Immersed cooling device and method for energy storage battery

Abstract

The invention relates to an energy storage battery immersed cooling device and method, the energy storage battery immersed cooling device comprises a battery module, a box body and a division bar, the battery module is arranged in a cavity in the box body, and two sides of the box body are respectively provided with a liquid inlet and a liquid outlet which are communicated with the cavity; the battery module is formed by arranging batteries, the parting strips comprise large-surface parting strips and side parting strips, and the large-surface parting strips are arranged between the large surfaces of the adjacent batteries to form large-surface runners; the side division bars are arranged on the sides of the batteries to form side runners; the box body is provided with a box cover, and a top runner is formed between the box cover and the battery module; a pressure stabilizing block is mounted at one end, close to the liquid inlet, of the battery module so as to balance the flow of a runner; flow guide strips are arranged at the bottoms of the voltage stabilizing block and the battery module to form a bottom flow channel; according to the invention, through the large surface flow channel, the side surface flow channel, the top flow channel and the bottom flow channel, the flowing mode of'bottom-in and top-out 'is realized, the flowing heat exchange between the battery and the cooling liquid is enhanced, and a more uniform and efficient heat transfer path is provided for the battery.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of thermal management of energy storage batteries, and in particular to an immersion cooling device and method for energy storage batteries. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, the global energy model is accelerating its transformation, and energy security may face more complex challenges. The development of the energy storage industry is crucial to "deepen the energy revolution and accelerate the planning and construction of a new energy system." As a key energy storage technology, lithium-ion batteries are widely used in electric vehicles, solar energy, and wind energy due to their significant advantages such as large capacity, high energy density, and long cycle life. However, lithium-ion batteries are sensitive to temperature. Excessive temperature will have a negative impact on their working performance and cycle life, and even cause thermal runaway in severe cases. Therefore, how to effectively regulate the thermal performance of lithium-ion batteries is a key issue that needs to be solved urgently.

[0003] Common battery thermal management technologies in the energy storage field include air cooling and liquid cooling. Air cooling has the advantages of simple structure and easy maintenance, but its heat dissipation capacity is limited under high load conditions and has gradually been replaced by liquid cooling. Relatively speaking, liquid cooling has a higher and more stable heat exchange efficiency, which includes indirect liquid cooling and immersion cooling. Indirect liquid cooling usually removes the heat of the battery by flowing coolant through different types of cold plates. As a traditional liquid cooling method, it has good thermal conductivity and precise temperature control capabilities. Immersion cooling was commonly used for heat dissipation in data centers and electronic equipment in the past, and is still in its infancy in the new energy industry.

[0004] At present, the structural design of the immersed battery pack is still insufficient, and the cooling capacity of the immersed type needs further analysis and verification. For example, the three immersed cooling structures disclosed in the Chinese patent publication numbers CN 117996273 A, CN 117855680 A, and CN 117393912B respectively install "+", "+" and "U" shaped separators between the large surfaces of the battery. On the one hand, the transverse separator blocks the path of the coolant flowing up and down on the large surface, reducing the heat exchange opportunities of the large surface of the battery. On the other hand, the inlet and outlet of the coolant of the three are all distributed up and down, and the transverse separator is bound to increase the resistance of the vertical flow of the coolant, further increasing the energy consumption of the system. Summary of the invention

[0005] The object of the present invention is to provide a battery cooling device and method with strong heat exchange capacity, high temperature field uniformity and low pump power consumption.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention proposes an immersion cooling device for an energy storage battery, comprising a battery module, a box and a spacer: a cavity is provided inside the box, and the battery module is arranged in the cavity; a liquid inlet and a liquid outlet are respectively provided on both sides of the box and are connected to the cavity;

[0007] The battery module is composed of arranged batteries, and the spacers include large-surface spacers and side spacers. The large-surface spacers are arranged between the large surfaces of adjacent batteries to form large-surface flow channels; the side spacers are arranged on the sides of the batteries to form side flow channels;

[0008] The box body is equipped with a box cover, and a top flow channel is formed between the box cover and the battery module; a voltage stabilizing block is installed at one end of the battery module close to the liquid inlet, and guide strips are provided at the bottom of the voltage stabilizing block and the battery module to form a bottom flow channel.

[0009] The battery module, voltage stabilizing block, guide bar and spacer are all installed in the box cavity, and the guide bar is connected to the battery module, voltage stabilizing block and box cavity by adhesive.

[0010] Furthermore, the spacer is a rectangular parallelepiped, the thickness of the spacer is the same as the gap between adjacent batteries; the height of the spacer is the same as the height of the battery, and the width of a single spacer accounts for 5% to 10% of the width of the large surface of the battery.

[0011] Furthermore, the function of the spacer is not only to construct a flow channel for upward and downward flow on the large surface and side of the battery, but also to effectively suppress the bulging of the battery and reduce the safety risk of the energy storage device.

[0012] Furthermore, the side partition bar is vertically and centrally attached to the side surface of each battery and is attached to the inner wall of the box cavity; a side partition bar is provided on the side surface of each battery to form two side flow channels for upward and downward flow.

[0013] Furthermore, at least four large surface spacers are provided on the large surface of the battery; the large surface spacers are evenly attached to the large surface of the battery, so that at least five large surface flow channels for vertical flow are formed on each large surface of the battery. Two adjacent large surfaces of the battery share the same large surface spacer.

[0014] Furthermore, the number of the large surface spacers is not less than 4 and not more than 8, that is, the coverage area of ​​the large surface spacers on each large surface of the battery does not exceed 40% of the area of ​​the large surface of the battery, so as to ensure that there is sufficient heat exchange area between the large surface of the battery and the coolant.

[0015] Furthermore, one side of the voltage stabilizing block is in contact with the inner wall of the box cavity, and the other side is in contact with one end of the battery module facing the liquid inlet (i.e., the first large surface of the first battery of the battery module); the bottom of the voltage stabilizing block is flush with the bottom of the battery module; the top of the voltage stabilizing block is flush with the top of the box, and the width of the voltage stabilizing block is consistent with the width of the box cavity. The voltage stabilizing block makes the flow distribution of multiple channels in the flow channel at the bottom of the battery more uniform during current collection, and also prevents a large amount of coolant from escaping upward due to the large gap at the front end of the battery module.

[0016] Furthermore, a collecting groove is provided at the bottom of the voltage stabilizing block along the X direction, so that the liquid inlet is aligned with the rapid flow groove, for collecting the coolant flowing in from the liquid inlet. The thickness h6 of the collecting groove accounts for 50% to 80% of the total thickness h5 of the voltage stabilizing block, so as to ensure sufficient volume to collect the coolant.

[0017] Furthermore, at least two guide bars are provided at the bottom of the battery module to form at least three bottom flow channels; the guide bars are evenly distributed at the bottom of the battery module, starting from the collecting groove and extending along the Y direction to the partition bar on the last large surface of the battery module.

[0018] Furthermore, the guide strip is attached to the bottom of the battery module. When the shear strength of the guide strip bonding position meets the condition of 50 times the gravity pressure of the battery module and the voltage stabilizer block, the number of the guide strips should be as small as possible to ensure that there is enough heat exchange area between the bottom surface of the battery and the coolant. The functions of the guide strip are mainly as follows: 1) construct multiple front-to-back flow channels at the bottom of the battery module to form a bottom flow channel; 2) guide the coolant to flow from the bottom of the first battery to the last battery, so that the batteries at the back of the battery module can also enjoy sufficient flow.

[0019] Furthermore, the box cover and the box body are sealed by welding, so that a top flow channel is formed between the box cover and the battery module; an explosion-proof valve is installed at the center of the box cover through a threaded through hole, and the selection of the explosion-proof valve must meet the pressure requirement of the immersion cooling device during normal operation. When a battery in the battery module has thermal runaway, the thermal runaway battery will discharge a large amount of gas, and then the immersion cooling device can release pressure in time through the explosion-proof valve to reduce the risk of explosion; at least two sealing plugs are also installed on the box cover through the connecting through holes, and the sealing plugs can be connected to wires, sensors, etc., for realizing electrical connection from the inside of the box to the outside of the box.

[0020] Furthermore, the liquid inlet and the liquid outlet are welded and fixed on the box body, and the corresponding inner diameter is d; the liquid inlet is arranged at the head end of the box body and is centered near the bottom end. When the bottom of the inner cavity of the box body is taken as a reference, the height h3 of the liquid inlet needs to satisfy h3<h4-d / 2 (where h4 is the distance between the top surface of the collecting tank and the bottom of the inner cavity of the box body); the liquid outlet is arranged at the end of the box body and is centered near the top end, and is higher than the battery module. When the bottom of the inner cavity of the box body is taken as a reference, the height h2 of the liquid outlet needs to satisfy h2>h1+d / 2 (where h1 is the height of the battery) to ensure that the coolant flows out from the top of the battery module.

[0021] Furthermore, the amount of immersion liquid in the immersion cooling device can be adjusted by changing the thickness of the spacer bars and the height of the guide bars.

[0022] Furthermore, the materials used for the spacer include but are not limited to microporous foamed polypropylene and polyurethane; the materials used for the voltage stabilizing block include but are not limited to stainless steel 304, 6061Al and high temperature resistant rubber, etc.; the materials used for the guide strip include but are not limited to polyurethane.

[0023] The present invention also proposes an immersion cooling method for an energy storage battery. Based on the above-mentioned immersion cooling device for an energy storage battery, the method adopts a "bottom-in and top-out" flow mode, namely, "liquid inlet → battery bottom flow channel → battery large surface and side flow channels → battery top flow channel → liquid outlet". Specifically, the coolant flows from the liquid inlet into the bottom flow channel, flows from the bottom flow channel into the large surface flow channel and the side flow channel respectively, then flows into the top flow channel, and finally flows out from the liquid outlet, thereby realizing immersion cooling of the energy storage battery.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are:

[0025] 1. Compared with the traditional cold plate indirect liquid cooling, the present invention directly immerses the battery module in the coolant by setting the top flow channel, the bottom flow channel, the large surface flow channel and the side flow channel, thereby enhancing the flow heat exchange between the battery and the coolant and providing a more uniform and efficient heat transfer path for the battery.

[0026] 2. The present invention can effectively suppress the spread of thermal runaway in battery modules. In the early stage of heat accumulation, the coolant absorbs heat, delaying or preventing the battery from reaching the thermal runaway trigger temperature. Once thermal runaway occurs, the explosion-proof valve opens, and the immersion liquid quickly submerges the battery cell, suppressing internal short circuits and preventing oxygen from contacting combustible gases, reducing the risk of combustion accidents and the spread of thermal runaway.

[0027] 3. Compared with the existing immersion cooling structure, the present invention realizes a "bottom-in and top-out" flow mode according to the positions of the inlet and outlet, that is, liquid inlet → battery bottom → battery large surface and side → battery top → liquid outlet. Through this flow method, the flow direction is clarified, the flow channel design is simplified, the flow resistance is reduced, and the parasitic energy consumption is further reduced. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of an immersion cooling device for an energy storage battery according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the disassembled structure of the energy storage battery immersion cooling device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 3 This is a top view of the energy storage battery immersion cooling device after the box cover is removed according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a battery module in an immersion cooling device for an energy storage battery according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 5 for Figure 3 A cross-sectional view at AA in the middle;

[0033] Figure 6 for Figure 3 A cross-sectional view at the middle BB of FIG.

[0034] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a voltage stabilizing block in an immersion cooling device for an energy storage battery according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 8 This is a bottom view of the energy storage battery immersion cooling device after the box body is removed according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Fig. 9 This is a schematic diagram of a conventional cold plate type indirect liquid cooling structure of a comparative example of the present invention;

[0037] Fig.10 It is a comparison chart of simulation results of the performance of the embodiment of the present invention and the comparative example;

[0038] Fig.11 A temperature distribution cloud diagram of a battery module in a simulation experiment according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] In the figure: 100-box cover, 101-through hole, 102 threaded through hole, 200-box, 210-box cavity, 211-liquid inlet, 212-liquid outlet, 300-battery module, 310-battery, 320-connecting plate, 330-spacer, 331-large surface flow channel, 332-side flow channel, 333-bottom flow channel, 334-top flow channel, 400-voltage stabilizing block, 410-collecting trough, 411-top surface of collecting trough, 412-side of collecting trough, 500-guide strip, 600-explosion-proof valve, 700-sealing plug, 810-liquid cooling box cover, 820-liquid cooling battery module, 821-thermal insulation pad, 830-thermal conductive pad, 840-liquid cooling plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solution of the present invention will be further described below.

[0041] This embodiment provides an immersion cooling device for energy storage batteries, such as Figure 1 As shown, the device includes a row of battery modules 300, a box body 200 and a spacer 330. The amount of immersion liquid in the immersion cooling device can be adjusted by changing the thickness of the spacer 330 and the height of the guide bar 500. Figure 2 As shown, a rectangular cavity 210 is provided inside the box 200, and a liquid inlet 211 and a liquid outlet 212 are provided on the left and right sides of the box 200 respectively, which are connected to the box cavity 210; the battery module 300 is arranged in the box cavity 210, as shown in FIG. Figure 4 As shown, in this embodiment, the battery module 300 is composed of five batteries 310 welded and arranged in series through the connecting piece 320; the spacer 330 is divided into a large surface spacer and a side spacer, and is vertically attached to the large surface and the side of the battery 310 respectively, as shown in FIG. Figure 3-5 As shown, the large surface spacers are arranged between the large surfaces of adjacent batteries 310 to form large surface flow channels 331, wherein the large surface spacers are shared by the large surfaces of adjacent batteries; the side spacers are arranged on the side surfaces of the batteries 310 to form side flow channels 332. Figure 2 As shown, a box cover 100 is installed at the open portion of the box body 200, and a top flow channel 334 is formed between the box cover 100 and the battery module 300; in addition, a voltage stabilizing block 400 is installed at one end of the battery module 300 close to the liquid inlet 211, and a collecting groove 410 is opened at the bottom of the voltage stabilizing block 400 along the X direction, and the liquid inlet 211 is aligned with the rapid flow groove 410, so as to collect the coolant flowing in from the liquid inlet 211.

[0042] like Figure 2As shown, the shape and size of the voltage stabilizing block 400 are designed based on the size of the box cavity 210. One side is attached to the inner wall of the box cavity 210, and the other side is attached to the end of the battery module 300 facing the liquid inlet 211 (i.e., the first large surface of the first battery 310 of the battery module 300); the bottom of the voltage stabilizing block 400 is flush with the bottom of the battery module 300; its top is flush with the top of the box 200, and its width is consistent with the width of the box cavity 210. Figure 8 As shown, the bottom of the voltage stabilizing block 400 and the battery module 300 is further provided with a guide bar 500 to form a bottom flow channel 333 .

[0043] The battery module 300 , the voltage stabilizing block 400 , the guide bar 500 and the spacer bar 330 are all installed in the cavity 210 of the box body 200 .

[0044] In this embodiment, the spacer 330 is a rectangular parallelepiped, and its thickness is the same as the gap between adjacent batteries 310; its height is the same as the height of the battery 310, and the width of a single spacer 330 accounts for 5% to 10% of the width of the large surface of the battery 310; the functions of the spacer 330 are: 1) to construct a flow channel for upward and downward circulation on the large surface and side of the battery 310; 2) to effectively suppress the bulging of the battery 310 and reduce the safety risk of the energy storage device.

[0045] like Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the side partition bar is vertically centered on the side of each battery 310 and fits with the inner wall of the box cavity 210; each battery 310 is provided with a side partition bar on the side, thereby forming two side flow channels 332 flowing up and down.

[0046] At the same time, four large-surface spacers are evenly attached to the large surface of the battery 310 , thereby forming five large-surface flow channels 331 flowing up and down on each large surface of the battery 310 .

[0047] In this embodiment, the thickness h6 of the collecting groove 410 accounts for 50% to 80% of the total thickness h5 of the voltage stabilizing block 400 to ensure that there is enough volume to collect the coolant. Its specific functions are: on the one hand, the flow collection makes the flow distribution of the multiple flow channels 333 of the flow channel at the bottom of the battery more uniform, and on the other hand, it prevents the front end of the battery module 300 from causing a large amount of coolant to escape upward due to the large gap.

[0048] In this embodiment, two guide bars 500 are provided at the bottom of the battery module 300 to form three bottom flow channels 333; the three guide bars 500 are evenly distributed at the bottom of the battery module 300, starting from the side surface 412 of the collecting groove, and extending along the Y direction to the partition bar on the last large surface of the battery module 300.

[0049] like Figure 8 As shown, two guide bars 500 are evenly adhered to the bottom of the battery module 300 and the voltage stabilizing block 400 and above the bottom surface of the cavity 210 by adhesive to form three bottom flow channels 333, wherein the width of a single guide bar accounts for 5% to 10% of the width of the battery's large surface.

[0050] When the shear strength of the bonding position of the guide bar 500 meets the condition of 50 times the gravity pressure of the battery module and the voltage stabilizer block, the number of the guide bars 500 should be as small as possible to ensure that there is enough heat exchange area between the bottom surface of the battery and the coolant. When 50 times the gravity pressure is applied, the pressure on the guide bar 500 is calculated as follows:

[0051] p=50×(m b ×n b +m w )×g / S

[0052] Among them, m represents mass, n represents quantity, g represents gravitational acceleration, S represents the force-bearing area of ​​the guide bar 500, and subscripts b and w represent the battery 310 and the voltage stabilizing block 400, respectively.

[0053] In this embodiment, the material that can be used for the guide strip 500 includes but is not limited to polyurethane. Its main functions are: on the one hand, it constructs multiple front-to-back flow channels 333 at the bottom of the battery module 300; on the other hand, it guides the coolant from the bottom of the first battery to the last battery, so that the batteries at the back of the battery module can also enjoy sufficient flow.

[0054] In this embodiment, the shape and size of the box cover 100 are designed based on the size of the box body 200, and the shape and size of the box body 200 are designed based on the size of the battery module 300. Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the box cover 100 and the box body 200 are sealed by welding, so that a top flow channel 334 is formed between the box cover 100 and the battery module 300;

[0055] In addition, a threaded through hole 102 is opened at the center position of the box cover 100, and an explosion-proof valve 600 is installed through the threaded through hole 102; when a battery 310 in the battery module 300 experiences thermal runaway, the thermal runaway battery will discharge a large amount of gas, and then the pressure will be released in time through the explosion-proof valve 600, thereby reducing the risk of explosion.

[0056] Two connecting through holes 101 are also provided at other positions on the box cover 100. Two sealing plugs 700 are installed through the connecting through holes 101, and wires, sensors, etc. can be connected to realize the electrical connection between the battery module 300 in the box and external equipment, and the monitoring of key parameters such as temperature and voltage of the battery module 300 by external detection instruments.

[0057] In this embodiment, Figure 6 As shown, the liquid inlet 211 and the liquid outlet 212 are welded and fixed to the box body 200, with corresponding inner diameters of d. Among them, the liquid inlet 211 is arranged at the head end of the box body 200 and is centered and close to the bottom end. When taking the bottom of the inner cavity 210 of the box body as the reference, the height h3 of the liquid inlet 211 needs to satisfy h3 < h4 - d / 2, where h4 is the distance from the top surface 411 of the flow collector groove to the bottom of the inner cavity 210 of the box body, so as to ensure that the liquid inlet 211 can be aligned with the flow collector groove 410 of the voltage stabilizing block 400. In addition, the liquid outlet 212 is arranged at the end of the box body 200 and is centered and close to the top end, and its position is higher than the battery module 300. When taking the bottom of the inner cavity 210 of the box body as the reference, the height h2 of the liquid outlet 212 needs to satisfy: h2 > h1 + d / 2, where h1 is the height of the battery 310, so as to ensure that the coolant flows out from the top of the battery module 300.

[0058] In this embodiment, the materials that the voltage stabilizing block 400 can adopt include but are not limited to stainless steel 304, 6061Al, and high-temperature resistant rubber, etc.; the materials that the spacer 330 can adopt include but are not limited to microcellular foamed polypropylene and polyurethane.

[0059] Through the energy storage battery immersion cooling device proposed in this embodiment, an energy storage battery immersion cooling method is realized. This method mainly adopts the "bottom-in and top-out" flow mode, as Figure 6 shown. Specifically, the coolant flows into the bottom flow channel 333 from the liquid inlet 211, then flows into the large surface flow channel 331 and the side surface flow channel 332 respectively from the bottom flow channel 333, then flows into the top flow channel 334, and finally flows out from the liquid outlet 212, which simplifies the flow channel design, reduces the flow resistance, and further reduces the parasitic energy consumption.

[0060] Comparative Example 1

[0061] Comparative Example 1 proposes a traditional parallel liquid cooling plate, as Fig. 9 shown, which mainly includes a liquid cooling box cover 810, a liquid cooling battery module 820, a heat conducting pad 830, and a liquid cooling plate 840. The heat insulation pad 821 is located between the batteries to play a heat insulation role. The heat conducting pad 830 is located between the battery module 820 and the liquid cooling plate 840 to reduce the contact thermal resistance. The liquid cooling plate 840 selects a typical parallel flow channel, and the volume fraction of the fluid domain in the liquid cooling plate 840 is taken as 0.6. The liquid inlet 841 and the liquid outlet 842 are located above the liquid cooling plate 840.

[0062] Comparative Example 2

[0063] Comparative Example 2 proposes a traditional S-shaped liquid cooling plate, as Fig. 9 shown. This traditional S-shaped liquid cooling plate has the same structure as the traditional parallel liquid cooling plate in Comparative Example 1. The difference is that the liquid cooling plate 840 selects a typical S-shaped flow channel.

[0064] Using the embodiment, comparative example 1 and comparative example 2, the thermal performance of the cooling system of the battery module at a 1C discharge rate was simulated, and the following thermal performance simulation experiment was performed:

[0065] In the experiment, the battery used was EVE LF100LA; the coolant used in Comparative Examples 1 and 2 was a 50% ethylene glycol aqueous solution, and the coolant used in the embodiment was a commercial hydrocarbon compound;

[0066] The thermal properties of the materials used are shown in Table 1:

[0067] Table 1

[0068]

[0069]

[0070] The boundary conditions used in the numerical model are as follows: the inlet and outlet are set as velocity inlet and pressure outlet respectively, the relative static pressure of the outlet is zero, and the flow rate of the inlet is 1L / min. The coolant inlet temperature is consistent with the ambient temperature, which is 25℃. The surface of the model is affected by natural convection, and the convection heat transfer coefficient is 5W / (m2·℃). The simulation is carried out in Fluent 23.0 software.

[0071] The simulation results are as follows Fig.10 and Fig.11 As shown, at the end of 1C discharge, compared with the parallel and S-type liquid cold plates, the maximum temperature rise of the battery module controlled by the immersion cooling device of this embodiment decreased by 47.66% and 47.75%, respectively, and the maximum temperature difference of the battery module decreased by 44.96% and 45.6%, respectively. In addition, the pressure difference between the inlet and outlet of the immersion cooling device proposed in this embodiment is reduced by 93.74% compared with the S-type cold plate of comparative example 2. It can also be seen from the temperature cloud map that the uniformity of the temperature difference field of the battery module in the immersion cooling device proposed in this embodiment is significantly better than that of the traditional cold plate indirect cooling.

[0072] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the present invention in any way. Any technician in the relevant technical field, without departing from the scope of the technical solution of the present invention, makes any form of equivalent replacement or modification to the technical solution and technical content disclosed in the present invention, which does not depart from the content of the technical solution of the present invention and still falls within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An immersion cooling device for energy storage batteries, characterized in that: It includes a battery module, a box and a spacer: a cavity is provided inside the box, and the battery module is arranged in the cavity; a liquid inlet and a liquid outlet are respectively provided on both sides of the box, which are connected to the cavity; The battery module is composed of arranged batteries, and the spacers include large-surface spacers and side spacers. The large-surface spacers are arranged between the large surfaces of adjacent batteries to form large-surface flow channels; the side spacers are arranged on the sides of the batteries to form side flow channels; The box body is equipped with a box cover, and a top flow channel is formed between the box cover and the battery module; a voltage stabilizing block is installed at one end of the battery module close to the liquid inlet, and guide strips are provided at the bottom of the voltage stabilizing block and the battery module to form a bottom flow channel.

2. The energy storage battery immersion cooling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spacer is a rectangular parallelepiped, the thickness of the spacer is the same as the gap between adjacent batteries; the height of the spacer is the same as the height of the battery, and the width of a single spacer accounts for 5% to 10% of the width of the large surface of the battery.

3. The energy storage battery immersion cooling device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The side partition bar is vertically and centrally attached to the side of each battery and is attached to the inner wall of the box cavity; a side partition bar is arranged on the side of each battery to form two side flow channels flowing up and down.

4. The energy storage battery immersion cooling device according to claim 2, characterized in that: At least four large surface spacers are arranged on the large surface of the battery; the large surface spacers are evenly attached to the large surface of the battery, so that at least five large surface flow channels for upward and downward flow are formed on each large surface of the battery.

5. The energy storage battery immersion cooling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: One side of the voltage stabilizing block is in contact with the inner wall of the box cavity, and the other side is in contact with one end of the battery module facing the liquid inlet; the bottom of the voltage stabilizing block is flush with the bottom of the battery module; the top of the voltage stabilizing block is flush with the top of the box, and the width of the voltage stabilizing block is consistent with the width of the box cavity.

6. The energy storage battery immersion cooling device according to claim 5, characterized in that: A collecting groove is provided at the bottom of the voltage stabilizing block along the X direction, so that the liquid inlet is aligned with the rapid flow groove.

7. The energy storage battery immersion cooling device according to claim 6, characterized in that: At least two guide bars are provided at the bottom of the battery module to form at least three bottom flow channels; the guide bars are evenly distributed at the bottom of the battery module, starting from the collecting groove and extending along the Y direction to the partition bar on the last large surface of the battery module.

8. The energy storage battery immersion cooling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The box cover and the box body are sealed by welding, so that a top flow channel is formed between the box cover and the battery module; an explosion-proof valve is installed at the center of the box cover through a threaded through hole; and at least two sealing plugs are also installed on the box cover.

9. The energy storage battery immersion cooling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The liquid inlet and the liquid outlet are welded and fixed on the box body, the liquid inlet is arranged at the head end of the box body and centered near the bottom end; the liquid outlet is arranged at the end of the box body and centered near the top end, and is higher than the battery module.

10. An immersion cooling method for an energy storage battery, based on the immersion cooling device for an energy storage battery according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: Through the "bottom-in and top-out" flow mode, immersion cooling of the energy storage battery is achieved, specifically: the coolant flows from the liquid inlet into the bottom flow channel, from the bottom flow channel into the large surface flow channel and the side flow channel respectively, then into the top flow channel, and finally flows out from the liquid outlet.

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