed state;

[0088] S108, detecting the bottom position of the second PVC pipe to determine whether the bottom of the second PVC pipe reaches a predetermined depth; if not, pulling out the second PVC pipe from the second rock hole and reinserting the second PVC pipe into the second rock hole; if yes, checking whether the interior of the second PVC pipe is blocked; if yes, pulling out the second PVC pipe from the second rock hole, cleaning the interior of the second PVC pipe, and reinserting the second PVC pipe into the second rock hole;

[0089] S109, extracting the steel casing of the drilling rig from the second rock hole;

[0090] S110, sealing the top opening of the second rock hole to obtain a second borehole.

[0091] Furthermore, the method of drilling a second rock hole on the other side of the chute shaft by using a drilling rig includes: the distance L2 between the second borehole and the chute satisfies: 5m≤L2≤10m; the second diameter of the second borehole satisfy:

[0092] The detecting the bottom position of the second PVC pipe to determine whether the bottom of the second PVC pipe reaches a predetermined depth includes:

[0093] Determine whether the second depth depth2 of the second borehole and the third depth depth3 of the chute shaft satisfy:

[0094] depth3+2m≤depth2≤depth3+5m;

[0095] If yes, it is determined that the bottom of the second PVC pipe has reached the predetermined depth; if no, it is determined that the bottom of the second PVC pipe has not reached the predetermined depth;

[0096] The method of installing a second PVC pipe in the second rock hole after flushing also includes: the thickness δ2 of the second PVC pipe satisfies: 2.3mm≤δ2; before installing the second PVC pipe, tying a rope at the bottom end of the second PVC pipe; and while installing the second PVC pipe, injecting clean water into the interior of the second PVC pipe.

[0097] In practical applications,

[0098] Further, placing at least one transmitter in the first borehole; placing receivers corresponding to the transmitters in the second boreholes, comprises:

[0099] A transmitter is arranged at a predetermined interval in the first borehole; a receiver is arranged at a predetermined interval in the second borehole;

[0100] The predetermined distance D1 satisfies: 0.5m≤D1≤1m.

[0101] In practical applications, the first borehole and the second borehole are arranged on both sides of the shaft diameter line at 6 to 10 meters away from the shaft wall. The smaller the distance between the two boreholes, the more accurate the measurement result obtained by calculation; however, there is a support layer of the shaft around the shaft, so it is necessary to determine the distance between the two boreholes according to the width of the support layer; the borehole diameter should be no less than 91mm. A transmitter (spark source) is set in the first borehole to transmit cross-hole seismic waves, and a receiver (in-hole detector) is set in the first borehole to receive them. Figure 3 As shown in the figure, this technology can be successfully used in various strata such as rock (or gravel, sand layer) soil layer (including soft soil), and is effective above or below the groundwater level; the source and receiver are both set inside the borehole and are not easily disturbed and restricted by the external environment. The excitation energy of the source should be able to produce sufficient signal strength in the observation hole without damaging the drilling casing; the detector should be a hydrophone with an amplifier, and its receiving passband should be wide enough; the recording instrument should have a vertical stacking function, and the sampling interval should not be greater than 1% of the minimum travel time between wells (the time from excitation to reception). For example, in the air, the speed of the longitudinal wave is 500m / s, and the distance between the first borehole and the second borehole is 10m, so the transmission time of the longitudinal wave is 10 / 500=0.02s=20ms; then the sampling interval should be less than 20ms, that is, the sampling frequency should be greater than 50Hz; similarly, according to the transmission speed of the longitudinal wave and the distance between the boreholes, the corresponding minimum sampling frequency of the receiver can be calculated.

[0102] In the actual drilling process, in order to ensure that the drilling can meet the requirements, the drilling is deeper and there are more sediments. First, the depth of the drilling needs to be 2-5 meters deeper than the depth of the chute to leave space for sedimentation. Generally, the borehole diameter is not less than 91mm. In order to ensure the stability of the space in the drilling hole, it is necessary to install a PVC pipe in the drilling hole after the drilling is completed; the thickness of the PVC pipe should be greater than 2.3mm and the diameter should be greater than 75mm to ensure the stability of the use of the PVC pipe. When installing the PVC pipe, the bottom of the PVC pipe needs to be blocked with a plug to ensure that the sediment does not enter the pipe; the specific installation method is: while lowering the PVC pipe, inject clean water into the pipe to offset the buoyancy of the PVC pipe; and tie a nylon rope at the bottom of the PVC pipe to prevent it from being disconnected, so that it can be pulled up and reinstalled. After the full hole is installed, a small amount of gravel and sand can be thrown outside the PVC pipe to prevent the PVC pipe from floating. After the PVC pipe is installed, the drill must pull out all the steel casings, and no steel casings should remain in the hole. During the lifting of the steel casing, pay attention to the lifting speed and strength, and do not damage the PVC pipe in the hole. After the steel casing is pulled out, the depth of the PVC pipe into the hole should be measured again to see if it meets the design requirements, and whether there are problems such as blockage in the middle. After the drilling rig is moved away, the hole mouth should not be directly exposed to the outside, and necessary covering measures should be taken to prevent vehicles and pedestrians from damaging the PVC pipe, and to prevent unnecessary engineering accidents. The pipe mouth should be sealed to prevent objects from falling into the hole, and the hole number and other information should be marked at the pipe mouth.

[0103] Further, the method of transmitting the seismic wave signal to the chute shaft by the transmitter and receiving the seismic wave signal after being refracted by the chute shaft by the receiver comprises:

[0104] Utilize each transmitter to transmit seismic wave signals to the wellbore;

[0105] Each receiver is used to receive the refracted seismic wave signals emitted by all transmitters.

[0106] Place spark sources in the launch hole, set the spacing to 0.5m to 1m, and excite and receive at equal intervals. For each excitation point, receive at all receiving points. It is recommended to set the frequency to be greater than 1000Hz; the spacing between receiving sensors is set to 1m; the spacing between transmitters is set to 1m; the sampling interval is usually less than 21 microseconds; the signal band reception of the receiver adopts 400Hz low-cut filtering; and for each measurement, the receiver needs to repeat the reception: 5 to 10 times.

[0107] Furthermore, the method of transmitting a seismic wave signal to a chute shaft by the transmitter and receiving the seismic wave signal refracted by the chute shaft by the receiver further includes:

[0108] Arrange a plurality of the transmitters and a plurality of the receivers at the same height in a one-to-one correspondence;

[0109] Alternatively, a plurality of the transmitters and a plurality of the receivers are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence according to a predetermined height difference;

[0110] Alternatively, a plurality of the receiving sensors are controlled to remain fixed; and all the transmitters are controlled to move upward or downward as a whole according to a predetermined stepping distance;

[0111] Alternatively, a plurality of the transmitters are controlled to remain fixed; and all the receiving sensors are controlled to move upward or downward as a whole according to a predetermined stepping distance.

[0112] In actual applications, during on-site construction, a transmitting antenna is placed in one borehole and a receiving antenna is placed in another borehole, and tomographic observations are performed on the inter-hole profile between the two boreholes at a certain ray density. The observation methods can be divided into two types: synchronous observation and fixed-point observation. Synchronous observation includes horizontal synchronous observation and oblique synchronous observation. Horizontal synchronization means that the transmitting and receiving antennas are kept at the same horizontal height for observation, and oblique synchronization means that the transmitting and receiving antennas maintain a certain height difference for observation. Fixed-point observation means that the transmitting antenna (or receiving antenna) is fixed at a certain depth, and the receiving antenna (or transmitting antenna) is moved according to the designed step distance for observation.

[0113] Further, judging the blockage position and blockage length in the chute shaft according to the received refracted seismic wave signal includes:

[0114] According to a predetermined rule, the plane where the axis of the first borehole, the axis of the second borehole and the axis of the chute shaft are located is divided into k=m*n sub-areas; wherein m means m sub-areas in the horizontal distance; n means n sub-areas in the vertical depth;

[0115] Use several transmitters to transmit α times of seismic wave signals respectively, use several receivers to receive α times of seismic wave signals respectively, and calculate the total energy loss p of each seismic wave signal k , (k=1, 2, 3,..., m*n);

[0116] Using the total energy loss p of each seismic wave signal k And the preset inversion algorithm calculates the electromagnetic wave energy absorption coefficient x of each sub-area k ,include:

[0117]

[0118] Among them, A αk represents the path length corresponding to the αth seismic wave signal passing through the kth sub-region;

[0119] According to the electromagnetic wave energy absorption coefficient x corresponding to each sub-areak , corresponding to the estimated two-dimensional spatial distribution diagram of electromagnetic wave energy absorption coefficient;

[0120] According to the two-dimensional spatial distribution diagram of the electromagnetic wave energy absorption coefficient, the blockage position and blockage length in the chute shaft are determined.

[0121] During data processing, the imaging area is divided into k = m*n (m in the horizontal direction and n in the vertical direction) grid units. The grid size is determined according to the observation system and the detection accuracy requirements. k is the electromagnetic wave absorption coefficient of the kth grid unit, A k is the length of the ray passing through the kth grid unit, then the total electromagnetic wave loss of the αth ray p α It can be expressed by the following formula: A1x1+A2x2+A3x3+...+A k x k =p α .

[0122] The total electromagnetic wave loss of α rays is p α It can be calculated from the difference between the energy emitted by the electromagnetic wave and the energy at the receiving end of the seismic wave signal. By dividing the plane and based on the placement of the transmitter and receiver, the transmission length of the seismic wave signal within each sub-area can be calculated.

[0123] According to the transmission length and the corresponding total electromagnetic wave loss, by setting enough equations to be combined, the electromagnetic wave absorption coefficient corresponding to each sub-region can be solved.

[0124] Furthermore, the method also includes: judging the damage condition of the wall of the chute shaft according to the two-dimensional spatial distribution diagram of the electromagnetic wave energy absorption coefficient.

[0125] In practical applications, 1) elastic wave cross-hole seismic data processing should extract common excitation point gathers, pick up the first arrival time, and alternately use common receiving point gathers and common excitation point gathers to check the accuracy of the first arrival picking; when the hole depth is greater than 20m, it is advisable to perform well deviation correction; the imaging area should be divided into squares. The side length should be equal to the minimum value of the excitation point spacing and the receiving point spacing; 2) the imaging image should be in the form of pseudo-color blocks and contour lines; the same color spectrum and color scale should be used, and the color division should be carried out at a speed interval of 200m / s according to the velocity model obtained by inversion, and then the engineering geological profiles can be superimposed together to obtain the wave velocity image. 3) Drawing of wave velocity images and comprehensive geological interpretation profiles: with the wave velocity image as the background, historical data and geophysical interpretation results are superimposed to draw a comprehensive interpretation geological profile including rock and soil stratification, chute interface, and chute blockage boundary. 4) The results should include image maps and interpretation profile maps. The image and geological interpretation profile map of the same profile or survey line should be drawn in the same map. Based on this, the damage to the chute shaft can be monitored to determine the location and length of the chute blockage.

[0126] Further, such as Figure 4 As shown, the present application also provides another specific implementation method, including: drilling a plurality of pairs of first boreholes and second boreholes around the chute shaft, respectively, using the plurality of pairs of boreholes to monitor the blockage status in the chute shaft, and obtaining a corresponding number of plane images, and constructing a corresponding 3D model based on the plurality of pairs of plane images to obtain a 3D model of the inside of the chute shaft.

[0127] The technical features of the above embodiments may be combined arbitrarily. To make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0128] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. All technical solutions under the concept of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, some improvements and modifications without departing from the principle of the present invention should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for diagnosing and measuring the blockage position and blockage length of a chute shaft, characterized in that: include: S1. Drill a first borehole and a second borehole on both sides of the chute shaft respectively; the first borehole and the second borehole are parallel to the chute shaft; the axis of the first borehole, the axis of the second borehole and the axis of the chute shaft are located in the same plane; S2, placing at least one transmitter in the first borehole; placing receivers corresponding to the transmitters in the second borehole; S3, using the transmitter to transmit a seismic wave signal to the chute shaft; using the receiver to receive the seismic wave signal after being refracted by the chute shaft; S4, judging the blockage position and blockage length in the chute shaft according to the received refracted seismic wave signal; said placing at least one transmitter in said first borehole; Placing receivers corresponding to the transmitters in the second boreholes, including: A transmitter is arranged at a predetermined interval in the first borehole; a receiver is arranged at a predetermined interval in the second borehole; The predetermined distance satisfy: ; The method of transmitting a seismic wave signal to a chute shaft by using the transmitter and receiving the seismic wave signal refracted by the chute shaft by using the receiver comprises: Utilize each transmitter to transmit seismic wave signals to the wellbore; Using respective receivers to receive the refracted seismic wave signals emitted by all transmitters; The method of transmitting a seismic wave signal to a chute shaft by using the transmitter and receiving the seismic wave signal refracted by the chute shaft by using the receiver also includes: Arrange a plurality of the transmitters and a plurality of the receivers at the same height in a one-to-one correspondence; Alternatively, a plurality of the transmitters and a plurality of the receivers are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence according to a predetermined height difference; Alternatively, a plurality of the receiving sensors are controlled to remain fixed; and all the transmitters are controlled to move upward or downward as a whole according to a predetermined stepping distance; Alternatively, a plurality of the transmitters are controlled to remain fixed; and all the receiving sensors are controlled to move upward or downward as a whole according to a predetermined stepping distance; The method of determining the blockage position and blockage length in the chute shaft according to the received refracted seismic wave signal comprises: According to the predetermined rules, the plane where the axis of the first borehole, the axis of the second borehole and the axis of the chute shaft are located is divided into Several sub-regions; among them, Indicates that there is a horizontal distance sub-regions; Indicates that there is a vertical depth sub-regions; Use several transmitters to transmit Subseismic wave signals are received by several receivers. Subseismic wave signals, calculate the total energy loss of each seismic wave signal ; Using the total energy loss of each seismic wave signal And the preset inversion algorithm calculates the electromagnetic wave energy absorption coefficient of each sub-area ,include: in, Indicates The seismic wave signal passes through the The path length corresponding to each sub-area; According to the electromagnetic wave energy absorption coefficient corresponding to each sub-area , corresponding to the estimated two-dimensional spatial distribution diagram of electromagnetic wave energy absorption coefficient; According to the two-dimensional spatial distribution diagram of the electromagnetic wave energy absorption coefficient, the blockage position and blockage length in the chute are determined; The method for diagnosing and measuring the blockage position and blockage length of a chute shaft also includes: judging the damage to the wall of the chute shaft based on the two-dimensional spatial distribution diagram of the electromagnetic wave energy absorption coefficient.

2. The method for diagnosing and measuring the blockage position and blockage length of a chute shaft according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method of drilling a first borehole and a second borehole on both sides of the chute shaft comprises: S101, drilling a first rock hole on one side of the wellbore using a drilling rig; flushing the first rock hole using mud; S102, installing a first PVC pipe in the flushed first rock hole, wherein the bottom of the first PVC pipe is in a closed state; S103, detecting the bottom position of the first PVC pipe to determine whether the bottom of the first PVC pipe reaches a predetermined depth; if not, pulling the first PVC pipe out of the first rock hole and reinserting the first PVC pipe into the first rock hole; if yes, checking whether the interior of the first PVC pipe is blocked; if yes, pulling the first PVC pipe out of the first rock hole, cleaning the interior of the first PVC pipe, and reinserting the first PVC pipe into the first rock hole; S104, extracting the steel casing of the drilling rig from the first rock hole; S105: sealing the top opening of the first rock hole to obtain a first borehole.

3. The method for diagnosing and measuring the blockage position and blockage length of a chute shaft according to claim 2, characterized in that: The method of drilling a first rock hole on one side of the chute shaft by using a drilling rig comprises: a distance between the axis of the first rock hole and the axis of the chute shaft satisfy: ; A first diameter of the first borehole satisfy: ; The detecting the bottom position of the first PVC pipe to determine whether the bottom of the first PVC pipe reaches a predetermined depth includes: Determining a first depth of the first borehole The third depth of the chute Whether it meets: If yes, it is determined that the bottom of the first PVC pipe has reached the predetermined depth; if no, it is determined that the bottom of the first PVC pipe has not reached the predetermined depth; The method of installing a first PVC pipe in the first rock hole after flushing also includes: the thickness of the first PVC pipe is satisfy: Before installing the first PVC pipe, tie a rope at the bottom of the first PVC pipe, and while installing the first PVC pipe, inject clean water into the interior of the first PVC pipe.

4. The method for diagnosing and measuring the blockage position and blockage length of a chute shaft according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method of drilling a first borehole and a second borehole on both sides of the chute shaft comprises: S106, drilling a second rock hole on the other side of the wellbore using a drilling rig; and flushing the second rock hole using mud; S107, installing a second PVC pipe in the flushed second rock hole, wherein the bottom of the second PVC pipe is in a closed state; S108, detecting the bottom position of the second PVC pipe to determine whether the bottom of the second PVC pipe reaches a predetermined depth; if not, pulling out the second PVC pipe from the second rock hole and reinserting the second PVC pipe into the second rock hole; if yes, checking whether the interior of the second PVC pipe is blocked; if yes, pulling out the second PVC pipe from the second rock hole, cleaning the interior of the second PVC pipe, and reinserting the second PVC pipe into the second rock hole; S109, extracting the steel casing of the drilling rig from the second rock hole; S110, sealing the top opening of the second rock hole to obtain a second borehole.

5. The method for diagnosing and measuring the blockage position and blockage length of a chute shaft according to claim 4, characterized in that: The method of drilling a second rock hole on the other side of the chute shaft by using a drilling rig includes: the distance between the second borehole and the chute satisfy: ; The second diameter of the second borehole satisfy: ; The detecting the bottom position of the second PVC pipe to determine whether the bottom of the second PVC pipe reaches a predetermined depth includes: Determining a second depth of the second borehole The third depth of the chute Whether it meets: If yes, it is determined that the bottom of the second PVC pipe has reached the predetermined depth; if no, it is determined that the bottom of the second PVC pipe has not reached the predetermined depth; The method of installing a second PVC pipe in the flushed second rock hole further includes: the thickness of the second PVC pipe is satisfy: ; Before installing the second PVC pipe, tie a rope at the bottom end of the second PVC pipe; while installing the second PVC pipe, inject clean water into the interior of the second PVC pipe.

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