Spatial domain network networking method and device, network resource arrangement platform and storage medium

Abstract

The application discloses a space network networking method and device, a network resource arrangement platform and a storage medium. The method comprises the following steps: in the case that a UAV service accesses a network, the position of the UAV performing the UAV service is determined; the service score corresponding to the cell within the preset distance range from the position of the UAV is determined; the preset number of cells with the highest service score are determined as the space candidate working cells, and the number of adjustable beams of the space candidate working cells is determined; and the space-to-air beam and the ground-to-air beam of the space candidate working cells are determined and set according to the number of adjustable beams. The application solves the technical problems that the UAV space coverage scheme in the related art mostly needs to add equipment for transmission transformation, the cost is too high, the scheme of covering the space by directly using the existing site resources has too great influence on the ground coverage, and the beam resources for covering the space are wasted.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of wireless communication technology, and more specifically, to a spatial network networking method, apparatus, network resource orchestration platform, and storage medium. Background Technology

[0002] Existing 5G (Fifth Generation Mobile Communication Technology) networks mainly cover the ground. However, for drone airspace coverage, most airspace network construction solutions in related technologies require the addition of new equipment and transmission upgrades. Large-scale applications will increase costs. In addition, since the selected site is fixed, the coverage area is also fixed. When the flight area is adjusted, the network needs to be rebuilt, which involves a lot of manpower and costs.

[0003] The solution of directly using existing AAU (Active Antenna Unit) sites to build an airspace network, which expands the vertical beamwidth by 3dB to cover the airspace, has a significant impact on the ground. At the same time, when there are no UAV terminal services in the airspace, the beam resources covering the airspace are wasted.

[0004] There is currently no effective solution to the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This application provides an airspace network networking method, apparatus, network resource orchestration platform, and storage medium to at least solve the technical problems of UAV airspace coverage schemes in related technologies, which mostly require the addition of new equipment for transmission modification, resulting in high costs, and schemes that utilize existing site resources to cover only the airspace have too great an impact on ground coverage and waste beam resources for airspace coverage.

[0006] According to one aspect of the embodiments of this application, an airspace network networking method is provided, comprising: determining the location of a drone performing drone services when a drone service access to the network is detected; determining the service score of a cell within a preset distance range from the location of the drone, wherein the service score is used to characterize the quality of service provided by the cell to the drone, and the higher the service score, the higher the quality of service provided; determining a preset number of cells with the highest service scores as airspace candidate working cells, and determining the number of adjustable beams of the airspace candidate working cells; and determining and setting the air-to-air beam and ground-to-ground beam of the airspace candidate working cells according to the number of adjustable beams, wherein the air-to-air beam is used to cover the airspace and the ground-to-ground beam is used to cover the ground.

[0007] Optionally, the drone service is identified using a 5G Quality of Service identifier or a radio access type / frequency selection priority identifier. When drone service access to the network is detected, determining the location of the drone performing the service includes: if the latitude and longitude information reported by the drone upon startup is received, determining the drone's location based on the latitude and longitude information; if a fixed takeoff point or flight trajectory planning information corresponding to the drone exists in the system, determining the drone's location based on the fixed takeoff point or flight trajectory planning information corresponding to the drone; if a preset site detects drone access to the network, determining the drone's location based on the drone's corresponding reference signal received power, the identifier of the accessed beam, and the azimuth of the drone's corresponding primary serving cell, wherein the altitude of the preset site is higher than a preset altitude.

[0008] Optionally, determining the service score for cells whose location is within a preset distance range from the drone includes: identifying cells whose location is within a preset distance range from the drone; obtaining the communication parameters corresponding to the cells, and determining the horizontal projection distance and azimuth offset between the base station and the drone based on the drone's location, wherein the azimuth offset is the angle between the line connecting the base station's location and the drone's location and the azimuth direction of the cell's antenna; determining the weighting factors corresponding to each communication parameter, horizontal projection distance, and azimuth offset; and determining the service score corresponding to the cell based on each communication parameter, horizontal projection distance, azimuth offset, and the corresponding weighting factors.

[0009] Optionally, the communication parameters include at least one of the following: antenna type, cell uplink load parameters, cell power margin, antenna station height, antenna mechanical tilt angle, and cell uplink average interference level; determining the weighting factors corresponding to each communication parameter, horizontal projection distance, and azimuth offset includes: determining the weighting factor corresponding to the antenna type, wherein the antenna type includes at least one of the following: an antenna array with 64 transmit and receive units, or an antenna array with 32 transmit and receive units; determining the weighting factor corresponding to the cell uplink load parameters based on the range of uplink physical resource block utilization, wherein the higher the uplink physical resource block utilization corresponding to the range, the smaller the weighting factor; determining the weighting factor corresponding to the range of cell power margin, wherein the cell power margin corresponding to the range... The larger the power margin, the larger the weighting factor; determine the weighting factor corresponding to the range of antenna station height, where the higher the antenna station height in the range, the larger the weighting factor; determine the weighting factor corresponding to the range of antenna mechanical tilt angle, where the lower the antenna mechanical tilt angle in the range, the larger the weighting factor; determine the weighting factor corresponding to the range of cell uplink average interference level, where the higher the cell uplink average interference level in the range, the smaller the weighting factor; determine the weighting factor corresponding to the range of horizontal projection distance, where the higher the horizontal projection distance in the range, the smaller the weighting factor; determine the weighting factor corresponding to the range of azimuth offset, where the higher the azimuth offset in the range, the smaller the weighting factor.

[0010] Optionally, determining cells within a preset distance range from the drone's location includes: determining the uplink rate required for the drone service, and based on the uplink rate, determining the reference signal receiving power required for the drone service; determining the maximum path loss corresponding to the cell based on the reference signal receiving power; determining the correction parameters corresponding to the cell, and based on the correction parameters, the maximum path loss, and the signal frequency corresponding to the cell, determining the cell coverage radius. The correction parameters include: fixed loss and building dynamic loss. Building dynamic loss is determined by the height and density of buildings within the area corresponding to the cell. When the building height is lower than a preset height threshold or the building density is lower than a preset density threshold, the building dynamic loss exhibits a linear distribution with the signal propagation distance. When the building height is not lower than the preset height threshold and the building density is not lower than the preset density threshold, the building dynamic loss exhibits an exponential distribution with the signal propagation distance. Cells whose coverage area corresponding to the cell coverage radius overlaps with areas within a preset distance range from the drone's location are determined as cells within a preset distance range from the drone's location.

[0011] Optionally, determining and setting the air-to-air and ground-to-air beams for the airspace candidate working cells based on the number of adjustable beams includes: when the number of adjustable beams is a first quantity, determining beams with odd-numbered beam numbers as air-to-air beams and beams with even-numbered beam numbers as ground-to-air beams, and setting the azimuth, tilt, and beamwidth corresponding to each beam, wherein the first quantity is an odd number; when the number of adjustable beams is a second quantity, determining beams with odd or even-numbered beam numbers as air-to-air beams, and determining the remaining beams in the adjustable beams as ground-to-air beams, and setting the azimuth, tilt, and beamwidth corresponding to each beam, wherein the first quantity is an even number.

[0012] Optionally, after determining and setting the air-to-air beam and ground-to-air beam of the airspace candidate working cell, the method further includes: if the service score of the airspace primary serving cell is lower than the service score of the airspace candidate working cell, switching the UAV's communication connection to the airspace candidate working cell, and designating the airspace candidate working cell as the new airspace primary serving cell, wherein the airspace primary serving cell is the cell where the UAV is currently making a communication connection; after each switch of the airspace primary serving cell connected to the UAV, re-determining the service score of the cell corresponding to the location within a preset distance range from the UAV, and designating the preset number of cells with the highest service scores as new airspace candidate working cells; if the airspace candidate working cell still fails to establish a communication connection with the UAV after a preset time period, resetting the air-to-air beam of the airspace candidate working cell to a ground-to-air beam for ground coverage.

[0013] Optionally, the method further includes: monitoring the load index of the primary airspace serving cell, wherein the load index includes at least one of the following: uplink physical resource block utilization; and when the load index exceeds a preset load threshold, reducing the number of air-to-air beams in the primary airspace serving cell, and / or increasing the downtilt angle of the air-to-air beams, and / or reducing the beam power of the air-to-air beams, so that the communication connection of the UAV is switched from the primary airspace serving cell to the alternative airspace serving cell.

[0014] According to another aspect of the embodiments of this application, an airspace network networking device is also provided, comprising: a service monitoring module, configured to determine the location of a drone performing drone services when drone service access to the network is detected; a service scoring module, configured to determine the service score corresponding to a cell whose location is within a preset distance range from the drone, wherein the service score is used to characterize the quality of service provided by the cell to the drone, and the higher the service score, the higher the quality of service provided; a cell determination module, configured to determine a preset number of cells with the highest service scores as airspace candidate working cells, and determine the number of adjustable beams of the airspace candidate working cells; and a beam allocation module, configured to determine and set the air-to-air beam and ground-to-ground beam of the airspace candidate working cells according to the number of adjustable beams, wherein the air-to-air beam is used to cover the airspace, and the ground-to-ground beam is used to cover the ground.

[0015] According to another aspect of the embodiments of this application, a network resource orchestration platform is also provided, including: a memory and a processor, wherein the processor is used to run a program stored in the memory, wherein the program executes a spatial network networking method when it runs.

[0016] According to another aspect of the embodiments of this application, a non-volatile storage medium is also provided, the non-volatile storage medium including a stored computer program, wherein the device where the non-volatile storage medium is located executes an airspace network networking method by running the computer program.

[0017] According to another aspect of the embodiments of this application, a computer program product is also provided, including a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of a spatial network networking method.

[0018] In this embodiment, upon detecting unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) service access to the network, the location of the UAV performing the UAV service is determined; the service score of the cell corresponding to the UAV's location within a preset distance range is determined, where the service score characterizes the quality of service provided by the cell to the UAV; a higher service score indicates a higher quality service; a preset number of cells with the highest service scores are determined as airspace candidate working cells, and the number of adjustable beams for the airspace candidate working cells is determined; based on the number of adjustable beams, the air-to-air beam and ground-to-ground beam of the airspace candidate working cells are determined and set, where the air-to-air beam is used to cover the airspace. The method of using ground-to-ground beams for ground coverage utilizes existing AAU sites and adjusts parameters such as beam azimuth, tilt, 3dB bandwidth, and power in real time based on the drone's real-time location through network self-configuration. This achieves the goal of rapidly and dynamically forming a high-quality, low-cost 5G general low-altitude airspace network in densely populated urban environments with AAU sites, with zero construction cost. This solves the technical problems of most drone airspace coverage solutions requiring additional equipment for transmission upgrades, which are too costly, and solutions that only cover the airspace using existing site resources, which have too much impact on ground coverage and waste beam resources for airspace coverage. Attached Figure Description

[0019] The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of this application and form part of this application, illustrate exemplary embodiments and are used to explain this application, but do not constitute an undue limitation of this application. In the drawings:

[0020] Figure 1 This is a hardware structure block diagram of a computer terminal (or electronic device) for implementing a method of airspace network networking according to an embodiment of this application;

[0021] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a method for forming an airspace network according to an embodiment of this application;

[0022] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the updating of alternative working cells in the spatiotemporal domain during handover, according to an embodiment of this application.

[0023] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram illustrating a handover from a primary serving cell to an alternative airspace serving cell when the primary serving cell is under high load, according to an embodiment of this application.

[0024] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an airspace network networking device provided according to an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0025] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort should fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0026] It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," etc., in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this application are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged where appropriate so that the embodiments of this application described herein can be implemented in orders other than those illustrated or described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion; for example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus that comprises a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units explicitly listed, but may include other steps or units not explicitly listed or inherent to such processes, methods, products, or apparatus.

[0027] To facilitate a better understanding of the embodiments of this application by those skilled in the art, some technical terms or nouns involved in the embodiments of this application are explained as follows:

[0028] Massive MIMO (Massive Multiple Input Multiple Output): This refers to installing several antennas at the base station to form an antenna array, thereby enabling several antennas to simultaneously perform data transmission and reception operations.

[0029] AAU (Active Antenna Unit): It is a key component in 5G wireless communication systems. It is a highly integrated device that includes components such as antennas, radio frequency front-ends, and digital signal processors.

[0030] SSB (Synchronized Signal Block): It is the foundation for 5G cell search and contains necessary control information for device access, system information, RRC connection, etc.

[0031] RSRP (Reference Signal Receiving Power): It is a key parameter in the network that can represent the strength of the wireless signal and is one of the physical layer measurement requirements. It is the average signal power received on all resource particles carrying the reference signal within a certain symbol.

[0032] RFSPID (RAT / Frequency Selection Priority ID): is a parameter used in wireless communication networks to determine the selection and priority of different radio access technologies (RATs) and frequencies.

[0033] SINR (Signal to Interference plus Noise Ratio) is the ratio of the strength of the received useful signal to the strength of the received interference signal (noise and interference).

[0034] PRB (Physical Resource Block): refers to the resources of 12 consecutive subcarriers in the frequency domain.

[0035] Existing 5G networks primarily cover the ground. For drone airspace coverage, the main solutions in related technologies are as follows:

[0036] 1) Option 1: Utilize existing sites and employ dual carrier waves to achieve dedicated network coverage.

[0037] Adding a new carrier to an existing site for airspace coverage requires a new carrier license, optical modules, and transmission upgrades. Large-scale applications will increase costs. In addition, the addition of an airspace coverage carrier will reduce the power of the ground coverage carrier, thus reducing ground coverage.

[0038] 2) Option 2: Establish a private network by building new airspace coverage sites.

[0039] To construct 5G dedicated network sites based on airspace coverage requirements, the antennas have a negative mechanical tilt angle and only cover the airspace. This solution requires a complete set of planning, construction, and optimization processes, and has drawbacks such as long construction cycles, high costs, and low resource utilization.

[0040] 3) Option 3: Use AAU sites for fixed beam optimization

[0041] Maintaining a constant horizontal 3dB bandwidth while increasing the vertical 3dB bandwidth, and utilizing Massive MIMO to increase the number of vertical beam layers, achieves increased vertical coverage. However, this significantly reduces transmission gain. For example, using SCENARIO_12 equipment from a certain manufacturer, there are four vertical beam layers, and the vertical 3dB bandwidth is 25 degrees. The horizontal 3dB bandwidth remains essentially unchanged, but the coverage gain is reduced by more than 6dB, significantly impacting ground coverage.

[0042] When constructing an airspace network using Schemes 1 and 2 of the relevant technologies, the costs are substantial due to the addition of new equipment, licenses, and transmission upgrades. Furthermore, because the selected site locations are fixed, the coverage area is also fixed; when the flight area changes, the network needs to be rebuilt, involving significant manpower and costs. While Scheme 3 of the relevant technologies directly utilizes existing AAU sites and expands the beamwidth by 3dB in the vertical direction to cover the airspace, this method has a significant impact on the ground, and when there are no UAV terminal services in the airspace, the beam resources covering the airspace are wasted.

[0043] To address the aforementioned issues, this application provides relevant solutions, which are detailed below.

[0044] According to an embodiment of this application, a method embodiment for airspace network formation is provided. It should be noted that the steps shown in the flowchart in the accompanying drawings can be executed in a computer system such as a set of computer-executable instructions. Furthermore, although a logical order is shown in the flowchart, in some cases, the steps shown or described may be executed in a different order than that shown here.

[0045] The methods and embodiments provided in this application can be executed on mobile terminals, computer terminals, or similar computing devices. Figure 1 A hardware block diagram of a computer terminal (or electronic device) for implementing a spatial network networking method is shown. Figure 1 As shown, the computer terminal 10 (or electronic device) may include one or more processors 102 (shown as 102a, 102b, ..., 102n in the figure) 102 (processor 102 may include, but is not limited to, a microprocessor MCU or a programmable logic device FPGA, etc.), a memory 104 for storing data, and a transmission device 106 for communication functions. In addition, it may also include: a display, an input / output interface (I / O interface), a universal serial bus (USB) port (which may be included as one of the ports of a BUS bus), a network interface, a power supply, and / or a camera. Those skilled in the art will understand that... Figure 1 The structure shown is for illustrative purposes only and does not limit the structure of the aforementioned electronic device. For example, computer terminal 10 may also include... Figure 1 The more or fewer components shown, or having the same Figure 1 The different configurations shown.

[0046] It should be noted that the aforementioned one or more processors 102 and / or other data processing circuits are generally referred to herein as "data processing circuits". These data processing circuits may be embodied, in whole or in part, in software, hardware, firmware, or any other combination thereof. Furthermore, the data processing circuits may be a single, independent processing module, or may be integrated, in whole or in part, into any other element within the computer terminal 10 (or electronic device). As involved in the embodiments of this application, the data processing circuits serve as a processor control mechanism (e.g., selection of a variable resistor termination path connected to an interface).

[0047] The memory 104 can be used to store software programs and modules of application software, such as the program instruction / data storage device corresponding to the airspace network networking method in this embodiment. The processor 102 executes various functional applications and data processing by running the software programs and modules stored in the memory 104, thereby realizing the above-mentioned airspace network networking method. The memory 104 may include high-speed random access memory, and may also include non-volatile memory, such as one or more magnetic storage devices, flash memory, or other non-volatile solid-state memory. In some instances, the memory 104 may further include memory remotely located relative to the processor 102, and these remote memories can be connected to the computer terminal 10 via a network. Examples of the above-mentioned networks include, but are not limited to, the Internet, corporate intranets, local area networks, mobile communication networks, and combinations thereof.

[0048] The transmission device 106 is used to receive or send data via a network. Specific examples of the network described above may include a wireless network provided by the communication provider of the computer terminal 10. In one example, the transmission device 106 includes a Network Interface Controller (NIC), which can connect to other network devices via a base station to communicate with the Internet. In another example, the transmission device 106 may be a Radio Frequency (RF) module, used for wireless communication with the Internet.

[0049] The display may be, for example, a touchscreen liquid crystal display (LCD) that allows the user to interact with the user interface of the computer terminal 10 (or electronic device).

[0050] Under the aforementioned operating environment (in this embodiment, the operating environment can be a network resource orchestration platform), this application embodiment provides a method for airspace network topology. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a method for forming an airspace network according to an embodiment of this application, as shown below. Figure 2 As shown, the method includes the following steps:

[0051] Step S202: If drone service access to the network is detected, determine the location of the drone performing the drone service;

[0052] Step S204: Determine the service score of the cell that is within a preset distance range from the drone's location. The service score is used to characterize the quality of the communication service provided by the cell to the drone. The higher the service score, the higher the quality of the service provided.

[0053] Step S206: The preset number of cells with the highest service scores are identified as candidate working cells in the airspace, and the number of adjustable beams of the candidate working cells in the airspace is determined.

[0054] Step S208: Based on the number of adjustable beams, determine and set the air-to-air beams and ground-to-ground beams for the candidate working cells in the airspace, wherein the air-to-air beams are used to cover the airspace and the ground-to-ground beams are used to cover the ground.

[0055] Through the above steps, by utilizing existing AAU sites and adjusting parameters such as beam azimuth, tilt, 3dB bandwidth, and power of cells in real time based on the real-time location of the drone using a self-configured network, a high-quality, low-cost 5G ubiquitous low-altitude airspace network can be rapidly and dynamically self-assembled with zero construction cost in urban environments with dense AAU sites. This solves the problem that most drone airspace coverage solutions in related technologies require additional equipment for transmission upgrades, resulting in excessive costs, while solutions that utilize existing site resources to cover only the airspace have too much impact on ground coverage and waste beam resources for airspace coverage.

[0056] The airspace network formation method in steps S202 to S208 of the embodiments of this application will be further described below.

[0057] To achieve dynamic self-construction of a ubiquitous low-altitude network, it is necessary to dynamically adjust base station resources and parameters in real time. For example, this can be achieved through existing network resource orchestration platforms. In this embodiment, "sentinel stations" can be used to monitor whether drone services are in operation. Specifically, drone services can be identified by setting different 5QI (5G Quality of Service ID) or RFSPID. For example, 5QI 7 and RFSPID 18 can be used to distinguish drone services and users from large network services and users, and different handover strategies can be set based on these 5QI and RFSP.

[0058] When a "sentinel station" detects drone operations, it initiates dynamic real-time network adjustments according to the self-built rules of the low-altitude network. If no drone operations are detected, only the "sentinel station" monitors the low-altitude network. In this case, no other stations are needed for low-altitude coverage, thus saving network resources.

[0059] Specifically, when the "sentinel station" detects that a drone service has accessed the network, it needs to determine the location of the drone performing the service and notify the network resource orchestration platform to network the airspace network according to the self-built rules of the pan-low-altitude network. The specific steps are as follows.

[0060] In some embodiments of this application, determining the location of a drone performing a drone service when a drone service access to the network is detected includes the following steps: upon receiving latitude and longitude information reported by the drone upon power-on, determining the drone's location based on the latitude and longitude information; if the system contains fixed take-off point or flight trajectory planning information corresponding to the drone, determining the drone's location based on the fixed take-off point or flight trajectory planning information corresponding to the drone; and if a preset site detects the drone accessing the network, determining the drone's location based on the drone's corresponding reference signal received power, the identifier of the accessed beam, and the azimuth of the drone's corresponding primary serving cell, wherein the altitude of the preset site is higher than a preset altitude.

[0061] Specifically, in the embodiments of this application, the "sentinel station" may have the following three scenarios when detecting drone operations:

[0062] 1) Drones automatically report their latitude and longitude. In this scenario, the drone's location can be determined in the background by parsing the latitude and longitude information reported by the drone when it is powered on. The base station that is connected at this time acts as a "sentinel station". When a drone connects to the "sentinel station", it will interoperate based on the drone service ID. Thus, the "sentinel station" can determine whether there is a drone service and then notify the network resource orchestration platform to network the airspace network according to the self-built rules of the pan-low-altitude network.

[0063] 2) If the drone does not report its latitude and longitude, but has a fixed takeoff point or a pre-planned flight path, in this scenario, the latitude and longitude of the takeoff point can be determined based on the drone's fixed takeoff point (e.g., the location of the drone's cabin) or flight path planning information, thereby determining the drone's location.

[0064] For example, a drone has a fixed takeoff point such as a container house, with coordinates (118.6XXX, 31.9XXX). The coordinates of the "sentinel station" at this point are also (118.6XXX, 31.9XXX). The horizontal difference between the two is 140 meters, and the azimuth angle between them is 214 degrees. When the drone is powered on, it connects to the "sentinel station".

[0065] 3) If the drone does not report its latitude and longitude, and has no fixed take-off point or pre-planned flight path, in this scenario, a small number of existing sites with higher site addresses (i.e., the aforementioned preset sites) can be selected to form an airspace monitoring network to achieve basic network coverage of the low-altitude region. The drone's location can be determined by comprehensively considering information such as the RSRP after the drone terminal accesses the network, the accessed beam ID, and the azimuth of the main serving cell.

[0066] It should be noted that this embodiment does not require obtaining highly accurate UAV location information, because although the error is on the order of hundreds of meters in this scenario relative to the airspace coverage cell radius (taking 5km as an example), the error has little impact on the subsequent results in actual tests.

[0067] After determining the location of the drone, the candidate airspace working cells can be activated by implementing self-built rules for the pan-low-altitude network. The process of determining the candidate airspace working cells will be further introduced below.

[0068] First, identify the cells within a preset distance range (e.g., 1.5km) from the drone's location, and calculate the service score S corresponding to these cells. The specific steps are as follows.

[0069] In some embodiments of this application, determining the service score of a cell whose location is within a preset distance range from the drone includes the following steps: determining the cell whose location is within a preset distance range from the drone; obtaining the communication parameters corresponding to the cell, and determining the horizontal projection distance and azimuth offset between the base station and the drone corresponding to the cell based on the location of the drone, wherein the azimuth offset is the angle between the line connecting the location of the base station and the location of the drone and the azimuth direction of the cell's antenna; determining the weighting factors corresponding to each communication parameter, the horizontal projection distance, and the azimuth offset; and determining the service score corresponding to the cell based on each communication parameter, the horizontal projection distance, the azimuth offset, and the corresponding weighting factors.

[0070] To determine which cells are within a preset distance from the drone, it is necessary to first determine the coverage radius of each cell. The specific steps are as follows.

[0071] In some embodiments of this application, determining a cell within a preset distance range from the location of a drone includes the following steps: determining the uplink rate required for the drone service, and determining the reference signal receiving power required for the drone service based on the uplink rate; determining the maximum path loss corresponding to the cell based on the reference signal receiving power; determining the correction parameters corresponding to the cell, and determining the cell coverage radius based on the correction parameters, the maximum path loss, and the signal frequency corresponding to the cell, wherein the correction parameters include: fixed loss and building dynamic loss, the building dynamic loss being determined by the height and density of buildings in the area corresponding to the cell, where the building dynamic loss is linearly distributed with respect to the signal propagation distance when the building height is lower than a preset height threshold or the building density is lower than a preset density threshold, and the building dynamic loss is exponentially distributed with respect to the signal propagation distance when the building height is not lower than a preset height threshold and the building density is not lower than a preset density threshold; and determining cells whose coverage area corresponding to the cell coverage radius overlaps with the area within the preset distance range from the location of the drone as cells within the preset distance range.

[0072] Specifically, drone services are mainly uplink services. Different types of drone services have different rate requirements. In this embodiment, based on a large amount of test data in the early stage, the uplink rate required by most drone services can be fitted with RSRP. Then, based on the fitted required RSRP as the condition of the link budget, the maximum allowed path loss (MAPL) is obtained according to parameters such as the sending end, receiving end, environment and frequency band. Finally, the cell coverage radius d is obtained based on the maximum path loss.

[0073] Considering that drones typically fly at low altitudes between 100 and 1000 meters, if buildings are generally below this range, propagation can be approximated as a straight line in free space. However, in densely populated urban environments, the impact of reflected signals from tall buildings or the ground on drone communication must be considered. Therefore, in this embodiment, the airspace propagation model is modified, and the specific formula is as follows:

[0074] MAPL(dB)=20*lgd(km)+20*lgf(Mhz)+C

[0075] Where f is the signal frequency, and C is the correction parameter, composed of fixed loss and building dynamic loss X. In this embodiment, C = X + 18.96, where X is related to building height and density. When the building height is low and density is low, or when the building height is high and density is high, the relationship between X and the signal propagation distance is approximately linear. When the building height is high and density is high, the relationship between X and the signal propagation distance is exponential. Using the formula of the above spatial propagation model, the cell coverage radius d can be obtained based on the maximum path loss.

[0076] For example, for a certain project's drone service, based on the uplink rate required by the actual service, the RSRP needs to be greater than or equal to -100dBm, the corresponding maximum path loss MAPL is 123.68dB, the correction parameter C is 19.09, and according to the formula of the airspace propagation model, the coverage distance of the airspace candidate working cell can be calculated to be 5.46km based on the maximum path loss.

[0077] After obtaining the coverage radius of a cell, cells whose coverage area corresponds to the coverage radius and whose area overlaps with the area within a preset distance from the drone's location can be identified as cells within a preset distance from the drone's location (taking 1.5km as an example).

[0078] Then, the service score S for each existing network cell within a 1.5km range can be calculated using eight basic factors: antenna type, cell uplink load parameters, cell power margin, antenna height, antenna mechanical tilt angle, average uplink interference level, horizontal projection distance between the base station and the UAV, and azimuth offset angle, under the influence of corresponding weighting factors. The specific formula is as follows:

[0079] S=K A *K B *A*B*[(2.5*(K L *L+K I *I)+K D *D+1.6

[0080] *(K P *P+K O *O)+K H *H)]

[0081] Where A is the azimuth offset, B is the antenna type, L is the cell uplink load parameter, I is the cell uplink average interference level, D is the horizontal projection distance between the base station and the UAV, P is the cell power margin, O is the antenna mechanical tilt angle, H is the antenna station height, and K is the antenna height. A K is the weighting factor corresponding to the azimuth offset. B K is the weighting factor corresponding to the antenna type. LK is the weighting factor corresponding to the uplink load parameters of the cell. I K is the weighting factor corresponding to the average uplink interference level of the cell. D K represents the weighting factor corresponding to the horizontal projection distance between the base station and the drone. P K is the weighting factor corresponding to the power margin of the cell. O K is the weighting factor corresponding to the antenna's mechanical tilt angle. H This is the weighting factor corresponding to the antenna station height.

[0082] In this embodiment, the six communication parameters, namely antenna type, cell uplink load, cell power margin, antenna height, antenna mechanical tilt angle, and cell uplink average interference level, can be obtained in real time by the network resource orchestration platform from relevant data of the wireless network management and engineering parameter management platform; the horizontal projection distance between the base station and the UAV can be calculated by the network resource orchestration platform using the location information of the base station and the UAV; the azimuth offset can be obtained by the network resource orchestration platform calculating the angle between the line connecting the positions of the base station and the UAV and the azimuth angle of the cell antenna.

[0083] For example, suppose the platform detects drone operations at a "sentinel post". Within a 1.5km radius of the drone, there are 85 AAU cells. Then, based on factors such as antenna type, uplink load, base station location parameters, power margin, antenna height, antenna mechanical tilt, azimuth, and average uplink interference level of these 85 cells, the platform calculates the S-value of each cell using the existing network resource orchestration platform.

[0084] The weight parameters corresponding to the above eight basic factors can be determined based on their corresponding ranges. The specific steps are as follows.

[0085] In some embodiments of this application, the communication parameters include at least one of the following: antenna type, cell uplink load parameters, cell power margin, antenna station height, antenna mechanical tilt angle, and cell uplink average interference level; determining the weighting factors corresponding to each communication parameter, horizontal projection distance, and azimuth offset includes the following steps: determining the weighting factor corresponding to the antenna type, wherein the antenna type includes at least one of the following: an antenna array with 64 transmit and receive units, or an antenna array with 32 transmit and receive units; determining the weighting factor corresponding to the cell uplink load parameters based on the range of uplink physical resource block utilization, wherein the higher the uplink physical resource block utilization corresponding to the range, the smaller the weighting factor; determining the weighting factor corresponding to the range of cell power margin, wherein the range... The larger the corresponding cell power margin, the larger the weighting factor; determine the weighting factor corresponding to the range of antenna station height, where the higher the antenna station height in the range, the larger the weighting factor; determine the weighting factor corresponding to the range of antenna mechanical tilt angle, where the lower the antenna mechanical tilt angle in the range, the larger the weighting factor; determine the weighting factor corresponding to the range of cell uplink average interference level, where the higher the cell uplink average interference level in the range, the smaller the weighting factor; determine the weighting factor corresponding to the range of horizontal projection distance, where the higher the horizontal projection distance in the range, the smaller the weighting factor; determine the weighting factor corresponding to the range of azimuth offset, where the higher the azimuth offset in the range, the smaller the weighting factor.

[0086] Specifically, the segmented weights corresponding to each factor are shown in the table below.

[0087]

[0088] For example, when the network load is high and uplink interference is significant, K L K I Choose the larger value within the range, prioritizing cells with low load and low interference; conversely, choose the smaller value to reduce the weight of load and interference in the S value. When the overall buildings in the flight area are tall, K... H and K O Choose the larger value within the range, prioritizing cells with low tilt angles and high station heights; conversely, choose the smaller value to reduce the weight of station height and mechanical tilt angle in the S value.

[0089] For example, for a certain primary service cell with an azimuth angle of 240 degrees, its location has many tall buildings and a low network load, its factor differentiation weights are shown in the table below.

[0090]

[0091] The calculated value of S for this cell is 0.75*0.75*1*(2.5*(1*0.75+1*0.75)+0.5*1+1.6*(0.75*0+2*0.75)+3*0.25)=4.1625. Similarly, the three cells with the largest S values ​​can be selected as the candidate working cells for airspace.

[0092] After obtaining the service score for each cell, a preset number of cells with the highest service scores can be identified as airspace candidate working cells. In this embodiment, the preset number is 3, meaning the 3 cells with the highest service scores are selected as airspace candidate working cells. Before adjusting existing network cells to airspace candidate working cells through the network resource orchestration platform, it is also necessary to confirm the number of adjustable beams for the airspace candidate working cells. Due to different uplink and downlink time slot ratios, the number of configured SSB beams is different. Therefore, different beam adjustment schemes need to be set for different adjustable beam numbers. The specific steps are as follows.

[0093] In some embodiments of this application, determining and setting the air-to-air beams and ground-to-air beams of the airspace candidate working cell based on the number of adjustable beams includes the following steps: when the number of adjustable beams is a first quantity, beams with odd-numbered beam numbers are determined as air-to-air beams, and beams with even-numbered beam numbers are determined as ground-to-air beams, and the azimuth angle, tilt angle, and beamwidth corresponding to each beam are set, wherein the first quantity is an odd number; when the number of adjustable beams is a second quantity, beams with odd or even-numbered beam numbers are determined as air-to-air beams, and the remaining beams in the adjustable beams are determined as ground-to-air beams, and the azimuth angle, tilt angle, and beamwidth corresponding to each beam are set, wherein the first quantity is an even number.

[0094] For example, assuming an operator's uplink / downlink time slot ratio is 7:3 dual-cycle (5 downlink time slots, 2 special time slots, and 3 uplink time slots within 10ms), then there are 7 SSB beams available for configuration. That is, with the number of adjustable beams as the first quantity (taking 7 as an example), the SSB beam allocation and adjustment scheme for the 7 SSB beam sites is as follows: When the 7 SSB beam sites cover the ground network, each beam has a 3dB bandwidth of 15 degrees, and the overall 3dB bandwidth is 105 degrees. In this embodiment, the 4 even-numbered SSB beams (starting from 0) can be used to cover the ground, and the 3 odd-numbered beams can be used to cover the airspace. The azimuth angles corresponding to the weights of the ground-covering beams are -45°, -15°, +15°, and +45°, respectively, and the width of each beam is adjusted to 30 degrees. The azimuth angles corresponding to the coverage airspace beam weights are -30°, 0°, and +30°, respectively. The width of each beam is adjusted to 30 degrees. The upward adjustment of the airspace beam tilt angle will be adjusted according to the UAV's flight altitude and cannot exceed the maximum adjustable range. At the same time, in order to reduce the impact of the reduction in ground coverage SSB beams, the power of ground coverage SSB beams can be appropriately increased, generally controlled at around 3dB.

[0095] For example, if the candidate working cell antenna is an AAU with a time slot ratio of 7:3 (DDDSUDDSUU) and uses 7 SSB beams, then the candidate working cell will use even-numbered beams (beam numbers 0, 2, 4, 8) to cover the ground, and odd-numbered beams (beam numbers 1, 3, 5) to cover the airspace. The ground beam tilt angle remains unchanged from before the adjustment, and the beam azimuth angles are -45, -15, +15, and +45 degrees, respectively. The power of each ground beam is increased by 2dB. The air-to-ground beam tilt angle is set to 0 degrees based on the actual flight altitude, and the beam azimuth angles are -30, 0, and 30 degrees, respectively. The beam configuration is configured through the network resource orchestration platform.

[0096] If an operator configures an 8:2 dual-cycle architecture (7 downlink time slots, 1 special time slot, and 2 uplink time slots within 10ms), then 8 SSB beams can be configured. That is, with the second number of adjustable beams (taking 8 as an example), the SSB beam allocation and adjustment scheme for the 8 SSB beam sites is as follows: In this embodiment, when there are 8 SSB beams, 4 are allocated to the ground and 4 to the airspace. The 4 beams with odd or even numbered beams can cover the ground and airspace respectively. Specifically, if the 4 beams with odd numbered beams cover the airspace, then the 4 beams with even numbered beams cover the ground; and if the 4 beams with even numbered beams cover the airspace, then the 4 beams with odd numbered beams cover the ground. Furthermore... The approach to adjusting the tilt angle and power of the ground and airspace beams is the same as that for the seven SSB beam sites. The difference is that the azimuth weight of the beams only needs to be evenly distributed within the original 3dB bandwidth range.

[0097] By adjusting the beamwidth of existing network cells, the dynamic adjustment of existing AAU sites to alternative working cells in the airspace was achieved in real time.

[0098] In addition, during the drone's movement, it can switch between the primary airspace service cell and the alternative airspace service cell based on network quality, and dynamically update the alternative airspace service cell. The specific steps are as follows.

[0099] In some embodiments of this application, after determining and setting the air-to-air beam and ground-to-air beam of the airspace candidate working cell, the method further includes the following steps: when the service score of the airspace primary serving cell is lower than the service score of the airspace candidate working cell, the communication connection of the UAV is switched to the airspace candidate working cell, and the airspace candidate working cell is determined as the new airspace primary serving cell, wherein the airspace primary serving cell is the cell where the UAV is currently making a communication connection; after each switch of the airspace primary serving cell connected to the UAV, the service score corresponding to the cell within a preset distance range from the UAV is re-determined, and a preset number of cells with the highest service scores are determined as new airspace candidate working cells; when the airspace candidate working cell still fails to establish a communication connection with the UAV after a preset time period, the air-to-air beam of the airspace candidate working cell is reset to a ground-to-air beam for ground coverage.

[0100] Specifically, the drone terminal can switch between the primary serving cell and alternative serving cells in the airspace based on network quality. After each switch, the service score S is recalculated based on the current primary serving cell, and a preset number (for example, 3) cells with the highest service scores are selected as alternative serving cells. Figure 3 As shown, for the non-airspace primary serving cell and the three airspace candidate working cells with the highest service score S, after a period of inactivity, the network resource orchestration platform restores the beams covering the airspace to continue covering the ground, thereby realizing the dynamic self-construction and autonomy of the airspace network.

[0101] In addition, to prevent potential unforeseen factors from causing a deterioration in indicators such as load, which would greatly affect airspace service perception, and to better support the service needs of UAVs with different complex flight trajectories in urban environments, this application embodiment can also dynamically adjust the cells covering the airspace by tracking the load of the primary serving cell in real time. The specific steps are as follows.

[0102] In some embodiments of this application, the method further includes the following steps: monitoring the load index of the primary airspace serving cell, wherein the load index includes at least one of the following: uplink physical resource block utilization; when the load index exceeds a preset load threshold, reducing the number of air-to-air beams in the primary airspace serving cell, and / or increasing the downtilt angle of the air-to-air beams, and / or reducing the beam power of the air-to-air beams, so that the communication connection of the UAV is switched from the primary airspace serving cell to the alternative airspace serving cell.

[0103] Specifically, when the load on the covered airspace station is low (taking a real-time uplink PRB utilization rate of 30% as an example), that is, when the uplink PRB utilization rate of the primary serving cell of the covered airspace station is less than 30%, the UAV will continue to occupy the current primary serving cell normally. However, when the load on the covered airspace station is high, for example, when the uplink PRB utilization rate of the covered airspace station is greater than or equal to 30%, the network resource orchestration platform can be used to reduce the number of air-to-air coverage beams of the current primary serving cell, increase the electronic downtilt angle of the air-to-air beams, and reduce the power of the air-to-air beams, thereby reducing the airspace coverage of that cell and actively prompting the UAV to switch to an alternative working cell in the airspace. Figure 4 As shown, when a drone switches from the primary serving cell to another cell, the S value is recalculated and the top 3 cells with the highest S values ​​are selected. The same process is followed thereafter. For candidate working cells whose airspace has not been occupied for 15 consecutive minutes, the network resource orchestration platform can restore the beams of the airspace covered by the two cells and continue to cover the ground.

[0104] To evaluate the effectiveness of the airspace network topology scheme in this application embodiment, the impact on ground coverage can be assessed using RSRP ≥ -105dBm & SINR ≥ -3dB as thresholds; the air coverage effect can be assessed using RSRP ≥ the RSRP threshold fitted by the actual service & SINR ≥ -3dB as thresholds. If the ground coverage effect deteriorates significantly, the number of air coverage beams should be reduced and the power of the ground coverage beams increased until the ground coverage quality does not decrease compared to before the adjustment.

[0105] Specifically, the ground coverage effect before and after adopting this scheme can be compared from three aspects: RSRP, SINR, and downlink rate. The specific effects are shown in the table below.

[0106]

[0107]

[0108] In addition, the air coverage effect was evaluated by using a drone equipped with a test mobile phone. For example, before the test, based on the customer's business requirements and historical test data, the required RSRP was estimated to be ≥-100dBm. Therefore, when evaluating the air coverage effect, RSRP and SINR in the normal and sidelobe directions were tested separately. The air coverage effect of the test area before and after adopting this solution is shown in the table below.

[0109] Comparison items Before adjustment After adjustment Remark RSRP≥-100dBm proportion 69.71％ 99.81％ Significant improvement SINR≥-3dB proportion 92.80％ 98.31％ Significant improvement

[0110] The test results show that after adopting this solution, the proportion of RSRP ≥ -100dBm and &SINR ≥ -3dB has increased significantly, achieving the expected results.

[0111] This application proposes a solution that addresses different airspace service coverage needs. Based on the real-time location of drones, it designs a solution that fully utilizes existing AAU sites and dynamically selects 5G cells for airspace coverage. The solution adjusts parameters such as beam azimuth, tilt, 3dB bandwidth, and power of these cells in real time. This approach ensures that ground coverage is not compromised while rapidly and dynamically self-constructing a high-quality, low-cost 5G general low-altitude airspace network. This enables simultaneous 5G coverage of both the ground and general low-altitude airspace, improving the efficiency of general low-altitude 5G network deployment and promoting the development of drone services.

[0112] According to an embodiment of this application, an embodiment of an airspace network networking device is also provided. Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a spatial network networking device according to an embodiment of this application. Figure 5 As shown, the device includes:

[0113] The service monitoring module 50 is used to determine the location of the drone performing the drone service when the network access of the drone service is detected.

[0114] The service scoring module 52 is used to determine the service score of cells that are within a preset distance range from the drone. The service score is used to characterize the quality of communication services provided by the cells to the drone. The higher the service score, the higher the quality of the service provided.

[0115] The cell determination module 54 is used to determine a preset number of cells with the highest service scores as airspace candidate working cells, and to determine the number of adjustable beams of the airspace candidate working cells.

[0116] The beam allocation module 56 is used to determine and set the air-to-air beam and ground-to-ground beam of the airspace candidate working cell based on the number of adjustable beams, wherein the air-to-air beam is used to cover the airspace and the ground-to-ground beam is used to cover the ground.

[0117] Optionally, when a drone service access to the network is detected, determining the location of the drone performing the drone service includes: if latitude and longitude information reported by the drone when it is powered on is received, determining the location of the drone based on the latitude and longitude information; if a fixed take-off point or flight trajectory planning information corresponding to the drone exists in the system, determining the location of the drone based on the fixed take-off point or flight trajectory planning information corresponding to the drone; if a preset site detects that the drone accesses the network, determining the location of the drone based on the reference signal received power of the drone, the identifier of the accessed beam, and the azimuth of the main serving cell corresponding to the drone, wherein the altitude of the preset site is higher than a preset altitude.

[0118] Optionally, determining the service score for cells whose location is within a preset distance range from the drone includes: identifying cells whose location is within a preset distance range from the drone; obtaining the communication parameters corresponding to the cells, and determining the horizontal projection distance and azimuth offset between the base station and the drone based on the drone's location, wherein the azimuth offset is the angle between the line connecting the base station's location and the drone's location and the azimuth direction of the cell's antenna; determining the weighting factors corresponding to each communication parameter, horizontal projection distance, and azimuth offset; and determining the service score corresponding to the cell based on each communication parameter, horizontal projection distance, azimuth offset, and the corresponding weighting factors.

[0119] Optionally, the communication parameters include at least one of the following: antenna type, cell uplink load parameters, cell power margin, antenna station height, antenna mechanical tilt angle, and cell uplink average interference level; determining the weighting factors corresponding to each communication parameter, horizontal projection distance, and azimuth offset includes: determining the weighting factor corresponding to the antenna type, wherein the antenna type includes at least one of the following: an antenna array with 64 transmit and receive units, or an antenna array with 32 transmit and receive units; determining the weighting factor corresponding to the cell uplink load parameters based on the range of uplink physical resource block utilization, wherein the higher the uplink physical resource block utilization corresponding to the range, the smaller the weighting factor; determining the weighting factor corresponding to the range of cell power margin, wherein the cell power margin corresponding to the range... The larger the power margin, the larger the weighting factor; determine the weighting factor corresponding to the range of antenna station height, where the higher the antenna station height in the range, the larger the weighting factor; determine the weighting factor corresponding to the range of antenna mechanical tilt angle, where the lower the antenna mechanical tilt angle in the range, the larger the weighting factor; determine the weighting factor corresponding to the range of cell uplink average interference level, where the higher the cell uplink average interference level in the range, the smaller the weighting factor; determine the weighting factor corresponding to the range of horizontal projection distance, where the higher the horizontal projection distance in the range, the smaller the weighting factor; determine the weighting factor corresponding to the range of azimuth offset, where the higher the azimuth offset in the range, the smaller the weighting factor.

[0120] Optionally, determining cells within a preset distance range from the drone's location includes: determining the uplink rate required for the drone service, and based on the uplink rate, determining the reference signal receiving power required for the drone service; determining the maximum path loss corresponding to the cell based on the reference signal receiving power; determining the correction parameters corresponding to the cell, and based on the correction parameters, the maximum path loss, and the signal frequency corresponding to the cell, determining the cell coverage radius. The correction parameters include: fixed loss and building dynamic loss. Building dynamic loss is determined by the height and density of buildings within the area corresponding to the cell. When the building height is lower than a preset height threshold or the building density is lower than a preset density threshold, the building dynamic loss exhibits a linear distribution with the signal propagation distance. When the building height is not lower than the preset height threshold and the building density is not lower than the preset density threshold, the building dynamic loss exhibits an exponential distribution with the signal propagation distance. Cells whose coverage area corresponding to the cell coverage radius overlaps with areas within a preset distance range from the drone's location are determined as cells within a preset distance range from the drone's location.

[0121] Optionally, determining and setting the air-to-air and ground-to-air beams for the airspace candidate working cells based on the number of adjustable beams includes: when the number of adjustable beams is a first quantity, determining beams with odd-numbered beam numbers as air-to-air beams and beams with even-numbered beam numbers as ground-to-air beams, and setting the azimuth, tilt, and beamwidth corresponding to each beam, wherein the first quantity is an odd number; when the number of adjustable beams is a second quantity, determining beams with odd or even-numbered beam numbers as air-to-air beams, and determining the remaining beams in the adjustable beams as ground-to-air beams, and setting the azimuth, tilt, and beamwidth corresponding to each beam, wherein the first quantity is an even number.

[0122] Optionally, after determining and setting the air-to-air beam and ground-to-air beam of the airspace candidate working cell, the airspace network networking device is further configured to: switch the communication connection of the UAV to the airspace candidate working cell when the service score of the airspace primary serving cell is lower than that of the airspace candidate working cell, and designate the airspace candidate working cell as the new airspace primary serving cell, wherein the airspace primary serving cell is the cell where the UAV is currently making a communication connection; after each switch of the airspace primary serving cell connected to the UAV, re-determine the service score of the cell corresponding to the cell within a preset distance range from the UAV, and designate the preset number of cells with the highest service scores as new airspace candidate working cells; if the airspace candidate working cell still fails to establish a communication connection with the UAV after a preset time period, reset the air-to-air beam of the airspace candidate working cell to a ground-to-air beam for ground coverage.

[0123] Optionally, the airspace network networking device is also used to: monitor the load indicators of the airspace primary serving cell, wherein the load indicators include at least one of the following: uplink physical resource block utilization rate; when the load indicators exceed a preset load threshold, reduce the number of air-to-air beams in the airspace primary serving cell, and / or increase the downtilt angle of the air-to-air beams, and / or decrease the beam power of the air-to-air beams, so that the communication connection of the UAV is switched from the airspace primary serving cell to the airspace alternative working cell.

[0124] It should be noted that each module in the above-mentioned airspace network networking device can be a program module (for example, a set of program instructions to implement a certain function) or a hardware module. For the latter, it can be manifested in the following forms, but is not limited to them: each of the above modules is manifested as a processor, or the functions of each of the above modules are implemented by a processor.

[0125] It should be noted that the airspace network networking device provided in this embodiment can be used to perform... Figure 2 The airspace network networking method shown above is also applicable to the embodiments of this application, and will not be repeated here.

[0126] This application embodiment also provides a non-volatile storage medium, which includes a stored computer program. The device containing the non-volatile storage medium executes the following airspace network networking method by running the computer program: upon detecting unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) service access to the network, determining the location of the UAV performing the UAV service; determining the service score corresponding to cells within a preset distance range from the UAV's location, wherein the service score characterizes the quality of service provided by the cell to the UAV, with a higher service score indicating higher service quality; identifying a preset number of cells with the highest service scores as airspace candidate working cells, and determining the number of adjustable beams for the airspace candidate working cells; and determining and setting the air-to-air beam and ground-to-ground beam of the airspace candidate working cells based on the number of adjustable beams, wherein the air-to-air beam is used to cover the airspace, and the ground-to-ground beam is used to cover the ground.

[0127] This application also provides a computer program product, including a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the airspace network networking method described in various embodiments of this application: upon detecting unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) service access to the network, determining the location of the UAV performing the UAV service; determining the service score corresponding to cells within a preset distance range from the UAV's location, wherein the service score characterizes the quality of service provided by the cell to the UAV, with a higher service score indicating higher service quality; determining a preset number of cells with the highest service scores as airspace candidate working cells, and determining the number of adjustable beams for the airspace candidate working cells; and determining and setting the air-to-air beam and ground-to-ground beam of the airspace candidate working cells based on the number of adjustable beams, wherein the air-to-air beam is used to cover the airspace, and the ground-to-ground beam is used to cover the ground.

[0128] The sequence numbers of the embodiments in this application are for descriptive purposes only and do not represent the superiority or inferiority of the embodiments.

[0129] In the above embodiments of this application, the descriptions of each embodiment have different focuses. For parts not described in detail in a certain embodiment, please refer to the relevant descriptions of other embodiments.

[0130] In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed technical content can be implemented in other ways. The device embodiments described above are merely illustrative; for example, the division of units can be a logical functional division, and in actual implementation, there may be other division methods. For instance, multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored or not executed. Furthermore, the displayed or discussed mutual coupling, direct coupling, or communication connection may be through some interfaces; the indirect coupling or communication connection between units or modules may be electrical or other forms.

[0131] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate. The components shown as units may or may not be physical units; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple units. Some or all of the units can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs.

[0132] Furthermore, the functional units in the various embodiments of this application can be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit. The integrated unit can be implemented in hardware or as a software functional unit.

[0133] If the integrated unit is implemented as a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of this application, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or all or part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in the various embodiments of this application. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as a USB flash drive, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), portable hard drive, magnetic disk, or optical disk.

[0134] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of this application. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of this application, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A method for forming a spatial network, characterized in that, include: Upon detecting unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) service access to the network, determine the location of the UAV performing the UAV service; Determining cells within a preset distance range from the drone's location includes: determining the uplink rate required for the drone service, and based on the uplink rate, determining the reference signal receiving power required for the drone service; determining the maximum path loss corresponding to the cell based on the reference signal receiving power; determining the correction parameters corresponding to the cell, and based on the correction parameters, the maximum path loss, and the signal frequency corresponding to the cell, determining the cell coverage radius of the cell, wherein the correction parameters include: fixed loss and building dynamic loss, the building dynamic loss being determined by the height and density of buildings within the area corresponding to the cell, wherein when the building height is lower than a preset height threshold or the building density is lower than a preset density threshold, the building dynamic loss exhibits a linear distribution with the signal propagation distance, and when the building height is not lower than a preset height threshold and the building density is not lower than a preset density threshold, the building dynamic loss exhibits an exponential distribution with the signal propagation distance; and defining cells whose coverage area corresponding to the cell coverage radius overlaps with an area within the preset distance range from the drone's location as cells within the preset distance range from the drone's location. Determine the service score of the cell that is within a preset distance from the drone's location, wherein the service score is used to characterize the quality of service provided by the cell to the drone, and the higher the service score, the higher the quality of service provided. The number of cells with the highest service scores are selected as airspace candidate working cells, and the number of adjustable beams of the airspace candidate working cells is determined. Based on the number of adjustable beams, the air-to-air beams and ground-to-ground beams of the airspace candidate working cells are determined and set, wherein the air-to-air beams are used to cover the airspace and the ground-to-ground beams are used to cover the ground.

2. The spatial network networking method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The drone service is identified by a 5G quality of service identifier or a radio access type / frequency selection priority identifier. Determining the location of the drone performing the drone service upon detecting network access to the drone service includes: Upon receiving the latitude and longitude information reported by the drone when it is powered on, the location of the drone is determined based on the latitude and longitude information. If the system contains fixed takeoff point or flight trajectory planning information corresponding to the UAV, the location of the UAV is determined based on the fixed takeoff point or flight trajectory planning information corresponding to the UAV. When the drone is detected to be accessing the network at a preset site, the location of the drone is determined based on the reference signal receiving power of the drone, the identifier of the accessed beam, and the azimuth of the main serving cell of the drone. The altitude of the preset site is higher than a preset altitude.

3. The spatial network networking method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The service score for cells whose location is within a preset distance from the drone includes: The communication parameters corresponding to the cell are obtained, and based on the position of the UAV, the horizontal projection distance and azimuth offset between the base station corresponding to the cell and the UAV are determined, wherein the azimuth offset is the angle between the line connecting the position of the base station and the position of the UAV and the azimuth direction of the antenna of the cell. Determine the weighting factors corresponding to each of the aforementioned communication parameters, the horizontal projection distance, and the azimuth offset; The service score corresponding to the cell is determined based on the aforementioned communication parameters, the horizontal projection distance, the azimuth offset, and the corresponding weighting factors.

4. The airspace network networking method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The communication parameters include at least one of the following: antenna type, cell uplink load parameters, cell power margin, antenna station height, antenna mechanical tilt angle, and cell uplink average interference level; The weighting factors for each of the aforementioned communication parameters, the horizontal projection distance, and the azimuth offset include: Determine the weighting factor corresponding to the antenna type, wherein the antenna type includes at least one of the following: an antenna array with 64 transmitting and receiving units, or an antenna array with 32 transmitting and receiving units; Based on the range of uplink physical resource block utilization, the weighting factor corresponding to the uplink load parameter of the cell is determined, wherein the higher the uplink physical resource block utilization corresponding to the range, the smaller the weighting factor; Determine the weighting factor corresponding to the interval range where the cell power margin is located, wherein the larger the cell power margin corresponding to the interval range, the larger the weighting factor; Determine the weighting factor corresponding to the interval range where the antenna station height is located, wherein the higher the antenna station height corresponding to the interval range, the larger the weighting factor; Determine the weighting factor corresponding to the interval range in which the antenna mechanical tilt angle is located, wherein the lower the antenna mechanical tilt angle corresponding to the interval range, the larger the weighting factor; Determine the weighting factor corresponding to the interval range in which the cell's uplink average interference level is located, wherein the larger the cell's uplink average interference level corresponding to the interval range, the smaller the weighting factor; Determine the weighting factor corresponding to the interval range in which the horizontal projection distance is located, wherein the larger the horizontal projection distance corresponding to the interval range, the smaller the weighting factor; Determine the weighting factor corresponding to the interval range in which the azimuth offset is located, wherein the larger the azimuth offset corresponding to the interval range, the smaller the weighting factor.

5. The airspace network networking method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Based on the number of adjustable beams, determining and setting the air-to-air and ground-to-air beams of the airspace candidate working cells includes: When the number of adjustable beams is a first quantity, beams with odd numbers are identified as air-to-ground beams, and beams with even numbers are identified as ground-to-ground beams. The azimuth, tilt, and beamwidth of each beam are set, wherein the first quantity is an odd number. When the number of adjustable beams is the second quantity, the beams with odd or even number of beam numbers are determined as the air-to-ground beams, and the remaining beams in the adjustable beams are determined as the ground-to-ground beams. The azimuth angle, tilt angle, and beamwidth corresponding to each beam are set, wherein the first quantity is an even number.

6. The airspace network networking method according to claim 1, characterized in that, After determining and setting the air-to-air and ground-to-air beams of the candidate airspace working cells, the method further includes: If the service score of the primary airspace serving cell is lower than the service score of the alternative airspace serving cell, the communication connection of the UAV is switched to the alternative airspace serving cell, and the alternative airspace serving cell is determined as the new primary airspace serving cell, wherein the primary airspace serving cell is the cell in which the UAV is currently making a communication connection. After each switch of the primary serving cell in the airspace connected to the UAV, the service score of the cell corresponding to the UAV's location within a preset distance range is re-determined, and a preset number of cells with the highest service scores are determined as new candidate working cells in the airspace. If the airspace candidate cell fails to establish a communication connection with the UAV after a preset time period, the air-to-air beam of the airspace candidate cell will be reset to the ground-to-ground beam for ground coverage.

7. The airspace network networking method according to claim 6, characterized in that, The method further includes: Monitor the load indicators of the primary serving cell in the airspace, wherein the load indicators include at least one of the following: uplink physical resource block utilization rate; If the load index exceeds a preset load threshold, reduce the number of air-to-air beams in the primary airspace serving cell, and / or increase the downtilt angle of the air-to-air beams, and / or decrease the beam power of the air-to-air beams, so that the communication connection of the UAV is switched from the primary airspace serving cell to the alternative airspace serving cell.

8. A spatial network networking device, characterized in that, include: The service monitoring module is used to determine the location of the drone performing the drone service when the network access of the drone service is detected. A service scoring module is used to determine cells within a preset distance range from the location of the drone. This includes: determining the uplink rate required for the drone service, and based on the uplink rate, determining the reference signal receiving power required for the drone service; determining the maximum path loss corresponding to the cell based on the reference signal receiving power; determining the correction parameters corresponding to the cell, and based on the correction parameters, the maximum path loss, and the signal frequency corresponding to the cell, determining the cell coverage radius of the cell. The correction parameters include fixed loss and building dynamic loss. The building dynamic loss is determined by the height and density of buildings within the area corresponding to the cell. When the building height is lower than a preset height threshold or the building density is lower than a preset density threshold, the building dynamic loss exhibits a linear distribution with the signal propagation distance. When the building height is not lower than a preset height threshold and the building density is not lower than a preset density threshold, the building dynamic loss exhibits an exponential distribution with the signal propagation distance. Cells whose coverage area corresponding to the cell coverage radius overlaps with an area within the preset distance range from the location of the drone are determined as cells within the preset distance range from the location of the drone. The service scoring module is also used to determine the service score of cells that are within a preset distance range from the location of the drone. The service score is used to characterize the quality of the communication service provided by the cell to the drone. The higher the service score, the higher the quality of the service provided. The cell determination module is used to determine a preset number of cells with the highest service scores as airspace candidate working cells, and to determine the number of adjustable beams of the airspace candidate working cells. The beam allocation module is used to determine and set the air-to-air beam and ground-to-ground beam of the airspace candidate working cell according to the number of adjustable beams, wherein the air-to-air beam is used to cover the airspace and the ground-to-ground beam is used to cover the ground.

9. A network resource orchestration platform, characterized in that, include: A memory and a processor, the processor being configured to run a program stored in the memory, wherein the program, when running, executes the airspace network networking method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

10. A non-volatile storage medium, characterized in that, The non-volatile storage medium includes a stored computer program, wherein the device containing the non-volatile storage medium executes the airspace network networking method according to any one of claims 1 to 7 by running the computer program.

11. A computer program product, comprising a computer program, characterized in that, When the computer program is executed by the processor, it implements the steps of the airspace network networking method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

Images