Marine co2 capture and storage system and ship

Abstract

This invention provides a marine carbon dioxide capture and storage system and a vessel. The marine carbon dioxide capture and storage system includes an exhaust carbon capture device, a buffer tank, a high-pressure liquid carbon dioxide storage system, and a medium-pressure liquid carbon dioxide storage system. The exhaust carbon capture device captures gaseous carbon dioxide from combustion exhaust gases. The buffer tank is connected to the exhaust carbon capture device and stores the captured gaseous carbon dioxide. The high-pressure liquid carbon dioxide storage system is connected to the buffer tank and pressurizes and liquefies the gaseous carbon dioxide to a first preset pressure value and stores it. The medium-pressure liquid carbon dioxide storage system is connected to the buffer tank and pressurizes and liquefies the gaseous carbon dioxide to a second preset pressure value and stores it, wherein the first preset pressure value is greater than the second preset pressure value. This invention enables the effective collection and reuse of carbon dioxide generated by ship combustion.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of marine engineering equipment technology, and more specifically, to a marine carbon dioxide capture and storage system and a vessel. Background Technology

[0002] With increasingly stringent environmental requirements in the international shipping industry, ship combustion exhaust emissions must not only be desulfurized and denitrified, but also decarbonized. Simultaneously, to promote the achievement of "carbon peaking and carbon neutrality," ship exhaust carbon capture technology has emerged. Carbon capture devices capture and collect carbon dioxide from the exhaust gases produced by the combustion of fossil fuels in ship internal combustion engines, effectively reducing ship carbon dioxide emissions.

[0003] Currently, captured carbon dioxide is usually liquefied and stored on ships, then unloaded at specific locations or ports. Storing captured carbon dioxide inevitably takes up space and cargo capacity on the ship, making the rational use of captured carbon dioxide a major challenge. Summary of the Invention

[0004] (a) Technical problems to be solved

[0005] The technical problem that this invention aims to solve is that the exhaust gases produced by existing ship combustion cannot be effectively utilized after being captured.

[0006] (II) Technical Solution

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0008] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a marine carbon dioxide capture and storage system, which is installed in the hull of a ship and includes an exhaust carbon capture device, a buffer tank, a high-pressure liquid carbon dioxide storage system, and a medium-pressure liquid carbon dioxide storage system. The exhaust carbon capture device is used to capture gaseous carbon dioxide from combustion exhaust gas. The buffer tank is connected to the exhaust carbon capture device and is used to store the captured gaseous carbon dioxide. The high-pressure liquid carbon dioxide storage system is connected to the buffer tank and is used to pressurize and liquefy the gaseous carbon dioxide to a first preset pressure value and store it. The medium-pressure liquid carbon dioxide storage system is connected to the buffer tank and is used to pressurize and liquefy the gaseous carbon dioxide to a second preset pressure value and store it, wherein the first preset pressure value is greater than the second preset pressure value.

[0009] Preferably, the waste gas carbon capture device uses at least one of the following methods to capture gaseous carbon dioxide: chemical absorption, physical absorption, membrane separation, adsorption, and low-temperature distillation.

[0010] Preferably, the high-pressure liquid carbon dioxide storage system includes a first compressor, a first cooler, and a high-pressure liquid carbon dioxide storage module. The first compressor is connected to the buffer tank and is used to pressurize and liquefy the gaseous carbon dioxide to a first preset pressure value to form high-pressure liquid carbon dioxide. The first cooler is connected to the first compressor and is used to cool the high-pressure liquid carbon dioxide to a first preset temperature. The high-pressure liquid carbon dioxide storage module is used to store high-pressure liquid carbon dioxide at the first preset temperature.

[0011] Preferably, the high-pressure liquid carbon dioxide storage module includes multiple storage components connected in parallel and a first application pipeline. One end of each of the multiple storage components is connected to a first cooler, and the other end of each of the multiple storage components is connected to the first application pipeline, which is used to connect to a marine high-pressure carbon dioxide fire extinguishing system.

[0012] Preferably, the storage assembly includes an injection branch pipe, a high-pressure storage tank, a detachable short pipe, a shut-off valve, and a discharge branch pipe. One end of the injection branch pipe is connected to the first cooler, and the other end of the injection branch pipe is connected to the high-pressure storage tank via a detachable short pipe. One end of the discharge branch pipe is connected to the first application pipeline, and the other end of the discharge branch pipe is connected to the high-pressure storage tank via a detachable short pipe. Shut-off valves are respectively provided on the injection branch pipe and the discharge branch pipe.

[0013] Preferably, the first application pipeline is equipped with a high-pressure relief valve.

[0014] Preferably, the medium-pressure liquid carbon dioxide storage system includes a second compressor, a second cooler, a refrigeration unit, and a liquid carbon dioxide storage tank. The second compressor is connected to the buffer tank, the refrigeration unit is connected to the second cooler, the refrigeration unit is used to provide refrigerant to the second cooler, the second compressor is used to pressurize and liquefy the gaseous carbon dioxide to a second preset pressure value to form medium-pressure liquid carbon dioxide, the second cooler is connected to the second compressor, the second cooler is used to cool the medium-pressure liquid carbon dioxide to a second preset temperature, and the liquid carbon dioxide storage tank is used to store medium-pressure liquid carbon dioxide at the second preset temperature.

[0015] Preferably, the medium-pressure liquid carbon dioxide storage system further includes a comprehensive measuring device and an alarm device. The comprehensive measuring device is located inside the liquid carbon dioxide storage tank and is used to monitor the pressure, liquid level, and temperature of the medium-pressure liquid carbon dioxide inside the liquid carbon dioxide storage tank. The alarm device is electrically connected to the comprehensive measuring device.

[0016] Preferably, the medium-pressure liquid carbon dioxide storage system is connected in parallel with a second application pipeline, a third application pipeline, a fourth application pipeline, and a fifth application pipeline; the second application pipeline is used to connect to a shore access connector, the third application pipeline is used to connect to a ship's refrigeration system, the fourth application pipeline is used to connect to a ship's low-pressure carbon dioxide fire extinguishing system, and the fifth application pipeline is used to connect to a ship's inert gas system.

[0017] Secondly, the present invention also provides a ship, including a hull and a marine carbon dioxide capture and storage system as described in any of the above technical solutions, wherein the marine carbon dioxide capture and storage system is disposed on the hull.

[0018] (III) Beneficial Effects

[0019] The above-described technical solution of the present invention has at least the following advantages:

[0020] 1. The present invention is equipped with a high-pressure liquid carbon dioxide storage system and a medium-pressure liquid carbon dioxide storage system, which pressurizes the carbon dioxide captured by the waste gas carbon capture device to a first preset pressure value and a second preset pressure value for storage, so that liquid carbon dioxide with different pressure values ​​can be selected for use according to different application needs, making the application scenarios more flexible.

[0021] 2. In this invention, by rationally selecting high-pressure or medium-pressure stored liquid carbon dioxide as the application source, the pressure drop during carbon dioxide reuse can be effectively controlled, greatly reducing the risk of dry ice formation due to excessive pressure reduction of liquid carbon dioxide, simplifying the system, reducing the investment in preventing dry ice formation, and improving the economic efficiency of system operation.

[0022] 3. In this invention, a first application pipeline, a second application pipeline, a third application pipeline, a fourth application pipeline, and a fifth application pipeline are designed. Each application pipeline can correspond to different application scenarios. One or more application pipelines can be flexibly selected for use according to the characteristics of different types of ships, which can effectively improve the flexibility and application scope of the system of this invention. Attached Figure Description

[0023] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the marine carbon dioxide capture and storage system provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] The labels for the attached figures are as follows:

[0026] 1. Exhaust gas carbon capture device; 2. Buffer tank; 3. First valve; 4. First compressor; 5. First cooler; 6. First temperature sensor; 7. Cooling medium flow regulating valve; 8. High-pressure liquid carbon dioxide storage module; 9. High-pressure release valve; 10. Second valve; 11. Second compressor; 12. Second cooler; 13. Refrigeration unit; 14. Second temperature sensor; 15. Liquid carbon dioxide storage tank; 16. Integrated measuring device; 17. First heater; 20. Hull;

[0027] 8-1. High-pressure storage tank; 8-2. Detachable short pipe; 8-3. Shut-off valve;

[0028] I. High-pressure liquid carbon dioxide storage system; II. Medium-pressure liquid carbon dioxide storage system;

[0029] L1, First pipeline; L2, Second pipeline; L3, Third pipeline; L4, Inlet branch pipe; L5, Outlet branch pipe; L6, Fourth pipeline;

[0030] C1, First application pipeline; C2, Second application pipeline; C3, Third application pipeline; C4, Fourth application pipeline; C5, Fifth application pipeline. Detailed Implementation

[0031] To make the technical problems to be solved, the technical solutions, and the beneficial effects of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0032] It should be noted that when a component is referred to as "fixed to" or "set on" another component, it can be located directly on or indirectly on the other component. When a component is referred to as "connected to" another component, it can be directly or indirectly connected to the other component.

[0033] It should be understood that the terms "length", "width", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention, and do not indicate that the device or element must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention.

[0034] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating relative importance or the number of technical features. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified. The specific implementation of this invention will be described in more detail below with reference to specific embodiments:

[0035] In the first embodiment, such as Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment of the invention provides a marine carbon dioxide capture and storage system. The system is installed within the hull 20 and includes an exhaust carbon capture device 1, a buffer tank 2, a high-pressure liquid carbon dioxide storage system I, and a medium-pressure liquid carbon dioxide storage system II. The exhaust carbon capture device 1 captures gaseous carbon dioxide from combustion exhaust gases. The buffer tank 2 is connected to the exhaust carbon capture device 1 and stores the captured gaseous carbon dioxide, providing a stable gas source for further storage and utilization of the captured carbon dioxide. The high-pressure liquid carbon dioxide storage system I is connected to the buffer tank 2 and pressurizes and liquefies the gaseous carbon dioxide to a first preset pressure value and stores it. The medium-pressure liquid carbon dioxide storage system II is connected to the buffer tank 2 and pressurizes and liquefies the gaseous carbon dioxide to a second preset pressure value and stores it. The first preset pressure value is greater than the second preset pressure value. Specifically, in this embodiment, the first preset pressure value is preferably 58 bar, and the second preset pressure value is preferably 20 bar.

[0036] Specifically, the buffer tank 2 is a normal temperature, pressure-resistant container used to store gaseous carbon dioxide under normal temperature conditions. It is equipped with a second pipeline L2 and a third pipeline L3 on its top. The second pipeline L2 is connected to the high-pressure liquid carbon dioxide storage system I, and the third pipeline L3 is connected to the medium-pressure liquid carbon dioxide storage system II.

[0037] Furthermore, the marine carbon dioxide capture and storage system also includes a first pipeline L1 with one end connected to the exhaust carbon capture device 1 and the other end open inside the buffer tank 2. The exhaust carbon capture device 1 captures and collects carbon dioxide from the combustion exhaust gas, and the captured gaseous carbon dioxide is transported to the buffer tank 2 through the first pipeline L1.

[0038] In one embodiment, the exhaust carbon capture device 1 uses at least one of the following methods to capture gaseous carbon dioxide: chemical absorption, physical absorption, membrane separation, adsorption, and low-temperature distillation.

[0039] In one embodiment, the high-pressure liquid carbon dioxide storage system I includes a first compressor 4, a first cooler 5, and a high-pressure liquid carbon dioxide storage module 8. The first compressor 4 is connected to a buffer tank 2 and is used to pressurize and liquefy gaseous carbon dioxide to a first preset pressure value to form high-pressure liquid carbon dioxide. The first cooler 8 is connected to the first compressor 4 and is used to cool the high-pressure liquid carbon dioxide to a first preset temperature. The high-pressure liquid carbon dioxide storage module 8 is used to store high-pressure liquid carbon dioxide at the first preset temperature. Specifically, the high-pressure liquid carbon dioxide storage system I also includes a first valve 3 and a first temperature sensor 6. The first valve 3 is installed on the second pipeline L2. The first valve 3 can be a manual valve or a remote control valve. As a remote control valve, it can be driven by electricity, hydraulics, or compressed air. The first compressor 4 can be a screw compressor or a piston compressor, which can pressurize the gaseous carbon dioxide from the buffer tank 2 to 58 bar. Its outlet is connected to the first cooler 5. The first cooler 5 can be a plate heat exchanger or a shell-and-tube heat exchanger. The cooling medium can be seawater or fresh water, which can cool and liquefy the gaseous carbon dioxide pressurized to 58 bar at a constant pressure. The first temperature sensor 6 is installed at the outlet of the first cooler 5 to monitor the temperature of the liquid carbon dioxide at the outlet of the first cooler 5. It also regulates the amount of cooling medium used for heat exchange by controlling the opening of the cooling medium flow regulating valve 7 to ensure that the cooled liquid carbon dioxide is always at 20°C. The cooling medium flow regulating valve 7 can be a pneumatic valve, a hydraulically driven valve, or an electric valve. It is installed at the inlet or outlet of the cooling medium of the first cooler 5. The liquefied carbon dioxide is stored in the high-pressure liquid carbon dioxide storage module 8.

[0040] In one embodiment, the high-pressure liquid carbon dioxide storage module 8 includes multiple storage components connected in parallel and a first application pipe C1. One end of the multiple storage components is connected to a first cooler 5, and the other end of the multiple storage components is connected to the first application pipe C1, which is used to connect to a marine high-pressure carbon dioxide fire extinguishing system.

[0041] In one embodiment, the storage assembly includes an injection branch pipe L4, a high-pressure storage tank 8-1, a detachable short pipe 8-2, a shut-off valve 8-3, and a discharge branch pipe L5. One end of the injection branch pipe L4 is connected to the first cooler 5, and the other end of the injection branch pipe L4 is connected to the high-pressure storage tank 8-1 through the detachable short pipe 8-2. One end of the discharge branch pipe L5 is connected to the first application pipeline C1, and the other end of the discharge branch pipe L5 is connected to the high-pressure storage tank 8-1 through the detachable short pipe 8-2. Shut-off valves 8-3 are respectively provided on the injection branch pipe L4 and the discharge branch pipe L5. Specifically, the high-pressure storage tank 8-1 is a high-pressure, ambient-temperature pressure vessel, designed with a pressure greater than the 58 bar pressure of the carbon dioxide in the high-pressure liquid workshop's fresh air system. Each pressure vessel has two ports. The detachable short pipe 8-2 can be a rigid or flexible pipe, used to connect the two ports of the high-pressure storage tank 8-1 to the injection branch pipe L4 and the discharge branch pipe L5, respectively. The shut-off valves 8-3 are installed on the injection branch pipe L4 and the discharge branch pipe L5, with the number of shut-off valves 8-3 corresponding one-to-one with the number of injection branch pipes L4 and discharge branch pipes L5. After multiple injection branch pipes L4 converge, they are connected to the first cooler 5, and after multiple discharge branch pipes L5 converge, they are connected to the first application pipeline C1.

[0042] In one embodiment, a high-pressure release valve 9 is provided on the first application pipeline. Specifically, the high-pressure liquid carbon dioxide storage module 8 can also serve as a storage unit for marine high-pressure carbon dioxide fire extinguishing agent. The high-pressure release valve 9 is provided on the first application pipeline C1. The high-pressure release valve 9 can be a pneumatic valve or an electric valve. When a fire occurs on the ship, it is opened. Under the action of pressure difference, the high-pressure liquid carbon dioxide is depressurized, vaporized, and released into the corresponding protected area to suffocate the fire. The number of high-pressure storage tanks 8-1 and the valve volume meet the amount of carbon dioxide that the ship is designed to capture. When the ship docks regularly, some of the high-pressure storage tanks 8-1 are hoisted to shore by removing some of the detachable short pipes 8-2, and at the same time, a corresponding number of empty high-pressure storage tanks 8-1 are replaced. A certain amount of high-pressure storage tanks 8-1 containing liquid carbon dioxide is always maintained on the ship to meet the carbon dioxide requirements of the ship's high-pressure carbon dioxide fire extinguishing system design.

[0043] In one embodiment, the medium-pressure liquid carbon dioxide storage system II includes a second compressor 11, a second cooler 12, a refrigeration unit 13, and a liquid carbon dioxide storage tank 15. The second compressor 11 is connected to a buffer tank 2, the refrigeration unit 13 is connected to the second cooler 12, the refrigeration unit 13 is used to provide refrigerant to the second cooler 12, the second compressor 11 is used to pressurize and liquefy gaseous carbon dioxide to a second preset pressure value to form medium-pressure liquid carbon dioxide, the second cooler 12 is connected to the second compressor 11, the second cooler 12 is used to cool the medium-pressure liquid carbon dioxide to a second preset temperature, and the liquid carbon dioxide storage tank 15 is used to store the medium-pressure liquid carbon dioxide at the second preset temperature. Specifically, the second compressor 11 can be a centrifugal compressor, a screw compressor, or a reciprocating compressor. The second compressor 11 can pressurize the gaseous carbon dioxide from the buffer tank 2 to 20 bar, and its outlet is connected to the second cooler 12. The second cooler 12 can be a plate heat exchanger or a shell-and-tube heat exchanger, which can cool and liquefy the pressurized gaseous carbon dioxide at a constant pressure. Its cold source comes from the refrigeration unit 13. The refrigeration unit 13 consists of a refrigerant compressor, a refrigerant cooler, an expansion valve, and other equipment. The refrigerant compressor is frequency-controlled, and the opening of the expansion valve is adjustable. The refrigeration unit 13 compresses and cools the gaseous refrigerant into a high-pressure, liquid refrigerant. After the high-pressure, liquid refrigerant is depressurized by the expansion valve, it enters the second cooler 12 to absorb heat and evaporate, completing the heat exchange with the pressurized gaseous carbon dioxide. The refrigerant can be ammonia, Freon, etc.

[0044] Furthermore, the medium-pressure liquid carbon dioxide storage system II also includes a second valve 10 and a second temperature sensor 14. The second valve 10 is installed on the third pipeline L3. The second valve 10 can be a manual valve or a remote control valve. When it is a remote control valve, it can be driven by electricity, hydraulics, or compressed air. The second temperature sensor 14 is installed at the outlet of the second cooler 12 to monitor the temperature of the liquid carbon dioxide at the outlet of the second cooler 12. By adjusting the power of the refrigerant compressor and the opening of the expansion valve, the output cooling energy of the refrigeration unit 13 is controlled to ensure that the cooled liquid carbon dioxide is always at -18℃. The liquefied carbon dioxide is stored in the liquid carbon dioxide storage tank 15.

[0045] In one embodiment, the medium-pressure liquid carbon dioxide storage system II further includes a comprehensive measuring device 16 and an alarm device (not shown). The comprehensive measuring device 16 is located inside the liquid carbon dioxide storage tank 15 and is used to monitor the pressure, liquid level, and temperature of the medium-pressure liquid carbon dioxide inside the liquid carbon dioxide storage tank 15. The alarm device is electrically connected to the comprehensive measuring device. When the pressure, temperature, or liquid level reaches a set value, the comprehensive measuring device 16 detects the numerical change and controls the alarm device to output an alarm signal. Specifically, the liquid carbon dioxide storage tank 15 is a cryogenic, pressure-resistant container with a design temperature below -18°C and a design pressure above 20 bar. It is externally insulated and can be fixedly or detachably installed. Its volume meets the ship's design capacity for capturing carbon dioxide or the ship's design capacity for utilizing carbon dioxide, whichever is greater. The liquid carbon dioxide storage tank 15 is connected to a fourth pipeline L6. One end of the fourth pipeline L6 opens at the bottom of the liquid carbon dioxide storage tank 15, and the other end can be connected to multiple application pipelines.

[0046] In one embodiment, the medium-pressure liquid carbon dioxide storage system II is connected in parallel with a second application pipeline C2, a third application pipeline C3, a fourth application pipeline C4, and a fifth application pipeline C5. The second application pipeline C2 is used to connect to a shore-to-shore connector, through which liquid carbon dioxide is transported to a shore receiving device under pressure differential. The third application pipeline C3 is used to connect to the ship's refrigeration system, allowing the liquid carbon dioxide to be used as a refrigerant. The fourth application pipeline C4 is used to connect to the ship's low-pressure carbon dioxide fire extinguishing system, releasing liquid carbon dioxide as a fire extinguishing agent to the corresponding area when a fire occurs on the ship. The fifth application pipeline C5 is used to connect to the ship's inert gas system, where the liquid low-pressure carbon dioxide is heated and vaporized after passing through a first heater 17, and used as an inert gas for ship operation. The first heater 17 can be a plate heater or a shell-and-tube heater, and the heating medium can be seawater, fresh water, ethylene glycol water, or steam.

[0047] This invention also provides a ship, including a hull 20 and any of the above embodiments of a marine carbon dioxide capture and storage system, the marine carbon dioxide capture and storage system being disposed on the hull 20.

[0048] In the second embodiment, a certain type of bulk carrier can be designed and equipped with an exhaust carbon capture system 1 and a high-pressure liquid carbon dioxide collection system I. The carbon dioxide captured by the exhaust carbon capture system 1 is compressed to 58 bar by the first compressor 4, and then cooled and liquefied by the first cooler 5 under isobaric pressure and stored in the high-pressure storage tank 8-1. The high-pressure stored liquid carbon dioxide can be used as a ship fire extinguishing agent and connected to the ship's high-pressure carbon dioxide fire extinguishing system through the first application pipeline C1.

[0049] In the third embodiment, a container ship is provided, which is designed to be equipped with an exhaust carbon capture system 1 and a medium-pressure liquid carbon dioxide collection system II. The carbon dioxide captured by the exhaust carbon capture system 1 is compressed to 20 bar by a second compressor 11, and then isobarically cooled and liquefied by a second cooler 12 before being stored in a liquid carbon dioxide storage tank 15. For the utilization of the captured carbon dioxide, a second application pipeline C2 and a third application pipeline C3 can be selected and configured, taking into account the characteristics of the container ship carrying refrigerated containers. When the ship is in a specific port, the pressure difference between the liquid carbon dioxide storage tank 15 and the shore receiving device can be used to transport the captured liquid carbon dioxide to the shore receiving facility through the second application pipeline C2. At the same time, considering the characteristics of the container ship carrying refrigerated containers, the captured liquid carbon dioxide can be used as a refrigerant and transported to the refrigerated containers through the third application pipeline C3.

[0050] In the fourth embodiment, a roll-on / roll-off (Ro-Ro) ship is provided, which is designed to be equipped with an exhaust carbon capture system 1 and a medium-pressure liquid carbon dioxide collection system II. The carbon dioxide captured by the exhaust carbon capture system 1 is compressed to 20 bar by a second compressor 11, and then isobarically cooled and liquefied by a second cooler 12 before being stored in a liquid carbon dioxide storage tank 15. For the utilization of the captured carbon dioxide, taking into account the large space of the Ro-Ro ship's garage area, a second application pipeline C2 and a fourth application pipeline C4 can be selected. The operation of unloading captured carbon dioxide at a specific port can refer to the operation in the third embodiment. Since the liquid carbon dioxide in the liquid carbon dioxide storage tank 15 is also used as the extinguishing agent of the ship's low-pressure fire extinguishing system, it can be connected to the ship's low-pressure fire extinguishing system through the fourth application pipeline C4. Therefore, when unloading captured carbon dioxide at a specific port, the amount required by the low-pressure fire extinguishing system should be reserved.

[0051] In the fifth embodiment, an oil tanker or product tanker is provided, which is equipped with an exhaust carbon capture system 1 and a medium-pressure liquid carbon dioxide collection system II. The carbon dioxide captured by the exhaust carbon capture system 1 is compressed to 20 bar by the second compressor 11, and then isobarically cooled and liquefied by the second cooler 12 before being stored in the liquid carbon dioxide storage tank 15. For the utilization of the captured carbon dioxide, the second application pipeline C2 and the fifth application pipeline C5 can be selected according to the operating characteristics of the oil tanker. The operation of capturing carbon dioxide when the ship unloads at a specific port can refer to the operation in the third embodiment. Since the oil tanker needs to use inert gas to fill the gas space in the cargo tank during navigation and unloading, the medium-pressure liquid carbon dioxide is heated, vaporized and depressurized by the first heater 17 through the fifth application pipeline C5 and then filled into the upper gas space in the cargo tank. Therefore, when capturing carbon dioxide when unloading at a specific port, the amount of inert gas required for the ship's operation should be reserved.

[0052] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A marine carbon dioxide capture and storage system, characterized in that, The marine carbon dioxide capture and storage system is installed in the hull and includes: an exhaust carbon capture device for capturing gaseous carbon dioxide in combustion exhaust gas. A buffer tank, connected to the exhaust carbon capture device, is used to store the captured gaseous carbon dioxide; A high-pressure liquid carbon dioxide storage system, connected to the buffer tank, is used to pressurize and liquefy the gaseous carbon dioxide to a first preset pressure value and store it. A medium-pressure liquid carbon dioxide storage system, connected to the buffer tank, is used to pressurize and liquefy the gaseous carbon dioxide to a second preset pressure value and store it, wherein the first preset pressure value is greater than the second preset pressure value; The high-pressure liquid carbon dioxide storage system includes a first compressor, a first cooler, and a high-pressure liquid carbon dioxide storage module. The first compressor is connected to the buffer tank and is used to pressurize and liquefy the gaseous carbon dioxide to a first preset pressure value to form high-pressure liquid carbon dioxide. The first cooler is connected to the first compressor and is used to cool the high-pressure liquid carbon dioxide to a first preset temperature. The high-pressure liquid carbon dioxide storage module is used to store high-pressure liquid carbon dioxide at the first preset temperature. The medium-pressure liquid carbon dioxide storage system includes a second compressor, a second cooler, a refrigeration unit, and a liquid carbon dioxide storage tank. The second compressor is connected to the buffer tank, and the refrigeration unit is connected to the second cooler and is used to provide refrigerant to the second cooler. The second compressor is used to pressurize and liquefy the gaseous carbon dioxide to a second preset pressure value to form medium-pressure liquid carbon dioxide. The second cooler is connected to the second compressor and is used to cool the medium-pressure liquid carbon dioxide to a second preset temperature. The liquid carbon dioxide storage tank is used to store medium-pressure liquid carbon dioxide at the second preset temperature.

2. The marine carbon dioxide capture and storage system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The waste gas carbon capture device uses at least one of the following methods to capture gaseous carbon dioxide: chemical absorption, physical absorption, membrane separation, adsorption, and low-temperature distillation.

3. The marine carbon dioxide capture and storage system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The high-pressure liquid carbon dioxide storage module includes multiple storage components connected in parallel and a first application pipeline. One end of each storage component is connected to a first cooler, and the other end of each storage component is connected to the first application pipeline, which is used to connect to a marine high-pressure carbon dioxide fire extinguishing system.

4. The marine carbon dioxide capture and storage system as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The storage assembly includes an injection branch pipe, a high-pressure storage tank, a detachable short pipe, a shut-off valve, and a discharge branch pipe. One end of the injection branch pipe is connected to the first cooler, and the other end of the injection branch pipe is connected to the high-pressure storage tank via a detachable short pipe. One end of the discharge branch pipe is connected to the first application pipeline, and the other end of the discharge branch pipe is connected to the high-pressure storage tank via a detachable short pipe. Shut-off valves are provided on both the injection branch pipe and the discharge branch pipe.

5. The marine carbon dioxide capture and storage system as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The first application pipeline is equipped with a high-pressure relief valve.

6. The marine carbon dioxide capture and storage system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The medium-pressure liquid carbon dioxide storage system also includes a comprehensive measuring device and an alarm device. The comprehensive measuring device is located inside the liquid carbon dioxide storage tank and is used to monitor the pressure, liquid level, and temperature of the medium-pressure liquid carbon dioxide in the liquid carbon dioxide storage tank. The alarm device is electrically connected to the comprehensive measuring device.

7. The marine carbon dioxide capture and storage system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The medium-pressure liquid carbon dioxide storage system is connected in parallel to a second application pipeline, a third application pipeline, a fourth application pipeline, and a fifth application pipeline; The second application pipeline is used to connect to the shore access connector, the third application pipeline is used to connect to the ship's refrigeration system, the fourth application pipeline is used to connect to the ship's low-pressure carbon dioxide fire extinguishing system, and the fifth application pipeline is used to connect to the ship's inert gas system.

8. A ship, characterized in that, It includes a hull and a marine carbon dioxide capture and storage system as described in any one of claims 1-7, wherein the marine carbon dioxide capture and storage system is disposed on the hull.

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