Underground intelligent drainage and gas production system and drainage and gas production method

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of gas field exploitation, and particularly relates to an underground intelligent drainage gas production system and a drainage gas production method. The underground intelligent plunger drainage and gas production system at least comprises a well mouth buffer, a well mouth communication charging controller, a capture locator and an underground buffer locator. The well mouth buffer, the well mouth communication charging controller and the capture positioner are connected to a production shaft arranged outside a well mouth; the underground buffer positioner is arranged at the lowermost part in the production shaft; the device further comprises an intelligent plunger. And the intelligent plunger is arranged in the production shaft above the underground buffer positioner. The liquid level entering depth can be judged by judging pressure, temperature and acceleration changes, so that the purpose of quantitative liquid drainage is achieved, and the problems that a plunger cannot operate when a liquid column is too high and the operation efficiency is poor when the liquid column is too low are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of gas field exploitation, and in particular relates to an underground intelligent drainage and gas production system and a drainage and gas production method. Background Art

[0002] The plunger gas lift process is a drainage and gas production technology method that uses the energy of the gas well itself to discharge the liquid out of the wellbore. This technology uses the plunger as the mechanical interface between gas and liquid, and uses the gas produced by the gas well to push the plunger to move up and down periodically in the oil pipe, thereby periodically lifting the liquid produced by the formation to the ground and producing gas. As the gas-liquid interface, the plunger can effectively prevent the gas from rising and the liquid from falling back, reduce the "slippage" effect of the liquid running from the bottom of the well to the wellhead, and greatly improve the efficiency of gas lifting liquid. This process is mainly suitable for wells with a certain production capacity and a daily water production of less than 20m 3 The operation process of the plunger is one operation cycle from closing the well to opening the well. When closing the well, the plunger falls freely in the oil pipe, passes through the liquid column and falls back to the plunger buffer spring fixed in the well.

[0003] The traditional plunger drainage gas production is composed of a purely mechanical structure, and the well is opened and closed by the wellhead control device to control the up and down operation of the plunger. When the well is opened for production, there is a lot of liquid in the gas well stage, and a lot of liquid enters the wellbore at one time. For example, when a large amount of liquid accumulates in the horizontal section of a horizontal well and enters the wellbore, a high liquid column will be generated in the wellbore. At this time, the well is closed, and the plunger reaches the bottom of the well. When the well is opened again, the upper liquid column is high, which may cause the plunger to be unable to move upward, affecting the implementation effect of the plunger gas lift process. Data investigation shows that there are only a few examples of intelligent plungers. A water drainage and gas production intelligent plunger (CN213953570U) provides a water drainage and gas production intelligent plunger that can move downward with little resistance and is easy to fix and seal as a whole through mechanism design, but it cannot perform intelligent liquid drainage; an intelligent variable diameter plunger for water drainage and gas production (CN113236190B) adjusts the plunger's falling position underground through variable diameter design and unique braking design, avoids the installation of underground locking devices, and performs plunger lifting and drainage, but cannot achieve intelligent liquid lifting; an intelligent water drainage and gas production plunger (CN215927343U) achieves the braking of the plunger through structural design, so that the plunger stops at the specified liquid level depth to achieve the purpose of quantitative drainage, but the degree of intelligence is low and real-time monitoring cannot be performed. In order to avoid the problem that the plunger cannot operate due to excessively high liquid column and the operation efficiency is poor due to excessively low liquid column, it is necessary to carry out research on a new type of underground intelligent plunger water drainage and gas production device and method to achieve quantitative liquid drainage in gas wells. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention provides an underground intelligent drainage and gas production system and drainage and gas production method. One purpose is to provide a device that can control the operation state of the entire plunger, effectively avoid the problem that the liquid column is too high and the plunger cannot operate, and the liquid column is too low and the operation efficiency is poor, so as to achieve the purpose of intelligent drainage and gas production. The second purpose is to provide a device and method that can directly monitor the underground operation state of the plunger to ensure the effect of the plunger gas lift drainage and gas production process.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0006] A downhole intelligent plunger drainage and gas production system, comprising at least a wellhead buffer, a wellhead communication charging controller, a capture locator, a downhole buffer locator and a production wellbore; the wellhead buffer, the wellhead communication charging controller and the capture locator are connected to a production wellbore outside the wellhead; the downhole buffer locator is placed at the bottom of the production wellbore; and also includes an intelligent plunger; when working, the intelligent plunger is placed in the production wellbore above the downhole buffer locator.

[0007] The smart plunger adopts a bypass smart plunger; the bypass smart plunger includes a salvage neck, a plunger body, a bypass sealing seat, a bypass sealing rod, a straight-push screw, a plane bearing and a control module; the lower part of the salvage neck is connected to the inner side wall of the upper part of the plunger body; the bottom end of the salvage neck is connected to the bypass sealing seat; a long strip of plunger bypass hole is opened on the side wall of the plunger body, the axis of the plunger bypass hole is parallel to the axis of the plunger body, and the top end of the plunger bypass hole is placed below the bypass sealing seat; the top end of the bypass sealing rod can be slid up and down and connected in the plunger bypass hole, and the upper part of the straight-push screw can be detachably connected in the bypass sealing rod; the lower periphery of the straight-push screw is connected to a plane bearing, and is sealed and connected to the inner side wall of the plunger body; the control module is connected to the plunger body at the lower end of the straight-push screw.

[0008] The bypass sealing rod is an integrated structure composed of a circular plate and a cylindrical rod, with a central axial section being T-shaped; a connecting column for connecting to the plunger bypass hole is provided on the side wall of the circular plate; an annular groove is provided on the upper surface of the circular plate, and a sealing ring is provided in the groove; the cylindrical rod is a hollow structure, and a thread matching and connecting with the straight push screw is provided on the hollow inner side wall.

[0009] The straight push screw is a cylindrical structure, and a circular annular boss is arranged on the outer wall of the lower part; an annular sealing groove is opened along the circumferential direction on the outer wall of the cylinder above the boss, and a sealing ring is arranged in the sealing groove; a thread for connecting with the hollow inner wall of the bypass sealing rod is arranged on the outer wall of the cylinder above the annular sealing groove; a blind hole is opened along the center axis at the bottom of the cylinder.

[0010] The control module includes a reduction motor, a communication charging antenna, a high-temperature battery, a control circuit board, a temperature sensor and a pressure sensor; the reduction motor, the communication charging antenna, the high-temperature battery, the control circuit board and the pressure sensor are connected in sequence from top to bottom; the temperature sensor is connected to the inner wall of the plunger body where the control circuit board is located; the communication charging antenna is connected to the electrical signal of the wellhead communication charging controller; the high-temperature battery is electrically connected to the smart plunger.

[0011] The control circuit board at least includes a signal receiving module, a signal sending module, a data processing module and a built-in acceleration sensor. The signal receiving module is electrically connected to the acceleration sensor, the data processing module, the intelligent plunger, the pressure sensor and the temperature sensor respectively, and the data processing module is electrically connected to the signal sending module.

[0012] It also includes a remote control terminal; the remote control terminal is connected with the intelligent plunger electrical signal for remote monitoring and control.

[0013] A method for underground intelligent plunger drainage and gas production, using an underground intelligent plunger drainage and gas production system, comprises the following steps:

[0014] Step 1: Measure the pressure P0 and temperature T0 outside the well;

[0015] Step 2: Place the smart plunger at the wellhead, at which time the capture locator is closed and the smart plunger is closed;

[0016] Step 3: The control module in the smart plunger collects the pressure P1 and temperature T1 in the wellhead at this time; if the pressure P1 is less than the downhole pressure P0 and T1 is less than the downhole temperature T0, the smart plunger is moved downward, and the plunger bypass hole in the smart plunger is opened during the downward movement, and the height of the liquid column on the upper part of the smart plunger gradually increases. During the downward movement, the control module continuously collects the pressure P, temperature T and acceleration a in real time;

[0017] Step 4: If the pressure P is equal to P0 and the temperature T is equal to T0, the smart plunger is closed and moves upward to discharge the liquid, and then returns to step 3.

[0018] Beneficial effects:

[0019] (1) The present invention is composed of a wellhead buffer, a wellhead communication charging controller, a capture locator, a downhole buffer locator, a production wellbore and an intelligent plunger. The present invention can control the operation state of the entire plunger by intelligently controlling the plunger to isolate or open the wellbore through mechatronics.

[0020] (2) The present invention collects data through pressure, temperature, and acceleration sensors, and determines the height of the liquid column on the plunger through an embedded program of a downhole single-chip computer, thereby effectively avoiding the problem of the plunger being unable to operate due to the liquid column being too high and the problem of the plunger being unable to operate due to the liquid column being too low, thereby achieving the purpose of intelligent drainage and gas production.

[0021] (3) The present invention communicates with the remote back-end through the wellhead communication module, so that technicians can directly monitor the downhole operation status of the plunger, which is more conducive to ensuring the effect of the plunger gas lift drainage and gas production process.

[0022] The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of the present invention. In order to more clearly understand the technical means of the present invention and implement it according to the contents of the specification, the following is a detailed description of the preferred embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0024] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the use state of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the bypass plunger in the present invention.

[0026] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of bypass closing of the bypass plunger in the present invention.

[0027] Figure 4 It is a schematic structural diagram of the bypass sealing rod in the present invention.

[0028] Figure 5 It is a schematic structural diagram of the direct push screw in the present invention.

[0029] In the figure: 1. Wellhead buffer; 2. Wellhead communication charging controller; 3. Capture locator; 4. Intelligent plunger; 5. Downhole buffer locator; 6. Salvage neck; 7. Plunger body; 8. Bypass sealing seat; 9. Plunger bypass hole; 10. Bypass sealing rod; 11. Direct push screw; 12. Sealing ring; 13. Plane bearing; 14. Reducer motor; 15. Communication charging antenna; 16. High temperature battery; 17. Control circuit board; 18. Temperature sensor; 19. Pressure sensor; 20. Connecting column; 21. Groove; 22. Boss; 23. Blind hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0031] Embodiment 1:

[0032] according to Figure 1-Figure 5 The downhole intelligent plunger drainage and gas production system shown in the figure comprises at least a wellhead buffer 1, a wellhead communication charging controller 2, a capture locator 3, a downhole buffer locator 5 and a production wellbore; the wellhead buffer 1, the wellhead communication charging controller 2 and the capture locator 3 are connected to the production wellbore outside the wellhead; the downhole buffer locator 5 is placed at the bottom of the production wellbore; and also comprises an intelligent plunger 4; the intelligent plunger 4 is placed in the production wellbore above the downhole buffer locator 5 when working.

[0033] In actual use, first, the smart plunger 4 measures the pressure P0 and temperature T0 outside the well; then, the smart plunger 4 is placed at the wellhead, at which time the capture locator 3 is closed and the smart plunger 4 is closed; then, the smart plunger 4 collects the pressure P1 and temperature T1 inside the wellhead at this time; if the pressure P1 is less than the downhole pressure P0 and T1 is less than the downhole temperature T0, the smart plunger 4 is moved downward, and the smart plunger 4 is in the open state during the downward movement, and the height of the liquid column on the upper part of the smart plunger 4 gradually increases. During the downward movement, the smart plunger 4 continuously collects the pressure P, temperature T and acceleration a in real time; when the collected pressure P is equal to P0 and the temperature T is equal to T0, the smart plunger 4 is closed and moves upward to discharge the liquid. During the upward discharge process, the pressure P, temperature T and acceleration a are continuously collected in real time, and the above operation is repeated after comparison.

[0034] 1 The present invention determines the depth of the liquid surface by judging the changes in pressure, temperature, and acceleration, thereby achieving the purpose of quantitative liquid drainage. When the liquid production of the gas well is low, the bypass can be kept in an open state. When the pressure determines that the liquid column on the plunger reaches a certain height, the bypass is closed to seal the wellbore channel, and the airflow pushes the plunger liquid up to wait for liquid drainage. When a large amount of liquid accumulated at the bottom of the well enters the wellbore during the ascent, the intelligent plunger descends again. Compared with the traditional plunger, the intelligent plunger does not need to reach the downhole buffer. After entering a certain depth of the liquid surface, the bypass is directly closed to discharge liquid. Compared with the traditional plunger, the present invention is more suitable for horizontal wells, large liquid volume, small gas volume and the like.

[0035] The adoption of the technical solution of the present invention effectively avoids the problem that the plunger cannot operate due to too high a liquid column and the operation efficiency is poor due to too low a liquid column, thereby achieving the purpose of intelligent drainage and gas collection.

[0036] Embodiment 2:

[0037] according to Figure 1-Figure 5 The intelligent downhole plunger drainage and gas production system shown in the figure is different from the first embodiment in that: the intelligent plunger 4 is a bypass intelligent plunger; the bypass intelligent plunger includes a fishing neck 6, a plunger body 7, a bypass sealing seat 8, a bypass sealing rod 10, a straight-push screw 11, a plane bearing 13 and a control module; the lower part of the fishing neck 6 is connected to the inner side wall of the upper part of the plunger body 7; the bottom end of the fishing neck 6 is connected to the bypass sealing seat 8; a long strip of plunger bypass is opened on the side wall of the plunger body 7 Hole 9, the axis of the plunger bypass hole 9 is parallel to the axis of the plunger body 7, and the top of the plunger bypass hole 9 is placed below the bypass sealing seat 8; the top of the bypass sealing rod 10 can be slidably connected in the plunger bypass hole 9, and the upper part of the straight push screw 11 can be detachably connected in the bypass sealing rod 10; the lower periphery of the straight push screw 11 is connected with a plane bearing 13, and is sealed with the inner wall of the plunger body 7; the control module is connected in the plunger body 7 at the lower end of the straight push screw 11.

[0038] In actual use, the salvage neck 6 is used to salvage the smart plunger 4 when it is stuck, or when it is severely worn and the bypass is not closed and cannot go up. It is necessary to lower the salvage tool to salvage it so as to put in the second plunger. When the bypass sealing rod 10 is in the lower position, the gas well fluid can be produced through the plunger bypass hole 9 and the cavity in the plunger body 7, and the smart plunger 4 remains motionless at the bottom of the well, or during the well opening process, the smart plunger 4 can go down. At the same time, the smart plunger 4 can control the speed of the plunger going down or up and the smart plunger 4 can run at a preset speed through the distance between the bypass sealing seat 8 and the bypass sealing rod 10. The lower part of the bypass sealing rod 10 is hollow and threaded. The interior cooperates with the direct push screw 11. The shaft of the reduction motor 14 in the control module is connected to the direct push screw 11 to provide bypass closing power. A sealing ring 12 is arranged between the direct push screw 11 and the bypass sealing rod 10 to play a sealing role, and the plane bearing 13 provides axial support force to ensure the normal operation of the device. The control module communicates with the wellhead communication charging controller 2 to charge the smart plunger 4, transfer data, write instructions, etc., and control the overall operation of the plunger.

[0039] The intelligent plunger 4 is designed to seal the wellbore through mechatronics, so that the downhole gas is isolated from the liquid column on the plunger, and the gas can more effectively push the liquid to drain. Or in the process of opening a well, the channel of the wellbore isolation is opened so that the plunger can move downward in the well opening state. At the same time, through the control module, the height of the liquid on the upper part of the intelligent plunger 4 after entering the liquid surface can be judged by comparing with the wellhead pressure and the wellhead temperature, so as to achieve fixed-depth drainage. When the height of the liquid column at the bottom of the well is too low, the intelligent plunger 4 can always remain in the downhole buffer locator position. The wellbore channel is not isolated, and the gas well continues to produce. When the height of the liquid column reaches a certain level, the channel is closed and the liquid is discharged for production.

[0040] Embodiment three:

[0041] according to Figure 1-Figure 4 The underground intelligent plunger drainage and gas production system shown in the figure is different from the second embodiment in that: the bypass sealing rod 10 is an integrated structure composed of a circular plate and a cylindrical rod, and the central axial section is T-shaped; a connecting column 20 for connecting to the plunger bypass hole 9 is provided on the side wall of the circular plate; a circular ring groove 21 is provided on the upper surface of the circular plate, and a sealing ring is provided in the groove 21; the cylindrical rod is a hollow structure, and a thread matching and connecting with the straight push screw 11 is provided on the hollow inner wall.

[0042] In actual use, when the bypass is closed, the bypass sealing seat 8 is in close contact with the bypass sealing rod 10, and the gas cannot pass through the plunger bypass hole 9. At this time, the gas at the bottom of the plunger pushes the plunger and the liquid above the plunger upward as a whole.

[0043] The bypass sealing rod 10 adopts the above technical solution, and can be well connected and matched with the straight-push screw 11 to achieve control of the opening degree of the plunger bypass hole 9.

[0044] Embodiment 4:

[0045] according to Figure 1-Figure 3 , Figure 5 The underground intelligent plunger water drainage and gas production system shown in the figure is different from the second embodiment in that: the direct push screw 11 is a cylindrical structure, and a circular annular boss 22 is arranged on its lower outer wall; an annular sealing groove is opened along the circumferential direction on the cylindrical outer wall above the boss 22, and a sealing ring 12 is arranged in the sealing groove; a thread for connecting with the hollow inner wall of the bypass sealing rod 10 is arranged on the cylindrical outer wall above the annular sealing groove; a blind hole 23 is opened along the center axis at the bottom of the cylinder.

[0046] In actual use, the direct-push screw 11 adopts the technical solution of this invention. When the downhole pressure is greater than the pressure on the upper part of the smart plunger 4, the reduction motor 14 in the control module starts, pushing the direct-push screw 11 upward, thereby driving the bypass sealing rod 10 upward, so that the plunger bypass hole 9 opens, and the bottom hole fluid enters the upper part of the smart plunger 4; when the bottom hole fluid height above the smart plunger 4 reaches a certain level, the pressure data obtained by the control module reaches the preset value, and the bypass sealing rod 10 is pressed downward until the plunger bypass hole 9 is closed, and the drainage operation is performed.

[0047] Embodiment five:

[0048] according to Figure 2The underground intelligent plunger drainage and gas production system shown in the figure is different from the second embodiment in that: the control module includes a reduction motor 14, a communication charging antenna 15, a high-temperature battery 16, a control circuit board 17, a temperature sensor 18 and a pressure sensor 19; the reduction motor 14, the communication charging antenna 15, the high-temperature battery 16, the control circuit board 17 and the pressure sensor 19 are connected in sequence from top to bottom; the temperature sensor 18 is connected to the inner wall of the plunger body 7 where the control circuit board 17 is located; the communication charging antenna 15 is electrically connected to the wellhead communication charging controller 2; the high-temperature battery 16 is electrically connected to the intelligent plunger 2.

[0049] In actual use, the shaft of the reduction motor 14 is connected to the direct-push screw 11 to provide bypass closing power; the communication charging antenna 15 communicates with the wellhead communication charging controller 2 to charge the smart plunger 4, transmit data, write instructions, etc.; the high-temperature battery 16 supplies power to the entire smart plunger 4, and the control circuit board 17 has a built-in acceleration sensor and an embedded program, which controls the overall operation of the smart plunger 4 through data from the temperature sensor 18, the pressure sensor 19, etc.

[0050] The present invention collects data through pressure, temperature and acceleration sensors, and determines the height of the liquid column on the plunger through an embedded program of a downhole single-chip computer, thereby avoiding the problem that the plunger cannot operate due to an excessively high liquid column and the problem that the operating efficiency is poor due to an excessively low liquid column.

[0051] Embodiment six:

[0052] according to Figure 2 The underground intelligent plunger drainage and gas production system shown is different from the fifth embodiment in that the control circuit board 17 includes at least a signal receiving module, a signal sending module, a data processing module and a built-in acceleration sensor, the signal receiving module is electrically connected to the acceleration sensor, the data processing module, the intelligent plunger 4, the pressure sensor 19 and the temperature sensor 18 respectively, and the data processing module is electrically connected to the signal sending module.

[0053] In actual use, the control circuit board 17 adopts the above technical solution to well realize data acquisition, processing and transmission, which provides a guarantee for the intelligent plunger 4 to realize its function.

[0054] The data processing module on the control circuit board 17 in this embodiment controls the upward and downward movement of the intelligent plunger 4 by collecting parameters such as temperature, pressure, and gravity acceleration.

[0055] Embodiment seven:

[0056] according to Figure 1-Figure 5The underground intelligent plunger drainage and gas production system shown is different from the first embodiment in that it also includes a remote control terminal; the remote control terminal is connected to the intelligent plunger 4 by electrical signals for remote monitoring and control.

[0057] In actual use, the setting of the remote control terminal can communicate with the remote back-end through the wellhead communication module. The technicians can directly monitor the downhole operation status of the plunger, which is more conducive to ensuring the effect of the plunger gas lift drainage and gas production process.

[0058] Embodiment eight:

[0059] according to Figure 1-Figure 5 As shown, a method for underground intelligent plunger water drainage and gas production, using an underground intelligent plunger water drainage and gas production system, includes the following steps:

[0060] Step 1: Measure the pressure P0 and temperature T0 outside the well;

[0061] Step 2: Place the smart plunger 4 at the wellhead, at which time the capture locator 3 and the smart plunger 4 are closed;

[0062] Step 3: The control module in the smart plunger 4 collects the pressure P1 and temperature T1 in the wellhead at this time; if the pressure P1 is less than the downhole pressure P0 and T1 is less than the downhole temperature T0, the smart plunger 4 is moved downward, and the plunger bypass hole 9 in the smart plunger 4 is opened during the downward movement, and the height of the liquid column on the upper part of the smart plunger 4 gradually increases. During the downward movement, the control module continuously collects the pressure P, temperature T and acceleration a in real time;

[0063] Step 4: If the pressure P is equal to P0 and the temperature T is equal to T0, the intelligent plunger 4 is closed and moves upward to discharge the liquid, and then returns to step 3.

[0064] The present invention can achieve the purpose of quantitative liquid discharge by judging the changes in pressure, temperature, and acceleration to determine the depth of the liquid surface. When the liquid production of the gas well is low, the plunger bypass hole 9 of the smart plunger 4 is always in an open state. When the liquid column on the smart plunger 4 reaches a certain height through pressure, the plunger bypass hole 9 is closed to seal the wellbore channel, and the airflow pushes the plunger liquid up to achieve the effect of waiting for liquid discharge. When a large amount of liquid at the bottom of the well enters the wellbore during the ascent, it descends again.

[0065] Compared with the traditional plunger, the intelligent plunger does not need to reach the downhole buffer. After entering the liquid surface to a certain depth, the bypass is directly closed to discharge the liquid for production. Compared with the traditional plunger, the present invention is more suitable for horizontal wells, large liquid volume, small gas volume and the like.

[0066] In the absence of conflicts, technicians in this field can combine the relevant technical features in the above examples according to actual conditions to achieve corresponding technical effects. The specific combinations are not described here one by one.

[0067] It should be noted that all directional indications in the embodiments of the present invention (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.) are only used to explain the relative position relationship, movement status, etc. between the components under a certain specific posture (as shown in the accompanying drawings). If the specific posture changes, the directional indication will also change accordingly.

[0068] In addition, the descriptions of "first", "second", etc. in the present invention are only for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features.

[0069] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention. The present invention will not be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but should conform to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein. Any simple modification, equivalent changes and modifications made to the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the present invention still fall within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A downhole intelligent plunger drainage gas production system, comprising at least a wellhead buffer (1), a wellhead communication charging controller (2), a capture locator (3), a downhole buffer locator (5) and a production wellbore; the wellhead buffer (1), the wellhead communication charging controller (2) and the capture locator (3) are connected to a production wellbore outside the wellhead; the downhole buffer locator (5) is placed at the bottom of the production wellbore; and the characteristics are: It also includes an intelligent plunger (4); when the intelligent plunger (4) is in operation, it is placed in the production wellbore above the downhole buffer positioner (5).

2. The underground intelligent plunger drainage and gas production system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The smart plunger (4) is a bypass smart plunger; the bypass smart plunger comprises a fishing neck (6), a plunger body (7), a bypass sealing seat (8), a bypass sealing rod (10), a straight-push screw (11), a plane bearing (13) and a control module; the lower part of the fishing neck (6) is connected to the inner side wall of the upper part of the plunger body (7); the bottom end of the fishing neck (6) is connected to the bypass sealing seat (8); a long strip-shaped plunger bypass hole (9) is opened on the side wall of the plunger body (7), and the axis of the plunger bypass hole (9) is aligned with the inner side wall of the plunger body (7). The axis of the plunger body (7) is parallel, and the top end of the plunger bypass hole (9) is placed below the bypass sealing seat (8); the top end of the bypass sealing rod (10) is slidably connected in the plunger bypass hole (9), and the upper part of the direct push screw (11) is detachably connected in the bypass sealing rod (10); the lower periphery of the direct push screw (11) is connected with a plane bearing (13) and is sealed with the inner wall of the plunger body (7); the control module is connected in the plunger body (7) at the lower end of the direct push screw (11).

3. The underground intelligent plunger drainage and gas production system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The bypass sealing rod (10) is an integrated structure consisting of a circular plate and a cylindrical rod, and the central axial section is T-shaped; a connecting column (20) for connecting to the plunger bypass hole (9) is provided on the side wall of the circular plate; an annular groove (21) is provided on the upper surface of the circular plate, and a sealing ring is provided in the groove (21); the cylindrical rod is a hollow structure, and a thread matching and connecting with the straight push screw (11) is provided on the hollow inner side wall.

4. The underground intelligent plunger drainage and gas production system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The push screw (11) is a cylindrical structure, and a circular annular boss (22) is arranged on the lower outer wall; an annular sealing groove is opened along the circumferential direction on the cylindrical outer wall above the boss (22), and a sealing ring (12) is arranged in the sealing groove; a thread for connecting with the hollow inner wall of the bypass sealing rod (10) is arranged on the cylindrical outer wall above the annular sealing groove; and a blind hole (23) is opened along the center axis at the bottom of the cylinder.

5. The underground intelligent plunger drainage and gas production system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The control module comprises a reduction motor (14), a communication charging antenna (15), a high temperature battery (16), a control circuit board (17), a temperature sensor (18) and a pressure sensor (19); the reduction motor (14), the communication charging antenna (15), the high temperature battery (16), the control circuit board (17) and the pressure sensor (19) are connected in sequence from top to bottom; the temperature sensor (18) is connected to the inner wall of the plunger body (7) at the location of the control circuit board (17); the communication charging antenna (15) is electrically connected to the wellhead communication charging controller (2); and the high temperature battery (16) is electrically connected to the intelligent plunger (4).

6. The underground intelligent plunger drainage and gas production system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The control circuit board (17) comprises at least a signal receiving module, a signal sending module, a data processing module and a built-in acceleration sensor, wherein the signal receiving module is respectively connected to the acceleration sensor, the data processing module, the intelligent plunger (4), the pressure sensor (19) and the temperature sensor (18) by electrical signals, and the data processing module is connected to the signal sending module by electrical signals.

7. The underground intelligent plunger drainage and gas production system according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a remote control terminal; the remote control terminal is connected to the intelligent plunger (4) by electrical signals and is used for remote monitoring and control.

8. An underground intelligent plunger drainage and gas production method, characterized in that: The underground intelligent plunger drainage and gas production system according to any one of claims 1 to 7 comprises the following steps: Step 1: Measure the pressure P0 and temperature T0 outside the well; Step 2: placing the smart plunger (4) at the wellhead, at which time the capture locator (3) and the smart plunger (4) are closed; Step 3: The control module in the smart plunger (4) collects the pressure P1 and temperature T1 in the wellhead at this time; if the pressure P1 is less than the downhole pressure P0 and T1 is less than the downhole temperature T0, the smart plunger (4) is moved downward, and the plunger bypass hole (9) in the smart plunger (4) is opened during the downward movement, and the height of the liquid column above the smart plunger (4) gradually increases. During the downward movement, the control module continuously collects the pressure P, temperature T and acceleration a in real time; Step 4: If the pressure P is equal to P0 and the temperature T is equal to T0, the intelligent plunger (4) is closed and moves upward to discharge the liquid, and then returns to step 3.

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