Method for promoting growth of moss crust by applying corn straw and application

Abstract

The invention provides a method for promoting moss crust growth by applying corn straw and application. Belongs to the technical field of environmental protection. The method comprises the following steps: collecting well-developed moss crust, removing impurities, drying, crushing to prepare crust seed soil, inoculating the crust seed soil to soil, applying crushed corn straws or carbonized corn straws to the soil, and culturing the moss crust. By reasonably applying the corn straw, growth of moss crust is promoted, technical guidance is provided for ecological environment restoration of arid or semi-arid regions, and the method is environmentally friendly, simple and easy to popularize.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of environmental protection, and in particular relates to a method and application of applying corn stalks to promote the growth of moss crusts. Background Art

[0002] Biological soil crust (BSC) is a common ground cover in arid areas. It is a dense soil layer formed by the mutual cementation of microorganisms and soil particles on the soil surface. It is known as the "living skin" of global arid lands due to its unique ecological function. Moss crust is the highest succession stage of biological crust. Compared with algae and lichen crusts, it has stronger photosynthesis and asexual reproduction ability, so moss crust is the key research object of biological crust. Studies have shown that moss crust can not only strengthen the fixation of sand surface and improve the physical and chemical properties of soil by enhancing the cohesion between soil particles, but also increase the content of soil organic matter and the activity of microorganisms in soil. Corn straw is known as a "soil engineer". A large number of studies have found that returning straw to the field will optimize the soil nutrient structure and improve the soil aggregate structure. Crushing straw is to directly use machinery to break the straw into crumbs (about 6mm in diameter), and carbonizing straw is to use high-temperature anoxic decomposition to thermally crack the straw into clay particles. At present, the output of corn as the main cash crop in my country is increasing year by year, resulting in a large amount of waste corn stalks. Unscientific treatment methods have caused serious waste of stalks. Moss crusts have become a key link in the evolution of arid ecosystems with their unique stress resistance, but the lack of soil fertility in my country's arid areas leads to slow growth of crusts.

[0003] At present, the main application forms of corn straw in my country are crushing and carbonization. Scholars in different fields have conducted various studies on the impact of straw application on plant growth. For example, Chen Helong et al. studied the effects of different straw return methods on corn growth and yield. The results showed that the scientific straw application mode can not only shorten the corn maturity period, but also effectively increase corn yield; Li Shizhong et al. found that the application of corn straw can effectively increase the mass ratio of soil organic matter, total nitrogen, effective nitrogen, available phosphorus and available potassium through the effect of corn straw return on soil nutrients and soil enzyme activity in the Yellow River Irrigation Area of ​​Ningxia; Zhang Huiqi et al. investigated and analyzed different carbonized straw and test soil mass ratio combinations to understand the effect of carbonized straw on the porosity and water holding capacity of sandy soil. The experimental results showed that the application of carbonized straw can effectively enhance the water content of sandy soil and improve the porosity of sandy soil. However, over the years, scholars in different fields have mostly focused on the study of the effects of straw application on the growth characteristics of higher plants and soil physical and chemical properties, and there are relatively few studies on the effects of microbial growth characteristics. Therefore, the mechanism of the effect of straw application pattern on crust growth characteristics needs to be further explored.

[0004] Based on the above-mentioned current status of research in the prior art, the present invention explores the impact of straw application methods on the cultivation of moss crusts, thereby providing a growth method that can quickly breed moss crusts, and at the same time provides theoretical support for the impact of corn straw use methods on moss crusts, thereby providing technical support for the sustainable development of moss crusts in arid environments. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a method and application of applying corn stalks to promote the growth of moss crusts.

[0006] The present invention provides a method for promoting the growth of moss crust by applying corn stalks, comprising applying a layer of corn stalks on the surface of soil inoculated with crust seed soil, thereby cultivating the growth of moss crust; wherein the corn stalks include any one of crushed stalks and / or carbonized stalks.

[0007] Preferably, the carbonized straw can improve the soil conductivity, promote the conversion of nutrients between the moss crust and the soil, improve the crust's ability to absorb nutrients and the moss crust's ability to fix carbon and nitrogen; the crushed straw can increase the soil's porosity, provide more oxygen for the moss crust, promote the exchange of gas between the moss crust and the outside world, and provide conditions for the aerobic respiration of the moss crust; the use of the corn straw can increase the water content of the crust layer where the moss crust grows, further promote the growth of the moss crust, and form a virtuous circle.

[0008] The application of carbonized straw will increase the soil conductivity, which will not only increase the ability of the crust to absorb nutrients, but also promote the ability of the crust to fix carbon and nitrogen. At the end of the cultivation period, the C and N contents of the soil under the crust layer were measured for the carbonized straw application. The results showed that as the application of carbonized straw increased, the thickness of the crust layer increased, but the C and N contents of the soil under the crust layer decreased, which showed that the application of carbonized straw would enhance the utilization of soil nutrients by the crust by promoting the conversion of nutrients in the crust and soil.

[0009] Preferably, the crushed straw can increase the porosity of the soil, provide more sufficient oxygen for the moss crust, enhance the exchange of gas between the moss crust and the outside world, and promote the aerobic respiration of the moss crust.

[0010] Moss crusts have poor gas regulation ability due to the lack of vascular tissue and true root system. In addition, in the water storage tray at the bottom of the seedling tray, the upper surface of the water body is closely attached to the bottom of the dense tray for a long time, which reduces the permeability of the substrate and affects the transformation and utilization of substances by the aerobic respiration of the crust. The application of crushed straw will increase the porosity of the soil, enhance the gas exchange capacity of the crust with the outside world, and provide more oxygen for the crust, promoting the aerobic respiration of the crust. On the other hand, crushed straw will increase the water content of the crust layer due to its strong water holding capacity. Water is an important environmental factor for the growth and development of crusts in arid areas. Since moss propagation mainly relies on plant fragments to produce protonema, which branches and then develops into plant bodies, the protonema in the development stage has poor drought resistance, so the crust is very sensitive to changes in environmental moisture. When the substrate is short of water for a short period of time, the moss crust will turn into a dormant state due to the self-protection mechanism. Better water conditions are conducive to increasing the nutrient content in the soil, which is beneficial to the propagation of moss crusts to a certain extent. In addition, the application of pulverized straw can significantly increase the microbial content and enzyme activity in the crust layer, thereby promoting its rapid growth and development.

[0011] Preferably, the amount of the crushed straw used is 6 g / m 2 ~400g / m 2 .

[0012] Preferably, the application amount of the carbonized straw is 10 g / m 2 -150g / m 2 .

[0013] Preferably, the crushed straw comprises crushing corn straw and then passing it through a 10-mesh to 35-mesh sieve to obtain straw powder with a particle size of 0.6 mm to 2 mm, and the crushed straw is prepared, and part of the straw powder is in the form of filaments.

[0014] Preferably, the carbonized straw comprises corn straw subjected to anaerobic pyrolysis at 400° C. to 500° C. to obtain the carbonized straw.

[0015] Preferably, the method of applying corn stalks to promote the growth of moss crusts comprises the following specific steps:

[0016] S1. Collect moss crusts, shade them and air-dry them naturally, then crush them to make the crust seed soil;

[0017] S2. inoculating the crusted seed soil on the soil;

[0018] S3. Prepare corn stalks;

[0019] S4. Apply straw and cultivate moss crust.

[0020] Further, in S1, the criteria for collecting the moss crust include: the moss crust is a well-developed moss crust sample in the test area, with an average coverage of about 80% and an average thickness of 8.32±0.38 mm (n=16), and the moss crust is collected.

[0021] In S1, the criteria for collecting the moss crust include: in the moss crust, the moss types are Bryum argenteum and Bryum kunzei of the Bryaceae family as dominant species, and Didymodonvinealis and Crossidium crassinerviume as associated species.

[0022] Preferably, the average coverage of the moss crust at the time of collection is ∼80% and the average thickness is 8.32±0.38 mm.

[0023] Preferably, the crushed moss crust is passed through a 10-35 mesh sieve to obtain the crust seed soil.

[0024] Furthermore, in S2, the soil is sandy loam, which is collected from 50 cm above the farmland surface, dried, and then sieved with an 80-mesh pore size.

[0025] Furthermore, in s2, the soil is sandy loam, which is collected from 50 cm above the farmland surface and dried and then sieved with an 80-mesh aperture. Applying carbonized straw to sandy soil will significantly increase the content of available phosphorus and available potassium in the sandy soil, making the sandy soil have a higher fertilizer utilization rate.

[0026] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0027] The present invention provides technical guidance for promoting the growth of moss crust by applying corn stalks in a reasonable manner, can use agricultural waste as raw materials to promote the cultivation of moss crusts, turning waste into treasure, and provides technical guidance for ecological restoration in arid areas. The cultivation method is simple, easy to promote, and green and environmentally friendly. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments recorded in the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0029] Figure 1 This is a comparison chart of the effects of applying different levels of pulverized straw on crust coverage in Example 1 of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 2 This is a comparison chart of the effects of applying different levels of carbonized straw on crust coverage in Example 1 of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 3 This is a comparison chart of the effects of applying pulverized straw and carbonized straw on the thickness of moss crust in Example 1 of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 4 This is a comparison chart of the effects of applying pulverized straw and carbonized straw on the height of moss crust plants in Example 1 of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 5 This is a comparison chart of the effects of applying pulverized straw and carbonized straw on the density of moss crust in Example 1 of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 6 This is a comparison chart of the effects of applying pulverized straw and carbonized straw on the dry weight of the moss crust layer in Example 1 of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] The present invention will be more fully understood through the following detailed description, which should be read in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Detailed embodiments of the present invention are disclosed herein; however, it should be understood that the disclosed embodiments are only exemplary of the present invention, which can be embodied in various forms. Therefore, the specific functional details disclosed herein should not be interpreted as limiting, but only as the basis of the claims and as a representative basis for teaching those skilled in the art to adopt the present invention in different ways in virtually any appropriate detailed embodiment.

[0036] Example 1

[0037] This example uses an intelligent greenhouse to conduct indoor potted plant experiments. By controlling the application of different levels of crushed and carbonized straw, the effects of the application form and level of straw on the growth characteristics of moss crusts are comprehensively analyzed to explore the optimal straw application pattern.

[0038] 1. Overview of the trial site

[0039] The test site is located in the smart greenhouse of Naiman Desertification Research Station in Naiman Banner, Tongliao City, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region (120°41′E, 42°55′N; 358m above sea level). The indoor air temperature of the smart greenhouse is between 23 and 36°C, the air humidity is between 27 and 83RH, the soil temperature is between 10 and 32°C, the soil humidity is between 7.5 and 11RH, the light intensity is between 0 and 28532Lux, the CO2 concentration is between 390 and 563PPM, and the average wind speed is about 0.7m / s. The crusted seed soil was collected in the closed area near the Naiman Desertification Research Station. The closed area is located in the temperate semi-arid continental monsoon climate zone, with an average annual temperature of 3-7℃, an average annual rainfall of about 349-501mm, of which 80% of the precipitation is concentrated in summer, an annual evaporation of 1540.6-2540.4mm, an annual sunshine time of about 2830-3121h, and 20-60 days of strong winds. The landform characteristics of the closed area are mainly uneven sand dunes and relatively gentle meadows. The soil nutrient content is low, and the soil types are mostly sandy soil, meadow soil, sandy chestnut soil, etc.; the natural plant community is dominated by mesophilic plants, and the main distributed plant species are white grass (Pennisetumcentrasiaticum), foxtail grass (Setaria viridis), three-ear grass (Aristida adscensionis), etc. Artificial vegetation mainly includes Caragana icrophylla, Populus simonii carr, Pinus sylvestris, etc.

[0040] 2. Collecting moss crusts

[0041] Well-developed moss crust samples were collected from the vicinity of the closed breeding area. The dominant species of mosses were Bryumargenteum and Bryum kunzei of the Bryaceae family, and Didymodon vinealis and Crossidium crassinerviume were associated species. When collected, the average coverage of the moss crust was ~80%, and the average thickness was 8.32±0.38 mm (n=16).

[0042] Before collecting the crust, use a soft fine-bristle brush to gently sweep away the floating sand and other impurities visible to the naked eye attached to the surface of the crust. After the collected crust soil is naturally air-dried in the shade, it is passed through a plant crusher to become fine soil. After passing through a 30-mesh sieve, it is fully stirred and evenly prepared into crust seed soil.

[0043] 3. Collect sandy loam

[0044] Sandy loam was collected from farmland in Naiman Banner. The soil layer 50 cm below the surface was selected for shade drying and filtered through a soil sieve with an 80-mesh aperture before addition.

[0045] 4. Prepare corn stalks

[0046] a. Crushing straw

[0047] The corn stalks from the farmland were crushed through a 30-mesh sieve to obtain a particle size of 0.6 mm. In this embodiment, the corn stalks were taken from the farmland near the forest farm of Daqintala Town, Naiman Town.

[0048] b. Carbonized straw

[0049] The corn straw is anaerobic pyrolyzed at 450°C to obtain carbonized straw, or the carbonized straw is directly purchased. In this embodiment, the carbonized straw is purchased from Henan Xingnuo Environmental Protection Materials Co., Ltd.

[0050] 5. Use corn straw to cultivate moss crust

[0051] Indoor potted plants were used, with crushed straw and carbonized straw applied respectively. Separate seedling trays were used for cultivation, which consisted of an upper cultivation tray and a lower water storage tray (32.5 cm long, 24.5 cm wide, 4.5 cm high tray, and 2 cm high tray).

[0052] According to the application amount of crushed straw, five levels of 5g, 10g, 15g, 20g and 30g are set, namely level 1 to level 5;

[0053] According to the application amount of carbonized straw, five levels of 1g, 3g, 5g, 7g and 10g are set respectively, namely level 1' to level 5'.

[0054] The experiment was repeated 10 times at each level, with a total of 100 seedling pots for testing, which were placed in random blocks. The cultivation lasted for 115 days from June 1, 2022. The changes in moss crust cover were measured regularly at intervals of 15 days, and other growth characteristics were measured at the end of the experiment. Bare sand and original crusts were used as controls.

[0055] 6. Data determination

[0056] Moss crust coverage: Moss crust coverage was measured using the pixel ratio method (the percentage of plant body pixels to total pixels represents crust coverage), and moss crusts in a 31.5×23.5cm sample area were photographed (to reduce the influence of edge effects, the length and width of the sample were both less than 1cm from the seedling pot), and the resolution of each photo was 2048×1536 pixels. Before taking photos, the crust surface was moistened with water mist (to increase the depth of moss green), and other trace green plants on the surface of the moss crust were cut off. At the same time, an umbrella was used to block the camera to prevent local shadows caused by sunlight, and the resulting pictures were analyzed using Adobe Photoshop 7.0.

[0057] At the end of the experiment, a circular knife (inner diameter 5 cm) was used to take 5 fresh crust layer blocks from the seedling tray using the five-point sampling method. The inner wall of the circular knife was slightly moistened with water mist before each sampling to facilitate the removal of complete blocks. The thickness of each block was measured using an electronic vernier caliper; 5 points were evenly selected on the edge of the block, and the height of the moss was measured using an electronic vernier caliper (resolution 0.1 mm); a small sample box (2 cm × 2 cm) was selected at the center of the block, and the number of mosses in the box was counted to convert the moss density; after the block was fully dried, the dry weight of the block was weighed using an electronic balance (accuracy 0.01 g). The average value represents the size of each pot index, and each group was repeated 5 times.

[0058] 7. Data analysis and processing

[0059] The data were organized using Microsoft Office Excel 2013, and Origin 2018 was used for data plotting. The statistical analysis software SPSS 26.0 was used to perform one-way ANOVA on the various indicators of different treatments. The LSD method (α=0.05) was used to analyze the significant differences. The effects of straw application form and level on the growth characteristics of moss crusts were compared using intuitive analysis methods.

[0060] See also Figure 1 , is a comparison chart of the effect of applying pulverized straw on the crust coverage in this example. During the cultivation period, the moss crust coverage under the five addition levels of pulverized straw showed an upward trend, but the rate of increase in coverage during the cultivation period was significantly different (P < 0.05). Comparison of moss crust coverage at the end of cultivation: Level 2 > Level 1 > Level 3 > Level 4 > Level 5.

[0061] See also Figure 2 , is a comparison chart of the effect of applying carbonized straw on the moss crust coverage in this example. During the cultivation period, the moss crust coverage under the five addition levels of carbonized straw showed an upward trend, but the rate of increase in coverage during the cultivation period was significantly different (P < 0.05). Comparison of moss crust coverage at the end of cultivation: Level 5' > Level 4' > Level 3' > Level 2' > Level 1'.

[0062] See also Figure 3-6 , is a comparison chart of the effects of pulverized straw and carbonized straw on the growth characteristics of moss crust (thickness, plant height, density, and dry weight of crust layer) in this example. The thickness, plant height, density, and dry weight of the moss crust layer under the five addition levels of pulverized straw increased with the application level, showing a "low-high-low" trend. The highest values ​​of the growth characteristics of each moss crust were all at application level 2 (crust thickness 5.54 mm, plant height 2.36 mm, density 78 plants / cm 2 , dry weight of crust layer 0.25g / cm2 ); application level 3 (crust thickness 5.02mm, plant height 1.95mm, density 54 plants / cm 2 , dry weight of crust layer 0.21g / cm 2 ); Application level 5 was the lowest (crust thickness 3.53 mm, plant height 1.89 mm, density 42 plants / cm 2 , dry weight of crust layer 0.15g / cm 2 ).

[0063] The thickness, plant height, density, and dry weight of the moss crust layer under the five application levels of carbonized straw all showed an increasing trend with the increase of the application level. The maximum values ​​were all the moss crust growth characteristics corresponding to the application level 5' (crust thickness 4.51mm, plant height 2.13mm, density 74 plants / cm 2 , dry weight of crust layer 0.24g / cm 2 ); application level 4' was second (crust thickness 3.74mm, plant height 1.90mm, density 65 plants / cm 2 , dry weight of crust layer 0.21g / cm 2 ); application level 1' was the lowest (crust thickness 3.32 mm, plant height 1.59 mm, density 41 plants / cm 2 , dry weight of crust layer 0.14g / cm 2 ).

[0064] The application of crushed straw has a significant effect on improving the physical and chemical properties of the soil. In the present invention, the growth characteristics of the moss crust under the application level 2 are better than those of the other 4 levels. The analysis may be that the moss crust lacks morphological characteristics such as vascular tissue and no real root system, resulting in poor gas regulation ability of the crust; and in the water storage tray at the bottom of the seedling tray, the upper surface of the water body is in contact with the bottom of the dense tray for a long time, which reduces the permeability of the matrix and affects the aerobic respiration of the crust to the transformation and utilization of substances. The application of crushed straw will increase the porosity of the soil, enhance the gas exchange capacity of the crust with the outside world, and then provide more sufficient oxygen for the crust, promoting the aerobic respiration of the crust. On the other hand, crushed straw will increase the water content of the crust layer due to its strong water holding capacity. Water is an important environmental factor for the growth and development of crusts in arid areas. Since the propagation of mosses mainly relies on plant fragments to produce protonema, the protonema branches and then develops into a plant body, and the protonema in the development stage has very poor drought resistance, so the crust is very sensitive to changes in environmental moisture. When the substrate is short of water for a short period of time, the moss crust will turn into a dormant state due to the self-protection mechanism. Under better water conditions, it is beneficial to increase the nutrient content in the soil, which is beneficial to the breeding of moss crust to a certain extent. In addition, the application of crushed straw can significantly increase the content of microorganisms and enzyme activity in the crust layer, thereby promoting its rapid growth and development. When the application level is greater than level 2, the growth characteristics of moss crusts show a downward trend. The growth and development of biological crusts generally requires 4% to 5% of powder and particle materials; and in the process of moss crust formation and development, powder and particles are the material basis and prerequisite for the formation of biological crusts. Therefore, the higher the soil powder content on the substrate surface, the easier it is to form a crust, which also indirectly supports the results of this embodiment. Therefore, as the application of crushed straw is greater than level 2, the soil porosity increases, and the mass of soil powder and particles per unit volume is also significantly reduced, thereby affecting the normal breeding of the crust.

[0065] The development of crust is related to the content of trace mineral elements in the matrix. The results of the present invention show that, on the one hand, the growth and development of moss crust is positively correlated with the level of carbonized straw application. The application of carbonized straw will increase soil conductivity, which will not only increase the crust's ability to absorb nutrients, but also promote the crust's ability to fix carbon and nitrogen. At the end of the cultivation period, the C and N contents of the soil under the crust layer were measured for the application of carbonized straw; further, as the application of carbonized straw increased, the thickness of the crust layer increased, but the C and N contents of the soil under the crust layer decreased, which shows that the application of carbonized straw will promote the conversion of nutrients in the crust and soil, thereby enhancing the utilization of soil nutrients by the crust. On the other hand, in the present invention, the added soil type is sandy soil with a low content of available nutrients. The application of carbonized straw in sandy soil will significantly increase the content of effective P and effective K in the sandy soil, so that the sandy soil has a higher fertilizer utilization rate. Third, moisture is a necessary condition for the growth and development of crusts in arid areas. The soil moisture content was measured during the cultivation period. Using the technical solution of the present invention, as the application level of carbonized straw increased, the soil moisture content showed an increasing trend. The reason is that the application of carbonized straw can promote the growth of crusts, and the crust will form a layer of water film on its surface in an environment with sufficient moisture. Under the climatic conditions in July and August in the experimental area, the water film plays a certain protective role on the crust, which can reduce the heat damage caused by the accumulated temperature in the greenhouse. Therefore, after the application of carbonized straw, the soil moisture content and the growth of the crust have a mutually promoting effect.

[0066] Obviously, whether using corn straw or carbonized straw, it can promote the water content of the moss crust layer, and increasing the water content can further promote the growth of moss crust and form a virtuous circle.

[0067] A comparative analysis of pulverized straw and carbonized straw showed that the crust growth characteristics showed a "low-high-low" trend with the increase of pulverized straw application level; and the crust growth characteristics showed an increasing trend with the increase of carbonized straw application level. Comparison of crust growth characteristics under the optimal levels of pulverized and carbonized straw showed that pulverized straw application level 2 was better than carbonized straw application level 5'. There may be three reasons for this result: (1) Since the volume of pulverized straw debris is much larger than that of carbonized straw particles, for moss crusts without morphological characteristics such as vascular tissue, the application of pulverized straw is more conducive to improving the permeability of the substrate and enhancing the aerobic respiration capacity of the crust. (2) The test showed that the organic matter content in carbonized straw was greater than that in pulverized straw, but the crust seed soil contained a part of nutrient-rich soil and plant fragments such as mosses, which could just meet the minimum nutrient requirements for crust growth and development. Therefore, carbonized straw has an advantage in improving soil nutrient levels, but its effect on crust growth characteristics is not significant. (3) At the end of the cultivation period, the compressive strength of the crust under different treatments was compared. The compressive strength of the treatment with crushed straw was significantly greater than that with carbonized straw. The water erosion resistance of the crust under different treatments was compared. The surface runoff of the crust with crushed straw was less than that with carbonized straw. This shows that the application of crushed straw can improve the stress resistance of the crust layer, stabilize the structure of the crust layer, and reduce the mechanical damage of the crust caused by frequent watering.

[0068] In summary, under suitable other environmental conditions, applying pulverized straw and / or carbonized straw to the soil in arid areas can increase the moisture content of the crust layer, which is feasible for promoting the growth and development of moss crusts. The application of corn straw has a significant promoting effect on the growth characteristics of moss crusts. Furthermore, the application process of pulverized straw is simpler and easier to produce than that of carbonized straw, which meets the needs of large-scale ecological restoration in my country's arid areas and can be widely used in arid areas.

Claims

1. A method for promoting the growth of moss crusts by applying corn stalks, characterized in that: It involves applying a layer of corn stover to the surface of soil inoculated with crust seed soil to foster the growth of moss crusts; Wherein, the corn straw includes any one of crushed straw and / or carbonized straw.

2. The method for promoting the growth of moss crust by applying corn stalks according to claim 1, characterized in that: The carbonized straw can improve the soil conductivity, promote the conversion of nutrients between the moss crust and the soil, and improve the nutrient absorption capacity of the crust and the carbon and nitrogen fixation capacity of the moss crust; The crushed straw can increase the porosity of the soil, provide more sufficient oxygen for the moss crust, promote the exchange of gas between the moss crust and the outside world, and provide conditions for the aerobic respiration of the moss crust; The use of the corn stalks can increase the water content of the crust layer where the moss crust grows, further promote the growth of the moss crust, and form a virtuous cycle.

3. The method for promoting the growth of moss crust by applying corn stalks according to claim 1, characterized in that: The amount of the crushed straw applied is 6 g / m 2 ~400g / m 2 ; And / or, the application amount of the carbonized straw is 10g / m 2 -150g / m 2 .

4. The method for promoting the growth of moss crust by applying corn stalks according to claim 1, characterized in that: The crushed straw comprises crushing corn straw and then passing it through a 10-mesh to 35-mesh sieve to obtain straw powder with a particle size of 0.6 mm to 2 mm, and preparing the crushed straw, wherein part of the straw powder is in the form of filaments.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The carbonized straw comprises corn straw subjected to anaerobic pyrolysis at 400° C. to 500° C. to obtain the carbonized straw.

6. The method for promoting the growth of moss crust by applying corn stalks according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The specific steps include: S1. Collect moss crusts, shade them and air-dry them naturally, then crush them to make the crust seed soil; S2. inoculating the crusted seed soil on the soil; S3. Prepare corn stalks; S4. Apply straw and cultivate moss crust.

7. The method for promoting the growth of moss crust by applying corn stalks according to claim 6, characterized in that: In S1, the criteria for collecting the moss crust include: in the moss crust, the moss types are Bryumargenteum and Bryum kunzei of the Bryaceae family as dominant species, and Didymodon vinealis and Crossidium crassinerviume as associated species; The average coverage of the moss crusts at the time of collection was ∼80%, and the average thickness was 8.32 ± 0.38 mm (n = 16); And / or, the crushed moss crust is passed through a 10-35 mesh sieve to obtain the crust seed soil.

8. The method for promoting the growth of moss crust by applying corn stalks according to claim 6, characterized in that: In S2, the soil is sandy loam, which is collected from 50 cm above the farmland surface, dried, and then sieved with an 80-mesh pore size.

9. The method for promoting the growth of moss crust by applying corn stalks according to claim 3, characterized in that: In S2, the soil is sandy loam, which is collected from 50 cm above the farmland surface, dried, and then sieved with an 80-mesh pore size.

10. Use of the method for promoting the growth of moss crust by applying corn stalks as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9 in ecological environment management in arid or semi-arid areas.

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